Fragrance Finishes

By: Miss. Priyanka Bolenwar, Miss.
Monali Sheware and

Mr. Sandip Purane
Guided By: Dr. V.K. Joshi
ABSTRACT
Innovations resulting from technological advancements represent

the best strategy for success in the increasingly competitive
textile industry. The fabric production rate is very tremendous and
the market has limited scope which can be multiplied by value
added finishing to textiles like fragrance finish which counts more
value in the current scenario of market. The maintenance and
improvement of current properties and the creation of new
material properties are the most important reasons for the
fictionalization of textiles. Recently, fragrances have become
available that can be readily added on the textiles and after
finishing and fixation; they emit a pleasant fragrance which is
sometimes used as a medicine renowned with the term of
“Aroma-chology”.
Here in this paper we have discussed about the technological

aspects for the incorporation of different scents into fabrics,
leading to the production of scented fabrics with and without
corresponding pigments to modify the response, and the
psychology of acceptance of synthetic scents in textile goods.
The approach is to assess marketing possibilities of incorporating
fragrance into textile material which are commonly used for the
apparel purposes as per consumer willingness.
Keywords: ▪ Fragrance Finish ▪ Aromachology ▪ Pigments ▪

Synthetic scents
INTRODUCTION
Gone are the days when quality product was the only criterion to
eye a product by a consumer. Earlier were the times when sheer
competitiveness in the domestic market was very confined. But,
during some past years with the emergence of globalization,
competitive atmosphere and quality consciousness, has reached
a new mark. With the steady improvement in technology &
application standards, a gradual rise was observed in consumer
demands and to reach up to that mark, manufacturers have to
add something to their products to get market value for their
products. A product must be able to encompass something more
with it & therefore this has taken today’s market to a platform
where it seems very difficult for a manufacturer to market his
product until he satisfy the consumer with something new which
not only rewards him for his novel concept but also lures him with
considerable increase in profit . The role of the textile finisher has
become increasingly demanding, and now requires a careful
balance between the compatibility of different finishing products
and treatments and the application processes used to provide
textiles with desirable properties.
Growing trends and escalating standards leave no stone

unturned to boast the current scenario of textile industry.
Performance with beauty describes the potential of textile
finishing. Fragrance finishing of textiles is one such immaculate
magnanimous entry into any textile culture.
Fragrance finishing of textiles is the process where we enhance

the value of the product by adding some incentives to it. The
world market place is continuously changing and so is demand of
people changing .Every person desires for some change .i.e.
something new & unique. The successful effective
implementation of change has to be done to in the market. We by
the medium of this paper have made an earnest attempt to
present you a detailed comprehensive analysis done by
fragrance finishing and which has busted this industry with
exuberant value added finish with the incorporation of different
scents into fabrics, leading to the production of scented fabrics
and the psychology of acceptance of synthetic scents in textile
goods.
TECHNOLOGY FOR FRAGRANCE FINISHING

(MICROENCAPSULATION)
Microencapsulation is a natural phenomenon and the examples

of ideal microcapsules are found in the nature i.e., spores, seeds,
eggs and pollen etc only a few to mention. Due to numerous
applications of microencapsulation and as a result there are a
number of processes developed to encapsulate a galaxy of
materials to suit the individual applicability. In the broadest sense,
microencapsulation provides a means of packaging, separating
and storing solid and liquid materials in a microscopic scale for a
later release on your own desire under controlled conditions.
The fragrance compound and the essential oil are volatile
substances. The most difficult task in preparing the fragrance
emitting textile is how to prolong its lifetime of Odour. Micro-
encapsulation is an effective technique to solve this.
Microcapsules are minute containers that are normally spherical if
they enclose a liquid or gas, and roughly of the shape of the
enclosed particle if they contain a solid. It can be considered as a
special form of packaging, in that particulate matter can be
individually coated for protection against environment and release
the volatile substance from the enclosed capsule as required.
This property has enabled microcapsules to serve many useful
functions and find applications in different fields of technology.
For example, the storage life of a volatile compound can be
increased markedly by microencapsuling.
The key to aromatic textile is how to make microcapsules of

fragrance com-pounds and essential oils without omitting any
ingredient in order to ensure its effects. In addition, using a low-
temperature polymer binder to attach a perfumed microcapsule to
the surface of the textile is also an important part of preparing an
aromatic textile. At the same time, durability in laundering and a
soft handle should be carefully considered
Why Use Microencapsulation Technology
1. Protection of the enclosed material and improved storage life.

2. Conversion of a liquid component to a dry solid system.
3. Ensuring separation of incompatible components.
4. Odour masking, dust control and pH control
5. Controlled diffusion of active components through the shell as
for example in delayed drug release.
6. Change of weight or volume.
Fragrances and Human Emotions

Representative Odor Categories
• Citrus Lemon (Citral, Citronellal)

• Orange (Mandarin Oil, Decyl acetate)
• Floral Carnation (Phenethyl salicylate)
• Gardenia (Nonyl acetate)
• Geranium(Citronellol)
• Lilac (Anisyl acetate)
• Lily (hydroxycitronellal)
• Rose (Rose absolute)
• Violet (Costus Oil, Methyl-2-nonenoate)
• Fruity Apple (Benzyl acetate)
• Apricot (Allyl butyrate)
• Banana (Amyl acetate)
• Grape (Isobutyl isobutyrate)
• Peach (Allyl butyrate)
• Strawberry (Benzyl benzoate)
• Herbaceous Clove (Eugenyl acetate)
• Minty (l-carveol, l-Carvone, l-Menthol)
• Sweet Anise (Ethyl acetate, Methyl sorbate)
• Cinnamon (Cinnamaldehyde)
• Honey(Allyl phenoxyacetate)
• Sweet (Acetanisole)
• Vanilla (Anisyl acetate)
PREPARATION OF RECIPE
The fragrance with β -cyclodextrin inclusions were formed by

mixture solution containing alcohol and distilled water (1:3). The
solution was emulsified with a high-speed mixer at a speed of
about 10,000 rpm for 5 minutes. The emulsified system was
transferred into a flask. The fragrance alcohol solution was added
into the emulsified solutions over30 minutes, and stirred at a
temperature of 40oC for 2 hours.
In exhaust method, firstly beta cyclodextrin using acrylic acid,

sodium hypophosphite and potassium persuplhate was applied
by exhausting and the fragrance was sprayed by means of spray
gun.
Application
1. Padding Method
o The fabric is padded with above recipe
o Fragrance: 10% of weight of fabric.
o Padding pressure 2kg/cm2
o Dry and cure at 70oC-120°C (1-5 min.)
2. Exhausting
o Prepare the recipe with water up to desired concentration
o Exhaust at 40°C for 20 - 30 min.
o Hydro extract water
o Use Fragrance : 5-10% on weight of fabric
WHY CYCLODEXTRIN?
Although there are many effective approaches to micro-encapsulation for decreasing

fragrance-release, cyclodextrins are the best regarding safety to the human body
because
1. B-cyclodextrin has no skin irritation, no skin sensibilisation and no mutagenic

effect.
2. Cyclodextrins are non-reducing cyclically linked oligosaccharides produced by
certain micro-organisms of cultivated starch, which are capable of forming inclusion
compounds with molecules that fit into their cone-shaped hydrophobic cavity.
3. As a result of the inclusion, the physico-chemical properties of the compounds are
changed, e.g. the vapour pressure of volatile substance is reduced, and stabilities
against light or air are enhanced.
4. On the other hand, the harmful and unpleasant Odour in the surrounding may be
eliminated.
5. Furthermore, cyclodextrins clamped on cellulose do not affect the cellulose’s
properties, and cyclodextrins keep their ability to form inclusion complexes with other
suitable molecules.
1. Thus, cyclodextrins are the first choice in preparing aromatherapy textiles. The
detailed analysis described above allowed us to select the following procedure.
MECHANISIM OF RELEASING
The releasing of the content from the capsules is one of the interesting aspects of the
wall materials. It is dependent directly on the type of wall material used, the no of
layer present around the core and the concentration of the wall material. However
there are three basic mechanisms through which capsule release the content to
outside. These are
• Diffusion
• Enzymatic digestion
• Surface leaching through chemicals
Diffusion:
It is a purely physical process, which takes place when the capsule content (active
drug) is sufficiently soluble in water and body fluids, and the wall material is insoluble
but permeable. This process could also be called dialytic. Diffusible drugs, the rate
and pattern can be adjusted to accommodate specific requirements by modifying the
composition and thickness of the wall material.
Enzymatic digestion:
It is a biochemical process, whereby the wall material is attacked and disintegrated

with specific enzymes to release the content from the capsule.
Surface leaching through chemicals:
It is purely chemical process which is chosen according to wall material to dissolve

the wall material through chemical reaction and release the core material to the
outside for the application.
Applications
» Cosmeto-textiles
Microencapsulated skin moisturizers, vitamins and provitamins are applied in

garments and known as cosmeto-textiles, designed for wear in contact with skin.
These are claimed to promote a younger look, counteracting the effects of skin
ageing, e.g. as a result of exposure to UV-radiation. There are also
microencapsulated preparations for skin cooling.
» Aromatherapy Textiles
The uses of aromatherapy textile are diverse. Interior textiles such as sheets, quilt-
covers, curtains, carpets and bed-gowns are suitable for the attachment of lavender,
camomile, citrus or cinnamon microcapsules, which are good for hypnogenesis and
eliminating fatigue. Patients suffering high blood pressure feel sedation when they
use a pillow made of fabric treated with lavender, basil, and lemon or fennel
microcapsules. The tired office clerk wearing clothing with a scent of lemon rose, or
jasmine oil may find his work efficiency improved. Meanwhile, it is convenient for
dermatitis sufferers to be cured with the aid of underwear containing killing gem
fabric. Perfumed toys make it easier for children to get closer to nature. Generally
speaking, varied per-fume fabrics create good opportunities for customers to make
the ‘cocooning’ environment they prefer to live in
» Home Textiles
In other areas, household textiles such as curtains, sofas, cushions, sheets, as well
as apparel items such as gloves, socks and ties may also be treated with
microencapsulated fragrance and deodorizing finishes. The carpets can be finished
with fragrances of different kinds and can be widely used in home textiles as well as
automotive textiles.
» Sport Wears
As the ‘second skin’ of the human body, all types of textile are excellent media for
transferring fragrance compounds, and are essential to people in sport according to
their preference for them. The type of the fragrance necessary for sports wear may
be orange, lemon which will keep them energized on the ground for longer period.
» Apparel
The scents of lavender, rose, citrus or vanilla were encapsulated into fabrics, which
proved a good way to meet important psychological and emotional needs, as well as
those of a purely physical and sensorial nature. Thus the fabrics finished with above
fragrances can be used in apparels, leisure wear, daily wears, party wears etc.
CONCLUSION
The creation of value added fabrics not only represents an academic advance in the
textile industry, but will also bring convenience to our lives. The fragrance finished
textiles are very new in the current market and they have gained the much more
importance in day to day life. The above stated applications give us further
encouragement to explore fragrant fabrics by microencapsulation. It avoids
technological difficulties and enables the manufacture of fragrance finished products
to be done significantly, less ex-pensively. The growth of the athletic apparel product
category and the extension of intimate apparel into every-day “body wear” offer new
opportunities for applying this technology to a fabric in the finishing stage.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
A. www.world-texile.net
B. www.maxxperforn.Com
C. www.particlescience.Com

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By: Miss. Priyanka Bolenwar, Miss.

Monali Sheware and

Guided By: Dr. V.K. Joshi

Innovations resulting from technological advancements represent

Here in this paper we have discussed about the technological

Keywords: ▪ Fragrance Finish ▪ Aromachology ▪ Pigments ▪

Growing trends and escalating standards leave no stone

Fragrance finishing of textiles is the process where we enhance

TECHNOLOGY FOR FRAGRANCE FINISHING

Microencapsulation is a natural phenomenon and the examples

The key to aromatic textile is how to make microcapsules of

Why Use Microencapsulation Technology

1. Protection of the enclosed material and improved storage life.

Fragrances and Human Emotions

• Citrus Lemon (Citral, Citronellal)

The fragrance with β -cyclodextrin inclusions were formed by

In exhaust method, firstly beta cyclodextrin using acrylic acid,

Although there are many effective approaches to micro-encapsulation for decreasing

1. B-cyclodextrin has no skin irritation, no skin sensibilisation and no mutagenic

It is a biochemical process, whereby the wall material is attacked and disintegrated

Surface leaching through chemicals:

It is purely chemical process which is chosen according to wall material to dissolve

Microencapsulated skin moisturizers, vitamins and provitamins are applied in

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