AIR CONDITIONERS

FOR

COMPUTER ROOM
AND FOR

TELECOMUNICATION

INSTALLATION USE AND MAINTENANCE HANDBOOK

Handbook code 75802206A.0204

Sheet 1 of 43
1. GENERAL INFORMATIONS 3
1.1 CE DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY 3
1.2 DECLARATION OF THE MANUFACTURER 4
1.3 WARRANTY 5
1.4 UNIT CODING 6
1.5 SPARE PART LIST 6
1.6 Direct expansion air conditioners “K” and “R” series (R407C) operating limits 6
1.6.4 Air conditioners with chilled water coils 7
1.7 DOCUMENTS INCLUDED IN THE UNIT 8
2. COMPONENTS DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION 9
2.1 MICROPROCESSOR ADJUSTMENT 9
2.2 DIRECT EXPANSION AIR CONDITIONERS 9
2.3 COOLING CAPACITY REGULATION WITH ELECTRONIC HOT GAS INJECTION 10
2.4 AIR CONDITIONERS WITH CHILLED WATER COIL 11
2.5 HEATING 12
2.6 HUMIDIFIER WITH ELECTRODES IMMERSED 12
2.7 DEHUMIDIFICATION 14
2.8 DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE SWITCHES FOR CLOGGED FILTER INDICATION 15
3. INSTALLATION 15
3.1 TRANSPORT 15
3.2 UNIT ACCEPTANCE ON SITE 15
3.3 CLEARANCE, ANTIVIBRATION SUPPORT AND POSITIONING 16
3.4 ELECTRICAL CONNECTIONS 16
3.5 HYDRAULIC CONNECTIONS: CONDENSATE DISCHARGE 17
3.6 HYDRAULIC CONNECTIONS: WATER COOLED CONDENSERS 17
3.7 HYDRAULIC CONNECTIONS: COLD OR HOT WATER COILS 18
3.8 HYDRAULIC CONNECTIONS: STEAM HUMIDIFIER 19
3.9 FRIGORIFIC CONNECTIONS 19
3.10 LINES LAYOUT FOR FRIGORIFIC CONNECTIONS 21
3.11 LINES DIAMETERS FOR COOLING CONNECTIONS 21
3.12 COMPLETING THE REFRIGERANT CHARGE 24
3.14 DISASSEMBLE AND DISPOSAL 25
4 FIRST START UP 26
4.1 ELECTRIC CONTROLS 26
4.2 CONTROLS OF REFRIGERATION CIRCUIT OPERATION 26
5. MAINTENANCE 31
5.1 FILTER MAINTENANCE 31
5.2 HUMIDIFIER MAINTENANCE 31
5.3 FAN MAINTENANCE 32
5.4 COOLING CIRCUIT MAINTENANCE 32
5.5 ELECTRIC HEATER MAINTENANCE 32
6. TROUBLE ANALYSIS 33
6.1 «A», «E» AIR CONDITIONERS – COOLING CIRCUIT PROBLEMS 34
6.2 «U» AIR CONDITIONERS – HYDRAULIC CIRCUIT PROBLEMS 36
6.3 HEATING SECTION PROBLEMS 37
6.4 HUMIDIFIER PROBLEMS 38
6.5 DEHUMIDIFICATION PROBLEMS 40
6.6 FAN PROBLEMS 42

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1. GENERAL INFORMATIONS
1.1 CE DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY

1 1
The series H and W air conditioners that are the object of this declaration shall be installed and
used according to the terms provided for in this «Installation and maintenance handbook», which are
supplied together with the unit.

UNDER THESE CONDITIONS ONLY:

Shall we, the undersigned, take full responsibility for declaring that the units making the object of the present
Declaration comply with the provisions set forth in the following Directives:

89/392/EEC

93/68 EEC

73/23 EEC

89/336 EEC

Uboldo, February 19th, 2001

1
() Concerning the air conditioners series H and W with remote condensing unit, the Declaration
of Conformity shall be valid only if the condensing unit is supplied by Tecnair LB together with the air
conditioner. If the air conditioner is supplied by Tecnair LB without condensaers unit, the Manufacturer’s
Declaration of conformity shall be valid.

Tecnair LB

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Sheet 3 of 43
1.2 DECLARATION OF THE MANUFACTURER

The series Hand W air conditioners that are the object of this Declaration shall be installed and used
according to the terms provided for in this «Installation and maintenance handbook», which are supplied
together with the unit.

UNDER THESE CONDITIONS ONLY:

Shall we, the undersigned, take full responsibility for declaring that the units making the object of the
present declaration comply with the provisions set forth in the following Directives:

89/392/EEC

93/68 EEC

73/23 EEC

89/336 EEC

Uboldo, February 19th, 2001

Tecnair LB

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Sheet 4 of 43
1.3 WARRANTY

The air conditioners described in this manual are subject to the present warranty terms, which are
intended as accepted and automatically subscribed by the Customer when placing the order with TECNAIR
LB. The supplier hereby guarantees the correct construction and good quality of the product object of the
supply, committing himself, during the warranty period specified herein, to repair, or supply spares for, at his
sole discretion, in the shortest period, the parts and/or components that should present any material or
construction or working defect invaliding them for their intended use, provided that the defect is not due to
the purchaser’s negligence, to any routine wear and tear, to the User’s negligence or unskillfullness, to any
damages by third parties, to Acts of God or Force Major, or to any other cause not ascribable to the original
manufacturer of the equipment, and the Manufacturer shall not be held responsible for any direct or indirect
damages of any kind and for any reason. Defected parts substitution is held in the Uboldo factory and all
transport costs is made by the Commissioners
The warranty term is of 1 (one) year from the delivery date. The warranty term shall be automatically
cancelled if the materials are repaired or modified or anyhow completed (e.g. air conditioners supplied
without electrical board, or the like).
The above warranty and supply conditions shall be valid provided that the Customer has fulfilled all
of his contract obligations, with main reference to the payment terms. It is understood that no employee or
representative of TECNAIR LB, or sales representative or service centre or the like is authorized to grant any
derogations to the above mentioned warranty terms.
WARNING: Before operating any unit, the contents of this handbook shall be carefully read
and fully understood.

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1.4 UNIT CODING

Your unit belongs to Tecnair’s catalogue of air conditioners for surgical rooms. The different models
are coded by letters and numerals indicating the unit’s power and type of functioning, and the heat recovery
system, if present. The coding shall be read as follows:
O K A 05 1 A R407C
1 2 3 4-5 6 7 8
1 O Air supply direction O Upflow air supply
2 K Series K For computer room
2 R R For computer room
3 A Typology of the cold generator A Direct expansion coil with remote condenser
3 E Direct expansion coil with remote condensing unit
3 U Chilled water coil with remote water chiller
4-5 5 Size Nominal horsepower
6 1 Number of cooling circuits or number of rows of the cooling coil for water units
7 A Modify index
8 R Type of refrigerant fluid
Figure 1: example of unit coding reading.

1.5 SPARE PART LIST

The spare part list, available under request to our Commercial Offices, emphasises the parts which
don’t have easy local reparability. Static parts, such as heat exchangers, closing panels and others. Rare
faults are therefore not listed.
Universally retrievable parts, such as electrical motors, contactors, automatic switches refrigerating
gasses are also not listed.
1.6 Direct expansion air conditioners “K” and “R” series (R407C) operating limits
1.6.1 Internal unit operating limits
The indicated temperature and humidity limits of the treated air (external air mixture plus re-circulation
entering into the unit) are valid for operating after the first transitory span, with nominal air flow and a
prevalence of 800 pa. For lower air flow up to 10% the mentioned limits must be raised by one degree
centigrade so to avoid too low evaporating temperatures.

! Units with up flow air discharge version “L”: low air flow:
temperature: minimum: 21°C, maximum: 30°C; humidity: lower: 20%, maximum: 70%

! Units with up flow air discharge version “H”: high air flow:
temperature: minimum: 19°C, maximum: 30°C; humidity: lower: 20%, maximum: 70%

! Units with down flow air discharge version ”L”: low air flow:
temperature: minimum: 22°C, maximum: 30°C; humidity: lower: 20%, maximum: 70%

! Units with down flow air discharge version “H”: high air flow:
temperature: minimum: 20°C, maximum: 30°C; humidity: lower: 20%, maximum : 70%

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1.6.2 Operating limits for air cooled condensers

Minimum operating limit: minimum outdoor air temperature

! Axial or radial air condenser with switch and speed variator:

minimum external air temperature: -20°C

! Axial or radial air condenser with switch and without speed variator:
The speed variator can be installed in the internal electric panel of the unit.
minimum external air temperature: -25°C

! Axial or radial air condenser without switch and without speed variator:
This solution is not in conformity with the safety standards since the operator is not certain that the
condenser is not remotely switched on whilst he is doing maintenance work. It is therefore
mandatory that the switch installed away from the condenser and inside the building is of lockable
type.
minimum outdoor air temperature: -40°C

Maximum operating limit: maximum outdoor air temperature

It is suggested to select an air cooled condenser with the following deltaT between fresh air
entering (project forecasted external temperature) and condensing temperature:

! For maximum outdoor temperatures up to 30°C:

deltaT = 17°C

! For maximum outdoor temperatures up to 35°C:

deltaT = 15°C

! For maximum outdoor temperatures up to 40°C:

deltaT= 13°C

! For maximum outdoor external temperatures up to 46°C:

DeltaT = 10°C

! For maximum outdoor temperatures up to 46°C:

Ask our offices to select a unit with another refrigerant (R134)

1.6.3 Operating limits for internal air conditioners with built in water cooled
condenser.
! Water condensers: without Pressostatic valve :
Entering water temperature between 25 and 40°C

! Water condensers: with Pressostatic valve :

Entering water temperature between 7 and 40°C

1.6.4 Air conditioners with chilled water coils

The temperature and humidity limits of the air to be treated (external air mixture plus re-circulation entering
into the unit) are valid for operating after the initial transitory, with a nominal air flow and prevalence of 800
Pa, and for entering water temperatures to the coil of 5°C.

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 ! Units with up flow air discharge version “L”: low air flow:
temperature: minimum: 16°C, maximum: 32°C; humidity: lower: 20%, maximum: 70%

! Units with up flow air discharge version “H”: high air flow:
temperature: minimum: 16°C, maximum: 32°C; humidity: lower: 20%, maximum: 70%

! Units with down flow air discharge version ”L”: low air flow:
temperature: minimum: 16°C, maximum: 32°C; humidity: lower: 20%, maximum: 55%

! Units with down flow air discharge version “H”: high air flow:
temperature: minimum: 16°C, maximum: 32°C; humidity: lower: 20%, maximum: 55%

1.7 DOCUMENTS INCLUDED IN THE UNIT

All units come with:

The present manual, for the unit description, installation and maintenance
The installed Microprocessor manual (pCO²) for the start-up, operating parameter modification
and the unit control operations.
Wiring diagram
Manufacturers conformity and testing declarations
Instruction for moving and lifting the unit sticked (out of the packing)

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2. COMPONENTS DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
2.1 MICROPROCESSOR ADJUSTMENT

All the K & R series air conditioners are equipped with the MicroAC (MAC) microprocessor which
controls the temperature and humidity in the controlled room with regard to the surrounding environment and
which can be installed in a local network to allow for all working parameters to be modified directly by the
Customer through the user interface.
2
As an accessory the pCO microprocessor can be installed, this microprocessor is necessary for
controlling the modulating components, which come as an accessory. The pCO2 comes standard with all
“Free cooling” and “Two Season” units.
For the use and mantainance of these microprocessors please refer to the relevant manuals:

Mac manual code number:

PCO2 manual number:

Installed on the unit Remote display for wall installation

2.2 DIRECT EXPANSION AIR CONDITIONERS

All K & R series direct expansion air conditioners can have one or two frigorific circuits.
Each circuit consists of an hermetic compressor, a thermostatic expansion valve, and two pressure
switches each. The low pressure one with automatic reset, but to be reset by the microprocessor keyboard
too, doesn’t stop definitely the cooling circuit. The high pressure one, for clear safety motifs, is with manual
reset and stops the cooling circuit. In both cases the conditioner continues to function displaying the trip of
the high or low pressure alarm.
A drier filter with sight glass is forecat on the refrigerant liquid line.
The compressor is scroll type with built-in integral electric protection to avoid any excessive
electrical input and is equipped with a crankcase heater, and welding type connections to the supply pipe.
A stainless steel condensate discharge back is always installed under the coil, and is connected
with a central water trap with non return valve. The discharge from the humidifier is independent from the
other one and is carried toward the right hand side panel of the unit.

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 The standard units have an ON-OFF regulation of the cooling capacity, therefore the microprocessor
starts up the compressor with its proportional or proportional-integral logic and stops it at the meeting of the
set point. This regulation is valid in case of units working with a small fresh air flow and high recircultion. In
case of 100% or high fresh air flow, or of very rigorous temperature an humidity control, the use of a frigorific
capacity regulation device is warmly suggested.

2.3 COOLING CAPACITY REGULATION WITH ELECTRONIC HOT GAS INJECTION

(ONLY FOR PCO2)

The cooling capacity regulation is made by an electronic system, always controlled by the pCO
microprocessor, of hot gas injection and refrigerant expansion (see following drawing), The hot gas, injection
downstream the expansion valve, reduces the cooling capacity proportionately to the regulating demand,
whilst part of the refrigerant expansion in the relative valve allows the suction temperature not to become too
high, therefore compromising the good functioning of the compressor.

This system allows a modulation of the cooling capacity between 60% and 100% of the nominal one,
therefore also with a great reduction of the absorbed power at the same time.
The injection valves opening is controlled by the microprocessor by a 0 – 10V signal, proportional to
the percentage shift of the sensed temperature to the set point one in relationship the proportional band. The
expansion valve is controlled by the over heating of the refrigeration gas exiting the evaporator.
The microprocessor activates the first compressor (the injection one) when the room temperature
equals the set point, plus 50% of the proportional band. For example; if the proportionate band is of 2°C and
the set point is of 20°C, the first compressor starts when the room temperature feeler measures a 21°C
temperature (ref figure 3). In case of a single compressor will startup at 100% of the proportionate band.

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 If the room temperature is above 50% of the proportional band the microprocessor will also start the
second compressor (if present). This, being without regulations, will always work at 100% of its capacity,
whilst the first compressor modulates itself as seen above to ensure a perfect temperature regulation.

2.4 AIR CONDITIONERS WITH CHILLED WATER COIL

2.4.1 3 POINT THROTTLING VALVE WITH MODULATING EFFECT

This valve is standard, and valid for environments where the temperature is relatively constant and
the quantity of external air limited in regards to the ricirculated one. Classic example of the is the application
for Computer rooms or telephone centers.
The mAC microprocessor sends a digital signal for the opening or closing of the valve for a certain
amount of seconds proportional to the change on temperature in regards to the set-point. The valve opens
up to a certain level which guaranties the required modulating effect. Once the regulation has been done it
doesn’t anyway rmeian updated with the current opening of the valve.
This type of regulation has difficulties when the temperature in the controlled environment changes
and the microprocessor, not updated with the current position of the valve, must intervene on it’s opening. At
this point it is necessary that the microprocessor, before launching the opening or cloasing signal for a
number of seconds proportional to the change on temperature in regards to the set-point, finds a reference
position. To do this it must send the valve ina completely closed position. As the cloasing and opening time
is of 180 seconds, it is inutuitivie that during this interval the regulation is not efficient and that the
temperature supplied to the room is not correct.
As stated before this regulation is non acceptable for installations where the temperature changes
frequently, and particularly where the percentual quantity of fresh air is very high.

2.4.2 3 POINT MODULATING VALVE (proportional)

The hydraulic circuits of the chilled water units is made essentially of a big surface direct expansion
cooling coil with copper tubes expanded into aluminium fins, and a three-way modulating valve. All internal
tubes are copper made and are provided with thermal insulation.
The microprocessor controls the modulating valve with an analogic 0-10V output signals. The
opening of the valve is proportional to the value of the signal sent by the microprocessor. On its turn, the
voltage value is proportional to the required thermal or humidity load from the required set point. Verifying on
the display the level of the valve’s opening is always possible. With the machine switched off the valve
returns in a totally closed position, whilst, in case of a lack of feeding tension the valve remains in the
previous position. The microprocessor is always updated about the opening and cloasing position of the
valve ande therefore can correct it without having to close it as previously necessary with the throttling
valve’s. This therefore allows for a swift reaction to changing environment conditions.

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 For example, if the indicated proportionate band is of 2°C and the set point is of 20°C the exit tension
value should be equal to 0 V when the measured temperature is of 20°C and will equal 10 V when the
temperature is of 22°C. All this is shown on fig. 3.

Figure 3
2.5 HEATING

In the K & R series the heating is always done downstream the cold coil, therefore always in a post
heating position. In case of cold water coils it’s necessary to preheat the air to avoid freezing. In case of
direct expansion cold coils the only hot source can be a single water or electric coil installed downstream the
cold one, with winter heating functions and summer post heating. Obviously in case of water coils its
necessary that the hot water is retrievable both in summer and in winter.

2.5.1 Hot water coil heating capacity regulation

The regulation is entrusted to a three way modulating valve that is directly controlled by the
microprocessor. The valve opens and closes in direct proportion to the set proportional band. For example; if
the set proportional band is 2°C and the set point is 20°C, then the exit tension signal will be equal to 0 V
when the measured temperature will be of 20°C it is equal 10V when the temperature is of 18°C.

2.5.2 Electric heater heating capacity regulation

The microprocessor sends a 0 – 10 Vdc tension signal to the electronic PWM regulator. The tension
value is directly proportional to the temperature shifts from the set point.
For example, if the proportional band is 2°C and the set point is 20°C the microprocessor’s exit
tension value will be equal to 0V is equal 10V if the room temperature reaches 18°C.

2.6 HUMIDIFIER WITH ELECTRODES IMMERSED

The humidifier installed in Tecnair LB’s air conditioners works by Joule effect: by heating up, the
water comes to the boil and thus evaporates. The electrodes humidifiers can modulate between 30% and
100% of their own capacity.
The humidifier is immersed electrodes «box-type». Its structure guarantees low costs for routine
cylinder maintenance. The functioning of the humidifier is fully controlled by the microprocessor. Depending

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on the relative humidity set point, the control software controls the steam production and conductivity of the
feeding water to the humidifier itself. The microprocessor also discharges automatically the cylinder for water
renewal. The average life of a cylinder can vary from 500 to 1500 hours as a function of the hardness and
conductivity of the feeding water.
For a correct functioning of the humidifiers, we recommend the following:
! Always supply city water, with a mechanical filter 50 µm.
! Never use demineralised water.
! The conductivity of the feeding water to the humidifier shall be 125 to 1250 µS/cm
! The hardness of the feeding water to the humidifier shall be 15 to 40 °F.
! With harder water, use NO water softener, but a de-scale.

The frequency of cylinder replacement is in direct proportion to the water hardness, because of the
increase in scale; therefore, we suggest monitoring constantly the condition of the cylinders and make sure
that all the operations described in chapter Routine maintenance are executed
The following table provides a merely QUALITATIVE description of what may happen when the
water conductivity and hardness are not within the recommended limits.

CONDUCTIVITY [µS/cm]

HARDNESS [°fH] < 350 350 ÷ 800 800÷1250

Water subject to softening.
Soft water. Probable foaming,
< 15 Strong problems with
Slow in gaining speed. corrosion, jump sparks. foam, corrosion, and jump
spark.
Foaming problems.
15 ÷ 40 OPTIMUM CONDITION Probably treated water
and corrosion problems.
Many scales.
> 40
Probable foaming.
Figure 8: behaviour of the humidifier based on the water conductivity and hardness.
REMARK
We suggest treating water with hardness exceeding 30 °fH, even if lower than 40 °fH. The maximum
softening allowed is 40% of the initial hardness value. For example, if you start from hardness of 50 °fH, do
not exceed 30 °fH (in this case, 40% of the initial value equals 20 °fH).

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 If water conductivity is higher than 1250 µS/cm, we suggest treating water appropriately and taking it
back to the limits allowed.
The two cases with grey background refer to conditions that occur very rarely as they concern water
very rich in scale and poor in the other dissolved salts.

Figure 10:

2.7 DEHUMIDIFICATION

2.7.1 Compressorized Unit

In this case, the dehumidification start-up the compressor with inverter, if present. This way, the
compressor provides all the cooling capacity necessary to take the air below the saturation curve, and thus
the drops of water are worked off, so decreasing the humidity in the air. If the compressor is equipped with
frigorific capacity regulation (accessory), the regulation of the dehumidification is modulating. In this case
2
the pCO starts up the frigorific circuit at 80% of it’s capacity,and then modulates

2.7.2 Chilled water unit

The dehumidification is obtained by first opening at 80% the chilled water valve; this valve is
modulating-type and is fed by a ON-OF standard; 0-10 V if modulating (accessory) signal from the
microprocessor. This way, the water provides all the cooling capacity necessary to take the air below the
extreme saturation curve, and thus the drops of water are worked off, so decreasing the humidity in the air.
In this way the dehumidification is switched on by opening the valve at 80%, then the microprocessor
regulates it in a proportional way so to get a modulating dehumidification.

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2.8 DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE SWITCHES FOR CLOGGED FILTER INDICATION

The air conditioners produced by Tecnair LB are all equipped with differential pressure switches for
measuring the pressure difference before and after the suction filter. The microprocessor gives a signal
when the pressure difference exceeds the set value (see Table 8). This type of alarm does not stop the unit,
as it only has a signalling function.
The calibration of the clogged-filter pressure switches is normally executed by the Manufacturer
during the testing. In any case, the values of intervention of each pressure switch can certainly be calibrated
according to the requirements of the Customer, according to whether this one wishes the filter clogging
signalling to be more or less timely. To change the intervention pressure value of a pressure switch, just
unscrew the cover and turn the wheel toward the pressure drop value desired.

TYPE OF FILTER POSITION VALUE [Pa]

Filter G4 Air return 180
Filter F7, F9, H12 Air discharge 450

Figure 11: summarises the default calibrations executed during the unit testing at Tecnair’s:

3. INSTALLATION
3.1 TRANSPORT

During site handling, the unit shall be lifted and transported by a lift truck. The forks shall be inserted
as shown in the appropriate drawing handed over to the forwarder; failing the lift truck, pass two ropes under
the pallet on which the air conditioner rests. Moreover, use rigid spacing bars for the lifting, to make sure that
these ropes cannot tread on the framework. This operation too is described in the aforesaid drawing.

3.2 UNIT ACCEPTANCE ON SITE

Unless otherwise agreed upon specifically with the Customer, TECNAIR LB delivers the units ex-
works, standard packaged with a wooden pallet and a polyethylene protection sheet.
As the Carrier is always responsible for any damage the goods entrusted to him may suffer during
the transport, before signing the delivery slip for acceptance, always check the packaging for integrity and
the unit for possible visible damages, of oil or refrigerant leakage. If any evident damage is detected, or if
you have the slightest doubt that the air conditioner may have suffered some hidden damages during
transportation, you shall make your qualification to the carrier himself in writing, and, at the same time, inform
Tecnair LB’s Sales Department as well.

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 If the unit does not need to be installed immediately after the arrival on site, it shall be left in
its original packaging and stored indoors, in a non-humid and heated (if possible) place, having
temperature 15°C in winter.
If the storage extends for a long period, the Customer shall ask Tecnair LB’s Sales Department for
the procedures for executing the necessary routing checks on the unit condition.

3.3 CLEARANCE, ANTIVIBRATION SUPPORT AND POSITIONING

To prevent the unit from suffering any problem and damage during transportation, we suggest taking
the packaging off only when it has reached the place of installation. Moreover, it is essential to check the
floor where the unit is to be positioned: it must be such as to bear the weight of the unit, which can be easily
drawn from the related commercial documentation or read directly on the identification plate inside the unit
itself. During the installation, take care to leave enough room around the unit for routine and extraordinary
maintenance operations, as indicated in the drawing attached to the confirmation of order.
In general, it is absolutely necessary to provide for approx. 80cm clearance all before the unit and
80cm on the right side. The units K and K need a further 80cm clearance behind the machine.
If the unit is to be installed on the floor, you shall need to place rubber or spring anti-vibration
supports right under the unit (4 pieces or the models 41 and 51 and 6 pieces for the other models) chosen as
a function of the unit weight and fixed to appropriate holes in the base.
3.4 ELECTRICAL CONNECTIONS

The external electrical connections of the air conditioner must fulfil the following requirements:

! They shall be sized to support the maximum load in Ampere indicated in the electric
wiring diagram and on the identification label placed inside the control section of the
unit.
! The feeding line shall arrive to the unit directly from the external magnetotermic
differential switch without any interruption or connection.
! The magnetotermic switch, mandatory to protect the feeding line against overcurrents,
according to the European Rules (par. 7.2.1 and 7.2.6: CEI EN 60204-1), must be placed
by the Installer as close as possible to the unit. The magnetotermic switch shall have a
differential block with variable set from 30 to 300 mA to assure, in addition to the
magnetotermic protection, the operators protection against direct or indirect contacts
too. The magnetotermic switch protects the instalaltion against insulation faults too.
! The earthling shall be made using a cable with section as indicated in the wiring diagram.
! To prevent the microprocessor from suffering any working problem, no utility – not even
if it is part of the plant itself, such as pumps, condensers, etc. – shall be connected after
the external magnetotermic differential switch of the air conditioner. If this is

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 indispensable, suitable anti-interference devices (R + C) shall be parallel connected with
the relay coils of such utilities

3.5 HYDRAULIC CONNECTIONS: CONDENSATE DISCHARGE

All air conditioners, with either direct expansion or chilled water coil, need the waste pipe to be
connected with the central water trap, which canalises the condensate from the direct expansion coil. The
humidifier waste water discharge tube shall be connected too. The connections must be made on the
relevant fittings on the lower part of the right hand side panel. The connections already have an internal
siphon and are two: one for the condensate drainage and the other for humidifier outlet.

3.6 HYDRAULIC CONNECTIONS: WATER COOLED CONDENSERS

As for the units fitted with frigorific circuit and water cooled condensers il (W as the third character),
you shall also need to connect the feeding lines with the condensers. The tubes diameter is indicated in the
technical documentation; the inlet (in the right lower part of the condenser) and outlet (in the higher right
part). Anyhow the connections are shown on the following drawing.

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 If the feeding water comes from a well or a river, two filters shall be installed in parallel, one of them
as backup, with features conforming to the type of water used, to prevent the condenser from getting
clogged due to impurities in the water.
Mainly in case of presence of a double floor, the use of the “Water alarm” option is recommended, so
to have the possibility to close two solenoid valves installed on the hydraulic pipes and avoid room flooding
due to an emergency or a break down of any component of the installation.
Otherwise the installation of two manual shut off valves in a very accessible position is mandatory.

3.7 HYDRAULIC CONNECTIONS: COLD OR HOT WATER COILS

As for the units fitted with chilled water coil (U as the third character), or with an hot water one, you
shall also need to connect the feeding lines with them. The tubes diameter is indicated in the technical
documentation; the inlet and outlet conenctions are shown on both the following drawing documentation and
the appropriate self-sticking labels on the connections themselves.

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 Mainly in case of presence of a double floor, the use of the “Water alarm” option is recommended, so
to have the possibility to close two solenoid valves installed on the hydraulic pipes and avoid room flooding
due to an emergency or a break down of any component of the installation.
Otherwise the installation of two manual shut off valves in a very accessible position is mandatory

3.8 HYDRAULIC CONNECTIONS: STEAM HUMIDIFIER

The humidifier shall be feeded with tap water as indicated in par. 2.14, through the relevant
conenction in its bottom part. The sole connection to be made is the feding one as indicated in the following
drawing, with arubebr pipe whose diameter is indicated in the order confirmation. The discharge connection
is already carried ouside the unit by Tecnair.

3.9 FRIGORIFIC CONNECTIONS

Type copper for diameters up to 26 - 28, hard-drawn Gelidus-type copper for larger diameters. To
prevent copper dust or off-cuts from getting into the pipes, they shall not be cut with an arm saw, but only
with a link pipe cutter; then, the pipe ends shall be thoroughly cleaned. If the pipe ends need to be welded,
they shall be cleaned with a 00-type emery cloth in order to eliminate any possible trace of oxidation or dirt.

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Afterwards, the pipe shall be inserted into the joint and evenly heated until it reaches the stock melting point,
so that it may easily come into the joint to weld.

3.9.1 Lines connecting a unit with a remote air or water cooled condenser

DISCHARGE (HOT GAS ) LINE: It is located between the compressor output and the air condenser.
To make the connection easier, inside the air conditioner a pipe section long approx. 20 cm is connected
with the compressor output cock, that is, pinched and then welded to the free end.
After having made sure that the compressor valve is closed, the installer shall cut the pipe 5 cm
before the welded end, and welds the pipe that runs up to the air condenser. The pipe diameter shall be
selected as a function of the section of the connection to execute.
During its operation, the pipeline reaches 70° - 80°C temperature; as regards the good functioning of
the unit, this pipeline does not need to be thermally insulated, as the loss of heat along this section is
conducive to the good functioning of the cooling cycle.
Pipe insulation is required for safety reasons only where people may accidentally touch the pipeline,
or when this one runs under floor in direct contact with the conditioned air.

LIQUID (RETURN) LINE: This pipeline connects the output of the condenser with the air conditioner
input valve. It is weld connected with the condenser and the unit input valve. Its working temperature is
approx. 40°C and does not require any thermal insulation, but with conditioning units that need to work in
winter as well at temperatures below zero.

IMPORTANT: In case of installation with cooling lines longer than 10 meters with vertical sections
and condenser installed in a higher position than the internal unit, two non-return valves (or check valve)
shall be installed. The fisrt one on the supply line of the refrigerant liquid as close as possible to the
compressor outlet. This serves to prevent the refrigerant from going back through the discharge pipeline up
to the compressor due to the compressor stop, so damaging it at the start up and/or preventing the regular
start up and causing a high pressure block. Of course, the valves shall be mounted vertically so as to respect
the flow direction of the refrigerant. The second one shall be installed on the liquid refrigerant outlet from the
condenser as close as possible to this one and in vertical position this valve forbides the refrigerant migration
back to the condenser when the installation is switched off and the ambient temperature is very low.

3.9.2 Lines connecting a unit with a remote condensing unit

RETURN (SUCTION) LINE: It runs from the valve on the direct expansion coil output, and therefore from
the unit output, to the remote condensing unit. Its working temperature is approx. 5°C; it needs to be
insulated to prevent condensation.

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 LIQUID LINE: It runs from the output valve on the remote condensing unit to the input valve of the
air conditioner. Its working temperature is approx. 40 °C and does not require any thermal insulation, barring
the units that must work in winter too with temperatures below zero.

3.10 LINES LAYOUT FOR FRIGORIFIC CONNECTIONS

The correct route of the lines is fundamental to the good functioning of the units, and particular care
shall be taken in choosing and laying down the compressor’s supply pipeline, especially with long lines. In
particular:
The discharge line connecting the internal and the external units over the horizontal sections, shall be tipped
down by 2% at least in the refrigerant flow direction.
If the discharge pipeline needs to rise over 3 meters, a trap with the lowest bending radius shall be installed
immediately before each rising section.
A counter-trap as high as the highest part of the condensing coil shall be installed next to the condenser
joint.
All pipelines shall be clamped every 2 metres. The support fastening to the pipes shall be made so that no
vibration is passed on, and so as to allow the normal thermal expansion of the pipes, due to temperature
changes during the working.
A ¼“ charging valve shall be installed on both pipelines as close as possible to the external unit, in order to
allow discharging and charging the circuit.
The refrigerant input and output connections on the air condenser are identified by appropriate self-adhesive
labels. In any case, we point out that the heat exchange between air and refrigerant shall work in counter-
current. This means that the gas refrigerant input connection in the condenser is the farthest from the air
inlet to the coil, that is, the closest to the fans. Vice versa, the refrigerant liquid output connection from the
condenser is the farthest from the fans
REMARK; The drawing below shows only the discharge pipeline as that of the liquid does not require any
special precautions.

Figure 13: External

unit higher than the
internal unit.

3.11 LINES DIAMETERS FOR COOLING CONNECTIONS

The following diagrams – relating to 5°C evaporation temperature and 45°C condensation
temperature – allow easily dimensioning the suction, fluid, and discharge cooling pipelines. Given the cooling
capacity of the plant and the equivalent length of the line in question, the graphs permit to go back to the

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pressure drop per metre and therefore to the total pressure drop, which must always be lower than the peak
marked in the top right-hand corner of the diagram.
For instance, if you want to calculate the diameter of a suction pipe having equivalent length
equalling 24 metres, in a plant with cooling capacity equivalent to 28kW, we can draw 3 possible diameters
from the diagram at the following page (lines intercepted by the vertical line at 24kW): ∅28, ∅35, ∅42.
If we choose ∅28, the diagram provides (ordinate of point A), a 1.05 kPa/m unit drop, and therefore
a 25.2 kPa total drop along the line, which is higher than the suggested peak (20 kPa).
Conversely, if we choose the next greater diameter (35), we shall have a 0.4 kPa/m unit loss and a
9.6 kPa total loss, which acceptable. You are advised against using the greatest suggested diameter (42),
even if this is in accordance with the maximum accepted pressure drop, because an excessive diameter may
lower too much the refrigerant speed, which would result in bad oil entrainment.

Figure 14 diagram for suction pipeline dimensioning.

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 Figure 15: diagram for refrigerant pipeline dimensioning.

Figure 16: diagram for discharge line dimensioning.

Anyway, the following table can be use instead of the previously described method. It illustrates the
diameters suggested for discharge, refrigerant, and suction pipelines, as a function of the size of the different
units (expressed by the coding numerical order).

The table considers only two equivalent lengths for pipelines; for a more accurate dimensioning, you
can certainly use the diagrams above, which are generally valid.
Compressor Pipelines up to 15 equiv. m Pipeline: 15 to 30 equiv. m

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Unit Compressor Pipelines up to 15 equiv. m Pipeline: 15 to 30 equiv. m
size
21 2 6 12/14 10/12 16/18 14/16 10/12 20/22
31 Nom.hp
3
Rating10Kw Discharge
14/16
Liquid
10/12
Suction
20/22
Discharge
16/18
Liquid
10/12
Suction
20/22
41 3,5 hp 11 14/16 10/12 20/22 16/18 10/12 26/28
51 5 hp 15 16/18 10/12 26/28 20/22 14/16 26/28
71 6,5 hp 19 16/18 10/12 26/28 20/22 14/16 33/35
81 7,5 hp 25 20/22 14/16 26/28 26/28 14/16 33/35
101 10 30 20/22 14/16 33/35 26/28 16/18 33/35
121 12 36 26/28 14/16 33/35 26/28 16/18 39/42
151 15 45 26/28 16/18 33/35 26/28 20/22 39/42
72 2×3,5 hp 2×11 2×14/16 2×10/12 2×20/22 2×16/18 2×10/12 2×26/28
102 2×5 hp 2×15 2×16/18 2×10/12 2×26/28 2×20/22 2×14/16 2×26/28
132 2×6,5 hp 2×19 2×20/22 2×14/16 2×26/28 2×20/22 2×14/16 2×33/35
152 2×7,5 hp 2×25 2×20/22 2×14/16 2×26/28 2×26/28 2×14/16 2×33/35
202 2×10 hp 2×30 2×20/22 2×14/16 2×33/35 2×26/28 2×16/18 2×33/35
242 2×12 hp 2×36 2×26/28 2×20/22 2×33/35 2×26/28 2×20/22 2×33/35
302 2×15 hp 2×45 2×26/28 2×20/22 2×33/35 2×26/28 2×20/22 2×39/42
Figure 17: Inside/outside diameters of cooling lines.

Indeed, the columns relating to equivalent length up to 30m are true for longer sections as well;
however, where this is possible, we suggest to lay the unit out in such a way as to not have any excessive
lengths, resulting in a considerable flow resistance and consequent reduction of the exchanged cooling
capacity.
NOTE: in case of heat pump units the frigorific lines to be selected are the liquid and the
suction ones. Lines longer than 15 mt. are definitely not to be used.

3.12 COMPLETING THE REFRIGERANT CHARGE

The direct expansion air conditioners are shipped with only the necessary pressurization charge.
The condensers are shipped without charge
The additional total charge of an air-conditioning plant with direct expansion units to be matched with
a remote condensing unit (letter “A“, third position in the coding), is the sum of four factors:
Internal unit
Discharge line
Liquid line
Condenser
Conversely, with direct expansion units to be matched to a remote condensing unit (letter “E”, third
position in the coding), the addends are the following:
Corresponding pipeline inside the air conditioner
Suction pipeline
Liquid line

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 Remote condensing unit (not supplied by Tecnair; please address to the related technical
documentation)
In both cases, the replenishment due to the corresponding pipeline inside the air conditioner is null,
as this is usually pre-charged during the testing.
To know the quantity of refrigerant to replenish for the condenser (model “A”), you just need to draw
the volume from the relevant Tecnair documentation and multiply it by 0.3. Then, multiply the outcome by the
3
specific weight of the refrigerant (1.02 kgP/m , thus approximable to one).
Concerning the cooling pipelines, the replenishment is determined based on the diameter of the
pipelines being used and on their length. Table 7 below features, for convenience, the refrigerant weight (kg
per metre) for the liquid refrigerant, discharge, and suction lines (the refrigerant is question is R407C):

Weight in kg per m length (R407C)

Diameters ∅10/12 ∅14/16 ∅20/22 ∅26/28 ∅33/35 ∅39/42
Liquid line 0,09 0,17 0,35 0,58 0,94 1,31
Discharge line 0,02 0,05 0,09 0,16 0,26 0,36
Suction line 0,002 0,004 0,007 0,012 0,020 0,027

Figure 18: weight of the refrigerant in the lines.

So, to obtain the charge corresponding to each pipeline, you just have to multiply the data in the
table by the actual length of the contemplated pipelines. The sum of all the replenishments calculated (e.g.
refrigerant + discharge + condenser in case of units with direct expansion coil) gives the total charge to
replenish. We recommend the use of SUNISO 3 GS for units charged with R22 and MOBIL EAL ARTIC 22
BC and equivalent polyesters, for units with R407C.

3.14 DISASSEMBLE AND DISPOSAL

Tecnair LB air conditioners must be disassembled by skilled technicians.

The following points must anyway be respected:
Switch off the air conditioner directly from its microprocessor and then open the door lock main switch of the
unit.
Open the magnetotermic difefrential external switch to insulate the unit from the electric net.
Remove the electric conenction from the eletcric panel of the unit
Remove the refrigerant charge (if present) from the unit according to the local Rules for the ozone protection.
Disconenct the frigorific lines fromthe unit.
Disconenct the hidraulic lines, and the condenssate discharge.
The unit disposal is subject to the local Rules.
We suggest to contact a disassembling specialised Company
The air conditioners are essentially made by aluminium, copper and steel

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4 FIRST START UP
Before proceeding to the commissioning madae by Tecnair LB’s technicians, it is mandatory to follow the
instructions indicated in the following sheet (direct expansion units)

4.1 ELECTRIC CONTROLS

Before proceeding with the operations it is necessary to check that power connections have been
carried out correctly and that their operational level are in optimal conditions. Then it is recommended to
control that every screw of the terminals are accurately tightened down, both as regard the connections
effected on the terminal block and on the individual devices.
By mean of a voltmeter, make sure that the line voltage corresponds to that of the label with a +-
10% allowance. It is necessary, also, to check direction of the fans, starting them up without energizing the
compressor. If the rotation of fans is not correct, it is sufficient to change the connections on the terminal
board of two out of three phases of the feeding line of the machine.
Before staring up the compressor it is necessary to proceed to a control of the current absorption of
the various fans, by an amperometric wrench on each phase, to be sure that they do not exceed the limits
indicated on the electric wiring diagram supplied with the unit. If the absorption of one phase or of all the
phases of a motor is higher than the limit, it should be checked that the fan is operating in normal mechanical
conditions and eventually substitute the motor. When the compressors will be started up, it is necessary to
control that their absorption is within the fixed limits.
N.B. For units with scroll compressor only, therefore with “A” or “W”, as the third letter of the
coding.
The units with scroll compressors are standard-equipped with devices controlling the feeding
phases (sequencer). This device installed in the electric board is equipped with two LEDs (green and
red) marked “electric connection OK” and “invert phase connection” respectively. When the red LED
is on, the unit is not started up, for avoiding damages to the compressor.

4.2 CONTROLS OF REFRIGERATION CIRCUIT OPERATION

About four hours before starting up the compressors it is necessary to insert the general feeding
switch so as to give voltage to the carter oil heater in order to minimize the concentration of the refrigerant
present in the oil and the consequent involving of the same when the compressors are switched on, to avoid
to damage them. This operation must be repeated every time it is necessary to start up the compressors
after an idle period during which the voltage has been taken away by opening the general feeding switch.
This procedure is so important that the non-observance of it is voiding the guarantee of the machine.
After this, to start up the unit, first open the taps placed on the suction and discharge line of the
compressors on the exit of the liquid receiver (if present) and all the other valves present on the frigorific
circuit; at this point you can energize the unit pushing the ON button on the microprocessor or the selector

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on the units with electronic control. After 15 - 20 minutes of continuous operation of the machine it is
necessary to check the good operation of the frigorific circuit; to do this you have to control the following
operating point:
1. refrigerant charge of the circuit;
2. Evaporating pressure;
3. Condensing pressure;
4. Overheating of the suction line;
5. Sub cooling of the liquid line;
6. unclogging (if clogged) of the fluid line filter
7. Compressors power input;
8. High pressure switch good operation;
9. Low pressure switch good operation;
10. Operating temperature of the compressor.

As normally used by the air conditioning serviceman, here below we express condensing and
evaporating pressures using the relevant temperatures.

4.2.1 Refrigerant charge control

This is the first control to be made on a frigorific circuit; in fact if the charge is not correct the control
of all the operating parameters is without any sense. To control the charge it is enough to check at the liquid
gauge. If bubbles are not present, it means that the charge is correct (pay attention that this control is not
excluding that the charge is abundant); if there are bubbles it means that the charge is not complete or there
is a leakage; in this case, identify the leak and repair it.
Under normal conditions the indicator with chromatic change must be in green color; if humidity is
present in the circuit, the indicator tends to become yellow; in this case it means that humidity has been
entered in the circuit during operations and therefore the refrigerant and the filter drier must be changed.

4.2.2 Evaporating pressure control

To make this control a manometer with scale end = 8bar must be connected with the relevant
service valve ¼ “ on the suction valve of the compressor; check that the compressor valve is open. Tecnair
units are studied to have very large heat exchangers, and therefore very high evaporating pressures: about
3-6°C with input air temperature to the evaporator of 24°C. An evaporating pressure higher than the
indicated cannot be caused by a blink on the frigorific circuit, but only by a too high condensing pressure. A
too low evaporating pressure can be generated by several different causes (see diagnosis and failure repair:
low pressure switch intervention.

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4.2.3 Condensing pressure control

Connect a manometer (with scale end = 30 bar) with the relevant service valve ¼ “ on the discharge
valve of the compressor; check that the compressor valve is open.
For good operation of the frigorific circuit, the condensing pressure must be as constant as possible.
A low condensing pressure causes low evaporating pressure with a consequent high dehumidification; too
high condensing pressure is causes a low efficiency of the frigorific circuit and high electric power input.
Therefore, normally we try to keep in summer and winter a condensing pressure as close as possible
to 45 °C. In order to do this it is mandatory that condensers are selected to have the capacity to dissipate the
heat rejection of the unit (cooling capacity plus compressor power input) with a difference of temperature of
15 - 20 °C between air entering temperature to the condenser and condensing one.
So, when the external temperature is 30 °C the condensing temperature will be 45 -50 °C. Of course
when the air temperature is higher than 30 °C the condensing temperature will be higher than 45- 50°C, but
this cannot be avoided, and is not reasonably creating problems to the frigorific circuit.
Tecnair air-cooled condensers are provided with an electronic device made of a modulating pressure
switch connected with a regulator, to reduce the revolution speed of the condenser fan when the condensing
pressure is reduced due to the low ambient temperature. This device, water proof protection IP55, is placed
on the air-cooled condenser fan panel and is allowing a constant condensing pressure also during night and
winter.
In case the air conditioner is supplied without the relevant condenser, the revolution number variator
for the condenser can be ordered as accessory and installed inside the electric panel.
The device is already factory set, but should you need to change it due to a blink or only to reset it,
internally the cover a setting screw is provided. Turn this screw anti clock wise to increase the fan revolution
number (reduce the condensing pressure); turn it clock wise to reduce the revolution number and
consequently increase the condensing pressure.
On the modulating pressure switch on the liquid line sending the transformer the signal proportional
to the condensation pressure there is a screw. Turn this screw clockwise/anticlock wise to decrease/increase
the pressure in the circuit.

4.2.4 Sucked gas overheating control

Gas leaving the evaporator and arriving to the compressor is at the evaporating pressure but
overheated. For a good operating of the frigorific circuit the difference between sucked gas temperature and
the temperature corresponding to the evaporating pressure must be around 4 - 7 °C; this difference is called
overheating.

If overheating is more than 7 °C it means that:

Thermostatic valve is too close or defective. To open the thermostatic valve you have to remove the cap
placed on the lower part of the valve; then rotate anticlockwise the control shaft that is under the cap by one

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turn and after 30 minutes to allow the circuit to stabilise, recontrol the overheating; if this is not enough turn
an other turn.
refrigerant charge is not complete (bubbles on the liquid indicator)
Air inlet is too hot

If the overheating is less than 4 °C it means that:

Thermostatic valve is too open or defective; to close it proceeds as already seen by rotating clockwise the
control shaft.
Air filter is dirty or the coil is clogged
Fans are defective, wrong revolution

4.2.5 LIQUID REFRIGERANT SUBCOOLING CONTROL

Liquid refrigerant leaving the condenser is at the condensing pressure but sub cooled compared with
the temperature corresponding to the condensing pressure. Normally sub cooling ought to be between 2 and
7 °C.
If sub cooling is less than 2 °C it means that the condenser cannot get rid of all the heating
produced.
If sub cooling is more than 7 °C it means that the refrigerant charge is too high.

4.2.6 Filter liquid line clogging control

The filter on the refrigerating liquid line is of great importance in the units with refrigerating lines to be
completed in the factory to avoid allowing the circulation of eventual dirt, impurities or other leftovers from the
selling due to bad execution of the same lines which could therefore damage the compressor.
The clogging of the filter causes a pressure loss of the refrigerant and therefore a partial re
vaporization , with the presence of bubbles in led and a slightly noticeable loss in the temperature of the tube
upstream and downstream of the filter.

4.2.7 Compressor power input control

The compressor power input must be measured by an amperometric wrench on each single phase
on the electric line from the relevant contactor to the compressor, and compared with the one indicated on
the testing declaration of the unit.

4.2.8 High pressure switch control

Connect a pressure gauge with scale end = 30 bar with the servicing valve ¼ “ on the cock of the
compressor and stop the fans of the air condenser. At 24 bars the high pressure gauge must stop the
compressor. If at 25 bar the pressure switch has not intervened, stop immediately the unit and replace it.

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4.2.9 Low presure switch control

Connect a pressure gauge with scale end = 8 bar with the servicing valve ¼ “ and close the suction
cock of the compressor. At 1 bar the low pressure gauge must stop the compressor and start it up
automatically when the pressure is 2.5bar. If at 0.7bar the pressure switch has not intervened, stop
immediately the unit and replace it.
NOTE
On starting the compressor, the low-pressure switch is delayed by 180 seconds.

4.2.10 Temperature of the compressor control

Temperature of the top of the scroll compressor must be about 60/70°C; temperature of the bottom
must be about 25 - 30 °C. If temperatures are colder, and you can notice that the top of the compressor is
covered by condensate water, it means that temperature of the refrigerant is too low and therefore liquid
refrigerant tends to return to the compressor as a result of an insufficient level of overheating ensured by the
thermostatic valve. Proceed as seen at paragraph “sucked gas overheating control”.
If the compressor head is too hot: 50 °C or more, it means that the thermostatic valve does
not allow a sufficient refrigerant to pass to the evaporator, and that the overheating of the refrigerant
is too high; therefore proceed as per paragraph “sucked gas overheating control”. This phenomenon
can also be due to a defectuous compressor.

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5. MAINTENANCE
5.1 FILTER MAINTENANCE
The filters must be replaced whenever the relevant alarm asks for cleaning. The filter clogging can
be foreseen by checking the frequency of the request for cleaning. This way, this operation can be executed
during the normal unit stops, so avoiding interrupting the unit functioning in vain. It is important to remember
that before carrying out this intervention, the air conditioner must be cut off, and a notice must be put on it
saying that the unit is under maintenance. To execute the cleaning, the filters must be removed from the unit,
after cutting it off and after opening the back shutters. Only the shutters indicated in the drawing enclosed to
the unit shall be opened, using the appropriate key.
During the designing of the air conditioners, special care has been taken in eliminating all the sharp
edges or surfaces inside the units themselves, especially by those spots where the user needs to accede for
routine maintenance. However, there are some inner points that still present a risk of cut for the user: water
drain bac, coil fins, etc. So it is fundamental for the operator to be very careful on removing and then re-
inserting the air filters to not cutting his/her hands.
The G4 class filters normally installed on the outdoor air suction and on the expulsion air from the
surgical room cannot be clean and must be replaced. Their average life is about one month. Also the F7
class filter that is normally installed on the air supply to the surgical room cannot be clean and must be
replaced. Its average life is about three months. A sticker shall be put on the spare filters marking the date of
the replacement in order to have a reference of the residual life of the filters at all times. The filters shall be
disposed of together with the special waste of the hospital.
The air conditioners can absolutely not work without the filters, so you are strongly
recommended to purchase a series of spare filters from Tecnair, to ensure the continuative functioning of the
air conditioners.

5.2 HUMIDIFIER MAINTENANCE

All the air conditioner series “H” are equipped with an electronic modulating humidifier for controlling
the relative humidity in the environment. As previously mentioned, it is necessary to monitor very carefully
the steam production cylinder, and to analyse as much carefully the feeding water. The microprocessor
generally analyses the water conductivity during the normal operation of the unit, and the analysis can be
visualised on the display (Cfr. Use handbook). However, we suggest to perform chemical sampling analyses
on a regular basis to make sure that the water conductivity and hardness values fall within the limits
indicated above.
The member of the humidifier that require annual checks are the following:
Intake/discharge solenoid valve: remove solid scales, if any (use no compressed air).
Hydraulic circuit: remove scales, if any, from the whole water route of the water intake valve to the steam
production cylinder; check it for leaks or dripping.
Steam supply duct: check it for clogging along the route.

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Humidity feeler: re-adjust it, as necessary. Do not use any compressed air or solvents for cleaning the feeler
sensor!!
If the unit is disabled, we suggest draining all the water in the cylinder.
The steam production cylinder must be replaced whenever the lime scales inside the cylinder itself
prevent the water to pass sufficiently. As previously said, the frequency of the replacements depends on the
feeding water conditions: the more the water is rich with salts and/or impurities the more frequently the
cylinder shall be replaced.
The worn cylinder shall be replaced as explained below:
Make sure that the automatic no-tension drain function is set (see Use handbook)
Stop the unit and cut it off.
Drain and remove the cylinder.
Install the spare cylinder.
The worn cylinder shall be disposed of as described below:
Cut the plastic shell along its circumference using a hacksaw.
Unscrew the electrode nuts on the cylinder.
Remove the metal electrodes and separate them from the plastic crosspiece, if any.
The plastic part of the cylinder is made of polypropylene, and therefore it can be recycled completely;
the metal part is made of plate, and therefore it can be recycled as ferrous material.

5.3 FAN MAINTENANCE

We recommend checking the fan fins for cleanliness on a regular basis, and removing any dirt or
fouling mark, which may, in the long run, compromise the balancing the runner and damage the bearings.
Moreover, we recommend checking the fan motor cooling fins for cleanliness. If, during the
operation, any anomalous noise is produced, identify the defect, stop the unit, and solve the anomaly,
replacing the fan or the motor, if necessary.

5.4 COOLING CIRCUIT MAINTENANCE

The cooling circuit does not need any maintenance operation, but only periodical checks, which shall
be executed as indicated in chapter “Starting the unit up” starting from searching possible leakages, shown
by bobbles in the liquid flow indicator.
Check the condition of the cooling coil and clean it, if necessary, with hot water and soap, by means
of a brush with long and soft bristles. Compressed air may be used as well, provided that it is oil free.

5.5 ELECTRIC HEATER MAINTENANCE

It is enough to check it for cleanliness and regular Ampere absorption, according to the provisions
indicated in the relevant data sheet. If the electric heater is modulating type, check occasionally the
modulator for good functioning, which can be made by verifying the proper behaviour of the unit during the
heating, by visualising the 0-10V tension outgoing to the modulator from the microprocessor on the related
window. (See Use handbook)

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6. TROUBLE ANALYSIS
The following chapter aims at assisting the operator in searching possible troubles in the unit
equipment. Starting from the type of problem in question, indication is given of the possible sequential
causes of the trouble itself and the possible remedies.
The description of the causes is general, so it takes into consideration the most complete possible
versions of the units; the operator shall take care to identify, from time to time, only the matters of interest
and/or the functions actually featured in the unit in question.
Any intervention on the unit shall be carried out only by competent skilled personnel.
We recommend not executing any kind of operation if you have not enough knowledge of the unit
working principle.

Before executing any operation, cut the tension out!!

Legend of the failure diagram

FAILURE FUNCTION

CAUSE REMEDY

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6.1 «A», «E» AIR CONDITIONERS – COOLING CIRCUIT PROBLEMS

HIGH PRESSURE
BLOCK

AIR WATER
COND.. COND.

TOO LOW TOO HIGH INLET NON FUNCTIONING EXCESS.

AIRFLOW TO AIR OF THE FAN CHARGED
CONDENSER TEMPERATURE COOLING CIRCUIT

CHECK FOR TAKE THE WATER ELIMINATE CHECK CHECK THERMAL CHECK AND
POSSIBLE TEMPERATURE POSSIBLE CONDENSATION PROTECTIONS AND BRING IT WITHIN
CLOGGING ON EXPULS. AIR CONTROL SYSTEM ABSORPTION THE DUE LIMITS
THE COIL RECIRCUL. FOR GOOD
WORKING

CLEAN
CONDENSING
COIL

LACK OF WATER DEFECTUOUS EXCESS. DIRTY TOO HIGH INLET

PRESSOSTATIC CHARGED CONDENSER WATER
VALVE COOLING CIRCUIT TEMPERATURE

CHECK HYDRAULIC CHECK GOOD CHECK AND BRING CLEAN CHECK AND
CIRCUIT PUMPS FUNCTIONING AND WITHIN THE DUE RESTORE THE
AND joints ADJUSTMENT LIMITS ORIGINAL
CONDITIONS

Handbook code 75802206A.0204

Sheet 34 of 43
 LOW PRESSURE LACK OF
BLOCK COMPRESSION

DISCHARGED DEFECTUOUS LOW AIR FLOW IN LOW MECHANICAL VALVE BREAKAGE

COOLING CIRCUIT THERMOSTATIC THE EVAPORATOR CONDENSATION BREAKAGE
VALVE PRESSURE

SEARCH THE REPLACE THE CHECK THE DISCONNECT

LEAKAGE, THEN BELLOW CONDENSATION THE
RESTORE CONTROL COMPRESSOR
SYSTEM AND REPLACE

CLEAN AIR CHECK THE AIR CHECK FAN

FILTERS CIRCUIT, THEN SETTING
RESTORE THE
ORIGINAL
CONDITIONS

Handbook code 75802206A.0204

Sheet 35 of 43
6.2 «U» AIR CONDITIONERS – HYDRAULIC CIRCUIT PROBLEMS

NON COOLING

AIR IN THE TOO HIGH WATER NON OPENING OF

CIRCUIT TEMPERATURE AT THE THREE-WAY
THE EVAPORATOR VALVE
OUTLET

CHECK AND CHECK THE CHILLER AND

ELIMINATE THE BRING THE
AIR IN THE TEMPERATURE BACK TO
CIRCUIT DESIGN CONDITIONS

CHECK THE CHECK THE OPENING

CHECK THE ELECTRONIC SERVOMOTOR GOOD SYSTEM FOR
CARD FUNCTIONING MECHANICAL BLOCKS

Handbook code 75802206A.0204

Sheet 36 of 43
6.3 HEATING SECTION PROBLEMS

HEATING

HOT GAS
REHEATIN
G

WATER
TYPE
ELECTRIC
TYPE
NON REHEATING

NON HEATING
NON
FUNCTIONING
OF THE
SERVOCONTRO
MAGNETOTHERMIC THERMOSTATIC
SWITCH SWITCH
INTERVENTION INTERVENTION

CHECK FEEDING
AND MODULATING
SIGNAL

SHORT-CIRCUIT OR HIGH TOO LOW VALVE NON-

EARTH HEATER TEMPERATURE WATER OPENING
DUE TO LOW TEMPERATURE
AIRFLOW

CHECK
SERVOCONTROL
FUNCTIONING
DISCONNECT CHECK AND BRING
AND REPLACE BACK TO DESIGN
CONDITIONS

CLEAR AIR CHECK AIR CIRCUIT CHECK FAN CHECK CHECK FEEDING CHECK THE OPENING
FILTERS AND BRING BACK TO CONNECTIONS AND SERVOMOTOR AND MODULATING SYSTEM FOR
DESIGN CONDITIONS FUNCTIONING FUNCTIONING SIGNAL MECHANICAL BLOCK

Handbook code 75802206A.0204

Sheet 37 of 43
6.4 HUMIDIFIER PROBLEMS

NON WATER SHORT- TOO FULL

CHARGING CIRCUITED CYLINDER
CYLINDER

LACK OF TENSION FAILURE OF THE LACK OF WATER TOO CONDUCTIVE MAGNETOTHERMI LOW WATER
IN CHARGING CHARGING VALVE WATER C SWITCH CONDUCTIVITY
SOLENOID SOLENOID INTERVENTION

CHE CK THE DISCONNECT AND PROVIDE A MANUALLY

HUMIDIFIER‘S REPLACE THE SOFTENER DISCHARGE AND
ELECTRONIC SOLENOID ACCORDING TO RESTORE
CARD THE ACCEPTED
VALUES

CHECK THE
CONTACTOR’S
CONSENT

PRESENCE OF
POLYPHOSPHATE
MEASURING
DEVICES

NON WATER
DISCHARGE

CHECK WATER CLEAN PRESSURE CLEAN WATER ELIMINATE

TAPS REDUCER AT CHARGING VALVE MEASURING
CHARGING VALVE FILTER DEVICES
OUTLET

DEFECTIVE LACK OF TENSION

DISCHARGING IN DISCHARGING
VALVE SOLENOID SOLENOID

DISCONNECT THE CHECK THE

SOLENOID AND HUMIDIFIER’S
REPLACE IT ELECTRONIC
CARD

Handbook code 75802206A.0204

Sheet 38 of 43
 CONTINUOUS LACK OF BOIL
WATER
DISCHARGE

TOO FULL FOAM IN THE TOO FULL OPEN LACK OF OPEN MAGNETOTH RUN-DOWN
CYLINDER DUE TO CYLINDER CYLINDER DUE DISCHARGING WATER DISCHARGIN ERMIC CYLINDER
MAGNETOTHERMIC TO LOW WATER VALVE DISC G VALVE DISC SWITCH
SWITCH CONDUCTIVITY INTERVENTIO
INTERVENTION N

MANUALLY MANUALLY PUT SALT IN THE CLEAN SOLENOID MANUALLY DISCONNECT AND
DISCHARGE AND DISCHARGE THE FILLING BAC AND FILLING BAC DISCHARGE AND REPLACE THE
RESTORE THE CYLINDER RESTORE THE CYLINDER
MAGNETOTHERMIC MAGNETOTHERMIC
SWITCH SWITCH

CHECK WATER CLEAN FILTER AND CLEAN SOLENOID

TAPS WATER AND DISCHARGING
DISCHARGING VALVE
VALVE

VERY SMALL DISCONNECT AND

DISCHARGING REPLACE THE
PIPELINE PIPELINE

THE WATER RUN

OVER THE BAC

CLOGGED AND CLEAN AND

COUNTERINCLINED ELIMINATE THE
DISCHARGING COUNTER-
PIPELINE INCLINATION

Handbook code 75802206A.0204

Sheet 39 of 43
6.5 DEHUMIDIFICATION PROBLEMS

NON
DEHUMIDIFICATIO
N

DIRECT CHILLED
EXPANS. WATER

THE COMPRESSOR HIGH WATER HIGH HIGH WATER THE VALVE

DOESN’T START UP FLOW AIRFLOW TEMPERATURE DOESN’T
OPEN

CHECK THE BRING BACK TO BRING BACK TO CHECK FEEDING ON CHECK

CONSENTS ON THE DESIGN DESIGN THE HUMIDIFIER’S SERVOMOTOR
ELECTRONIC CARD CONDITIONS CONDITIONS ELECTRONIC CARD FUNCTIONING

ELIMINATE
POSSIBLE
MECHANICAL
BLOCKS IN THE
CLOSING SYSTEM

Handbook code 75802206A.0204

Sheet 40 of 43
 EXCESSIVE
DEHUMIDIFICATION

TOO LOW
DIRECT AIRFLOW CHILLED
EXPANS. WATER

TOO LOW TOO LOW

EXPANSION EXPANSION
TEMPERATURE TEMPERATURE

CHECK THERMAL CHECK ELECTRIC

CHECK BLOCKED FAN PROTECTION FAN CONNECTION CLEAN THE FILTERS
FAN INTERVENTION CHECK THE AIR
CIRCUIT

CHECK CHECK THE CHECK FOR TOO

THERMOSTATIC COOLING CIRCUIT LOW CONDENSING BRING BACK TO
VALVE FOR RUN-DOWN PRESSURE DESIGN
FUNCTIONING STATE CONDITIONS

Handbook code 75802206A.0204

Sheet 41 of 43
6.6 FAN PROBLEMS

LACK OF AIRFLOW THERMAL

PROTECTION
INTERVENTION
DUE TO HIGH
ABSORPTION

FUNCTIONING WITH THERMAL

OPEN SHUTTERS CLOGGED PROTECTION
FILTERS INTERVENTION

CLOSE THE CLEAN THE FILTERS

SHUTTERS

TOO LOW
LOW FEEDING HIGH AIRFLOW HIGH AIR AIRFLOW
TENSION TEMPERATURE

CHECK THE
TENSION FOR
GOOD REGULATION
BY MEASURING IT

REDUCE THE REDUCE THE CREATE

SPEED BY THE SPEED BY ADDITIONAL
SELECTOR (IF MODIFYING THE LOSSES OF
PRESENT) ELECTRIC PRESSURE IN THE
CONNECTION AIR CIRCUIT

Handbook code 75802206A.0204

Sheet 42 of 43
 PROTEZIONE BLOCCO DEL
TERMICA FLUSSOSTATO
VENTILATORE

ELEVATO FUNZIONAMENTO ROTTURA

ASSORBIMENTO MONOFASE AVVOLGIMENTO MECCANICA MANCANZA ARIA
IN
CORTOCIRCUITO

VERIFICARE VERIFICARE
CONDIZIONI TESTARE BLOCCO VERIFICARE CIRCUITO
FUNZIONAMENTO AVVOLGIMENTO MECCANICO O TARTURA E LA AERAULICO E
(ESPANSIONE SE LA MISURA GRIPPAGGIO FUNZIONALITA’ SENSO
CONDENSAZIONE RISULTA FUORI DEL MECCANISMO ROTAZIONE
VENTILATORE

CONTROLLARE LA CONTROLLARE EVENTUALMENTE

TBSIONE DI CONTINUITA’ DEI SOSTITUIRE IL SOSTITUIRLO
ALIMENTAZIONE SINGOLI COMPRESSORE
AVVOLGIMENTI

Handbook code 75802206A.0204

Sheet 43 of 43