Ultimate Stem: The Book

e
t
a
m
i
t
l
u
M
E
T
TEM
S
n
i
ents
m
o
ing m
h
c
a
ng te
i
z
a
m
49 a
16
15-20
0
2
,
STEM
rsity
rban te Unive
U
S
#M
Sta
igan
h
c
i
M
I | ultimate STEM
The only shame is to pretend that we have all the answers.
e
t
a
m
i
t
l
Neil deGrasse Tyson
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons

Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0
International License.
To view a copy of this license, visit:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
Photo Courtesy
September 2015
ultimate STEM | II
M
E
T
THIS BOOK IS DEDICATED TO TEACHERS EVERYWHERE.
III | ultimate STEM
Contents
Preface
Acknowledgments
Project Team
4x+y=Awesome!

Fitzgerald Crane

Lidia Ortiz

Tasia Pena

Eu Hyun(Choi) Tang

Valia Thompson
BLISK15

Shujuana Lovett
Jennifer Schultz
Tracy Iammartino
Laura Boyle
Edward Kania
BLT w/ Cheese and Mayo

Molly Lahart

Chris Layton

Thomas Sherlock

Leigha Ingham

Bessie Rahman
ultimate STEM | IV
C5

William R. Brown
Kendra L. Mallory
Kyle Radcliff
Aurora Tyagi
Jeanettra Watkins
Cosmic Clouds

Joanna Calandreillo

Albert Lang

Stephen Tow

Delora Washington

Lucy Young

Heike Crabs

Karoline Sharp

Tim Nuttle

Melanie Yau

Katleya Healy

Juven Macias
Parkour

Monkeys
Bethany Blackwood
Laura Frcka
Oscar Newman
Libby Robertson
Halyna Sendoun
Pentagonal

Melinet Ellison

Sandra Jackson

Preston Lewis

Lucas Smith

Andrew Stricker
STEMradarie

Gretchen Brinza

Jeff Erickson

Sushma Lohitsa

Darnella Wesley
Jammin Teachers

Kevin Connolly

James Edstrom

Marianna Jennings

Daphne Moore

Tracey Walker-Hines
V | ultimate STEM
Preface
The universe is
made of stories,
not of atoms
Muriel Rukeyser
Every educator has had an amazing teaching moment. It is that magical

moment, when the topic comes to life and the energy in the classroom is
palpable. These are moments that we cannot help but share we run out and
corner the first person we meet and insist on telling them about it. These are
the stories that give meaning to our professional lives.
This book is a collection of such amazing teaching moments.
This book contains forty-nine such amazing teaching moments in the STEM
disciplines. These 49 educators, from the Chicago Public Schools, came
together as a part of the Michigan State University run Urban STEM program.
These talented educators were selected after a rigorous review process to be
part of this year-long fellowship. Each of them came with deep experience and
passion for teaching the STEM subjects and more importantly for the success
of their students.
It is this depth of experience and passion that these stories seek to capture and
convey. These educators share a passion for STEM education and see it as a
fun and exciting way to look at the world. Their excitement is evident in the
teaching successes presented in this book. These educators believe science is
a cool map to understanding life and the world in which we live. Math is a fun
ultimate STEM | VI
VII | ultimate STEM
language that has links to everyday objects as well as the

secrets of the universe. Engineering is a vast playground
of inventions waiting to be developed and/or repurposed
while technology allows us to extend the ways our bodies
and minds function.
So these stories help us understand what makes these
teachers tick. These stories help us learn from the best.
This book, however, is more than these individual stories.
The educators in the UrbanSTEM cohort went a step
further. They shared their stories with each other (in
small groups) and then put their collective minds together
to identify themes that cut across these stories, to find
nuggets of wisdom that are shared across these diverse
amazing teaching moments.
Thus this book contains not just the stories but also these
themes. In all, this book has 49 powerful themes that
would be of interest to other educators as they seek to
create the ultimate STEM curriculum.
Enjoy.
ultimate STEM | VIII
Acknowledgements
This book (and the program that helped create it) is the result of the hard
work and effort of a large team of people. First and foremost, none of this
would have been possible without the generous support of Wipro Ltd. and
their commitment to education in the STEM disciplines, particularly in urban
districts such as Chicago. We would specifically like to thank Anurag Behar of
Wipro and the Arim Premji Foundation for his efforts in making this project
a reality.
We are also grateful to Microsoft or their donation of Surface Pro tablets for
the forst and the second cohorts of teachers in our program. A special thanks
to Dr. Jim Ptaszynski, and Jacqueline Russell helping make this happen.
We would also like to thank Chicago Public Schools for their partnership. In
particular we would like to mention Aarti Dhupelia, Chief Officer of College
and Career Success; Dakota Pawlicki, Director of Strategic Partnerships
and Projects; Litrea Hunter, Chicago based recruitment and sustainability
coordinator; and Lana Brown, outreach specialist. This has been a genuine
partnership between MSU and CPS and these individuals are among many who
have made this possible.
IX | ultimate STEM
There are numerous people at Michigan State University

and the College of Education (too numerous to mention)
who have helped in ways large and small in making this
project a reality. We would like to specially thank Dean
Don Heller for his support, Marcy Wallace for helping
navigate the intricacies of budgets and other red-tape,
and Jessica Pham and Heather Johnson for administrative
support.
The planning, technology, and evaluation team at MSU
consisted of (in alphabetical order) Inese Bertzina-Pitcher,
Swati Mehta, and Christopher Seals. This book was the
brain-child of Punya Mishra and the instructional team,
which includes Missy Cosby, Akesha Horton, Candace
Marcotte, Rohit Mehta, and Kyle Shack. Swati Mehta
took the lead in providing feedback and shepherding the
writing process, cleaning up and organizing documents in
consistent format. Thanks also to Jonah Magar, Expresso
Book Machine coordinator at MSU Libraries, for helping
with the printing process. The book was designed by
Punya Mishra.
teaching in general, and to urban education in specific, can

be felt in every aspect of the program.
Finally, a heartfelt thanks to the 25 teachers who are the
second cohort of the 2015-2016 MSU-Wipro Urban
STEM Teaching and Leadership fellows. This project
runs on their shoulders. The 49 reflections in this book
are testimony to their creativity, passion, and concern
for excellence in STEM learning. They often work in
challenging contexts with multiple pressures on their time
and energy. It has been our privilege to work with them
and learn from them and we thank them for giving us this
opportunity.
Sincerely
The MSU-Wipro Urban STEM Fellowship 2015
Teaching Team
(Punya Mishra, Missy Cosby, Akesha Horton, Candace Marcotte,
Rohit Mehta, & Kyle Shack)
Additional resources related

to this book and the project
can be found at
msurbanstem.org
September 2015, East Lansing, MI
We would also like to thank the leadership team at MSU:

Dr. Punya Mishra, Dr. Sonia Gunnings-Moton, and Dr.
Leigh Graves Wolf. Their commitment to excellence in
ultimate STEM | X
XI | ultimate STEM
Project Team
Project Directors
Dr. Sonya Gunnings-Moton, Dr. Punay Mishra, Dr. Leigh Graves Wolf
Instructional Team
Dr. Punya Mishra, Missy Cosby, Dr. Akesha Horton, Candace Marcotte,
Rohit Mehta, Kyle Shack
Chicago Public Schools Liaison
Dakota Pawlicki, Litrea Hunter, Lana Brown
Assessment & Evaluation
Chris Seals, Inese Berzina-Pitcher, Rohit Mehta
Technical Support
Rohit Mehta, Swati Mehta
Project Management & Administrative
Jessica Pham, Inese Berzina-Pitcher, Heather Johnson
In-house Journalist
Chessi Oetjens
Preliminary Curriculum Development Team
Dr. Michelle Schira Hagerman, Andrea Zellner, Day Greenberg
ultimate STEM | XII
XIII | ultimate STEM
g
n
i
az
g
n
i
h
c
s
a
t
e
n
e
T
m
Mo

am
ultimate STEM | XIV
XV | ultimate STEM
Fitzgerald Crane
AMAZING TEACHING MOMENT
TEAM
4X+Y=Awesome!
ultimate STEM | XVI
A lucky man, surrounded

by wonder, and blessed
with a knack for enjoying
it. The proud father of two
amazing daughters, poised
to take over the world. A
fourth grade teacher at
Edison Regional Gifted
Center and primary witness
to the wonder of the world
on a daily basis.
An Enlightened Catastrophe
Oliver, like many of his peers in my fourth grade classroom, was a highly
inquisitive boy with a natural proclivity for understanding. Oliver questioned
everything and often stayed up late, pondering the fate of the world. That
is what lead to his problem. He found the current commercial iterations
of alarm clock to be insufficient for his needs. The mere buzzing of a
mechanical device placed proximally on his nightstand, was found to be easily
stifled by the sonic-sucking powers of a fluffy pillow. The resultant tardiness
and accompanying feelings of anxiety manifested in genuine symptoms of
stress. He decided to do something about it.
Oliver was primed to accept his personal learning challenge. Powerful
moments of understanding are often fueled by the provocation of fixing
ones world. Oliver embraced the challenge of engaging in the engineering
design process maximally through his quest to build the perfect alarm
clock. As his teacher, I served as a guide, coach and fellow thought partner.
Together, we developed a digital design notebook to collect his ideas, research
and reflections.
1 | ultimate STEM
Lidia Ortiz
After brainstorming multiple iterations, Oliver developed

a single prototype from one promising idea: The Alarm
Alight. The device combined the inner workings of an
existing plug-in timer with a circuit board that powered
up LED bulbs.
On the day of the science fair, Oliver was poised to
unleash his idea to the world. He was confident that
his innovation would save students across the globe.
Excitement was palpable. A crowd gathered for the
official unveiling. Suddenly, the spry legs of a wandering
toddler tangled in the wires of the Alarm Alight and
instantaneously it was aloft. 9.8m/s/s later, Olivers
singular prototype was obliterated into scattered pieces,
spread across the gymnasium floor. Surprisingly, the
audible gasp came not from the mouth of the 9 year old
inventor, but from the gaping jaws of every parent visitor
now standing before him. Calmly, Oliver proclaimed,
Not to worry folks its all under control! He proceeded
to scoop up each minuscule piece. Then, speaking
in jargon heard only in Electricians Conventions,
Oliver named each constituent, accurately described
its function, and reassembled the Alarm Alight. The
LEDs illuminated, turning certain catastrophe into an
enlightening moment for all.
ultimate STEM | 2

My Amazing Teaching Moment involved my sophomore chemistry classes.
Traditionally, our first unit in chemistry is the Atom and, historically, I
have found this unit to be quite dry for students as it involves more direct
instruction and very little laboratory investigation. This year my goal was to
engage my students more in the learning process throughout the Atom unit.
photo
Lidia Ortiz currently teaches
AP Biology, Biology, and
Chemistry at Northside College
Preparatory High School in
Chicago. Lidia earned her
B.S. in Biology from the
University of Illinois at UrbanaChampaign and her M.Ed. in
Secondary Education from
DePaul University. She is also
a National Board Certified
teacher in Adolescent/Young
Adult Science.
In order to accomplish this goal, I elected not to lecture on the development

of the atomic theory. Instead, I had my students work in collaborative groups
to create a Prezi presentation that reflected the development of the atomic
theory. For this, I gave them a basic list of important contributors to the
development of the atomic theory. This list included individuals such as
Democritus, Dalton, Bohr, Rutherford, etc. Students researched to determine
the important contribution that each of these individuals made to the
development of the atomic theory and the chronology of the contributions.
I also challenged my students to find at least one additional individual
whose work contributed to the development of the atomic theory, but who
belonged to traditionally underrepresented factions (such as people of color,
women, etc.) in science textbooks.
3 | ultimate STEM
Student groups were then asked

to present their research utilizing
a Prezi presentation of their own
design. I then asked the student
groups to choose two of the
individuals they included in their
presentation and had them create an
Epic Rap Battle of Science History
video. In their videos, students had
to portray their two scientists using
raps to battle each other about
the significance of their individual
contribution to the development of
the atomic theory. It was important
that their rap prose be scientifically
accurate, but I allowed for creative
license regarding the style of dress,
performance attitude, and tone of
voice.
ultimate STEM | 4
Tasia Pena
Teaching narrative writing is difficult. Students get their thoughts, characters,
settings, and especially use of dialogue jumbled up. I want my students to
enjoy writing. I feel like I take away their creativity as we go through the
editing process; too much of me or other students ideas end up in their final
products.
Tasia is an elementary school
teacher. She loves math
and science, and studied
Pure Mathematics at DePaul
University which led to a
Masters in Arts and Science.
Tasia has a passion for teaching
and hopes to teach math at
the college level one day. Tasia
recently married a wonderful
man she has known since high
school, Alex. Together, they are
the proud parents of two cats,
Eva and Jezebel, a chameleon,
Ramon, and a parakeet, Bird.
To change this, I had the students create stop motion videos and incorporate
the steps of the writing process. First, students blogged about ideas for
their videos. Next, students commented on each others blogs and grouped
themselves based on their video topics. Students then created an 8 frame
comic strip to show what would happen in their stop motion video. They had
to have the scenes in sequential order, have the settings drawn out, and have
their characters use dialogue or incorporate dialogue in some way.
The students collaborated on their comic strips, discussed what their settings
would be and what materials they would need for their videos. Many of the
students built props, brought in action figures or created their own characters
with Legos or clay.
5 | ultimate STEM
Students used a free app on their devices to make a quick

stop motion video to see what kinks they would need
to work out before shooting their stories. For example,
this practice allowed them to play with increasing frames
per second, which led to a mini lesson in the classroom
on fractions and time.
It was evident that the students really enjoyed making
stop motion videos and this in turn, translated into them
working on the writing process without even knowing it.
Normally, when the students write a narrative essay they
look for examples online and the end product is a stale
carbon copy of something on the web. The personalized
and creative nature of the videos really forced the
students to interact and discuss the narrative elements
of each others videos. Students worked together and
quickly assigned the roles that each team member would
play in their video. In the groups, they discussed setting,
character, and dialogue without really thinking about
the mechanics of it. They had to think about their
characters appearances (if they were creating them by
hand or if they were going to star in the video) and they
had to think of a story that flowed and made sense (they
were all excited to share their stories and other groups
provided critiques as they watched them). I took great
ultimate STEM | 6
pleasure in watching their videos and posting them on

our classroom site for others to enjoy.
I envision myself continuing to use stop motion in
writing as part of language arts, but also using this
medium in science, math, and social studies. Students can
show a volcano erupting, the moon changing phases as
it rotates around Earth, and the Mayflowers treacherous
voyage across the ocean. Students (and teachers) get
bored of the same pencil and paper routine. The
students just complete the work to please the teacher, but
some do not take joy in their work or in their classmates
work. Stop motion videos are exciting since they are
using so many sources to complete them. It goes beyond
pencil, paper, and coloring utensils. It adds computers,
cameras, voice, and music recording. They are miniature
movies that the students created and that they could
publish (for instance, on YouTube) so others could watch
and enjoy as well. There are limitless opportunities with
stop motion technology and I cannot wait to incorporate
it in my lessons.
photo
7 | ultimate STEM
Eu Hyun (Choi) Tang

Eu Hyun (Choi) Tang is a 7th

grade math teacher at Volta
Elementary School. She
believes in lifelong learning and
is committed to learning from
her Math Professional Learning
Community and Instructional
Leadership Team. She is a
participant in the MSU Urban
STEM program where she is
learning to integrate STEM into
her teaching & leadership.
ultimate STEM | 8
As a student, I was taught Algebra in a traditional method. Teachers

demonstrated on chalkboard how to balance equations, and I simply followed
the steps. I didnt quite understand why we were doing what we were doing,
but I listened to do the teacher and followed the directions, because that was
Algebra. Consequently, this is how I taught my 7th grade students as well,
because thats how I learned, until, I was part of a study group and discovered
Hands on Equation. Its a manipulative set you can purchase online (I dont
work for this company), to help student understand balancing equations. This
tool essentially helps students grasp the concept that an equal sign means that
the two sides of the equal signs are balanced, and it helps students solve for
one-step/two-step equations.
Can you figure out what the unknown quantity of

the pawn is? They can easily answer that it is 8, since
number 8 is equal to the pawn, the pawn must be 8.
After my students understand this concept, then I move
on to placing 3 pawns and 24 pawns in total on each side
of the balance. My students can figure out 24 / 3 = 8, so
each pawn must be 8.
After my students understand the concept of hands
on equation, I let my students explore using word
problems. For example, a typical Algebra math problem:
Three times a number, increased by 1, is 25. Find the
number. My students would place 3 pawns for 3 times an
unknown number, along with a number 1 on one side of
the balance, and then 25 on the other side of the balance.
The student kit comes with blue and white pawns that represent the unknown
variable, green (positive) and red (negative) dye to represent quantities.
I start my lesson by modeling one pawn on one side of the balance, and a
number 8 (or any number) on the other side of the balance. I ask my students,
9 | ultimate STEM
Valia Thompson
Valia Thompson is a
middle school science
teacher and a mother of
three daughters. She is
currently a graduate at
National Louis University
where she earned her BA
in Elementary Education
and Concordia University
and her Masters in
Curriculum and Instruction
with a minor in adolescent
literacy.
Lesson Galapagos Island and Evolution/Change over Time

My lesson was taught to seventh grade students on evolution. I wanted them
to become Darwin to study the diversity of finches on Galapagos Island. I
started my lesson by showing images of Galapagos Island. I then showed
my students pictures of the different finches that Darwin studied and asked
them if they notice any similarities or differences in the finches. This got my
students thinking about the diversity of birds. When you think of birds, you
typically think of wings, feathers, and a beak, but after looking at the different
finches, my students were able to see the finches beaks and feet were shaped
differently.
I then proceeded to ask my students a series of questions that they discussed
in small groups of 5 and then as a class. The questions that I asked were as
follows:

Why are there so many species of finches on the Galapagos Islands?

What makes beaks effective?
If beak is deemed effective, how does that allow the finch to survive
and reproduce more?
better and they tested their ideas. My students were

given a variety of materials to choose from for beaks:
spoons, small and large binder clips, and tweezers (next
time they will build the birds beak instead). They then
chose a food that they thought was best suited for their
beak: rice, uncooked or cooked popcorn, and beans.
The students tested either two different beaks to one
food choice or one beak to two different food choices
and graphed their data. The students then used this data
to conclude which bird would survive based upon their
beak and which beak was best suited for each food.
After the experiment, each student chose one of
Darwins finches and researched and created that finch
with papier-mch or with paint and cardboard. The
students studied the beaks and feet of their finch and
had to determine what their finch ate based upon their
findings. After the students created their finches, I hung
them around the room to display. I wanted my students
to really experience Galapagos Island so the last part of
this lesson was building Galapagos Island. In this step,
my students created different animals in the same way
that they had created their finches. They made giant trees
and water out of butcher paper and I displayed their
Island in the classroom. They were Darwin and they
explored Galapagos Island just as he did!
This discussion led to students making hypothesis about which beaks were
ultimate STEM | 10
11 | ultimate STEM
Words of Wisdom from

4X+Y=AWESOME!
Flexibility: Pedagogical flexibility allows for differentiation, impromptu lessons, and alternative
assessment. This opens the door to interdisciplinary connections and allows for greater teachable
moments.
Teacher as Facilitator & Student Collaboration: Teacher as a facilitator creates activities
which allow students to take ownership of their own learning to become experts through student
collaboration.
Student Choice: Student choice allows for alternative assessment, increased student
engagement, differentiation as students are invested in their own learning.
Student Engagement: Student engagement allows students to be active participants in their
own learning, keeping them captivated and interested.
Creativity: Creativity allows for multiple intelligences, with open interpretations that exceed
teacher expectations and plays on students strengths.
ultimate STEM | 12
13 | ultimate STEM
Shujuana Lovett
M
A
E
T
ultimate STEM | 14
!
5
1
K
BLIS
Shujuana Lovett currently

teaches sixth grade science
at Myra Bradwell School of
Excellence. She has taught
various grades and subjects
during the last 22 years. During
her last four years, her focus
has been science curricula
content. This amazing area of
study has been most rewarding
for her in captivating student
abilities to be critical thinkers
and unlock their wonderings
about the natural world.
This amazing lesson was designed for the audience of middle school students
who are in sixth grade. This population of students are 98.9% African
American students with similar socio-economic backgrounds. This group
of students includes about a 30% population of diverse learners. There is a
wide range of parental involvement in this community where these group of
students attend school.
My Ultimate STEM idea is the phenomenon of Motion. Unlocking the big
question What role does motion play in roller coaster physics? I wanted to
get my students to wrap their understanding around how motion affects us
in everyday life. So in this amazing lesson I began with connecting students
to the Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS) to captivate this big idea.
Through the NGSS my students and I started with concentrating on what do
we want to know and be able to do this at the end of this lesson.
We started with developing a hypothesis about roller coasters, which led us to
create blueprint designs, and students having a gradual release of the content
to test their hypothesis and construct their design. The blueprints were really
a huge piece in getting students to unlock the big question of How does
15 | ultimate STEM
motion affect us on a roller coaster? My students had a rich fishbowl discussion about visiting an amusement park and
the experience of riding a rollercoaster which supported the accountable student talk in the classroom. They shared
their experiences which lead to the phenomenon of understanding the motion of the coaster. Referring back to their
blueprints students designed and constructed roller coasters to be tested for speed of an object in motion. During
this amazing lesson students also experienced opportunities to deepen their understanding about potential and kinetic
energy, friction, and gravity. My students learned that roller coasters are driven by the force of gravity and that the
conversion between potential and kinetic energy is essential to all roller coasters. Students also had to apply the role of
friction in slowing down cars in a roller coaster. Lastly, students examined the acceleration of their roller coaster cars
as they traveled around the track. This student-centered activity imbedded cross-curricular opportunities to increase
student engagement for interconnectedness of other core subjects.
photo
This was an amazing and awesome lesson because students gained the knowledge about the possibilities and
limitations of roller coasters within the context of energy conservation, frictional losses, and other physical principles.
ultimate STEM | 16
17 | ultimate STEM
Jennifer Schultz
This series of lessons comes at the beginning of the second unit of my
Algebra-I curriculum. In our first unit, students learned to use inverse
operations, apply the distributive property, and combine like terms in order
to solve multi-step equations. Our second unit focuses on writing and solving
equations that represent word or story problems--a skill that is generally quite
challenging for 8th graders.
Jennifer Schultz is a middle school
math, science, and language arts
teacher. She has a BA in Political
Science from Loyola University,
an MA in Curriculum & Instruction
from University of Phoenix, and
has completed her math and
science endorsements through
the University of Chicago SESAME
program. When she is not teaching,
Jennifer enjoys traveling, reading,
and spending time with her
husband and their dog Hank.
ultimate STEM | 18
This series of lessons, which is adapted from the CME Algebra-I curriculum,
allows students to gain confidence writing equations for basic situations and
ends with the challenging Diophantus problem for an ultimate confidence
boost before exploring more typical word problems. The first time I taught
the curriculum, I received a great amount of positive student feedback
surrounding the Diophantus problem. Students felt a tremendous amount
of pride after tackling the problem--having solved what they thought was an
unsolvable problem. Their feedback also told me that the curriculum lessons
involving the number tricks were not helpful in the beginning of the chapter,
but that they made total sense as a starting point by the end of the unit.
With this feedback I set out to

redesign the unit and create a series
of lessons that used a gradual
release of responsibility. My hope
being that students would see the
benefit of beginning with number
tricks at the start of the unit,
while still experiencing the thrill
of the Diophantus problem. After
redesigning the unit, I found that
students were as thrilled solving and
airing their own personal number
tricks as they were when solving the
Diophantus problem.
19 | ultimate STEM
Tracy Iammartino
Tracy Iammartino teaches 7th

and 8th grade science at Norman
Bridge Elementary school located
in Chicago. An educator for 19
years, Tracy earned a Bachelors
in Secondary Education University
of Missouri, received a Masters
in Science Education from
Illinois Institute of Technology,
and achieved National Board
Certification in 2007. A lifelong
learner, she enjoys a variety of
hobbies including gardening,
biking, knitting and crocheting.
ultimate STEM | 20
7th grade science curriculum focuses on life science and the Ecology unit
discusses cellular processes in organisms. Photosynthesis is just one of the
many cellular processes discussed and how those processes contribute to
ecosystems. Students are challenged to think about how organisms act in an
environment. One way this is done by looking at the energy in ecosystems
and how that energy changes when organisms change. For example, students
study what happens to an ecosystem when an invasive species is introduced.
Students examine how the relationships change and the energy flow changes.
While this is intriguing, I felt that students did not see what their role
was in ecosystems. I challenged students to think about how energy gets
from the sun to them. Students were to construct a comic or other visual
representation to show how energy from the sun reached the cells in their
bodies. The only writing students could use was to describe the chemical
reactions for photosynthesis and cellular respiration. Through small and large
group discussions, students wrestled with big ideas like energy and how that
energy flows through the ecosystems to their cells.
The final products were amazing!

Students used their own interests
and hobbies in their comics to show
how energy was transferred in their
bodies. Students demonstrated
their knowledge of cell anatomy
by drawing the various structures
needed for photosynthesis and
cellular respiration. I was able to
address individual misconceptions by
looking at students rough drafts and
observing small group interactions.
After the project, when we had
discussions about Ecology there was
always a me factor, students would
comment or describe how they fit
in the issue discussed. I felt students
mastered and retained the material.
I teach these same students for 8th
grade science, and in their group
discussions about chemical processes
they could recall photosynthesis and
cellular respiration and were able to
describe the products and reactants.
21 | ultimate STEM
Laura Boyle
Laura Boyle is a science teacher at

Gwendolyn Brooks College Prep,
a selective enrollment high school
on Chicagos South Side, where
she has taught for six years. Prior
to teaching she was an ecologist
and worked in fisheries biology
in Alaska. Laura has taught AP
biology, biology, anatomy and
physiology, environmental science,
and AP environmental science.
ultimate STEM | 22
My amazing teaching moment is from the second day of my DNA unit in

AP Biology. A class period is typically 104 minutes long. The first day of the
unit is spent reviewing the important scientists the experiments of whom,
helped to grow our understanding of the DNA molecule and learning
about the contributions of Rosalind Franklin. The second day of the unit
starts with students making concept maps of the individual experiments
and then linking them together to show how each experiment adds to the
collective understanding of the DNA molecule. Next, the class reviews how
to read informational texts and I model how to read through primary source
documents by reading the first two paragraphs of the original Watson and
Crick article to the class. The students read the rest of the article and we
discuss as a class. Next, the students are given the building blocks of a DNA
molecule. They must first assemble a single strand of DNA in the correct
order and then create the complementary, antiparallel strand. When the
DNA is complete, students need to label the different parts of the DNA
molecule with the names of the scientists responsible for the discovery. Next,
students complete a short daily formative assessment on the scientists and
the importance of their discoveries in the field of DNA. The students that
23 | ultimate STEM
Edward Kania
demonstrate mastery move on to a reading and questions

about DNA replication and how the structure allows for
replication. Students who do not demonstrate mastery,
create a graphic organizer for the scientists and their
discoveries.
I chose this as my amazing teaching moment because
the lesson allows for students to work with the material
in different ways; the lesson follows the Gradual Release
of Responsibility model in which I demonstrate how
to read critically, we talk about the paper together, they
model together, and then they work on their own. It
also includes a literacy component and it provides the
students with an opportunity to discuss the content
together. I enjoy this lesson so much because I think it
does a good job of hitting many of the different learning
styles. Students hear and see the information on the first
day of the unit, then we read about it together, and then
finally they create models of the DNA.
ultimate STEM | 24
Edward Kania is a 7th and 8th

grade Math/Algebra teacher in
Chicago at James Ward Elementary
School. He is entering his 2nd year
as a Math teacher. Prior to this
assignment, he was a Spanish and
Bilingual Teacher.
A major philosophical belief that I hold is that students be allowed time

to experiment and play around with numbers, shapes, etc. in order to
construct their conceptual understanding. The 7th grade geometry lesson,
Gold Rush, provides such an opportunity. In this lesson, students are
asked to determine the maximum possible area of a rectangle given a
fixed perimeter. Through multiple trials and/or representations and after a
hopefully successful result, they are then asked to validate the statement that
increasing the perimeter by a factor of 2 or 3 or more, will affect the new area
resulting in a proportionally greater area. Essentially, they are answering the
questions, Does doubling the perimeter of a square result in twice the area?
or What is the effect of increasing the perimeter of a square on its area?
Students are then asked to share their approaches and solutions to the
problem in small groups. After determining the best approach, students
then create a group solution and display their solution/explanation on a
poster. Finally, groups are asked to evaluate other students (non-classmates)
solutions to the problem by addressing the misconceptions as well the work
that was done correctly.
25 | ultimate STEM
While this lesson was gratifying for

me and the students in itself, the
subsequent discussions and work
was equally, if not more, rewarding.
The question arose about, what if
there were no limitations on the
number of corners? What would be
the area of a regular pentagon with
the same perimeter? What about a
hexagon? An octagon? What is the
relationship of these new shapes and
the resulting areas?
These conversations and exploration
demonstrated a direct application
of the studied concepts in new
ways. Furthermore, students
using this type of questioning and
mathematical inquiry will benefit
in future lessons, especially those
dealing with shapes, area, and threedimensional objects.

BLISK15!
Gradual Release of Responsibility/Scaffolding: I do, we do, you do together, you do alone
in STEM lessons, ensures students receive support and scaffolding while learning skills and
content.
Accountable Student Talk: Students have opportunities to discuss lesson concepts with each
other; this can prove to be invaluable with clearing up misconceptions and reaffirming student
understandings.
Technology as a Tool: Technologies are tools that aid in concept clarity. There are many levels
of technology; each activity can evolve based on technology accessibility and teacher TPACK
(Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge).
Cross Curricular Opportunities/Literacy: In addition to STEM, lessons include literacy,
writing, and arts components that could be developed in collaboration with other teachers to
reinforce STEMs interdisciplinary nature.
Student Centered Activity: Students feel comfortable in collaborating when analyzing
informational texts. Students feel valued, respected, and part of the group. Students show
ultimate STEM | 26
27 | ultimate STEM
Team BLT w
/
Cheese and
Mayo
Molly Lahart
Molly Lahart has been teaching

high school mathematics for ten
years in Chicago Public Schools.
She is the math department
chairperson at Prosser Career
Academy. Over the past five years,
she has been teaching Algebra to
freshmen in addition to, working
as one of the Freshmen On- Track
coordinators.
This lesson took place on the third day of surface area study. Students
brought in physical examples of spheres. Using their examples, we discussed
how we could unwrap one of these spheres. At this point, I introduced
the concept of an orange as a sphere. By unpeeling the orange we were left
with a pile of peelings and nothing to relate the peel to, conceptually. We then
discussed how surface area relates to the three dimensional shape and what
two dimensional shapes make up a sphere.
Following our orange discussion, students formed small groups and each
small group received an orange. They traced how many great circles they
think they will need to fit the peel of their orange. Groups then peeled their
orange and fitted the peel into the circles. After all the peels had been laid
out, groups were asked to make a guess on the formula. Because all of the
groups should fill four circles with their peel, they were all able to conclude
that the surface area is equal to four times the area of the great circle.
This is a lesson that I utilize each year in Geometry. With such emphasis
based on utilizing new technologies in the classroom, it is such a joy to teach
ultimate STEM | 28
29 | ultimate STEM
a memorable lesson with nothing

more than an orange. One of the
most powerful aspects of this lesson
is the ability to connect with each
type of learner. Kinesthetic learners
are able to peel the orange, visual
learners are able to see the peel filling
the four circles, and auditory learners
are able to listen to the final class
discussion to pick up any material
they may have missed. This lesson
gives students a visual to go with
the memorization of a formula that
otherwise may be easily forgotten.
ultimate STEM | 30
Chris Layton
Chris Layton is a National Board

Certified teacher who has just
finished his ninth year in the
classroom. He teaches middle
school science in an International
Baccalaureate school Chicagos
Little Village community. His goal
is to have his students experience
the wonder of discovering how the
world works.
This lesson gives students experience with the scale of the solar system and
how most models they see misrepresent one aspect of what they represent.
Using familiar objects to correctly represent the relative sizes of the planets
- if the Earth is a peppercorn, Jupiter is a pecan, Neptune is a coffee bean,
and Mercury is the head of a pin, it also correctly shows the relative distances
between the planets. The sun is a balloon inflated to 20 cm (8 inches). To
maximize its visibility, I use an orange or a yellow helium-filled balloon on a
string so it floats about a meter off the ground as the sun. Student groups
are each assigned a planet and given a small placard on a stick that will be
placed at the distance that planet is from the sun using our scale.
We begin our trip by placing the sun in front of the school. Then its time
for the Mercury team to place their planet. I have a 10-meter measuring
rope. The team placing the planet measures out the distance needed. For the
close-in planets, this is easy. When the distances get larger, the measurers are
running, leapfrogging back to front, and counting the full rope lengths as
they go. Time and energy levels determine whether we make it to Pluto - the
total distance is almost half a mile.
31 | ultimate STEM
Thomas Sherlock
At each planet, we look at the sun.

Can we see it? Would it warm our
face if we were facing it? As a
wrap up, we discuss this models
limitations compared to others, e.g.,
will the planets ever be in a line from
the sun?
This lesson is adapted from The

Earth is a Peppercorn activity from
The Universe At Your Fingertips
program by The Astronomical
Society of the Pacific.
Thomas Sherlock plays (facilitates)
in an Engineering Lab designed
for kids in 5th through 8th
grade. He also assists teachers in
integrating technology into their
lessons. Out of school, he spends
his time with his family, tinkering,
making, exploring, and keeping his
television turned off.
ultimate STEM | 32
This past spring, I wanted students to explore video making and using a
video effect called green screen. Green screen is when you record video in
front of a green backdrop, and then cut out the subject and superimpose
it into another video clip. I needed content for the video, so I collaborated
with the social studies teacher. At that time, students were doing research
on prominent Civil Rights leaders and events. I explained my idea, and how
students could create a video where they write a script, choose images or
video content, and present in a similar way that you would see on the nightly
news.
Students had no prior experience with iMovie, so I wanted to create an
example video to use as a model. I modeled the steps, then had students
experiment with the remaining time. I used a Snoop Dogg video I found
on YouTube that had a green backdrop. Next, I downloaded an instrumental
version of his song Drop It Like Its Hot. Lastly, I inserted a video of
elderly people dancing wildly behind Snoop Dogg.
33 | ultimate STEM
Once students began walking in for class, I began the

video. Students heard Snoop Doggs song and became
curious. Shortly after, Snoop Dogg appeared on the
screen dancing in front of the green backdrop. Once
the video of elderly people dancing replaced the green
backdrop, students began to laugh and continued
watching the video. After the video had ended, they were
hooked, asking questions about the video.
I then modeled the process of creating the same
video. Each student had their own iMac and imitated
the process to create the video step by step. With the
remaining time, I gave students time to experiment,
adding audio, locating videos, and replacing green screen
backdrops.
ultimate STEM | 34
35 | ultimate STEM
Leigha Ingham
Leigha has been teaching

chemistry for eight years at
Kenwood Academy High School
in Hyde Park. She majored in
chemistry at Spelman College and
graduated in 2001. After working in
the lab setting for a few years she
obtained her masters degree in
science education from New York
University.
ultimate STEM | 36
This lesson was adapted from Sinking In: Developing a Model for
Understanding Density by Jerrid Kruse and Jesse Wilcox. Many of my
students have misconceptions about density. While most of them know
how to calculate the value of the density of an object, they lack the
conceptual understanding about density. In this lesson students form
groups to investigate Why do objects sink or float? Students begin by
making predictions about the sinkability: of an object based on their prior
knowledge. Students often conclude that objects sink or float due to their
mass. So, to begin, I place two objects in a tub of water. One of the objects is
lighter, but will sink when compared to the object of greater mass. This demo
gets students to realize that volume is also a factor in the sinkability of an
object.
This is when I use probing questions

to get students to understand that
volume and sinkability have an
inverse relationship, while mass
and sinkability have a direct
relationship. Students are then asked
to develop a formula based on this
relationship and that sinkability
is density. The final phase answers
the initial question. Students gather
data on the mass, and volume of
water, and create a line graph on the
initial graph. Students are able to
determine that the objects that float
are below the line while the sinking
objects are above the line. This visual
representation displays that objects
float and sink based on their density
value.
The next phase of the lesson is a student led investigation. Students

bring objects to class and gather data on the objects mass, volume, and
sinkability. Once they gather this data, they share the data with the class
and graph all the data onto a large sheet of paper. The students observe that
the objects that float and the objects that sink are in two different clusters.
37 | ultimate STEM
Bessie Rahman
Jenner Academy teacher, Bessie

Rahman, teaches math and Algebra
to 6th, 7th, and 8th graders in
Cabrini Green where sixty percent
of students entering her class score
below the 25th percentile. Ms.
Rahman, a Chicago Public School
graduate, teaches passionately.
Bessie knows that students want
to learn and she works diligently to
include every child.
ultimate STEM | 38
This ultimate lesson teaches math, to 6th and 7th graders through a fun,
enjoyable mode. I chose this as my ultimate lesson because of the number
of students who left class laughing and comparing notes on the size of
their circles. As a preface to this lesson, we spent two class periods learning
relevant vocabulary: radius, circumference, diameter, and pi. We also learned
the relationship of these words to one another. I heard repeatedly after the
conclusion of the ultimate lesson activity, This was fun, I like math now,
Ms. Rahman, and Can we do this again tomorrow?
It is my goal every day to bring math to life for my students. I know that Ive
had a good day when my students can explain to someone else exactly what
theyve learned to do. It is important for my students to have a connection to
what they are learning, and I will use any means necessary.
My primary objective for this lesson was for students to develop an
understanding of pi and the relationship between the diameter/radius and
the circumference of a circle. I was hoping that by the end of the lesson, they
would be able to define pi, find the circumference when given a diameter or
39 | ultimate STEM
radius, and find the diameter/radius when given the circumference.

For this lesson, students used bubble solution, string, ruler, pencil, and paper. Given a container of bubble solution,
students poured a small amount of the mixture onto their respective desks and used a straw to blow a bubble. When
the bubble popped, it left an imprint of a circle on the desk. Students measured the diameter of the circle with a ruler,
and used string to measure the circumference. Students used an approximation for pi or 3.14 to compare the diameter
to the circumference and continued to blow different-sized bubbles and record their measurements.
The best part of this lesson is that there was an access point for EVERY student. The students learned math by doing
math, and it was easy for them to remember now that the circumference is about 3 times the measure of the diameter.
ultimate STEM | 40
41 | ultimate STEM

BLT W/CHEESE AND MAYO
Student Directed: Activities where students are responsible for collaborating to accomplish a
goal. Students have choice in how to obtain the goal and allocating responsibilities.
Targeting the Individual Student: Lessons recognize that students have different ways of
learning concepts and provides multiple modalities and cognitive levels to meet students needs.
Experience Linked to Concepts: Lessons that provide authentic experiences that allow students
to make personal connections to the ideas and concepts being studied, moving from knowledge
to understanding.
Active Engagement: Lessons provide tangible experiences that require students to actively
participate in their own learning. These experiences bridge the gap between knowledge and
understanding.
Broad Utility: Activities that are easily extendable, adaptable, and accessible across different
disciplines and grade levels providing entry points for all students regardless of ability or
experience.
ultimate STEM | 42
43 | ultimate STEM
William R. Brown
TEAM C5
ultimate STEM | 44
William R. Brown has seven years

of experience teaching high school
mathematics at Chicago High
School for Agricultural Sciences.
He is interested in bringing
mathematics alive by connecting it
to the world in which students live.
He is also interested in components
of flipped learning.
One of the most powerful lessons I have taught was conducted in a freshmen
Algebra-1 class while introducing the class to the concept of slope. I began
this lesson by asking students to take on the career of a building inspector.
As a building inspector they were going to inspect three different staircases
within the school building to determine if the slope of the stairs were within
building code. Prior to conducting the activity, students researched building
codes regarding stairs. They returned to class with this new information ready
to conduct the physical part of the activity.
Students worked in groups of three to four and each group measured three
staircases. After several failed trials of attempting to measure each staircase
as a whole, students realized that they should measure a select stair in the
middle of each case. Students measured the rise and tread of one stair from
each of the three staircases they were given. They calculated the slope of the
stairwell by determining the ratio of rise to tread and compared this ratio to
the building codes they researched.
45 | ultimate STEM
As a final component, each group

of students had to create a report
of their findings. The report had
to include a diagram of each
measurement, calculations of the
slope of each staircase, and their
determination of whether the stairs
were within code. Groups were
also asked to answer the following
questions: What is the purpose of
building codes? What would happen
if a staircase did not meet building
codes? What specifically would
cause the stairs to not be within
code?
This lesson brought students to a
deeper understanding of what slope
actually represents and students were
able to give me a more conceptual
definition that slope is a ratio that
represents the steepness of a line.
ultimate STEM | 46
Kendra L. Mallory
Kendra is a Chicago State

University graduate, with her initial
career starting as a cosmetic and
forensic chemist. Her love for
learning led to her second career at
Chicago Public Schools. Currently
Kendra serves as a middle school
science teacher leader and mentor
in Chicagos Humboldt Park. Her
passion is to mentor and encourage
middle school girls to pursue STEM
careers
Educators can all agree that students have varied similarities and differences.
Upon recognizing this difference of diverse levels of expertise and
experiences within the classroom, educators must offer a variety of choices
for students to demonstrate their knowledge of a concept. Incorporating
stop motion videos as a technology tool for learning is ideal with the
advances in technology.
My Ultimate STEM lesson encompasses students having the option to use
stop motion animation to demonstrate the scientific process or to explain a
scientific model at the end of school year. This lesson was adapted from the
National Film Board of Canadas Stop Motion Animation Workshop. Each
group of 3-4 students was challenged to teach their favorite concept of the
year. Students were provided with an iPad, variety of toys, clay, magnetic
letters, marker board, dry erase markers, and their interactive science journal
to use as a collaborative tool for content review. I then challenged them to
include opening credits, a storyboard, a set, and ending credits.
The creation of a stop motion video was intensely challenging for the
students. This project was awesome because it was multi-tiered and allowed
47 | ultimate STEM
students to express their creativity artistically and through

written expressions. As the students worked through
creating the video, many of them were frustrated
because they had to think outside the box. My new
insights about this process is that my students needed
more experience with applying scientific knowledge.
As they search through the content that they learned,
many of the students had plenty notes but never found
the information useful after chapter assessments. This
was a great experience of real-world applications being
used in story creation. It wasnt a quick assessment.
Instead, it was more meaningful than any assessment I
had ever given to students. It also gave the students a
piece of work that they felt proud to share. Never have
I had students pushing to complete an assignment. They
were eager to create more stop motion videos. The
ultimate goal of this experience was to increase student
engagement using media to blend a science lesson into
both an engineering and technology lesson.
Reference: National Film Board of Canadas Stop
Motion Animation Workshop https://www.nfb.ca/playlist/
stopmostudio/
ultimate STEM | 48
49 | ultimate STEM
Kyle Radcliff
A beehive of activity, perseverance aplenty, and a concrete model of
understanding being produced, these are all part of this project focused on
deepening an understanding of the equal sign. During the project, students
collaboratively build a mobile using a dowel rod and recycled materials.
Kyle Radcliff is a 6th grade teacher

in Chicago Public Schools. He has
been teaching for 15 years and has
Masters degrees in Curriculum
and Instruction and in Middle
School Math. For the past 7 years,
Kyle has been working to deepen
students learning experiences by
creating an environment steeped
in relevant and engaging work. His
newest adventure is bringing STEM
instruction into the classroom.
ultimate STEM | 50
The process is thoroughly engaging, and the materials are readily available.
Through the process, they work with concepts in measuring, balance,
equality, number sense, and equations. It lies at the perfect intersection of
math, science, and engineering. The mobile is a concrete representation for
the function of the equal sign in math, fulcrums in science, and design in
engineering. It makes students confront the misconception that one side
of the equation makes the other side, as opposed to the being equal. It
also raises awareness of our need to recycle materials because of the sheer
number of items that are brought in by the students over just a few days.
51 | ultimate STEM
Aurora Tyagi
This lesson is an introduction to torque. The balancing demonstration is
used to gain a concrete understanding of how balancing observations lead to
mathematical models, for use to solve problems in different scenarios.
Aurora has been a math and

science teacher for 13 years at
Brooks College Prep high school,
teaching chemistry, physics, and
mathematics. She graduated with
B.S. in Civil Engineering (1981)
from Philippines, M.A. in Education
(2001) from Saint Xavier University,
Chicago, and Master of Chemistry
Education (2011) from Illinois State
University. She is a lifelong learner
who is curious and passionate.
ultimate STEM | 52
I started the lesson by asking a question, Do you remember a fun seesaw

ride with your friend?
While a majority of the students recalled their happy memories, I
demonstrated using a set up consisting of a meter stick, cork, and pennies, on
the table. Today, you will search for balance, I stated. I asked the students
to observe when the meter sticks were not balanced, and when they were. I
then noted their range of responses on the board.
To steer the discussion to the lesson at hand, I guided the students by asking,
Anything we can measure here? From the length of the stick to the weight
of the pennies, students started to churn all sorts of responses. We recalled a
prior mass vs. weight lesson, upon which we established the pivot point, and
observed twisting or rotating describing a torque, to then define torque as
force time distance perpendicular to the direction of the force. One student
53 | ultimate STEM
repeated, The lever arm was that distance from the

pivot, and weight is a force. The discussion was starting
to get through to them.
The students then worked in groups to balance the
pennies from at least five different distances from the
pivot. During this exploration, as a student playfully
balanced the penny away from the pivot, I asked if
there was a force in the penny. She replied, I believe
it has weight, but not force, I did not push it! All of
us laughed! I said, When you dropped the penny on
the floor, what was happening? She replied, Oh the
gravity thingy attraction toward the Earth. I explained
that it is a force, due to gravity exerted on the object by
the Earth, and exactly the same as weight. We used the
mathematical model W=mg and F=mg (falling vertically).
a consistent pattern using their data table. I said, What

does your data say?
My students completed the whiteboard and reported it
with the data table, description of patterns observed, a
general statement describing the result, and translation
of word into mathematical model. A quick question
and answer time was given to each group presenter.
The lesson ended with an exit question, which asked to
estimate the mass of the meter stick using only a single
penny, meter stick, and the cork. This was a way to test
the students understanding from the lesson.
And when every group had moved the pennies away and
near the pivot, I riddled the entire class with questions
on force, torque, and distance from the pivot and their
relationship. Then I asked them to finish collecting data
and organize it using data table, with four columns, with
a heading #Penny, and distances from the pivot from
the left and right sides. I guided the students to look for
ultimate STEM | 54
55 | ultimate STEM
Jeanettra Watkins
Jeanettra Watkins is a veteran

teacher for Chicago Public Schools,
District 299. She has served in
several capacities both in and
out of the classroom. Jeanettra
is the South Regional Science
Fair Coordinator and for over
50 schools. She has also written
Curriculum frameworks as well as
district assessments during her
career with CPS. As an educator
her passion is continuing the
education process as a life-long
learner. She also enjoys traveling
abroad and shopping.
ultimate STEM | 56
Brown Paper Bag Stem Challenge

This activity was chosen to fulfill the NGSS Standards while simultaneously
introducing STEM in the classroom. The purpose of this activity was to
motivate students to become more engaged in the classroom. Students
often times feel bored and when they are bored then I am bored. I want
my students to become self-sufficient and dependent upon one another
while I act solely as the facilitator. I also wanted to build relationships while
simultaneously increasing critical thinking skills. The wonderful thing about
this lesson was although it didnt begin as I expected it was still phenomenal.
The students actually had fun through scientific inquiry while applying the
technological design process.
Preparation for the activity is minimal and can easily be done right before
class starts. In order to implement the lesson I divided students into groups
of 4 students. You may tweak the sizes of the groups to accommodate your
classroom. Students curiosity was instantaneously drawn to the brown paper
bags. They wanted to know what was in the bags and what purpose did
they serve. I told the students that we were going to have a little challenge
57 | ultimate STEM
to stimulate their minds. I then told them they would have 20 minutes
to build the tallest structure possible using only the materials in the bag.
They could manipulate the materials in any way they choose. For example,
break spaghetti or tear apart pieces of tape. The only requirement was the
entire marshmallow had to be on top of the structure. Then the students
determined the rules for measuring and choosing which structure was the
tallest.

C5
Students were totally engaged and really enjoyed the lesson. As a matter of
fact it became a competition. The students began yelling at other students
who werent in their group. Some of their responses were Dont Look at
ours, You are cheating. They also became critical of their own team
members, Hey dont use too much tape. Be careful with the spaghetti
so it doesnt break, needless to say I was very pleased. The materials are
common everyday consumables that I am certain you have lying around the
house. You will need standard sandwich brown paper bags, one marshmallow,
spaghetti, yard of tape, and a yard of string.
Student Directed: Safe classroom culture: Each lesson is dependent on students feeling
confident that they can explore their ideas, make them public, and be supported in their efforts.
Following the activity students reviewed their data and utilized the
engineering design process in order to evaluate their structures and redesign
them. The next day students came in class with new plans and redesigned
their structures..
(Lesson adapted from Starfish Education)
ultimate STEM | 58
Simplistic: The lesson is easily set up and conducted in the classroom. Lessons also take familiar,
readily available items, and repurposes them to achieve educational goals.
Students explore through collaborative Inquiry-based learning: Each lesson allows students
to deepen their understanding while participating in constructing their own knowledge through
collaborative hands-on activities.
Relevant, real-world centered (careers, cross curricular): These lessons are applicable to
everyday life and are pertinent for effective relational teaching. Therefore, the lessons empower
and prepare students to be globally competitive.
Shift from concrete to abstract ideas: Children learn concrete concepts by interacting with their
environment. Through hands-on activities, students can connect their environment to abstract
ideas in the content.
59 | ultimate STEM
Joanna Calandriello
Team
C
o
smic
Clou
ds
ultimate STEM | 60
Joanna has been teaching middle

school mathematics and science at
Mildred L. Lavizzo School for five
years. During this time Joannas
classes have been bridging science
and math concepts through the
Solar Power Up, Robotics, and
other STEM projects.
The Solar Power-up project is an engineering and technology project focused

on designing and building model solar-powered cars. The 8th grade students
at Mildred L. Lavizzo School participate as teams in building their own solarpowered cars which are ultimately tested in the Solar Grand Prix. Each team
completes lessons on acceleration, friction, drag, wheel alignment, and solar
energy. Each lesson has its own hands-on component to promote student
understanding of each concept. Students are then given materials and guided
through the various phases of car design and construction.
My ultimate teaching moment occurred during the pre-construction lessons,
when students began to disengage and even though the lessons included
hands-on activities, students did not seem to be highly interested. Feeling
perplexed I asked several teams how they were feeling about the project. The
unanimous response was we just want to get into building our cars.
The student response was enough for me. I immediately began designing a
way to get the materials out and let them start tinkering. I started with the
motors. The motors took precision and detail to build. The students began
61 | ultimate STEM
Albert Lang
working diligently and some groups were experiencing

problems which required they come to me for help.
Next I gave a brief explanation of the materials and
each group received a copy of the Solar Power-up design
specifications. Again, students began tinkering and when
they ran into issues would seek help from me and other
students. It was apparent to me that allowing the students
to investigate and learn on their own made a huge impact
on the total classroom learning environment. Of course,
there were still lessons that we had to go through but
now student enthusiasm and engagement resonated an
exciting classroom environment.
Listening to student responses and utilizing some
backward design allowed me to teach the lessons, while
getting the students involved in design and construction
early in the process. This change has achieved
enthusiasm, engagement, and understanding from the
beginning of the project to the end. Communication and
change can be very liberating.
ultimate STEM | 62
Al Lang is a science teacher based

at Chicagos George B. Armstrong
School. For the past twelve years
he has been helping students
understand the importance of
science and their relationship to
the world. Hes also helping create
science literacy by engaging
students in science. Al is rather tall,
and blogs at http://travelking54.
weebly.com.
I make sure to train my students to make me look good in front of outsiders

from day one. From this practice, came the central idea of my Ultimate
STEM lesson. My drive to keep my rating as high as possible, driven in
part by ego, and in part by fear has made me reflective of my practice. In
my search for higher ratings (not unlike reality TV), I analyzed what would
meet the checklist criteria, and then planned my lesson accordingly. I work
with students who live in a world where science is just a subject. They fail to
connect this subject to their daily life, or develop a strong relationship with
science.
I chose a lesson structure I had used before and modified it to meet my
needs. The original lesson was a Socratic Circle, where students have an
opportunity to develop learning through active questioning. I modified
the practice for the sake of expediency. Also, I had some specific ideas
about the background necessary for student success, as well as goals for
increasing student learning. To develop background, I chose a section of their
Chemistry text, and had my students develop questions about this section,
chemical bonds. Although understanding chemical bonding can be a simple,
63 | ultimate STEM
students often struggle mastering

this concept. It is my opinion that
good question writers are good
at answering questions, so we
devote time to writing and revising
questions. The students tend to
write much more complex and
deeper questions to try to one-up
each other.
Finally, I draw random students
for the panel of experts. Usually a
fourth of the class is the panel, and
the remaining students ask questions.
I do this process often enough, so
the students learn to self-manage,
allowing me to facilitate and mediate.
This lesson created an awesome level
of student engagement, and offered
me an opportunity to dialog and
come to their own understanding of
the topic.
ultimate STEM | 64
65 | ultimate STEM
Stephen Tow
photo
Steve is a technology teacher/
coordinator at Goudy Technology
Academy. He has been teaching
for eleven years and is passionate
about technology and the
importance of applying realworld application to his students
learning. In his free time, Steve
enjoys tinkering with technology
and spending time with his wife
and two daughters.
ultimate STEM | 66
From Coordinate Planes to Programming

My amazing teaching moment took place over four, 60 minute class periods
with fifth grade. For the past few weeks, students embarked on a journey
through computer programming. In math class, the students were learning
the Cartesian Coordinate Plane. Prior to this lesson, the students discussed
the components of their favorite video games and discovered that they can
be reduced to a series of coordinates. Students were reminded that computer
programming is essentially following a set of directions. In class, they were
introduced to Tynker programming (tynker.com), and had completed the
lessons on how to create an actor, scene, and the workspace environment.
At the beginning of the class, we reviewed number lines and the difference
between a horizontal and vertical number. Students were asked to provide
real-world applications of both vertical and horizontal number lines. As a
class, we reviewed the coordinates in Cartesian space and how computers use
numbers to represent a characters position on screen. We used number lines
as rulers to measure the distance.
67 | ultimate STEM
Delora Washington
Prior to this lesson, I had created puzzles on the floor of the room with starting and ending points of a video game.
Students were then given specific words they could use to guide Mario (from the starting point) to the star (ending
point). We then related the movement to the coordinate plane. Students completed a partner worksheet about
identifying different points on a coordinate plane.
After this activity, students opened up Tynker and worked on making an actor of a game jump up and down and
move left and right. Students applied their prior knowledge of the coordinate plane to animate the actor on the
screen. Students then shared their coding blocks with the class to explain how they accomplished the lesson.
ultimate STEM | 68
Delora Washington teaches at

Corliss Early College STEM High
School on Chicagos south side.
She has been teaching math and/or
French for about 16 years. She has
served as a Math Department Chair
for several years.
In class the first day, students completed an activity where they started with
an equilateral triangle and by connecting the midpoints of the three sides
of the triangle, they created a similar triangle with 4 smaller triangles inside
the big one, 3 upwards facing and one downward facing. They continued
this recursive pattern for 2 more levels, then analyzed the similarities and
differences between the different stages of the process. They ultimately
created Sierpienski triangles using this method. The lesson hoped to extend
these fractal triangles to area and fractions by finding out what fraction of
the area of the original triangle was occupied by one upward facing smallest
triangle at each stage. My students did not make the connection, so, I created
an assignment to help create a bridge between the book and what my
students understood and needed to learn.
Amazing Teaching Moment: At the next class session, I started by giving
the students dot paper to recreate the 1st three stages of the triangle, count
the total number of small triangles that would fit in each stage, then they
shaded in one of the new triangles and wrote a fraction to represent the
area occupied by the small triangle at each stage, stage 1, stage 2, and stage
69 | ultimate STEM
3. Next, they worked in groups to determine the area of

one of the smallest triangles at each stage and if the area
of the beginning triangle was changed along with finding
the area of several triangles at the same stage. The lesson
then extended into solving word problems like the one
that follows: If the Stage 0 figure has an area of 8, what
is the combined area of one of the smallest upwardpointing triangles at Stage 1, plus two of the smallest
upward-pointing triangles at Stage 2, minus three smallest
upward-pointing triangles at stage 3?
the fraction calculations by hand, in your head, or with

a calculator to find the final solution. They even related
everything to the triangle activity that we had completed
the prior day and showed them what we were talking
about in the assignment. When we got to the end of the
week assessment, a brief reminder was all they needed
to get them ready for the assessment. They retained their
knowledge and went on to continue building on it.
It was amazing to see my students working through the

process and then tackling the complicated word problems
in the class assignment without giving up. I knew that
they were building their bridges of understanding when
they started correcting each others errors and catching
the late students up on what they had missed. Those
that complained or missed the activity were told by other
students that it looks hard, but it is actually pretty easy.
They told their absent classmates that all you have to do
is create a fraction using the given number of triangles
for that stage divided by the total number of triangles in
that stage times the original area, then add (or subtract)
that with the calculation for the next stage of the triangle
until you get to the end of the problem. After that, work
ultimate STEM | 70
71 | ultimate STEM
Lucy Young
a match on a matchbox. The resulting products are

tetraphosphorus decaoxide and potassium chloride. All
substances are solid. So, students translate these words
into the balanced formula equation:
10 KClO3 (s) + 3 P4 (s) 3 P4O10 (s) + 10 KCl (s)
Lucy Young is a chemistry teacher

at Lane Tech College Prep High
School in Chicago, IL. She just
completed her 8th year of teaching.
Prior to becoming a teacher, Lucy
worked in various medical research
labs. Her teaching toolbox is full of
hands-on and analytical lessons.
ultimate STEM | 72
Stoichiometry is used in chemistry to make meaningful relationships with the

amounts of substances in a balanced chemical reaction. Stoichio means
elements, metry means measurement. Using stoichiometry is like following
an exact recipe. The chemical reaction must be balanced, using coefficients.
These coefficients allow for us to show the relationship between substances
using the mole ratio. The mole is a unit of measurement in chemistry. The
unit on stoichiometry begins with students creating a flip chart. This flip
chart allows students to move through the process of solving stoichiometry
problems. Students are given a problem set that allows them to practice
stoichiometry problem solving.
From there, they were to create four problems based

upon their flip charts, but the four problems had to be
related in a story. Students needed draw out the chemical
reaction taking place, using color. Each group member
was responsible for some part, either the story, drawing,
coloring, calculations, significant figures, or units. From
this, students created amazing Stoichiometry Stories,
showcasing their creative and technical talents.
An extension of this lesson is for the students to create Stoichiometry

Stories. In this activity, student worked in groups of 3 or 4 of their
choosing. Students were given chemical reactions that were a little more
elaborate than the ones we have worked with. Students were asked to
translate the word equation to the formula equation and then balance the
equation. For example, one student group was given the reaction between
potassium chlorate and red phosphorus which takes place when you strike
73 | ultimate STEM

COSMIC CLOUDS
Bridge between textbook and student learning: Teacher is the coach/facilitator who bridges
between the textbook and student learning (hands-on activities, discussions, etc.) to provide
opportunities for student-driven learning and open-ended thinking. Taking the teaching out
of teaching opens the door for students to guide their own learning, and take the lesson in a
direction that best serves the class needs.
Empowering students to take ownership of their learning: Students learn best when they
have confidence to explore or expand upon their learning. As teachers, this is when we see the
most wow moments.
Real-world applications and/or open-ended assignments that give room for more student
creativity: Its important to motivate learners to think about how they can apply what they are
learning and give students choices in meeting the learning objectives.
All lessons used tools and/or technology outside the textbook to increase student
engagement and understanding: I never teach my pupils. I only attempt to provide the
conditions in which they can learn - Albert Einstein
Thinking outside and inside our toolbox: Lessons involved teachers stepping outside
their comfort zone and giving up control to incorporate various forms of expression and
understanding into their lessons.
ultimate STEM | 74
75 | ultimate STEM
Karoline Sharp
Team Heike Crabs
Karoline is a CPS middle-school

science teacher who thrives to
reach all students and make
learning an enjoyable experience.
She enjoys teaching science
because she considers the world
we live in is over-flowing with a
wealth of knowledge; knowledge
in the way things move, interact,
change, and thrive.
The focus of the lesson was to have students observe the effects of
potential and kinetic energy with an emphasis on the reiterative process in
the engineering process. Students worked in teams of 2-3 people and were
allowed to use whatever they wanted, with the exception of commercial kits,
to create their coaster. The roller coaster was to be designed to cause a marble
to travel through a path with at least one loop, one turn, and one hill. At the
end of the path the marble had to jump into a cup. All students would be
given the same type of marble, however, the materials to create their coaster
could be different. Students first drew pictures (blueprint) of what their
coaster would look like and used it as a plan to create their coaster. Once the
coaster was created, they were to draw/sketch the actual coaster, label where
the potential and kinetic energy were least and greatest in their model, give
the maximum distance their marble jumped into the cup, make a video of
their coaster in action to inform their analysis and provide a one page analysis
of their experience.
Most students enjoyed the roller coaster challenge, one student stated, This
year in 8th grade we really focused on energy and energy transformations
ultimate STEM | 76
77 | ultimate STEM
which required us to work like engineers. I experienced

a lot of things that may seem difficult at first, but then
turned out to be easy and fun.
Though I had focused on potential and kinetic energy
and the reiterative process in engineering, many other
methods could have been incorporated to create this
ultimate STEM lesson, such as: measuring the length of
track the marble traveled; calculating the marbles average
speed by conducting trials incorporating SimCity or
Roller Coaster Tycoon simulations.
ultimate STEM | 78
79 | ultimate STEM
Tim Nuttle
This lesson relates to the Mean Value Theorem, and it was implemented over
the course of one class period, in my AP Calculus class.
Students had already been instructed to record data from a trip in the car with
someone. The data consisted of:
Tim Nuttle worked as a copywriter
in an advertising agency before
enthusiastically jumping to his
current career as a high school
math teacher. He is National Board
Certified Teacher and teaches AP
Calculus and Precalculus to a group
of wonderful students on the north
side of Chicago, where he also lives
with his wife and daughter.
ultimate STEM | 80
The starting value on the odometer

The ending value on the odometer
The speed limit(s) on the road(s) traveled
The odometer reading of the car every 30 seconds for 10 minutes
(20 points of data)
The velocity of the car every 30 seconds (which we will not use here)
We had already graphed and investigated the average rate of change between
two points many times. We also found a best fit curve (regression) for the
data and had an approximate equation for the data. We also had learned how
to find the derivative at a point and use our calculators to find derivatives at
points. Finally, the students had just learned the mean value theorem, which
states that the derivative of the continuous function at

some point must equal the average rate of change of the
function.
Students worked in groups of four and chose the best set
of data they had. Then they exchanged data sets, graphs
of the data, and the best-fit function with another group.
Once all of this was exchanged, the goal of each group
was to determine whether the car (based on the data
provided) was speeding.
The students were to use the Mean Value Theorem, to
figure out if the car was speeding or not. They need
to find the average rate of change (the average speed)
which must equal the derivative of the cars position (the
velocity, at a certain time). If the average speed is over
the speed limit, the car must have been speeding.
This may seem difficult to some students, since they
are not explicitly told to use the Mean Value Theorem
to find their answer, and therefore they must relate the
problem at hand to the application of the theorem.
This application of the theorem allows students to
demonstrate their understanding in a real world context.
81 | ultimate STEM
Melanie Yau
Melanie Yau has been teaching

Chemistry at King College Prep HS
in Chicago, IL for 5 years. In 2014,
she became a National Certified
Teacher in Adolescence and Young
Adulthood Science. Outside of the
classroom, Melanie likes to find
money on the ground, do hot yoga,
read, and take naps.
ultimate STEM | 82
Students worked in groups of four to design an investigation to test the effect

of a variable on the final temperature of water when heated. This is one of
the first lab activities and many of my students had not designed their own
investigation previously, so I scaffolded the lab design by asking questions
about what variables are changing (independent and dependent) and what
should be controlled. I supported students throughout the design process by
focusing their attention on how to vary and keep certain variables constant
and giving them guidance on instrument choice and use. Although I did
not specifically introduce students to the specific heat equation and energy
transfer, my students were able to design an investigation based on their prior
experience of heating water.
Next, the groups carried out their investigation and analyzed the data. I asked
students to think about why their finding was significant. For example, one
group tested the effect of adding salt to water on the final temperature of the
salt water sample. When compared to the control (no salt), they concluded
that salt increased the final temperature of water by ~2 degrees Celsius
when the samples were heated for the same time on the same hot plate. One
student in the group recognized the

connection to adding salt to water
when making pasta. I pushed this
students thinking further by asking
if a 2 degree difference would make
a significant difference in cooking
time of pasta. After giving the
student think time, I proceeded to
ask the student why add salt to the
pasta water. The student concluded
that adding salt may not speed up the
cooking process, but can add flavor
to the pasta.
This particular lesson showed an
amazing teaching moment because I
was able to build upon my students
prior experiences with heating water
to design an experiment and to
connect the results with a real world
application.
83 | ultimate STEM
Katleya Healy
Katleya Healy is at Salazar in the

Chicago Public Schools. She is
from Colombia where she taught
Philosophy, Religion and Hispanic
literature . Katleya enjoys
swimming, playing guitar, crafts,
collecting coins, and writing
poetry. In spite of her English
challenges, Katleya has two
masters degrees, National Board
Certification, and a strong desire
to help her students learn.
ultimate STEM | 84
My students are 5th grade diverse learners who have various learning
disabilities. Among them are: visual perceptual deficits, difficulty
remembering math facts, left-to-right sequencing, and have trouble reading.
Identifying part of a whole implies scaffolding from concrete to abstract
stages. I started with a brief conversation about their favorite food. I
presented a dialogue where two brothers wanted to share an orange but they
didnt know how to do it? I showed the orange to them and had them discuss
with a partner. They came with the idea to cut it in half or two parts. I had
three more oranges and cut them in two parts but not exactly by the middle
and asked them again if it was fair. They concluded that the parts have to be
equal. I asked them if when they were sharing their orange, were they eating
the whole orange or a part? I told them that is what we call a fraction of
the whole orange. Then I gave them chocolate bars and asked, how many
parts do you have to give to your brother to share that chocolate bar? They
worked with three different chocolate bars divided into different parts and
explored how to share them with two, three, and four people. The students
discussed their answers and drew how they divided their chocolate bars on
their papers. Students worked these activities in stations. One group worked
85 | ultimate STEM
with print-made games while other groups worked with matching fractions and others with school objects. Later, they
were given a problem using multi-colored goldfish crackers where they had to find out the fraction for each color they
had. Students had a hand -out where they recorded and tallied their answers in an organized way. At the end, they got
to eat crackers from a different bag!
This lesson strategy was powerful because even if my students had experienced disappointment with math concepts
before, they were able to happily grasp the concept of a fraction at a concrete level. By exploring with manipulative,
my students made conclusions about dividing into equal parts, and what that represents as related to the whole.
By being able to generalize and draw models of fractions they saw, my students were capable of transferring their
knowledge to solve problems at a different level. Using different real-life problems such as sharing food with their
friends made them aware of the use of fractions to make fair decisions when they encounter these situations. It was
awesome because they discovered that eating 2/4 of the chocolate bar is more than eating 2/8 of the chocolate bar
and eating 2/4 is the same as eating 1/2 of the chocolate bar. End of the discussion of the reason why one has more
chocolate than another!
ultimate STEM | 86
87 | ultimate STEM
Juven Macias
Juven Macias is a teacher

working and living in Chicago,
Illinois. His specialty is technology
education; he spent many
years working in Information
Technology before turning to
public education. His personal
interests include riding a bike
anywhere he can, any chance he
gets as well as spending time
with family.
ultimate STEM | 88
This moment took place with 3rd grade over a period of five 60-minute
classes. We were finishing up a unit on digital literacy, and the final lesson,
using keywords for research turned out to be the first time most students
had considered using something like Google as a formal search tool. After
some explanation about leaving out words that are inconsequential for online
searching, such as if/and/the, students were given a person, place, or thing to
search for online, with the only limitation being you could not use the name
of the actual thing you were looking for (for example, a search for elephants
could not use the actual term elephant.
about finding their homes online,

and many were squealing with
delight in this process.
Students took this a step further by
exploring their neighborhood and
navigating to school. By now, this
exploration had taken on a life of
its own as students began exploring
national landmarks, touring the
White House, and so forth. It was
satisfying to see lights come on
for students, as they began coming
to terms with the power at their
fingertips in the form of online
search engines.
This lesson began with first practicing generating good keywords on dry erase
boards, before finally moving to the computer to test out their lists. On day
two, the lesson took an unexpected turn when I had quipped to a student that
I would find his house on the Internet. The class asked that I follow through
with this, so I complied. This excited the class very much and students were
sent home with the task of coming back in with their home addresses to
search. The next day, I explained the basic mechanics of Streetview and we
discussed the actual vehicles that capture this imagery. After this, students set
89 | ultimate STEM

HEIKE CRABS
Real world application: Real world application is a vital component of any lesson because it
takes abstract topics out of a textbook and gives them more tangible value.
Hands-on exploration: By allowing students to manipulate, explore, and have sensorial
experiences, they can use their own skills and background to build and create understanding.
This freedom allow Flexible student-driven: Students decide how to achieve the goal of
the lesson. Enabling them to use their individual strengths and prior knowledge to develop
understanding.
Collaborative discourse: Students are able to rely on and augment the learning of their group
members, and pool their collective mental resources to better address problems.
Cross-content integration: Allows students to see how different disciplines relate to one
another. Knowledge from one content area can help enhance and inform another discipline.
ultimate STEM | 90
91 | ultimate STEM
Kevin Connolly
g
n
i
m
m
a
J
M
A
E
T
s
r
e
h
Teac
ultimate STEM | 92
This lesson is powerful because it introduces students to variables,

relationships and the creativity of experimental design inherent in nature.
Kevin is the son of Irish

immigrants. He has four siblings
and was schooled by brothers,
nuns, and a marching band
director with a bullhorn. Then to
college, volunteer work overseas,
carpentry and a few misfires at
adulthood. He found his way to
love, marriage, teaching, kids,
and a minivan. Kevin currently
teaches biology at Kennedy High
School in Chicago.
I start by taking the class to the park adjacent to the school. Students are
grouped in mixed ability teams of four. Materials are, a clipboard and a
graphic organizer for each group. Once outside, I begin by explaining that,
nature is full of measurable stuff and practically infinite variables exist in
the park. I give the example of light - there are brighter areas and shadier
areas in the park. I explain that this can be measured in units called lumens.
I emphasize that its okay if they dont know the name of the units, they just
need to look for things that could be measured. Groups then wander the
park to identify five variables and propose how they could be measured. I
emphasize that they must use all of their senses and be creative.
After about 10-15 minutes, I bring the class back together for the second
part of the activity -- looking for relationships between variables. I give one
example: that brighter areas will have more varieties of plants than shadier
areas. For review, I ask students to identify the two variables in my example
93 | ultimate STEM
and how they might be measured. Groups then work

to come up with three possible relationships between
variables in the park.
After 10 minutes, I call them back for the final part
of the lesson -- experimental design. Now groups
choose one of their relationships and then give a brief
description of how they could conduct an experiment
to test that relationship. For example, I go back to
my previous ideas of light levels and plant diversity
and explain how brighter and shadier areas could be
identified in the park, and, using a one meter quadrant
square, test for the numbers of different species. Again,
I emphasize how this is a creative process and that they
need to consider what will need to be measured about
both variables. Groups work independently before
reconvening and sharing out.
ultimate STEM | 94
95 | ultimate STEM
James Edstrom
Tools used: a meter stick, a stopwatch, a set of keys, and 2 meters of light
weight string (dental floss works well).
These are the only supplies your students need to find an experimental value
for g, acceleration due to gravity.
James Edstrom teaches
mathematics and serves as
department chair at Von Steuben
Metropolitan Science Center
in Chicago. He majored in
mathematics and minored in
physics at North Park University
and has an MST degree from the
University of Illinois (Chicago
campus). He and his wife have
three children, a cat, and a dog.
I first did this activity when I was teaching physics at Fenwick High School
but now I use it with Advanced Algebra students (many of whom are taking
physics).
First, students make a simple pendulum by tying a length of string to a set of
keys. Using a stopwatch, the students find the period (the time for one back
and forth motion) for pendulums starting at 0.20 m and increasing to a final
length of 2 meters with increments of 0.20 m.
Finally, squaring both sides of

the equation for the period of a
pendulum, students can isolate the
factor which is equal to the slope
of the line of best fit of the second
graph. By setting these equal to
one another, one can calculate an
experimental value for g. Once this
is accomplished, I have my students
compare their experimental value to
the actual value.
Students like this activity because
with just a few supplies and a very
simple procedure, they can come up
with a VERY good approximation
for g. I often give students extra
credit if their experimental value is
within 5% of the actual value.
Second, the students make two graphs: length vs. period and length vs.
period. The first graph looks like a square root function, the second is linear.
ultimate STEM | 96
97 | ultimate STEM
Marianna Jennings
Marianna Jennings is Chicago

Public School high school
math teacher with National
Board Certification in AYA
math. Marianna holds two
Masters degrees, one in Human
Development and Learning
and another in Curriculum and
Instruction. Marianna is also a
CPS Framework Specialist and
has been teaching for 28 years.
Trading Places: Exponential Equality

This lesson transformed direct instruction into one that allowed the
student to take ownership of their learning and through conversation and
collaboration explored a concept. I deliberately placed students into groups
which were comprised of varied learners. They are introduced to a concept
that they are attempting to discover. In this case, the concept was exponential
equality. I then carefully chose problems that are scaffolded. The students
worked in groups on the problems (one problem at a time).
Students wrote down their insights and generalizations about how they
progressed from equation to equation. Students then shared with their small
ultimate STEM | 98
99 | ultimate STEM
group and then in a large group discussion. The goal was

for students to be working toward the understanding that
if the bases were the same, then the exponents would be
the same. The following problems were then given to
challenge their generalizations by ramping up the level of
difficulty.
After these two problems, groups were asked to

create their own formal representation of exponential
equality using only variables. One group member from
each group wrote it on the board. During the whole
group discussion, we looked for similarities in the
representations.
As an exit ticket, students wrote their own problem.
This exit ticket served as a quick formative assessment.
These problems were used in class the next day for
reinforcement.
ultimate STEM | 100
Daphne Moore
This lesson was powerful because it asked students to
collaborate and draw conclusions. I asked the students to
reflect individually by writing their first generalizations
and then as a group on the final representations. I felt
that the lesson was driven by the students. I listened
to their conversations and then adapted my guidance
to their needs. I designed the lesson to specifically
allow students to confront common mistakes or
misconceptions about exponents and figure out why
there were mistakes (for example: 64 = 8 x 8, so students
might think it is 8 raised to the 8th power). Students took
ownership for their learning while I learned more about
how they think and process the math concept.
Daphne Moore earned a Bachelor

and Masters in Education from
Loyola University of Chicago. Over
the past twenty years, she has
taught grade levels 3-8th. She
served in many math and science
specialist and leaderships roles. Her
goal is to help communicate ways
STEAM Changes the Equation
in education. She believes STEAM
education helps children realize
their true potential. Her hope is
that all children realize that they
were not born to simply Fit In, but
born to Stand Out in this World!
Which Bridge?
My amazing teaching moment evolved out of my attempt to incorporate a
school-wide STEM challenge on Popsicle Bridge, and my unit on Weather
and Climate. I decided to create a mini unit or a weeklong lesson on the ways
weather and climate has affected on our infrastructures around the world.
Infrastructure, in this case mainly means our bridges.
First of all, I would like to say that the Cosmos may have been working in
my favor. Cosmos meaning, the universe and space, at the time in which
my students were working on the bridge unit, fell in line with the extreme
weather and climate conditions that were occurring across the United States
at that time. While we were working on this unit, for example, meteorologists
reported several states with having large amounts of rain, floods, storms,
and rather extreme weather conditions. President Obama stated that the cost
to repair the bridges across the United States would cost approximately $10
billion. Not to mention, our Chicago streets were in need of repair, due to
the large amount of pot holes cited after the winter months. I believe these
erratic weather conditions which left many families homeless, along with large
101 | ultimate STEM
amount of repairs needed for the Chicago Streets, helped to peak my students interest on the topic.
The big idea of the lesson was Weather and Climate and Its Effects on Our Infrastructures. In this activity my
student had to understand the six main types of bridges, their uses, functions, strengths, and weaknesses. They also
needed to select a specific type of bridge, and suggest improvements that would enable the bridges to withstand the
severe changes in the climate. After they completed this part of the assignment, they were given 200 Popsicle sticks,
and glue, and a glue gun. Using these materials, their tasks was to create a bridge design and structure that could
withstand the greatest amount of weight (in pounds) applied to it.
My students were, needless to say, engrossed in this lesson. I could not believe that I could not pull them away from
trying to communicate, research, design, and/or find a solution for their bridges. I was sold on project-based units,
after seeing my students become empowered to become a change agent! Even weeks after the lesson was over, my
students continued to research, track the weather, and communicate with me and their peers about bridge structures
around the world! I would not hesitate in recommending this bridge unit, my students were highly engaged, worked
more collaboratively, and were highly empowered to find solutions for our bridges!
ultimate STEM | 102
103 | ultimate STEM
Tracey Walker-Hines
Tracey Walker-Hines began her

career in education over 20 years
ago. She has held teaching and
administrative positions in Chicago
Public Schools and Prince Georges
County Public Schools. She has
earned educational degrees from
the University of Illinois at Chicago,
University of Wisconsin Whitewater,
and Chicago State University.
Put your heads down and close your eyes. I want you to just listen. The
iPad began to play the track In a Quiet Park from the Songza music app.
After about a minute of being in a darkened room listening to the sounds of
an idyllic park in the early afternoon, the students were then asked to share
out what they heard. This was the after recess soothing meditation as well
as the hook used with my third grade class to introduce a unit on sound.
Students in this class were accustomed to the meditation moment, but with
classical music. That day the meditation wasnt just used to settle the class,
it was used to engage the students in the lesson. After the engagement, the
students were directed to the objective (SWBAT demonstrate their ability to
discriminate sounds by identifying various objects from their sounds using a
sound chamber and completing a lab sheet and an exit slip) and the essential
questions (e.g., what is sound? What makes one sound different from
another? And likewise), which were written on the board.
having the students identify the

properties of what they heard (
hollow, hard, heavy, loud, thuds, or
jingle). Next, the students practiced
the skill by working in small groups
using the sound chamber. Group
members took turns discreetly
dropping preselected objects in the
chamber and the other members of
the group had to identify the object
by the sound. Mastery of the skill
was demonstrated when each object
was assigned a letter. Students then
had to decode words or messages
(differentiated) created by dropping
objects in the sound chamber. The
lesson concluded with the students
completing an exit slip explaining
how they identified the objects.
I taught the skill by creating different sounds using common objects (coins
dropping, balling up paper, keys jangling, and opening/closing scissors) and
ultimate STEM | 104
105 | ultimate STEM

JAMMING TEACHERS
Creative teacher designed lessons encourage outcomes that draw out students strengths:
Teachers use real world situations and tools that engage students to connect to their own world.
Hands-on learning: Students develop their own evidence which leads to relational
understanding. I hear and I forget. I see and I remember. I do and I understand. (Confucius)
Communication/Collaboration: Student discussions in various groupings allow students to
drive the lesson and take ownership of their learning by sharing their interpretations and giving
feedback.
Open-ended: There is not one right answer. Lessons direct students to articulate concepts in
their own words and/or provide their own examples or creative responses.
Multiple access points for students to succeed: Students with varying ability levels can
collaborate with peers and meaningfully contribute to the their groups success. Multiple
intelligences are addressed in each lesson.
ultimate STEM | 106
107 | ultimate STEM
Bethany Blackwood
r
u
o
k
r
ultimate STEM | 108
a
P
m
a
Te
s
y
e
k
n
o
M
Bethany Blackwood is a high

school math teacher at DeVry
University Advantage Academy.
She has been teaching for three
years. Bethany primarily teaches
Advanced Algebra/Trigonometry
and AP Calculus AB. Additionally,
she is an Instructional Leadership
Team member, a Math Teacher
Leader, a card player, a traveler, and
an Ultimate Frisbee enthusiast.
Have you ever wanted your students to be actively engaged in reviewing

content at the end of the unit? Do you wish your students would talk with
their group members rather than ask you to reteach something? Do you want
to play games in which students can collaborate but everyone is accountable
for their learning? I developed a game with those goals in mind and was
excited to see how well it worked in my Honors Advanced Algebra/Trig
classroom.
We play this whiteboard challenge group game to review before a test.
I warn students that they are responsible for helping each other be able to
demonstrate understanding of any problem given to them, and the winning
team will earn extra credit on their test! Each group numbers off so that each
student has a number between 1 and 4. After I give students a problem, I
make them stop and think individually for approximately 30 seconds. This
Think Time is an important element of the activity! Following think time,
groups have about one minute to discuss how to solve the problem. They
collaborate so that the randomly chosen person would be prepared to solve
the problem correctly. I randomly call a number from one to four and that
109 | ultimate STEM
Laura Frcka
person writes on their groups mini

whiteboard with the teammates
providing only silent feedback.
Once a student finishes and their
team approves the answer, they call
time check giving other groups 15
seconds to finish. At the end, I check
each teams work, their answer, and
award points.
During the entire activity, I am
thrilled to watch students collaborate
in their teams. They are all very
engaged. Choosing a random
number ensures all students are
accountable for understanding the
concept. There is scaffolding because
students discuss in their teams
before solving the problem. I have
rarely seen my students as motivated
and collaborate so well. Plus, they are
even studying in the process!
ultimate STEM | 110
Laura Frcka has been teaching

mathematics for nine years,
most recently at William J.
Bogan Computer Technical High
School, the first 1:1 Chromebook
high school in Chicago Public
Schools. She focuses on inquiry
explorations while incorporating
growth mindset. Outside of class,
she enjoys spending time with her
family and friends and is a novice
gardener and cook.
Several summers ago, I taught a pre-calculus course for students entering

AP Calculus AB. The students were introduced to trigonometric ratios in
previous mathematics courses but had trouble connecting their knowledge in
non-traditional settings. My main goal was for students to collaboratively use
their critical thinking skills and prior knowledge to determine an unknown,
the height of an object. I decided the clinometer lesson would be the perfect
avenue to take.
Working in groups, students would venture out of the classroom using their
clinometers to measure the heights of several objects around the school
(for example, a flagpole, light fixture, and/or basketball hoop). Before class,
I constructed each clinometer, an instrument used to measure the angle
or elevation of slopes from the horizon, using a straw, protractor, string,
button, and note card. Students entered class and were immediately curious,
wondering how they would use the clinometers that I had constructed.
I told the students that they would be working in small groups using the
clinometers to find the heights of objects that we are unable to physically
measure like a tree. I asked the students how they thought that they could use
111 | ultimate STEM
the clinometers. Several students stated that they wanted to read the overall angle while others wanted to use of the
angle of elevation. I allowed the students to discuss with each other and resolve the disparity.
The students drew a diagram and wrote out their calculations to enhance their understanding of trigonometry and see
if their answers made sense. At the end of class, we came back together and the students discussed their findings to
see if there were any discrepancies. Two groups calculated different heights for the flagpole. Through their discussion,
they determined that one group did not add in the height to the observers eye while the other group chose the sine
ratio instead of tangent. This lesson was successful because the students worked through their own understandings
and misconceptions.
This lesson could be easily extended or modified by varying the unit of measurement used and whether the groups
use the same or different objects. Students could also use a clinometer app or Google Maps to find the height of
landmarks.
ultimate STEM | 112
113 | ultimate STEM
Oscar Newman
Acoustic Voyagers
We have intimate connections with sound. We remember our parents voices,
animal sounds, and music we love. Years ago, I heard of an art project
using sound to explore urban spaces. I wondered if there were ways I could
connect these ideas with my students and teaching.
Oscar Newman has taught in
CPS since 1997. He teaches
7-8 Grade Science at Chicago
Academy Elementary School and
is the school science coordinator.
Oscar works actively with the
education departments at
several local museums. Oscar is a
National Board Certified Teacher
and mentored National Board
Candidates for 10 years.
This project used digital audio recorders (cell phones could also have been
used) to record sounds and sound editing software (Audacity) to visualize and
analyze captured sound. 7th grade science students recorded animal sounds
at the school and in a state park to learn how animals communicate and how
humans affect the soundscape.
Students developed questions about sounds in nature. They recorded
sounds and took photos on a field trip. Students used software to examine
waveforms, create spectrograms, or visualize pitch. As an assessment,
students embedded sounds and photos into presentations of their findings.
in almost all the captured sounds, human activity was

audible. Students began to explore the ways humans
affect the audioscape and the implications for animals.
Students learned science concepts like sexual selection,
competition, and territoriality while applying concepts
like frequency, wavelength, and pitch to compare
different ways of visualizing sound.
Finally, student perception of nature changed when they
noticed, talked about, and shared their experiences with
nature. When we observe and record sounds, we slow
down and focus on what is happening. The result is that
we notice things that had been happening all around
us for the first time. One day, a student told me, This
morning, I heard all these birds on the way to school!
Prior to the project, students thought of nature as
something they need to travel to find. This project helped
kids appreciate the idea that nature is all around them.
This project increased awareness of human effects on nature. For example,
ultimate STEM | 114
115 | ultimate STEM
Libby Robertson
Libby Robertson began teaching

on Chicagos South side in 2002.
After earning a Masters in Science
Education from DePaul she moved
to Middle School Science and is
currently at Franklin Fine Arts
Center. She is passionate about
inquiry based Science and serves
as Science Fair Co-chair for her
network. She enjoys traveling, good
stories, the outdoors and honing
her biking skills.
ultimate STEM | 116
Inquiry is integral to the study of science but learning the various

components can be a dull process unless you capture the students interest.
I begin my Scientific Method Unit with Inference vs Observation using the
Potato Candle Demonstration (it ends with eating a burning candle). We
then move to the Save Fred! lesson. This activity engages the students and
allows me to target several objectives, learning the basic scientific method,
teamwork communication skills, constraints in engineering and science, and
procedural writing.
To begin, students identify a challenging problem they have solved and
describe it and their methods to the group. These often include dealing with
injuries, schedules, friends or difficult Math problems. They choose one to
share from each team and we look for commonalities and chart them. Next,
I bring out a gummy worm described as Fred. He has fallen out of his yacht
(cup) and ended up on top of the upside down cup with his gummy life
preserver trapped underneath and he needs their help! They are then given
the materials: a clear plastic cup, 4 paper clips, a gummy worm, and gummy
lifesaver for each pair, along with a set of constraints. They cant touch Fred
with their fingers and may only use

the 4 paper clips. The lifesaver must
be placed firmly around his body. He
cannot be injured in any way and if
he falls onto the tabletop sea more
than once he drowns. The students
instantly begin work and will even
give up recess to complete the
operation. They are encouraged to
take pictures or draw sketches.
Upon finishing, they work as a
pair to write their procedures. This
is shared with their teammates
who must follow the steps exactly.
Unclear parts are noted and the
pair revises the procedures until
they are reproducible. Their work
is published and we generate a
scientific method outline as a class
that will be refined as needed.
117 | ultimate STEM
Halyna Sendoun
Halyna Sendoun is a middle school

science teacher at Mark T. Skinner
West Classical, Fine Arts and
Technology School. She has been
teaching for six years and has loved
every minute of it. In Halynas free
time, she enjoys reading fiction,
traveling with her fianc, and
exploring new culinary worlds.
ultimate STEM | 118
Shedding Light on Ions

The Shedding Light on Ions lesson was implemented in an eighth grade
classroom. In the days leading up to this lab, students learned about atoms,
elements, ions, and ionic bonds. They also constructed conductivity testers
and practiced using them in lab. By the time we learn about ions in midDecember, my students have multiple hands-on labs under their belts. We
practice good lab habits, safety, working in groups, and so on. However, none
of this really prepares them for the Ions lab, a fun and active experience.
Active is simply a positive way of saying hectic, since this lab has a time
constraint of 45 minutes, with a discussion the following day.
My students have five minutes per lab station to make observations, build a
conductivity tester, test their substances, discuss, deconstruct the conductivity
tester, and be ready to move. There is no downtime in this experience, and
students have to be quick on their feet. The time crunch necessitates that
students focus all of their energy on the lab. This leads to quick-fire ideas
and discussions. Building conductivity testers is simple but there are specific
steps to follow for safety. The light bulb, battery, and electrodes have to
be wired correctly for the conductivity tester to work. All of my students
have to practice constructing and

deconstructing them, with assistance
from the group. The group members
are fantastic with making sure that
everyone is being safe and learning
from the experience. And they are
able to accomplish this in just under
five minutes!
The greatest moment comes when
the group finally tests an ionic
substance and their light bulb
lights up. The students excitement
is contagious, they all want to be
the ones to put the electrodes in
the solution to affect the light
bulbs. Most groups will actually
deconstruct the conductivity tester
several times so that everyone gets a
chance with making the successful
one. My students follow-up with a
rich discussion about the different
solutions and what it means for a
solution to be ionic.
119 | ultimate STEM

PARKOUR MONKEYS
Rigorous, cognitively rich tasks: Students are involved in thinking deeply and using various
strands of knowledge along with prior learning. The activities reinforce fundamental skills for
future applications.
Student engagement and choice: Students actively participate in tasks at hand and are allowed
to choose how to solve the problem to develop their understandings. Students own their learning
outcomes.
Communication with disciplinary vocabulary: Students work collaboratively and success
depends upon effective communication. Students develop and apply content vocabulary.
Safe, supportive place for exploration: Students have a comfortable space to explore the range
of their abilities. They are encouraged to take risks with support from their peers and teacher.
Structured environment that celebrates diversity: Teacher systematically creates a classroom
that optimizes STEM learning. Lessons balance structure and freedom to explore. Diversity is
celebrated in divergent outcomes.
ultimate STEM | 120
121 | ultimate STEM
Melinet Ellison
TEAM
Pentagonal
ultimate STEM | 122
Melinet Ellison is a proud graduate

of Chicago Public Schools. She
attended CPS kindergarten through
12th grade. She is passionate about
urban education as it is a part of
her history. She has been teaching
in academically disadvantaged
schools within CPS since 2009.
Melinet enjoys working with
students who are underprivileged
because she believes that they
can escape poverty through
education. Her primary career goal
is to provide a unique learning
experience for each student.
My amazing teaching moment was experienced in a sixth grade math class.

The objective of the lesson was for students to gain a long lasting conceptual
understanding of mean through real world applications. Students often
times confuse mean, median, and mode without knowing the purpose of
central tendencies or when to apply them. The learning objective was for the
students to explore the purpose of mean and the operational procedures for
finding the mean.
The lesson began with each student receiving their own miniature bag of
Skittles. Students were directed to make predictions about which color would
be represented the most in their package. Students were then allowed to share
their preferred Skittle color. The class used the survey to decide what color
was most preferred, red won. Next, they opened their bags and counted how
many red Skittles were in their personal bag. I gave special attention to the
one who had the most, red Skittles hoping the other students would begin to
feel envious. We then engaged in a class discussion on fairness. I proposed
the following questions:
123 | ultimate STEM
Next, students suggested that we put all the Skittles

together and then pass them out one by one so that
everyone gets the same amount of red Skittles. I followed
their suggestion and collected all the Skittles in a
container and redistributed them one by one. I asked why
were we doing these steps and used this as a springboard
to introduce the concept of mean as being a fair
number. We discussed the mean as a number that can be
expected. Students reviewed the two steps taken to find
the mean/fair number as a method of finding mean.
This lesson was full of amazing moments including
students working together, rich discourse, student
discovery, and content exploration. It was amazing to
hear the students share the step-by-step process for
finding the mean without them knowing the term. They
were diving into mathematical concepts using a real-life
student application.
ultimate STEM | 124
Sandra Jackson
Is it fair that we all have different amounts of

one color?
What amount of red Skittles should each buyer
expect?
What could we do to find a fair number of red
Skittles?
Sandra Jackson is currently a STEM

Math Specialist at one the Chicago
Public Schools, George W. Tilton
STEM Elementary. As part of the
schools leadership team, Sandra is
committed to supporting teacher
and student development through
the integration and implementation
of a K- 8th STEM Model. Sandra
desires to see the students receive
a quality STEM education rooted in
student exploration and real world
experiences.
My amazing teaching moment occurred when I was given an opportunity to

model teach for a science teacher. I facilitated a lesson for a 7th grade class,
whereby students were given an opportunity to learn about earthquakes, as
well as, design and build an earthquake resistant structure. My objective was
to use a topic that was prevalent in the current news and would give children
an opportunity to see the connection of science to real world events. I also
wanted to give students a chance to experience the engineering design process
in the classroom.
The lesson began with students discussing essential questions: What is
an earthquake and how are buildings designed to withstand earthquakes?
Following the discussion, students watched various footage of the Nepal
Earthquake which captured their interest.
Working in groups of four, students researched some of the pertinent terms
learned relating to earthquakes and analyzed an interactive online seismic
monitor to become familiar with earthquake magnitude. This graph depicted
severity of earthquakes all over the world based on the magnitude.
125 | ultimate STEM
Students then participated in an interactive online activity about P and S seismic waves. Students were able to
manipulate the P and S waves and complete an online formative assessment. Lastly, students used KNex pieces to
build an earthquake resistant structure which was tested using a Shaker Table. The students, earthquake structures had
to withstand 8 seconds without collapsing. If the structure collapsed before 8 seconds, students had to rebuild their
structure.
Learning about earthquakes and building an earthquake resistant structure was a successful lesson for my students as
well as myself because this lesson incorporated many of the strategies that a STEM teachers should embrace in their
instruction. This lesson enabled me to connect science to real world events using a problem based project. In addition,
my students were exposed to the engineering design process in greater depth and were able to engage in self-directed
learning. Students were also given a chance to collaborate in groups and explore waves and earthquakes of different
magnitudes.
ultimate STEM | 126
127 | ultimate STEM
Preston Lewis
Preston Lewis worked as an

engineer while volunteering as a
tutor. The time he spent tutoring
was transforming and redirected
his path into teaching. He has
worked as an educator for several
years, the last few as a STEM
facilitator. Preston is eager for
more years of teaching, learning
and making a difference.
ultimate STEM | 128
One seventh grade class at my school was unable to experience the

engineering class due to schedule limitations. The omitted seventh grade
classroom had an independent learning program during the time block that
many of them considered free time. I offered to teach those students
engineering during this time period. I was assigned a language arts classroom
that, due to the layout, presented a host of challenges in conducting hands-on
activities. In addition, the students were unhappy about making this change; I
had to make sure to quickly peak their interest.
The students were extremely unenthused to see me as I walked into the
classroom. They felt I was taking something away from them instead of
providing something for them. I immediately went to the introductory video
of bungee jumpers in a various settings. This peaked their interest and led to
a nice discussion. Students were then challenged to model this activity with
the following materials: action figures of varied sizes and masses, masking
tape, two one-meter sticks, rubber bands of varied thicknesses, and a pencil.
Their task was to design a way to record data from the bungee jumper, and to
test two variables to determine which had the greatest effect on the bungee
jumpers free fall rate under the same

conditions.
The students were actively engaged
and creative in their designs. They
had excellent discussions and did
well collecting good data. The hour
flew by, and a high percentage of
the students wanted to stay for lunch
and complete their work. Over the
next few days, I heard from several
of them about how they were
excited to continue their work. These
seventh graders were so taken by the
lesson that they told their friends and
classmates about their experiences.
As a result of these conversations,
I eventually conducted this activity
with another class due to requests
from students. Now that is what I
call an ultimate lesson!
129 | ultimate STEM
Lucas Smith
My Ultimate STEM Lesson deals with expanding the initial idea of science
and technology in the classroom. I started every year in my science class
with a Stump Mr. Smith Challenge, as well as a comparison of the great
discoveries made by humans to a pyramid.
Lucas Smith is the father of three
amazing girls and has been married
to his equally amazing wife for
eleven years. He teaches all subject
areas to incredible 6-8 grade
diverse learners. Lucas has an
inquisitive mind and many interests
that span all subject areas.
ultimate STEM | 130
During our first meeting, I would pose the idea of a comparing building
a pyramid to scientific discoveries made by humans. I would ask if you
can build the top of the pyramid before the bottom, and then discuss the
importance of a base. In pairs, the students were then asked to brainstorm
what they thought should be on the base, middle, and top of the human
discovery pyramid. In seven minutes the groups came together and we
discussed the responses and the viability of each choice. After coming to
a consensus we placed the discovery on the pyramid. We then discussed
relationships and explosions of discoveries and the flashpoints that created
them: Tool use, harnessing fire, trade, language, writing, seafaring, agriculture,
cities, mathematics, paper, type press, telescope, microscope, steam engine,
electricity, etc. We would then discuss whether the pyramid continues to grow.
We then transitioned into the

definition of science. Students were
then grouped by fours in order to
Stump Mr. Smith. I challenge them
to come up with any topic, item,
idea that does not involve science.
Once they made their selection, we
then discussed why each choice is
related to science. Students were
left with the sense of the wide open
awesomeness of science.
Through this lesson, I was able to
expand my students preconceived
notions of what science entails as
well as its potential. Students are able
to dream big and imagine themselves
building on to that pyramid. The
final wow moment comes at the
end of the challenge when students
come to the realization of how
interconnected science is to their
world and beyond.
131 | ultimate STEM
Andrew Stricker
Andrew has taught Algebra

I, Advanced Algebra with
Trigonometry, and IB Math Studies
SL at Prosser Career Academy, a
Chicago Public High School, for the
past 10 years. His most rewarding
professional development
experiences include National
Board Certification, OneGoal, and
the Michigan State-Wipro STEM
Fellowship. He has a passion for
teaching students how to become
better problem solvers and enjoys
tackling tough problems himself.
ultimate STEM | 132
I was first introduced to the Tower of Hanoi in my DePaul University grad

school class almost a decade ago. Immediately, I was hooked by the elegance
and complexity of the problem. Sixty-four disks lie on pole A, and in the
minimum number of moves possible must be moved to pole C (pole B lies
between A and C). To solve the problem, you are required to move the 64
disks while following two rules: you must move one disk only at a time onto
poles A, B or C and can never place a larger disk upon a smaller one. What is
the minimum number of moves required to solve this problem?
Students used pennies, nickels, dimes, and quarters to replicate the Tower of
Hanoi. First, they started by solving an easier problem. What if, instead of
64 disks, there was only one disk? How many moves would be required to
solve the problem? What if there were two disks? Three disks? From there,
students saw patterns, formulated hypotheses, and tested their ideas.
They enjoyed the hands-on nature of the problem and appreciated the
challenge of deriving an explicit formula to model the minimum number
of moves to solve the Tower. They were curious as to whether there are
133 | ultimate STEM
extensions to the tower (indeed, there are). Someone suggested that students create their own
tower extensions based on certain conditions (e.g. the Adjacency Requirement and double the
original number of disks). Another Fellow saw how this problem could be modified for her
students. A STEM coach, who knew of the problem prior to today, appreciated the problem
solving approach using the coins, trial-and-error, patterns in the numbers and teamwork.
The Tower of Hanoi is the capstone activity of our Exponents unit. On day one of the Tower,
students investigate a variation of the famous Wheat and Chessboard fable. On day two, they
read the history of the tower and attempt to solve it. Students are astounded by the number of
years it would take, moving one disk per one second, to solve the Tower by hand. Day three,
offers extensions to the problem, including the Adjacency Requirement and Double Tower. Past
students have told me that this is their favorite problem of the year.
Image Credit: http://

britton.disted.
camosun.bc.ca/hanoi.swf
ultimate STEM | 134
135 | ultimate STEM

PENTAGONAL
Teacher Facilitator: Using both teacher and student interests, a creative facilitator orchestrates
lessons with a balance of structure and flexibility, including various techniques that cultivate
students desire to learn and inquire.
Real World Explorations: Students explore real world problems in order to develop 21st
Century skills: critical thinking, problem solving, communication, collaboration and innovation.
Student Self-directed learning: The learning environment encourages student collaboration
and higher order thinking to make sense of the world. Students reflect and communicate their
findings taking ownership of their learning.
Various Probing Questions: Questioning that drives instruction as well as allows for expansion
of thoughts, at multiple levels, is essential to STEM. This process is open to all: not only should
the instructor pose questions, but students should as well.
Transferable Application: Students apply and transfer their understanding to novel situations.
This fosters creativity, imbues students with confidence & deepens their understanding of and
appreciation for the content.
ultimate STEM | 136
137 | ultimate STEM
Gretchen Brinza
ultimate STEM | 138
TEAM
STEMraderie
Gretchen Brinza has been

teaching for twelve years, with
the last eight spent focused
on science teaching in grades
K-8th. She enjoys coffee in the
morning and ice cream at night.
During the day, shes either
learning about something or
laughing with her family and a
four-legged friend.
Magnetic Attraction is my take on an ideal STEM lesson. I taught this lesson

to third graders, who were studying magnetism. This lesson was uncovering
knowledge that forces dont need to be in contact with an object to cause
motion. Students had previously had experience with magnets, developing
models to explain how they interact with other magnets and materials.
Students generated new questions based on what they wanted to learn, and
our next classroom activity strived to answer a student-driven question,
Which magnet is the strongest?
I gave various magnets, paper clips and tape to students. After discussing
what we could do with these materials to determine magnetic strength, the
class brainstormed possible investigations. We eventually agreed upon the
investigation to tape the magnets to the tables, and suspend paper clips from
them to determine how many they could hold (their strength).
Students began working in cooperative groups, and I quickly saw how many
uncontrolled variables were present in their investigations, which was exactly
what I wanted. When the investigation was over, student groups shared their
139 | ultimate STEM
Jeff Erickson
data under the document camera. The room was in

uproar with questions like How did he get that many
paper clips for that magnet? and What? Why are my
data so different than hers?
Students were able to see that the data they gathered
did not fairly answer the question they asked because of
how they planned and carried out the investigation. As a
class, students redesigned the investigation, determining
what variables should be controlled, and then students
could state claims about which magnet was really the
strongest. Students new claims were based on evidence
they had collected from a redesigned investigation. This
investigation controlled variables students didnt initially
consider would affect their results. What proof they now
had, that they could.
ultimate STEM | 140
Jeff is from the southside of

Chicago. He graduated from
Northwestern University with
a BA in Biology and UCLA
with an MBA. Jeff has worked
in the computer, publishing
and gaming industries. He is
entering his eighth year of
teaching at Nobel Elementary
School and will be teaching
5th Grade Math in the 2015-16
school year.
Perimeter and Area of Irregular Polygons

The object of this lesson was for 5th grade students to be able to transfer
their knowledge about the perimeter, area of rectangles, squares to the
perimeter, and area of irregular polygons that are composed of rectangles
and squares. They were also able to relate this knowledge to real world
situations. We had a class discussion about these potential real world
problems.
The lesson began with a review about the meaning of the perimeter and
area of a two-dimensional, geometric figure, and an example of finding the
perimeter and the area of a rectangle. In groups, students found the area and
perimeter of an irregular polygon. Using a SMART Board, I then modeled
the calculation of the perimeter and area of this irregular polygon. A key
learning experience here was, that the students and I discussed what may
be common errors including using, unlike units of measurement, missing
measurements of some of the sides, and the general understanding of the
perimeter and area of a two-dimensional geometric shape. The students
also developed a stronger understanding of irregular polygon measurements
141 | ultimate STEM
when we visually displayed how missing measurements

are determined using the SMART Board. Students really
struggled with finding these measurements and this
part of the lesson deepens their understanding. We then
worked together in determining the perimeter and area
of another irregular polygon.
I then displayed the work of four students on the
problem of finding the perimeter and area of an irregular
polygon. In pairs, the students analyze the sample work.
This activity led to a rich discussion about what each
student did, potential misunderstandings, mistakes, and
what they thought the students were thinking of to
achieve their final results. A key element of this part of
the lesson was that, I displayed sample of student work
that showed common errors and also different ways
to end up with the same, correct results. Students then
selected their choices using Plickr. Students were then
assigned the task of finding the area of a room in their
home.
ultimate STEM | 142
143 | ultimate STEM
Sushma Lohitsa
Sushma Lohitsa is a
Kindergarten through 6th
grade science and engineering
teacher at Beulah Shoesmith
Elementary School. Sushma
has been teaching for ten
years and is passionate about
STEM education and student
ingenuity. Sushma is originally
from Michigan and is currently
working on her Master of Arts
in Educational Technology at
Michigan State University.
ultimate STEM | 144
Designing a technology that keeps me safe from the sun

Every once in a while all of the pieces of your lesson come into play just
right and dozens of light bulbs turn on across the room giving way to a sea
of understanding. Teachers crave these moments. Earlier this year, I taught a
kindergarten lesson on the effects of the sun. We conducted experiments to
see what the sun does to sand, soil, gravel, and water. The students observed
that land becomes hot to the touch when under the sun for a long period of
time. Once they understood this, I posed a challenge. Students were asked to
design a technology that would keep me safe from the sun. The constraints
that the students had to work under were the available materials and the
number of class periods that they had to complete their designs.
The lesson let students work through all five steps of the engineering design
process beginning with the question, how will they keep me (Lego figurine)
safe from the sun? Students then created a plan in their notebooks by drawing
a diagram identifying which materials they would use and how they would use
it. Once the design was completed, students had three class periods to build
and test their devices with me at a testing station. If their design was not
successful, they were given another class period to improve their design and
test again.
This lesson was powerful because

my students were able to take their
understanding of materials and their
properties to creatively engineer a
testable solution. This lesson allowed
students to become design experts
and collaboratively share ideas with
one another. Having an opportunity
to improve their designs helped my
students make deeper connections
to the scientific evidence presented
during their tests. It also helped my
students see themselves as engineers.
145 | ultimate STEM
Darnella Wesley
Darnella Wesley is a National

Board Certified Teacher with a
Masters degree in Education.
She works for Chicago Public
Schools teaching middle school
science. Darnella is experienced
with teaching STEM, using the
Next Generation of Science
Standards (NGSS). She loves to
read, spend time with her family
and travel.
ultimate STEM | 146
An amazing teaching moment occurred when I taught using engineering

design to create straight wheel alignment, when building a Solar Powered
Car. This lesson was adapted from the Power Up curriculum sponsored by
the Peggy Notebaert Nature Museum in Chicago.
Alignment is a critical step in design of a car using solar power. As a result,
students are required to apply scientific principles to design, construct, and
test a car prototype that will move in a straight line without the aid of other
devices. My students learned to identify a problem, explore solutions, design a
plan, create a model, test and revise, if needed. Students now understand that
being precise and specific will allow a more successful outcome with their end
product.
To begin this lesson, students worked with a team or pit crew. They were
assigned team roles and then asked to research wheel alignment and
aerodynamics. After thorough research and discussion, the class documented
their findings. Afterwards, pupils were given an opportunity to select materials
to build the car.
This lesson is special because of the

engagement of my students. During
the formative assessment of my
teams, I observed students working
collaboratively, discussing their
problem and providing solutions.
Additionally, my kids were so excited
about this activity because they knew
the next step would be to actually
begin to build their car using solar
panels to power the motor. During
the summative assessment of the
steps in the engineering process
students demonstrated mastery.
Ninety percent of the students
scored 80% or above on their
final test. Additionally, this lesson
encompassed all the elements of
STEM. The lesson was a real world
example, student centered, required
team effort and provided several
opportunities for students to use
technology.
147 | ultimate STEM

STEMraderie
Real World: Real world application allows students to see learning has meaning beyond the
classroom. It extends into the worlds in which they live, driving additional learning.
Student-Centered: Student-centered learning is driven by the students. The teacher becomes a
facilitator as students run the learning environment.
Team Effort: Everyones voices and experiences matter, no matter how big or small.
Collaboration is at the forefront of both teaching and learning and respectful argument is
encouraged.
Safe Space: Students feel safe in all aspects of their learning. They are encouraged to take risks,
and failure is expected. From failure, real learning takes place.
Technology Integration: Each lesson allows creative opportunities for real-time technology
integration. As technology evolves, so can the lesson. Technology empowers student
engagement and learning.
ultimate STEM | 148
149 | ultimate STEM
ultimate STEM | 150
151 | ultimate STEM
ultimate STEM | 152

Ultimate Stem: The Book

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Ultimate Stem: The Book

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Ultimate Stem: The Book

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

e

The only shame is to pretend that we have all the answers.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons

THIS BOOK IS DEDICATED TO TEACHERS EVERYWHERE.

III | ultimate STEM

BLT w/ Cheese and Mayo

Every educator has had an amazing teaching moment. It is that magical

VII | ultimate STEM

language that has links to everyday objects as well as the

ultimate STEM | VIII

There are numerous people at Michigan State University

teaching in general, and to urban education in specific, can

Additional resources related

September 2015, East Lansing, MI

We would also like to thank the leadership team at MSU:

ultimate STEM | XII

XIII | ultimate STEM

ultimate STEM | XIV

A lucky man, surrounded

After brainstorming multiple iterations, Oliver developed

AMAZING TEACHING MOMENT

In order to accomplish this goal, I elected not to lecture on the development

Student groups were then asked

Students used a free app on their devices to make a quick

pleasure in watching their videos and posting them on

Eu Hyun (Choi) Tang

Eu Hyun (Choi) Tang is a 7th

As a student, I was taught Algebra in a traditional method. Teachers

Can you figure out what the unknown quantity of

Lesson Galapagos Island and Evolution/Change over Time

Why are there so many species of finches on the Galapagos Islands?

better and they tested their ideas. My students were

Words of Wisdom from

Shujuana Lovett currently

With this feedback I set out to

Tracy Iammartino teaches 7th

The final products were amazing!

Laura Boyle is a science teacher at

My amazing teaching moment is from the second day of my DNA unit in

demonstrate mastery move on to a reading and questions

AMAZING TEACHING MOMENT

Edward Kania is a 7th and 8th

A major philosophical belief that I hold is that students be allowed time

While this lesson was gratifying for

Words of Wisdom from

Molly Lahart has been teaching

a memorable lesson with nothing

Chris Layton is a National Board

At each planet, we look at the sun.

AMAZING TEACHING MOMENT

This lesson is adapted from The

Once students began walking in for class, I began the

Leigha has been teaching

This is when I use probing questions

The next phase of the lesson is a student led investigation. Students

Jenner Academy teacher, Bessie

radius, and find the diameter/radius when given the circumference.

Words of Wisdom from

William R. Brown has seven years

As a final component, each group