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Design&Construction of Floating Breakwaters-Case Study

This document discusses the design and construction of floating breakwaters for the Port of Bremerton using physical and computer modeling. Field data was collected and both physical and computer models were used to study wave attenuation. The physical model showed that a breakwater with a beam of 24.5 feet and draft of 8 feet could satisfy the target transmission coefficient. The computer models analyzed conditions for the existing and new marinas. An innovative concrete breakwater design was developed that could be constructed in sections and launched into place. The completed project provides effective wave protection for the marina as well as a public access park.

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shakirhamid6687
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712 views44 pages

Design&Construction of Floating Breakwaters-Case Study

This document discusses the design and construction of floating breakwaters for the Port of Bremerton using physical and computer modeling. Field data was collected and both physical and computer models were used to study wave attenuation. The physical model showed that a breakwater with a beam of 24.5 feet and draft of 8 feet could satisfy the target transmission coefficient. The computer models analyzed conditions for the existing and new marinas. An innovative concrete breakwater design was developed that could be constructed in sections and launched into place. The completed project provides effective wave protection for the marina as well as a public access park.

Uploaded by

shakirhamid6687
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Design and Construction of Floating

Breakwaters for the Port of Bremerton using


Physical and Computer Modeling

Robert F. Henry, P.E. Art Anderson Associates


Panchy Arumugasaamy, PhD, P.E. Art Anderson Associates
Woosuk Ahn, PhD, PE Reid Middleton
C.J. Garrison, PhD, P.E. Consultant in Marine Hydrodynamics
Vladimir Shepsis, PhD, P.E. Coast and Harbor Engineering

Site Location

Seattle

Bremerton

Old (Existing) Bremerton Marina

Ferry Terminal

Old (Existing) Bremerton Marina

Ferry Terminal

Old (Existing) Bremerton Marina

Ferry Terminal

New Bremerton Marina

Challenges of the New Marina


Existing marina was constructed in 1990s
Shallow draft floating breakwater attenuate
waves generated by wind
A limited existing body of knowledge regarding
wake waves
The large scale of harbor protection
requirements
A need to quantify the wake problem and its
effects

Data Collection and Modeling

Field Data
Collection
Physical
Modeling
Computer
Modeling

01:01:30
01:01:40
01:01:50
01:02:00
01:02:10
01:02:20
01:02:30
01:02:40
01:02:50
01:03:00
01:03:10
01:03:20
01:03:30
01:03:40
01:03:50
01:04:00
01:04:10
01:04:20
01:04:30
01:04:40
01:04:50
01:05:00
01:05:10
01:05:20
01:05:30
01:05:40
01:05:50
01:06:00
01:06:10
01:06:20
01:06:30
01:06:40
01:06:50
01:07:00
01:07:10
01:07:20
01:07:30
01:07:40
01:07:50
01:08:00
01:08:10
01:08:20
01:08:30
01:08:40
01:08:50
01:09:00
01:09:10
01:09:20
01:09:30
01:09:40
01:09:50
01:10:00

Water Surface Displacement (m)

03:44:30
03:44:40
03:44:50
03:45:00
03:45:10
03:45:20
03:45:30
03:45:40
03:45:50
03:46:00
03:46:10
03:46:20
03:46:30
03:46:40
03:46:50
03:47:00
03:47:10
03:47:20
03:47:30
03:47:40
03:47:50
03:48:00
03:48:10
03:48:20
03:48:30
03:48:40
03:48:50
03:49:00
03:49:10
03:49:20
03:49:30
03:49:40
03:49:50
03:50:00
03:50:10
03:50:20
03:50:30
03:50:40
03:50:50
03:51:00
03:51:10
03:51:20
03:51:30
03:51:40
03:51:50
03:52:00
03:52:10
03:52:20
03:52:30
03:52:40
03:52:50
03:53:00

Water Surface Displacement (m)

Data Collection Locations


AvgHeight = 0.08m
MaxHeight = 0.42m
AvgPeriod = 3.5
SigPeriod = 5.14

AvgHeight = 0.08m
MaxHeight = 0.45m
AvgPeriod = 3.7
SigPeriod = 4.55

Surface Displacement
10/4/02 03:44:32 - Burst 629 Data

0.3
OUTSIDE

OUTSIDE

INSIDE

0.2

0.1

-0.1

-0.2

-0.3

Time (hrs:min:sec)

Surface Displacement
9/29/02 01:01:36 - Burst 807 Data

0.3
INSIDE

0.2

0.1

-0.1

-0.2

-0.3

Time (hrs:min:sec)

Field Data and Engineering


Analysis Conclusions
The performance of the breakwater is
expressed through a transmission coefficient Kt.
It was estimated for the existing breakwater is
approximately Kt=0.65.
To satisfy standard criteria for marina
performance, Kt should be less than 0.40
To meet Kt=0.4, Beam (width) = 22.5 ft and
Draft (depth)= 7.5 ft.

Physical Model Setup


cL

101ft

147.6ft
17.4ft

24ft
14.1ft
13.1ft

WAVE
MAKER

2.3ft
EXISTING
BREAKWATER

1.6ft

MODIFIED
BREAKWATER

FLOATING
BREAKWATER

WG1

10ft

WG2 WG3

36ft

1
12

CHAIN
MOORING
FLUME BOTTOM

WG4

WIRE
MOORING
LINE

CLUMP
WEIGHTS

36ft

Model Breakwater Installation


Model of Existing
Breakwater
Mooring Chains and
Clump Weights
Mooring Line

Wave Tank in Motion

Physical Modeling Summary


To satisfy the requirement of Kt=0.4, the
breakwater beam and draft should be
24.5 ft and 8.0 ft, respectively

2-D Computer Modeling


(Transects 1-4)
211400

Depth
(feet, MLLW)

211200

100

211000

90
210800

80

210600

70
60

210400

210200

50
40

210000

30

209800

20
10

209600

0
209400

209200
1198000

1198400

1198800

1199200

1199600

1200000

2D Computer Model in Action


(Existing Marina)

Wave Heights for Existing


Marina Conditions
4.0

Wave Height (feet)

Transect 1 (South)
Transect 2
Transect 3
Transect 4 (North)

Breakwater

3.0

Shoreline

Incident Waves
2.0

1.0

0.0
0

100

200

300

400

500

600

Distance (feet)

700

800

900

1000

2D Computer Model in Action


(New Marina)

Wave Heights for New


Marina Conditions
4.0

Wave Height (feet)

Incident
Waves

Transect 1 (South)
Transect 2
Transect 3
Transect 4 (North)

Breakwater (location
varies in transects)

3.0

Shoreline

2.0

1.0

0.0
0

100

200

300

400

500

600

Distance (feet)

700

800

900

1000

Breakwater and Mooring


Lines Layout

Elastic Connection for


Modeling

Tension in Catenary Moorings


CATENARY LINE TENSION
Hs=2.9', T0 = 2.9s
120,000

TENSION, (LBS)

80,000
Line 6
Line 4
Line 2

40,000

100

200
300
TIME, (s)

400

500

Mooring Analysis and


Structural Design
Mooring Analysis
Iterations of mooring and hydrodynamic
analyses
Level of pretension, length, and size of mooring
lines were determined

Typical Mooring Line

Mooring Analysis and


Structural Design
Consideration of various facilities and float
launching methods
Maximum length of individual body = 150 ft
Four different concrete mix designs (ready mixed)
Lightweight fine aggregate (imported from
Colorado State) blending with normal weight
aggregates.

Concrete Mixture Details

Typical Breakwater Section

Breakwater Connection Plan

C4

A1
12

ft

C3

A2
C2

A3
11

A4
ft

B1

B2

B3

B4

C1

Construction of Breakwater

Breakwater Side wall

Foam Filler for Breakwater

Breakwater Top Deck Being Poured

Work is Underway!

Breakwater Launch

Breakwater Launch Floating

Breakwater Launch

Breakwater Launch Floating

Assembled Breakwater Being Towed

Assembled Breakwater

Public Access to Marina

Access Ramp from Marina to


Breakwater

Completed Marina with Breakwater

Summary
Not only breakwater but also over-water
park
Innovative construction applicable to many
different manufacturing and launching
methods.
Make an impact on other local governments,
A/E firms and contractors to develop future
durable and cost-effective breakwaters.
Environmental & public-friendly breakwater

We will Happy to Answer any


Questions?

Thank You

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