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11. Creating Other Schema

Objects
Exam Objects:

Create simple and complex views

Retrieve data from views
Create, maintain, and use sequences
Create and maintain indexes
Create private and public synonyms

Bits:
-------------------------------------------QUESTION NO: 21
Which two statements are true about sequences created in a single instance database?
(Choose two.)
A. CURRVAL is used to refer to the last sequence number that has been generated
B. DELETE <sequencename> would remove a sequence from the database
C. The numbers generated by a sequence can be used only for one table
D. When the MAXVALUE limit for a sequence is reached, you can increase the
MAXVALUE limit by using the ALTER SEQUENCE statement
E. When a database instance shuts down abnormally, the sequence numbers that have
been cached but not used would be available once again when the database instance is
restarted
Answer: A,D
Explanation:
Gaps in the Sequence
Although sequence generators issue sequential numbers without gaps, this action
occurs independent of a commit or rollback. Therefore, if you roll back a statement
containing a sequence, the number is lost.
Another event that can cause gaps in the sequence is a system crash. If the sequence
caches values in memory, those values are lost if the system crashes.
Because sequences are not tied directly to tables, the same sequence can be used for
multiple tables.
However, if you do so, each table can contain gaps in the sequential numbers.
Modifying a Sequence

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If you reach the MAXVALUE limit for your sequence, no additional values from the
sequence are allocated and you will receive an error indicating that the sequence
exceeds the MAXVALUE. To continue to use the sequence, you can modify it by using
the ALTER SEQUENCE statement
To remove a sequence, use the DROP statement:
DROP SEQUENCE dept_deptid_seq;

QUESTION NO: 22
The ORDERS TABLE belongs to the user OE. OE has granted the SELECT privilege on
the ORDERS table to the user HR.
Which statement would create a synonym ORD so that HR can execute the following
query successfully?
SELECT * FROM ord;
A. CREATE SYNONYM ord FOR orders; This command is issued by OE.
B. CREATE PUBLIC SYNONYM ord FOR orders; This command is issued by OE.
C. CREATE SYNONYM ord FOR oe.orders; This command is issued by the database
administrator.
D. CREATE PUBLIC SYNONYM ord FOR oe.orders; This command is issued by the
database administrator.
Answer: D
Explanation:
Creating a Synonym for an Object
To refer to a table that is owned by another user, you need to prefix the table name with
the name of the user who created it, followed by a period. Creating a synonym
eliminates the need to qualify the object name with the schema and provides you with
an alternative name for a table, view, sequence, procedure, or other objects.
This method can be especially useful with lengthy object names, such as views.
In the syntax:
PUBLIC Creates a synonym that is accessible to all users synonym Is the name of the
synonym to be created object Identifies the object for which the synonym is created
Guidelines
The object cannot be contained in a package.
A private synonym name must be distinct from all other objects that are owned by the
same user.
If you try to execute the following command (alternative B, issued by OE):

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QUESTION NO: 24
Examine the statement:
Create synonym emp for hr.employees;
What happens when you issue the statement?
A. An error is generated.
B. You will have two identical tables in the HR schema with different names.
C. You create a table called employees in the HR schema based on you EMP table.
D. You create an alternative name for the employees table in the HR schema in your
own schema.
Answer: D
Explanation:

QUESTION NO: 45
You work as a database administrator at ABC.com. You study the exhibit carefully.
Exhibit:

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You want to create a SALE_PROD view by executing the following SQL statements:

Which statement is true regarding the execution of the above statement?

A. The view will be created and you can perform DLM operations on the view
B. The view will not be created because the join statements are not allowed for creating
a view
C. The view will not be created because the GROUP BY clause is not allowed for
creating a view
D. The view will be created but no DML operations will be allowed on the view
Answer: D
Explanation:
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Rules for Performing DML Operations on a View

You cannot add data through a view if the view includes:
Group functions
A GROUP BY clause
The DISTINCT keyword
The pseudocolumn ROWNUM keyword
Columns defined by expressions
NOT NULL columns in the base tables that are not selected by the view

QUESTION NO: 48
Which two statements are true regarding views? (Choose two.)
A. A sub query that defines a view cannot include the GROUP BY clause
B. A view is created with the sub query having the DISTINCT keyword can be updated
C. A Data Manipulation Language (DML) operation can be performed on a view that is
created with the sub query having all the NOT NULL columns of a table
D. A view that is created with the sub query having the pseudo column ROWNUM
keyword cannot be updated
Answer: C,D
Explanation:
Rules for Performing DML Operations on a View
You cannot add data through a view if the view includes:
Group functions
A GROUP BY clause
The DISTINCT keyword
The pseudocolumn ROWNUM keyword
Columns defined by expressions
NOT NULL columns in the base tables that are not selected by the view
QUESTION NO: 54
Which statements are correct regarding indexes? (Choose all that apply.)
A. For each data manipulation language (DML) operation performed, the corresponding
indexes are automatically updated.
B. A nondeferrable PRIMARY KEY or UNIQUE KEY constraint in a table automatically
creates a unique index.
C. A FOREIGN KEY constraint on a column in a table automatically creates a non
unique key
D. When a table is dropped, the corresponding indexes are automatically dropped
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Answer: A,B,D
Explanation:

QUESTION NO: 58
You are currently located in Singapore and have connected to a remote database in
Chicago.
You issue the following command:
Exhibit:

PROMOTIONS is the public synonym for the public database link for the
PROMOTIONS table.
What is the outcome?
A. Number of days since the promo started based on the current Singapore data and
time.
B. An error because the ROUND function specified is invalid
C. An error because the WHERE condition specified is invalid
D. Number of days since the promo started based on the current Chicago data and time
Answer: D
Explanation:

QUESTION NO: 62
Which object privileges can be granted on a view?
A. none
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B. DELETE, INSERT,SELECT
C. ALTER, DELETE, INSERT, SELECT
D. DELETE, INSERT, SELECT, UPDATE
Answer: D
Explanation: Object privilege on VIEW is DELETE, INSERT, REFERENCES, SELECT
and UPDATE.
Incorrect answer:
AObject privilege on VIEW is DELETE, INSERT, REFERENCES, SELECT and
UPDATE
BObject privilege on VIEW is DELETE, INSERT, REFERENCES, SELECT and
UPDATE
CObject privilege on VIEW is DELETE, INSERT, REFERENCES, SELECT and
UPDATE
Refer: Introduction to Oracle9i: SQL, Oracle University Study Guide, 13-12

QUESTION NO: 82
Which statement is true regarding synonyms?
A. Synonyms can be created only for a table
B. Synonyms are used to reference only those tables that are owned by another user
C. The DROP SYNONYM statement removes the synonym and the table on which the
synonym
has been created becomes invalid
D. A public synonym and a private synonym can exist with the same name for the same
table
Answer: D
Explanation:

QUESTION NO: 90
You are currently located in Singapore and have connected to a remote database in
Chicago. You issue the following command:
Exhibit:

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PROMOTIONS is the public synonym for the public database link for the
PROMOTIONS table.
What is the outcome?
A. Number of days since the promo started based on the current Chicago data and time
B. Number of days since the promo started based on the current Singapore data and
time.
C. An error because the WHERE condition specified is invalid
D. An error because the ROUND function specified is invalid
Answer: A
Explanation:

QUESTION NO: 92
Evaluate the following SQL statements:
Exhibit:

You issue the following command to create a view that displays the IDs and last names
of the sales staff in the organization.
Exhibit:

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Which two statements are true regarding the above view? (Choose two.)
A. It allows you to update job IDs of the existing sales staff to any other job ID in the
EMPLOYEES table
B. It allows you to delete details of the existing sales staff from the EMPLOYEES table
C. It allows you to insert rows into the EMPLOYEES table
D. It allows you to insert IDs, last names, and job IDs of the sales staff from the view if it
is used in multitable INSERT statements
Answer: B,D
Explanation:

QUESTION NO: 103

See the Exhibit and examine the structure of ORD table:
Exhibit:

Evaluate the following SQL statements that are executed in a user session in the
specified order:
CREATE SEQUENCE ord_seq;
SELECT ord_seq.nextval
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FROM dual;
INSERT INTO ord
VALUES (ord_seq.CURRVAL, 25-jan-2007,101);
UPDATE ord
SET ord_no= ord_seq.NEXTVAL
WHERE cust_id =101;
What would be the outcome of the above statements?
A. All the statements would execute successfully and the ORD_NO column would
contain the value 2 for the CUST_ID 101.
B. The CREATE SEQUENCE command would not execute because the minimum value
and maximum value for the sequence have not been specified.
C. The CREATE SEQUENCE command would not execute because the starting value
of the sequence and the increment value have not been specified.
D. All the statements would execute successfully and the ORD_NO column would have
the value 20 for the CUST_ID 101 because the default CACHE value is 20.
Answer: A
Explanation:

QUESTION NO: 105

Examine the structure of the EMPLOYEES table:
EMPLOYEE_ID NUMBER NOT NULL, Primary Key
EMP_NAME VARCHAR2(30)
JOB_ID NUMBER\
SAL NUMBER
MGR_ID NUMBER References EMPLOYEE_ID column
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DEPARTMENT_ID NUMBER Foreign key to DEPARTMENT_ID column of

theDEPARTMENTS table
You created a sequence called EMP_ID_SEQ in order to populate sequential values for
the EMPLOYEE_ID column of the EMPLOYEES table.
Which two statements regarding the EMP_ID_SEQ sequence are true? (Choose two.)
A. You cannot use the EMP_ID_SEQ sequence to populate the JOB_ID column.
B. The EMP_ID_SEQ sequence is invalidated when you modify the EMPLOYEE_ID
column.
C. The EMP_ID_SEQ sequence is not affected by modifications to the EMPLOYEES
table.
D. Any other column of NUMBER data type in your schema can use the EMP_ID_SEQ
sequence.
E. The EMP_ID_SEQ sequence is dropped automatically when you drop the
EMPLOYEES table.
F. The EMP_ID_SEQ sequence is dropped automatically when you drop the
EMPLOYEE_ID column.
Answer: C,D
Explanation: the EMP_ID_SEQ sequence is not affected by modification to the
EMPLOYEES table. Any other column of NUMBER data type in your schema can use
the EMP_ID_SEQ sequence.
Incorrect answer:
AEMP_ID_SEQ sequence can be use to populate JOB_ID
BEMP_ID_SEQ sequence will not be invalidate when column in EMPLOYEE_ID is
modify.
EEMP_ID_SEQ sequence will be dropped automatically when you drop the
EMPLOYEES table.
FEMP_ID_SEQ sequence will be dropped automatically when you drop the
EMPLOYEE_ID column.

QUESTION NO: 109

User Mary has a view called EMP_DEPT_LOC_VU that was created based on the
EMPLOYEES, DEPARTMENTS, and LOCATIONS tables. She has the privilege to
create a public synonym, and would like to create a synonym for this view that can be
used by all users of the database.

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Which SQL statement can Mary use to accomplish that task?

A. CREATE PUBLIC SYNONYM EDL_VU
ON emp_dept_loc_vu;
B. CREATE PUBLIC SYNONYM EDL:VU
FOR mary (emp_dept_loc_vu);
C. CREATE PUBLIC SYNONYM EDL_VU
FOR emp_dept_loc_vu;
D. CREATE SYNONYM EDL_VU
ON emp_dept_loc_vu
FOR EACH USER;
E. CREATE SYNONYM EDL_VU
FOR EACH USER
ON emp_dept_loc_vu;
F. CREATE PUBLIC SYNONYM EDL_VU
ON emp_dept_loc_vu
FOR ALL USERS;
Answer: C
Explanation:
The general syntax to create a synonym is:
CREATE [PUBLIC] SYNONYM synonym FOR object;

QUESTION NO: 126

View the Exhibit to examine the description for the SALES table. Which views can have
all DML operations performed on it? (Choose all that apply.)

A. CREATE VIEW v3
AS SELECT * FROM SALES
WHERE cust_id = 2034
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WITH CHECK OPTION;

B. CREATE VIEW v1
AS SELECT * FROM SALES
WHERE time_id <= SYSDATE - 2*365
WITH CHECK OPTION;
C. CREATE VIEW v2
AS SELECT prod_id, cust_id, time_id FROM SALES
WHERE time_id <= SYSDATE - 2*365
WITH CHECK OPTION;
D. CREATE VIEW v4
AS SELECT prod_id, cust_id, SUM(quantity_sold) FROM SALES
WHERE time_id <= SYSDATE - 2*365
GROUP BY prod_id, cust_id
WITH CHECK OPTION;
Answer: A,B
Explanation:
Creating a View
You can create a view by embedding a subquery in the CREATE VIEW statement.
In the syntax:
CREATE [OR REPLACE] [FORCE|NOFORCE] VIEW view
[(alias[, alias]...)]
AS subquery
[WITH CHECK OPTION [CONSTRAINT constraint]]
[WITH READ ONLY [CONSTRAINT constraint]];
OR REPLACE Re-creates the view if it already exists
FORCE Creates the view regardless of whether or not the base tables exist
NOFORCE Creates the view only if the base tables exist (This is the default.)
View Is the name of the view alias Specifies names for the expressions selected by the
views query (The number of aliases must match the number of expressions selected by
the view.) subquery Is a complete SELECT statement (You can use aliases for the
columns in the SELECT list.)
WITH CHECK OPTION Specifies that only those rows that are accessible to the view
can be inserted or updated ANSWER D constraint Is the name assigned to the CHECK
OPTION constraint
WITH READ ONLY Ensures that no DML operations can be performed on this view
Rules for Performing DML Operations on a View
You cannot add data through a view if the view includes:
Group functions
A GROUP BY clause
The DISTINCT keyword
The pseudocolumn ROWNUM keyword
Columns defined by expressions
NOT NULL columns in the base tables that are not selected by the view ANSWER C

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QUESTION NO: 141

View the Exhibit and examine the structure of ORD and ORD_ITEMS tables.
The ORD_NO column is PRIMARY KEY in the ORD table and the ORD_NO and
ITEM_NO columns are composite PRIMARY KEY in the ORD_ITEMS table.
Which two CREATE INDEX statements are valid? (Choose two.)
"

A. CREATE INDEX ord_idx1

ON ord(ord_no);
B. CREATE INDEX ord_idx2
ON ord_items(ord_no);
C. CREATE INDEX ord_idx3
ON ord_items(item_no);
D. CREATE INDEX ord_idx4
ON ord,ord_items(ord_no, ord_date,qty);
Answer: B,C
Explanation:
How Are Indexes Created?
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You can create two types of indexes.

Unique index: The Oracle server automatically creates this index when you define a
column in a table to have a PRIMARY KEY or a UNIQUE constraint. The name of the
index is the name that is given to the constraint.
Nonunique index: This is an index that a user can create. For example, you can create
the FOREIGN KEY column index for a join in a query to improve the speed of retrieval.
Note: You can manually create a unique index, but it is recommended that you create a
unique constraint, which implicitly creates a unique index.
QUESTION NO: 148
Evaluate the following SQL commands:

The command to create a table fails. Identify the reason for the SQL statement failure?
(Choose all that apply.)
A. You cannot use SYSDATE in the condition of a CHECK constraint.
B. You cannot use the BETWEEN clause in the condition of a CHECK constraint.
C. You cannot use the NEXTVAL sequence value as a DEFAULT value for a column.
D. You cannot use ORD_NO and ITEM_NO columns as a composite primary key
because ORD NO is also the FOREIGN KEY.
Answer: A,C
Explanation:
CHECK Constraint
The CHECK constraint de

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fines a condition that each row must satisfy. The condition can use the same constructs
as the query conditions, with the following exceptions:
References to the CURRVAL, NEXTVAL, LEVEL, and ROWNUM pseudocolumns
Calls to SYSDATE, UID, USER, and USERENV functions
Queries that refer to other values in other rows
A single column can have multiple CHECK constraints that refer to the column in its
definition.
There is no limit to the number of CHECK constraints that you can define on a column.
CHECK constraints can be defined at the column level or table level.
CREATE TABLE employees
(...
salary NUMBER(8,2) CONSTRAINT emp_salary_min
CHECK (salary > 0),

QUESTION NO: 166

You are granted the CREATE VIEW privilege. What does this allow you to do?
A. Create a table view.
B. Create a view in any schema.
C. Create a view in your schema.
D. Create a sequence view in any schema.
E. Create a view that is accessible by everyone.
F. Create a view only of it is based on tables that you created.
Answer: C
Explanation:
You can create a view in your own schema only if you are granted the CREATE VIEW
privilege.
Incorrect Answers
A:You can create a view in your own schema only.
B:You can create a view in your own schema only, not in any schema.
D:There is no sequence view in Oracle.
E:You cannot create a view that is accessible by everyone. You will need specially grant
SELECT privileges on this view for everyone.
F:You can create a view in your own schema, but not only for tables in your schema.
You can use object from other users schemas if you have privileges to retrieve data
from them.
OCP Introduction to Oracle 9i: SQL Exam Guide, Jason Couchman, p. 292-301

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QUESTION NO: 179

Which SQL statement would you use to remove a view called EMP_DEPT_VU from
your schema?
A. DROP emp_dept_vu;
B. DELETE emp_dept_vu;
C. REMOVE emp_dept_vu;
D. DROP VIEW emp_dept_vu;
E. DELETE VIEW emp_dept_vu;
F. REMOVE VIEW emp_dept_vu;
Answer: D
Explanation:
DROP VIEW viewname;
Incorrect answer:
ANot a valid drop view statement
BNot a valid drop view statement
CNot a valid drop view statement
ENot a valid drop view statement
FNot a valid drop view statement

QUESTION NO: 195

What is true about sequences?
A. Once created, a sequence belongs to a specific schema.
B. Once created, a sequence is linked to a specific table.
C. Once created, a sequence is automatically available to all users.
D. Only the DBA can control which sequence is used by a certain table.
E. Once created, a sequence is automatically used in all INSERT and UPDATE
statements.
Answer: A
Explanation:

QUESTION NO: 196

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Which object privileges can be granted on a view?

A. none
B. DELETE, INSERT,SELECT
C. ALTER, DELETE, INSERT, SELECT
D. DELETE, INSERT, SELECT, UPDATE
Answer: D
Explanation: Object privilege on VIEW is DELETE, INSERT, REFERENCES, SELECT
and UPDATE.
Incorrect answer:
AObject privilege on VIEW is DELETE, INSERT, REFERENCES, SELECT and
UPDATE
BObject privilege on VIEW is DELETE, INSERT, REFERENCES, SELECT and
UPDATE
CObject privilege on VIEW is DELETE, INSERT, REFERENCES, SELECT and
UPDATE

QUESTION NO: 203

What are two reasons to create synonyms? (Choose two.)
A. You have too many tables.
B. Your tables names are too long.
C. Your tables have difficult names.
D. You want to work on your own tables.
E. You want to use another schema's tables.
F. You have too many columns in your tables.
Answer: B,C
Explanation:
Create a synonyms when the names of the tables are too long or the table names are
difficult.

QUESTION NO: 204

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What is true about updates through a view?

A. You cannot update a view with group functions.
B. When you update a view group functions are automatically computed.
C. When you update a view only the constraints on the underlying table will be in effect.
D. When you update a view the constraints on the views always override the constraints
on the underlying tables.
Answer: A
Explanation:

QUESTION NO: 209

What does the FORCE option for creating a view do?
A. creates a view with constraints
B. creates a view even if the underlying parent table has constraints
C. creates a view in another schema even if you don't have privileges
D. creates a view regardless of whether or not the base tables exist
Answer: D
Explanation:
create a view regardless of whether or not the base tables exist.
Incorrect answer:
Athe option is not valid
Bthe option is not valid
Cthe option is not valid

QUESTION NO: 234

Which two statements are true regarding views? (Choose two.)
A. A simple view in which column aliases have been used cannot be updated.
B. Rows cannot be deleted through a view if the view definition contains the DISTINCT
keyword.
C. Rows added through a view are deleted from the table automatically when the view
is dropped.
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D. The OR REPLACE option is used to change the definition of an existing view without
dropping and recreating it.
E. The WITH CHECK OPTION constraint can be used in a view definition to restrict the
columns displayed through the view.
Answer: B,D
Explanation:

QUESTION NO: 235

Which three statements are true regarding views? (Choose three.)
A. Views can be created only from tables.
B. Views can be created from tables or other views.
C. Only simple views can use indexes existing on the underlying tables.
D. Both simple and complex views can use indexes existing on the underlying tables.
E. Complex views can be created only on multiple tables that exist in the same schema.
F. Complex views can be created on multiple tables that exist in the same or different
schemas.
Answer: B,D,F

QUESTION NO: 236

Evaluate the following CREATE SEQUENCE statement:
CREATE SEQUENCE seq1
START WITH 100
INCREMENT BY 10
MAXVALUE 200
CYCLE
NOCACHE;
The SEQ1 sequence has generated numbers up to the maximum limit of 200. You issue
the following SQL statement:
SELECT seq1.nextval FROM dual;
What is displayed by the SELECT statement?

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A. 1
B. 10
C. 100
D. an error
Answer: A
Explanation:
But why the answer is not "C" ?
Because you didn't specify the MINVALUE for the sequence. If you check the sequence
definition that you created it will have the default value of 1, which it reverts to when
cycling.
If you wanted to keep the minimum value you would need to specify it in the sequence
creation.
sequence Is the name of the sequence generator
INCREMENT BY n Specifies the interval between sequence numbers, where n is an
integer (If this clause is omitted, the sequence increments by 1.)
START WITH n Specifies the first sequence number to be generated (If this clause is
omitted, the sequence starts with 1.)
MAXVALUE n Specifies the maximum value the sequence can generate
NOMAXVALUE Specifies a maximum value of 10^27 for an ascending sequence and
1 for a descending sequence (This is the default option.)
MINVALUE n Specifies the minimum sequence value
NOMINVALUE Specifies a minimum value of 1 for an ascending sequence and
(10^26) for a descending sequence (This is the default option.)
CYCLE | NOCYCLE Specifies whether the sequence continues to generate values after
reaching its maximum or minimum value (NOCYCLE is the default option.)
CACHE n | NOCACHE Specifies how many values the Oracle server preallocates and
keeps in memory (By default, the Oracle server caches 20 values.)

QUESTION NO: 237

Which two statements are true regarding indexes? (Choose two.)
A. They can be created on tables and clusters.
B. They can be created on tables and simple views.
C. You can create only one index by using the same columns.
D. You can create more than one index by using the same columns if you specify
distinctly different combinations of the columns.
Answer: A,D

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Explanation:

QUESTION NO: 238

SLS is a private synonym for the SH.SALES table.
The user SH issues the following command:
DROP SYNONYM sls;
Which statement is true regarding the above SQL statement?
A. Only the synonym would be dropped.
B. The synonym would be dropped and the corresponding table would become invalid.
C. The synonym would be dropped and the packages referring to the synonym would
be dropped.
D. The synonym would be dropped and any PUBLIC synonym with the same name
becomes invalid.
Answer: A
Explanation:
A synonym is an alias for a table (or a view). Users can execute SQL statements
against the synonym, and the database will map them into statements against the
object to which the synonym points.
Private synonyms are schema objects. Either they must be in your own schema, or they
must be qualified with the schema name. Public synonyms exist independently of a
schema. A public synonym can be referred to by any user to whom permission has been
granted to see it without the need to qualify it with a schema name.
Private synonyms must be a unique name within their schema. Public synonyms can
have the same name as schema objects. When executing statements that address
objects without a schema qualifier, Oracle will first look for the object in the local
schema, and only if it cannot be found will it look for a public synonym.

QUESTION NO: 287

View the Exhibit and examine the structure of the PRODUCTS, SALES, and
SALE_SUMMARY tables.
SALE_VW is a view created using the following command:
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SQL>CREATE VIEW sale_vw AS

SELECT prod_id, SUM(quantity_sold) QTY_SOLD
FROM sales GROUP BY prod_id;
You issue the following command to add a row to the SALE_SUMMARY table:
SQL>INSERT INTO sale_summary
SELECT prod_id, prod_name, qty_sold FROM sale_vw JOIN products
USING (prod_id) WHERE prod_id = 16;
What is the outcome?
A. It executes successfully.
B. It gives an error because a complex view cannot be used to add data into the
SALE_SUMMARY table.
C. It gives an error because the column names in the subquery and the
SALE_SUMMARY table do not match.
D. It gives an error because the number of columns to be inserted does not match with
the number of columns in the SALE_SUMMARY table.
Answer: D
Explanation:

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