Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 67 views

    Homework1 13

    Uploaded by

    alialavi2
    This document provides homework problems on fluid mechanics. Problem 1 involves calculating the temperature field over time for an observer moving at a constant speed in different directions in a region with a north-south temperature gradient and wind. Problem 2 uses tensor notation to show relationships between velocity and acceleration. Problem 3 analyzes the velocity, acceleration, incompressibility, and stress of a standing surface gravity wave over a fluid layer.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Homework1 13

    Uploaded by

    alialavi2
    67 views2 pages
    This document provides homework problems on fluid mechanics. Problem 1 involves calculating the temperature field over time for an observer moving at a constant speed in different directions in a region with a north-south temperature gradient and wind. Problem 2 uses tensor notation to show relationships between velocity and acceleration. Problem 3 analyzes the velocity, acceleration, incompressibility, and stress of a standing surface gravity wave over a fluid layer.

    Original Description:

    lk

    Original Title

    Homework1_13

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    This document provides homework problems on fluid mechanics. Problem 1 involves calculating the temperature field over time for an observer moving at a constant speed in different directions in a region with a north-south temperature gradient and wind. Problem 2 uses tensor notation to show relationships between velocity and acceleration. Problem 3 analyzes the velocity, acceleration, incompressibility, and stress of a standing surface gravity wave over a fluid layer.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    67 views2 pages

    Homework1 13

    Uploaded by

    alialavi2
    This document provides homework problems on fluid mechanics. Problem 1 involves calculating the temperature field over time for an observer moving at a constant speed in different directions in a region with a north-south temperature gradient and wind. Problem 2 uses tensor notation to show relationships between velocity and acceleration. Problem 3 analyzes the velocity, acceleration, incompressibility, and stress of a standing surface gravity wave over a fluid layer.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    You are on page 1of 2

    Homework problem 1(3p.

    ), Fluid Mechanics SG2214


    Due Sept 16, 2013
    Be careful to explain and motivate each non-trivial step of the solution to these problems.
    1. (1 p.) In the morning, at t=0 say, the temperature increases southwards in Sweden at a rate
    of T L [K/m]. A wind from the north blowing at U [m/s] brings cold air with it. However,
    radiation from the sun and ground heats the air, such that material air particles, going with the
    wind, increase their temperature with time at a given constant rate [K/s].
    Let T = 0.36 K/hour, U=2 m/s and T L = 0.1 K/km.
    a) What is the time derivative of temperature for a stationary observer in [K/hour]?
    b) In what direction, and at what speed should an observer move in order to experience a
    constant temperature?
    c) Find an explicit expression for the temperature field in Eulerian coordinates with one
    space dimension if T (t = 0, x = 0) = T0 = 280 K.
    2. (1 p.) Use tensor notation to show that if

    and

    , then

    a)
    b)   (  u) = u  
        u
    c)    =  2u
    d) u   = (

    u u
    )  u  u
    2

    3. (1 p.) Consider the two-dimensional flow field given by

    u = a

    ] sin kx sin t

    cosh k ( y + H )
    sinh [ kH ]

    ( ) ( ),

    v = a

    ] cos kx

    sinh k ( y + H )
    sinh [ kH ]

    ( ) sin (t )

    The flow field is a linear model for a standing surface gravity wave on a water layer of depth
    H above a horizontal plane wall at y= -H, where a is the small constant amplitude of the wave
    surface at
    y =  ( x, t)  a cos(kx) cos(t) .
    u is the horizontal velocity component and v is the vertical component. Such a wave can be
    generated by the superposition of a travelling wave and its reflection on a vertical wall.  is
    the frequency of the wave and k=2/ is the wave number ( is wavelength). A visualization
    of the fluid particle trajectories can be found at:
    http://www.atmos.washington.edu/2006Q4/505/trajectories_standing_wave.jpg
    There is also a movie on You Tube to watch:
    http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NpEevfOU4Z8

    a) Sketch the surface of the wave at time t=0. What is the velocity field t=0? Calculate the
    acceleration of a fluid particle at the surface at t=0.
    b) Make a sketch of the instantaneous streamlines at t=/2 that includes the origin and
    axes of the coordinate system. Calculate u and v for kx = 0,  / 2,  , 3 / 2 at t=/2
    and indicate how this agrees qualitatively with the streamline pattern. Calculate the
    acceleration of a fluid particle at kx=/2.
    c) Show that the flow field is incompressible.
    d) Calculate the velocity gradient tensor

    e) Separate the flow field in its local translation, rotation and deformation for a fluid
    element at the bottom of the fluid layer at y= -H. (Note that the wave amplitude, , is
    assumed much smaller than both the depth, H, and the wavelength, .) Illustrate this
    qualitatively for a small square aligned with the Cartesian coordinate axes at the phases
    kx = 0,  / 2,  , 3 / 2 and at t=/2. The relative motion may be written
    ,
    where
    f)

    is the infinitesimal position vector relative to the point in question.

    Assume the fluid is Newtonian with viscosity and calculate the stress vector Ri(x,t) at a
    horizontal surface element next to the bottom surface at y=-H if the pressure field is
    given by
    cosh k y + H
    p = p atm  gy + ga
    cos kx cos t .
    cosh kH

    [(

    [ ]

    )]

    ( ) ( )

    g) Does the flow field satisfy the boundary conditions of a Newtonian viscous fluid at the
    bottom wall?

    You might also like

    pFad - Phonifier reborn

    Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

    Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


    Alternative Proxies:

    Alternative Proxy

    pFad Proxy

    pFad v3 Proxy

    pFad v4 Proxy