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    Governance Fukuyama

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    Alex
    The document discusses different approaches to measuring governance. Governance refers to a government's ability to make and enforce rules and deliver services, regardless of regime type. Traditional measures look at Weberian bureaucracy or expert surveys, but these have weaknesses. The author advocates procedural measures of bureaucracy, capacity measures like taxation levels, and output measures. However, separating procedural, capacity, and normative measures is difficult. The relationship between bureaucratic autonomy and capacity is also complex, requiring more or less regulation depending on capacity. Countries like India and China show these theories may not fully capture all governance realities.

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    Governance Fukuyama

    Uploaded by

    Alex
    65 views19 pages
    The document discusses different approaches to measuring governance. Governance refers to a government's ability to make and enforce rules and deliver services, regardless of regime type. Traditional measures look at Weberian bureaucracy or expert surveys, but these have weaknesses. The author advocates procedural measures of bureaucracy, capacity measures like taxation levels, and output measures. However, separating procedural, capacity, and normative measures is difficult. The relationship between bureaucratic autonomy and capacity is also complex, requiring more or less regulation depending on capacity. Countries like India and China show these theories may not fully capture all governance realities.

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    Powerpoint that sums up Fukuyama's approach to the word "governance" and its powerfull meaning

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    The document discusses different approaches to measuring governance. Governance refers to a government's ability to make and enforce rules and deliver services, regardless of regime type. Traditional measures look at Weberian bureaucracy or expert surveys, but these have weaknesses. The author advocates procedural measures of bureaucracy, capacity measures like taxation levels, and output measures. However, separating procedural, capacity, and normative measures is difficult. The relationship between bureaucratic autonomy and capacity is also complex, requiring more or less regulation depending on capacity. Countries like India and China show these theories may not fully capture all governance realities.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as ODP, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as odp, pdf, or txt
    65 views19 pages

    Governance Fukuyama

    Uploaded by

    Alex
    The document discusses different approaches to measuring governance. Governance refers to a government's ability to make and enforce rules and deliver services, regardless of regime type. Traditional measures look at Weberian bureaucracy or expert surveys, but these have weaknesses. The author advocates procedural measures of bureaucracy, capacity measures like taxation levels, and output measures. However, separating procedural, capacity, and normative measures is difficult. The relationship between bureaucratic autonomy and capacity is also complex, requiring more or less regulation depending on capacity. Countries like India and China show these theories may not fully capture all governance realities.

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    You are on page 1of 19

    'What is

    Governance?'

    By Francis Fukuyama

    http://static.guim.co.uk/sys-images/Guardian/About/General/2012/2/20/1329758419107/FrancisFukuyama-May-2011-007.jpg

    Setup

    The field of studying 'governance' is relatively


    young (compared to the field of studying
    political institutions)
    Mesuares of 'Weberian Bureaucracy':

    Four of the six World Bank Institutes Worldwide


    Governance Indicators purport to measure
    state aspects of state capacity (government
    effectiveness, regulatory quality, and stability
    and absence of violence, control of corruption)
    is not clear how they map onto the Weberian
    categories

    Setup

    Bo Rothsteins Quality of Governance Institute


    in Gothenberg:

    based again on expert surveys focusing on the


    degree of a states impartiality
    inherent weakness in expert surveys, especially
    when trying to create time-series dat

    Fukuyamas Approach

    Definition:
    governance is government's ability to make and
    enforce rules, and to deliver services,
    regardless of whether that government is
    democratic or not.
    'An authoritarian regime can be well governed, just as
    a democracy can be mal administered.'

    'Would we want to argue that the US military is a lowquality one because it does things we disapprove
    of, say, invading Iraq?'
    'I am interested in developing measures that will work
    for both authoritarian and democratic regimes'

    Procedural Measures

    Weberian bureaucracy:
    1. bureaucrats personally free and subject to
    authority only within a defined area;
    2. they are organized into a clearly defined
    hierarchy of offices;
    3. each office has a defined sphere of
    competence;
    4. offices are filled by free contractual
    relationship;
    5. candidates selected on basis of technical
    qualifications;

    Procedural Measures

    Weberian bureaucracy:
    6. bureaucrats are remunerated by fixed salaries;
    7. the office treated as the sole occupation of the
    incumbent;
    8. the office constitutes a career;
    9. there is a separation between ownership and
    management;
    10. officials subject to strict discipline and control.

    Procedural Measures

    However:
    'The idea of bureaucratic autonomy--the
    notion that bureaucrats themselves can
    shape goals and define tasks independently
    of the wishes of the principals--is not
    possible under the Weberian definition.'

    Capacity
    measures

    Procedural measures might not correlate with

    the expected positive outcome


    Extractive capacity, measured in tax extraction
    Limitations to taks extraction:
    Difference between potential and actual

    extraction rates
    Taxes may not be used efficient
    Big part of a states income is based on
    resource rents and international transfers,
    rather than domestic taxation

    Capacity measures
    Other measures of capacity, since a state

    performs a whole variety of funtions


    Level of education
    Professionalization of government officials

    Ideally measure all measure all major government


    agencies, which is unachievable

    Output measures
    Measuring final output
    Results are not simply the consequences of

    public action
    Measuring output is itself problematic
    methodologically
    Difficult to separate procedural and
    normative measures

    Bureaucratic autonomy
    Measuring the degree of bureaucratic

    autonomy
    Autonomy refers to 'the manner in which the
    political principal issues mandates to the
    bureaucrats who act as its agent'
    Ideally the principle should set a broad
    mandate to the agent

    Bureaucratic autonomy

    Capacity and Autonomy


    Higher capacity works better with less

    regulation, lower capacity with greater


    regulation
    Corruption = Discretion Accountability
    Capacity in particular consists of both
    resources and the degree of
    professionalization of bureaucratic staff

    two quite separate approaches to public

    sector reform:
    A) higher capacity, specially professionalism
    of the public service.
    B) higher bureaucratic regulation/autonomy.
    (Depending on the countrys capacity)

    India
    Is known to have high levels of capacity and

    clientelism
    It needs more and less aautority at the same
    time, aplying specific measures to diferent
    areas of the public administration.
    Its an example of how this theory might not
    be enough to analyse some countries

    China
    The 2011 index lists China as the 75th most

    corrupt country in the world


    It is believed that local governments are
    more corrupt than higher-level ones
    Differences do also exist between territories
    and administrations

    Data

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