MX 38 y

Energy Measurement and Management
MT381
Three-phase electronic
meters with PLC
communication, GSM/GPRS
modem and M-Bus
communication interface
Technical
Description
EAD 020.615.416
Vesion 1.00, 01.07.2011
Mx38y Single- and three-phase electronic meters with built-in DLC

modem, GSM/GPRS modem or RS485 comm. interface
Content:
Revision history .................................................... 3
1.
MT381 Three-phase electronic meter 4
2.
MT381 meter properties....................... 4
3.
MT381 meter characteristics................ 6
3.1. MT381 meter appearance............................ 6
3.2. Meter case (MT381) ..................................... 6
3.3. Overall and fixing dimensions (MT381)........ 7
3.4. Metering system (MT381) ............................ 8
3.5. Meter configuration (MT381)........................ 9
4.
Mx38y meter components .................... 9
4.1. Power supply unit ......................................... 9
4.2. Microcontroller with FRAM memory ............. 9
4.3. Real-time clock (RTC) .................................. 9
4.4. Liquid Crystal Display LCD ..................... 10
4.4.1. Signal flags on LCD ............................. 10
4.4.2. Tariff on display ................................... 11
4.4.3. Console display format ........................ 11
4.4.4. Data display ......................................... 11
4.4.5. Scalers................................................. 11
Table 2: Data for LCD display ............................ 12
Table 3: display error codes .............................. 12
4.4.6. Display of standard messages on meter
LCD display and P1 .............................. 12
4.5. LED............................................................. 12
4.6. Push-buttons and param-lock .................... 12
4.6.1. Reset push-button ............................... 13
4.6.2. Scroll push-button................................ 13
4.6.3. Auto scroll ............................................ 13
4.6.4. Global meter reset (only for testing
purposes in laboratory)......................... 13
4.6.5. Manual scroll........................................ 14
4.6.6. Menu navigation .................................. 14
4.7. Communication ports and channels........... 15
4.7.1. Optical port P0 - IR communication
interface ................................................ 16
4.7.2. Port P1 - RJ11 Interface ...................... 16
4.7.3. M-Bus communication interface (P2) .. 17
4.7.4. Communication profiles (P3) ............... 19
4.8. Inputs and outputs (option) ........................ 21
4.8.1. Terminal functions ............................... 21
4.8.2. I/O control ............................................ 21
4.8.3. Alarm inputs......................................... 21
4.8.4. Load control and Service control output
.............................................................. 21
4.8.5. MOS_FET output service ................. 22
4.8.6. Input/output status ............................... 22
4.9. Switching device......................................... 22
5.
Meter functions.................................... 23
5.1. Activity calendar and TOU registration....... 24
5.2. Internal clock .............................................. 28
5.3. Energy and power measurement and
registration ............................................... 28
5.3.1. Energy ................................................. 29
5.3.2. Demand ............................................... 29
5.3.3. Maximum (power) demand
measurement........................................ 31
5.4. Billing profile recorder................................. 31
5.4.1. Billing ................................................... 32
5.4.1.1. End of billing period .......................... 33
Mx38y_Technical_Description_DEWA_V1.00.doc
5.5. Load-profile (LP) recorder.......................... 33

5.5.1. Meter profile status.............................. 34
5.6. Counters .................................................... 34
5.7. Energy and power limitation, demand and
current supervision .................................. 34
5.7.1. Disconnect control............................... 35
5.8. Errors and event logs................................. 36
5.8.1. Events ................................................. 36
5.8.2. Errors................................................... 36
5.8.3. Alarms ................................................. 38
5.8.4. Long power failure eevent log ............ 41
5.9. Power quality supervision .......................... 41
5.9.1. Voiltage sag......................................... 42
5.9.2. Voiltage swell ...................................... 42
5.9.3. Voltage cut .......................................... 42
5.9.4. Daily peak and minimum ..................... 42
5.9.5. Voltage asymmetry.............................. 42
5.9.6. Neutral break detection ....................... 43
5.9.7. Power failure ....................................... 43
5.10. Identification numbers.............................. 43
5.10.1. Meter software identification - software
architecture........................................... 44
5.11. Security .................................................... 44
5.11.1. Access Security................................. 44
5.11.2. Low level Security (LLS) ................... 45
5.11.3. Message Security.............................. 45
5.11.4. Encryption and decryption................. 45
5.11.5. Security policy setup ......................... 45
5.11.6. High level security (HLS)................... 46
5.11.7. Tamper detection .............................. 48
5.12. Prepayment functionality ......................... 48
5.12.1. Payment mode .................................. 48
5.12.2. Credit transfer.................................... 48
5.12.3. Prepayment accounting .................... 48
5.12.4. Token credit....................................... 49
5.12.5. Emergency credit .............................. 49
5.12.6. Consumption based tariff charging ... 49
5.12.7. Time-based auxiliary charging .......... 49
6.
Limitation............................................. 50
6.1. Supervision monitor ................................... 50
6.2. Limiter ........................................................ 50
7.
Firmware upgrade............................... 50
8.
Sequences ........................................... 51
9.
Additional meter functions ................ 51
10.
Readout via built-in communication
interface ............................................... 52
11.
Meter connection procedure ............. 52
12.
Accessory for meters managing ....... 53
13.
Meter maintaining ............................... 53
14.
Anti-fraud protection .......................... 53
14.1. Position of the seals................................. 53
14.2. Wire seals ................................................ 53
15.
Meter connection ................................ 54
15.1. Meter connection of MT38y meters ......... 54
15.2. Meter Input/Output terminals ................... 54
16.
Technical data ..................................... 55
16.1. Terminal data ........................................... 56
17.
Type designation ................................ 58

Revision history
Version
1.01
Date
15.09.2010
1.02
22.11.2010
1.03
01.07.2011
Comment
Corrected new
English version
Corrected
version
DEWA
requirements
for MT381

1. MT381 Three-phase electronic meter

The MT381 three-phase electronic meter is designed
for measuring and registration of active, reactive and
apparent energy in single phase two wire or threephase four-wire network for direct and indirect
connection. Measuring and technical characteristics
of meter comply with the IEC 62052-11 and IEC
62053-21 international standards for electronic active
energy meters, class 1 or 2 (MID, class B or A) , and
with IEC 62053-23 standards for reactive energy
meters, classes 2 or 3, as well as with IEC 62052-21
standard for time switches.
Measuring and technical characteristics of the meter
also comply with the MID standards: EN 504701
(Electricity
metering
equipment
General
requirements, tests and test conditions - Metering
equipment: class indexes A, B and C) and EN
504703 (Electricity metering equipment - Particular
requirements - Static meters for active energy: class
indexes A, B and C).
Meter is designed and manufactured in compliance
with the standards and ISO 9001 as well as more
severe Iskraemeco standards.
The MT381 meter is a member of the fourth
generation of Iskraemeco electronic three-phase
meters for a deregulated market of electric power,
with the following common functional properties:
Time-of-use (TOU) measurement of active
energy and maximum demand (up to 8 tariffs,
12 seasons, 12 weekly programes, 16
masks, 16 switches),
Load-profile registration,
Billing registration,
LCD display in compliance with the VDEW
specification, with two modes of data display,
Internal real-time clock,
Two push-buttons: Reset and Scroll,
Optical port in compliance with the IEC 6205621 standard for local meter programming and
data transfer,
Built-in interface (IR) and a modem (PLC) for
remote two way communication, meter
programming and data transfer,
M-Bus multi-utility communication (option)
P1 serial port for customers OSM (Other
Service Module) module,
Plug-in switching device,
Limitation of supplied energy, power or current
(option),
Remote disconnection / reconnection of energy
supply to individual customers
Prepayment functionality
The MT381 meter utilizes the DLMS communication
protocol in compliance with the IEC 62056-46
standard and IEC 62056-21, mode C protocol.
The
MT381
meter
supports
some
more
functionalities, such as:
Detectors of the meter and the terminal cover
opening and tamper magnetic field,
M-Bus for communication with other meters

(heat, gas, water)
Frequency measurement
Unexpected consumption alarming
Code red limitation
Prepayment
2. MT381 meter properties

Measurement of energy and power (demand)
Meter sums energies (powers) of particular
phase as vectors, so it works according to
Ferraris
principle
and
at
poliphase
measurement it arithmetically sums particular
phase energies.
Active energy and demand meter
Accuracy class 1 or 2
Reactive energy meter
Accuracy class 2 or 3
Apparent energy meter
Modes of energy measurement and
registration
For one-way energy flow direction, three-phase
energy is algebraic sum of energies registered
in each of the phases meters are equipped
with an electronic reverse running stop.
For two-way energy flow direction, three-phase
energy is algebraic sum of energies
registered in each of the phases.
For two-way energy flow direction, three-phase
energy is sum of absolute values of energies
registered in each of the phases.
Meter connection to network
The three-phase meter can function as a singlephase or a two-phase meter.
Meter quality:
Due to high accuracy and long-term stability of
metering elements no meter re-calibration
over its life is required.
High meter reliability.
High immunity to EMC.
Time-of-use registration (TOU - up to 8 tariffs):
Tariffs change-over according to internal realtime clock.

Load-profile recorder:
Two load-profile recorders (i.e. daily and hourly
values)
Billing-profile recorder:
Two billing-profile recorders (each with up to 4
billing times)
Communication channels:
Infrared optical port in compliance with the IEC
62056-21 for local data downloading and
meter programming
Built-in DLC modem
Built-in M-Bus communication interface
Built-in RJ11 communication interface (one
way)
Built-in P1 communication interface
LCD display:
In compliance with the VDEW specification
Two Data display modes:
Automatic cyclic data display with display time
of 10 sec.
Manual data display mode (by pressing the
Scroll push-button)
Indicators:
on LCD:
- Presence of phase voltages L1, L2, L3
- Phase currents flow direction
- Actual tariff indication
- Status of switching device
- Meter status and alarms
- 3-state GSM signal level indicator
LED1: Imp / kWh
LED2: Imp / kVArh or imp/kVAh
Communication protocols:
Optical port: IEC 62056 21, mode C or DLMS
(in compliance with IEC 62056 46)
DLC modem: DLMS by IEC 6205646 (PLC
network management)
Identification system: IEC 62056 61
COSEM organization of data: IEC 62056-53
M-Bus: EN 13757-2 and EN 13757-3
IEC 61334-5-511 CIASE system
P1
port:
protocol
based
on
NEN-EN-IEC 62056-21 Mode D
OBIS data identification code: IEC 6205661
Auxiliary inputs / outputs:
Output for load control with a 6 A relay
Output for load control with an Optomos relay
Alarm inputs (high voltage)

M-Bus interface to which up to 4 gas, heat or
water meters can be connected
Active switching device outputs (switching device
ZO350)
Automatic configuration of an AMR system:
Meters are registered automatically into an
AMR system (Intelligent Network Management)
Additional meter functions:
Detection of phase and voltage unbalance
Measurement and registration of under- and
over-voltage
Generation of alarms and their transmition:
via the DLC modem and low voltage
network: alarm pull at Mx381 the
concentrator reads Alarm ON status
and Alarm OFF status registers from
the meter
Automatic meter setting into the repeater
mode (DLC repeater) :
Each meter can automatically enter into the
repeater mode and transmit data in both
directions, even with meters with which it can
not communicate directly.
Data transmission between max. 7 distant
meters which temporarily operate in the
repeater mode increases efficiency of
communication and effective distance
between the meters and a data concentrator.
Programming:
Programming of the meter as well as Firmware
upgrade can be done locally (via an optical port)
or remotely (via GSM modem) in compliance
with the predefined security levels.
Detection of meter and terminal cover opening
and tamper magnetic field
Simple and fast meter installation
Current terminals:
Make good contact with current conductors
irrespective of their design and material
Do not damage conductors
Voltage terminals:
Internal and/or external connection
A sliding bridge (for simple separation of
voltage part from current part)
Compact plastic meter case:

Made of high quality self-extinguishable UV

stabilized material that can be recycled
IP54 protection against dust and water
penetration (by IEC 60529)
3. MT381 meter characteristics

3.1. MT381 meter appearance
1
2
13
3
4
12
11
ensures double insulation and IP54 (IEC 60529)

protection level against dust and water penetration.
The top hanger is provided on the back side of the
meter base, under the top edge. On request, an
extended top hanger can be mounted on the meter
base, which ensures the upper fixing hole height of
230 mm above the line connecting the bottom fixing
holes (DIN 43857).
The meter cover is made of transparent
polycarbonate. A nickel-plated iron ring in the right
top corner is utilized for attaching an optical probe to
the optical port. There is a lid which is fixed to the
meter cover with a hinge. The lid covers the Reset
push-button and can be sealed in the closed position.
A terminal block complies with the DIN 43857
standard. It is made of high quality polycarbonate
assuring resistance to high temperatures, voltagebreakdown and assures mechanical strength.
5
6
9
10
7
7
8
Fig. 1: MT38y meter constituent parts

1. LCD display
8. Terminal cover
2. Technical data
9. Project number
3. Coupling circuit
10. Meter BAR code
4. Legend of registers
displayed on LCD
11. Impulse LEDs
5. Meter cover sealing

screws
12. Meter technical data
6. Meter serial number
13. Scroll and Reset

push-buttons
7. Terminal cover sealing

screws
Two screws for fixing the meter cover (item 5) are

sealed with metrological seals.
Two screws for fixing the terminal cover (item 7) and
the Reset push-button lid are sealed with seals of
electric utility.
3.2. Meter case (MT381)

A compact meter case consists of a meter base with
a terminal block and fixing elements for mounting the
meter, a meter cover and a terminal cover. The case
is made of self-extinguishing UV stabilized
polycarbonate which can be recycled. The case
Fig. 2: Terminal block of MT381 meter bottom view

1. Current terminals
4. Detector of opening a
terminal cover
2. Auxiliary terminals
3. Additional voltage
terminals
6. Alarm inputs
7. Port P1
Current terminals are made of zinc-plated iron and

have only one screw. A universal clamping terminals
assure the same quality of the contact irrespective of
the shape of the connection conductor (a compact
wire, a stranded wire, greater or smaller crosssections). They also assure faster meter assembly.
Current terminals for currents of up to 120 A have 9.5
mm hole diameter.
The meter can be equipped with max. four additional
voltage terminals - 2 (L1), 5 (L2), 8 (L3) and 11 (N).
They enable simple connection of additional external
devices. They can be connected to current terminals
directly or through sliding voltage bridges.
Up to 6 auxiliary terminals can be fitted on the right
side of the current terminals. There are connected M-

Bus and relay control outputs. Besides to the

optomos relay a 6 A bistable relay for load control
can be built into the meter.
Outputs:
- optomos relay (250 V, 100 mA)
- bistable relay (250 V, 6 A).
Position 0 upper position: When a voltage bridge

is in 0 position, it means that the voltage part is
separated from the current part. During the meter
testing and calibration the sliding voltage bridges
should be in position 0.
Detectors (switches) of the terminal cover and the

meter cover opening (on the PCB next to the optical
port) are built into the meter. Terminal block detector
triggers an event that lets you know if and when
terminal block cover or meter cover were opened.
Position 1 lower position: When a voltage bridge

is in position 1, the voltage part is not separated
from the current part. During the normal meter
operation the potential links should be closed
(position 1). Upon request, the potential links can be
built under the meter cover.
Fig 3: Terminal cover opening switch
Magnetic field detector (reed relay) triggers an

magnetic field detected event and no more magnetic
field detection event that are recorded in fraud
detection log book if and when there was an external
magnetic field (30-35AT) near the meter. This is used
for security reasons as some public might try to
influence the meters accuracy.
A sliding voltage bridge is intended for fast and

simple separation of meter current and voltage
circuits, used for calibration or accuracy testing. A
special slider is built in each phase of the connection
terminal. It can be shifted up and down with a
screwdriver.
Every fraud attempt is recorded to antifraud detection

log and alarm can be sent to operating centre if autodial is enabled. Alarm is also recognized by
scheduled readings of meter state in AMR system.
The terminal cover can be long or short. The meter
connection diagram is stuck on the internal side of
the terminal cover.
3.3. Overall and fixing dimensions

(MT381)
Fig.4: Terminal block
Mounting and fixing meter dimensions comply with

the DIN 43857 standard.
Fig.5: Sliding voltage bridge
Fig. 7: Overall and fixing dimensions of an MT381

meter fitted with a long terminal cover
Fig.6: Auxiliary terminals

Fig. 10: Block diagram of metering with Rogowsky

coil

meter fitted with a short terminal cover
Fig. 11: Metering principle of Rogowsky coil

meter fitted with a switching device and a long
terminal cover
Fig. 12: Explosion view of the Rogowski coil
3.4. Metering system (MT381)

Besides precision measurement of active energy and
demand in a wide metering and temperature range,
the metering system enables measurement of phase
voltages and currents. Three (on request four)
metering elements are built in the meter. The current
sensor is the Rogowski coil (a current transformer
with an air core), while a voltage sensor is a resistive
voltage divider. Signals of currents and voltages are
fed to the A/D converters, and then they are digitally
multiplied so that instantaneous power is calculated.
The instantaneous powers are integrated and
summed in a microcontroller, as well as further
processed.
1. Rogowski coil frame
3. Two Rogowski coils

(secondary winding)
2. Meter current loop

(primary winding)
4. Printed circuit board
The metering elements ensure excellent metering

properties:
1. Wide metering range
2. Negligible influence of disturbances and
influence quantities
3. Long-term stability so that meter recalibration is not required over its life
4. Long meter life time and high reliability in
use

Through current coil flows the current. Inside the air

coils (Rogowsky coil) voltage is induced due to
alternate magnetic field. Meter/measuring system
measures induced voltage on measuring coils which
is proportional to the current on input. On each phase
there are two Rogowsky coils. The first coil measures
energy and the second one is compensation coil that
measures outside disturbance. Compensation value
is substracted from measuring element.
Meter accuracy cannot be affected by external DC
magnet. Magnetic system does not contain magnetic
material that could be saturated by external magnet.
Meter accuracy cannot be affected by external AC
field. Two Rogovsky coils are placed together as
much as possible. In that case external AC field
affects both coils in same amount and AC field is
compensated.
3.5. Meter configuration (MT381)
5. LEDs
6. Two push-buttons (Reset, Scroll) and one
switch under the meter cover (Param)
7. Communication ports and channels :
P0 - IR optical port
P1 - RJ11 read-only serial port
P2 - M-Bus communication interface
P3 - DLC modem
8. Inputs and outputs :
Alarm inputs (option)
Load control relays (option)
9. Switching device
10. Detectors of opening a meter cover and
terminal cover and magnetic field detector
4.1. Power supply unit

The power supply unit is of a switcher type, which
enables a meter to operate accurately in a wide
voltage range. It enables a meter to operate
accurately even when the meter is supplied from a
single phase and voltage in the network is only 80%
of the rated voltage.
4.2. Microcontroller with FRAM memory

The
micro-computer
communicates
with
measurement ASICs, records active energy per
phase for all phases in one or more tariffs and stores
these values in various registers according to energy
direction and active tariff. It basically consists off:
Micro-controller
Non-volatile memory and
Real-time clock
The microcontroller acquires signals from the
metering element(s), processes them and calculates
values of measured energy. The results are stored in
energy registers for particular tariffs. It also calculates
demands and register maximum demand in billing
periods. The microcontroller also generates pulses
for the LED and the output pulses, enables two-way
communication via the optical port and the DLC
modem, and drives the LCD display and the control
outputs. It also enables registration of load-profiles
and events into a log-book.
Fig. 13: MT381 meter block diagram
1. Power supply unit
Non-volatile data memory permanently stores the

important data such as energy registers, statuses,
events, measuring data, to be safely stored in the
case of grid voltage failure being longer than 200ms,
profile data.
2. Microcontroller with non-volatile FRAM

memory
4.3. Real-time clock (RTC)
4. Mx38y meter components
3. RTC Internal real-time clock

4. LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) in compliance
with VDEW specification
A real-time clock integrated circuit with digital

calibration holds an internal calendar that provides
information about the year, month, day, day in a
9

week, hour, minute, second and leap year. The clock

accuracy complies with the IEC 62052-21 standard
for time switches.
A super capacitor (super-cap) is used as an auxiliary
power supply which holds data for at least 150 hours.
For complete charging of the super capacitor the
meter should be connected to voltage for at least 35
minutes. The clock is driven by a crystal with 32.768
kHz frequency.
Optional Lithium battery holds data up to two years.
Supercap or Lithium battery are used to retain
accurate clock during power loss.
the time synchronisation is larger than the clock shift

limit the meter will record the synchronisation as time
setting.
4.4. Liquid Crystal Display LCD

The 7-segment LCD display, with additional
characters and symbols, complies with the VDEW
specifications. Large characters and a wide angle
view enable easy data reading.
Date and time are represented on the meter display

like this:
Time: hh:mm:ss (hours:minutes:seconds)
Date: yy.mm.dd (year.month.day)
Clock object consists of several time/date related
attributes. These attributes are divided into:
Local time/date
Time zone
Daylight savings time (DST)
Fig. 15: Liquid Crystal Display LCD (all segments)
Time data format (attribute 2) is formed like this and

its the same in all other objects used in the meter:
Fig. 16: LCD display (real view)
YYYY MM DD WD hh mm ss hh dddd CS
Year
Month
Day
Week day
Hour
Minute
Second Hundredhts Deviation
Clock status
Fig.14: Time and date data format

Time zone is the deviation of local, normal time to GMT in
minutes.
Clock status shows if DST is currently active or not

128 (DST is currently active current time/date
is in DST boundaries)
0 (DST is currently not active current
time/date is outside DST boundaries)
Daylight savings begin/end defines the local switch

date and time when the local time has to be deviated
from the normal time.
Daylight savings deviation contains the number of
minutes by which the deviation in generalized time
must be corrected at daylight savings begin.
Deviation (in minutes shows the difference from GMT
time and clock status active/inactive DST. Deviation
range of up to 120 min.
Daylight savings enabled: to use DST, DST needs to
be enabled with start and end date set also.
Clock time shift limit is maximum allowed time shift (in
seconds) without registration of a time shift event. If
10
Data are displayed in the right bottom corner by

means of eight 8 mm high alphanumeric characters.
The OBIS code (by IEC 62056-61) is employed for
data identification (in accordance with DIN 43863-3).
OBIS code is displayed in the left bottom corner by
means of five 6 mm high alphanumeric characters.
Additional symbols indicating energy flow direction
are displayed in the left top corner. A physical unit of
displayed quantity (data) is shown in the right top
corner. The indicators of L1, L2 and L3 phase
voltages presence are displayed in the middle of the
top row. If certain phase voltage is not present, the
indicator of that phase is not displayed (do not lights).
The LCD display can be tested for malfunction and if
all the segments are functioning. When the meter is
in Auto scroll mode short press (2-3 sec) of the Scroll
push-button switches meter to test mode, which lasts
for 10 seconds and all segments are displayed. After
expired test time the meter automatically returns back
to Auto scroll mode.
4.4.1. Signal flags on LCD
In the LCD bottom row there are eleven signal flags
that indicate current valid tariff, meter status and
alarms. The meaning of the flags depend on the type
of meter. Shortcut meaning of each signal flag is
engraved on the meter name plate below each of the
signal flags, engraving can be custom defined and
meaning is shown in the table below :

Flag Name
Not displayed
1
2
3
4
5
6
T1/5
T2/6
T3/7
T4/8
MB
SD
SQ
REG/DLC
DRO
10
FF
SET
EC
Active first tariff

Active second tariff
Active third tariff
Active fourth tariff
No M-Bus device installed
Atleast one M-Bus installed
Disconnector inactive
Disconnector active
GSM signal lower than - GSM signal higher than 95dBm
87dBm
Meter
logged
in
the
Meter not logged in the GSM/DLC network with
GSM/DLC network
installation call made or not
enabled (for GSM/GPRS)
Meter data down-loading is
in progress
No fault
Fatal fault
Normal operation mode
Emergency Credit active
11
Displayed
Blinking
Active fifth tariff / param switch off
Active sixth tariff / param switch off
Active seventh tariff / param switch off
Active eighth tariff / param switch off
GSM signal between

95dBm and 87dBm
GSM/GPRS modem registered
installation call wasnt made
but
Data package is present in the AMR

communication network
Emergency Credit threshold limit expired
Table 1: Function of display flags

If the FF code is displayed, the meter should be dismounted and sent to an authorized repair shop or to
the manufacturer for examination.
are listed in the table bellow (complete list depends
on meter FW).
4.4.2. Tariff on display
Because data register identifications have bigger
identifications that display has available digits, these
Active tariff can be shown on the display. Also a
identifications are shortened and the table below
dedicated name can be constructed, but only with this
shows these identification codes. Which of the
numbers and characters:
registers will be displayed depends on the meter
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9
type.
A, B, C, E, F, H, I, J, L, P, S, U
b, c, d, h, i, l, n, o, r, t, u
4.4.3. Console display format
These objects are used to configure energy and
demand display format. There is a maximum of 8
total digits to be displayed for energy or demand
values. If needed, decimals can be set too. On
display Active energy is represented in (kWh),
reactive energy in (kvarh), and apparent energy in
(kVAh) and demand in (kW). The length of the display
is the first number of two digit number to be entered
and second is number of decimals. Eight digits are
possible to be displayed. If needed decimals can be
set also, but are included in the 8 digit total. Display
format examples:
60 6 digits, 0 decimals
82 8 digits, 2 decimals
4.4.4. Data display
Data defined in Auto scroll sequence and in Manual
scroll sequence are displayed on the LCD. Data from
Auto scroll sequence are displayed in a circle - each is
displayed for 10 sec. Scroll push-button should be
pressed to start Manual scroll sequence. By pressing
Scroll push-button display scrolls through data in a
circle. Data remain displayed until the Scroll pushbutton is pressed again or until the time for automatic
return to the Auto scroll sequence expires. Choice of
displayed data depends on customers request at
meter ordering. Most used data that can be displayed
4.4.5. Scalers
To understand the energy value given by the meter,
scaler units need to be considered. In some cases
the scaler needs to be higher than 0 (factor 1) for
energy values to fit in 8 digit display.
Scaler factor = 10x (x = scaler)
Display Value = Register value * scaler factor * 10-3
Because display value is always shown in k units
(103), the final value needs to be corrected with 10-3
Active Energy Value:
1234
Scaler (Wh):
1
Energy Value displayed:
1234*101*10-3 = 12.340 (kWh)
Code
Data description
0.0.0
Meter serial number
C.1.0
Meter manufacturer number
0.9.1
Time
0.9.2
Date
1.8.0
Total imported active energy (A+)
1.8.1
Imported active energy in the 1st tariff (T1)
1.8.2
Imported active energy in the 2nd tariff (T2)
1.8.3
Imported active energy in the 3rd tariff (T3)
1.8.4
Imported active energy in the 4th tariff (T4)
15.8.0
Total absolute active energy |A|
15.8.1
Absolute active energy in the 1st tariff |T1|
11

Code
Data description
nd
15.8.2
Absolute active energy in the 2 tariff |T2|
15.8.3
Absolute active energy in the 3rd tariff |T3|
15.8.4
Absolute active energy in the 4th tariff |T4|
2.8.0
Total exported active energy (A-)
2.8.1
Exported active energy in the 1st tariff (T1)
2.8.2
Exported active energy in the 2nd tariff (T2)
2.8.3
Exported active energy in the 3d tariff (T3)
2.8.4
Exported active energy in the 4th tariff (T4)
1.6.0
Total A+ imported maximum demand
2.6.0
Total A- exported maximum demand
F.F.0
Meter fatal error
Table 2: Data for LCD display

In certain cases error can appear on the display. The
list of errors that can be seen on the display is:
Code
Data description
ERROR11
ERROR23
Ident format failed

Ident not existing
Table 3: display error codes

4.4.6. Display of standard messages on meter
LCD display and P1
It is possible for grid companies and suppliers to send
standard messages concerning the supply of energy
to the meter. These messages are displayed on the
meter display and are also sent to port P1. Examples
of messages to customer concern for instance:
Reason for (dis)connect,
Reason for applying a threshold (limit) for
electric energy,
Impending shortage of prepaid credit.
Messages concerning gas or other submetering
devices, connected to M-Bus, can also be displayed
on the electricity meter display.
According to the meter measurement type LEDs can

be enabled or disabled. If the value in the register is 0
the LED is disabled, and if the value is higher than 0
(there are only a few simple number that are usually
used) the LED is enabled and blinking according to
the constant number entered and energy
consumption (impulses / unit).
4.6. Push-buttons and param-lock

Two push-buttons are built in the meter cover :
Scroll blue push-button is always

accessible. Its primary function is to scroll
data from the Manual scroll sequence on the
LCD.
Depending on the time of pressing the push-buttons
and a combination of pressed push-buttons they
enable:
Selection among the meter operation modes
Testing the LCD
Scroling of metering results and setting meter

parameters
Time of pressing the Reset push-button does not

influence in its function.
For the Scroll push-button we distinguish 3 different
pressing times :
short (t < 2 s) scrolling the display in

Manual mode
long - (2 s < t < 5 s) selection of displayed

submenu or function (disconnecting SD,
credit, or ESC)
extended (t > 5 s) displayed data get one

menu level back (e.g. if data from the third
level are displayed, then the Scroll pushbutton should be pressed three times, and
each time it should be kept depressed for
more than 5 sec in order to return back to
Auto scroll mode).
4.5. LED
The meter is provided with two red coloured LEDs on
the front plate. They are intended for checking the
meter accuracy. Impulse constant depends on the
meter version.
Upper LED indicates active energy flow
Lower LED indicates reactive / apparent energy
flow.
One indicates active energy flow, the other reactive
or apparent energy flow, all regardless direction
(import or export). In normal meter operation mode,
the LED emits pulses with frequency that is
proportional to the measured power and is intended for
meter calibration and testing. The LED is turned on
and glows steadily if load is lower than the meter
starting current. The impulse constant depends on the
meter type and setting.
12
Reset orange push-button is under the lid

with a hinge and can be sealed
independently from the meter cover,
DURATION TP[S]
0.2 < Tp < 2
2 < Tp < 5
5 < Tp
Table 4
COMMAND
SCROLL
ENTER
ESC

4.6.2. Scroll push-button

Scroll push-button functions are:
- Invoking LCD display test
- Scrolling data in Manual scroll
- Switching to the meter test operation mode
- Switching device disconnection or reconnection.
Fig. 18: Test of LCD display segments
Fig. 17a: Push-buttons
DURATION OF PRESSING ON
THE PUSH-BUTTON TP [S]
0.2 < Tp < 2
2 < Tp < 5
5 < Tp
COMMAND
SCROLL
ENTER
ESC
Table 6: Scroll push-button functions

4.6.3. Auto scroll
Auto scroll means normal common data display of
internal objects listed in Auto scroll object. After
power up, display is in Auto scroll mode and shows
values listed in that object every 10 sec. consecutive
in circle.
Fig. 17b: Push-buttons

Besides the above described push-buttons, the meter
is provided with the third Param lock switch, which is
built in the PCB under the meter cover. When
unlocked, it enables to enter the meter programming
in a laboratory. When locked, it is used as a
hardware-lock against tamper attempt.
4.6.1. Reset push-button
Reset push-button can be locked by a seal.
THE PUSH-BUTTON
PRESSING TIME TP [S]
COMMAND
2 < Tp < 5
5 > Tp
MENU
RESET
Table 5: Reset push-button functions

Reset push-button functions are for switching the
meter to test operation mode and for meter reset.
This push-button is used when entering a test menu.
The test menu can be entered only in the first five
seconds after a meter startup if a meter parameter
switch is open.
Meter can be reset also with meterview 5 application by

issuing global meter rest script.
4.6.4. Global meter reset (only for testing

purposes in laboratory)
The Reset and Scroll push-buttons are used to reset
the meter by pressing appropriate push-buttons,
following predefined time sequencies with Param
lock switch in off position. The push-buttons
pressings are tracked by messages on a display
( See Fig. 26: Normal meter reset).
Manual reset procedure :
Power-up the meter
Press Scroll push-button for 2-3 seconds,
the display shows test
13

Display
Display
Display test
tbd > 3s
Display
Display
Enter
test
ESC
Display
Reset
BLUE Key
wait
wait
Display
Meter power up
Display test
ORANGE Key
Display
tb < 5s
tb
Auto scroll
Display
tb > 5s
Auto scroll
Press BLUE or ORANGE key

Release BLUE or ORANGE key
Fig. 19: Meter reset procedure

Meter can be reset also with meterview 5 application by issuing global meter rest script.
4.6.5. Manual scroll

Manual scroll means data display of internal objects
listed in Manual scroll object. We can enter this
mode by appropriate pressing the Scroll push-button.
With pressing Scroll push-button data show on LCD
display consecutive in circle, but stay shown until new
push to Scroll push-button or until time for return to
Auto scroll mode expires.
Press Scroll push-button and hold it while

pressing and holding the Reset push-button
untill display shows Esc
Release first Reset push-button, display
shows reset and than Scroll push-button.
Meter can be reset with MeterView 5 application by
issuing Global meter reset script.
4.6.6. Menu navigation
After power up, meter is in auto scroll mode.
Predefined menu is available by appropriate pushbutton pressing. (See Fig. 20)
14
A user interface has only two menus: Auto scroll and

Manual scroll. The first one shows data stated in a list
in the 'General display readout' object. Transition
between a display of individual data from a list is
performed automatically. By short pressing the Scroll
push-button, the program goes to the Manual scroll
menu where data are checked by successive
pressing the Scroll push-button. A data list that can
be checked in the Manual scroll is stored in the
'Alternate display readout' object. A switching device
makes or breaks or emergency credit can be done
with a Scroll push-button.
Three console period timings are (fixed and cannot
be changed):
Exit period after last pressed push-button
(default is 120s)
Autoscroll period (default is 10s)
Backlight lit time after pressed push-button
(default is 60s)

Display Test
START
t = 6s
60s no activity
Auto Scroll
0-0:21.0.2
SCMD
SCMD
N
SCMD
Display Test
SCMD
Display registers
0-0:21.0.1
Scroll key hold > 8s
LEGEND:
on
CB mode
Release Scroll key

Scroll key release and
press again
SKH
off
SKH
CB==Off
Scroll key hold
Credit
SCMD Scroll command
N
SKH
SKH
EC SEL
Disconnect
Connect
SKH
Enter
Y
CB On
Credit
first time ?
SKH
Credit
SKH
SKH
Credit
SKH
CB Off
Disconnect
SKH
Figure 20: Menu navigation diagram
4.7. Communication ports and channels

The MT381 meters are equipped with the following
communication ports and channels:
a. P0 : Optical port IR communication interface
b. P1 : RJ11 local interface
c. P2 : M-Bus communication interface
P3 : - DLC modem
Fig. 21: Communication structure of MT381
15

4.7.1. Optical port P0 - IR communication

interface
Modules and a Metering System. The measuring

device has only one port P1, which is connected with
splitter. It is possible to connect more than one device
with OSM (Other Service Module).
The meter sends P1 data to the port every 10
seconds in order to receive frequent and up to date
results. Readout of data (up to 32 different data) can
be set in Data read-out register and can consist of
electricity meter data and submeter for gas, water
and heat data.
Fig. 22: Meter readout via an IR optical interface

The optical port complies with the IEC 62056-21
standard mode C or DLMS-HDLC IEC 62056-46 and
is used for local meter programming and data downloading via PC, laptops or PDA devices. It is located
in the right top corner of the meter. The
communication through optical port is serial
asynchronous with data transmission rate from 300
bit/sec to 115.200 bit/sec. Hand-held unit (HHU) or a
device with equivalent functions can be connected to
optical port. If the optical probe highest data
transmission rate is lower than 19.200 bit/sec, then
this data transmission rate should be the same
preset, otherwise communication through optical port
would not work.
Optical port setup in appropriate register consists of :
communication type (IEC1107 or DLMS UA)
communication speed (default and proposed)
response time
device address (manufacturing number)
two
passwords
(for
setting
and
parametrisation).
More than one system may be connected to the

measuring device, each system may request data
input and all systems will receive the same data sent
by the measuring device.
More than one OSM (Other Service Module) can be
connected to P1 through RJ11 connector and Splitter,
activated or not. All signals are compliant with TTL
levels (max current is 10mA and voltage 30V). The
port is activated by raising the request signal to 5V.
The connector is RJ11. The metering system holds a
female connector, standard RJ11 plug can be
plugged in. The connector in the metering system is
physically accessible at all times and should not be
sealed or protected by a sealed cover.
RJ11 pin asignment :
Pin #
1
2
3
4
5
6
Signal name
Description
Request
GND
Input
Ground
Data
Output
Table 7: Signals on RJ11 connector
Communication speed:
Default baudrate is baud rate for opening sequence,
proposed baud rate is baud rate to be proposed by
the meter, relevant for IEC1107. Communication
speed up to 115200 bit/sec is possible,
recommended baud rate is 38400 bit/sec.
Response time:
Communication response time is time between the
reception of a request and the transmitting of the
response and can be 0 to 20ms or 0 to 200ms.
Figure 23: P1 port connection
Device address is intended to identify a meter in the

group of meters. Each meter in one group must
therefore have a unique number.
4.7.2. Port P1 - RJ11 Interface
Port P1 is serial read-only interface for gas, gas
valve, thermal and water meters. There is no
separate interface for electricity meters since they are
a part of metering system. P1 port enables
communication between several types of Service
16
Fig. 24: Diagram for connecting more than one OSM

device to Port P1

P1 port settings:
Communication type is set to IEC 62056-21
(IEC1107)
Initial and proposed communication speed is
set to 9600 bit/sec
Response time is set to 200ms
No addressing is necessary
No passwords is used
P1 port readout:
With this object data readout information can be set.
This information can be also retrieved remotely,
usually over optical interface or over modem
communication.
Consumer messages:
If a device is connected, the meter will send the
message (code and/or text) over the P1 interface
every 10 seconds. The meter has storage capacity
for one numeric message code and one 1024
character text message. Message codes and text
messages are handled independently, but in the
same way.The messages are sent over P1 port every
10 seconds.
Consumer message text can be shown on P1 port
and on the display. Value is text message code with
numeric 64 digits.
Consumer message code is sent to P1 port without
any further interpretation, with maximum of 1024
characters.
4.7.3. M-Bus communication interface (P2)
Port P2 is M-Bus communication interface for gas,
gas valve, thermal (heat/cold) and water meters,
integrated in MT381 meter according to EN 13757-2
and EN 13757-3 (EN 13757-4 T1/T2 mode for
wireless M-Bus communication). M-Bus micromaster specifications. It enables the communication
between several types of meter and an electricity
meter, to which they are connected.
Fig. 25: M-Bus: wired and wireless infrastructure

(master (MT381) slave configuration)
P2 port enables connection of up to 4 slave devices

(water, gas and heat meters), where maximal length
of wiring is 50 m.
In the wired version the electricity meter functions as
the communication master, the other devices
connected to the M-Bus function as communication
slaves. M-Bus is a protocol that is described for
remote reading of meters in the European standard
EN 13757. It is a two wire system that provides
power to the devices. The requirements for M-Bus
are given in standard EN 13757 2. The bus
interfaces of the slaves are polarity independent the
two bus lines can be interchanged without affecting
the operation of the M-Bus devices. No physical
access for P2 port is possible by customer. The
connections to the P2 port are located behind a
sealable lid.
Due to uniformity reasons and independency of used
communication medium all data exchange over the
wireless and wired connection must be/are
encrypted. The electricity meter, functioning as BusMaster in the wired architecture and as Listener in the
wireless infrastructure, will gather and store
information from all connected meters or devices and
forward this information to the Central Access Server
(CAS). It will also control (e.g.) the gas valve. The
maximum number of M-Bus devices associated with
a single E-meter is four. This includes all wired and
wireless M-Bus devices.
Wireless meter data are exchanged according to EN
13757 4 standard. Devices are connected through
the wireless (RF) M-Bus connection according to the
T1/T2 mode of this standard.
The electricity meter is the master device, meaning
that all communication is initiated from it. If there is an
alarm in a connected device then this will be
indicated during the next reading of the device. It will
not generate an immediate alarm. The maximum
number of slaves in a master/slave wired
configuration, shown in figure below is four.
Fig.26: M_Bus master slave configuration and dongle

interface
17

As alternative solution for data exchange there is a

combination of hardware or software paired meterdongle. The dongle-master interface must be
confirming to the wired M-Bus specifications. The
wireless communication between the dongle and the
meter may be vendor specific, non-standard, with the
following restrictions: supplier should clearly show
that the wireless communication is encrypted with
same security level as for wireless communication is
required; dongle and meter may be a hard coded
pair, individual dongles and meters need not be
interchangeable. The dongle connected M-Bus
devices are regarded as wired M-Bus devices.
Communication specification:
The communication speed is 2400 baud.
The electricity act as an M-Bus master and
the external device as an M-Bus slave. A
maximum of 4 external slave devices is
possible.
The standard used for the application layer:

EN 13757-3
The standard used for the physical and link
layer: EN 13757-2
The On Request Read of G-meter is a service for

electricity meter read invoked by a call centre agent
during a customer call. The meter read represent the
current reading of the display of the meter. Generally
MBUS is composed by M-Bus protocol EN 13757-3
and physical carrier (electrical specification).
During standard operation the electricity meter will
collect the consumption data by sequent polling the
M-Bus by the available device addresses. A
maximum 4 of the external M-Bus meters could be
read. The retrieved data are organized in four
measuring channels. One channel per each
connected meter.
Electricity Meter Mx38x
1245678
Identifiers
Gas
Setup
Channel 4
1245678
Profile
Register 1
Channel 3
Cold
Water
M-Bus
1245678
Hot
Water
Disconnect Control
Register.1
Channel
2
.
.1 .
Register
Channel
1
.
Register.1 Register
n
.
.
n
. Register
.
.
.
Register
n
Channel x
Control Log
Values
Value 1
Value 2
Value 3
Value 4
1245678
Water
Register n
Fig.27: M-Bus channel model
Up to 4 values related to consumption data can be

extracted from the M-Bus data frame and stored to
electricity meter registers. Rule how to map data from
the M-Bus data frame to electricity meter register
could be defined by setting 4 VIF register for
particular channel.
submeters, reading periods should be rare, so they

are default set to 1 hour.
Auto-install procedure is implemented. It is invoked
by MT381 meter power up, by pressing the Reset
push-button or by command over port P0.
4.7.3.1. M-Bus related objects

Read consumption values are represented forward to
the system as COSEM extended register. Billing
reads, data, could be retrieved daily, weekly, monthly
at specified time or on request from the system.
Data exchange over the M-Bus wireless and wired

connection can be encrypted. MT381 meter as the
master device initiate communication on M-Bus
interface. Because of battery powered operation of
18
Main M-Bus related objects for each connected

device or channel are:
For identification there are Identification
numbers or device IDs:
o Device ID1: M-Bus equipment
identifier (4 instances, 1 per channel)
o Device ID2: M-Bus configurator data
identifier (4 instances, 1 per channel)
M-Bus master value holds last read value

Status of profile M-Bus

Event code M-Bus event log
Device type defines submeter medium (gas,
water, heat,).
We can read current captured results.
Hourly readings of measured values from
installed M-Bus submeters are captured to
M-Bus master load profiles (hourly captured
results).
Events and alarms captured from subdevices
are recorded to M-Bus master event logs.
With M-Bus master disconnect control it is
possible to switch the valve (intern or extern)
of the M-Bus submeter. For gas meter it is
control of opening and closing of the gas
valve.
M-Bus disconnect control scheduler to
dedicate the time point for connection or
disconnection.
M-bus disconnector script table for remote
reconnect and remote disconnect services of
the M-Bus disconnector object.
Time of the event (e.g. valve opening or
closing) and control event codes are
recorded to M-Bus master control logs.
Control log: Mx38y meter records time and
code of the switching event (e.g. valve
opening or closing) in the control log.
M-bus configuration flags (additional M-bus
configurations)
M-Bus client (subdevice) settings consist of
Primary Address (PA) and capture DIF-s and
VIF-s. They define which values and in which
units should be captured from subdevices.
M-bus alarms: four different groups of alarms
are used for M-bus events, directly related to
the devices, connected to e-meter:
o M-bus communication error
o M-bus fraud attempt
o M-bus device installed
o M-bus client decryption failed.
After installation of M-Bus device, there is a value

in the primary address PA. The meter recognizes
it and starts to communicate with the M-Bus
device.
Attention! Initial setting of subdevices PA should
be 0 (zero), to allow Mx38y meter to set next free
value during installation. If it is not zero, then all
PA-s of submeters must be different to prevent
collision during installation process.
4.7.4. Communication profiles (P3)

The communication profiles for MT381 meters is PLC
. DLMS/COSEM uses only the pull mechanism for
the application layer.
4.7.4.1. PLC communication interface (MT381)

PLC is power-line communication (DLC = Distribution
Line Carrier) over the low-voltage grid. PLC is about
power-line communication over the low-voltage grid,
which has interested several equipment and utilities
during the last decade, trying to achieve more reliable
communication over the power lines. The main
advantage with power-line communication is the use
of an existing infrastructure. Wires exist to every
household connected to the power-line network. The
power-line network is a large infrastructure covering
most parts of the inhabited areas. In power
distribution the power is typically generated by, e.g.,
a power plant and then transported on high-voltage
(e.g., 400kV) cables to a medium-voltage substation,
which transforms the voltage into, e.g., 10kV and
distributes the power to a large number of low-voltage
grids.
Each low-voltage grid has one substation, which
transforms the voltage into 400 V and delivers it to
the connected households, via low-voltage lines.
Typically several low-voltage lines are connected to
the substation. Each low-voltage line consists of four
wires, three phases and neutral. Coupled to the lines
are cable-boxes, which are used to attach
households to the grid.
A DLC modem for remote two-way communication is
built into the meter. The DLC modem is connected to
the low voltage network internally via L3 phase
(MT381). For successful communication with the
meter it is therefore necessary that L3 phase and
neutral conductors are connected to the meter. If the
MT381 meter is installed in a single-phase network,
the phase conductor should be connected to its L3
phase terminal.
PLC consists of three major parts:
The DLC meter
The Concentrator and Communication Node
(CCN)
The Operation and Management System
(OMS)
19

Customer
0.4kV
Meter
10kV
DLC
OMS
DLC CCN
Communication path
Central computer
Fig. 33: Typical PLC system
The DLC modem enables two-way communication

with a data concentrator built at the low voltage side
of a substation via low voltage network and uses
SFSK (Spread Frequency Shift Keying) modulation.
DLC communication system is based on Intelligent
Network Management principle (find, install, deinstall,
dynamic addressing).
Data transmission rate via low voltage network can
be up to 2,400 bit/sec. Data transmission rate
between the microcontroller and the DLC modem is
serial asynchronous with data transmission rate
4,800 bit/sec.
95
3 9
125
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
140
120
130
148,5
140
150 f[kHz]
Fig. 35: Frequency bands according to CENELEC
M o d u la to r
Coupler
Power grid
LTC
MAC
C o n tro lle r
D e m o d u la to r
DB
IS A
D U ID
Fig. 34: Meters DLC system
Coupler is LC filter with transformer preventing

against high grid voltages.
Modulator demodulator are the couple, modulating
demodulating signals under choosing demodulating
technique (SFSK spread frequency shift keying)
which means mark frequency (fm) for digital value 1
and space frequency (fs) for digital value 0. SFSK ==
|fm fs| > 10 kHz.
Carrier frequency is always in pair means fm & fs. For
the indoor system are defined as shows Napaka!
Vira sklicevanja ni bilo mogoe najti. are described
as central frequencies. Meter system use band A.
Systems with deferent frequency pair can not hear
each other.
20
AMR readout:
To establish the system for automatic meter readout
(AMR) two basic components are required:
A meter: MT381 (Server)
A concentrator P2LPC (Client)
Communication between the meter and the
concentrator is performed via a DLC modem that is
built in the meter and the concentrator. For correct
recognition of the meter by the concentrator, some
identification numbers that are stated below should
be written.
Device number
Device factory number
PLC Network Management process includes
management services for discovery and registration
of network elements, service for detecting if network
element responds (ping), service for clearing alarms
(clear alarm) and service for repeater status update
(repeater call).

4.8. Inputs and outputs (option)

Every meter can have functions that use input and
output terminals. These objects are used to configure
and show meters input and output controls. There are
some limitations in use since different functions are
shared on input and output terminals and some
functions (for hardware reasons) are not available on
all meters. Correct configuration of this object results
is the key in functionality of input/output functions.
These functions can be used to operate with:
Relay output
MOS-FET output
Outputs for active switching device (SD)
Alarm input
External key input / No voltage external key
input
4.8.1. Terminal functions
Terminal connectors serve as input or output for
certain meter function. Each function has its own
designated number by which it can be recognized in
the configuration:
Active switching Device output
Alarm input / Passive External Key
External Scroll / Reset Key
4.8.2. I/O control
80
15/
51
Fig. 36: Position of alarm input
4.8.4. Load control and Service control output

Load control output is a bistabile relay. The relay is
capable of switching 250 V, 6 A load. Service control
output is optomos relay capable of switching 250 V,
100 mA load. Switching of either of the outputs can
be controlled via built in time of use (TOU) by setting
the switching times for corresponding tariffs. By
default outputs are active when the low tariff is active.
Disconnect control state defines initial output state
and disconnect control mode defines the mode of
operation for each of outputs. Auxiliary terminals for
connection of outputs are on the left side of terminal
block (See fig 41).
34 Relay output
35 Common
72
71
Numbers represent meter terminal numbers on which

folowing functions could be executed.
71 - Defines active switching device output
72 - Defines active switching device output
15 - Defines Alarm Input 2 or External Key / 51
- Defines Passive External Key
85 - Defines Alarm Input 1 or External Key
4.8.3. Alarm inputs
An input for detecting auxillary alarm is available. It is
open collector optomos type and can be low voltage,
high voltage or special external key input. Inputoutput connection terminals are placed on the right
side of the meter terminal block and on the upper
additional plate. Input is controlled by voltage on
terminals. Control voltage is from 3V to 24V or 230 V
AC/DC .. Potential free external key input is simple
passive input capable to detect a presence of short
circuit on dedicated terminals (50 and 51).
Fig. 37: Position of outputs

Disconnect Control Mode defines the mode of operation of
Disconnect control. These are possible modes:
Mode
0
2
4
Description
None. The disconnect control
object is always in connected
state
Disconnection:
Remote (b)
Reconnection:
Remote (a)
Disconnection:
Remote (b)
Reconnection:
Remote (a)
Table 8: Disconnect modes
21

Disconnect Output State shows the actual physical

state of the disconnect unit.
(1) True
(0) False
tariffs. See also TOU settings. By default outputs are

active when the low tariff is active.
Disconnect Control State defines the internal state of

the disconnect unit. In the state Disconnected (0) the
relay is open. In the state Connected (1) the relay is
closed. State Ready to reconnection (2) is not used.
Possible control states are:
(0) Disconnected relay open
(1) Connected relay closed
of Disconnect control
Disconect control mode defines the mode of operation

Mode
0
2
4
4.8.5. MOS_FET output service

Service Control registers are used to configure
OPTO-MOS output with maximum capability of 0,1A
at 250V. Service control terminals are:
33 MOS-FET output
35 Common
Description
None. The disconnect control

object is always in connected
state
Disconnection:
Remote (b)
Reconnection:
Remote (a)
Disconnection:
Remote (b)
Reconnection:
Remote (a)
Table 9: Disconnect modes

state of the MOS-FET unit.
(1) True
(0) False
MOS-FET is open. In the state Connected (1) the
MOS-FET is closed. State Ready to reconnection (2)
is not used. Possible control states are:
(0) Disconnected MOS-FET open
(1) Connected MOS-FET closed
Fig.38: Service control terminals

This output can also be triggered via tariff program.
With Service Control Mode different types of
switching can be set. Available mode options are the
same as with load control.
Service Control State shows state of the MOS-FET.
In the state OFF (0) the load on the MOS-FET is
disconnected. In the state ON (1) the load on the
MOS-FET is connected.
With Service control power on delay, relay switch
delay at power up can be set and is used when
OPTOMOS state should be switched on. Desired
delay time should be set in seconds (s).
With Service control switch on delay, relay switch
delay at state switch can be set and is used when
OPTOMOS state should be switched on. Desired
delay time should be set in seconds (s).
Disconnect service control controls the connection
and disconnection of the relay. Switching of either of
the outputs can be controlled via build in time of use
by setting the switching times for corresponding
22
4.8.6. Input/output status

This is read only information of I/O status. I/O Status
is represented as a decimal number which is a result
of all input or output function statuses. Each input or
output function has its own designated bit in 16 bit
input or output register. This bit can be enabled
(logical 1) or disabled (logical 0). According to that,
HEX number is a result of the whole binary register
word. Not all bits in the register are used and some
are reserved for future functions.
4.9. Switching device

Switching device (SD) is used for remote
disconnection and reconnection of electric network to
individual customers. The meter controls the SD
directly. Control can be performed locally (from the
meter) or from a remote control centre using the
meter AMR communication. MT381 meter has plug-in
external switching device which is equipped with
terminal cover which can be sealed. Assembly is
simple since one part is inserted into the meter
terminal block, and another part is extension of the
terminal block.

Fig. 39: ZO350-D2 plug-in switching device 1

Figure 42: MT381 meter with attached SD
5. Meter functions
Fig. 40: ZO350-D2 plug-in switching device 2
1. Internal RTC clock

2. Activity calendar (TOU time-of-use energy
registration tariff program)
3. Measurement of electrical energy
4. Maximal electrical power (demand)
5. Instantaneous values (U, I, P)
6. Load profile recorder
Meter profile status
7. Billing profile recorder
8. Energy and power limitation, demand and
current supervision
Disconnect control
9. Errors and event logs
Events
Alarms
Power failure log
10. Power quality supervision
11. Identification
12. Security
13. Prepayment functionality
Fig. 41: Assembly of ZO3 plug-in switching device
23

YYYY MM DD WD hh mm ss hh dddd CS
Year Month
Day
Week day
Hour
Minute
Second Hundredhts Deviation
Clock status
Fig. 43: Date and time data format
5.1. Activity calendar and TOU

registration
The real-time clock enables complex daily and
weekly tariff structures and a few of seasons in a
year for which certain tariffs should be active.
Different actions can be performed with tariff
24
switching like registering energy values or switching

on/off bi-stable relay.
Different combinations of the tariff program are
avaliable:
Up to 8 tariff rates
Up to 12 seasons
Up to 12 day types

Activity Calendar
(Class_id:20)
calendar name
OCTETSTRING[1]
season_profile
ARRAY[4]
1.logical_name
Season
season_profile_name
STRUCTURE
OCTETSTRING[1]
2.calendar_name_active
season_start
OCTETSTRING[12]
week_name
OCTETSTRING[1]
3.season_profile_active
4.week_profile_table_active
week_profile_table
ARRAY[4]
week_profile
STRUCTURE
5.day_profile_table_active
week_profile_name
OCTETSTRING[1]
Monday day_ID
UNSIGNED
Tuesday day_ID
UNSIGNED
Wednesday day_ID
UNSIGNED
Friday day_ID
UNSIGNED
Thursday day_ID
UNSIGNED
Saturday day_ID
UNSIGNED
Sunday day_ID
UNSIGNED
6. calendar_name_passive
7.season_profile_passive
8.week_profile_table_passive
9.day_profile_table_passive
10.activate_passive_calendar_time
1.activate_passive_calendar
day_profile_table
ARRAY[4]
day_profile
STRUCTURE
day_ID
UNSIGNED
day_schedule
ARRAY[8]
day_profile_action
STRUCTURE
start_time
OCTETSTRING[4]
script_logical_name
OCTETSTRING[6]
script_selector
LONG-UNSIGNED
Fig.44: Activity calendar structure
To handle different tariff structures an instance of the

COSEM class Activity calendar is used. It is used to
store energy and demand according to tariff rate
schedule. It is a definition of scheduled actions inside
the meter, which follow the classical way of calendar
based schedules by defining seasons, weeks and
days.
After a power failure, only the last action missed
from Activity calendar is executed (delayed). This is
to ensure proper tariffing after power up.
Activity calendar consists of two calendars, active
and passive, and an attribute for activation of passive
calendar. Changes can be made only to passive
calendar and then activated to become active
calendar. Each calendar has following attributes:
Calendar name
Season profile
Week profile table
Day profile table
Calendar Name typically contains an identifier, which

is descriptive to the set of scripts, which are activated
by the object.
The season profile table can be divided into 12
periods (seasons), during which different week tables
are applicable. FF value is used for not specified
fields. Season profile consists of:
Season name
Season start date & time
Week name
25

The week profile table determines the day profile

table applicable for particular week day. 12 week
tables are available one week profile per season.
Since week day tables are only divided into days,
Monday to Sunday without time data, they are
repeated every week while they are valid according to
season profile. Value 255 is used for not specified
field. Week profile consists of:
Week name
Weekdays
The 12 day profile tables (to cover weekdays,
Saturdays, Sundays and special days) are divided
into day actions, which define individual tariff periods
for energy and power. Each of these day actions is
defined by the entry of start time. Up to 16 daily
actions (switching points) can be defined per one day
26
table. FF and 255 values are used for not specified

fields. Day profile consists of:
Weekday name
Day start time
Script table (usually tariff script table)
Script names (S1-S16)
Change Over to New Switching Program: new tariff
program structure is entered to passive calendar and
change over time and date are entered to attribute
active_passive_calendar_time of the class Activity
calendar. On entered time and date content of active
calendar will be replaced by tariff structure stored in
passive calendar. Immediate activation can be done
by setting the activation date to the current date or
with invoking the method active_passive_calendar.
For not specified use FF (e.g.
FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF800000)

Active Tariff Program

calendar name
season_profile
season
season
week_profile_table
week_profile
week_profile
day_profile_table
day_profile
day_profile
Execute method
Passive Tariff Program

calendar name
season_profile
Copy
Passive to
Active
Tariff
Program
Activate
Passive Calendar
Time
season
season
week_profile_table
week_profile
week_profile
day_profile_table
day_profile
day_profile
Fig.45: Passive to active calendar switch

objects can therefore be set separetly with diferent
masks.
Special days: exception days like holidays can be
preset in an object, which is instance of COSEM
class Special days table. There is space for 64
special days entries.
With Register activation registers which values
should be recorded and stored are determined.
Selection of registers depends on meter type and
configuration. Attribute 2 of this object shows which
registers are available in the meter to register. There
is a separate energy and maximum demand object
where data to register can be set. Energy or demand
Register assignment
Energy register assignement includes all 88 rated
energy objects from the meter.
Maximum demand register assignement includes all
56 rated maximum demand objects from the meter.
Tariff script table is intended for certain actions to be
performed according to tariff program (activity
calendar).
27

Tariff switch source determines the tariff triggering.

Only Tariff switching with internal tariff program (1) is
possible.
With tariff synchronization different tariff switching
modes can be selected. There are two options:
Tariff not synchronized with measuring period
(0)
Tariff synchronized with measuring period (1)
With option 1 the tariff switches at the time that is
selected in the calendar program and with option 0
tariff switches according to the calendar and waits
with the switch till the measuring period is over.
Currently active tariff is used to get information about
which tariff is currently active. Information in the
register is represented with a number that represents
certain tariff.
5.2. Internal clock

In the object Clock we set local time, time zone
(attention: East of GMT time<0!, opposite than on
timezone maps), DST start and end time and date,
DST deviation and if DST is enabled. To show local
time and date we have objects:
Local time and
Local date.
Clock shift limit object:
If the time synchronisation is larger than the set clock
shift limit the meter will record the event of clock
synchronisation to event log as time setting. Default
shift limit setting is 7 seconds.
Up to 16 individual changeovers inside

individual daily program (minimal resolution
between changovers is 1 minute)
Up to 30 programmable holidays defining

dates, which will override normal switching
behavior
Lunar holidays supported in compliance with

the Gregorian calendar (dates set for each
year)
Activity calendar consists of two calendars, active

and passive. Changes can be made only to passive
calendar. Then by activation passive calendar
overwrites active calendar to become new active
calendar.
Figure 46: Activity calendar and tariff programs
5.3. Energy and power measurement and

registration
Meter sums particular phase energies (powers) as
vectors, so it works according to Ferraris principle.
The meter measures and records electric energy in:
Single-phase two-wire network
Three-phase four-wire network: (MT38y).
According to implemented FW and settings meter

measures and records electric energy as :
Total (Li)
positive and negative active energy (A+, A-)
separately
absolute active energy A
positive and negative reactive energy (R+,R-)
separately
positive and negative apparent energy (S+,
S-)
In the meter energy is accumulated in respective
registers (A+ or A-) until Wh is reached, thus energy
measurement is shown in Wh. Default presentation of
the energy values on display is in kWh with 6 digits
without decimals. This can be changed by display
setting, separately for energy and demand.
The meter measures and records electric energy :

as total (Li, in all tariffs)
as particular tariff energy in activated tariffs
It is not possible to see energies of particular phases
as they are summed together.
Meters are provided with two metrological LEDs on
the front plate, intended for checking the meter
accuracy. Impulse constant depends on the meter
setting. First LED is dedicated for active energy
regardless of direction, second can be for reactive or
apparent energy.
Power is measured inside a measuring period. The
measuring period is a meter parameter and can be
set. Values that can be set are 15, 30 and 60
minutes. After termination of the measuring period,
the measured meter value is transferred from current
measuring period registers to registers for previous
28

measuring period that can be later used for the

formation of billing values.
u(t)
U(u )
Analog section
Volatege path
U(u )
Digital section
Sample
Correction
u ,u
un
U,I,f,
Sample
un
Udc
Uref
P=
fr
Reference
volatage
i(t)
I(i )
f ~P
Sample
Time base
Current path
1 N
Ui.In
N n=1
in
I(i )
Sample
in
Correction
i,i
P,Q,S,PF
EEPROM
,
Correction u u i,i
Fig.49: Measuring principle

Active energy
The micro-computer records the active energy for all
phases in one or more tariffs (rates) and stores these
values in various registers according to energy
direction and active tariff (rates).
Active energy import (+A)
Active energy export (-A)
Active energy absolute (I+AI+I-AI)
Active energy (I+AI-I-AI)
Reactive energy
Reactive energy import (+R)
Reactive energy export (-R)
Reactive energy Q1 (+Ri)
Reactive energy Q2 (+Rc)
Reactive energy Q3 (-Ri)
Reactive energy Q4 (-Rc)
Fig.47: Measuring principle
Q+
PS-
S+
P ( 1-0:1.2.0 - 1-0: 2.8.8 )

Q ( 1-0:3.2.0 - 1-0: 4.8.8 )
S ( 1-0:9.2.0 - 1-0:10.8.8 )
P+
Q-
Pd abs
E
( 1-0:15.4.0 - 1-0: 15.6.8 )

( 1-0:15.8.0 - 1-0: 15.8.8 )
u/i
( 1-0:31.7.0 - 1-0: 72.7.0 )
- Cumulative Max Demand Plus (All,T1-T8)

- Maximum Demand Plus (All,T1-T8)
- Energy Plus (All,T1-T8)
- Cumulative Max Demand Minus (All,T1-T8)
- Maximum Demand Minus (All,T1-T8)
- Energy Minus (All,T1-T8)
----------------------------------------------------------- Active Max. Demand Absolute (All,T1-T8)
- Energy Absolute (All,T1-T8)
----------------------------------------------------------- Current, Voltage L1 - L3
Apparent energy
Apparent energy import (+VA)
Apparent energy export (-VA)
5.3.2. Demand
The meter calculates an average Pd demand in a
time interval as a quotient of registered energy during
measurement period and Tp elapsed time.
Fig.48: Measured energy and demand
5.3.1. Energy
Measuring principle is shown on figure below.
Achieving measurement signals is made from
Rogowsky sensor. Analog signals are fetched from
analog sensor and are transformed into the digital
form where calculate procedure is performed. The
results are stored in the internal registers, where they
wait to be fetched by the meters micro-controller.
After completion of the measuring period this value is

stored to the register for previous measuring period
and compared with highest maximum value stored in
the relevant register and, if larger, stored as new
maximum value at its position. At the same time, a
time stamp is stored representing the time conclusion
of measuring period. The maximum values formed in
the individual tariffs are added at the end of the reset
period to the memory storage as historical values and
current cumulated maximum is reset to zero value.
Up to 18 historical values can be stored. The oldest
preliminary value is deleted each time a new value is
stored.
At the end of billing period demand registers (1.4.0,
1.5.0, 1.6.0) are recorded and stored prior being set
back to zero when new period starts.
A billing reset is always synchronized with
measurement
period
1.
Tariff
changeover
synchronization with measurement period could be
29

parameterized. This means that event does not occur

at the end of the measuring period but during the
measuring period, which has influence on demand
measurement in current tariff.
Demand = (E(n) - E(n-1)) / Td
Active power
Active power (abs(Q1+Q4)+abs(Q2+Q3)
Current interval demand
Last interval demand
Maximum demand
Maximum demand rate
Energy
Active (P)
Reactive(Q)
Apparent(S)
E(n-1)
Td
E(n)
Time
Reactive demand
Reactive energy import (+R)
Current demand
Last average demand
Maximum demand
Maximum demand rate
Reactive energy export (-R)

Current demand
Last average demand
Maximum demand
Maximum demand rate
Apparent demand
Apparent energy import (+VA)
Current demand
Last average demand
Maximum demand
Maximum demand rate
Fig. 50: Demand
Active demand
Active energy import (+A)
Current demand
Last average demand
Maximum demand
Maximum demand rate
30
Active energy export (-A)

Current demand
Last average demand
Maximum demand
Maximum demand rate
Apparent energy export (-VA)

Current demand
Last average demand
Maximum demand
Maximum demand rate
Instantaneous values
Instantaneous voltage
Instantaneous current
Power factor (+A/+VA):
Minimum power factor
Last average power factor
Instantaneous power factor
L1, L2, L3 instantaneous power factor
Instantaneous active import power (+A)
Instantaneous active export power (-A)
Instantaneous reactive import power (+R)
Instantaneous reactive export power (-R)
Instantaneous apparent import power (+VA)
Instantaneous apparent export power (-VA)
Instantaneous power factor
Instantaneous net frequency
Instantaneous active power (+P)
Average voltage
Demand according to averaging scheme 3
Active import demand according to average
scheme 3
Average import power
Last average

Active absolute demand according to averaging

scheme 3
Average total
Last average
Apparent power + according to averaging scheme
3
Current average
Last average
Averaging scheme 3 (Pavg3 for active and Savg for
apparent demand) is realized with sliding window of
known size. The size is determined with two
parameters. First is the number of periods considered
while the second is the duration of the period.
Interface consists of two distinctive registers. First
represents current average while the second
resembles last average.
Last average provides the value of the energy
accumulated (over the last
number_of_periods*period) divided by
number_of_periods*period. The energy of the current
(not terminated) period is not considered by the
calculation. Where last number of periods equals N
and period equals T. The size of the sliding window
(area of intrest) is thus T*N.
Fig.52: Calculation of demand over a known period

with sliding window
5.3.3. Maximum (power) demand measurement

The real-time clock generates a demand period.
Demand is calculated as an average value over the
demand period. The following demand periods can
be set in the meter: 5, 15, 30 or 60 minutes. At the
end of the demand period, calculated demand value
is stored, then compared with the maximum demand
and if larger, new value is stored to the maximum
demand register. In this way, the maximum demand
value is calculated until it is registered at the meter
billing time and then reset to zero.
Attention! Maximum demand period can be set only
at production time, it cannot be changed later.
5.4. Billing profile recorder
Fig.51: Calculation of demand over a known period

with sliding window
Current average provides the current value (running
demand) of the energy accumulated over area of
intrest Curr.
Measuring values are the basis for preparing an

invoice paper. Billing recorder implements periodical
storage of energy and maximum demand registers to
nonvolatile storage. Registers could be captured
periodically or aperiodically. They are stored at the
end of a billing interval (at billing time) to billing
record. There are two recorders each with up to 15
objects and time stamp, with up to 4 different billing
times (they can be single or periodical) and 2 different
modes (only capture or with maximal demand reset at
billing time). The meter keeps billing results for up to
last 18 billing periods (months). Billing times and
number of billing periods are set in the factory and
cannot be changed. Billing reset can be performed
remotely via communication channel. Billing results
cannot be displayed, they can be read out via
communication channels.
31

Captured
objects
Number of
records BP1
Number of
records BP2
60
49
42
32
26
38
31
26
20
16
Table 9: Approximate net capacity of the billing profile

recorders BP1 and BP2 (clock register is already
included):
5.4.1. Billing
Billing implements storage of energy and maximum
demand registers to nonvolatile storage. Registers
could be captured periodically or aperiodically
according to settings in the Single Action Schedule
implemented in SingleAction module. In addition
registers can be captured aperiodically with
command over communication port.
Billing data scheme 1

IC Class:
Single Action Schedule
IC Class:
Profile generic
Logical name:
0-0:15.0.0.255
Logical name:
1-0:98.1.0.255
End of Billing Script Table
Executed script:
0-0:10.0.1.255 (1)
IC Class:
Script table
Type:
5
Execution times:
Time_date 1
execute script 1
Time_date 2
Time_date 3
clocki, object1, object2, , objectn
Logical name:
0-0:10.0.1.255
clocki+1, object1, object2, , objectn
Script 1:
Action 1:
execute 1-0:98.1.0 capture
Script 2:
Action 1:
execute 1-0:98.2.0 capture
Time_date 4
Method 1:
execute
execute script 2
object2
Capture period:
0
Entries in use:
m
Executed script:
0-0:10.0.1.255 (2)
Profile entries:
m
Type:
Method 1:
Reset
Method 2:
Capture
Execution times:
Logical name:
1-0:98.2.0.255
Buffer:

Capture objects:
clock,
object1,
Logical name:
0-0:15.0.1.255
IC Class:
Profile generic
clocki, object1, object2, , objectn

clocki+m, object1, object2, , objectn
objectn
IC Class:
Single Action Schedule
Billing data scheme 2
Buffer:
Time_date 1
Time_date 2

clocki+m, object1, object2, , objectn
Capture objects:
clock,
object1,
object2
objectn
Capture period:
0
Entries in use:
m
Profile entries:
m
Method 1:
Reset
Time_date 3
Method 2:
Capture
Time_date 4
Fig.53: Billing read of e-meter
All data are stored in form of structure

BILLING_RESULTS
BILLING_RESULTS
attr
attr_crc
capture 0
capture
capture
APPL_CFG_BILLING_CAPTURES
Fig.54: Billing results

32
BILLING_ATTR
billing_count
last_stamp
available_count
last_position
BILLING_CAPTURE
stamp
active_energy
active_max_demand
active_max_demand_stamp
stamp_crc
active_energy_crc
active_max_demand_crc
active_max_demand_stamp_crc

The meter keeps billing results (energy and demand

values registered by tariffs) for up to last 18 billing
periods (months). A number of billing periods
(months) for which billing results are kept is set in the
factory and cannot be changed subsequently. The
billing results are stored in a FIFO memory, so that
they are always available for the last n (n = 1, 2,
18) billing periods, regardless if the meter billing
reset was performed by means of RTC or remotely
via communication channel. The metering results of
the past billing periods cannot be displayed; they can
be read out via communication channels.
The billing reset will not be executed immediately
the microcontroller will wait until the current demand
period is completed and after that the billing reset will
be executed. As long as the microcontroller waits to
execute the meter billing reset, the BR signal flag is
displayed. When meter billing reset is executed, data
from registers for a current month are transferred into
registers for a previous month, the registers for
current month are initialized and a reset counter is
incremented.
At the end of billing period demand registers (1.4.0,
1.5.0, 1.6.0) are recorded and stored prior being set
back to zero when new period starts.
5.4.1.1. End of billing period
Script is executed once a month typically at midnight
at the end/start of every month, however other times
can be set. Execution can be disabled if the
execution time is left empty or set with FFFFFFFF",
"FFFFFFFFFF.
There are two Single action schedule objects, 00:15.0.0 (end of billing period 1) and 0-0:15.1.0 (end
of billing period 2), which trigger billing actions and
presents start point for Billing Read E-meter events.
Billing period is the time, defined from one time point
to another. For the time point every Monday billing
period is one week long etc. Single action or no
actions events are possible too.
communication by invoking execute method

of corresponding instance of Script object
Billing mechanism is suitable for searching maximum
demand value in billing period requested by Electrical
energy supplier from overload electrical grid reason.
Every MP actual demand value is read in 1.4.0. but
old version of 1.4.0 goes in 1.5.0 like history and
compare with the 1.6.0. If read of 1.4.0 is higher than
1.6.0, new demand value overwrites 1.6.0. This job is
going till to end of billing period. At end of billing
period 1.6.0 value goes like the part of data bank in
billing profile and 1.6.0 takes zero value.
5.4.1.3. Data of billing period billing profile

Each billing profile has the capacity of 35 entries with
default number of capture objects (5) and max. of 88
with minimum number of captured objects (2).
Billing profile is the store for billing registers, actuated
by billing actions and stores monthly billing values.
5.5. Load-profile (LP) recorder

The meter has two load profiles load profile with
period 1 and load profile with period 2. Each profile
has its own buffer to store captured data, so there is
limit of stored data. More capture objects we select
less total capture data will be possible to store. Both
profiles are of compressed type, only one (first) time
stamp is shown. In each profile up to 32 objects can
be registered of which two are reserved for time and
meter status. The remaining 30 objects are used for
registering energy by tariffs depending on the set
saving period. Maximum profile capacity is:
LP 1 Capacity (time stamp, status, one
channel value) is 20000 entries
LP 2 Capacity (time stamp, two channel
values) is 9600 entries
Registration periods of 5, 15, 30, 60 minutes or a
daily value can be set. LP interval is configured in
advance and can be changed remotely.
Profile Generic (class_id = 7
1. object
... object
1. entry
2.buffer
3.capture_objects
2. entry
... entry
N. entry
... entry
7.entries_in_use
... entry
8.profile_entries
M. entry
1.reset
1. object definition
2.capture
... object definition
K. object definition
Max_capture_objects
5.sort_method
6.sort_objects
Profile_entries
3. entry
4.capture_period
5.4.1.2. Billing reset

A billing reset is the moment the billing period is over.
A billing reset is always synchronized with
measurement
period.
Tariff
changeover
synchronization with measurement period could be
parameterized. This means that event does not occur
at the end of the measuring period but during the
measuring period, which has influence on demand
measurement in current tariff. The billing reset could
be actuated:
internally by Single Action Schedule object
K. object
1.logical_name
Entries_in_use
Measurement period 1 is sub crowd of billing period.

Amount of Measurement period value is usually in
seconds (3600).
object definition
Fig.55: Load profile structure
33

Attention! Load profile is erased when new capture

period is set!
In LP1 recorder up to 14 objects with time stamp and
meter status can be registered and in LP2 recorder
up to 15 objects with time stamp can be registered.
Objects are used mostly for registering energy by
tariffs, but also demand, M-Bus submeter readings,
etc.
Bi
t
Status
None
Device
disturbanc
e
Clock
battery
discharged
Measurem
ent value
disturbed
Season
changed
Reset
cumulation
Device
clock
changed
Power up
Power
down
H
ex
00
D
ec
0
ER
R
01
CIV
02
DN
V
04
DS
T
08
10
16
20
32
40
64
80
12
8
CA
D
PU
P
PD
N
Load profiles cannot be displayed, they can be read

out via communication channels.
5.5.1. Meter profile status
The meter has two load profiles. Each has AMR
Profile status register with code size of 1 byte. The
following table describes codes and the function of all
bits. Events occurred during capture period are
stored to the profile status and recorded at the end of
capture period. After storing a value of profile status
register meter resets profile status register to zero
value.
Description
No event
A serious error such as a hardware
failure or a checksum error has
occurred.
The power reserve of the clock has
been exhausted. The time is
declared as invalid.
Indicates that the current entry may
not be used for billing e.g. due to
time shift or if no values have been
recorded during the capture period.
The bit is set when clock has been

adjusted
more
than
the
synchronisation limit.
This bit is set to indicate that anyphase power connection occurred
This bit is set to indicate that an allphase power failure occurred
Implemen
ted

Table 12: Meter profile (LP1 and LP2) status table
5.6. Counters
The re-closing counter represents number of the
power outages shorter than re-closing time (3
minutes).
Watchdog counter counts the watchdog resets.
5.7. Energy and power limitation, demand

and current supervision
The limitation functionality can be set and activated
during production or by remote action. Monitored
value level (threshold) and the allowed exceeding
period are set in the meter.
Limiter allows to define a set of actions that are
executed when the value of a monitored object
crosses the threshold value for more than predefined
period of time (e.g. the meter disconnects the
customer from network (via switching device) if
34
threshold limit was exceededlonger than set time

delay). There are normal and emergency threshold.
The emergency threshold is activated via the
emergency profile. Emergency profile is defined by
ID, activation start time and duration. This
mechanism enables the activation of the emergency
threshold only for a specific group of meters and only
for specified time window.
The customer can (after correcting the exceeding
level) reconnect network manually (after expired
penalty time of default 60 sec.) by pressing the Scroll
push-button on the meter for 2-5 sec.
Additionally to the limiter meter features additional
monitors (demand or phase currents) to observe
instantaneous values such as phase current and act
correspondingly on over threshold occasion.
Threshold power limit is set to 1.4x contracted power.
Power is calculated as moving average of 15
consecutive 1 minute power measurements. By
default the current threshold is set to 1,4x maximal
allowed current (or coupling fuses nominal current).

5.7.1. Disconnect control

Disconnect control manages an internal or external
disconnect unit of the meter (e.g. electricity breaker,
gas valve) in order to connect or disconnect, partly or
entirely, the premises of the consumer.
Disconnect and reconnect can be requested
remotely, via a communication channel, manually,
using a push button or locally, by a function of the
meter (limiter, prepayment, etc.). There are 3
possible states : disconnected (shut), connected
(open) and ready for reconnection. There are 8
possible transitions between states (remote, manual
and local reconnect and disconnect) and 7 different
modes of operation.
5.7.1.1. Switching device disconnector
Plug-in switching device is used for remote
disconnection and reconnection of electric network to
individual customers. Control can be performed
locally (from the meter) or from a remote control
centre using the meter AMR communication. ME38x
meters have build-in switching device.
Fig. 57: State diagram of the Disconnect control

Disconnect control object controls the connection and
disconnection of the premises of the consumer.
Disconnect Control Mode defines the mode of
operation of Disconnect control.
state of the disconnect unit.
(1) TRUE Closed Customer connected
from the network
(0) FALSE Open Customer is
disconnected to the network
Fig 56: Plug-in switching device
The state diagram and the possible state transitions

are shown in Figure below:

meter disconnects the customer. In the state
Connected (1) the customer is connected to the
network. In the state Ready to reconnection (2)
customer can perform reconnect manually on the
meter. Possible control states are:
(0) Disconnected Customer disconnected
from the network
(1) Connected Customer is connected to
the network
(2) Ready for reconnection Customer
disconnected
from
the
network.
Reconnection needs to be performed
manually on the meter
Disconnect control log contains all events related to
the disconnector, e.g. connect, disconnect, changing
of the disconnector threshold.
Structure: Timestamp Event Code
Max size: 30 entries
35

5.8. Errors and event logs

During operation meter performs tests of individual
functions. In the case of an error corresponding error bit
in the error register is set and/or corresponding alarm bit
in alarm register is set. The same event can be
presented as error and/or alarm. Difference between
errors and alarms is in their handling:
Errors cause (if error is not filtered out) setting of FF flag
on LCD display and record to some event log (local
notification),
5.8.1. Events
Events are generated by the meter itself or by its
environment. All these events are logged in several
event logs. Every event has a unique code to identify
the action which has triggered it. Every event is
assigned to one event log (event filter) and it is only
stored there. The E-meter features four different
event logs as described below. Additionally there is
one event log for all M-Bus devices as well as one
control log per M-Bus channel available. All logs
except the power failure log have the same basic
structure (timestamp and event code). The structure
per event log is fixed, i.e. it is not possible to store
different parameters per event.
Standard event log contains all events not recorded in
a special event log, e.g. changes of the clock,

changes of the configuration, clearing of profiles, all
kind of self check errors, activation of new
parameters, activation of new time of use, etc.
Structure: Timestamp Event Code
Fraud detection log contains all events related to the
detection of fraud attempts, e.g. removal of terminal
cover, removal of meter cover, strong DC field detection,
access with wrong password, etc. There is a 15 minute
hold-off period between two events (only events
detected after 15 of latest one are recorded).
Structure: Timestamp Event Code;
Fig. 58: Events handling logs

5.8.2. Errors
Error register contains an error code which
represents certain error or multiple errors. The error
register can be read and displayed at anytime to see,
if there is a malfunction in the device. Depending on
the type of error, some errors clear themselves if the
reason for the error has disappeared. Other must be
cleared via CAS. Nevertheless the events are stored
in one of the event logs.
During operation, the meter performs tests of
individual functions, and in case of an error is
represented with corresponding error bit in the Error
Object 1 register is set and with FF flag on the LCD
display. The Error Object 1 value register is 32 bits
long and is organized in 4 groups of errors:
Memoy errors
Communication errors
Clock errors
Control errors
Inside MT381 meter two sets of error registers are
implemented. First set is used to report errors with
DSMR-P3 standard (NTA/IDIS) , while the second set
is used for backward compabillity with other
Iskraemeco AMI meters.
36

Bit
0
Error
Clock invalid
Replace battery
(discharged)
Description
Clock is invalid
Clock battery or backup capacitor is discharged
2-7
Program memory
error
8
9
10
11
12
13-15
RAM error
NV memory error
Measurement system
error
Watchdog error
Communication error
M-Bus channel 1
Communication error
M-Bus channel 2
Communication error
M-Bus channel 3
Communication error
M-Bus channel 4
16
17
18
19
Indicates error in the meters program space (internal flash memory) when the
behavior of meter is unpredictable and the meter should be replaced. The
results stored in the meter should be inspected and validated.
Error detected in RAM (data) memory. The meter can operate irregulary
Error detected in non-volatile memory. The meter can operate irregulary
Error detected in measurement system. The measurement could be inaccurate.
Meter has been restarted by watch-dog circuitry.
Communication with M-Bus device on channel 1 is failed
20-31
Table 13: IDIS error codes register

Bit
0-7
8
9
10
11
12
13
1415
Error
ROM checksum error
Back-up data checksum
Parameters checksum
Profile checksum
Event log cheksum
RAM checksum
16
RAM error
17
FRAM memory error
18
19
2021
22
23
Measurement error
RTC error
24
Battery discharged
25
2631
Invalid time
Description
continuous running any unpredicted changes in

program code can be detected and reported.
Data memory
Error detected in RAM

(data) memory. The meter
can operate irregulary
Error detected in nonvolatile memory. The meter
can operate irregulary
Communication error
Display error
Clock battery or backup
capacitor is discharged
Clock is invalid
Table 14: IE error codes register

5.8.2.1. Memory errors
Program memory
Program memory is checked by integrity of program

code stored. Program code is signed by MD5
alghorithm during the build time. The signature is
stored together with program code in program
memory. In the run time meter calculates signature
over program code and compares it with previously
stored one. If signatures are different, Program
Memory Error flag is set.
Due to substantial size of program memory, program
memory checking runs as background task to not
affect normal exeution of other program code. By
Complete data memory (RAM) is checked during

initialization process of the meter, which is started
after power-up or firmware upgrade. During
initialization procedure a meter performs test of RAM
through whole address range. The test is exectuted
for every memory location and it is nondestructive.
The original content of memory location under test is
loaded to the CPU register, and then inverted content
is stored to the same memory loction and compared
with inverted content stored in CPU register. Upom
successful comparison of the inverted content, the
original content of memory location is restored and
compared with its copy sotred in CPU register at the
beginning of the test. If test fails, meter sets RAM
Error flag.
Otherwise during the normal operation meter checks
integrity data structures where critical data are stored.
Each time when such data structure is intentionally
changed, new signature is calculated and stored.
Later on when data are accessed again by the
program, th eintegrity can be checked by comparing
newly calculated signature with one calculated during
last intentinally change. If signatures do not match,
meter sets RAM Error flag. In such way coninious
monitoring of RAM is achieved.
Non-volatile memory
The non-volatile memory is used to retain the stored
information even when a meter is not powered. It is
used as long-term persistent storage for periodical
history data, billing data, event logs, register back-up
cpies, parameters and any other data meter needs
for normal start.
37

Data integrity checking is performed periodaclly or

randomly during data access. Checking of data which
are results of meter processes and they are changing
more often is done during data access. The meter
configuration parameters are checked periodically
with period of one hour. If any of the checks fails
Non-volatile Memory in errors register is set.
Check accuracy measurement
Checking of undisturbed operation and accuracy of
the meter, to certain extend, performs a meter by
itself. If any error is detected, meter reports it by
setting Measurement System Error flag.
5.8.2.2. Clock errors
Check battery state
The state of battery or real time backup capacitor is

monitored contiuosly and if voltage level falls under
specified threshold an error is reported by setting
Rwplace Battery Error flag.
Invalid clock
Current clock is compared with internal clock

structure and if there is any deviation error will be set.
When the meter clock is set the meter will reset
invalid time bit in error register. The energy registers
are not affected by Invalid time error.
5.8.2.3. Communication errors
M-Bus communication
Connection of meter with hosted M-Bus meter is

checked during communication with M-Bus slave
device. If there is no respond from a slave device or
there is a respond but structure of the data frame on
data link layer is incorrect, meter will set corresponding
error bit.
38
5.8.3. Alarms
Mx38y meter has two sets of two pairs of alarm registers
(together with alarm filter registers), all 32 bits long. First
set is used to alarm with DSMR-P3 standard

(NTA/IDIS), while the second set is used for
backward compabillity with other Iskraemeco AMI
meters.
There are 2 separate registers for ON and OFF alarm
statuses and also 2 registers to define which alarms
5.8.3.1. Alarm register
A selection of events can be made which are treated
as alarms (alarm filter). If one of these events occurs,
the corresponding flag in the alarm register is set and
an alarm is then raised via PLC or via GSM/GPRS.
All alarm flags in the alarm register remain active until
the
alarm
register
is
cleared
via
CAS
(acknowledgment). Typically fraud attempts are
selected as alarm triggers.
Typically fraud attempts and critical errors are
selected as alarm triggers. Power outages normally
can't be selected since the communication network is
also down in case of a power outage.
Each bit in alarm register represents a different
alarm. If the bit is set (logical 1) that alarm was
recorded. The value in the register is a summary of
all active and inactive alarms at that time. The value
should be viewed in binary type so that active alarms
can be visible. The table below describes which
alarms are implemented and which bit is assigned to
it.
The tables below give an overview of all alarms and
their assignment.

Bit
Alarm
Clock invalid
Description
Current clock is compared with internal clock structure and if there is any deviaton
the bit is set.
Clock battery or backup capacitor is discharged.
1
2
3
4
5
6-7
8
9
10
Replace battery (discharged)

A2*
A3*
A4*
A5*
Program memory error
RAM error
NV memory error
11
Measurement system error
12
13
14-15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24-31
Watchdog error
Fraud attempt
Asserted whenever a watchdog error bit in error register is set.

Alarm is rised whenever a fraud attempt is detected.
Comm. error M-Bus ch. 1

Fraud attempt M-Bus ch. 1
M-Bus device connected to the channel 1 does not respond.

Alarm is set when M-Bus device connected to the ch. 1 reports a fraud attempt.
Asserted whenever a program memory error bit in error register is set.

Asserted whenever a RAM error bit in error register is set.
Asserted whenever a NV memory error bit in error register is set.
Asserted whenever a measurement system error bit in error register is set.
Table 15: IDIS alarm codes register

Bit
Alarm
Alarm input 1
Description
Asserted when alarm input terminals are connected to 24 V AC/DC (230V
AC version is also available)
1-2
3
4-5
6
7
8
9
10
11-13
Alarm input 2
Asserted when alarm input terminals are connected to 24 V AC/DC (230V

AC version is also available)
Terminal/Mter cover opened
Asserted when terminal/meter cover is opened
Phase L1 missing
Phase L2 missing
Phase L3 missing
Asserted when phase L1 is missing (outage detected)

14
Asymetric voltage
15
16
Power fail
Neutral 0 current
17
Unexpected consumption
18-21
22
23
M-bus device installed on ch.1

M-bus device installed on ch. 2
24
System alarm instalation
25
26

27
M-bus client decryption failed ch 1
28
29
30
31
Fatal fault
Asserted when the difference between phase voltages is over certain limit.
(phase level is out of 3% range)
Asserted when power down occurs (power outage)
Asserted when the sum of the phase currents is equal to 0
Asserted if a switching device is opened and there is still energy flow
present consumption. (when consumption is not expected)
Indicates that new M-Bus successfully installed to the channel 1
Alarm is set during power up to indicate that meter is mounted and
powered. The alarm should be preconfigured with specialbit in GSM status
register.
Indicates that communication with M-Bus device connected to the channel
1 is successful but received user data cant be interpreted according.
Reason could be usage of an invalid encryption key.
Asserted when one of error registers is different from zero
Table 16: IE alarm codes register
39

All fraud attempts are grouped, i.e. for alarming it is

not necessary to see the exact type of fraud which
caused the alarm. This can be found out by checking
the error register or the appropriate event log.
5.8.3.2. Alarm filters
Depending on the capabilities of the CAS and the
policy of the utility, not all possible alarms are
wanted. Therefore an alarm filter can be programmed
to mask out unwanted alarms. The structure of the
filter is the same as for the alarm codes. To mask out
unwanted alarm corresponding bit in alarm filter
should be set (logical 1).
5.8.3.3. Alarm operations

With this objects alarm calls can be made when
certain error or action is recorded. The function uses
auto connects phone list where the phone numbers
(or IP addresses) are stored. There is a 32bit register
and each bit represents a type of error or alarm
occurred. To each of these types a phone number
can be assigned with the phone number index from
the auto connects list. If no call is needed a FF value
should be set for the corresponding alarm. There are
two types of alarm operations in the meter, and all
this is the same for both:
Alarm ON operations
Alarm OFF operations
Each byte represents an alarm bit according to the
table above. Value of each byte represents an index
of the phone number or IP number in auto connect
phone list (GSM/GPRS meters) or can be used as
alarm mask in other solutions. When alarm is
asserted the meter will call the phone number with
that index. If byte value is FF hexadecimal the
Figure 59: Alarm reporting process
40
corresponding alarm is disabled. When IP address is

configured as destination of alarm report, the COSEM
event notification message is sent to that address on
COSEM port. Such messages are sent via TCP
protocol. Only when remote server accepts TCP
socket
connection
from
the
meter
and
acknowkledges TCP notification messag eon TCP
layer, the alarm notification message is considered as
reported. Otherwise the meter executes alarm
sending retries according to parameters set in Auto
connect object (retries count and delay between
retries). The number of retries is configured the same
for all alarms.
5.8.3.4. Alarm delay filter
In these objects selected alarms can be set to be
triggered with delay, set in the alarm random delay
limit object.
5.8.3.5. Power failure alarm
Power failures shorter then value (in seconds) in this
register will not be sent as alarm. Meter has to be on
constant power supply for atleast 10 minutes (for fully
charged backup capacitor) in order for power down
alarm call to be executed!
Power failure alarm ON delay
Power failure alarm OFF delay should trigger
notification (alarm ON and alarm OFF operations).
Phone numbers or IP addresses to which
notifications should be performed are defined in auto
dial phone list (White list).
Alarm register contains an alarm code which represents
certain alarm or multiple alarms. Alarms cause (if they
are not filtered out) setting of corresponding bits in alarm
status register and if so preset procedure of remote
notification starts.

5.8.4. Long power failure eevent log

Power failure log contains all events related to long
power outages, i.e. start and end of a long power
outage. It is a simplified version of the full power
quality event log storing just the timestamp and the
duration of long power failures in any phase (00:96.7.19.255). The timestamp represents the end of
power failure!
Structure: Timestamp duration of long power
failures in any phase;
Long power failure log contains 10 records of start and
end of long power failures in any phase with duration
over 3 min (settable).
Threshold
Levels
Threshold
Voltages
Depths
Level 1
U > +10%
Level 2
+5% < U <

+10%
Level 3
0% < U < +5%
Level 4
-5% < U < 0%
Level 5
-10% < U < -5%
Level 6
-15% < U > 10%
Level 7
U < -15%
Sag
Swell
Cut
207V
253V
103V
Threshold Level
Counters
Counter 1 over
voltage
Counter 2 over
voltage
Counter 3 over
voltage
Counter 4 under
voltage
Counter 5 under
voltage
Counter 6 under
voltage
Counter 7 under
voltage
Voltage sag object
Voltage swell object
Voltage cut object
Table 17: Sag and swell detection model
Power quality module enables measurements and

analyzes of mains power system voltages. The basic
measurements of voltage sags and swells are the
Urms measurements on each phase. A voltage sag
or swell threshold is a percentage of Urms nominal
value, aggregated over recording time interval (by
default 10 minutes). If voltage is over predefined
swell threshold or under predefined sag threshold,
corresponding counter is incremented. NTA
thresholds are defined as 207 V for sag and 253 V for
swell.
The basic measurement time interval for mains
supply voltage is 200 ms, which is a 10-cycle time
interval for 50Hz power systems. Basic time intervals
are aggregated over recording time interval
(aggregation time interval), which is 10 minutes by
the default.
At the start of aggregation interval meter starts to
sample phase Urms voltages with basic time interval
and averages them. On the end of aggregation period
calculated average phase voltage is compared to
defined thresholds. If the voltage depth value
obtained at the end of aggregation time interval falls
below the one of threshold voltages presented in the
table below corresponding counter is incremented.
The depth is the difference between the reference
voltage (nominal phase voltage) and the average
Urms value measured on particular phase during the
aggregation interval.
Time threshold duration for sags and swells means

minimal duration to be detected. It is defined
separately for sags and swells and is by default 30
sec.
Meters measure and records daily peaks and
minimums of the phase voltages as peak and
minimum of the average voltage of all three phases.
There are current day and previous day daily peak
and minimum voltages recorded. Aggregated
recording time interval is by default 10 minutes.
Meter measures voltages and compares them to the
average voltage of all three phases to detect voltage
asymetry. If a difference is greater than predefined
(upper or lower) threshold, then alarm bit in ALARM
ON register is set. When symmetry is established
back alarm bit in ALARM OFF register is set.
The following picture illustrates sampling and
recording of an event: voltage sag. Picture shows
voltage dip from 9th sample to 22nd sample. Average
voltage of all samples is shown with straight line.
Average voltage value is also used to record
appropriate event: average voltage on picture is
about 214 Volts, 7% sag of 230 Volts.
Pow er quality voltage sampling example
235
230
225
V rm s
5.9. Power quality supervision
220
215
210
205
Power quality event log

Structure: Timestamp event code;
Under voltage, overvoltage, missing voltage, normal
voltage.
200
1
11
13
15
17
19
21
23
25
Samples
Fig. 60a: Voltage sampling
41

Fig. 60b: Voltage sampling

Threshold detection
x: L1=1, L2=2, L3=3, ANY=4
y: 1 7 treshold counter according to the table above
(7 registers for each phase)
5.9.1. Voiltage sag

Voltage sags are recorded when voltage drops below
Treshold for Voltage Sag for the time set in Time
Treshold for Voltage Sag. Also recorded in
designated objects are; each sag in counter objects,
magnitude of voltage sags and duration of voltage
sag.
Threshold for voltage sag
Time interval for voltage sag
Time threshold for voltage sag
Counter for voltage sag
Number of voltage sags
Magnitude for any phase voltage sag
Magnitude for Lx voltage sag
Voltage any phase under limit duration
Voltage Lx under limit duration
5.9.2. Voiltage swell
Voltage swell are recorded when voltage rises above
Treshold for Voltage Swell for the time set in Time
Treshold for Voltage Swell. Also recorded in
designated objects are; each swell in counter objects,
magnitude of voltage swells and duration of voltage
swell.
Threshold for voltage swell
Time interval for voltage swell
Time threshold for voltage swell
Counter for voltage swell
Number of voltage swells
Magnitude for any phase voltage swell
Magnitude for Lx voltage swell
Voltage any phase over limit duration
Voltage Lx over limit duration
5.9.3. Voltage cut
Threshold for voltage cut
Time threshold for voltage cut
42
5.9.4. Daily peak and minimum

Meters measure and records daily peaks and
minimums of the phase voltages and peak and
minimum of the average voltage of all three phases.
Measured voltage values are aggregate and average
during settable aggregation period. At the end of
aggregation period measured value is compared to
value stored in the current register and if it is greater
or lower then existing overwrite old value with respect
to that is it peak or minimum register. At the end if the
day values are copied from current registers to the
previous registers and current registers are reset.
5.9.5. Voltage asymmetry

Asymmetrical voltage upper threshold
Asymmetrical voltage lower threshold
Meter measures voltages and compares them to the
average voltage of all three phases. If a difference is
greater than predefined threshold, then alarm bit in
ALARM ON register is set. When symmetry is
established back alarm bit in ALARM OFF register is
set.
The level of asymmetry which triggers alarm can be
defined by two thresholds, upper and lower threshold.
Period synchronization is fixed at 10 minutes. Each
phase is sampled every 200ms and at the end of
10minute period average value for each phase is
calculated. All three phases are added together and
split with 3 so the result is average of all three
phases. This is nominal value and each phase value
is then compared with this value. If deviation
percentage is greater or smaller than specified, the
appropriate alarm is set. The default percentage
levels are:
Asymmetrical voltages upper threshold (00:128.7.50): 1030 = 103 %
Asymmetrical voltages lower threshold (00:128.7.51): 970 = 97 %
97 103 % is area in which the asymmetrical voltage
alarm bit is not set, but if the average phase voltage
is outside +/-3% range within 10 minute period this
alarm in Alarm ON status (bit 14) is set which is set
for the whole 10 minute period. When average phase
voltage drops back in 3% range, asymmetrical
voltage alarm bit 14 in Alarm OFF status is set.
These alarms are recorded in Alarm ON status and
Alarm OFF status.
Both alarms can be deleted. Alarm ON cant be
deleted if present voltage is outside 3% range. Alarm
OFF therefore can be deleted as soon as it is set.

couses Alarm
0-0:128.7.50 <- 1030 == 103%
3000
U Phase _ average = U Phase _ n / 3000
OK
n=0
U 3 Phase _ average =
U R _ average + U S _ average + U T _ average

3
OK
0-0:128.7.51 <- 970 == 97%
t
1
n+1
Start of sempling period
2999
3000
End of sempling period
U 3 Phase _ average == 100%
U R _ avg U S _ avg
U T _ avg
10min period
Fig.61: Voltage asymmetry calculation
5.10. Identification numbers

5.9.6. Neutral break detection
Due to the fact that the meter has internal neutral
point to prevent influence of absence of the neutral
line to energy measurement and fact that meter is not
connected to protective earth PE the detection of
neutral break is not straight forward. There are two
possible methods to detect neutral break but either of
them is not useful in systems with a symmetrical load.
The first method is monitoring of voltage asymmetry
as a consequence of the shift of internal neutral point
and another one is monitoring of sum of all phase
currents.In case of absence of neutral line the sum of
the currents in the system is equal to zero but
currents are different in amplitude and RMS values.
Detection of such condition refers to possible neutral
break. If previously described criteria are fulfilled
meter alarm bit 16 is set in ALARM ON register (IE
alarm system).
5.9.7. Power failure
Number of power failures
Number of long power failures
Time of power failure
Duration of long power failures
Time threshold for long power failure
Number of power failures in any phase
To be able to manage E-meter configurations every Emeter handles E-meter configuration identifiers. These
identifiers contain all the information necessary to
manage the E-meter settings. Every location in the
identifier presents the setting of the specified parameter.
The E-meter compiles a configuration identifier by its
internal configuration information. The E-meter
configuration identifier is handled throughout the AMR
system.
COSEM device logical name consists of following

information and is represented in ASCII format, e.g.
ISKT382M00000000:
Manufacturer (ISK Iskra)
Meter type (E38x single phase, T38x three
phase)
Meter restriction/access (M management, P
public, E Pre-establishment)
Factory number (ID 00000000)
Fig.62: COSEM logical device name structure
In Device address (register 0.0.0) unique (in certain

group of meters) meter number is set with length of 8
43

(alphanumeric) signs. For DLMS/COSEM protocol

device address is mandatory.
recognized. Revisions consist of revision number

structure plus build number (last two numbers).
Meter has nine different device IDs:
Device ID 1 (register 96.1.0) is meter factory

serial number or Manufacturing number set in
factory as 8 cipher long number
Device ID 2 is Meter equipment indentifier or
Customer ID, max. 48 signs long
Device ID 3 is function location, max. 48 signs
long
Device ID 4 is location information, max. 48
signs long
Device ID 5 is general purpose ID, max. 48
signs long
Device ID 6 is IDIS certification number.
Device ID 7
Device ID 8
Device ID 9 is meter ID, max. 48 signs long,
written into the meter at production phase with
codes for: Meter code, meter number,
manufacturer, manufacturing date, production
batch number, HW configuration ID.
5.10.1. Meter software identification - software

architecture
Meters firmware application is divided into two parts
core and module. Both parts (core and module) of
metering application use same identification with the
same structure. Identification is 16 characters long
and is organized in following way:
MMM SS DDDDD RRRRRR
Manufacturer tag
SW tag
Device type
Revision
Fig. 64: Meter FW identification structure
Manufacturer tag ISK for Iskraemeco (3

characters)
SW application tag AC for core and AM for
application module (2 characters)
Meter type Type i.e. MT382 (5 characters)
Revision Revision of core or module (6
characters)
Revision number is structured in three levels:

Mmmbb
Major revision number (M)
Minor revision number (mm)
Build number (bb)
Active FW core version
This is an object that identifies application core of the
metering software.
Active FW module version
This is an object that identifies application module of
the metering software (16 characters long).
Module
Results
Power
Quality
Profile
COSEM
Server
Other
IEC1107
Server
M-Bus
Client
Core
App
Core
Core
Results
Param
store
Protocols
Power
Limit
Platform
Platform API
Interrupt
Interupt
Service
Rutines
Active FW module signature

Signature is used to check integrity of module
software. It is calculated by MD5 algorithm (MessageDigest algorithm 5) and this length is 16 characters.
5.11. Security
Memory
Management
Managment
Time
Measure
Serial
Console
Hardware - CPU / RTC / NV Memory / Pheriperals/ ...
Fig.63: Software architecture
Identification structure:
Meters software consists of two parts, core and module.
Each part has its own identification with which it can be
44
Active FW core signature

Signature is used to check integrity of core software.
It is calculated by MD5 algorithm (Message-Digest
algorithm 5) and this length is 16 characters
Security
Management
includes
password
authentication and encryption for data accessed on
meters. Authentication and encryption keys can be
used and can be delivered during production process,
during commissioning process or in operation phase.
5.11.1. Access Security
DLMS/COSEM access security provides:
lowest level security (no security),
Low Level Security (LLS) enables client only
authentication with 4 level passwords.
High Level Security (HLS) enables client and
server four pass authentication with

challenge mechanism (client and the server

mutually
authenticate
each
other)
Authentication is used for association
establishing.
5.11.2. Low level Security (LLS)
LLS consists of authentication with passwords
(authentication keys 1 to 4 each up to 16 signs long).
To access meter data, a correct authentication is
needed. P1 is the entrance password for all system
meter communication. By matching password
different meter objects have different access levels
(from level 1 to 4 higher level allows more access)
and allow different activities on data (reading,
writing).
5.11.3. Message Security
DLMS/COSEM message security provides encryption
and authentication of the COSEM APDU with
standard symmetric key algorithms. It provides
combined confidentiality and authentication using
GCM cipher mode of operation.
Symmetric key algorithms (secret key algorithms) use
a single key to both apply the protection and to
remove or check the protection. For example, the key
used to encrypt data is also used to decrypt the
encrypted data. The key must be kept secret to retain
its cryptographic protection.
Key
Plaintext
Encryption
longer approved for Federal Government use except

as a component of TDEA. Each of these algorithms
operates on blocks (chunks) of data during an
encryption or decryption operation. For this reason,
these algorithms are commonly referred to as block
cipher algorithms.
Plaintext data can be recovered from ciphertext only
by using the same key that was used to encrypt the
data. Unauthorized recipients of the ciphertext who
know the cryptographic algorithm but do not have the
correct key should not be able to decrypt the
ciphertext. However, anyone who has the key and the
cryptographic algorithm can easily decrypt the
ciphertext and obtain the original plaintext data.
Galois/Counter Mode (GCM) is a block cipher mode
of operation.
5.11.5. Security policy setup
Security policy defines level of security with
authentication and/or encryption algorithm:
no security,
autentication (DES),
encryption (3DES),
autentication with encryption (AES).
Security Policy enforces Security Suite with
authentication algorithm and encryption algorithm.
Security process performs ciphering according to
Security Contexts which includes Security Policy and
Security Keys (Authentication Key, Global Key and
Dedicated Key). Ciphered COSEM PDU (Protokol
Data Unit) is authenticated with Authentication Key
which is Shared Secret used with COSEM High Level
Security. Ciphered COSEM PDU is encrypted with
Global Key or with Dedicated Key.
Note: The security policy can only be strengthened.
Ciphertext
Key
Ciphertext
Decryption
Plaintext
Figure 65: Encryption and decryption processes
5.11.4. Encryption and decryption

Encryption is used to provide confidentiality for data.
The data to be protected is called Plaintext.
Encryption transforms the data into Ciphertext.
Ciphertext can be transformed back into plaintext
using decryption. The Approved algorithms for
encryption and decryption algorithms are: the
Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) and the Triple
Data Encryption Algorithm (TDEA). TDEA is based
on the Data Encryption Standard (DES), which is no
45

EventNotification.Req
ACTION.Res
ACTION.Ind
SET.Res
SET.Ind
GET.Res
GET.Ind
COSEM Server Application Process
remotly via GSM connection

through optical interface
After this action normal (withoutht enycription) access
to optical interface is established again.
5.11.6.1. Ciphered COSEM PDU
Ciphered COSEM PDUs are encoded as OCTET
STRING and contain Security Header and Secured
Payload. Secured Payload can be only authenticated,
only encrypted or authenticated and encrypted.
COSEM Server Application Layer
Unciphered COSEM PDUs

get-request,
get-response,...
Ciphered COSEM PDUs
glo-get-request,
glo-get-response,...
Security
Context
DL_DATA.Req
DL_DATA.Ind
Fig.67: Ciphered COSEM PDU
Data Link Layer

Fig.66: COSEM PDU security
5.11.6. High level security (HLS)

Authentication algorithm enables client and server
four pass authentication with challenge mechanism
(client and the server mutually authenticate each
other). Authentication is used for association
establishing. Associations offer specific view to
COSEM objects with associated access rights to
individual objects. Encryption is used to provide
confidentiality for HLS.
In order to use HLS, only authentication key 3 must
be set while others must be left blank. DLMS has to
be used for HLS.
In production process Mx38y meters are configured
with provided Authentication Keys and Default
Encryption Key (0123456789ABCDEF default key for
DES). At the same time Security Policy is set to No
Security and allows commissioning to perform nonsecure operations with the meter. During installation
meter is commissioned to make the Default
Encryption Key operational. After commissioning the
meter is locked and blocks the optical port for
communication. Different actions are possible to
disable HLS (setting of security policy back to no
security with current enycription key) and to gain back
access to optical interface:
46
5.11.6.2. COSEM application association

establishement
During Application Association Establishment
both Application Context Name and Mechanism
Name are negotiated.
5.11.6.3. Parameter switch
According to parameter switch position bit 10 in the
register is changed. If the switch is in locked position
the bit will be set to 1 (register value is 263) and if the
switch is in disconected position bit 10 will be set to 0
(register value is 7). When the switch is not locked
the protection is disabled and when the switch is in
locked position the protection is enabled.
Parameter switch is the hardware part of the meter.
Its primary function is to prevent writing anything in
measurement platform and to prevent reset meter
parameters.
Parameter switch meaning in Meter reset procedure:
Disconnect meter, open a meter cover and
switch off the parameter switch
Connect a meter, the arrows on left down
corner are flashing (must)
Press a blue key than the orange key, display
has to show TEST
Press orange key than a blue key and hold
them, display shows ENTER than ESCAPE
Release the orange key, display shows
RESET, release the blue key
5.11.6.4. P1 password
P1 is the entrance password for system meter
communication. Normally number 12345678 is used,
which is also the factory default password. For Meter
View use password needs to be entered in
MV/Password/Enter Password window or with key

icon. For the optical port communication use same

P1 password needs to be entered.
5.11.6.5. Security setup
Security policy
Enforces authentication and/or encryption algorithm
provided with security_suite.
Nothing (0)
all messages to be authenticated (1)
all messages to be encrypted (2)
all messages to be authenticated and
encrypted (3)
Security suite
Specifies authentication, encryption and key
wrapping algorithm:
AES-GCM-128 for authenticated encryption and
AES 128 for key wrapping (0)
Client system title
Carries the client system title:
in the S-FSK PLC environment, the active
initiator sends its system title using the
CIASE protocol;
NOTE It is also held by the active_initiator
attribute of the S-FSK Active initiator object;
see (cross-reference will be completed in the
Blue Book);
during confirmed or unconfirmed AA
establishment, it is carried by the calling-APtitle field of the AARQ APDU;
NOTE If a client system title has already
been sent during a registration process, like
in the S-FSK PLC profile, the client system
title carried the AARQ APDU should be the
same. Otherwise, the AA should be rejected
and appropriate diagnostic information should
be sent.
In a pre-established AA, it can be written by the
client using an unsecured SET / Write
service.
Server system title
Carries the server system title. Read only.
Method description
Security_activate Activates and strengthens the
security policy:
all messages to be authenticated (1)
all messages to be encrypted (2)
all messages to be authenticated and
encrypted (3)
The security policy can only be strengthened
5.11.6.6. Security policy

This object holds current security policy number
which tells us which coded algorithm is currently in
use. Default value is set to 0 (no security) which
allows us to change encryption keys and
communications via IR interface (port 0) without
knowing encryption key. Security Policies are:
No security (0)
DES algorithm (1) all messages to be
authenticated
3DES algorithm (2) all messages to be
enryipted
AES algorithm (3) all messages to be
authenticated and encrypted
5.11.6.7. Security script table
When this script is executed, the default encryption
key is copied into encryption key object, security
policy changed to DES (1) and the access to the
meter through optical interface is disabled. The
commissioning is now executed.
5.11.6.8. Authentication keys
To be able to access meter data, a correct
authentication is needed. Upon Application
Association establishment, an authentication context
is negotiated between the client and the meter. This
specifies the required authentication of the peers,
and, where needed, the security algorithm to verify
the authentication. Three data access security levels
are provided:
Lowest Level Security (no security)
Low Level Security (LLS)
High Level Security (HLS)
The authentication is in the form of a 16 digit
password and is stored in authentication key object.
There are four different authentication levels, where
the highest level has fewer restrictions and more
parameters can be retrieved and/or changed. These
levels are with x=1-2, authentication key 1-2:
Authentication key 1
Authentication key 2
In order to use HLS, only authentication key 3 must
be set while others must be left blank. DLMS has to
be used for HLS.
5.11.6.9. Encryption
When security script table is executed, the default
encryption key is copied into encryption key object,
security policy changes to selected one (DES, 3DES
or AES) and the access to the meter through optical
interface is disabled. The commissioning is now
executed.
Default Encription Key is set in factory and is
0123456789ABCDEF. When security script table is
executed (commissioning), this value is copied into
enxcription key object where it can be changed. The
key length is dependad on which algorithm is to be
used. There are three simetrical algorithms (DES,
3DES, AES).
Default Encryption Key is configured in E-Meter
during production phase. At the same time Security
47

Policy is set to No Security and allows commissioning

to perform non-secure operations with the meter. In
the text we will find 0123456789ABCDEF number as
default key for DES.
5.11.6.10. Commissioning of e-meter
During installation the E-meter is commissioned via
the optical port by a handheld device by an installer.
The installer enters and reads by means of an
installer security state a list of relevant information in
the E-meter:
E-meter can operate in Credit or Prepayment Mode

depending on the Energy Mode. In Prepayment Mode
Available Credit can be revalued with Transaction.
Time synchronization
Security key
Tariff structure ID
ZIP code
Meter ID
Reset alarms
Activate default encryption key
After commissioning the E-meter is locked and blocks

the optical port for communication. Access to E-meter
is possible with Default Encryption Key or remote
GSM connection. To disable Commissioning and to
gain back access to optical interface (without entering
enycription key), a parameter reset needs to be done
(PD/PU), or remotly set the ecurity policy back to 0
(no securty). Tthis setting can be done with current
enycription key through optical interface or remotetly
via GSM connection. After this, normal (withoutht
enycription key) access to optical interface is
established again.
5.11.7. Tamper detection

Attempts to violate (parts of) the metering installation,
removal of the meter or terminal cover and fraud
attempts using magnetic fields are detected and
registered with a time stamp to Tamper detection log.
In the log are registered the last 10 violation attempts.
5.12. Prepayment functionality

The implementation of prepayment accounting
functions can be separated into credit and charge
functions. The credit functions include:
token credit function,
emergency credit function.
Two types of charge functions are implemented:
consumption-based tariff charges,
time-based auxiliary charges.
Prepaid functionality means that a meter only allows
consumption up to a remotely pre-set amount of
energy or credit paid in advance. At the moment
when no more credit is available, or an amount is
exceeded, the meter disconnects the customer from
the electric network.
A specified prepaid register counts at a rate equal to
the amount of consumed energy. The customer can
revalue the prepayment meter remotely (tokenless).
48
The prepaid register is tariff based. If the total amount

of prepaid cost for energy is consumed, the meter will
activate emergency credit - limit the level (as a
warning) for a certain amount of energy before totally
disconnecting. If the prepaid amount limit is reached,
the customer will be informed by an acoustic signal.
Fig.68: Prepayment function

5.12.1. Payment mode
The complete prepayment functionality in the meter is
activated via Payment Mode object. By setting this
mode to 1 (prepayment mode) the meter starts
prepayment functionality according to the parameters
set. When mode is set to 0 (credit mode) the
prepayment functionality is deactivated. Payment
modes are:
Credit mode where prepayment function is
deactivated (0)
Debit mode where prepayment function is
activated (1)
5.12.2. Credit transfer
The credit is transfered via virtual token. Virtual
token carrier does not require a human to transport
credit between the point where the token is loaded
onto the token carrier and the point where it is
retrieved from the token carrier by the payment
meter. Token carrier interface is implemented over
available communication interfaces.
Credit token transfer part of prepayment functionality
provides the possibility to transfer new credits into the
meter. For this purpose the virtual token carrier type
is used. This means that credits can be transferred
over any type of communication interfaces available
in the meter by using appropriate communication
protocols.
5.12.3. Prepayment accounting
The implementation of prepayment accounting
functions can be separated on credit and charge
functions. The credit functions include:
token credit function
emergency credit function
Two types of charge functions are implemented:
consumption-based tariff charges

time-based auxiliary charges
5.12.4. Token credit

Token Credit function deals with managing credit
registers according to credit token transfer. When
credit transfer is accepted the values of Available
Credit Register and Total Purchase Register are
increased for the amount credit transferred.
5.12.5. Emergency credit
Emergency credit function is used in situations when
Available Credit Register Value approaches or goes
under zero. For this purpose three parameter objects
are implemented:
Emergency Credit Initial Limit is used once
after meter installation for the purpose of
enabling the customer to make the first buy (or
transferring the first credit from the
management centre). It defines the credit value
which is available when emergency credit is
first selected by the customer.
Emergency Credit Limit, defines the credit
value which is available after the value of
Available Credit Register reaches zero and
the customer selects the emergency credit.
Emergency Credit Threshold defines the
positive value of Available Credit Register at
which the meter begins to notify the customer
that the credit will expire. When the value of
Available Credit Register falls below the value
of Emergency Credit Threshold, the meter
starts notification.
Emergency credit must always be selected by the
customer otherwise the meter disconnects the
customer from the grid when Available Credit
Register reaches zero.
Before we activate emergency credit, we must have
emergency credit. When available credit crosses the
emergency credit threshold, cursor 'EC' starts to
blink. This is the sign before breaker will disconnect
the load off the power supplay grid. Before
disconnect event will happen we can prevent
disconnect by activation emergency credit. This is
procedure to rent the time while we can fill the meter
credit.
Emergency credit is invoked with meters keys like
this:
Press and hold down a blue key until the
display show 'Credit'
Release the blue key, display must show 'EC'
lit, means emergency credit is activated
5.12.6. Consumption based tariff charging
Consumption-based tariff charging is bound to energy
consumption
register
via
Energy
Register
Reference object which contains the COSEM logical

name of energy consumption register.
In each accounting period meter calculates the
increment of energy consumption from the previous
accounting period. The increment is then multiplied
by the appropriate tariff charge rate according to
meter tariff definition. The calculated charge advance
based on consumption is finally charged from the
customers credit. When available credit reaches zero
the meter logs an event 0x8015 (available credit
expired).
In the accounting process the active tariff charge
rates are used. Those rates cannot be set directly but
must be activated through passive tariff charge rate
registers. This means that required charge rates has
to be set to passive tariff charge rate registers at first.
Those rates are then activated (copied from passive
to active tariff charge rate registers) by calling
prepayment activation script method. Tariff charge
rates must be entered as charges per unit of
consumption register. Consumption register is
defined by Energy Register Reference value.
Because this charge values can be very small the
tariff charge rate registers have their scaler defined
separately in Currency Rate Scaler object. This
scaler is common to all tariff charge rate registers.
Energy register reference
This register points to the energy register consider by
pre-payment module (example: 1.0.1.8.0.255). To
support prepayment functionality for different media
on single meter the prepayment model can be
extended by prepayment channels. Each channel has
its own link to the specific media consumption
register (via Energy Register Reference object).
Each channel also has its own auxiliary charge
parameters. However the charges for all the channels
are made to the same credit registers (Available
Credit Register, Emergency Credit Register).
Following this, also the token credit function is
common to all the prepayment channels.
5.12.7. Time-based auxiliary charging
This charging function is used for charges that are
fixed over predefined period of time defined as one
month. The accounting period of time-based auxiliary
charges is one minute. This means that the meter
calculates the minute value of auxiliary charge by
dividing the auxiliary charge for one month with the
number of minutes per month. The minute values are
then charged from the customers credit every
minute. When meter is powered down, the auxiliary
charge is done after power-up, including charges for
the whole period of time that the meter was poweredoff.
The process of setting auxiliary charge rates is the
same as process of setting tariff charge rates. Also in
this case the required auxiliary charge rate must first
be written into passive auxiliary charge rate register
49

and then activated by calling prepayment activation

script method for the required prepayment channel.
The user must be aware that the activation of passive
rates into active rates is common for auxiliary and
tariff charge rates.
6. Limitation
AMI system, besides collecting and processing of the
energy consumption data, offer possibility of load
balancing and control. To achieve this functionality
AMI meter implements current limitation to selective
disconnect the customer premises during the short
time current overloads and disconnect when power
consumption excides contractual value for a specified
time interval.
To handle monitoring of the consumption and
disconnection of customer premises following
principles are used:
Measurement of the current per phase,
Exceeding the current threshold in one phase
has for consequence a disconnection of the
all phases,
Disconnection separation between circuit
breaker and main fuse,
Thresholds settable in accordance with
customer contract and local regulator rules
A circuit breaker is only disconnection element, all
measurements; supervision of measured quantities
are handled by AMI meter.
The threshold value can be normal or emergency

threshold. The emergency threshold is activated via
the emergency profile defined by emergency profile
id, activation start time, and duration. The emergency
profile id element is matched to an emergency profile
group id: this mechanism enables the activation of
the emergency threshold only for a specific
emergency group.
The limitation or disconnection functionality can be
activated in the meter itself or by remote action. The
meter disconnects the network (via switching device)
if a maximum current or power limit has exceeded
during a predefined period of time. The current or
power levels with the allowed exceeding periods are
set in the meter.
The disconnection of user premises can be triggered
by using the limiter (0-0:17.0.0). The premises are
disconnected if the selected value crosses the set
threshold for at least minimal duration time
The threshold value can be normal or emergency
threshold. The value is compared against the set
threshold and appropriate action is triggered if the
monitored value is over or under for a period longer
than the minimum over or under threshold duration
Customer activation (blue button or remote)
Consumption
Normal limit
6.1. Supervision monitor

MT381 meter features phase current limitation with
three RM objects. Every RM monitors the
corresponding phase demand register. When
monitored value passes threshold upwards or
downwards, action up or action down is taken. For
Houdini project, there is only one threshold allowed to
set, because of the limitation functionality.
Emergency limit
Disconnected
td
td
Emergency limit activation duration
Emergency activation
td - Min. over treshold duration
Fig. 69: Limiter diagram

Monitored value is not directly measured phase
current RMS, but the averaged value over the
number of periods, which is defined with demand
class object instance for every phase. Phase RMS
current is averaged with period (1 second) and
number of periods (90) values. Value has a 1A
resolution rounded down.
6.2. Limiter
Limiter functions are used for disconnecting the
customer from the electrical network for exceeding
maximum energy (power) in predefined period of
time. The object handles the normal current and
instantaneous power monitoring as well as the
emergency settings.
The customer can (after correcting the exceeding
level) reconnect network manually (by pressing the
blue button on the meter) or with remote connection
(depending on the disconnector mode used).
50
7. Firmware upgrade
AMM meter software can be upgraded either via an
optical
communication
interface
or
via
a
corresponding modem (DLC, GSM). In the nonvolatile memory of AMM meter, a space is prepared
for CORE, MODULE1 (active module) and
MODULE2 (new one).
A complete upgrading is performed in three steps:
Initiate upgrade,
Code transfere,
New module verification and activation

(overwrite existing MODULE with new one
and restart).
All meter upgrades and changes are recorded with a
time stamp.

Physical
Memory
Upgrading
sequence
Connection
type
password
Start
MODULE2 M2
Overwrite content of
M1 with M2 and
activate
encryption
Management
association
start accepted
Code
Transmission
MODULE1 M1
PreEstablished
association
activation accepted
CORE
password
Activation
encryption
Management
association
Fig.70: Three step upgrading procedure

When image is successfully transferred and verified,
it needs to be activated. It stayes stored and ready for
activation until it is activated. There are several ways
when this can be done:
immediately (after transfer and verification)
by schedule (activation date/time is different
when transfer/verification)
8. Sequences
These objects are used to configure data for quick
readout, either from display or PC. Each register can
accept maximum of 32 visible entries. They are
usually used for most needed meter information such
as energy and demand values or date and time. Only
objects attribute 3 (Capture_objects) is needed for
correct setup entry.
The meters have three different sequences:
Data readout sequence (P1 port) (x=0)
General display sequence (x=1)
Alternate display sequence (x=2
Data Readout (DRO) P1 Port Sequence
With this object data readout information can be set.

This information can be retrieved remotely (usually
over optical interface using IEC62056-21 mode C or
over modem comm.). For more information see P1
interface.
General dispay Sequence
With this object information visible on meters display

can be set. This information automatically scrolls on
display every few seconds (typical period is 8
seconds) without any need to press any buttons.
Alternate display Sequence
With this object information visible on meters display

can be set. Each scroll button press scrolls to next
information in the register. This information is visible
after scroll has been pressed. Full LCD test appears
after first scroll key is pressed. After last pressed key
sequence returns after 2 minutes to autoscroll mode
(sequence).
Fig.71; FW upgrade process 1
OPTICS
MODEM
9. Additional meter functions

MT381 meter enables collection of data of individual
customers and groups of customers:
NO
YES
validation
Old version
DOWNLOAD
New version
LogBook
Fig.72: FW upgrade process 2
Collection of energy consumption information in

subsequent billing periods.
Scheduled reading of energy consumption
information
On request, reading of energy consumption
information.
Collection of power failure duration information.
Collection of supply quality information (e.g. sags,
voltage measurements) of individual customers.
Collection of information saved in profiles.
Prepaid functionality.
51

Setting and retrieving different tariff structures in

the meter.
Remote setting and retrieving of energy and
power consumption thresholds.
Remote setting and retrieving of energy and
power consumption threshold for groups of
customers by a broadcast with group identifier.
Retrieving device status.
Remote connecting and disconnecting the energy
supply of individual customers.
Mx38y meters enable collection of data of individual
customers from to M-Bus connected gas, water and
heat meters:
Collection of consumption information in
subsequent billing periods.
Scheduled reading of consumption information
On request, reading of consumption information.
Collection of information saved in profiles.
Retrieving M-Bus device status, events and
alarms.
Remote connecting and disconnecting the pipes
for supply of individual customers.
10. Readout via built-in communication

interface
Built-in communication interfaces enable:
Reading of meter registers
Reading of load-profile recorder
Reading of billing profile recorder
Reading of recorded event and alarm logs
Reading of meter parameters
Changing of meter parameters
Communication state is shown on a display:
during any communication, a flag above a

DRO mark indicates that communication is
in progress,
for DLC communication the flag above the

DLC mark indicates that the meter is
registered in telecommunication network.
Fig. 73: Display legend, Mx381 (DLC)
52
11. Meter connection procedure

1. The meter should be fixed with two screws at the
place of measurement.
2. The meter should be connected according to the
meter connection diagram that is attached to the
inner side of the meter terminal cover. Torque of
the screws tightening in the current terminals is
2.5 Nm.
3. The meter operation should be checked:
The LED is turned on (load current is lower
than the meter starting current)
The LED is blinking with frequency proportional
to the consumed electric power (the meter
measures and records energy)
The LED is turned off (the meter is not powered
up). In this case it should be checked:
a. If current conductors are connected to the
meter (if not, they should be connected)
b. If the potential links are in their bottom
position (if not, the potential link slides
should be pushed to their bottom position)
c. If both upper conditions are fulfilled, it means
that there is no voltage in the mains.
4. Check the L1 L2 L3 indicators on the LCD if meter
conductors are connected regularly:
Indicators L1, L2 and L3 are displayed all
three phase voltages are present.
Some of the indicators L1, L2 and L3 are not
displayed voltage in the phases of missing
indicators are not present. It should be checked
if the current conductors of these phases are
connected to the meter. If they are connected,
external cause of the missing phase voltage
should be found and removed.
The indicators L1, L2 and L3 are blinking
reversed phase sequence. The indicator is
blinking only if the rotating magnetic field
rotates counter-clockwise. In this case, the
phase sequence of the connected current wires
should be checked or a place of reversed
phase sequence should be found and its cause
should be removed.
NOTE: The reversed phase sequence does not
influence the accuracy of energy measurement!
The time and date setting in the real time clock

should be checked and corrected if needed.
If the meter is equipped with GSM/GPRS

communication interface, see paragraph 8.
Perform the billing reset of the meter.
Seal the meter terminal cover and the lid of

Reset push-button.

14.1. Position of the seals

12. Accessory for meters managing
For meters managing the following accessories are
available:
For maintaining meter programming and data
down-loading:
MeterView (Iskraemeco software)
Optical probe
Personal computer: PC, desktop, laptop.
The accessory is intended for the person who
maintains and programs meters in a repair shop and
in the field.
For meter reading and programming meter
settings in the field:
MeterRead (Iskraemeco software) for all types
of hand-held computers (Palmtop PC),
utilizing the Windows CE operation system
Optical probe
For remote meter reading and programming:
SEP2W (Iskraemeco software, with modules
for remote meter reading, data base
management and a module for data
presentation and printing)
Central station a server with corresponding
software and hardware
13. Meter maintaining

No maintenance is required during the meters life.
The implemented metering technique, built-in
components and manufacturing procedures ensure
high long-term stability of meters, so that there is no
need for their recalibration during their life.
Fig. 76: MT381 meter position of the seals
14.2. Wire seals
14. Anti-fraud protection

The meter cover and the meter terminal cover are
sealed by means of sealing screws and conventional
wire seals. Unless the seals are broken, the access
into the meter enclosure is not possible.
On customers demand the meter can be equipped
with special internal switches for the detection of any
lifting of the meter cover or meter terminal cover.
Fig. 77: Different types of protective wire seals
53

Inputs
15. Meter connection
Hardware type
The meter connection diagram is stuck on the inner

side of the terminal cover.
Low voltage (up to 24 V, 27

mA or 230V AC/DC)
15.1. Meter connection of MT38y meters
Low voltage (up to 24 V, 27

mA or 230V AC/DC)
Meters can be connected in three-phase four- or

three-wire networks, as well as in a single-phase twowire network. Irrespective of the network type where
meters are installed, they keep their declared
metering properties.
External key input
Function
Common
Terminal
20
Alarm input
15
Common
85
Alarm input
80
Graund
50
Input
51
Table 20: Inputs
Outputs
Hardware type
High voltage (250 V, 100
mA)
High voltage (250 V, 6 A)
Table 21: Outputs
Fig. 78: Connection diagram of MT381 meter with M-Bus

communication interface
Fig.79: Connection diagram of MT381 meter with inputs

and M-Bus communication interface
15.2. Meter Input/Output terminals

Communication interface M-Bus
Hardware type
Communication interface
Function
Common
Mini master
Terminal
90
91
Table 18: Communication interface M-bus
54
Function
Terminal
Optomos
33
Common
Load control
35
34

16. Technical data
- Active: 2 or 1 (IEC 62052-11)

Active: A or B (MID)
- Reactive: 3 or 2 (IEC 62052-11)
- Apparent energy measurement,
3.0%
5A
Protocol
Data identification
code
Data transmission
rate via lowvoltage network
Data transmission
rate between the
microprocessor and
the DLC modem
85 A
OUTPUTS
GENERAL METER MEASURING CHARACTERISTICS
Accuracy class
Nominal current
Max. current
direct connection
Max. current
direct connection
Imax transformer
connection
Thermal current
Starting current
Short-circuit
current
Nominal voltage
Voltage range
Nominal frequency
Meter constant
(impulse LED),
active and reactive
measurement
Impulse outputs
constants
(only on MT382
meters - there are
maximal two
metrological
outputs)
Temperature
range of operation
Extended
temperature range
Storing
temperature
Voltage circuit
self-consumption
Current circuit selfconsumption
120 A
6A
1.2 Imax direct connection
<0.005 Ib at cos = 1, for class 2
<0.004 Ib at cos = 1, for class 1
3x230/400 V, 3x400 V
other voltages on request
0.8 Un ... 1.15 Un
50 Hz or 60 Hz
Programmable :
1000 imp/kWh at Imax = 85 A
Protocol
Transmission rate
Control output high voltage

output
Low voltage output
Low voltage input
-25 C ... +60 C
Insulation strength
Electrostatic
discharges
Electromagnetic
field
Burst test highfreq. disturbances
-40 C ... +80 C

< 2 W / 10 VA
< 0.16 VA irrespective of nominal
current In
5 ppm or 3 min / year

> 150 hours, super-capacitor
OBIS (IEC 62056-61)

max. 1.200 bit/sec
4,800 bit/sec
Hardware type: Bistable relay

Output type; Load control
Switching voltage: 250 V
Switching current: 6 A
Hardware type: Optomos
Output type; Service control
Switching current: 100 mA
Hardware type: Transistor
Output type; impulse output
Switching current: 27 mA
HW type: Passive transistor input
Input type: Alarm input (1 and 2)
Switching voltage: 3 24 V AC/DC
SWITCHING DEVICE
Switching device
-40 C ... +70 C
DLMS (IEC 62056-46),
INPUTS
Programmable :
3 x Bistable relay
Switching voltage: 3 x 440 V
Switching current: 3 x 100 A (3 x
120 A)
METER RESISTANCE TO ELECTROMAGNETIC

DISTURBANCES
Shock voltage
4 kV, 50 Hz, 1 min

15 kV (IEC 1000-42)
10 V/m (IEC 1000-43)
4 kV
(IEC 100044)
12 kV, 1,2/50 s (IEC 62053-21)

to meter main circuit
DIMENSIONS
MT381 meter
Mass
MT381 meter with
switching device:
Mass
250 x 178 x 55 mm
approx. 1000 g
310 x 178 x 108 mm
approx. 1650 g
Quartz crystal 32 kHz
OPTICAL COMMUNICATION INTERFACE

Interface
Control output high voltage

output
30 Imax
INTERNAL CLOCK
Accuracy
(@25 C)
Reserve power
supply
Clock signal
DLC modem
Table 22: Meter technical data
IEC62056-21 Mode E,
IEC62056-46,
Registers marking in compliance
with OBIS (IEC62056-61)
19200 bit/sec
55

16.1. Terminal data
MT38y-D1
Function
No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
71
70
72
15
20
33
35
34
27
28
29
IL1 in
UL1 aux
IL1 out
IL2 in
UL2 aux
IL2 out
IL3 in
UL3 aux
IL1 out
N in
N aux
N - out
Impulse
output
Alarm
input
Load
control
Nominal
Voltage
3x230/400 V
3x230/400 V
3x230/400 V
3x230/400 V
3x230/400 V
3x230/400 V
3x230/400 V
3x230/400 V
3x230/400 V
3x230/400 V
3x230/400 V
3x230/400 V
Max.
Current
85 A
85 A
85 A
85 A
85 A
85 A
3-24 V
AC/DC
250 V
100 mA
250 V
6A
RS485
Table 22a: Terminal block technical data
56
Diam
mm
8.5
3.0
8.5
8.5
3.0
8.5
8.5
3.0
8.5
8.5
3.0
8.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
Note
Current
Voltage
Current
Current
Voltage
Current
Current
Voltage
Current
Neutral
Neutral
Neutral
SO output
Common
SO output
Common
Optomos
Wire
2
mm
25
1.5
25
25
1.5
25
25
1.5
25
25
1.5
25
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
Screw
type
Pozidriv (2)
Pozidriv (1)
Pozidriv (2)
Pozidriv (2)
Pozidriv (1)
Pozidriv (2)
Pozidriv (2)
Pozidriv (1)
Pozidriv (2)
Pozidriv (2)
Pozidriv (1)
Pozidriv (2)
Regular (0.6x3.5)
Regular (0.6x3.5)
Regular (0.6x3.5)
Regular (0.6x3.5)
Regular (0.6x3.5)
Moment
Nm
2.5
0.6
2.5
2.5
0.6
2.5
2.5
0.6
2.5
2.5
0.6
2.5
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
Optomos
Common
Relay
B
GND
A
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
Pozidriv (1)
Pozidriv (1)
Pozidriv (1)
Regular (0.6x3.5)
Regular (0.6x3.5)
Regular (0.6x3.5)
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6

MT38y-D2
Function
No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
71
70
72
15
20
33
35
34
IL1 in
UL1 aux
IL1 out
IL2 in
UL2 aux
IL2 out
IL3 in
UL3 aux
IL3 out
N in
N aux
N - out
Impulse
output
Alarm
Input
Load
control
Nominal
voltage
3x230/400 V
3x230/400 V
3x230/400 V
3x230/400 V
3x230/400 V
3x230/400 V
3x230/400 V
3x230/400 V
3x230/400 V
3x230/400 V
3x230/400 V
3x230/400 V
Max.
current
120 A
120 A
120 A
120 A
120 A
120 A
3-24 V AC/DC
250 V
100 mA
250 V
6A
Diam
mm
9.5
3.0
9.5
9.5
3.0
9.5
9.5
3.0
9.5
9.5
3.0
9.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
Note
Current
Voltage
Current
Current
Voltage
Current
Current
Voltage
Current
Neutral
Neutral
Neutral
SO output
Common
SO output
Optomos
Common
Optomos
Common
Relay
Wire
2
mm
35
1.5
35
35
1.5
35
35
1.5
35
35
1.5
35
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
Screw
type
Pozidriv (2)
Pozidriv (1)
Pozidriv (2)
Pozidriv (2)
Pozidriv (1)
Pozidriv (2)
Pozidriv (2)
Pozidriv (1)
Pozidriv (2)
Pozidriv (2)
Pozidriv (1)
Pozidriv (2)
Regular (0.6x3.5)
Regular (0.6x3.5)
Regular (0.6x3.5)
Regular (0.6x3.5)
Regular (0.6x3.5)
Pozidriv (1)
Pozidriv (1)
Pozidriv (1)
Moment
Nm
2.5
0.6
2.5
2.5
0.6
2.5
2.5
0.6
2.5
2.5
0.6
2.5
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
Table 22b: Terminal block technical data
57

17. Type designation

ME
MT
381
382

D1
D2
D3
T1
A4
A5
2
4
R5
R6
2
5
S5
S6
2

V
1
2
W
n
2
P
0
1
B
1
1
L
1
1

M
2
K
0
4
a
g
n
Z
Single-phase electronic meter

Three-phase three-system electronic meter
With built-in DLC modem
With built-in GSM/GPRS modem
Separator
Terminal block: Imax=85A (DIN 43857)
Terminal block: Imax=120A (DIN 43857)
Terminal block: Imax=100A (BS 5685)
Terminal block up to 6 A
Active energy measurement, accuracy class 1
Active energy measurement, accuracy class 2
Energy measurement in two directions
Absolute energy measurement
Reactive energy measurement, accuracy cl. 2
Reactive energy measurement, accuracy cl. 3
Energy measurement in two directions
Energy measurement in all 4 quadrants
Apparent energy measurement, accuracy cl. 2
Apparent energy measurement, accuracy cl. 3
Energy measurement as UxI
Separator
Low voltage passive transistor input
No. of inputs
Control voltage is phase voltage
Low voltage active transistor input
Number of inputs (n = 1, 2)
Resistive impulse input
Integrated switching device
Three Phase disconnection - external
One Phase disconnection - internal
High voltage output relay type
One relay contact output
Relay contact output with make contact
High voltage output Optomos type
One control output
Control output with make contact
Separator
Internal clock
Back-up power supply super capacitor
Optical interface (IEC62056-21)
PLC communication
GSM/GPRS modem
M-Bus comm. interface master
P1 port
Load profile
Table 23: Meter type designation Mx38y (Functionality depends on meter model)
58

Owing to periodically improvements of our products the supplied products

can differ in some details from data stated in this technical description.
Iskraemeco d.d., Energy Measurement and Management
4000 Kranj, Savska loka 4, Slovenia
Telephone (+386 4) 206 40 00, Fax: (+386 4) 206 43 76
http://www.iskraemeco.si, E-mail: info@iskraemeco.si
Published: Iskraemeco, Marketing, Data subjected to alteration without notice.
Mx38y_Technical_Description_ENG_V1.02.doc
59

MX 38 y

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

MX 38 y

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

MX 38 y

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Energy Measurement and Management

Mx38y Single- and three-phase electronic meters with built-in DLC

5.5. Load-profile (LP) recorder.......................... 33

Mx38y Single- and three-phase electronic meters with built-in DLC

Mx38y Single- and three-phase electronic meters with built-in DLC

1. MT381 Three-phase electronic meter

M-Bus for communication with other meters

2. MT381 meter properties

Mx38y Single- and three-phase electronic meters with built-in DLC

Alarm inputs (high voltage)

Mx38y Single- and three-phase electronic meters with built-in DLC

Made of high quality self-extinguishable UV

3. MT381 meter characteristics

ensures double insulation and IP54 (IEC 60529)

Fig. 1: MT38y meter constituent parts

10. Meter BAR code

11. Impulse LEDs

5. Meter cover sealing

12. Meter technical data

6. Meter serial number

13. Scroll and Reset

7. Terminal cover sealing

Two screws for fixing the meter cover (item 5) are

3.2. Meter case (MT381)

Fig. 2: Terminal block of MT381 meter bottom view

Current terminals are made of zinc-plated iron and

Mx38y Single- and three-phase electronic meters with built-in DLC

Bus and relay control outputs. Besides to the

Position 0 upper position: When a voltage bridge

Detectors (switches) of the terminal cover and the

Position 1 lower position: When a voltage bridge

Fig 3: Terminal cover opening switch

Magnetic field detector (reed relay) triggers an

A sliding voltage bridge is intended for fast and

Every fraud attempt is recorded to antifraud detection

3.3. Overall and fixing dimensions

Mounting and fixing meter dimensions comply with

Fig.5: Sliding voltage bridge

Fig. 7: Overall and fixing dimensions of an MT381

Fig.6: Auxiliary terminals

Mx38y Single- and three-phase electronic meters with built-in DLC

Fig. 10: Block diagram of metering with Rogowsky

Fig. 8: Overall and fixing dimensions of an MT381

Fig. 11: Metering principle of Rogowsky coil

Fig. 8: Overall and fixing dimensions of an MT381

3.4. Metering system (MT381)

1. Rogowski coil frame

3. Two Rogowski coils

2. Meter current loop

4. Printed circuit board

The metering elements ensure excellent metering

Mx38y Single- and three-phase electronic meters with built-in DLC

Through current coil flows the current. Inside the air

3.5. Meter configuration (MT381)

4.1. Power supply unit

4.2. Microcontroller with FRAM memory

1. Power supply unit

Non-volatile data memory permanently stores the