1.

INTRODUCTION
The Java Ring is a stainless-steel ring, 16-millimeters (0.6 inches) in diameter that
houses a 1-million-transistor processor, called an iButton. The ring has 134 KB of
RAM, 32 KB of ROM, a real-time clock and a Java virtual machine, which is a piece
of software that recognizes the Java language and translates it for the user's computer
system.
At Celebration School, the rings have been programmed to store electronic cash to
pay for lunch, automatically unlock doors, take attendance, store a student's medical
information and allow students to check out books. All of this information is stored
on the ring's iButton. Students simply press the signet of their Java Ring against the
Blue Dot receptor, and the system connected to the receptor performs the function
that the applet instructs it to. In the future, the Java Ring may start your car. Mobile
computing is beginning to break the chains that tie us to our desks, but many of
today's mobile devices can still be a bit awkward to carry around. In the next age of
computing, we will see an explosion of computer parts across our bodies, rather than
across our desktops. Digital jewelry, designed to supplement the personal computer,
will be the evolution in digital technology that makes computer elements entirely
compatible with the human form.
The Java Ring, first introduced at Java One Conference, has been tested at
Celebration School, an innovative K-12 school just outside Orlando. The rings given
to students are programmed with Java applets that communicate with host
applications on networked systems. Applets are small applications that are designed
to be run within another application. The Java Ring is snapped into a reader, called a
Blue Dot receptor, to allow communication between a host system and the Java Ring.

Figure 1.1: Prototype of stainless steel java ring.

2. HISTORY
In the summer of 1989, Dallas Semiconductor Corp. produced the first stainlessSteel encapsulated memory devices utilizing the Dallas Semiconductor 1-Wire
communication protocol. By 1990, this protocol had been refined and employed in a
variety of self-contained memory devices. Originally called "touch memory" devices,
they were later renamed "iButtons." Packaged like batteries, iButtons have only a
single active electrical contact on the top surface, with the stainless steel shell
serving as ground.
Data can be read from or written to the memory serially through a simple and
inexpensive RS232C serial port adapter, which also supplies the power required to
perform the I/O. The iButton memory can be read or written with a momentary
contact to the "Blue Dot" receptor provided by the adapter. When not connected to
the serial port adapter, memory data is maintained in non-volatile random access
memory (NVRAM) by a lifetime lithium energy supply that will maintain the
memory content for at least 10 years. Unlike electrically erasable programmable
read-only memory (EEPROM), the NVRAM iButton memory can be erased and
rewritten as often as necessary without wearing out. It can also be erased or rewritten
at the high speeds typical of complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS)
memory, without requiring the time-consuming programming of EEPROM.
The iButton product line and its many applications are described at Dallas
Semiconductor's iButton Web site, which is listed in the Resources section. Every
iButton product is manufactured with a unique 8-byte serial number and carries a
guarantee that no two parts will ever have the same number. Among the simplest
iButtons are memory devices that can hold files and subdirectories and can be read
and written like small floppy disks. In addition to these, there are iButtons with
password protected file areas for security applications, iButtons that count the
number of times they have been rewritten for securing financial transactions,
iButtons with temperature sensors, iButtons with continuously running date/time
clocks, and even iButtons containing powerful microprocessors. The java ring was
first introduced in the year 1998; in the java one conference .the ring was built by the
Dalas semiconductor corporation.

2.1 The postal security device

For over 10 years, Dallas Semiconductor also has been designing, making, and
selling a line of highly secure microprocessors that are used in satellite TV
descramblers, automatic teller machines, point-of-sale terminals, and other similar
applications requiring cryptographic security and high resistance to attack by
hackers. The U.S. Postal Service's (USPS) Information Based Indicia Program Postal
Security Device Specification, intended to permit printing of valid U.S. postage on
any PC, provided the first opportunity to combine two areas of expertise when a
secure microprocessor was designed into an iButton the resulting product, named the
Crypto iButton, combines high processor performance, high-speed cryptographic
primitives, and exceptional protection against physical and cryptographic attack. For
example, the large integer modular exponentiation engine can perform 1024-bit
modular exponentiations with a 1024-bit exponent in significantly less than a second.
The ability to perform large integer modular exponentiations at high speed is central
to RSA encryption, Diffie- Hellman key exchange, Digital Signature Standard (FIPS
186), and many other modern cryptographic operations.
A special operating system was designed and stored in the ROM of the Crypto
iButton to support cryptography and general-purpose financial transactions -- such as
those required by the Postal Service program. While not a Java virtual machine, the
Ecommerce firmware designed for this application had several points of similarity
with Java, including an object-oriented design and a bytecode interpreter to interpret
and execute Dallas Semiconductor's custom-designed E-Commerce Script Language.
A compiler was also written to compile the high-level language representation of the
Script Language to a bytecode form that could be interpreted by the E-Commerce
VM. Although the E-Commerce firmware was intended primarily for the USPS
application, the firmware supports a variety of general electronic commerce models
that are suitable for many different applications. The E-Commerce firmware also
supports cryptographic protocols for secure information exchange such as the Simple
Key-Management for Internet Protocol (SKIP) developed by Sun Microsystems Inc.
The E-Commerce iButton and the SDK for programming it are described in detail on
the Crypto iButton home page.

3. COMPONENTS
The main components of the java ring are following: JAVA VIRTUAL MACHINE(JVM)
134KB OF RAM
32KB OF RAM
REAL TIME CLOCK
IBUTTON
BLUE DOT RECEPTOR

3.1. JAVA VIRTUAL MACHINE

Java ring is programmed with java application program and applets that
communicate with the host application on the networked system. Applets are the
small application that is designed to run on another application system. The java
virtual machine is the piece of software that recognizes the java language and
translates the byte code which is used by the system which is connected to the java
ring via ring reader. At Celebration School, the rings have been programmed to store
electronic cash to pay for lunches, automatically unlock doors, take attendance, store
a student's medical information and allow students to check out books. All of this
information is stored on the ring's iButton. Students simply press the signet of their
Java Ring against the Blue Dot receptor, and the system connected to the receptor
performs the function that the applet instructs it to. In the future, the Java Ring may
start your car. Mobile computing is beginning to break the chains that tie us to our
desks, but many of today's mobile devices can still be a bit awkward to carry around.
In the next age of computing, we will see an explosion of computer parts across our
bodies, rather than across our desktops. Digital jewelry, designed to supplement the
personal computer, will be the evolution in digital technology that makes computer
elements entirely compatible with the human form.

3.2. RAM
Java ring contains 134kb of non-volatile random access memory. Program and data is
stored in this non-volatile random access memory .This non-volatile random access
memory offers high read/write speed and also provides temper resistance through
instantaneous clearing of all memory when tempering is detected. This process is
called rapid zeroization. The NVRAM iButton memory can be erased or rewritten as
often as necessary without wearing out. High security is offered by the ability to
erase the content of NVRAM extremely quickly.
The Crypto iButton also provides an excellent hardware platform for executing Java
because it utilizes NVRAM for program and data storage. With 6 kilobytes of
existing NVRAM and the potential to expand the NVRAM capacity to as much as
128 kilobytes in the existing iButton form factor, the Crypto iButton can execute
Java with a relatively large Java stack situated in NVRAM. This memory acts as
conventional high-speed RAM when the processor is executing, and the lithium
energy preserves the complete state of the machine while the Java Ring is
disconnected from the reader. There is therefore no requirement to deal with
persistent objects in a special way -- objects persist or not depending on their scope
so the programmer has complete control over object persistence. As in standard Java,
the Java iButton contains a garbage collector that collects any objects that are out of
scope and recycles the memory for future use. Applets can be loaded and unloaded
from the Java iButton as often as needed. All the applets currently loaded in a Java
iButton are effectively executing at zero speed any time the iButton is not in contact
with a Blue Dot receptor. As the Java Card 2.0 specification was proposed, Dallas
Semiconductor became a JavaSoft licensee. The agreement called for the
development of a Java Card 2.0 implementation and also for the design of "plus
portions" that take advantage of the unique capabilities afforded by the Crypto
iButtons NVRAM, such as the ability to support a true Java stack and garbage
collection, with the addition of the continuously running lithium-powered time-of
day clock and the high-speed, large-integer modular exponentiation engine.

3.3. ROM
6

The java ring contains 32kb of ROM .A special kind of operating system called
Ecommerce operating system which is based on java and JVM is stored in the ROM.
This operating system handles all the operation which is happening in the iButton. It
is stored in ROM because it is not supposed to be altered by the user. The Crypto
iButton hardware platform offers a unique set of special features expressly designed
to prevent private keys and other confidential information from becoming available
to hackers.
The silicon die containing the processor, ROM, and NVRAM memory is
metallurgically bonded to the barrier substrate through which all electrical contacts
are made. This barrier substrate and the triple-layer metal construction techniques
employed in the silicon fabrication effectively deny access to the data stored in the
NVRAM. If any attempt is made to penetrate these barriers, the NVRAM data is
immediately erased. This construction technique and the use of NVRAM for the
storage of private keys and other confidential data provides a much higher degree of
data security than that afforded by EEPROM memory. The fact that the
communication path between the Crypto iButton and the outside world is limited to a
single data line provides additional security against hardware attacks by limiting the
range of signals accessible to the hacker.
In addition, the processor itself is driven by an unstablized ring oscillator operating
over a range of 10 to 20 megahertz, so that the clock frequency of the processor is
not constant and cannot be determined by external means. This differs from the
design of alternative devices in which the processor clock signal is injected by the
reader and is therefore exactly determined by the host processor. External control of
the clock provides a valuable tool to hackers, since they can repetitively cycle such a
processor to the same point in its execution simply by applying the same number of
clock cycles. Control of the clock also affords a means to induce a calculation error
and thereby obtain information that can ultimately reveal secret encryption keys. A
32-kilohertz crystal oscillator is used in the Java iButton to operate the time-of-day
clock at a constant and well-controlled frequency that is independent of the processor
clock.

3.4. REAL TIME CLOCK

7

In the java ring real time clock gives the exact time of the day. The real time clock
can continuously run up to more than 10 years by the energy provided the lithium
backup.
In addition, the processor itself is driven by an unstabilized ring oscillator operating
over a range of 10 to 20 megahertz, so that the clock frequency of the processor is
not constant and cannot be determined by external means. This differs from the
design of alternative devices in which the processor clock signal is injected by the
reader and is therefore exactly determined by the host processor. External control of
the clock provides a valuable tool to hackers, since they can repetitively cycle such a
processor to the same point in its execution simply by applying the same number of
clock cycles. Control of the clock also affords a means to induce a calculation error
and thereby obtain information that can ultimately reveal secret encryption keys. A
32-kilohertz crystal oscillator is used in the Java iButton to operate the time-of-day
clock at a constant and well-controlled frequency that is independent of the processor
clock. In addition, the processor itself is driven by an unstabilized ring oscillator
operating over a range of 10 to 20 megahertz, so that the clock frequency of the
processor is not constant and cannot be determined by external means. This differs
from the design of alternative devices in which the processor clock signal is injected
by the reader and is therefore exactly determined by the host processor. External
control of the clock provides a valuable tool to hackers, since they can repetitively
cycle such a processor to the same point in its execution simply by applying the same
number of clock cycles. Control of the clock also affords a means to induce a
calculation error and thereby obtain information that can ultimately reveal secret
encryption keys. A 32-kilohertz crystal oscillator is used in the Java iButton to
operate the time-of-day clock at a constant and well-controlled frequency that is
independent of the processor clock.

3.5. IButton
8

Figure 3.5.1: structure of the iButton

The jewel of the java ring is the java iButton .It contains the one million transistor
processor single chip trusted microprocessor with powerful java virtual
machine(JVM) housed in rugged and secure stainless steel case. The Crypto iButton
hardware platform offers a unique set of special features expressly designed to
prevent private keys and other confidential information from becoming available to
hackers. Figure shows a detail of the internal construction of the Crypto iButton. The
silicon die containing the processor, ROM, and NVRAM memory is metallurgically
bonded to the barrier substrate through which all electrical contacts are made. This
barrier substrate and the triple-layermetal construction techniques employed in the
silicon fabrication effectively deny access to the data stored in the NVRAM. If any
attempt is made to penetrate these barriers, the NVRAM data is immediately erased.
This construction technique and the use of NVRAM for the storage of private keys
and other confidential data provides a much higher degree of data security than that
afforded by EEPROM memory. The fact that the communication path between the
Crypto iButton and the outside world is limited to a single data line provides
additional security against hardware attacks by limiting the range of signals
accessible to the hacker.
In addition, the processor itself is driven by an unstabilized ring oscillator operating
over a range of 10 to 20 megahertz, so that the clock frequency of the processor is
not constant and cannot be determined by external means. This differs from the
design of alternative devices in which the processor clock signal is injected by the
reader and is therefore exactly determined by the host processor. External control of
9

the clock provides a valuable tool to hackers, since they can repetitively cycle such a
processor to the same point in its execution simply by applying the same number of
clock cycles. Control of the clock also affords a means to induce a calculation error
and thereby obtain information that can ultimately reveal secret encryption keys. A
32-kilohertz crystal oscillator is used in the Java iButton to operate the time-of-day
clock at a constant and well-controlled frequency that is independent of the processor
clock.
Like a smart card, an iButton does not have an internal power source. It requires
connection to a reader (known as a Blue Dot Receptor) in order to be supplied with
power and to receive input and send output. Unlike some smart cards, there are
currently no contactless iButtons: they require physical contact with a reader to
function.
There are iButtons that measure temperature (for food storage and transport); have an
electronic ID (for physical access to buildings); and store e-cash (for purchases both
in stores and via the web). For e-commerce applications, the iButton can support
Java Card 2.0/OpenCard standards in addition to proprietary software. iButtons have
an advantage over conventional smart cards in term of durability and longevity. The
stainless steel casing gives iButton a far greater ability to survive in arange of
temperatures -- all versions are functional from -40 C to +70 C -- and in a much
harsher range of environments (such as exposure to salt water and long term
exposure to physical impacts) than the plastic smart card. For e-commerce and
personal ID usage, iButtons can be mounted on a range of personal accessories:
watch, ring, key chain, or dog tag.
Among the major successes for the iButton have been its use in Turkey as an epurse
for the mass transit system; in Argentina and Brazil for parking meters; and in the
United States as Blue Mailbox attachments that improve postal efficiency.

10

Figures 3.5.2: Different types of iButtons available in the market

3.6. BLUE DOT RECEPTOR

The read/write operation in the java ring is done by the blue dot receptor provided by
the RS232 serial port adapter. The DS1402D-DR8 is a part of the DS1402 series. It is
a 1-Wire network cable designed to connect any serial or USB 1-Wire port adapter
that has a RJ11 jack with up to two iButtons simultaneously. The DS1402D-DR8
Blue Dot receptor cable can touch any iButton for reading, but can only retain the F5
version iButtons.
Key Features: Coiled cable for connecting iButtons to 1-Wire networks (8 ft when fully

extended).
Convenient, off-the-shelf connectivity.
For momentary (F3/F5 MicroCan) or dwelled contact (F5 MicroCan only).
Adhesive pad for mounting on objects.
Supports for up to two iButtons at once.
Can be used with any EDS host adapter equipped with a RJ11 jack

(HA7Net,HA7E, HA5-xxx-R, and HA4B)

Can be used with any Dallas Semiconductor port adapter. (DS9097E,
DS9097U,DS9490R)

The DS1402 series incorporates four basic types of connectors, 1-Wire RJ-11,
iButton, Touch-and-Hold Probe, and Blue Dot Receptor. The DS1402 series of 111

Wire network cables provides connectivity for iButtons. The cables are designed to
connect any USB, serial or parallel port 1-Wire adapter to any iButton. Both, the
iButton probe cables and the Blue Dot receptor cables can touch any iButton, but can
only hold the F5 version iButtons. The DS1402BR8 is the only cable that connects to
the DS1401 iButton Holder. The applications of the DS1402-series 1-Wire network
cables range from software protection and access control to asset management and
thermal monitoring through handheld computers. IButton and 1-Wire are registered
trademarks of Dallas Semiconductor Corporation. The DS1402D Blue Dot Receptors
are iButton reader/probes that provide a convenient pipeline into the PC for iButtonto-PC communication. The receptor's cable connects to a USB, serial or parallel-port
1- Wire adapter, whichever type of port you wish to use. The receptor itself easily
affixes to any accessible spot on the front of the PC. The user can elect a quick
information transfer with a momentary touch of the iButton to the Blue Dot. For
hands-free operation the iButton can be snapped into the Blue Dot and remain there.
Each receptor contains two Blue Dots to accommodate instances where multiple
iButtons are required for a transaction. A company's policy may, for example, require
both an employee and a supervisor to authenticate access to sensitive information
stored on a network server.

Figures3.6: different types of blue dot receptor in the market

12

3.7. 1-WIRE INTERFACE

By simply touching each of the two contacts we can communicate to any of the
iButtons by using 1-Wire protocol. The 1-Wire interface has two communication
speeds. Standard mode is at 16kbps and overdrive mode at 12kbps. 1-wire protocol is
used for communication between PC and the blue dot receptor over the 1-wire
Network. 1-Wire Network includes a system with a controlling software, Wiring and
connectors.

Figures3.7: 1-Wire Network

13

4. WORKING
Since java ring is programmed with the applets and the programming is done
according to our application and this will specific for the specific user. All
information of the user is stored in the java ring.

Figure 4.1: how java ring is used to open the door

User simply has to press the signet of the java ring against the blue dot receptor and
the system connected to the receptor performs the function that the applets instruct it
to.java ring has the user profile and the same profile is present in the door embedded
system also, when the user press the signet of the java ring against the java ring
reader which is embedded at the handle of the door the data is transferred from the
ring to door system, if the profile is authentic means user is authentic to open the
door the applets president in the ring instruct the door to open. Information is
transferred between iButton and a PC with a momentary contact, at up to 142K bits
per second. To do that one presses iButton to the Blue Dot receptor, a $15 pipeline
into PC. The Blue Dot sticks to any convenient spot on the front of a PC and is
cabled to the serial or parallel port in the back. According to the Dallas
Superconductor's information, over 41 million iButtons are currently in circulation.
List of the major users include the U.S. Post Office, entire truck fleet fitted with
iButtons that track vehicle maintenance; Citizens of Istanbul, Turkey, who store
digital cash in the iButton, using the device as a small change purse on their mass
transit system. It was also said that the U.S. Postal service has approved the
cryptographic iButton as a Postal Security Device to be used in its PC Postage
program that allows individuals to download postage off the Internet and print it
from their own printers
14

Since their introduction, iButton memory devices have been deployed in vast
quantities as rugged portable data carriers, often in harsh environmental conditions.
Among the large-scale uses are as transit fare carriers in Istanbul, Turkey; as
maintenance record carriers on the sides of Ryder trucks; and as mailbox identifiers
inside the mail compartments of the U.S. Postal Service's outdoor mailboxes. They
are worn as earrings by cows in Canada to hold vaccination records, and they are
used by agricultural workers in many areas as rugged substitutes for timecards.
The iButton product line and its many applications are described at Dallas
Semiconductor's iButton Web site, which is listed in the Resources section. Every
iButton product is manufactured with a unique 8-byte serial number and carries a
guarantee that no two parts will ever have the same number. Among the simplest
iButtons are memory devices that can hold files and subdirectories and can be read
and written like small floppy disks. In addition to these, there are iButtons with
password-protected file areas for security applications, iButtons that count the
number of times they have been rewritten for securing financial transactions,
iButtons with temperature sensors, iButtons with continuously running date/time
clocks, and even iButtons containing powerful microprocessors. Information is
transferred between iButton and a PC with a momentary contact, at up to 142K bits
per second. To do that one presses iButton to the Blue Dot receptor, a $15 pipeline
into PC. The Blue Dot sticks to any convenient spot on the front of a PC and is
cabled to the serial or parallel port in the back. According to the Dallas
Superconductor's information, over 41 million iButtons are currently in circulation.
List of the major users include the U.S. Post Office, entire truck fleet fitted with
iButtons that track vehicle maintenance; Citizens of Istanbul, Turkey, who store
digital cash in the iButton, using the device as a small change purse on their mass
transit system. It was also said that the U.S. Postal service has approved the
cryptographic iButton as a Postal Security Device to be used in its PC Postage
program that allows individuals to download postage off the Internet and print it.

15

5. SECURITY
The java ring provides very high degree of security for the confidential data that is
stored in the NVRAM memory. The barrier substrate and the triple layer technique
effectively deny access the unauthorized access to the NVRAM confidential data. In
the worst case if any unauthorized access penetrates the barrier the security processor
detects it and immediately the data which is written in the NVRAM. The Crypto
iButton hardware platform offers a unique set of special features expressly designed
to prevent private keys and other confidential information from becoming available
to hackers.
Figure 1 shows a detail of the internal construction of the Crypto iButton. The silicon
die containing the processor, ROM, and NVRAM memory is metallurgically bonded
to the barrier substrate through which all electrical contacts are made. This barrier
substrate and the triple-layer metal construction techniques employed in the silicon
fabrication effectively deny access to the data stored in the NVRAM. If any attempt
is made to penetrate these barriers, the NVRAM data is immediately erased. This
construction technique and the use of NVRAM for the storage of private keys and
other confidential data provides a much higher degree of data security than that
afforded by EEPROM memory. The fact that the communication path between the
Crypto iButton and the outside world is limited to a single data line provides
additional security against hardware attacks by limiting the range of signals
accessible to the hacker.
In addition, the processor itself is driven by an unstabilized ring oscillator operating
over a range of 10 to 20 mega hertz, so that the clock frequency of the processor is
not constant and cannot be determined by external means. This differs from the
design of alternative devices in which the processor clock signal is injected by the
reader and is therefore exactly determined by the host processor. External control of
the clock provides a valuable tool to hackers, since they can repetitively cycle such a
processor to the same point in its execution simply by applying the same number of
clock cycles.
Control of the clock also affords a means to induce a calculation error and thereby
obtain information that can ultimately reveal secret encryption keys. A 32-kilohertz

16

crystal oscillator is used in the Java iButton to operate the time-of-day clock at a
constant and well-controlled frequency that is independent of the processor clock.

5.1. SECURITY THROUGH JAVA RING IN CAR

Figure 5.1: how java ring is used in security of car

The Sun concept car's security is based on a Java ring that contains a profile of the
user. You connect the Java ring to a ring receptor in the car, and the car knows, based
on your profile, what you are allowed to do. For example, a ring given to a mechanic
or valet allows that person to see the dashboard and drive 40 miles per hour within a
one block radius, but no faster or farther. In a family where both the husband and
wife drive the car, each has individualized settings, so that when they enter the car,
their environments are configured to the profiles on their rings. Java rings are
authorized through Personal Identification Numbers (PINs) so that no one can steal a
person's ring and run off with the car.
Sun representatives are also talking to automakers, which are developing automated
rental cars. In this potential market, a driver can use his or her ring to access a
vehicle and simply leave it when done. Billing, reservations, vehicle monitoring,
vehicle location, and all other functions are done via wireless communication. The
net result is a very inexpensive rental car for local use by residents and tourists. This
will create a new business for rental car companies competing for business travelers
in the saturated airport rental car market.

17

6. APPLICATION
The java ring is used initially as rugged portable data carriers often in harsh
environmental condition. It is used for many real world application e.g. for opening
the door ,in the e-banking application for getting the balance in your account, logging
in your personal computer, providing security in your car. iButton memory devices
have been deployed in vast quantities as rugged portable data carriers, often in harsh
environmental conditions. Among the large-scale uses are as transit fare carriers in
Istanbul, Turkey; as maintenance record carriers on the sides of Ryder trucks; and as
mailbox identifiers inside the mail compartments of the U.S. Postal Service's outdoor
mailboxes. They are worn as earrings by cows in Canada to hold vaccination records,
and they are used by agricultural workers in many areas as rugged substitutes for
timecards.

Figure 6.1: application of java ring for getting account balance of a user through
internet
This demonstration shows how an e-banking application (Jini client) tries to connect
to a bank server (Jini service) to retrieve the current account balance of that user.
Since all bank data must be treated confidential, the bank server interacts with the
security infrastructure that is installed at the bank, before it responds to the
application. The banks security infrastructure demands that the user must
authenticate him to get the permission. Therefore an authentication scheme is started
at user side that asks the user to push her Java Ring on the Java Ring reader. Inside
the Java Ring resides a Java interpreter that executes cryptographic routines to
perform that task. After the authentication process on the Java Ring, the bank knows
the identity of the user and that she is really the one, she pretends to be. Then the

18

bank service can send the confidential and personalized data to the e-banking
application that displays the current account balance.

Figure 6.2: application of java ring for configuring your car component according to
your preferences.
Java rings are authorized through Personal Identification Numbers (PINs) so that no
one can steal a person's ring and run off with the car. Sun representatives are also
talking to automakers that are developing automated rental cars. In this potential
market, a driver can use his or her ring to access a vehicle and simply leave it when
done. Billing, reservations, vehicle monitoring, vehicle location, and all other
functions are done via wireless communication. The net result is a very inexpensive
rental car for local use by residents and tourists. This will create a new business for
rental car companies competing for business travelers in the saturated airport rental
car market.

Figure 6.3: application of java ring in opening the door

19

User simply has to press the signet of the java ring against the blue dot receptor and
the system connected to the receptor performs the function that the applets instruct it
to.java ring has the user profile and the same profile is present in the door embedded
system also, when the user press the signet of the java ring against the java ring
reader which is embedded at the handle of the door the data is transferred from the
ring to door system. If the profile is authentic means user is authentic to open the
door the applets present in the ring instruct the door to open. Information is
transferred between iButton and a PC with a momentary contact, at up to 142K bits
per second. To do that one presses iButton to the Blue Dot receptor, a $15 pipeline
into PC. The Blue Dot sticks to any convenient spot on the front of a PC and is
cabled to the serial or parallel port in the back. According to the Dallas
Superconductor's information, over 41 million iButtons are currently in circulation.
List of the major users include the U.S. Post Office, entire truck fleet fitted with
iButtons that track vehicle maintenance; Citizens of Istanbul, Turkey, who store
digital cash in the iButton, using the device as a small change purse on their mass
transit system. it was also said that the U.S. Postal service has approved the
cryptographic iButton as a Postal Security Device to be used in its PC Postage
program that allows individuals to download postage off the Internet and print it
from their own printers.

20

7. CONCLUSION
Java ring is highly durable because of its rugged and secure stainless packing. It is
used in personal computing. Dallas Semiconductor has produced more than 20
million physically-secure memories and computers with hard-shell packaging
optimized for personal possession. The Java iButton, therefore, is simply the latest
and most complex descendant of a long line of products that have proven they to be
highly successful in the marketplace. With its stainless steel armor, it offers the most
durable packaging for a class of products that likely will suffer heavy use and abuse
as personal possessions. The iButton form factor permits attachment to a wide
variety of personal accessories that includes rings, watchbands, key fobs, wallets,
bracelets, and necklaces, so the user can select a variation that suits his or her
lifestyle.

21

REFERENCES

[1] http://www.javaworld.com
[2] http://www.electronics.howstuffworks.com
[3] http://www.people.uchicago.edu

22