Alis Washing Machine PDF

Fuzzy Logic Control of Washing Machines
Washing machines are a common feature today in the

Indian household. The most important utility a
customer can derive from a washing machine is that
he/she saves the effort he/she had to put in brushing,
agitating and washing the cloth.
Different type of cloth need different amount of
washing time which depends directly on the type of
dirt, amount of dirt, cloth quality etc.
The idea of controlling the washing time using
fuzzy logic control is to get a suitable washing time
for different cloths.
The process is based entirely on the principle

of taking non-precise inputs from the sensors,
subjecting them to fuzzy arithmetic and obtaining a
crisp value of the washing time.
This method, though with much larger number

of input parameters and further complex
situations, is being used by the giants like LG and
Samsung.
Problem Definition
When one uses a washing machine, the person generally
selects the length of wash time based on the amount of
clothes he/she wish to wash and the type and degree of
dirt cloths have.
To automate this process, we use sensors to detect these
parameters (i.e. volume of clothes, degree and type of
dirt). The wash time is then determined from this data.
Unfortunately, there is no easy way to formulate a precise

mathematical relationship between volume of clothes
and dirt and the length of wash time required.
Consequently, this problem has remained unsolved until

very recently.
Conventionally, people simply set wash times by hand and

from personal trial and error experience.
Washing machines were not as automatic as they could be.
The sensor system provides external input signals into the
machine from which decisions can be made.
It is the controller's responsibility to make the decisions
and to signal the outside world by some form of output.
Because the input/output relationship is not clear, the

design of a washing machine controller has not in the past
lent itself to traditional methods of control design.
We address this design problem using fuzzy logic.
Fuzzy logic has been used because
a fuzzy logic controlled washing machine controller gives
the correct wash time
even though
a precise model of the input/output relationship
is not available.
Details about the Problem

The problem is simplified by using only two input variables:
1. Degree of dirt
2. Type of dirt
The fuzzy controller takes two inputs (as stated for

simplification),
processes the information and outputs a wash time.
How to get these two inputs can be
left to the sensors (optical, electrical or any type).
The degree of dirt is determined by the transparency of the
wash water.
The dirtier the clothes, less transparent the water being
analyzed by the sensors is.
The type of dirt is determined by the time of saturation, the

time it takes to reach saturation.
Saturation is a point, at which there is no more appreciable

change in the color of the water.
Degree of dirt determines how much dirty a cloth is.
Where as Type of dirt determines the quality of dirt.
Greasy cloths, for example, take longer for water
transparency to reach transparency because grease is less
soluble in water than other forms of dirt.
Thus a fairly straight forward sensor system can provide us
the necessary input for our fuzzy controller.
Details about the set applied

Firstly, the range of possible values for the input and output
variables are determined. These are the membership functions
used to map the real world measurement values to the fuzzy
values, so that the operations can be applied on them.
Values of the input variables

degree_of_dirt and type_of_dirt
are normalized range (1 to 100)
over the domain of optical sensor.
The decision which the fuzzy controller makes is

derived from the rules which are stored in the database.
These are stored in a set of rules.
Basically the rules are if-then statements that are
intuitive and easy to understand, since they are nothing
but common English statements.
Rules used in this project are derived from common
sense, data taken from typical home use,
and experimentation in a controlled environment.
Set of rules to derive the output

1. If dirtness_of_clothes is Large and type_of_dirt is Greasy
then wash_time is VeryLong;
2. If dirtness_of_clothes is Medium and type_of_dirt is Greasy
then wash_time is Long;
3. If dirtness_of_clothes is Small and type_of_dirt is Greasy
4. If dirtness_of_clothes is Large and type_of_dirt is Medium
5. If dirtness_of_clothes is Medium and type_of_dirt is
Medium
then wash_time is Medium;
Set of rules to derive the output

6. If dirtness_of_clothes is Small and type_of_dirt is Medium
7. If dirtness_of_clothes is Large and type_of_dirt is NotGreasy
8. If dirtness_of_clothes is Medium and type_of_dirt is NotGreasy
then wash_time is Short;
9. If dirtness_of_clothes is Small and type_of_dirt is NotGreasy
then wash_time is VeryShort
The rules too have been defined in imprecise sense

and hence they too are not crisp but fuzzy values.
The two input parameters after being read from the
sensors are fuzzified as per the membership function
of the respective variables.
These in additions with the membership function
curve are utilized to come to a solution (using some
criteria).
At last the crisp value of the wash_time is obtained as
an answer.
Results and discussion

The sensors sense the input values and using the above
model the inputs are fuzzified and then by using
simple if-else rules and other simple fuzzy set
operations the output fuzzy function is obtained ,
and using the criteria the output value for wash time is
obtained.
Figure 4 shows the response surface of the input-output
relations as determined by FIU. FIU stands for Fuzzy
Interface Unit.
This is the fundamental unit in which the application
interface FIDE encodes controller information.
The results (the above plot) shows the way the machine will
response in different conditions.
For example, if we take type_of_dirt and dirtness value both
to be 100, the wash_time which the model output is
equivalent to 60 minutes.
This is quite convincing and appropriate.
Summary
By the use of fuzzy logic control we have been able to
obtain a wash time for different type of dirt ,different
degree of dirt.
The conventional method required the human interruption
to decide upon what should be the wash time for different
cloths.
In other words this situation analysis ability has been
incorporated in the machine which makes the machine
much more automatic and represents the decision
taking power of the new arrangement.
Though the analysis in this paper has been very crude, but
this clearly depicts the advantage of adding the fuzzy logic
controller in the conventional washing machine.
Future Directions
A more fully automatic washing machine is straightforward
to design using fuzzy logic technology.
Moreover, the design process mimics human intuition,
which adds to the ease of development and future
maintenance.
Although this particular example controls only the wash
time of a washing machine, the design process can be
extended without undue complications to other control
variables such as water level and spin speed.
The formulation and implementation of membership
functions and rules is similar to that shown for wash time.
References
Fuzzy net technical case studies @ http://www.aptronix.com/
Technical manual of washing machines, Samsung electronics @
http://www.samsungelectronics.com.my/
washing_machine/tech_info/index.html
Weijing Zhang, Applications Engineer, Aptronics Incorporated,
Copyright 1992 by Aptronix Inc.
Fuzzy Logic Control of Washing Machines

Manish Agarwal
Roll number 00ME1011
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur - 721302, India
E-mail: manish_iitkgp@yahoo.com

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Fuzzy Logic Control of Washing Machines

Washing machines are a common feature today in the

The process is based entirely on the principle

This method, though with much larger number

Unfortunately, there is no easy way to formulate a precise

Consequently, this problem has remained unsolved until

Conventionally, people simply set wash times by hand and

Because the input/output relationship is not clear, the

Details about the Problem

The fuzzy controller takes two inputs (as stated for

The type of dirt is determined by the time of saturation, the

Saturation is a point, at which there is no more appreciable

Details about the set applied

Values of the input variables

The decision which the fuzzy controller makes is

Set of rules to derive the output

Set of rules to derive the output

The rules too have been defined in imprecise sense

Results and discussion

Fuzzy Logic Control of Washing Machines

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