MOMENTUM and COLLISIONS WORKSHEET

Momentum and Change in Momentum

True or False?
_______1. Momentum is not equal to the mass of an object divided by its velocity.
_______2. The momentum of an object can change.
_______3. Two objects with the same mass will always have the same momentum.
_______4. All moving objects dont have momentum.
_______5. When an object speeds up, it gains momentum.
_______6. Objects with different masses cant have the same momentum.
_______7. Direction does not matter when you are measuring momentum.
_______8. Momentum can be transferred from one object to another.
_______9. When objects collide, some momentum is lost.
_______10. A tiny bullet can have more momentum than a huge truck.
11. A steel ball whose mass is 2.0 kg is rolling at a rate of 2.8 m/s. What is its momentum?
12. A marble is rolling at a velocity of 1.5 m/s with a momentum of 0.10 kgm/s. What is its mass?
13. Determine the momentum of a
a) 75 kg halfback moving at 9.0 m/s

b) 1040 kg car moving at 22.0 m/s

14. A car has momentum of 20,000 kg-m/s. What would be the cars new momentum if
a) its velocity were doubled
b) its velocity were tripled
c) its mass were doubled (by adding more passengers and a greater load)
d) both its velocity were doubled and its mass were doubled
15. On April 15, 1912, the luxury cruise liner Titanic sank after running into an iceberg. What was the cruise
liners speed when it collided with the ice berg if it had a mass of 4.23 x 108 kg ship and a momentum of
4.9 x 109 kgm/s?
16. Which has more momentum, a 1000 kg car moving 1 m/s or a 70 kg person sprinting at 8 m/s?
17. What is the change in momentum of a 950 kg car that travels from 40.0 m/s to 31.0 m/s?
18. What is the change in momentum of a 40. kg runner that travels from 5.0 m/s to 11 m/s?
19. A mud blob, 0.350 kg, is thrown at a wall at 10.0 m/s. The blob sticks to the wall. What is the change in
momentum of the blob?
20. A 0.095 kg tennis ball is traveling 40. m/s when it bounces of a wall and travels in the opposite direction it
came from. The bounced leaving the wall with a speed of 30. m/s. What is the change in momentum of the ball?
21. A baseball, 167 grams, is pitched at 50.0 m/s when is hit by the batter. The ball travels in the opposite
direction it was thrown from with a speed of 70.0 m/s. What is the change in momentum of the baseball?
22. In a football game a 70.0 kg player is running at 10.0 m/s when he is hit by another player. When he is hit by
the other player he bounces off in the opposite direction at 5.00 m/s. What is the players change in momentum?
Impulse
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23. A 0.50 kg cart is pulled with a force of 1.0 N for 2.0 seconds. What is the impulse applied to the cart?
24. A 0.50 kg cart is pulled with a force of 2.0 N for 1.0 second. What is the impulse applied to the cart?
25. Upon hitting a bat, a baseball has a change in momentum of 16.5 kg-m/s. What is the average force applied
to the baseball if the time of impact is 0.00200 seconds?
26. A soccer ball is at rest and is then kicked giving it a final velocity of 6.0 m/s. The ball has a mass of
0.28 kg.
a) What is the change in the balls momentum?
b) If the time of contact between the soccer players foot and the ball is 0.020 s, what was the average force
applied to the ball?
27. An arrow (m = 140 g) leaves a bow at a velocity of 45 m/s. What was the average force applied by the
bowstring on the arrow if the time to launch the arrow was 0.0090 s?
28. An official major league baseball has a mass of 0.14 kg. A pitcher throws a 40. m/s fastball which is hit by
the batter straight back up the middle at a speed of 46 m/s.
a) What is the change in momentum of the ball during the collision with the bat?
b) If this collision occurs during a time of 0.012 seconds, what is the average force exerted by the bat on
the ball?
29. A tennis ball may leave a top players racket on the serve with a speed of 65.0 m/s. If the balls mass is
0.0600 kg and it is in contact with the racket for 0.0300 s, what is the average force exerted on the ball?
30. How much force is required to stop a 60. kg person traveling at 30. m/s during a time of 5.0 s?
31. A baseball pitcher throws a fast ball with a 100. Ns impulse. If he applied the force in 0.15 seconds, what
force did he apply?
32. A hockey puck is hit by a hockey player at the goalie. The puck is hit with a 1200 N force. The stick made
contact for 0.10 seconds.
a) What impulse was given to the puck?
b) If a goalie stopped it with a force that acts for 0.65 seconds, then what force did he apply?
33. In a lacrosse game a ball is thrown with a force of 2000. N. the throwing force acted for 0.800 s. Another
player stopped the ball in 0.300 s with their helmet. What force did their helmet use to stop the ball?
34. A 1000. kg car crashed into a barrier. The car changed speed from 30. m/s to 20. m/s in 2.0 seconds. What
force did the barrier apply to stop the car?
35. A 60. kg skateboarder accelerated from 5.0 m/s to 12 m/s. She applied a force of 4200 N. How quickly did
she accelerate?
36. An outfielder stops a ball that is originally hit with an impulse of 2000. Ns. The balls mass is 0.25 kg.
What was the ball's change in speed when the outfielder stopped it?

Collisions and Conservation of Momentum

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37. Suppose you are traveling in a bus at highway speed on a nice summer day and the momentum of an
unlucky bug is suddenly changed as it splatters onto the front window.
a) Compared to the force that acts on the bug, how much force acts on the bus? (more) (the same) (less)
b) Although the momentum of the bus is very large compared to the momentum of the bug, the change in
momentum of the bus compared to the change in momentum of the bug is (more) (the same) (less).
c) Which experiences the greater acceleration? (bus) (both the same) (bug)
d) Which, therefore, suffers the greater damage? (bus) (both the same) (the bug)
38. A 4.5-kg ham is thrown into a stationary 15-kg shopping cart. At what speed will the cart and ham travel if
the ham had an initial speed of 2.2 m/s?
39. A 6.0-kg bowling ball (Ball #1) rolling at 5.0 m/s strikes a stationary 4.0-kg bowling ball (Ball #2). If Ball
#1 is moving forward at 2.0 m/s after the collision, what is the speed and direction of Ball #2?
40. A 30. kg child running at 7.0 m/s jumps onto a 10.0 kg sled which was initially at rest. What will be the
velocity of the child+sled immediately after the child jumps on the sled?
41. A 1500. kg car traveling at 15 m/s collides with a 500. kg moose which is at rest. If the moose is knocked
backward at 20. m/s, what is the new velocity of the car?
42. A 1500. kg car traveling 5.0 m/s collides head on with a 3000 kg truck traveling 7.0 m/s in the opposite
direction. If the bumpers lock (the collision is inelastic),
a) what is the velocity of the two vehicles together immediately following the collision?
b) What is the change in velocity experienced by the driver of each car during the collision?
43. A 70. kg astronaut hovering in an orbiting space station throws a 1.0 kg water bottle across the room at a
speed of 8.0 m/s. What is the magnitude of the astronauts recoil velocity?
44. A loaded train freight car (10 metric tons) rolls at 2.0 m/s towards a resting car (2 metric tons). Upon
collision the two cars couple (lock together). (1 metric ton = 1000 kg)
a) What is the speed of the two cars after the collision?
b) Calculate the impulse felt by the loaded train freight car.
45. A loaded train freight car (10 metric tons) rolls at 2.0 m/s east towards another freight car. The second
freight car is traveling towards the first at 3.0 m/s west. Its mass is 15 metric tons. Upon collision the two cars
couple (lock together).
a) What is the speed and direction of the two cars after the collision?
b) Calculate the impulse felt by the second freight car.
46. Two football players collide head-on. The defensive player is running east at 6.0 m/s and has a mass of
100. kg. The offensive player has a mass of 90. kg and is running 2.0 m/s west. What is the speed of the two
players after the collision if they don't separate?
47. Two cars collide and then stick together in an accident. Car A has a mass of 1000. kg and is moving
5.00 m/s east, and car B has a mass of 2000. kg and is moving 2.00 m/s west. What is the speed of the cars after
the collision?
48. Two cars bump going in the same direction (east). Car A has a mass of1000. kg and is moving at 5.00 m/s,
and car B has a mass of 2000. kg and is moving at 2.00 m/s. Car A has a velocity of 3.25 m/s after the collision.
What is the velocity of the car B after the collision?
49. Two cars collide in a head on collision. A 1200. kg car travels 28 m/s east, while a 1500. kg car travels
20. m/s west. After the collision the 1200. kg car travels 22 m/s west.
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a) What is the speed and direction of the 1500. kg car after the collision?
b) Calculate the impulse felt by the 1500. kg car.
c) If the collision lasted 0.70 seconds, what force is felt by the 1500. kg car?
50. Two football players collide head-on. The offensive player, mass = 100. kg, was running at 8.00 m/s. The
defensive player, mass = 72.7 kg, was traveling 11 m/s when he tackled the other player.
a) What magnitude of the impulse is felt by each player?
b) If the collision lasted 0.050 seconds, then what was the magnitude of the force felt by each player?
51. A 45 kg student is sitting on a lake of frictionless ice at rest. (How he got there nobody knows.) To slide to
the other side, he throws his 0.75 kg boot 34.2 m/s to the right.
a) Determine the velocity of the student as a result of throwing the shoe.
b) If the student has to slide 9.43 m to get to the other side and he slides at a constant velocity, how much
time will it take to reach the shore?
52. Hobbes, the stuffed tiger, has a mass of 31.8 kg. Calvin, the little boy, has a mass of 25.1 kg. In a game of
football, Hobbes runs at Calvin at 7.22 m/s east. Calvin is running at Hobbes.
a) If the two collide, stick together, and are then at rest, what was Calvins initial velocity?
b) What impulse is exerted on Hobbes by Calvin?
c) What impulse is exerted on Calvin by Hobbes?
d) If the collision occurred in 0.0600 s, then what force was exerted on Hobbes?
53. Hobbes, the stuffed tiger, has a mass of 31.8 kg. Calvin, the little boy, has a mass of 25.1 kg. In a game of
football, Hobbes runs at Calvin at 11.0 m/s. Calvin is running in the same direction as Hobbes, away from
Hobbes, at 8.33 m/s.
a) If the two collide and stick together, what is their final velocity?
b) What impulse is exerted on Hobbes by Calvin?
c) What impulse is exerted on Calvin by Hobbes?
d) If the collision occurred in 0.109 seconds, then what force was exerted on Hobbes?
ANSWERS
11) 5.6 N.s
12) 0.067 kg
13a) 680 N.s
13b) 22900 N.s
14a) p x 2
14b) p x 3
14c) p x 2
14d) p x 4
15) 12 m/s
16) the car
17) 8600 N.s
18) 240 N.s
19) 3.50 N.s
20) 6.7 N.s
21) 20.0 N.s
.
.
.
22) 1050 N s
23) 2.0 N s
24) 2.0 N s
25) 8250 N
26a) 1.7 N.s
26b) 85 N
27) 7.0 x 102 N
28a) 12 N.s
28b) 1.0 x 103 N
29) 130. N
.
30) 360 N
31) 670 N
32a) 120 N s
32b) 180 N
33) 5330 N
34) 5.0 x 103 N
35) 0.10 s
36) 8.0 x 103 m/s
37a) the same
37b) the same
37c) the bug
37d) the bug
38) 0.51 m/s
39) 4.5 m/s forward 40) 5.3 m/s
41) 22 m/s
42a) 3.0 m/s
42b) car: - 8.0 m/s; truck: 4.0 m/s
43) 0.11 m/s (+ because asked for magnitude)
44a) 1.7 m/s
44b) 3.0 x 103 N.s
45a) 1.0 m/s left
45b) 3.0 x 104 N.s
46) 2.2 m/s
47) 0.333 m/s
48) 2.88 m/s
49a) 20. m/s east
49b) 6.0 x 104 N.s
49c) 8.6 x 104 N
50a) both 800. N.s
50b) both 16000 N 51a) 0.57 m/s
51b) 17 s
52a) 9.15 m/s
52b) 230. N.s
52c) 230. N.s
52d) 3830 N
53a) 9.82 m/s
53b) 37.5 N.s
.
53c) 37.4 N s
53d) 344 N

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