Architecting the Cloud:

Enterprise Architecture Patterns

for Cloud Computing
Prakash C. Rao VP/Chief Architect MMC
Ltd
Claudia Rose President/BBII Enterprises
Faculty: FEAC Institute
A tough place to be!
Our
Talk
Audience Doors Happy Hour
Rapid Exodus
4:30PM 5:00 PM 5:01 PM
Cloudwash
Balancing the Rush to Implementation
Enterprise
Architecture
Cloud
Solutions
Engineering
Mach Heading
Planning Implementation
Some Key Principles
Enterprises are constantly transforming
themselves to exist, survive and adapt

Enterprise Architecture is used to drive the
planning process

Solutions Engineering is used to drive the
solution building

An initiative is a unit of planned transformation

Some Key Principles
Todays initiatives are often collaborations between IT & the
business

Cloud computing is a type of information technology
transformation initiative

Enterprise Patterns reflect the nature of the Business

Analysis Patterns are used to support Planning

Solution Patterns are used to support Engineering


This presentation will address PLANNING concerns

Enterprise Transformation
Current
State
Future
Desired
States
Business Initiatives
Technology Initiatives
DOTMLPF Changes
Transformation Plan/Roadmap
Enterprise Architecture
CC Initiatives affect the Enterprise
Internal Organization and Stakeholders
External Stakeholders
Partners/Suppliers/Service
Providers
Internal Organization and Stakeholders

External Stakeholders

Partners/ Suppliers/ Service Providers

Facilities and Locations

Service Dependencies

Customer Commitments
CC is part of a larger Enterprise
Context
Business Model
Processes/Operations
Infrastructure
Information Technology
Planning a CC Initiative
Problem Side Analysis
Analysis of Alternatives (AoA)
Analysis of Impact on Current Operations
Overcome Weaknesses
Exploit Opportunities
Making Solution Side Decisions
Zero Time
Instant Adaptation
Instant Involvement
Instant Execution
Instant Value Alignment
Instant Learning
Achieving three creates a market leader.
Achieving all five leads to perpetual market
lock.


EA is a Planning Discipline
Frames the Problem Side
Reflects Concerns from Multiple Viewpoints
Provides Standard Analysis Patterns
Provides a Knowledgebase for Decision
Making
Reflects the tradeoffs that must be made
during Planning

Contrast EA vs. Engineering
Defining detailed requirements
Making design space tradeoffs
Make vs Buy Decisions
Definition of solution architecture
Design of Solution
Acquisition/Development of Solution
Deployment of Solution
EA Planning Delivers
A Collection of related IT and business Projects

A Roadmap that recognizes Project Dependencies

Each Project develops IT/Business Capabilities

IT/Business Capabilities support Operations explicitly

A Roadmap balances risks against aggressive evolution

A Roadmap incorporates resource related tradeoffs and
prioritizations
Some EA Terminology
Enterprise Patterns

Enterprise Architecture Frameworks

Enterprise Viewpoints/Concerns

Enterprise Views/Models

Enterprise Initiatives
Patterns (Simple View)
Metaphors that are generally applicable to a
class of problems, solutions, methods,
techniques, etc. (Models)
Patterns are reusable
Patterns inform methods and techniques
Patterns provide large granularity
knowledge
Pattern deviations create both opportunity
and confusion

Enterprise Patterns
Enterprise Classification schemes
Federal Budget Spending Category Codes (OMB)
North American Industrial Standard Codes (NAICS)
Standard Industry Codes (SIC)
IRS Business Taxpayer Classifications
Fortune 500 Corporation Classification
Standard & Poor Classification
Many Others

Using Enterprise Patterns
Benchmarking Cloud Adoption

Determining Competitive Advantage

Determining Cloud Adoption Pressures

Determining Stance: Follow or Lead
What Market am I In? Who is similar to me?
Architecture Framework Patterns
Taxonomy/Ontology Based Frameworks
Zachman Framework
IDEAS and DM2

Process Based Frameworks
TOGAF/ADM
EAP

Hybrid Frameworks
New FEAF Common Approach
DoDAF/NAF/MODAF
Architecture Framework
Multiple Viewpoints/Concerns
Multiple Views (Models)/Representations
(Standard Architecture Elements) represent
What
How
Who
Where
When
Why
Viewpoint Patterns
Strategy
Business/Operational
Systems/Apps/Services
Infrastructure
Technology
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Why is Viewpoint Important?
Programmers View Customers View
Sample Strategic Viewpoint Patterns
DoDAF TOGAF Common Approach
CV-1 Vision Driver/ Goal/
Objective Catalog
S-1 Concept Overview
Diagram
CV-2 Capability Taxonomy S-2 Strategic Plan
CV-3 Capability Phasing S-3 CONOPS Scenarios
CV-4 Capability Dependency S-4 SWOT Analysis
CV-5 S-5 Performance Measures
Scorecard
CV-6 Capability X Operational
Activity
CV-7 Capability X Services
Sample CV-1 Vision Pattern
Transformation
Vision
Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3
Goal
1.1
Goal
1.2
Goal
2.1
Goal
2.2
Goal
2.3
Goal
3.1
Goal
3.2
Capability
Configuration 1
Capability Configuration 1
Capability
Configuration 1
SWOT Analysis Pattern
Strengths Weaknesses
Threats Opportunities
Positive Negative
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Use of Strategic View Patterns
Surfacing Opportunities created by Cloud
Technology

Addressing Weaknesses including Capability Gaps
using Cloud Technology

Orchestrating Capability Developments and
Project of Projects for Cloud Deployments

Balancing initiatives against multiple enterprise
concerns (BSC). [Ackoffs Mess]

Sample Business/Operational
Viewpoint Patterns
DoDAF TOGAF Common Approach
OV-1 Operational Concept
Graphic
Organization/Actor Catalog B-1 Business Process
Diagram
OV-2 Operational Resource
Flow Diagram
Role Catalog B-2 Business Operating
Plan
OV-3 Operational Resource
Flow Matrix
Business/Service/ Function
Catalog
B-3 Business Service
Catalog
OV-4 Organizational
Relationships
Location Catalog B-4 Organization Chart
OV-5a,b Activity Model Process/ Event/ Control/
Product Catalog
B-5 Use Case Narrative and
Diagram
OV-6a,b,c Behavior Models Contract/Measure Catalog B-6 Business
Case/Alternative Analysis
Business Reference Model Pattern
Business Areas & Lines of Business
LOB 1
LOB 2
LOB 3
LOB 4
LOB 5
LOB 6
Business Functions
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Business Processes
Sample OV-5a Pattern
Top Level
Activity (A0)
A1 A2 A3
A1.1 A1.2 A2.1 A2.2 A3.1
Fractal Pattern
Cross Functional Process Model
Pattern
Performer 1
Performer 2
Performer 3
Performer 4
A1 ? A2
A4 ?
A3
A5
A6
Fractal Pattern
Sample Resource Flow Pattern
Sender Receiver
Needline
Resource Flows/Information
Classified/Unclassified
Proprietary/Public/Confidential
Privacy Act Coverage
Organization
Role
Stakeholder
Performer
Organization
Role
Stakeholder
Performer
Agreement
ROE
Memorandum
Contract
Fractal Pattern
Use of Business/Operational View
Patterns
Operational Information Flows
Business Process & Activity Coupling
Organizational Involvement & Responsibility
Process X IT Relationships
Inform Cloud Partitioning and Cloud Style
decisions
Understanding
Sample Systems/App/Service
Viewpoint Patterns
DoDAF TOGAF Common Approach
SV-1 Systems Interfaces Application Portfolio
Catalog
A-1 Application Interface
Diagram
SV-2 Systems Connectivity Application X Organization
Matrix
A-2 Application
Communication Diagram
SV-3 System X System
Matrix
Role/ Application Matrix A-3 Application Interface
Matrix
SV-4 Systems Functionality Application/ Function
Matrix
A-4 Application Data
Exchange Matrix
SV-5 System Function X
Operational Activity
Application Interaction
Matrix
A-5 Application Service
Matrix
SV-6 Systems Data
Exchange
Process/ Application
Realization Diagram
A-6 App
Sample Portfolio Pattern
Portfolio
Mission
Execution
Mission
Support
Monitoring
& C2
Workflow
Supply Chain
Apps
Fractal Pattern
Productivity
Desktop
Apps
Collaboration
Tools
Sample System Resource Flow Pattern
Sender Receiver
Interface
Resource Flows/Information
Classified/Unclassified
Proprietary/Public/Confidential
Privacy Act Coverage
Message Standard
Semantic Model
System
Service
System
Service
Interface Agreement
ICD/IDD
Fractal Pattern
Sample Connectivity Pattern
System
Access Point
System
Platform
Networks
Communication Segments
Facility/
Location
Facility/
Location
Routers
Networks
System Migration Pattern
System 1
System 2
System 3
System 4
System 5
Migration Timeframe
Use of Systems/App/Service Viewpoint
Patterns
System Portfolios
Systems Interfaces & Connectivity
Systems Use of Platforms
Systems Evolution Functionality &
Technology
Inform Cloud Migration Roadmap Decisions
Understanding
Sample Infrastructure Viewpoint
Patterns
DoDAF TOGAF Common Approach
SvcV-1 Service Interface s Enterprise Manageability
Diagram
Network Diagram
SvcV-2 Service Resource
Flows
Process/Application
Realization Diagram
Hosting Concept of
Operations
SvcV-9 Service Technology
Evolution
Software Engineering
Diagram
Technical Standards Profile
StdV-1 Standards Profile Application Migration
Diagram
Cable Plant Diagram
SV-9 Systems Technology
Evolution
Software Distribution
Diagram
Wireless Connectivity
Diagram
Data Center/Server Room
Diagram
Sample Infrastructure Pattern
Software Catalog
Platforms Catalog
Infrastructure Asset Catalog
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Service Delivery List
Adapted from Dynamic Data Center Reference Model
Wilfried Schadenboeck
Use of Infrastructure Viewpoint
Patterns
Platforms
Datacenters/Facilities
Networks and Communication Links
Technology Standards
IT Assets
Inform Cloud Target Setting and Consolidation
decisions
Understanding
Sample Data & Information Viewpoint
Patterns
DoDAF TOGAF Common Approach
DIV-1 Conceptual Data
Model
Data Entity/ Data
Component Catalog
D-1 Logical Data Model
DIV-2 Logical Data Model Data Entity/ Business
Function Matrix
D-2 Knowledge
Management Plan
DIV-3 Physical Data Model Application/ Data Matrix D-3 Data Quality Plan
OV-3 Operational
Information Exchange
Matrix
Conceptual Data Diagram D-4 Data Flow Diagram
SV-4 Systems Data Flow
Diagram
Logical Data Diagram D-5 Physical Data Model
SV-10c Systems Event Trace
Diagram
Data Lifecycle Diagram D-6 CRUD Matrix
Use of Data & Information Viewpoint
Patterns
Distribution of Data across the Enterprise
Issues of Data Security
Issues of Data Ownership
Issues of Data Privacy
Issues of Data Stewardship and Quality
Inform the data strategy for Cloud Migration
and expose data related risk and vulnerability
Understanding
Sample Security Viewpoint Patterns
DoDAF TOGAF Common Approach
OV-6a Operational Rules
Model
Role catalog Security Controls Catalog
SV-10a System Rules
Model
Organization/Role Catalog Security & Privacy Plan
SV-7 Systems Measures
Matrix
Actor/Role Matrix Certification &
Accreditation
Documentation
Contract/Measure Catalog Continuous Monitoring
Procedures
Data Dissemination
Diagram
Disaster Recovery Plan
Data Security Diagram Continuity of Operations
Plan
Use of Security Viewpoint Patterns
Information Security
Data Security
Continuity of Operations
Disaster Recovery
Monitoring & Control
Certification & Accreditation
Informs the security strategy for the Cloud
Migration
Understanding
Summary: Balancing the rush to
implementation
Planning Implementing
Strategic
Patterns
Operational
Patterns
App
Patterns
Infra-
structure
Patterns
Data & Info
Patterns
Security
Patterns
Balanced
Cloud
Implementation
Plan
Enterprise
Patterns
References
TOGAF 9.1 (The Open Group)
DoDAF 2.03 (US Department of Defense)
FEAF 2 Common Approach (Office of
Management & Budget)
FEAC Certified Enterprise Architect CEA Study
Guide (McGraw-Hill)
and finally:
Upcoming Book (McGraw Hill)
Co-Authors:

Beryl Bellman
Mark Bergman
Alan Brenner
Kenneth Griesi
Prakash Rao
Claudia Rose


Sample Activity Context Pattern
Activity
Inputs
Outputs
Controls
Mechanisms
Fractal Pattern