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The document discusses Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory of personality. It outlines Freud's view that personality is composed of the id, ego, and superego. The id operates on the pleasure principle, the superego represents internalized societal expectations, and the ego mediates between the two, functioning according to the reality principle. The ego uses defense mechanisms like denial and displacement to manage conflicts between the id, superego, and reality.

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Class 9 PDF

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Michael Alexander Harris

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PERSONALITY

Class 10: April 29, 2015

MORAL EMOTIONS
Negative vs Positive
Other

Self

1.Anger
2. Contempt:
For violations of group
norms

2. Embarrassment
3. Disgust and Shame:
Analogues of animal
appeasement displays

Other

Self

MORAL EMOTIONS
Negative vs Positive
Other

Self

Other

1.Anger
Gratitude

2. Contempt:
For violations of group
norms

2. Embarrassment
3. Disgust and Shame:
Analogues of animal
appeasement displays

Self

MORAL EMOTIONS
Negative vs Positive
Other

Self

Other

1.Anger
Gratitude

2. Contempt:
For violations of group
norms

2. Embarrassment
Admiration
and
Shame:
3. Disgust
Analogues of animal
appeasement displays

Self

MORAL EMOTIONS
Negative vs Positive
Other

Self

Other

1.Anger
Gratitude

2. Contempt:
For violations of group
norms

2. Embarrassment
Admiration
and
Shame:
3. Disgust
Analogues of animal
appeasement displays

Forgiveness

Self

MORAL EMOTIONS
Negative vs Positive
Other

Self

Other

Self

1.Anger
Gratitude

2. Contempt:
For violations of group
norms

2. Embarrassment
Admiration
and
Shame:
3. Disgust
Analogues of animal
appeasement displays

Forgiveness

Pride

Harm/Care: Care for others, protecting them from harm

Fairness/cheating: Justice, treating others in proportion to their actions

Harm/Care: Care for others, protecting them from harm

Fairness/cheating: Justice, treating others in proportion to their actions
Loyalty/betrayal: to your group, family, nation.

Harm/Care: Care for others, protecting them from harm

Fairness/cheating: Justice, treating others in proportion to their actions
Loyalty/betrayal: to your group, family, nation.
Authority/subversion: for tradition and legitimate authority.

Harm/Care: Care for others, protecting them from harm

Fairness/cheating: Justice, treating others in proportion to their actions
Loyalty/betrayal: to your group, family, nation.
Authority/subversion: for tradition and legitimate authority.
Sanctity/degradation: avoiding disgusting things, foods, actions.

3.7

3.2

2.6

2.1

Harm/Care

Fairness/Cheating Authority/Subversion Loyalty/Betrayal

1.5
Sanctity/Degradation

Harm/Care
Loyalty/Betrayal

Fairness/Cheating
Sanctity/Degradation

Authority/Subversion

Harm/Care
Loyalty/Betrayal

Fairness/Cheating
Sanctity/Degradation

Authority/Subversion

Liberal

Somewhat Liberal

Centrist

Somewhat Conservative Conservative

3.7
Conservative
Liberal
3.2

2.6

2.1

Harm/Care

Fairness/Cheating Authority/Subversion

Loyalty/Betrayal

1.5
Sanctity/Degradation

3.7
Religious person
Non-religious person
3.2

2.6

2.1

Harm/Care

Fairness/Cheating Authority/Subversion Loyalty/Betrayal

1.5
Sanctity/Degradation

PERSONALITY

Class 10: April 29, 2015

STATES

TRAITS

STATES
Momentary
experience based
on the situation.

TRAITS

STATES
Momentary
experience based
on the situation.

TRAITS
Enduring
disposition that you
carry with you
from situation to
situation.

STATES
Momentary
experience based
on the situation.

TRAITS
Enduring
disposition that you
carry with you
from situation to
situation.

THE STUDY OF
PERSONALITY

Humorism:
Greeks and Romans thought peoples temperaments
were caused by an excess of one of four humors:

Humorism:
Greeks and Romans thought peoples temperaments
were caused by an excess of one of four humors:
Phlegm (phlegmatic): Rational temperament

Humorism:
Greeks and Romans thought peoples temperaments
were caused by an excess of one of four humors:
Phlegm (phlegmatic): Rational temperament
Blood (sanguine): Happy temperament

Humorism:
Greeks and Romans thought peoples temperaments
were caused by an excess of one of four humors:
Phlegm (phlegmatic): Rational temperament
Blood (sanguine): Happy temperament
Yellow bile (choleric): Angry temperament

PSYCHOANALYTIC
APPROACHES TO PERSONALITY

APPROACHES TO PERSONALITY

APPROACHES TO PERSONALITY
Sigmund Freud (1856-1939)

APPROACHES TO PERSONALITY
Sigmund Freud (1856-1939)
Born to poor Jewish parents in
what is now the Czech republic

APPROACHES TO PERSONALITY
Sigmund Freud (1856-1939)
Born to poor Jewish parents in
what is now the Czech republic
Became a physician (one of the
few professions available to Jews)

APPROACHES TO PERSONALITY
Sigmund Freud (1856-1939)
Born to poor Jewish parents in
what is now the Czech republic
Became a physician (one of the
few professions available to Jews)
Developed the talking cure to
address the symptoms of Anna O.

APPROACHES TO PERSONALITY
Shes in denial.

APPROACHES TO PERSONALITY
Shes in denial.
He thinks he loves her, but deep
down inside, he feels conflicted.

She grew up in a conservative

household, so shes totally
repressed.

APPROACHES TO PERSONALITY
Shes in denial.
He thinks he loves her, but deep
down inside, he feels conflicted.

She grew up in a conservative

household, so shes totally
repressed.

Stop being so anal(-retentive).

APPROACHES TO PERSONALITY
Shes in denial.
He thinks he loves her, but deep
down inside, he feels conflicted.

She grew up in a conservative

household, so shes totally
repressed.

Stop being so anal(-retentive).

Guys who drive Hummers are just
compensating for something.

APPROACHES TO PERSONALITY
Shes in denial.
He thinks he loves her, but deep
down inside, he feels conflicted.

She grew up in a conservative

household, so shes totally
repressed.

Stop being so anal(-retentive).

Guys who drive Hummers are just
compensating for something.

FREUDS STRUCTURE OF
PERSONALITY

Id: our innate

animalistic urges
driven by the pleasure
principle (pursuing
pleasure and avoiding
pain at all costs)

FREUDS STRUCTURE OF
PERSONALITY

Id: our innate

animalistic urges
driven by the pleasure
principle (pursuing
pleasure and avoiding
pain at all costs)

FREUDS STRUCTURE OF
PERSONALITY

Superego:
internalized societal
expectations; our
conscience

Id: our innate

animalistic urges
driven by the pleasure
principle (pursuing
pleasure and avoiding
pain at all costs)

FREUDS STRUCTURE OF
PERSONALITY

Superego:
internalized societal
expectations; our
conscience

Id: our innate

animalistic urges
driven by the pleasure
principle (pursuing
pleasure and avoiding
pain at all costs)

FREUDS STRUCTURE OF
PERSONALITY

Superego:
internalized societal
expectations; our
conscience
Ego: the conscious
self, mediating
between the id and
superego. Driven by
the reality principle.
Id: our innate
animalistic urges
driven by the pleasure
principle (pursuing
pleasure and avoiding
pain at all costs)

FREUDS STRUCTURE OF
PERSONALITY

FREUDS STRUCTURE OF
PERSONALITY
Superego:
internalized societal
expectations; our
conscience

Ego: the conscious

self, mediating
between the id and
superego. Driven by
the reality principle.

Id: our innate

animalistic urges
driven by the pleasure
principle (pursuing
pleasure and avoiding
pain at all costs)

FREUDS STRUCTURE OF
PERSONALITY
Superego:
internalized societal
expectations; our
conscience

Ego: the conscious

self, mediating
between the id and
superego. Driven by
the reality principle.

Id: our innate

animalistic urges
driven by the pleasure
principle (pursuing
pleasure and avoiding
pain at all costs)

Superego:
internalized
societal
expectations; our
conscience

Ego: the
conscious self,
mediating
between the id
and superego.
Driven by the
reality principle.

Id: our innate

animalistic urges
driven by the
pleasure principle
(pursuing pleasure
and avoiding pain at
all costs)

Ego: the
conscious self,
mediating
between the id
and superego.
Driven by the
reality principle.

Id: our innate

Ego: the
conscious self,
mediating
between the id
and superego.
Driven by the
reality principle.

Id: our innate

Ego: the
conscious self,
mediating
between the id
and superego.
Driven by the
reality principle.

Id: our innate

Ego: the
conscious self,
mediating
between the id
and superego.
Driven by the
reality principle.

Id: our innate

Intellectualization

Ego: the
conscious self,
mediating
between the id
and superego.
Driven by the
reality principle.

Id: our innate

Intellectualization
Fantasy

Ego: the
conscious self,
mediating
between the id
and superego.
Driven by the
reality principle.

Id: our innate

Intellectualization
Fantasy
Compensation

Ego: the
conscious self,
mediating
between the id
and superego.
Driven by the
reality principle.

Id: our innate

Intellectualization
Fantasy
Compensation
Projection (onto someone else)

Ego: the
conscious self,
mediating
between the id
and superego.
Driven by the
reality principle.

Id: our innate

Intellectualization
Fantasy
Compensation
Projection (onto someone else)

Ego: the
conscious self,
mediating
between the id
and superego.
Driven by the
reality principle.

Id: our innate

Intellectualization
Fantasy
Compensation
Projection (onto someone else)

Ego: the
conscious self,
mediating
between the id
and superego.
Driven by the
reality principle.

Id: our innate

animalistic urges
Superego:
driven by the
internalized
pleasure principle
societal
(pursuing pleasure
expectations; our
and avoiding pain at
conscience
all costs)
Deals with these conflicts with a host of defense mechanisms:
Denial
Reaction Formation
(exaggerating the opposite tendency)
Displacement (redirecting towards
something more acceptable to the individual)
Regression
Intellectualization
Fantasy
Compensation
Projection (onto someone else)

Ego: the
conscious self,
mediating
between the id
and superego.
Driven by the
reality principle.

Id: our innate

animalistic urges
Superego:
driven by the
internalized
pleasure principle
societal
(pursuing pleasure
expectations; our
and avoiding pain at
conscience
all costs)
Deals with these conflicts with a host of defense mechanisms:
Denial
Reaction Formation
(exaggerating the opposite tendency)
Displacement (redirecting towards
something more acceptable to the individual)
Regression
(to an earlier stage of development)
Intellectualization
Fantasy
Compensation
Projection (onto someone else)

Ego: the
conscious self,
mediating
between the id
and superego.
Driven by the
reality principle.

Id: our innate

animalistic urges
Superego:
driven by the
internalized
pleasure principle
societal
(pursuing pleasure
expectations; our
and avoiding pain at
conscience
all costs)
Deals with these conflicts with a host of defense mechanisms:
Denial
Reaction Formation
(exaggerating the opposite tendency)
Displacement (redirecting towards
something more acceptable to the individual)
Regression
(to an earlier stage of development)
Intellectualization
Repression
Fantasy
Compensation
Projection (onto someone else)

Ego: the
conscious self,
mediating
between the id
and superego.
Driven by the
reality principle.

Id: our innate

animalistic urges
Superego:
driven by the
internalized
pleasure principle
societal
(pursuing pleasure
expectations; our
and avoiding pain at
conscience
all costs)
Deals with these conflicts with a host of defense mechanisms:
Denial
Reaction Formation
(exaggerating the opposite tendency)
Displacement (redirecting towards
something more acceptable to the individual)
Regression
(to an earlier stage of development)
Intellectualization
Repression
Fantasy
Sublimation (socially acceptable
Compensation
displacement)
Projection (onto someone else)

CARL JUNG

CARL JUNG
Carl Jung (1875-1961)

CARL JUNG
Carl Jung (1875-1961)
Born in Zurich

CARL JUNG
Carl Jung (1875-1961)
Born in Zurich
Became a student of Freud at 30

CARL JUNG
Carl Jung (1875-1961)
Born in Zurich
Became a student of Freud at 30
Broke with Freud six years later over
disagreements about sex and religion

CARL JUNG
Carl Jung (1875-1961)
Born in Zurich
Became a student of Freud at 30
Broke with Freud six years later over
disagreements about sex and religion
Obsessed with myth and opposites

CARL JUNG
Carl Jung (1875-1961)
Born in Zurich
Became a student of Freud at 30
Broke with Freud six years later over
disagreements about sex and religion
Obsessed with myth and opposites
The Myers-Briggs Type indicator was
based on Jungian Types

MYERS-BRIGGS TYPE
INDICATOR

MYERS-BRIGGS TYPE
INDICATOR
Extraversion / Introversion (E/I): outward-turning or
inward-turning

MYERS-BRIGGS TYPE
INDICATOR
Extraversion / Introversion (E/I): outward-turning or

inward-turning
Sensing / Intuition (S/N): how one gathers information

MYERS-BRIGGS TYPE
INDICATOR
Extraversion / Introversion (E/I): outward-turning or

inward-turning
Sensing / Intuition (S/N): how one gathers information
Thinking / Feeling (T/F): how one makes decisions

MYERS-BRIGGS TYPE
INDICATOR
Extraversion / Introversion (E/I): outward-turning or

inward-turning
Sensing / Intuition (S/N): how one gathers information
Thinking / Feeling (T/F): how one makes decisions
Judgment / Perception (J/P): Having matters settled (J), or
decisions open (P)

MYERS-BRIGGS TYPE
INDICATOR
Extraversion / Introversion (E/I): outward-turning or

inward-turning
Sensing / Intuition (S/N): how one gathers information
Thinking / Feeling (T/F): how one makes decisions
Judgment / Perception (J/P): Having matters settled (J), or
decisions open (P)

ESTP
INTJ
ENFJ

MYERS-BRIGGS TYPE
INDICATOR
Extraversion / Introversion (E/I): outward-turning or

inward-turning
Sensing / Intuition (S/N): how one gathers information
Thinking / Feeling (T/F): how one makes decisions
Judgment / Perception (J/P): Having matters settled (J), or
decisions open (P)

ESTP
INTJ
ENFJ

http://www.humanmetrics.com/cgi-win/jtypes2.asp
http://www.teamtechnology.co.uk/mmdi/questionnaire/

A peek inside the psychoanalytic era

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pYIZcdmuicA

THE LEGACY OF
PSYCHOANALYTIC THEORY

THE LEGACY OF
PSYCHOANALYTIC THEORY
[Psychoanalysis is] one of the saddest and
strangest of all landmarks in the history of 20th
century thought. Freud unveiled the unconscious
to the world in 1900, at much the same time that
the electron, the quantum and the gene were
identified. But whereas they have been confirmed
by experiment after experiment, developing and
proliferating, Freudianism has never found
unequivocal empirical support and the very idea
of...the id, ego and superego has seemed
increasingly farfetched.
- Peter Watson, The Modern Mind

THE LEGACY OF
PSYCHOANALYTIC THEORY

Drew Westen

THE LEGACY OF
PSYCHOANALYTIC THEORY
Although commentators periodically declare that Freud is
dead, his repeated burials lie on shaky grounds. Critics
typically attack an archaic version of psychodynamic theory
that most clinicians similarly consider obsolete. Central to
contemporary psychodynamic theory is a series of
propositions about (a) unconscious cognitive, affective, and
motivational processes; (b) ambivalence and the tendency
for affective and motivational dynamics to operate in
parallel and produce compromise solutions; (c) the origins
of many personality and social dispositions in childhood; (d)
mental representations of the self, others, and relationships;
and (e) developmental dynamics. An enormous body of
research in cognitive, social, developmental, and personality
psychology now supports many of these propositions.
Freud's scientific legacy has implications for a wide range of
domains in psychology.

Drew Westen

THE FIVE-FACTOR MODEL OF

PERSONALITY (THE BIG 5)

Gordon Allport
1897-1967

THE FIVE-FACTOR MODEL OF

PERSONALITY (THE BIG 5)

Gordon Allport also rejected the

excesses of psychoanalysis.

Gordon Allport
1897-1967

THE FIVE-FACTOR MODEL OF

PERSONALITY (THE BIG 5)

Gordon Allport also rejected the

excesses of psychoanalysis.

In 1936, identified 18,000 Englishlanguage terms that could

distinguish the behavior of one
person from another.

Gordon Allport
1897-1967

THE FIVE-FACTOR MODEL OF

PERSONALITY (THE BIG 5)

Gordon Allport also rejected the

excesses of psychoanalysis.

In 1936, identified 18,000 Englishlanguage terms that could

distinguish the behavior of one
person from another.

Through a statistical process of

factor analysis, they found that all
18,000 of these examples of
personality clustered into five main
factors

Gordon Allport
1897-1967

THE BIG 5

THE
BIG
5
OPENNESS (to experience):
Intellect, imagination, curiosity,
creativity

CONSCIENTIOUSNESS: Order,
duty, deliberation, self-discipline