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The Effect of Varying Span On Design of Short Span Reinforced Concrete T-Beam Bridge Deck

The document summarizes the design of reinforced concrete T-beam bridge decks with varying spans from 10 to 25 meters. It finds that as span increases, the dead load bending moment increases almost quadratically. The document describes the bridge components, design methodology considering Indian design standards, and presents results from manual calculations and STAAD software analysis. It concludes that bending moment increases in a parabolic manner with increasing span length.

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36 views3 pages

The Effect of Varying Span On Design of Short Span Reinforced Concrete T-Beam Bridge Deck

The document summarizes the design of reinforced concrete T-beam bridge decks with varying spans from 10 to 25 meters. It finds that as span increases, the dead load bending moment increases almost quadratically. The document describes the bridge components, design methodology considering Indian design standards, and presents results from manual calculations and STAAD software analysis. It concludes that bending moment increases in a parabolic manner with increasing span length.

Uploaded by

NitinShepur
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT)

ISSN: 2278-0181
Vol. 4 Issue 02, February-2015

The Effect of Varying Span on Design of Short


Span Reinforced Concrete T-Beam Bridge Deck
Neeraj Kumar

Dr. S. Mandal

Assistant Professor,
Department of Civil Engineering
Bipin Tripathi Kumoan Institute of Technology (BTKIT)
Dwarahat, Almora,Uttarakhand

Associate Professor,
Department of Civil Engineering
Indian Institute of Technology, BHU,
Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh

Abstract - Bridge is an important part of overall


transportation system. T-beam Bridge is mainly used by
designer for small span bridge. This paper describes the
design of 4-lane Reinforced Concrete T-beam Bridge deck
considering IRC Class-AA tracked loading with span varying
from10 to 25m. In this paper shows after computing manually
and software that dead load bending moment with increasing
span increases almost square of span.

Keywords: Reinforced Concrete Bridge, T-beam Bridge


deck, longitudinal girder, cross girder, kerb.
I. INTRODUCTION
A Bridge is a structure carrying a road, path, railway,
pedestrian etc. across a river, road, valley or other obstacle
without closing the way beneath. According to the material
of construction of Superstructure Bridge are classified as
timber, masonry, iron, steel, reinforced concrete, prestressed concrete, composite or Aluminum Bridge.
Reinforced concrete is well suited for the construction of
highway bridges in the small span range. Reinforced
Concrete Bridge is a bridge with reinforced concrete spans
and concrete or reinforced-concrete abutments. The types
of Reinforced Concrete Bridge are slab bridge, T-beam
bridge, hollow girder bridge, balanced cantilever bridge,
rigid frame bridge, arch bridge and bow string girder
bridge.
In T-beam bridge, the main longitudinal girders are
designed as T-beams integral with part of the deck slab,
which is cast monolithically with the girders.
Main components of T-beam Bridge
The RC T-beam superstructure consists of the following
components:
i)

Deck slab

ii)

Cantilever slab portion

iii)

Footpaths, if provided, kerbs and handrails or


crash barriers.

iv)

Wearing coat

IJERTV4IS020078

v)

Longitudinal girders, considered in design to be of


T-section

vi)

Cross girders or diaphragms, intermediate and end


ones.
II. METHODOLOGY

A. Bridge Data/ Description


In this paper, all the varying span of 4-lane T-beam bridge
deck are designed for IRC class AA tracked load having
80mm thickness of wearing coat, 600mm x300mm kerb
width and depth. The considered materials for all
Reinforced concrete bridges are M30 grade concrete and
Fe415 grade High Yield Strength Deformed (HYSD) bars.
B. Methods
The design and analyses of all bridge deck are done by
STAAD.Pro and manually considering as per Indian
Standard IS: 456-2000, IRC: 6-2000 and IRC: 21-2000.
This conventional method is widely used with design steps
as given in several text books on bridge engineering
(Victor 2007, Krishna Raju 2004, Rajagopalan 2006).
III. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The paper presents the design of RC T-beam bridge deck
four cases considered with varying span.
A. Summary of data for RC T-beam bridge deck
This section describes the data adopted for all the four 4lane RC T-beam bridges with clear carriageway width of
14.5 m which were used in the parametric study in STAAD
analysis as well as conventional method of design and
analysis on design of RC T- beam bridges. For all the
bridges material properties provided are for M30 grade of
concrete and Fe 415 grade of steel.

www.ijert.org
(This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.)

282

International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT)


ISSN: 2278-0181
Vol. 4 Issue 02, February-2015

Slab thickness
t (mm)

Overall
depth of
Longitudin
al Girder
(mm)

No. of L.G.

c/c Distance of
L.G. (m)

Overall depth
of Cross
Girder (mm)

No. of C.G.

c/c Distance of
C.G. (m)

10

200

1600

2.9

1400

15

200

1600

2.9

1400

3.75

20

200

1600

2.9

1400

25

200

1600

2.9

1400

4.17

D. The variation of Bending Moment and Shear Force with


span
The variation of dead load SF, live load SF, dead load BM
and live load BM are shows as below. It can be observed
that as the span is increases the dead load and live load
shear and moment are increases.

The above thickness of slab and section for cross girders


and longitudinal girders have been adopted after design of
the bridge decks using the EXCEL spreadsheet developed
in the study. For the above sectional properties, the bridges
were analysed in STAAD.Pro and the results obtained are
presented below.

Bending Moment (KN-m)

Span (m)

Table- 1: Summary of data considered for four cases

3500
3000
2500
2000
1500
1000
500

B. Summary for Design loads

0
0

The Design dead load, live load and total load, as obtained
from STAAD analysis are presented below. The support
reactions have also been computed using the conventional
method of design developed as an EXCEL spreadsheet
program.

20

25

30

Conventional method of Analysis

DLSF
(KN)

LLSF
(KN)

Total SF
(KN)

DLSF
(KN)

LLSF
(KN)

Total SF
(KN)

10

177.296

369.05

546.346

205.168

408.2328

613.4008

15

277.35

384.7

662.05

285.828

438.1034

723.9314

20

332.2

397.8

730

366.488

453.0388

819.5268

25

397.3

400.11

797.41

447.148

462

909.148

C. Summary for bending moment


The Design bending moments, as obtained from STAAD
analysis are presented below. The Bending moments have
also been computed using the conventional method of
design developed as an EXCEL spreadsheet program.
Table-3: Comparison of Bending moment from conventional calculation
and STAAD.Pro

DLBM
(KN-m)

LLBM
(KN-m)

Total
BM
(KN-m)

Conventional method of
Analysis
Total
DLBM
LLBM
BM
(KN-m)
(KN-m)
(KN-m)

10

487.55

847.53

1335.08

549.46

816.465
5

15

1046.64

1254.84

2301.48

1126.66
5

1314.31

STAAD. Pro analysis


Span
(m)

15

DLBM (Conventional Method)


LLBM (Conventional Method)
DLBM (STAAD.Pro)
LLBM (STAAD.Pro)

20

1632.7

1654.2

3286.9

1905.52

1812.15
5

25

2176.1

2062

4238.1

2886.02
5

2310

1365.92
6
2440.97
5
3717.67
5
5196.02
5

Figure 1: Variation of Bending Moment with Span by STAAD.Pro and


Conventional method

Shear Force (KN)

STAAD. Pro analysis

10

Span (m)

Table-2: Comparison of design Shear force from both the methods

Span
(m)

500
450
400
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
0

10

15

20

25

30

Span (m)
DLSF (Conventional Method)
LLSF (Conventional Method)
DLSF (STAAD.Pro)
LLSF (STAAD.Pro)

Figure 2: Variation of Shear Force with Span by STAAD.Pro and


Conventional method

IJERTV4IS020078

www.ijert.org
(This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.)

283

International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT)


ISSN: 2278-0181
Vol. 4 Issue 02, February-2015

IV. CONCLUSION
On the basis of design and analysis it was concluded that
with increasing span the dead load bending moment
increases almost square of the span. This is true that
bending moment increases in a parabolic manner with
span.
REFERENCES
[1]

IRC: 6-2000, Standard specifications and code of practice for road


bridges: Section II, Loads and Stresses, Indian Roads Congress,
2000, 55pp.

[2]

IRC: 21-2000, Standard specifications and code of practice for road


bridges: Section III, Cement concrete (plain and reinforced), Indian
Roads Congress, 2000, 80pp.

[3]

IS: 456-2000, Plain and Reinforced concrete, code of practice: 4 th


revision, Indian Standard, 2000, 81pp.

[4]

Jagdeesh T. R. and Jayaram M. A. (2010), Design of Bridge


Structures, 2nd edition, PHI learning and private limited, New
Delhi.

[5]

Krisna Raju N. (2004), Structural Design & Drawing, Reinforced


Concrete and Steel, 2nd edition, University Press (India) Pvt.
Limited, Hyderabad.

[6]

Rajagopalan, N. (2006), Bridge Superstructure, Narosa Publishing


House, New Delhi.

[7]

Victor , D. J. (2007), Essential of Bridge Engineering, 6 th edition,


Oxford & IBH publishing Co. Pvt. Limited, New Delhi.

IJERTV4IS020078

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284

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