States (U.S.) or America, Is A

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The United States of America (USA),

commonly referred to as the United


States (U.S.) or America, is a federal
republic[16][17]consisting of 50 states and
a federal district. The 48 contiguous
states and Washington, D.C., are in
central North
America betweenCanada and Mexico.
The state of Alaska is located in the
northwestern part of North America and
the state of Hawaii is anarchipelago in the
mid-Pacific. The country also has five
populated and numerous
unpopulated territories in the Pacific and
theCaribbean. At 3.80 million square
miles (9.85 million km2)[18] and with over
320 million people, the United States is

the world'sfourth-largest country by total


area and third most populous. It is one of
the world's most ethnically
diverse and multicultural nations, the
product of large-scale immigration from
many countries.
[19]

The geography and climate of the

United States are also extremely diverse,


and the country is home to a wide variety
of wildlife.[20]
Paleo-Indians migrated from Eurasia to
what is now the U.S. mainland around
15,000 years ago,[21] with European
colonizationbeginning in the 16th century.
The United States emerged from 13
British colonies located along the East
Coast. Disputes betweenGreat Britain and

the colonies led to the American


Revolution. On July 4, 1776, as the
colonies were fighting Great Britain in
theAmerican Revolutionary War,
delegates from the 13 colonies
unanimously adopted the Declaration of
Independence. The war ended in 1783
with recognition of the independence of
the United States by the Kingdom of
Great Britain, and was the first successful
war of independence against a
European colonial empire.[22] The
country's constitution was adopted on
September 17, 1787, and ratified by the
states in 1788. The first ten amendments,
collectively named the Bill of Rights, were
ratified in 1791 and designed to

guarantee many fundamental civil rights


and freedoms.
Driven by the doctrine of Manifest
Destiny, the United States embarked on a
vigorous expansion across North America
throughout the 19th century.[23] This
involved displacing American Indian
tribes, acquiring new territories, and
gradually admitting new states, until by
1848 the nation spanned the continent.
[23]

During the second half of the 19th

century, the American Civil War ended


legalslavery in the country.[24][25] By the end
of that century, the United States
extended into the Pacific Ocean,[26] and its
economy, driven in large part by
the Industrial Revolution, began to soar.

[27]

The SpanishAmerican War and World

War I confirmed the country's status as a


global military power. The United States
emerged from World War II as a
global superpower, the first country to
develop nuclear weapons, the only
country to use them in warfare, and as
a permanent member of the United
Nations Security Council. The end of
the Cold War and the dissolution of the
Soviet Union in 1991 left the United
States as the world's sole superpower.[28]
The United States is a developed
country and has the world's largest
economy by nominal and real GDP,
benefiting from an abundance of natural
resources and high worker productivity.

[29]

While the U.S. economy is

considered post-industrial, the country


continues to be one of the world's largest
manufacturers.[30] Accounting for 37%
of global military spending[31] and 19%
of world GDP (PPP),[32] it is the world's
foremost economic and military power, a
prominent political and cultural force, and
a leader inscientific research and
technological innovations.[33]

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