Ring Out 9 Ring In10
Ring Out 9 Ring In10
Ring Out 9 Ring In10
has shattered our hopes and battered our dreams of an early settlement. The entire
workforce have felt the insult inflicted by IBA, who failed to live upto the expressions
made by IBA Chairman in the first round of discussions held on 22-03-2013 that the
settlement would be concluded at the earliest with reasonable, respectable and
comparable wage revision compared with external factors.
In short we are not hearing sunny sonnets or moonlit melodies of successful
breakthrough in the wage revision , but fumbling by the Government, bungling by IBA
combine , crumbling of industrial peace, grumblings by the customers and rumblings of
a might upsurge of bank employees, who awakened and are in readiness to write history
with blood and tears in 2015.
Yet! It looks as if, all of us are eager to herald the New Year 2015 much more than we
would. Whether it is expectation or escapism is not the point to ponder. Remember a
mere stroke of a midnight clock does not intrinsically effect any change. It is a reminder
that the heaps of tasks are undone and that we should invest all our resources available
for the vitality and progress of our Union. It is a reminder that we should strive to
underwrite the aims and aspirations of our membership into a tangible reality Therefore,
come whatever may be the task before us in 2015 with confidence, that bank employees
and their movement has the will and capacity to achieve, let us continue our onward
march, analyzing the following ground realities, truths, betrayals
, undertaking
introspection and chartering our direction and strategies. Let it be our resolve for 2015.
The report said Forgotten Harshad Mehta? Just as well. The scale of the scandal now
threatening India's economy is vastly greater than the 1994 stock market carnage. The
numbers may seem unreal, but Rs 110,000 crore is actually a conservative government
estimate of the unpaid loansofficially called non-performing assets (NPAs)staining
the books of India's banks and financial institutions.
For vast swathes of corporate India, it's been an era of financial plunder. Then why
Finance Minister Jaswant Singh called NPAs ''loot, and not debt.
The articled underscored the truth that The lenders should first target the largest
defaulters, who have the ability to pay but have shown no willingness to do so, said
then UTI Chairman M. Damodaran. The Finance Minister has assured Parliament that the
new law will be enforced without fear or favour. The message may not have reached
some of his colleagues in Parliament.
FM & EX-FMS: ALL AGREED (This is) loot, not debt...
The provisions of the Act will be enforced without fear or favour. Well start with the
bigger NPAs, and then move to the others Jaswant Singh, then Finance minister if
defaults continue, it will be the end of the financial system. Till now, everything was in
favour of the borrowers. The lenders were being taken for a ride while the defaulting
industrialists flourished Dr Manmohan Singh Former finance minister and RBI
Governor This Act gives unreasonable discretion to the banks. What is also important at
this stage is not to see who have been sent notices, but who have not been. Questions
must be asked why these people have not been sent notices. P. Chidambaram Former
finance minister .If enforcement falters and NPAs continue their rise, it could help send
India towards the kind of financial crises that ravaged the tiger economies two years ago.
But South Korea, Malaysia and Singapore were better off then than India is today.
The proportion of NPAs to total bank advances was at that time about 7 per cent in those
countries in September 2000. Indias figure, as of 2001 was 11 per cent, though Ministry
of Finance (MoF) officials are quick to point out that NPAs of public sector banks, at
least, dropped from 24.7 per cent in 1994 to 11.4 per cent in 2001
In absolute terms, gross NPAs are estimated to touch Rs 2.50 lakh crores by the end of
March this year. This is equal to the size of the budget of Uttar Pradesh. The biggest
chunk of the soured debts is with state-run banks (Public sector banks or PSBs), which
account for two-thirds of loans but 80 % of the bad assets.
This is how the NPA curve has been moving in the recent years, as per a news report in
the Business Standard:
Gross non-performing assets (NPA) of public sector banks rose to Rs 1.76 lakh crore at
the end of June quarter from Rs 1.55 lakh crore at March 31, 2013.
According to global rating agency Standard & Poors, Indias banking sectors non
performing assets (NPA) ratio is likely to surge to 3.9 per cent of total loans in 2013-14
and to 4.4 per cent in 2014-15, compared with 3.4 per cent in fiscal 2012-13.
The then Minister of State for Finance Namo Narain Meena, in a written reply in the
Rajya Sabha, said the NPAs of banks have shown a rising trend. The stress on the asset
quality is a reflection of the stress in the economy of the country.
The then financial secretary Rajiv Takru in a reference to a Cobrapost expose on how
bank officials bent rules for customers said. Bankers reckless, casual as bad loans rise.
Bankers are being reckless and casual towards lending, finance secretary Rajiv
Takru said on Wednesday, blaming them for increasing bad loans.
The government may increase the maximum penalty possible on banks for breaking
rules to Rs.500 crore from the current Rs.1 crore. Takrus comments come a day after
4
Reserve Bank of India governor D. Subbarao described the banking penalty cap in India
at Rs.1 crore as peanuts.
Sometime ago, in a paper on corporate debt restructuring, Reserve Bank of India Deputy
Governor K.C. Chakrabarty quoted statistics that revealed that the restructured advances
ratio to gross advances had gone up from 4.87 per cent in March 2009 (a year after the
financial crisis peaked) to 8.24 per cent in March 2012. By the 201213 financial yearend, it shot up to 10 per cent. Today, the estimated gross outstanding advances are
pegged at Rs.50 lakh crore, putting the restructured debt figure at roughly Rs.5 lakh
crore, compared to Rs.2 lakh crore as recorded four years ago he added...
The increasing cases of defaults and delayed debt recoveries have even attracted the
attention of the Finance Ministry, which, a few days ago, asked the banks to carry out
viability assessment of proposed projects, independent of the appraisals by leading banks,
before granting loan approvals. The Minister had also recently said if the promoters were
unable to pay back loans, they should be made to give up the management of the
company
The Hindu on August 16, 2013 covered a news item CBI opens probe into firms
defaulting on public sector banks. The media reported
These business houses secured huge loans from the banks after the 2008 financial
crisis, but either defaulted or escaped by restructuring the loans. Big business houses
that secured huge loans from public sector banks post2008 financial crisis, but defaulted
on repayments or charted an escape route through multiple restructuring of bad loans,
have now come under the Central Bureau of Investigations scanner for suspected willful
misappropriation of public money, running into thousands of crores. An inquiry has been
initiated into the public sector bank loan nonperforming assets (NPAs) to understand the
magnitude of the problem, which basically concerns the Finance Ministry. Big business
houses have in the past procured loans worth thousands of crores and it is suspected that
in several cases they have either defaulted or got the loans restructured, resulting in
further delay in loan recovery by the financial institutions. Whether it amounted to willful
misappropriation leading to embezzlement of public money has to be enquired into, a
senior CBI official told.The official said the agencys banking division had already
started an internal inquiry. It is only after we get to know the magnitude of the issue that
we can zero in on specific business houses to ascertain their role in bank debt nonrecovery. Sadly, we have noticed that the bleeding banks, due to various reasons, do not
usually come forward to lodge complaints seeking a probe. This exercise will throw light
on the irregularities, if any, in the process of loan grant and non-recovery / restructuring,
he added. The CBI, which has also sought expansion of its banking probe division, has
engaged experts as consultants for financial investigations. The soaring NPAs on account
of bad loans have in the recent past resulted in a huge setback to financial institutions,
especially public sector banks.
Finance Minister Arun Jaitley said on5-12-2014 In view of the major increase in their
non-performing assets (NPA), banks are taking a number of steps against wilful
defaulters to recover loans, "It is normal for the banks to have 2-3 percent of NPA. But in
the last 2-3 years, the NPA has increased substantially and gone up to 6 percent. Stress
assets have also been increased," Jaitley told the Lok Sabha during the question hour.
5
Actions have been initiated against those who have failed to repay the loan amount under
various provisions of the Indian Penal Code and civil laws, he added.
http://www.newindianexpress.com/business/news/Banks-Battling-Big-Spurt-in-BadLoans-Arun-Jaitley/2014/12/05/article2556676.ece
The report added the percentage of gross non-performing assets (GNPAs) for the banking
sector is expected to worsen from 3.9 percent of advances in fiscal 2013-14 to about 44.2 percent in 2014-15, Moody's analyst ICRA has said in a report
The New Indian Express Dec 29, 2014 reported Loan Write Offs for Large Public
Sector Banks May Soon be History writing off a loan is never an easy option for any
bank. . It was informed in the parliament .A whopping Rs 42,447 crore write off and
restructuring of loans in the year to March 31, 2014 by public sector banks was surely
no music for banks, the government or investors. Write-offs in 2012-13 was Rs 32,992
crore and in 2011-12 Rs 20,752 crore. Cumulatively over the past five years, state-run
banks wrote off loans of as much as Rs 106,170 crore.
(Source: http://www.livemint.com/Industry/jssFqXkiYkrnxyGubF3DXK/PSU-bankswrite-off-over-106-trillion-in-last-five-years.html?utm_source=copy
And above all There are reports in news papers that soon after Prime Minister launched
the scheme Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana on this independence day Sources in the
finance ministry said that the PMO is keeping a watch on banks' rising NPAs, estimated
to be Rs 2 lakh crore. Source: (See: DNA Friday, 29 August 2014,
http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-day-1-of-pm-narendra-modi-s-mantra-to-endfinancial-untouchability-sees-15-crore-bank-accounts-created-2014554)
The high end loan-owners, most of whom are builders, manufacturers or managing
educational or medical institutions, account for 78 per cent of bad banking across the
nation, going by statistics provided by 26 nationalised banks to an RTI query by a Thanebased chartered account.
The affluent borrowers which total up to a miniscule 969 accounts, have collectively
defaulted on their scheduled loan repayments exceeding Rs 78,000 crore to the lending
banks as on December 2011. A vast majority of the defaulters -- 49.23 lakhs as on
December 2011-- across the nation were responsible for a gross Non Performing Asset
(NPA) of just over Rs 22,000 crore or a mere 22 per cent of the bad debts.
It means that people who borrow less pay more in interests and capital to the banks. But
those who borrow more have no liability whatsoever to repay their loans. Any person
who defaults on small or medium loans taken for his house, car or any entrepreneurial
venture has to face such humiliation from bank-appointed recovery agents and bank
officials that it leaves an imprint on his psyche. However, people who virtually rob banks
of crores of rupees go scot free despite all the half-hearted attempts by the banks to
recover the amount.
6
That is the reason we euphemistically define the acronym CDR as Cruel Denial of
Recoveries and / Consensus delay for recoveries and /or CRUEL DENIAL OF
REVISONS (OF WAGES)
Thus It is an irrefutable fact that cumulatively over the past five years,( i.e. from the
period of effect of 10 bipartite emphasis !) state-run banks wrote off loans of as much
as Rs 106,170 crore( Rs1.6 trillion )
NOTE:
On million= 1000 000 = 10 00 000 = 10 lakh
one thousand million is billion (9 zeros)
1000 000 000 = 100 00 00 000 = 100 crores
one thousand billion is trillion (12 zeros)
1000 000 000 000
1 Crore
(1,00,00,000)
100
Lakhs
1 Lakh
(1,00,000)
0.01
Crores
1 Million
(1,000,000)
0.1
Crores
1 Crore
(1,00,00,000)
10
Million
1 Billion
(1,000,000,000)
100
Crores
1 Crore
(1,00,00,000)
0.01
Billion
A good question to ask, before that is done, is: who were the people sitting on its board
when these loans were given, where are the defaulters now and do their personal wealth,
lifestyles, match the bankruptcy of their lender? If it doesnt, why should we tax-payers
fund its revival?
But banks are always known to lose money and big banks lose big money. So, if you still
think why you should bother, here is a story former Prime Minister V.P. Singh used to
tell in the Allahabad parliamentary bye-election of June 1988 to explain to mostly
illiterate villagers why they should be angry about the Bofors scandal.
Your house has been burgled, he would say, and then explain how. When you buy a
matchbox for 50 paise, five paise go to the government as tax. With this the government
builds your roads, hospitals, bridges, schools, buys guns for your army. This is your
money. It has been stolen. Thats why I say, your house has been burgled.
What should worry us the sheer extent of the exposure to such accounts. Losses to
the tune of Rs 10,000 crores in just two accounts will shake the whole industry.
Even the wage revision due from November 2012 will be affected It will be the
Honest , hard working who will suffer - more pressures for profits, denial of decent
wage hike, no updation of bank pension etc. The total employees in the banking
sector (private as well as public sector) are about 9,00,000. Do you know that how
much loss of Rs 10,000 crores will work out per employee of banking industry as a
whole. It is about Rs 1,11,000/-. Thus, if banks fail to recover from these
companies, then each one of you (each peon, each clerk and each officer in the
banking industry) will lose more than Rs 1 lakh.
The cost of 25% increase in wage load demanded by unions
will work out to
mere infinitesimal fraction of the recovery of the restructured loans as on 31-032012 and cumulated write off over the last 5 years as stated above. Which would
have been otherwise not classified as of NPAs without costing any additional
exchequer to the banks if they have the will to recover! Is not now our demand is
just.
The only bright side of the 1992 scamit revolutionised the market infrastructure,
Too little has been recovered and too many cases are unresolved, reducing the scam
trial to a farce .Justice or Farce?
What a far cry all this is from 1956, when Justice MC Chagla said after the Haridas
Mundhra scandal: After very anxious consideration I have decided that this enquiry
should be held in public. A public enquiry constitutes a very important safeguard for
ensuring that the decision will be fair and impartial. The public is entitled to know on
what evidence the decision is based. Members of the public will also be in a position to
come forward at any stage to throw more light on the facts disclosed by the evidence.
Justice should never be cloisteredit should be administered in broad daylight. He also
10
decided to take evidence on oath so that those who gave evidence did so with a sense of
responsibility and the knowledge of the consequences of giving false testimony. The
Mundhra enquiry was wrapped up in two years, including the appeal to the Supreme
Court. That record has never been repeated in the 56 years since that scandal.
The sheer quantum of the NPAs, a mild euphemism for outstanding loans owed to banks
by persistent defaulters, is mind-boggling although there may be some cases where for
genuine reasons advances have become NPAs, in most cases borrowers turn defaulters
wilfully.
Instead taking drastic and stringent action is taken against defaulters such as:
confiscation of the properties of wilful defaulters, imprisonment, and blacklisting
for all future advances and loans the government and bankers have resorted often
to bail out packages, including this preposterous , retrograde step of setting up of
holding companies as mentioned above to raise capital to provision for NPAs
present and future, which is bound to cause increase in NPA time and again .
CONCLUSION
It is pertinent to point out her that while merry go round of write offs, NPA, CDR have
risen over the past 5 years as mentioned above Contrary to the general impression that
labour cost and wage expenses are going up, it would be observed as shown below that
over the years, the ratio of wages to total expenses has slided down.
%
14.66
13.88
14.79
17.50
13.72
In all the previous settlements salary increase was given a load to total establishment
expenses. In this wage negotiations we have been offered on fixed pay components.
As against the total establishment expenses of Rs.56292 crores the pay slip
component is only Rs.31503 crores.
In other words pay slip component / establishment expense = 55.96%
We shall now explain the concepts pay slip cost and establishment cost on reverse
logic terms in the 9th bipartite IBA offered (for award staff) Rs 2577 crores or
11
Demand
Payslip cost
in %
Payslip cost in
Rs. (in crores )
Establishment
cost in %
Establishment
cost in Rs
( in crores)
11%
3465
18.69%
10520
Unions demand
25%
7875
42.48
23912
Difference (for
which stalemate
continues )
14%
4410
23.79
13391
In absolute terms our just demand of 25% increase in pay slip components it will
work out just fraction of decimal of of amount of Rs 106,170 crore( Rs1.6
trillion)written off NPAs of corporate borrowers by state owned banks if we calculate
on the difference between IBA offer and unions demand for which stalemate
persists it will mere infinitesimal , atomized figure which the bank employees
THE PERFORMING ASSETS assures the Government they will recover from the
defaulters no holds barred in express time. That is the reason we aver that our
demand is sacrosanct!
REJECTION OR NON CONSIDERATION OF OUR JUST, REASONABLE
DEMAND BY THE GOVT/ IBA COMBINE IS MENDACIOUS, PERFIDIOUS
AND PREPOSTEROUS.
War drums beat. Bugle blow in January 2015 and the army of bank employees have
awakened from their slumber to seize justice form unyielding hands. Success will be
ours. Remember! No rights are ever won without fighting for it, no drams are ever
realised without struggling for it.
Bhagvad Gita taught us to do our duty as per our convictions, with faith.
We cannot lose faith. We have to believe in the possibility of better service
conditions, happy life and therefore happy society. We have to prepare our hearts
and minds for this faith and struggle.
S.Srinivasan
Retired Bank Unionist
13