4POW1 041120049 TMA1 Commented

TEE202/05 POWER ELECTRONICS
AND DRIVES
TMA 1
(5 SEPTEMBER, 2014)
Regional Office:
PENANG
Tutors name:
MR.TEOH KUNG YU
Student name:
S.NANIGESWARAN S/O SANDARASIGERAN
Student ID:
041120049
Hand phone No:
017-4323792
Question 1 (20 marks)
List four main applications of power electronics.

-
(4 marks)
Industrial : Industrial furnaces, blowers and fans, pumps

and compressors.
Residential : Air conditioning, cooking, lighting,
refrigerators.
Transportation : traction control of electric vehicles, street
cars, automotive electronics.
Aerospace : Space shuttle power supplies Satellite power
supplies.
- High power conversion equipment such as dc transmission

- Everyday application such as cordless screw driver or power
supplies for notebook computer
1. DC/DC converter are used in most mobile devices(mobile
phone, pda and etc) to maintain the voltage at fixed value
whatever the change level of the battery is. These
converters are also used for electronic isolation and power
factor correction
2.
AC/DC converter rectifiers are used every time an

electronic devices is connected to the mains(computer,
television and etc.
3. AC/AC converters are used to change either the voltage

level or the frequency international (power adapters, light
dimmer). In power distribution network AC/AC converters
may be used to exchange power between utility frequency
50 Hz and 60Hz power cycle.
4. DC/AC converters (inverters) are used primarily in UPS or
emergency light. During normal electricity condition, the
electricity will change the DC battery. During blackout time,
the DC battery will be used to produce AC electricity at its
output to power up the appliances.
In linear circuit, the voltage source is vs = 12sin(103t + 24) V.
i. What is the angular frequency of the voltage?
(3 marks)
angular frequency 2 f
2 0.159 Hz
103
ii. What is the frequency of the source?

Frequency
(3 marks)
1
T
1
6.28ms
f 0.159 Hz
f
iii. Find the period of the voltage.
The period
2
10000
T 6.28ms
(3 marks)
iv. Express source voltage vs in cosine form.
(3 marks)
12sin( 3 24 90)
12 cos(103 66)
v. Determine vs at t = 2.5ms.
12sin(103 t 24)
12sin(1000 2.5 10 3 24)
12sin(2.5 24)
12sin(143.2 24)
12sin(167.2) 2.65 V
(4 marks)
Figure 1
Figure 1 shows a full-wave sinusoidal waveform. Given the peak

value of the current waveform is Ip = 100A, To = 8.3ms and period
T = 16.67ms, calculate:-
i. The rms current I rms
Irms
Ip
2
(3 marks)
Ip
2
100
2
70.71
ii. The average current I avg 2
I avg 2
Ip
100
2
63.66 A
Ip
(3 marks)
Figure 2
Figure 2 shows a pulsed sinusoidal waveform. Given the peak

value of the current waveform is Ip = 100A with duty cycle k = 50%
and period T = 16.67ms, calculate:-
i. The rms current I rms I p
I rms I p
(3 marks)
k
.
2
k
2
0.5
2
100 0.5 50
100
ii. The average current I avg
I avg
Ip
100
31.83 A
Ip
(3 marks)
Figure 3
Figure 3 shows a phase controlled sinusoidal waveform. Given

the peak value of the current waveform is I p = 100A with duty
cycle k = 80% and period T = 16.67ms, calculate the rms current,
I rms .
Hint:
To kT
0.8 16.67
1.3336 10 3
I rms
k sin To (1 k ) cos (1 k )
Ip
2
2
1
2
0.8 sin1.3336 10 3 (1 0.8) cos (1 0.8)

100
2
2
40
1
2
20
1
2
(8 marks)
The branch current in an RLC circuit is described by the

differential equation
d2v
dv
4
4 v 0 subject to the initial
2
dt
dt
condition v(0) = 1 and dv(0)/dt = -1.
i. Determine the characteristic equation.
(2 marks)
d 2v
dv
4 4v 0
2
dt
dt
v 4v 4v 0
r 2 4r 4 0
( r 2)(r 2) 0
r 2
(8 marks)
ii. Find v(t) for t > 0.
Substitute the initial condition into equation
Figure 4
Figure 4 shows a simple RC circuit. Find the ac output voltage vo(t)

and express it in time domain.
(10 marks)
A trapezoidal wave form is shown in Figure 5. Find the average

value of this waveform.
(5 marks)
Figure 5
Time period , T 2
T 2
Half time period , 1
2 2
t 2 0t 1
f (t )
1t 2
0
Vavg
1
I2
f (t ) dt
(t 2)dt
0
t2
2t
2
0
1
20
2
5
2
2.5V
Find the Fourier series of the periodic waveform shown in Figure

6.
(15 marks)
Figure 6
t , 0 t 1
0, 1 t 2
f (t )
Since T 2, 0 2 / T .Then
a0
T
1
2
1
1
1 t2
f
(
t
)
dt
t
dt
0
dt
1 2 2
T 0
2 0
an
2
f (t ) cos n0t dt
T 0
1
0
1
4
1
2
2
t cos n t dt 0 cos n t dt
2 0
1
1
1
cos n t
sin n t
2
n
n
1
0
1 1
1
2 2 (cos n 1) 0 sin 2 2
n
n
n
Since cos n ( 1) ; and
n
2
bn f (t )sin n0t dt
T 0
1
2
2
t sin n t dt 0sin n t dt
2 0
1
1
1
sin n t
cos n t 01
2
n
n
n 1
cos n (1)
0
n
n
subtituting the Fourier coefficients just found into
1 (1) 1
(1) n 1
f (t )
cos
n
sin
n
4 n 1 (n ) 2
n
Describe the operation of a DIAC and its characteristics. You may

draw diagrams to illustrate your answers.
(5 marks)
The DIAC is a two terminal semiconductor switching

device that can be conduct in both forward and reverse
polarities. The main function of DIAC is to improve
operation of alternating current power switching system.
The name of DIAC its contracting of Diode Alternating
Current, its mainly use in dimmer application and also in
starter circuit for florescent lamps and widely used to
assist even triggering of TRIAC when use in AC switches.
The operation of DIAC
-
Its conduct ON only when the applied voltage

exceeds the break over voltage designated VBO.
When the device exceeds this break-overvoltage, it

enters the region of negative dynamic resistance.
The diode remain in conduction state until the current

trough it drops what is term the holding current, which is
normally designated by the letters IH.
Calculate the rms value and the power applied by a TRIAC to a

10 load from 230 Vrms 50Hz with a control period of 50.0ms
(15 marks)
when the TRIAC triggering time is 25ms.
Given
RL 10 ,Vs 230V , f 50 H z ,Vm 230 2
360 f t
360 50 5
90
1

2
sin 2
2
2
V0( rms ) Vm
230 2
1

2
2
1
0
230 2 2
2
230 2(0.5)
162.63V
V
I 0( rms ) 0( rms )
RL
162.63
10
16.263 A
P ( I 0( rms ) ) 2 RL
( I 0( rms ) ) 2 10
2644.85watt.
2
2
sin 2

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TEE202/05 POWER ELECTRONICS

S.NANIGESWARAN S/O SANDARASIGERAN

Hand phone No:

Question 1 (20 marks)

List four main applications of power electronics.

Industrial : Industrial furnaces, blowers and fans, pumps

- High power conversion equipment such as dc transmission

AC/DC converter rectifiers are used every time an

3. AC/AC converters are used to change either the voltage

i. What is the angular frequency of the voltage?

ii. What is the frequency of the source?

iii. Find the period of the voltage.

iv. Express source voltage vs in cosine form.

Question 2 (20 marks)

Figure 1 shows a full-wave sinusoidal waveform. Given the peak

i. The rms current I rms

ii. The average current I avg 2

Figure 2 shows a pulsed sinusoidal waveform. Given the peak

i. The rms current I rms I p

ii. The average current I avg

Figure 3 shows a phase controlled sinusoidal waveform. Given

0.8 sin1.3336 10 3 (1 0.8) cos (1 0.8)

Question 3 (20 marks)

The branch current in an RLC circuit is described by the

condition v(0) = 1 and dv(0)/dt = -1.

i. Determine the characteristic equation.

ii. Find v(t) for t > 0.

Substitute the initial condition into equation

Figure 4 shows a simple RC circuit. Find the ac output voltage vo(t)

Question 4 (20 marks)

A trapezoidal wave form is shown in Figure 5. Find the average

Find the Fourier series of the periodic waveform shown in Figure

Question 5 (20 marks)

Describe the operation of a DIAC and its characteristics. You may

The DIAC is a two terminal semiconductor switching

Its conduct ON only when the applied voltage

When the device exceeds this break-overvoltage, it

The diode remain in conduction state until the current

Calculate the rms value and the power applied by a TRIAC to a

when the TRIAC triggering time is 25ms.

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