Chapter 16: Antenna

TRUE/FALSE
1. Antennas are considered to be active devices.
ANS: F
2. Any antenna can transmit a signal as well as receive one.
ANS: T
3. A half-wave diole is an isotroic radiator.
ANS: F
!. The "gain" of an antenna is often given as its erformance relative to a half-wave diole.
ANS: T
#. A half-wave diole is sometimes called a "$ert%" antenna.
ANS: T
&. A "$ert%ian 'iole" is a theoretical concet and not a real antenna.
ANS: T
(. A half-wave diole is act)ally #* longer than half a wavelength.
ANS: F
+. A half-wave diole radiates )niformly in all directions.
ANS: F
,. The hori%ontal radiation attern of a half-wave diole is symmetrical front and bac-.
ANS: T
1.. /omared to a oint-so)rce radiator0 a half-wave diole has gain.
ANS: T
11. A half-wave diole does not have directivity.
ANS: F
12. 1n general0 the near-field radiation attern of an antenna is not the same as its far-field radiation
attern.
ANS: T
13. The front-to-bac- ratio of a diole is . d2.
ANS: T
1!. Antenna gain given in d2d is gain relative to a half-wave diole.
ANS: T
1#. The in)t imedance of an antenna at resonance is infinity.
ANS: F
1&. A center-fed diole antenna is a balanced load.
ANS: T
1(. The in)t imedance of a center-fed diole increases as the searation between the cable
connections is increased.
ANS: T
1+. The olari%ation of a diole antenna is always hori%ontal.
ANS: F
1,. A folded diole has a wider bandwidth than a simle diole.
ANS: T
2.. A folded diole has a higher in)t imedance than a simle diole.
ANS: T
21. There is act)ally no s)ch thing as a "monoole" antenna.
ANS: F
22. 3ertical antennas tyically need a gro)nd lane.
ANS: T
23. The earth itself can be a gro)nd lane.
ANS: T
2!. The sheet-metal body of a car can be a gro)nd lane.
ANS: T
2#. A helical antenna cannot receive vertically olari%ed radio waves.
ANS: F
2&. A helical antenna cannot receive hori%ontally olari%ed radio waves.
ANS: F
2(. A tyical helical antenna can receive either cloc-wise or co)ntercloc-wise circ)larly olari%ed
waves0 b)t not both.
ANS: T
2+. An antenna m)st be resonant at the fre4)ency it is transmitting or receiving.
ANS: F
2,. A nonresonant antenna can ca)se a high S56 in the transmission line connected to it.
ANS: T
3.. Any antenna will transmit radio waves as long as an 6F c)rrent is flowing in it.
ANS: T
31. A "loading coil" is )sed to ma-e an antenna aear longer to a signal than its hysical length.
ANS: T
32. Antennas cannot be made to aear shorter to a signal than their act)al hysical length.
ANS: F
33. A hased array is a driven array.
ANS: T
3!. A 7agi array is a "arasitic" array.
ANS: T
3#. A 7agi array is )nidirectional.
ANS: T
3&. A 8og-9eriodic 'iole array is a "arasitic" array.
ANS: F
3(. A 8og-9eriodic 'iole array is )nidirectional.
ANS: T
3+. A T)rnstile array is )nidirectional.
ANS: F
3,. Stac-ed 7agis form a hased array.
ANS: T
!.. A arabolic "dish" can be a reflector.
ANS: T
!1. A flat iece of metal can be a reflector.
ANS: T
!2. A iece of sheet metal bent at a ,. angle can be a reflector.
ANS: T
!3. A iece of thin metal t)bing can be a reflector.
ANS: T
!!. :nly certain tyes of antennas0 s)ch as "horns"0 can be )sed with a arabolic reflector.
ANS: F
!#. An anechoic chamber re4)ires highly reflective s)rfaces.
ANS: F
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. The real art of an antenna;s in)t imedance is d)e to:
a. the radiated signal c. the S56
b. the reflected signal d. all of the above
ANS: A
2. A half-wave diole is sometimes called:
a. a <arconi antenna c. a 7agi antenna
b. a $ert% antenna d. none of the above
ANS: 2
3. The end-to-end length of a half-wave diole antenna is act)ally:
a. one wavelength c. slightly longer than a half-wavelength
b. one half-wavelength d. slightly shorter than a half-wavelength
ANS: '
!. The radiation of energy from an antenna can be seen in the:
a. standing wave attern aro)nd the antenna c. radiation resistance of the antenna
b. S56 along the feed cable d. I
2
R loss of the antenna
ANS: /
#. <eas)red on the gro)nd0 the field strength of a hori%ontally olari%ed half-wave diole antenna is
strongest:
a. in one direction c. in all directions
b. in two directions d. deends on the n)mber of elements
ANS: 2
&. The ability of an antenna to radiate more energy in one direction than in other directions is called:
a. directivity c. active antenna
b. selectivity d. resonance
ANS: A
(. The front-to-bac- ratio of a half-wave diole antenna is:
a. . d2 c. 1. d2
b. 3 d2 d. infinite
ANS: A
+. An antenna;s beamwidth is meas)red:
a. from =,. to >,. c. between half-ower oints
b. from front to bac- d. between the minor side-lobes
ANS: /
,. ?69 stands for:
a. ?4)ivalent 6adiation 9attern c. ?4)ivalent 6adiated 9ower
b. ?ffective 6adiation 9attern d. ?ffective 6adiated 9ower
ANS: '
1.. "@ro)nd ?ffects" refers to the effects on an antenna;s radiation attern ca)sed by:
a. radio signals reflecting off the gro)nd
b. b)ildings and other str)ct)res on the gro)nd
c. fading
d. fa)lty connection of the feed cable gro)nd
ANS: A
11. A 1-<$% monoole antenna m)st be:
a. mo)nted vertically c. at least one half-wavelength long
b. mo)nted hori%ontally d. at least one wavelength long
ANS: A
12. The tyical antenna in an A< radio is a:
a. diole c. ferrite "loo-stic-"
b. folded diole d. none of the above
ANS: /
13. The olari%ation of lane waves received from a satellite is changed by:
a. gamma rays c. helical rotation
b. Faraday 6otation d. the distance traveled
ANS: 2
1!. A nonresonant antenna:
a. will not transmit c. will ca)se S56 on the feed cable
b. will not receive d. all of the above
ANS: /
1#. At resonance0 the in)t imedance to a lossless antenna sho)ld be:
a. resistive c. caacitive
b. ind)ctive d. infinite
ANS: A
1&. An antenna can be matched to a feed line )sing:
a. a shorted st)b c. an 8/ networ-
b. a loading coil d. all of the above
ANS: '
1(. As the length of a "long-wire" antenna is increased:
a. the n)mber of lobes increases c. efficiency decreases
b. the n)mber of nodes decreases d. none of the above
ANS: A
1+. Arrays can be:
a. hased c. arasitic
b. driven d. all of the above
ANS: '
1,. An array with one driven element0 a reflector0 and one or more directors is called a:
a. <arconi c. 8og-9eriodic 'iole
b. 7agi d. stac-ed array
ANS: 2
2.. 89'A stands for:
a. 8ow-9ower 'iole Array c. 8og-9eriodic 'iole Array
b. 8ow-9ower 'irected Array d. 8og 9ower 'iole Array
ANS: /
21. The radiated beam from a arabolic "dish" transmitting antenna is:
a. collimated c. disersed
b. hased d. none of the above
ANS: A
22. The energy ic-ed ) by a arabolic antenna is concentrated at the:
a. center c. foc)s
b. edges d. horn
ANS: /
23. Antennas are often tested in:
a. an echo chamber c. a vac))m chamber
b. an anechoic chamber d. an 6F reflective chamber
ANS: 2
2!. Field strength at a distance from an antenna is meas)red with:
a. a slotted line c. an ?169 meter
b. a diole d. a field-strength meter
ANS: '
COMPLETION
1. An antenna is the interface between the transmission line and AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA.
ANS: sace
2. $ert% antenna is another name for a half-wave AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA.
ANS: diole
3. The length of a half-wave diole is abo)t AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA * of a half-wave in free
sace.
ANS: ,#
!. The AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA resistance is the ortion of an antenna;s in)t imedance d)e to
transmitted radio waves leaving the antenna.
ANS: radiation
#. 1n)t imedance at the center feed oint of a resonant half-wave diole is abo)t
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA .
ANS: (.
&. 1n)t imedance at the center feed oint of a resonant folded diole is abo)t
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA .
ANS: 2+. > 3..
(. The vertical angle of radiation is called the angle of AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA.
ANS: elevation
+. Antenna radiation atterns are tyically drawn on grahs with AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
coordinates.
ANS: olar
,. As comared to a AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA so)rce0 a half-wave diole has a gain of abo)t 2 d2i.
ANS:
oint
isotroic
1.. Antenna gain meas)red in AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA is with reference to a half-wave diole.
ANS: d2d
11. AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA is the same as the gain for a lossless antenna.
ANS: 'irectivity
12. The front-to-bac- ratio of a half-wave diole is AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA d2.
ANS: .
13. The AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA of a directional antenna is the angle between its half-ower oints.
ANS: beamwidth
1!. ?69 stands for AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA radiated ower.
ANS: effective
1#. ?69 is the ower in)t to the antenna m)ltilied by the antenna;s AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA.
ANS: gain
1&. A AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA is re4)ired to connect a coaBial cable to a center-fed diole antenna.
ANS: bal)n
1(. A hori%ontally mo)nted diole will radiate waves with AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA olari%ation.
ANS: hori%ontal
1+. A folded diole has AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA bandwidth than a standard diole.
ANS:
wider
greater
more
1,. A monoole antenna is tyically mo)nted in the AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA direction.
ANS: vertical
2.. The length of a tyical monoole antenna is AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA wavelength.
ANS:
one-4)arter
1C!
21. A monoole antenna mo)nted high on a tower tyically )ses a AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA lane.
ANS: gro)nd
22. A vertical antenna has an AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA radiation attern for gro)nd-based
receivers.
ANS: omnidirectional
23. The n)mber of driven elements in a 7agi antenna is tyically AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA.
ANS: one
2!. The reflector on a 7agi antenna is called a AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA element.
ANS: arasitic
2#. An 89'A is a AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA diole array.
ANS: log-eriodic
2&. 1f an 89'A had five elements0 the n)mber of driven elements it had wo)ld be
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA.
ANS: five
2(. All the waves that hit the s)rface of a arabolic antenna merge at the AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA.
ANS: foc)s
2+. A AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA beam has all its individ)al rays arallel to each other.
ANS: collimated
2,. A microwave AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA antenna is essentially an eBtension of a waveg)ide.
ANS: horn
3.. An AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA chamber is often )sed to test microwave antennas.
ANS: anechoic
SHORT ANSWER
1. /alc)late the hysical length of a half-wave diole for )se at 3.. <$%.
ANS:
!(# millimeters
2. $ow m)ch ower will a ,#* efficient antenna radiate if driven with 1.. wattsD
ANS:
,# watts
3. 1f an antenna has 1..1! d2 of gain comared to a oint so)rce0 how m)ch gain does it have
comared to a half-wave dioleD
ANS:
+ d2
!. 5hat is the ?69 of an antenna with 1. d2d of gain and driven by one wattD
ANS:
1. watts
#. A resonant antenna has an in)t imedance of 1.. ohms and is driven by 1.. watts. 5hat is the
6<S c)rrent in the antennaD
ANS:
1 amere
&. A resonant antenna has an in)t imedance of 1.. ohms and is driven by 1.. watts. 5hat is the
6<S voltage at the feed-oint of the antennaD
ANS:
1.. volts