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    Lab 114 Darshan Patel

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    Darshan Patel
    The document summarizes a physics lab experiment conducted by Darshan Patel, Linghua Zhu, and group members Sean, Jai, and Nikki. The objective was to study uniform circular motion and verify the expressions for centripetal acceleration and force. They measured the mass, radius, time, and calculated revolutions per second, centripetal force, and percent difference between measured and computed values over five trials. Their results mostly verified the expressions but had error levels from 7-96% due to limitations of measuring instruments and human error applying a constant force. They concluded that while the expressions were mostly verified, real-world conditions introduced error since a perfectly constant velocity and force could not be achieved.

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    Lab 114 Darshan Patel

    Uploaded by

    Darshan Patel
    699 views5 pages
    The document summarizes a physics lab experiment conducted by Darshan Patel, Linghua Zhu, and group members Sean, Jai, and Nikki. The objective was to study uniform circular motion and verify the expressions for centripetal acceleration and force. They measured the mass, radius, time, and calculated revolutions per second, centripetal force, and percent difference between measured and computed values over five trials. Their results mostly verified the expressions but had error levels from 7-96% due to limitations of measuring instruments and human error applying a constant force. They concluded that while the expressions were mostly verified, real-world conditions introduced error since a perfectly constant velocity and force could not be achieved.

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    The document summarizes a physics lab experiment conducted by Darshan Patel, Linghua Zhu, and group members Sean, Jai, and Nikki. The objective was to study uniform circular motion and verify the expressions for centripetal acceleration and force. They measured the mass, radius, time, and calculated revolutions per second, centripetal force, and percent difference between measured and computed values over five trials. Their results mostly verified the expressions but had error levels from 7-96% due to limitations of measuring instruments and human error applying a constant force. They concluded that while the expressions were mostly verified, real-world conditions introduced error since a perfectly constant velocity and force could not be achieved.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    699 views5 pages

    Lab 114 Darshan Patel

    Uploaded by

    Darshan Patel
    The document summarizes a physics lab experiment conducted by Darshan Patel, Linghua Zhu, and group members Sean, Jai, and Nikki. The objective was to study uniform circular motion and verify the expressions for centripetal acceleration and force. They measured the mass, radius, time, and calculated revolutions per second, centripetal force, and percent difference between measured and computed values over five trials. Their results mostly verified the expressions but had error levels from 7-96% due to limitations of measuring instruments and human error applying a constant force. They concluded that while the expressions were mostly verified, real-world conditions introduced error since a perfectly constant velocity and force could not be achieved.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Darshan Patel

    Linghua Zhu
    Group Members : Sean, Jai, Nikki
    Physics Lab 114
    Lab Date: 10/15/15
    I. Objective
    1. To study the motion of a body traveling with constant speed in a circular
    path (uniform circular motion).
    2. To verify the expression for centripetal acceleration and centripetal force.
    II. Theoretical Background
    If a body with mass (m) travels a circular path of radius r around a point (O),
    the body has a linear velocity tangent to the circle at any instant. And
    according to Newtons First Law of motion, the mass will retain this linear
    velocity if it is not acted upon by external forces.
    Net Force = mass * acceleration according to Newtons second Law
    The centripetal acceleration on a mass is equal to the velocity squared
    divided by the radius.
    The acceleration, the direction of which is the direction of the change in
    velocity, is directed towards the point O. The relationship between linear
    velocity v and angular velocity w is given by v=rw = r(2pi*n). n is the
    number of revolutions per second (RPS).
    Ac = rw^2 = 4pi^2*n^2*r
    Fc = 4pi^2*m*n^2*r
    F=kd
    III. Results: Data sheet
    Trial

    Mass

    Radiu

    Time of

    Avera

    RPS

    Force

    Force

    [g]

    50

    ge

    (n)

    Comput

    Measured

    [cm]

    Revolutio

    Time

    [?/s]

    ed

    [N]

    % dif

    ns

    447.9
    5
    452.9
    5
    457.9
    5
    462.9
    5
    467.9
    5

    [s]

    [s]
    40.58
    14.6

    42.88

    [N]

    1.180

    3.595

    7.056

    36.26

    1.379

    4.965

    7.056

    31.72

    1.576

    6.556

    7.056

    7.63%

    29.93

    1.671

    7.451

    7.056

    5.30%

    28.37

    1.762

    8.374

    7.056

    43.69
    38.68
    14.6

    34.83
    35.26
    31.86

    14.6

    31.13

    96.27

    42.38

    %
    42.11
    %

    32.18
    30.13
    14.6

    29.59
    30.07
    28.92

    14.6

    27.81

    28.38
    Counterbalanced by 720g on pulley

    15.74
    %

    Reaction time error +- 0.2 seconds (estimate)


    Radius: ruler +- 0.1 cm
    IV. Results: Calculations
    Average Time Sample Calculation for Trial #1:
    Average = Total Time/Number of Times (40.58+42.88+43.69)s / 3 = 42.38s
    RPS (n) sample calculation For Trial #1:
    50 / average time = 50/42.38s = 1.180/s
    Force Measured (from 720g counterweights) = m*a = .720kg*9.8N = 7.056N
    % diference
    Sample Calculation For Trial #1

    |Theoretical Experimental|/Theoretical * 100% = 3.595-7.056/3.595 * 100%


    = 96.27%

    V. Discussion and Analysis of Results


    1. What is providing the centripetal force on the body of mass m when it
    undergoes the circular motion?
    The centripetal force is caused by the constant speed of the mass
    traveling in the circular path.
    2. Is the expression (eq. 5) for centripetal acceleration verified? Is the
    expression (eq. 6) for centripetal force verified?
    Yes both expressions for centripetal force are verified, but there was
    some error due to real world conditions and limitations on the
    precisions of instruments.
    3. Is it possible for an object to have acceleration when the velocity of the
    object is constant? How about when the speed of the object is
    constant?
    Yes because the acceleration is going towards the central, centripetal
    acceleration. If the speed of the object is constant, then for an object
    to have acceleration is certain.
    4. Consider two people, one at the equator, and another at the North
    Pole. Which has the greatest centripetal acceleration?
    The person standing on an equator has the greatest centripetal
    acceleration because hes closer to the earths center.
    5. Suppose we have two identical balls connected to two identical strings.
    The arrangement is whirled around in a horizontal circle as shown
    below. As it is whirled faster and faster, which string is likely to break
    first?
    The string attached to the ball that has smaller radius is likely to break
    first because the acceleration will be the greater than the ball who has
    larger radius.
    6. The moon constantly accelerates toward the earth, yet it never falls
    into the earth. How can these happen?

    The centripetal acceleration is towards the earth and the velocity is


    not.
    In this experiment, we had some significant error present due to realworld conditions present and the limitations of the precisions of the
    instruments used during the lab. For example, the ruler limited our data to a
    precision of +- 0.1 cm. The reaction time error was +- 0.2 seconds. Our
    percentage of error from Trials 1 to 5 respectively is
    96.27%,42.11%,7.63%,5.30%, and 15.74%. As you can see, some of our
    trials had a great precision of error. Some other factors which could have
    resulted in this would be wind drafts, change in temperature, and
    vibrations/sound waves. These interferences definitely led to our data not
    being equal to the theoretical values. We could have done this experiment
    better if we had used a more accurate method of spinning the object with a
    constant acceleration, since humans do not have an innate ability to produce
    a constant force. If I was to repeat this experiment, I would definitely
    improve upon my mistakes and be able to produce more accurate results. I
    learned how the centripetal acceleration of an object moving in a circular
    motion with a constant acceleration works in an experimental fashion. This
    lab was really helpful as I was also able to calculate the force and test if it
    would be constant or not.
    Conclusions:
    In conclusion, the expression for the centripetal acceleration and
    centripetal force has been mostly verified due to the fact that even though
    the values were not exactly the same as the theoretical, we conducted the
    lab in the manner indicated and experienced some error as it is the real
    world. The reason for having this percent error is the human error and other
    environmental factors. Because the group has to move the object circular,
    they cant apply the constant force, which helps get constant velocity. Since

    the velocity is not going to be constant, the acceleration centripetal


    acceleration is not going to be the same as the calculated one. Since the
    measured acceleration gives you the centripetal force, the calculated force
    wont be the same either.

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