Floodplain Modeling Using HEC-RAS and MIKE11 Models

Floodplain Modeling Using HEC-RAS and
MIKE11 Models
Reza Montazami Vazifedoost1,*, Maryam Nayyeri 2 and Gholam-Abbas Barani3
1
Department of Civil Engineering, Shahid Bahonar University, Kerman, Iran

Department of Civil Engineering, Islamic Aazad University Tehran south branch, Iran
3
Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Shahid Bahonar University, Kerman, Iran
2
ABSTRACT
A significant deficiency of most computer models used for
stream floodplain analysis is that the locations of structures
impacted by floodwaters, such as bridges, roads, and buildings,
cannot be effectively compared to the floodplain location .In
The different mathematical models, With the ability to
perform hydrodynamic calculations because of using Different
equations may not obtain the same results, Therefore , In this
paper the Results of flood plain zone are compared with the
two hydraulic models, MIKE11 and HEC-RAS. Initially The
analysis of hydraulic flood is performed with entry data
geometric cross sections, boundary conditions and initial data
after calibration then the results of the model that consists of
flood zones as layers of data transfer to ARCVIEW software
and overlay with topographic maps 1/2500 national mapping
agency. Finally, results are shown in flood zone maps for the
HEC-RAS and MIKE11 models. When we compared the
results of the two models, we found little difference between the
models.
KEYWORD
Floodplain Tajan river MIKE11 HEC-RAS.
INTRODUCTION
Annual natural hazards cause heavy and irreparable
damages to urban and non-urban facilities. Flood that
allocates annually over 70 percent Unexpected Disaster
Staffs funds is among these events. In this regard, many
problems arise for urban citizens, the owners of agricultural
land, industries and workshops near the river in flood time.
Possible complications will reach to the maximum at the
time of flood peak and the human and financial damage can
be reduced with the comprehensive management of the
basin, the main rivers and flood plains. Studies show that the
short-term recurrence rate is not high due to flood damages
but the invasion to the privacy of flood plain and the lands
adjacent to the river are the most important factors that
affect the floods intensity in the area. Indeed, unauthorized
*Corresponding Author: Reza Montazami Vazifedost

E-mail : rezamontazami61@gmail.com
Telephone Number:
Fax. Number:
manipulation around the river shows the uplift of water

and more flood damage. In this study, the Results of flood
zoning in two hydraulic model HEC-RAS and MIKE 11 are
compared and finally regression square , the spread of
Floods , are calculated by each model and the results are
presented in various sections of the river. It should be noted
that this paper aims to select the best model for predicting
the Tajan river basin and the results are given below.
RESEARCH BACKGROUND
U.S. Department of Transportation (2003) has developed a
study entitled simulation of flood plain of Maroochi River
in MIKE 11 and the integration of results in GIS. In this
study the intended rivers flood is zoned. Barofi et al (2001)
simulated the Tagliamento watershed in Denmark using
MIKE 11 model and created maps of flood zones for the
intended watershed. Mansour et al (2002), presented an
article titled the combination of RS, GIS and hydrodynamic
model MIKE 11, to prevent the least error for Langat River
(Malaysia) and examined the accuracy of flood zone maps.
Barkhodar and Chaoshyan (1379), made an article entitled
flood zoning under the river engineering and flood
protection agency. In this paper the flood mapping has been
done in the mathematical model HEC-RAS and the final
flood maps are plotted in Arcview GIS software. Wahhabi
(1376) completed his MA thesis entitled applying
techniques of remote sensing and GIS and the HEC-1 and
MIKE 11 Mathematical models for Taleghan basin zoning
and has finally specified the restricted areas, and permitted
subject to the above conditions.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Tajan is one of the northern basins of the country and is
the most important urban center in the neighboring city of
Sari. Hydrometric stations located on the Tajan River have
generally appropriate statistical power. Hydrometric stations
of Kardkhil and Rigcheshmeh are the oldest stations of
Tajan Basin. In this study the interval between the
Hydrometric station of Rigcheshmeh to Kardkhil station has
been studied. The maximum instantaneous discharge of
Rigcheshmeh station is used for the inlet boundary condition
to the model. Kardkhil station data are used in the model for
the outlet boundary condition. In order to estimate flood
peak discharge for different return periods of Rigcheshmeh
station the log Pearson Type III distribution was used In
return for different return periods.
Tajan River flood

hydrograph -Kardkhil station
250
Flow . cubic meters per second
200
150
100
50
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110
Time in hours
Fig.1. Tajan River flood hydrograph- Kardkhil station
HYDRAULIC SIMULATION OF RIVER

Map of longitudinal profile in the studied range, was
received from the mapping of Mazandaran Regional Water
Authority and entered into the network of each model after
the determination of the coordinates of each point. The
second step of preparing map is cross sections, the maps
were also received from the Department of River
Engineering and finally we entered the coordinates of each
point into the model as point by point. The third stage is
entering the boundary conditions to the beginning and end
of the model. The fourth step is entering the discharge and
initial flood for different return periods to the model and that
these data can be entered in the initial data model. The fifth
and final step is the hydrodynamic simulation. In this
simulation, the shrinkage loss due to the narrowness is 0/1
and the expansion loss due to opening of sections is 0/3 and
kinetic energy correction factor is considered 1. The flow
regime is assumed mixed. It should be noted that in HECRAS model the water level taking into account the slope of
0/0027 in the upstream for boundary condition and the
critical depth for the downstream boundary condition are
used. But in MIKE 11 model, the discharge hydrograph of
Rigcheshmeh and flow of Kardkhil station is used for the
upstream and downstream conditions. Basic maps of
topographic maps and hydrographic maps are according to
the metropolitan scale of 1/25000 in the Mapping
Organization of the country.
DRAWING THE FLOOD ZONE
Tajan River flood

hydrograph -Rigcheshmeh
station
The maximum elevation of the water level in different

return periods, the river system has been obtained from the
hydrodynamic analysis is used. If the water volume between
the two sections should be divided by the desired number of
flood levels, flood zone to be approximately obtained. In
this case the scale topographic maps 1/25000 the contour
map of the water distribution lines created at any point in the
generated lines show the extent of flooding. Since every
school is different, so the lines between the two sections of
the survey has been conducted for the contour lines and
finally, draw a bridge between levels of diversity in the
flood zone can be delineated flood zone area and perimeter.
40
35
30
25
20
Flow . cubic meters per second
15
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
10
Comparison between model HEC-RAS and MIKE 11
5
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Time in hours
Fig.2. Tajan River flood hydrograph- Rigcheshmeh station
80
The results of the two models, including feed rate and

depth of flooding, flood the grading play more important
roles are compared. According to the results shown in the
graphs and squares regression on the diagram, it becomes
clear that the water depth results calculated by both models
are very close to each other in the hydraulic and simulation
results for a region that has been used both mathematical
models.
According to the results shown in the graphs and squares

regression on the diagram, it is clear that the level of ground
water level calculated by both the hydraulic model was very
close to each other and simulation results for a region that
has been used both mathematical models.
Fig.1. Results of the water depth calculated for floods of 2, 25 and 500years with the models of HEC-RAS and MIKE 11
Fig.2.Results of the advance of water calculated for floods of 2, 25 and

500-years with the models HEC-RAS and MIKE 11
CONCLUSION
According to the results shown in the graphs and squares
regression on the diagram, it is clear that the results
calculated by both hydraulic model for flood mapping very
close to each other, and simulation results for a region that
has been used both mathematical models.
REFERENCES
[1]
Barkhordar,m and Chvoshian,s.(2000) flood plain .office

of river engineering
[2]
Kjelds, J.T. and Jrgensen, G. H.(1998) GIS Based

Management System for Flood Forecast Applications,
Flood Watch
[3]
Dutta,D.,
S.Herath,
and
K.Musiake.(2003)
A
mathematical model for flood loss estimation. Journal of
Hydrology 277:24-49.
[4]
DHI (Danish Hydraulic Institute). Denmark. (2005).

Maroochy River Flood Plain Model and GIS Capacity.
[5]
DHI. Denmark. (2000). Mike11 as Flood Mnagement and

Flood Forecasting Tool for the Vistula River, Poland.
[6]
DHI Engineering Group. Denmark. (2002-2003). New

Flood Mapping Technologies- Flood Mapping Tool Box.
[7]
P.Willems,G.Vaes,D.Popa,L.Timbe,J.Berlamont.Belgium.
(2002) Quasi 2D River Flood Modelling. Hydraulic
Laboratory, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven.

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Floodplain Modeling Using HEC-RAS and

Department of Civil Engineering, Shahid Bahonar University, Kerman, Iran

*Corresponding Author: Reza Montazami Vazifedost

manipulation around the river shows the uplift of water

Tajan River flood

HYDRAULIC SIMULATION OF RIVER

Tajan River flood

The maximum elevation of the water level in different

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Comparison between model HEC-RAS and MIKE 11

The results of the two models, including feed rate and

According to the results shown in the graphs and squares

Fig.2.Results of the advance of water calculated for floods of 2, 25 and

Barkhordar,m and Chvoshian,s.(2000) flood plain .office

Kjelds, J.T. and Jrgensen, G. H.(1998) GIS Based

DHI (Danish Hydraulic Institute). Denmark. (2005).

DHI. Denmark. (2000). Mike11 as Flood Mnagement and

DHI Engineering Group. Denmark. (2002-2003). New

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