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List of Symbols

The document provides a list of symbols used in heat transfer. It defines many common symbols used in the field such as variables for areas, forces, heat transfer coefficients, temperatures, and other physical properties. The list of symbols is extensive and covers most variables encountered in heat transfer problems.

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824 views

List of Symbols

The document provides a list of symbols used in heat transfer. It defines many common symbols used in the field such as variables for areas, forces, heat transfer coefficients, temperatures, and other physical properties. The list of symbols is extensive and covers most variables encountered in heat transfer problems.

Uploaded by

totoq51
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 4

hol29362_fm

11/6/2008

Confirming Proofs

15:54

LIST OF SYMBOLS

Local velocity of sound

Friction factor

Attenuation coefficient
(Chap. 8)

Force, usually N

Area

Albedo (Chap. 8)

Am

Fmn or Fij

Radiation shape factor


for radiation from
surface i to surface j

Acceleration of gravity

Fin profile area (Chap. 2)

Specific heat, usually kJ/kg C

gc

Conversion factor, defined


by Eq. (1-14)

Concentration (Chap. 11)

Irradiation (Chap. 8)

CD

Drag coefficient, defined


by Eq. (6-13)

Cf

Friction coefficient, defined


by Eq. (5-52)

cp

Specific heat at constant


pressure, usually kJ/kg C

cv

Specific heat at constant


volume, usually kJ/kg C

Mass velocity

Heat-transfer coefficient,
usually W/m2 C

Average heat-transfer
coefficient

hfg

Enthalpy of vaporization,
kJ/kg

hr

Radiation heat-transfer
coefficient (Chap. 8)

Depth or diameter

Enthalpy, usually kJ/kg

Diffusion coefficient (Chap. 11)

Intensity of radiation

Hydraulic diameter, defined


by Eq. (6-14)

Solar insolation (Chap. 8)

Diameter

D
D
DH

G= m
A

Internal energy per unit mass,


usually kJ/kg

Internal energy, usually kJ

Emissive power, usually


W/m2 (Chap. 8)

Eb0

Solar constant (Chap. 8)

Eb

Blackbody emmissive power


per unit wave-length, defined
by Eq. (8-12)

I0

Solar insolation at outer edge


of atmosphere

Radiosity (Chap. 8)

Thermal conductivity, usually


W/m C

ke

Effective thermal conductivity


of enclosed spaces (Chap. 7)

Scattering coefficient (Chap. 8)

Mass-transfer coefficient, m/h


xix

# 101675
Cust: McGraw-Hill
Au: Holman
Title: Heat Transfer 10/e
Server:

Pg. No.19

K/PMS 293
Short / Normal / Long

DESIGN SERVICES OF

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hol29362_fm

xx

11/6/2008

Confirming Proofs

15:54

List of Symbols

L
Lc

Length

x, y, z

Corrected fin length (Chap. 2)


k
= pc

Mass

Mass rate of flow

Molecular weight (Chap. 11)

Molecular density

Molal diffusion rate, moles per


unit time (Chap. 11)

Pressure, usually N/m2 , Pa

Perimeter

Heat-transfer rate, kJ per unit time

q
q
Q

Heat flux, kJ per unit time


per unit area

Heat, kJ
Radius or radial distance

Recovery factor, defined


by Eq. (5-120)

Fixed radius

Gas constant
Thermal resistance, usually C/W

A characteristic dimension
(Chap. 4)

Conduction shape factor,


usually m

Thickness, applied to fin


problems (Chap. 2)

t, T

Absorptivity (Chap. 8)

Accommodation coefficient
(Chap. 7)

Solar altitude angle, deg


(Chap. 8)

Volume coefficient of
expansion, 1/K

Temperature coefficient of
thermal conductivity, 1/ C

cp
cv

Condensate mass flow per unit


depth of plate (Chap. 9)

Hydrodynamic-boundary-layer
thickness

Thermal-boundary-layer
thickness

Heat-exchanger effectiveness

Emissivity

H , M
= t

Velocity

Velocity

Specific volume, usually m3/kg

Velocity

Molecular volume (Chap. 11)

Weight, usually N

# 101675
Cust: McGraw-Hill
Au: Holman
Title: Heat Transfer 10/e
Server:

Pg. No.20

Isentropic exponent,
dimensionless

Temperature

Thermal diffusivity, usually m2/s

Heat generated per unit volume

Rth

Space coordinates in cartesian


system

Eddy diffusivity of heat and


momentum (Chap. 5)
Ratio of
thermal-boundary-layer
thickness to
hydrodynamic-boundary-layer
thickness
Similarity variable, defined
by Eq. (B-6)
Fin efficiency, dimensionless

Angle in spherical or cylindrical


coordinate system

Temperature difference,
T Treference
The reference temperature is
chosen differently for different
systems (see Chaps. 2 to 4)

K/PMS 293
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hol29362_fm

11/6/2008

Confirming Proofs

15:54

List of Symbols

Wavelength
(Chap. 8)

Mean free path


(Chap. 7)

Dynamic
viscosity

Gr =

Kinematic
viscosity, m2/s

Le =
D

Density, usually
kg/m3

Reflectivity
(Chap. 8)

StefanBoltzmann
constant

Shear stress
between fluid
layers

Nu =

hx
k

Average Nusselt
number

cp
k

Pr =

ux

Reynolds number

Re =

Kx
D

Angle in
spherical or
cylindrical
coordinate
system

St =

h
cp u

Stream function

Subscripts

Pg. No.21

Prandtl number
Rayleigh number

h
cp u

# 101675
Cust: McGraw-Hill
Au: Holman
Title: Heat Transfer 10/e
Server:

Peclet number

Ra = Gr Pr

St =

Fourier number

Lewis number
(Chap. 11)

Local Nusselt
number

Sh =

Biot number

Knudsen number

hx
k

aw
hs
k

Fo = 2
s

Graetz number

Nu =

Dimensionless Groups
Bi =

Modified Grashof
number for
constant heat flux

Mach number

Sc =

Transmissivity
(Chap. 8)

Grashof number

u
a

M=

Pe = Re Pr

Surface tension
of liquid-vapor
interface
(Chap. 9)
Time

d
L

Kn =

Frequency of
radiation
(Chap. 8)

Gr = Gr Nu

Gz = Re Pr

g(Tw T )x3
2

Schmidt number
(Chap. 11)
Sherwood
number (Chap. 11)
Stanton number

Average
Stanton number

Adiabatic wall
conditions
Refers to
blackbody
conditions
(Chap. 8)

K/PMS 293
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xxi

hol29362_fm

xxii

11/6/2008

Confirming Proofs

15:54

List of Symbols

Evaluated at bulk conditions

Based on diameter

Evaluated at film conditions

Saturated vapor conditions


(Chap. 9)

Initial or inlet conditions

Based on length of plate

Mean flow conditions

m, n

Denotes nodal positions in


numerical solution
(see Chap. 3, 4)

At specified radial position

# 101675
Cust: McGraw-Hill
Au: Holman
Title: Heat Transfer 10/e
Server:

Pg. No.22

Evaluated at condition of
surroundings

Evaluated at wall conditions

Denotes some local position


with respect to x coordinate

Denotes stagnation flow


conditions (Chap. 5) or some
initial condition at time zero

(Superscript) Properties
evaluated at reference
temperature, given
by Eq. (5-124)

Evaluation at free-stream
conditions

K/PMS 293
Short / Normal / Long

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