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ENG 101 - Fragments - Explanation

The document defines and provides examples of different types of fragment sentences: dependent word fragments which begin with dependent words like "after" or "because"; "-ing" and "to" fragments which are missing a subject or part of a verb; added-detail fragments beginning with words like "also" or "especially"; and missing subject fragments where the subject is assumed from the previous sentence. It provides strategies for fixing each type of fragment sentence, such as attaching the fragment to the preceding or following complete sentence.

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341 views18 pages

ENG 101 - Fragments - Explanation

The document defines and provides examples of different types of fragment sentences: dependent word fragments which begin with dependent words like "after" or "because"; "-ing" and "to" fragments which are missing a subject or part of a verb; added-detail fragments beginning with words like "also" or "especially"; and missing subject fragments where the subject is assumed from the previous sentence. It provides strategies for fixing each type of fragment sentence, such as attaching the fragment to the preceding or following complete sentence.

Uploaded by

SELAHIKHAN
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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WR 95

Fragment sentences

Definition of a fragment sentence

A group of words that lacks a subject or


a verb and doesnt express a complete
thought is called a fragment sentence.

The four most common types of


fragments are:
Dependent word fragments
-ing and to fragments
Added-detail fragments
Missing subject fragments

Dependent word fragments:


Some word phrases that begin with a
dependent word are fragments. Some
common dependent words include:

After Although As Because


How If Since Unless Until
Where While Whether Who

Before
When
Whose

Dependent-Word fragment

Heres an example of a dependent word


fragment:
After I learned the price of new cars. I
decided to keep my old Buick.

Note that the underlined phrase is a


fragment. Why?

Dependent-Word fragments:

You can correct a dependent word


fragment by completing the thought:

Example: After I learned the price of new


cars, I decided to keep my old Buick.
OR
I decided to keep my old Buick after I
learned the price of new cars.

Dependent-Word fragments:
You can also fix dependent-word
fragments simply by eliminating the
dependent word.
Instead of: After I learned the price of
new cars, I decided to keep my old
Buick.
Rewrite the sentence without the
dependent word: I learned the price of
new cars and decided to keep my old
Buick.

-ing and to fragments:


Sometimes when an ing word starts or
is near the start of a sentence, a
fragment can occur. This type of
fragment often lacks a subject and part
of a verb.
Fragment: I spent almost two hours
yesterday. Trying to find a garage to
repair my car.

-ing and to fragments:

To fix the fragment, attach the ing


phrase to the sentence that comes
before or after it, whichever makes
sense.

Correction: I spent almost two hours


yesterday, trying to find a garage to
repair my car.

-ing and to fragments:

Sometimes a fragment occurs when to


starts or is near the start of a sentence.

Fragment: I plan on working overtime.


To get this job finished.

-ing and to fragments:

To fix the fragment, attach the to phrase


to the sentence that comes before or
after it, whichever makes sense.

Correction: I plan on working overtime


to get this job finished.

Added-detail fragments

Added-detail fragments are missing a


subject and verb and often begin with
one of the following words:
also
such as

except
for example

including
especially

Added-detail fragments

One way to fix an added-detail fragment


is to hook the fragment to the complete
thought that precedes it.

Fragment: I love desserts. Especially


pumpkin pie.
Correction: I love desserts, especially
pumpkin pie.

Added-detail fragments

Another way to correct an added-detail


fragment is to add a subject and verb.

Fragment: I love desserts. Especially


pumpkin pie.
Correction: I love desserts. My favorite
dessert is pumpkin pie.

Missing subject fragments

Missing subject fragments occur when a


writer assumes that the subject in the
previous sentence will apply to the next
sentence. But every sentence must
have a subject and a verb to convey a
complete thought (independent
clause).

Missing subject fragments


To fix a missing subject fragment, add a
subject (noun or pronoun) to the
sentence.
Fragment: The truck skidded on the road.
But missed the oncoming car.

Correction: The truck skidded on the


road. It missed the oncoming car.

Missing subject fragments

You can also fix the missing subject


fragment by attaching it to the preceding
sentence:

Fragment: The truck skidded on the road.


But missed the oncoming car.
Correction: The truck skidded on the road
but missed the oncoming car.

Fragment Sentences

Remember, every sentence must have a


subject (noun=person, place or thing)
and a verb (action word). To be a
complete sentence.

Oops! What kind of fragment just


occurred, and how would you fix it?

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