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The document discusses the basics of operating systems and provides details about Microsoft Windows XP. It explains what an operating system is and its main responsibilities. It then describes Windows XP, including its various editions, features, and history. It is the most widely used operating system in India and has over 400 million copies in use globally.

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pmagrawal
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45 views

CCC 1

The document discusses the basics of operating systems and provides details about Microsoft Windows XP. It explains what an operating system is and its main responsibilities. It then describes Windows XP, including its various editions, features, and history. It is the most widely used operating system in India and has over 400 million copies in use globally.

Uploaded by

pmagrawal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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S ecti on 1

1.1 Mi crosof t Wi n d ow s XP/ 2003


Wh at i s an op erati n g system an d b asi c of w in d ow s?
The ope rat i n g s yst em (OS ) i s t he f i rst t hi ng l oad ed ont o t he
com put er, wi t hout t he operat i n g s ys t em , a com put er i s usel ess. The
purpos e of an oper at i ng s yst em i s t o organi z e and cont rol hardware and
s oft ware so t hat t he devi ce i t l i ves i n b ehaves i n a fl ex i bl e but predi ct abl e
wa y. The op erat i n g s yst em i s a i nt e r face bet we en use r and com put er.
C om put er soft ware can be di vi ded i nt o t wo m ai n cat e gori es :
Ap p l i cati on sof tw are and syst e m sof tw are .
Appl i cat i on soft war e consi st s of t he progr am s for per form i ng t asks
part i cul ar t o t he m achi ne 's ut i l i z at i on. Ex am pl es of appl i cat i on soft wa re
i ncl ude spre adshee t s, dat abase s yst e m s, deskt op publ i shi ng s yst em s ,
program devel opm ent soft ware, and gam es. " Appl i c at i on soft ware i s
gen eral l y what we t hi nk of when som eone speaks of com p ut er pro gram s .
Thi s s oft ware i s d esi gned t o sol ve a part i cul ar probl em for us ers. Th e
di agr am b el ow i l l ust rat es t he rel at i onshi p bet ween appl i cat i on soft wa r e
and s ys t em soft wa re. On t he ot her hand, s yst em soft ware i s m ore
t rans parent and l ess not i ced b y t he t yp i cal com put er user. Thi s soft war e
provi des a gene ral progr am m i ng envi r onm ent i n whi ch progr am m ers can
creat e s peci fi c appl i cat i ons t o suit t heir needs . Thi s envi ronm ent provi des
new funct i ons t hat are not avai l abl e at t he hardw ar e l evel and per form s
t as ks rel at ed t o ex e cut i ng t he appl i cat i on program . S yst e m soft ware a ct s
as an i nt erfac e bet ween t he hard war e of t he com put er an d t he appl i cat i on
s oft ware t hat use rs need t o run on t he com put er. An oper a t i ng s yst em has
t hree m ai n r esponsi bi l i t i es:
1. P erform basi c t as ks, such as re co gni z i ng i nput from t he k e ybo ard,
s endi ng out put t o t he di spl a y scr een, ke epi ng t ra ck of fi l es and di rect ori es
on t he di sk, and cont rol l i ng peri phe ra l devi ces such as di sk dri ves and
pri nt ers .
2. Ensure t hat di ffe r ent program s and us ers runni n g at t he s am e t i m e
d o n o t i nt erfere wi t h each ot he r.
3. P rovi de a soft w a re pl at form on t op of whi ch ot he r pro gram s (i .e.,
appl i cat i on soft war e ) can run.
The m ost operat i ng s yst em i n Indi a i s Mi crosoft s W i ndows
operat i n g s yst em . Am ong t hese W i ndows 98 and W i ndows XP are t he m os t
us ed oper at i ng s yst e m i n P C (P ersonal C om put er). Mi crosoft W i ndows 2000
and M i crosoft W i ndows 2003 are t h e net work oper at i ng sys t em whi ch i s
us ed i n t he net work . Ot her ope rat i n g s yst em s are U N IX, LI NUX, OS / 2 ar e
al s o wi del y used a nd acc ept ed. W i ndows XP i s t he nam e of a l i ne of
operat i n g s yst em s devel oped b y Mi c r osoft for use on gen eral -purpos e
com put er s yst em s, i ncl ud i ng hom e and busi ness deskt ops, not ebook
com put ers, and m edi a cent ers. The l et t ers "XP " st and for experi enc e .[ 1]
C odenam ed W hi st l er duri ng i t s devel op m ent , W i ndows XP i s t he successor
t o bot h W i ndows 2000 and W i ndows Me, and i s t he fi rst consum er -ori ent ed
operat i n g s yst em pr oduced b y Mi c rosof t t o be bui l t on t he W i ndows NT
kernel and archi t e c t ure. W i t h t he rel e ase of W i ndows X P t he W i ndows
95/ 98 archi t ect ur e was fi nal l y di sc ont i nued. W i ndows XP was fi rs t
rel eas ed on O ct obe r 25, 2001, and as of 2006 cont i nue s t o be t he m os t

recent consum e r versi on of Mi crosoft W i ndows avai l abl e, wi t h over 400


m i l l i on copi es i n use. The m ost com m on edi t i ons of t he operat i n g s yst em
are W i ndows XP Hom e Edi t i on, which i s t arget ed at h om e users, and
W i ndows XP P rofessi onal , whi ch has a ddi t i onal feat ures s uch as support
for W i ndows S erve r dom ai ns and du al p rocessors, and i s t a r get ed at po wer
us ers and busi ness cl i ent s. W i ndows XP Medi a C ent er Edi t i on consi st s of
W i ndows XP P rofessi onal wi t h new feat ur es enhan ci n g t he abi l i t y t o
reco rd and wat ch TV shows, wat ch DVDs, l i st en t o musi c and m ore.
W i ndows XP Tabl et P C Edi t i on i s desi gned t o run t he i nk -a ware T abl et P C
pl at form . Two separ at e 64 -bi t versi ons of W i ndows XP were al so rel eased,
W i ndows XP 64 -bi t Edi t i on for IA -64 ( It ani um ) pro c essor s and W i ndows
XP P rofessi onal x 64 Edi t i on for AMD64/ EM64T processo rs. W i ndows XP
i s known for i t s i mproved st abi l i t y and effi ci enc y ove r pre vi ous versi ons
of W i ndows. It p resent s a si gni fi ca nt l y redesi gn ed grap h i cal u ser
i n terf ace (G UI ), a chan ge Mi cr osoft pr om ot ed as m ore us e r -fri endl y t h an
previ ous versi ons of W i ndows. New soft ware m an a ge m ent capabi l i t i es
were i nt rodu ced t o avoi d t he " D LL hel l " t hat pl a gued ol der consum er
vers i ons of W i ndows. It i s al so t he fi rst versi on of W i ndows t o use product
act i vat i on t o com bat soft ware pi ra c y, a rest ri ct i on t hat di d not sit well
wi t h s om e users a nd pri vac y advo ca t es. W i ndows XP has al so been
cri t i ci z ed b y som e users for securi t y v ul nerabi l i t i es, t i ght i nt egrat i on of
appl i cat i ons such as Int ern et Ex pl orer and W i ndows Medi a P l a yer, an d for
as pect s of i t s use r i nt erfac e. W i ndows Vi st a i s schedul ed t o be t he nex t
m aj or revi si on o f Mi crosoft W i ndows, wi t h a pl anned r el ease dat e of
Novem ber 2006 fo r busi ness edi t i ons, and J anuar y 2007 fo r ot her edi t i ons .

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