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This document discusses structural cable and arch systems used in architecture. It covers cables, cable-stayed structures, tensegrity structures, arches, vaults and domes. Cables are used in suspension bridges and roofs, transfer tension forces, and require anchoring and stiffening elements. Cable-stayed structures use diagonal cables to support horizontal spans in a symmetrical manner. Arches efficiently transfer compressive forces and come in forms such as semicircular, pointed, and two-hinged. Vaults and domes also resist compressive forces through their curving forms.

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Aravind Bhashyam
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97 views

Notes6 PDF

This document discusses structural cable and arch systems used in architecture. It covers cables, cable-stayed structures, tensegrity structures, arches, vaults and domes. Cables are used in suspension bridges and roofs, transfer tension forces, and require anchoring and stiffening elements. Cable-stayed structures use diagonal cables to support horizontal spans in a symmetrical manner. Arches efficiently transfer compressive forces and come in forms such as semicircular, pointed, and two-hinged. Vaults and domes also resist compressive forces through their curving forms.

Uploaded by

Aravind Bhashyam
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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APPLIED ARCHITECTURAL STRUCTURES:

STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS AND SYSTEMS

Cables

ARCH 631

simple
uses

DR. ANNE NICHOLS


FALL 2013

suspension bridges
roof structures
transmission lines
guy wires, etc.

lecture

six

http:// nisee.berkeley.edu/godden

cables &
arches
Cables & Arches 1
Lecture 6

Millennium Bridge in Newcastle, UK

Applied Architectural Structures


ARCH 631

F2009abn

Cables

have same tension all along


cant stand compression struts do
Cables & Arches 2
Lecture 6

Architectural Structures III


ARCH 631

F2009abn

Cables

use high-strength steel


need
towers
anchors
stiffeners (hangers)

have spans & sag


dont want movement
dynamic effects of wind
resonance
http:// nisee.berkeley.edu/godden

Cables & Arches 3


Lecture 6

Architectural Structures III


ARCH 631

F2009abn

Cables & Arches4


Lecture 5

Architectural Structures III


ARCH 631

F2007abn

Cables

Cable Loads

equilibrium:

straight line
between forces

not enough to solve, we have slopes


X component the same everywhere
4m

6m

2m

45 kN

45 kN
C

Cables & Arches5


Lecture 5

Architectural Structures III


ARCH 631

F2007abn

Cables & Arches6


Lecture 5

Architectural Structures III


ARCH 631

Cable Loads

Cable Loads

shape directly
related to the
distributed load

trig:

F2007abn

Tx T cos

Ty T sin

parabolic (catenary)
distributed uniform load

y 4h( Lx x 2 ) / L2
Ltotal L( 1 8 3 h
Cables & Arches7
Lecture 5

Architectural Structures III


ARCH 631

F2007abn

Cables & Arches8


Lecture 5

2
2

32 5 h

Architectural Structures III


ARCH 631

y
h
4

L4

L
F2007abn

Cables & Tension Elements

Cable Structures

typical cross sections

categories
single drape
double
different curvature
same plane or
different

cases
Brooklyn Bridge
Dulles Terminal

Multi-wire strand

Cables & Arches9


Lecture 5

Architectural Structures III


ARCH 631

F2007abn

Brooklyn Bridge, Roebling 1883

Cables & Arches 11


Lecture 6

Architectural Structures III


ARCH 631

http:// nisee.berkeley.edu/godden

Cables & Arches10


Lecture 5

Architectural Structures III


ARCH 631

F2007abn

Brooklyn Bridge, Roebling 1883

F2009abn

Cables & Arches12


Lecture 5

Architectural Structures III


ARCH 631

F2007abn

Dulles Terminal, Saarinen 1962

Dulles Terminal, Saarinen 1962

Cables & Arches13


Lecture 5

Architectural Structures III


ARCH 631

F2007abn

Cables & Arches14


Lecture 5

Architectural Structures III


ARCH 631

F2007abn

Patcenter, Rogers 1986

Cable-Stayed Structures
diagonal cables support horizontal
spans
typically symmetrical
cases
Patcenter
Alamillo
Bridge

Cables & Arches15


Lecture 5

Architectural Structures III


ARCH 631

F2007abn

Cables & Arches 16


Lecture 6

Architectural Structures III


ARCH 631

www.columnbia.edu

F2009abn

Patcenter, Rogers 1986

Patcenter, Rogers 1986


dashes cables pulling

Cables & Arches 17


Lecture 6

Architectural Structures III


ARCH 631

www.columnbia.edu

F2009abn

Alamillo Bridge, Calatrava 1992

Cables & Arches18


Lecture 5

Architectural Structures III


ARCH 631

F2007abn

Alamillo Bridge, Calatrava 1992


concrete mast
parallel cable stays
steel box beam spine in deck

Cables & Arches 19


Lecture 6

Architectural Structures III


ARCH 631

http://en.structurae.de

F2009abn

Cables & Arches20


Lecture 5

Architectural Structures III


ARCH 631

F2007abn

Tensegrities

Olympic Gymnastics Stadium

3D frame
discontinuous struts
continuous cables

Geiger 1988

www.columnbia.edu
Free Ride Home Kenneth Snelson
Cables & Arches 21
Lecture 6

Architectural Structures III


ARCH 631

F2009abn

Olympic Gymnastics Stadium

Cables & Arches 22


Lecture 6

Architectural Structures III


ARCH 631

F2009abn

Florida Suncoast Dome, HOK 1989

Geiger 1988

Cables & Arches23


Lecture 5

Architectural Structures III


ARCH 631

F2007abn

Cables & Arches24


Lecture 5

Architectural Structures III


ARCH 631

F2007abn

Florida Suncoast Dome, HOK 1989

Georgia Dome, Stainback 1992

Cables & Arches25


Lecture 5

Cables & Arches26


Lecture 5

Architectural Structures III


ARCH 631

F2007abn

Georgia Dome, Stainback 1992

Architectural Structures III


ARCH 631

F2007abn

Arches
curvilinear form
efficient in compression
minimal bending stress

Cables & Arches27


Lecture 5

Architectural Structures III


ARCH 631

F2007abn

Cables & Arches28


Lecture 5

Architectural Structures III


ARCH 631

F2007abn

Arches

Arches

ancient

ancient

stone
masonry

stone
masonry

Packhorse Bridge, UK

Rainbow Bridge National Monument

Lions Gate

www.greatbuildings.com

Cables & Arches 29


Lecture 6

Architectural Structures III


ARCH 631

Roman Aquaducts

F2009abn

Cables & Arches 30


Lecture 6

Arches

Arches

terminology

behavior

arch axis
crown
rise
extrados
intrados
depth
spring line
span
skewback
soffit

Cables & Arches31


Lecture 5

Architectural Structures III


ARCH 631

F2009abn

stabilization
resist thrust

materials
stone
masonry
concrete
laminated wood
steel
Architectural Structures III
ARCH 631

F2007abn

Cables & Arches32


Lecture 5

Architectural Structures III


ARCH 631

F2007abn

Arches

Arches

behavior

common forms

thrust related
to height to width

Cables & Arches33


Lecture 5

Architectural Structures III


ARCH 631

F2007abn

Cables & Arches34


Lecture 5

Architectural Structures III


ARCH 631

Arches

Arches

common variations

requires lateral bracing


lateral ties
diagonal ties

two hinged
three hinged statically determinate

Cables & Arches35


Lecture 5

Architectural Structures III


ARCH 631

F2007abn

F2007abn

Cables & Arches 36


Lecture 6

http:// nisee.berkeley.edu/godden
Architectural Structures III
ARCH 631

F2009abn

Vaults

Arches
... bracing
lamellas

Cables & Arches37


Lecture 5

Architectural Structures III


ARCH 631

F2007abn

http:// nisee.berkeley.edu/godden
Cables & Arches 38
Lecture 6

Architectural Structures III


ARCH 631

Vaults

Domes

Crypt of the Colonia Gell - Gaudi

arch of revolutionary design


resists
compressive
forces

Cables & Arches39


Lecture 5

Architectural Structures III


ARCH 631

F2007abn

Cables & Arches40


Lecture 5

Architectural Structures III


ARCH 631

F2009abn

F2007abn

10

Domes

Domes

materials & forms

materials & forms

concrete
masonry
steel

concrete
masonry
steel
Pantheon

Union Station Rotunda, Pittsburg

Cables & Arches 41


Lecture 6

Architectural Structures III


ARCH 631

F2009abn

Architectural Structures III


ARCH 631

F2009abn

Domes

Domes
stresses and displacements

Cables & Arches43


Lecture 5

Cables & Arches 42


Lecture 6

Architectural Structures III


ARCH 631

Harvard GSD

F2007abn

Palazzetto dello Sport -Nervi

Cables & Arches44


Lecture 5

Architectural Structures III


ARCH 631

F2007abn

11

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