Hydroworld20151112 DL

November-December 2015
Hydro Review Worldwide
PUMP UP
THE POWER
HOW NEW RENEWABLES ARE DRIVING GLOBAL PUMPED-STORAGE INVESTMENT
Stay
Current
04
EL NINO IMPACT
EXPLORED
1511hrw_C1 1
16
ACT ON THE
RIGHT ALARM
20
EXECUTIVE INTERVIEW:
ALSTOM'S OUTLOOK
24
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Volume 23, No. 6 November-December 2015
CONTENTS
10
PUMPED STORAGE
10
Pumped Storage Hydropower Round-up

By David Appelyard
In this snapshot of global pumped hydropower development, it is

evident that the technology is attracting significant investment. The
benefits pumped storage capacity has to offer are such that its value is
soaring, with even smaller developments attracting interest.
ARTICLES
16
DEPARTMENTS
2 Viewpoint:
Hydro: Giant among Its Peers
4 World News
28 Tech Notes
30 Dams & Civil Structures
31 Small Hydro
32 Marine Hydrokinetics
36 Index to Advertisers
Creating Smarter Control Systems

with Trip Multiply Functionality
By Ryszard Nowicki
By providing better monitoring with regard to turbine-generator

conditions, operators can save time by eliminating unnecessary
alarms over the course of normal unit operation.
20
24
From the Board Room: Maryse Franois-Xausa, Alstom

By Elizabeth Ingram
As a global hydroelectric power industry equipment provider, Alstom

is well-situated to understand the challenges and issues facing this
industry. Maryse Franois-Xausa discusses future development potential and where governments need to be investing their money.
Asset Management is Key to Operations
for Landsvirkjun in Iceland
By Unnur M. Thorvaldsdottir and Boudewijn Neijens
With an average service age of 40 years for company power stations,

and the oldest approaching 80, Landsvirkjun in Iceland needed to
improve its asset management practices.
4
ADVISORY BOARD
H. Irfan Aker
Dolsar Engineering Co.,
Turkey
Emmanuel Antwi-Darkwa
ETAD Consult Ltd., Ghana
Enrique Cifres
eWATER Consultant SL,
Spain
Ian M. Cook
ICCL, United Kingdom
Jean-Louis Drommi
Electricite de France,
France
Maryse Francois-Xausa
Alstom Renewable Power
Hydro, France
Roger Gill
Sustena Partners,
Australia
20
www.hydroworld.com
1511hrw_1 1
24
Fernando de Menezes
e Silva
Itaipu Binacional, Brazil
Peter Mulvihill
Pioneer Generation,
New Zealand
Kanchit Ngamsanroaj
Electricity Generating
Authority of Thailand,
Thailand
Christian Dalosto Pase
Tractebel Energia, Brazil
Doan Ke Ruan
Power Engineering Consulting Company, Vietnam
Leon Tromp
Lesotho Highlands Water
Commission, Lesotho
Christine van Oldeneel
Hydro Equipment Association, Belgium
C.V.J. Varma
Council of Power Utilities
and The Dams Society,
India
Raghunath Gopal
(R.G.) Vartak
Consultant, India
Luis C. Vintimilla
Consulting Engineer,
Ecuador
James Yang, PhD
Vattenfall Research and
Development AB, Sweden
November-December 2015 / HRW 1
11/11/15 11:51 AM
VIEWPOINT
Hydropower: A Giant among

Its Renewable Energy Peers
Publisher Marla Barnes

+1 918 832 9353 marlab@pennwell.com
Chief Editor David Appleyard
+44 1992 656659 davida@pennwell.com
Managing Editor Elizabeth Ingram
+1 816 214 5629 elizabethi@pennwell.com
Editor Michael Harris
+1 918 832 9363 michaelh@pennwell.com
In the run-up to the vital Conference of the Parties (COP 21) climate
change talks taking place in Paris and starting later this month, the UKs
Met Office has issued a report revealing that global temperatures this
year are already set to rise by more than 1o C above pre-industrial levels.
This is more than half way towards the 2.0o C limit seen as critical in
the fight against global warming.
Associate Editor Gregory B. Poindexter

+1 918 832 9330 gregp@pennwell.com
Production Manager Daniel Greene
+1 918 831 9401 danielg@pennwell.com
Graphic Designer Kermit Mulkins
+1 918 831 9554 kermitm@pennwell.com
Audience Development Manager Emily Martin
V.P. of Audience Development & Marketing June Griffin
Production Director Charlie Cole
Although there is evidence this average temperature change has been
enhanced by this years strong El Nino, as Stephen Belcher, director

of the Met Office Hadley Centre, explains: Its clear that it is human influence driving our
modern climate into uncharted territory.
The Met Office report comes on the heels of a new Technology Roadmap from the Hydro
Equipment Association (HEA), which presents the merits of hydro and the services it provides
to the energy system.
Hydropower, the worlds leading source of renewable energy, can not only help free a nation
from fuel imports but, because it is storable and flexible, can also play a key role in integrating
other variable renewable energy sources, such as wind and solar, into national electrical grids,
says HEA. Indeed, among its recommendations for policy makers, the trade group says that
hydropower should be rewarded for the full value of the ancillary services it can provide, for
example its fast reaction time or its ability to provide voltage control. Remuneration of these
services would improve the business case for new hydro investment, HEA argues.
The report also makes clear that the improvement of computer tools remains a topic of intense
research and likely further improvements in efficiency for hydropower techology. Among those
areas being modelled are turbulence models; pressure pulsation; rotating stall; and dynamic
behaviour and resonance between the various systems.
www.pennwell.com
HRW Hydro Review Worldwide
PennWell Corp.
PennWell Global Energy Group
The Water Tower, Gunpowder Mill,
Powermill Lane, Waltham Abbey,
Essex, EN9 1BN, UK
Telephone: +44 1992 656 600
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World Wide Web: http://www.hydroworld.com
Sales Manager:
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+44 1992 656641 sophiap@pennwell.com
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Marketing Solutions Vice President: Paul Andrews
240.595.2352 pandrews@pennwell.com
Chairman Robert F. Biolchini
Vice Chairman Frank T. Lauinger
President and Chief Executive Officer Mark C. Wilmoth
Executive Vice President,
Corporate Development and Strategy Jayne A. Gilsinger
Senior Vice President,
Finance and Chief Financial Officer Brian Conway
Perhaps most significant though are the latest estimates for hydropowers technical
potential. Excluding pumped storage, HEA estimates a potential of around 4,400 GW

worldwide, of which close to 1,100 GW has been installed to date - leaving some 75% of
the total technical potential available for development and still more energy production given
Subscriber Customer Service

PO Box 3264, Northbrook, IL 60065-3264, USA
Customer Service Phone: 1-847-763-9540
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projected efficiency improvements.

As the need for a clean energy system for the future becomes steadily more evident, the role
Reprints Rhonda Brown

+1 866 879 9144 pennwellreprints@fosterprinting.com
that hydropower can play, not just in primary generation but also in facilitating other forms of
renewables, becomes ever more clearly defined, as does its vast potential. Hydropower is indeed
a giant among its peers. As Dr. Roland Mnch, President of HEA, says: Mature yet modern,
proven yet innovative, established yet full of potential, this is hydropower as we know it.
Chief Editor
The views expressed by contributing authors are those of the individuals

concerned and do not necessarily reflect those of HRW or the publishers.
HRW (ISSN 1072-9542) is published six times in January, March, May, July,
September, and November by PennWell Global Energy Group, The Water
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11/11/15 11:51 AM
Voith electries water

Water is essential for life. It provides
both vitality as well as enormous potential for generating energy. Hydropower
is the most important of the renewables
when it comes to electricity generation
and, moreover, represents the lions
share of energy storage capacities
worldwide: Pumped storage plants,
serving as huge batteries, indispensably contribute to further expansion of
renewable energy sources around the
world and thus to limiting climate
change.
Voith is also a reliable and experienced

partner for modernization projects, replacing and enhancing components to
improve the efciency of existing hydropower plants.
With more than 140 years experience in
the eld of hydropower and high annual
spending for research and development, Voith Hydro is well equipped to
continue delivering excellence in hydropower in the years to come.
www.voith.com
A Voith and Siemens Company
1511hrw_3 3
11/11/15 11:51 AM
winter and spring precipitation by more than a
INDONESIA
Consortium selected to build

Upper Cisokan pumped-storage
quarter. Lower precipitation amounts occurred

in the north and east, but overall, September
was the third driest September on record. The
bureau thinks the remainder of the year will
be warmer and drier than normal, which it

partly attributes to this years El Nino.
An international consortium has been selected to build the 1,040 MW Upper Cisokan
USA: Temperature and precipitation
pumped-storage hydropower plant in Indonesias West Java province. Led by South
impacts from El Nino will likely be seen
Korean builder Daelim Industrial Co., the group also includes Italian construction
during the next few months, according to
firm Astaldi SpA and Indonesias Wijaya Karya (WIKA). The deal is worth about
the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
US$323 million.
Administration. Outlooks favor below-average
The project is being developed by Indonesian utility PT PLN Persero. It will
temperatures and above-median precipitation
consist of an underground powerhouse containing four 260 MW reversible Francis
across the southern USA, and above-average
pump-turbines, two roller-compacted-concrete dams impounding upper and lower
temperatures and below-median precipitation
reservoirs, and transmission lines connecting with the Java-Bali power system.
over the northern part of the country.
Financing is coming in large part from the World Bank, whichapproved a
US$640 million loanto assist with the development of Upper Cisokan in 2011.
MEXICO
News on further hydro,
WORLDWIDE
effects of Hurricane Patricia

eastern Indian Ocean, and vice versa.
Canadas Innergex Renewable Energy and
El Nino causes drought here and
Effects in different countries include:
Mexicos Comision Federal de Electricidad
heavy rain there
Indonesia: Drought affecting its south-
have signed a memorandum of understanding
Weather patterns associated with El Nino,
ern regions is being attributed to El Nino,
to study renewable energy project opportuni-
combined with Southern Oscillation an
according to local reports. Drinking water
ties in Mexico, including hydropower.
irregularly periodical climate change are
wells in Wonigiri, central Java, are dry after no
The main purpose of the agreement
causing interesting effects across the globe.
rain for nearly six months. The western mon-
signed on Oct. 13 is to coordinate efforts
In an El Nino-Southern Oscillation event,
soon rains, which normally occur December to
and develop activities allowing Innergex and
El Nino represents the oceanic property in
March, are expected to start two months later.
CFE to define their joint participation in
which sea surface temperatures are the main
Vietnam: According to Nguyen Van
the development of prospective renewable
factor and Southern Oscillation refers to
Dam, director of the Ho Chi Minh City
energy projects, particularly hydro plants with
the atmospheric component. The Southern
Irrigation Service, Low rainfall as an impact
a capacity of less than 200 MW.
Oscillation is a seesaw of atmospheric pressure
of El Nino has significantly lowered the water
Innergex develops, owns and operates
between the eastern equatorial Pacific and
level of Dau Tieng Reservoir. Dau Tieng
run-of-river hydro facilities, wind farms and
IndoAustralian areas closely linked with El
Dam impounds the Saigon River in southern
solar photovoltaic farms in Quebec, Ontario
Nino, according to the National Drought
Vietnam, creating the 1.58 billion m3 capacity
and British Columbia in Canada and Idaho
Mitigation Center in Lincoln, Neb., USA.
reservoir. The rainy season is predicted to
in the USA. Its total portfolio has a capacity
During an El NinoSouthern Oscillation
end one month earlier than in previous years
of 687 MW and includes 26 hydro facilities.
(ENSO) event, the Southern Oscillation is
and this will exacerbate the problem, he said.
CFE is a government enterprise that produces
reversed. Generally, when pressure is high over
Australia: The Australian Bureau of
and distributes electricity for more than 38.5
the Pacific Ocean, it tends to be low in the
Meteorology said past El Nino years have cut
1511hrw_4 4
million customers.
www.hydroworld.com
11/11/15 11:51 AM
1511hrw_5 5
11/11/15 11:51 AM
WORLD NEWS
Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corp. (SMBC)
USA
is issuing $500 million through the sale of
Comment period begins for EPAs

controversial Clean Power Plan
green bonds. It is the first Japanese entity to
issue green bonds in dollar form, according to

a report from Finance Asia. The Development
Bank of Japan was the first Japanese green

bond issuer, which raised 250 million ($316
The Environmental Protection Agencys Clean Power Plan was published in the Federal
million) through a euro-denominated three-
Register Oct. 23, marking the beginning of a 90-day comment period and likely opening
year bond in September 2014, the report said.
the door for a round of lawsuits from those opposing the controversial document.
SMBC said the five-year bonds will carry
The plan unveiled by President Barack Obama and the EPA in August is
a 2.45% coupon rate. The organization said,
designed to reduce carbon emissions in the USA by more than 30% from 2005 levels
Through this issuance of green bonds, we
by 2030. The plan sets emissions reductions goals for fossil fuel generating plants and
expect to obtain funding from investors with
will require individual states to establish plans for reducing their own emissions by
a strong interest in the environment and soci-
September 2016. States must then comply with their own mandates by 2022.
ety in order to finance environment-related
EPA said the plan is a necessary response to alarming trends regarding global
business where further growth is expected.
climate change, with 14 of the 15 warmest years on record having occurred since 2000.
According to SMBC, it will issue the
The Clean Power Plan was met with near-immediate opposition from 16 states,
dollar-denominated debt with the funds
led by West Virginia, which argued that the program unlawfully exploits Section
allocated for financing renewable-energy
111(d) of the Clean Air Act in a letter dated Aug. 5. The state of Colorado announced
projects. Funds from this issue could help
in September it too would file suit against the plan once the plan was published in
finance other hydroelectric projects.
the Federal Register.

The Clean Power Plan is available at http://1.usa.gov/1Q5ld7b.
GERMANY
Alstom wins contract for second unit
rehab at Markersbach pumped-storage
Regarding Hurricane Patricia, in late
the 136 MW Nuble hydro plant in Chile.
Alstom has received an order from Vattenfall
October Servicio Meteorolgico Nacional
Puntilla cited differences between the two
Europe Generation AG to overhaul a
(SMN), Mexicos national weather service,
firms with regard to the contract, in a securities
synchronous generator at the 1,050 MW
forecast heavy rain in Chiapas, Mexico,
filing. The contract, reportedly valued at $257
Markersbach pumped-storage plant on
home to the 2,400-MW Manuel Moreno
million, involves construction of the intake,
Germanys Mittweida River.
Torres facility at Chicoasen Dam. CFE owns
penstock, powerhouse and other works nec-
Chicoasen Dam, which impounds the Grijalva
essary for the plants commissioning.
River, creating the Chicoasen Reservoir that

has 1.3 million acre-feet of capacity.
Puntilla will be seeking a new company to

take over construction of the US$350 million
The work calls for Alstom to deliver a new

stator, bearings, bearing bracket and starting
motor, in addition to disassembly, reassembly
and commissioning services.
But there were no reports of unusual
run-of-river plant, on the Nuble River in
The contract is the second such contract
activity at the facility with regard to precip-
central-southern Biobio region. The project
for Alstom, which was offered the first in
itation in the dams catchment as a result of
is expected to generate 620 GWh of electricity
August 2014. The company said a contractual
Hurricane Patricia. Patricia is the Category 5
annually. The plants estimated startup date
storm system SMN forecast to produce a total
has been extended to May 2018 from 2017.
rainfall accumulation of 6 to 12 in.

Mexico had 11,632 MW of hydro capacity
in 2013.
The Andritz Group was awarded a
US$57.4 million contract in February 2015

to supply equipment for the project.
CHILE
JAPAN
Construction contract terminated for
Green bond market could affect
At the Markersbach pumped-storage facil-
136 MW Nuble hydro plant
hydro project investment
ity, the generators in the powerhouse are
A contract between Electrica Puntilla and Vial
Japan, the third-largest global bond player,
being overhauled due to reaching the end of
y Vives-DSD has been terminated, meaning
is using green bonds to have an effect on
their service lives. The plant was commis-
Vial y Vives-DSD will no longer be building
renewable energy that will likely include hydro.
sioned in 1979.
1511hrw_6 6
www.hydroworld.com
11/11/15 11:51 AM
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11/11/15 11:51 AM
WORLD NEWS
powerhouse on the left abutment.
RUSSIA
The facility is about 94 miles downstream
RusHydros commissions
Gotsatlinskaya, continues
upgrade on Zhigulevskaya
of the powerhouse for 420 MW Gilgel Gibe
II and is the third plant on the Gibe-Omo
hydroelectric cascade. The 184 MW Gilgel

Gibe project is also upstream of Gibe III.
In addition to the first three facilities, the
Ethiopian government said plans to build

two additional facilities on the Omo River
In early October, RusHydro commissioned the 100 MW Gotsatlinskaya project on
1,450 MW Gibe IV and 660 MW Gibe V.
the Avarskoye Koisu River in Dagestan. The project also has been permitted to sell
High-voltage transmission lines are being
electricity to the wholesale market.
constructed from Wolyta Sodo, Ethiopia, to
Work on the project, developed by RusHydros wholly-owned subsidiary JSC Sulak
the Suswa substation near Naivasha, Kenya,
Hydrocascade, began in January 2007. The plant includes a 69 m-tall rockfill dam,
and the project should be complete by 2018.
491 m-long spillway tunnel, water intake, conduit, 453 m-long construction tunnel,
turbine building, bypass canal and two 50 MW Francis turbine-generator units.
HydroWorld.com reported in October 2006 that UES hydropower subsidiary

HydroOGK hadallocated US$9 million to finance workon the project. The plant
Gibe III is expected to supply about half

of its electricity to Ethiopia, with 500 MW
being exported to Kenya, 200 MW to Sudan
and 200 MW to Djibouti.
is intended to help reduce regional power shortages which, according to RusHydro,
TIBET
amounted to 1.8 TWh in 2014.
In addition, upgrades at the 2,300-MW Zhigulevskaya plant on the Volga River continue
510 MW Zangmu facility is online
as 14 of the projects 20 turbine-generator units have now been replaced. Rehabilitation of
At more than 10,800 feet above sea level, the
the plant is part of the Russian utilitys comprehensive modernization program.
510 MW Zangmu Hydropower Station
The newest five-bladed turbine, manufactured by OJSC Power Machines, was designed
the largest in Tibet and one of the highest
for a higher water flow rate. Components within the generator and new control, vibration
elevation hydroelectric facilities in the world
monitoring and diagnostic systems have also been provided. When complete in 2018,
is fully operational. Constructed at a cost
the renovation will increase Zhigulevskayas capacity to about 2,488 MW.
of US$1.5 billion, the facility is located in

Gyaca County, Shannan Prefecture on the
Yarlung Zangbo River (Brahmaputra River)

that flows into India and Bangladesh.
According to China Gezhouba Group, the
facilitys contractor, structures include:
Concrete gravity dam 381 feet high

and 1,276 feet long;
Upgrade work is ongoing at RusHydros Zhigulevskaya facility, with 14 of the 20
units having been replaced to date. When work on all is complete, plant capacity
Spillway, plunge pool and bottom
outlet on the right bank;

Retaining dam section 262 feet in
will have grown by 188 MW.
height on the left bank;
70,208 acre-feet reservoir at 10,860 ft

option covers the overhaul of Markersbachs
ETHIOPIA
above sea level; and
four remaining generators at a rate of one
Power generation begins at
unit per year. Work from the first contract
1,870 MW Gibe III project
is expected to be completed in the coming
On the lower course of the Omo River and
It will alleviate the electricity shortage in
spring, with the second contract to be finished
built at a cost of US$1.8 billion, the 1,870
central Tibet and empower the development
by February 2017.
Powerhouse that has six 85 MW
Francis turbine-generators.
MW Gibe III hydropower project has begun
of the electricity-strapped region. It is also
Markersbach was commissioned in 1979.
generating electricity. Gibe III consists of a
an important energy base in central Tibet,
Alstom said the rehabilitation project is neces-
roller-compacted-concrete dam 797 ft high;
the company said.
sary due to a number of machine components
a reservoir that has the potential to hold
reaching the end of their service lives.
14,700 million m3 of water; and a 10-unit
1511hrw_8 8
The facility is about 200 miles south of

Lhasa, Tibets capital city.
www.hydroworld.com
11/11/15 11:51 AM
The people of Pakistan are

proactively solving their energy
needs with the creation of the 969
MW Neelum-Jhelum Hydropower
Project in the hills of Kashmir. For
over 50 years, MWH has been
pairing with the government
of Pakistan to find sustainable
energy sources for the nation
and is committed to their energy
independence.
RENEWABLE
ENERGY
SERVICES:
PLANNING AND PERMITTING

PRELIMINARY AND DETAILED DESIGN
CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT
PROGRAM MANAGEMENT
ENERGY.Independence
mwhglobal.com/energy
1511hrw_9 9
11/11/15 11:51 AM
PUMPED STOR AGE
Pumped storage hydropower round-up

The benefits pumped storage has to offer are such that its value is soaring
as energy systems move toward cleaner forms of electricity generation.
Pumped hydro is consequently attracting significant global investment.
By David Appleyard
n May this year the International
build and refurbishment and replacement of
11 hydro projects including Markersbach.
Hydropower Association (IHA) released
electromechanicals and uprating civils.
Most recently, Vattenfall sought bids to
its 2015 Key Trends in Hydropower report,
For example, global technology manufac-
showing that 1.46 GW of new pumped stor-
turer Alstom recently received an order from
age capacity was put into operation in 2014.
Vattenfall Europe Generation AG for the
Elsewhere in Germany, March saw a unit
upgrade and repair pump-turbines and other

equipment in March 2014.
It is clear that the advantages of pumped
overhaul of a synchronous generator at the
of European utility Statkraft invite applica-
hydro in terms of voltage and frequency
1,050 MW Markersbach pumped-storage
tions to expand the water storage capacity of
regulation of the grid and reserve capacity
plant on Germanys Mittweida River.
the 200 MW Erzhausen Pumped-Storage
capabilities make the technology increas-
A contractual option covers the overhaul
ingly attractive, particularly in the face of
of Markersbachs four remaining generators
the increasing influence of variable output
at a rate of one unit per year.
renewables such as wind and solar.

The IHA says in Europe, pumped storage
continues to be a focus, with new facilities

totalling 8,600 MW in the planning and
construction stages.
project in Germany, built in 1964.

Work would involve the crest of the ring
dam and intake structure of the upper reser-
Markersbach was commissioned in 1979
voir, the overflow threshold at the pumping
and is the second-largest pumped-storage
station and the water side embankment slope
project in Germany.
of the lower reservoirs main dam.
Vattenfall Europe Generation, the
In 2014, Voith announced that it had been
German unit of Sweden-based Vattenfall AB,
awarded a contract by E.ON Kraftwerke
Developments in variable-speed technol-
has performed numerous modifications to
GmbH involving the replacement, assembly
ogy are expected to be a key component of
Markersbach since it was put into operation.
and commissioning of the stator and rotor
this new capacity, the IHA adds.
In 2013, it took bids to expand the upper
of the generator in unit 6 at the Waldeck
Europe is pushing forward with a swathe
and lower reservoirs of the project. In 2012,
2 pumped storage power plant, in North
of new pumped storage projects with new
the utility took bids for concrete work at
Hesse, Germany. The contract includes an

option for the modernization of a further
machine. Construction of the original power
plant took place in 1970.
The project should ensure an increase of
about 10% in efficiency of the machine unit.
This year Voith has also been commissioned to modernize four motor-generators at
the 1,290 MW Vianden pumped storage plant

in Luxemburg. The project includes design,
construction and installation of four rotors.

Vianden is located close to the border
between with Germany and feeds directly
into the German power network. The plant is

owned by Societ Electrique de lOur S.A. and
A swathe of new pumped storage development is underway. Source: Vattenfall.

1511hrw_10 10
is marketed and used by RWE Generation.

www.hydroworld.com
11/11/15 11:51 AM
The plant was first set into operation in 1964. After expansions in 1976
and 2014, the total installed pump capacity is 1045 MW.
Germanys pumped-storage power plants have a combined capacity
of about 7 GW, but a recent study by the Rheinisch-Westflische
Technische Hochschule (RWTH) Aachen University and Voith indicates there is potential to add to nearly 24 GW of new pumped-storage
capacity in the states of Baden-Wrttemberg and Thuringia.
Dr. Andreas Schfer, chief engineer at the Institute for Electric

Plants and Energy at RWTH Aachen, commented: Pumped-storage
plants would offer important systems services, especially for control
reserves, but also for the provision of secured outputs. In this way,
pumped-storage systems can make a contribution to the success of
the energy transition.
The study shows that with a 60% share of renewables, about 2 TWh
Refurbishment of pumped storage can significantly increase capacity.

Source: Vattenfall.
of renewable electricity can be additionally utilized if pump storage

capacity in Germany is increased to a total capacity of 15 GW.
delivery of a spherical valve to be installed at the 383 MW Frades 2
Stephan Kohler, Chairman of the Board of Deutsche Energie-
pumped-storage hydro plant. The 170 tonne component is one of two
Agentur (dena), argues that more should be done to recognise the
that will control flows through the Frades 2 plants pair of reversible
ancillary services potential of pumped hydro: Pumped storage power
pump turbines on the left bank of the Cavado River.
plants should be given first priority, because they are the only existing
industrial-scale power storage systems and, beyond that, also make
The Americas
many valuable contributions to the power grid. We have to adapt
Although only Argentina is the only South American country to have
the framework conditions in such a way, that this added value is also
installed significant pump storage capacity to date, the technology
adequately remunerated.
is certainly under consideration. In a novel application, for example,
In neighbouring Austria, this year saw the civil engineering contract

for a new 940 MW pumped-storage plant.
proposals have been put forward that would see a 600 MW solar plant
coupled with a 300 MW pump-storage facility in Chile. According
Pumpspeicherkraftwerk Koralm GmbH has selected ILF Consulting
to the proposals from developer Valhalla Energy and submitted to
Engineers and AF-Consult to provide engineering services for the
Chiles environmental regulatory authorities (Servicio de Evaluacin
Koralm project in Austria.
Ambiental, SEIA), the hydroelectric pumped-storageplant set for the
The Koralm plant will include an upper and lower reservoir, headrace,
penstock and tailrace, surge tank, cavern powerhouse and access tunnel,
transmission line and switchyard. The plant is expected to have a head
of about 650 m and will the largest hydroelectric plant in Austria upon
its completion.
northern Tarapaca region will use seawater.

The so-called Mirror of Tarapaca project is expected to require an
investment of some US$1 billion.
While South America has seen very limited pumped-storage development to date, North America is on a roll, with a raft of announcements
Austria is also home to the new Ober-vermuntwerk II and Rellswerk
suggestive of a buoyant market for additional pumped storage capacity.
pumped storage projects, which are located in Montafon, Vorarlberg.
In September, for example, GB Energy Park LLC and Alstom
Voith will supply the energy provider Vorarlberger Ill-werke AG with
announced an agreement for equipment supply for the 400 MW
two pumps and a pump turbine for the two projects under the terms
Gordon Butte project.
of a contract announced in December 2014. The Obervermuntwerk II
A closed-loop pumped storage facility in south central Montana, it
pumped-storage power plant is being constructed between the Silvretta
will consist of upper and lower reservoirs connected by an underground
and Vermunt reservoirs at an altitude of around 1700 m.
concrete and steel-lined hydraulic shaft. The head between the two
For the Obervermuntwerk II, Voith is to supply, assemble and
reservoirs if 1,025 feet. The powerhouse will contain four pump-turbine
commission two 170 MW storage pumps. For the new Rellswerk
units with total installed capacity of 400 MW and expected annual
project, Voith Hydro will supply a 13 MW, 3-stage pump turbine.
energy generation of 1,300 GWh.
Over in Portugal EDP Gesto da Produo de Energia, S.A.,
This followed news that San Diego is to pursue a two-year, $900,000
awarded an ANDRITZ HYDRO-led consortium an order for the
study of the proposed San Vicente pumped-storage hydropower project
supply and erection of the complete electromechanical equipment for
that would involve the construction of a 240 to 500 MW hydroelectric
the pumped storage project Foz Tua.
plant using the existing San Vicente Dam and reservoir.
The contract includes two reversible pump turbines of 120 MW
This year also saw United Power Corp. file an application to study
each and the station will be erected on the river Tua, a tributary of the
development of the 30 MW South Maui Pumped-Storage project on
Douro River in the north of Portugal.
the south coast of Maui Island, Hawaii. This project would also use
Portuguese pumped storage also got a boost in 2015 with the

www.hydroworld.com
1511hrw_11 11
seawater from the Pacific Ocean.

11/11/15 11:51 AM
The proposed project includes an upper

reservoir composed of four concrete storage
The project is expected to have a capacity

of up to 1,300 MW.
include the 1,000 MW Drakensberg in the

mountains of the Northern Drakensberg of
KwaZulu Natal and the 400 MW Palmiet,
tanks and a powerhouse containing three 10

MW variable-speed pumps and two 15 MW
Africas pumped hydro ambitions
2 km upstream of Kogelberg Dam on the
variable-speed Pelton turbine-generators.
Although a vast tranche of Africas con-
Palmiet River near Cape Town.
Estimated annual generation is 5.2 GWh.
ventional hydropower potential has yet to
A third pumped-storage site, the
be developed, pumped storage projects are
1,332 MW Ingula project, is being con-
nonetheless underway.
structed 55 km from Ladysmith, within the
And, in a recent development, an affiliate

of Eagle Crest Energy has agreed to buy the
Kaiser Eagle Mountain mine near Desert
In South Africa, incumbent utility Eskom
Drakensberg range, on the border between
Center, California, as part of a plan to create
is increasing its pumped storage capacity with
the Free State and KwaZulu-Natal provinces.
a new pumped storage hydropower plant from
a new project set to be commissioned this year.
The scheme is being built on a 9,000 ha site
two of the iron ore mines vacant pits.
Eskoms operational pumped-storage schemes
at a cost of RND8.9 billion.

Development of the pumped storage scheme was first proposed in 2002.
PRODUCTS
Construction encompasses two dams for the

upper and lower reservoirs; a powerhouse, two
BUILT ON
tunnels, access roads and transmission lines.

The underground powerhouse contains four
EXPERTISE
333 MW pump turbines.

And, in July this year, the Lesotho
Highlands Development Authority (LHDA)
RELATIONSHIPS BUILT ON
TRUST
issued a tender call for economic studies and

development arrangements for the 1200 MW
Kobong Pumped-Storage project.

South Africas Cabinet agreed in 2008
to invest US$712 million in the Lesotho
Highlands Water Project (LHWP) Phase
2, which includes construction of Kobong

Pumped-Storage project, Polihali Dam as
upper reservoir for Kobong, a Polihali-Katse
transfer tunnel, roads and associated environmental and social programs.
A contract was recently awarded to Maleka,

Ntshihlele, Putsoa Joint Venture for 8 million
maloti (US$648,397) for demarcation of
Polihali Reservoir.
Asia expands PS projects
Asia, too, is seeing its share of development.
Recently, a consortium led by South Korean
Wh
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builder Daelim Industrial Co., was selected to
build the 1040 MW Upper Cisokan pumped
storage hydropower plant in Indonesias West

Java province.
The consortium also includes Italian con-
struction firm Astaldi SpA and Indonesias

Wijaya Karya (WIKA). Being developed on
behalf of Indonesian utility PLN, the deal is
worth about US$323 million.
Financing for the project is coming in large

part from the World Bank.
1511hrw_12 12
In July, Nepal advanced the development

www.hydroworld.com
11/11/15 11:51 AM
1511hrw_13 13
11/11/15 11:51 AM
of its first pumped storage hydro project, as
pumped-storage hydropower plant, proposed
including pump turbines, motor generators
Tanahu Hydropower Ltd awarded contracts
for construction in North Queensland,
and other equipment.
to engineering firm Lahmeyer International
Australia, at the site of the Kidston Gold
GmbH and sub-consultant Manitoba
Mine. The project includes two large adjacent
Outlook for pumped storage hydro
Hydro International. The contracts relate to
pits that would act as the plants upper and
According to the IHA, the worlds total
the development of the 140 MW Tanahu
lower reservoirs [see box panel].
pumped storage capacity now stands at some
pumped-storage project.
In a nod to further development in the
142 GW, increasing by something north of
Tanahu will be located on the Seti River
eastern hemisphere, August saw Russias PJSC
10% during 2014 alone. Clearly, there is a
about 100 km from Kathmandu. The proj-
RusHydro and the Korean Water Resources
strong appetite not just for new build pumped
ects upper reservoir will be impounded by a
Corp. jointly look to develop a pumped-stor-
storage, but also refurbishment and reha-
140-meter-tall gravity dam.
age hydroelectric plant in Russias Far East.
bilitation. This push for additional pumped
More recently, in September, Voith was
RusHydro and K-Water will create a
storage capacity has a number of drivers,
awarded a new contract to supply electro-
working group to study the feasibility of
but chief among them is the headlong rush
mechanical equipment for a pumped storage
the Primorsky Energy and Water Resources
for more solar and wind power, renewable
plant in Thailand. The order is for the exten-
Complex (PEWC), including the Primorskaya
energy technologies that require back-up if
sion of the Lam Ta Khong plant and includes
pumped storage plant.
security of energy supply is to be maintained.
the supply of two motor-generators and two
Of course, China cannot be ignored
Pumped storage is an ideal solution, if not
when it comes to pumped storage. Last year
the only realistically economical one. As such,
Located on the Lam Ta Khong River
Hainan Pumped Storage Power Generation
demand for its ample utility in service is likely
200 km northeast of Bangkok, the extension
Co. Ltd. awarded a US$71.14 million contract
to grow in the coming decades as the global
project will double the capacity to a total of
to Alstom to equip the 600 MW Hainan
economy inexorably shifts toward a clean
1000 MW.
Qiongzhong pumped-storage plant.
energy system.
255 MW vertical pump turbines.
Australia, too, is looking to expand its
Hainan Provinces first pumped-storage
pumped storage capacity as Genex Power has
project operations are due in December 2017.
appointed consulting firm Entura to provide
Under the terms of the deal, Alstom
a feasibility study for the 330 MW Kidston
will provide three 200 MW turbine units,
David Appleyard is Chief Editor of HRW Hydro Review

Worldwide magazine
Glyn Rhonwy quarry pumped storage

Although the nearby 1800 MW pumped storage plant Dinorwig
has been operating since the 1980s, development of pumped
Snowdonia Pumped Hydro is a subsidiary of Quarry Battery
storage capacity is still being actively pursued in Snowdonia, the
Company, which together with AECOM developed a preferred
mountainous region of north Wales, in the UK.
design, including the dams and a cut and fill pen stock.
If plans proceed to construction, two abandoned slate quarries,

Glyn Rhonwy and Chwarel Fawr, are set to be the basis of the
UKs first new pumped storage capacity for several decades.
First mooted in 2012, in April this year, the UKs Crown Estate
agreed to lease 13 Ha of land to Snowdonia Pumped Hydro for its
100 million (US$155 million) project. This followed the granting
of planning permission in September 2013.
Construction is anticipated to take 3 to 5 years with the upper

reservoir holding some 1.1 billion litres.
The developers see a strong business case for a multitude of such

brownfield sites, with their relatively low additional infrastructure
costs and minimal visual and environmental impact.
By continuing to utilize unconventional sites such as the
abandoned quarry on The Crown Estates land, Britain can realize
The project includes the construction of a 20-metre-high dam
an additional 15 GW of grid-scale storage using pumped hydro
on the upper reservoir at Chwarel Fawr and a 15-metre-high dam
technology alone, said Peter Taylor, chairman of Quarry Battery.
on the lower reservoir at Glyn Rhonwy.
Originally, the Glyn Rhonwy plant had been planned as a

49.9 MW capacity installation, that proposal was increased by a
further 50 MW in December last year, pushing the application
to the UK Planning Inspectorate.
The proposed change in output, involves installing larger
turbines and associated equipment within the powerhouse,
1511hrw_14 14
now expected to be operational by 2019.
The company is proposing a new generation of small-scale
pumped storage facilities, arguing that they are economically

viable and environmentally more acceptable.
Last year it secured a further 3 million (US$4.8 million) in
private funding for initial work at the site, near Llanberis and it
is in negotiations to secure five further sites from a short list of
30 identified potentials.
www.hydroworld.com
11/11/15 11:51 AM
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1511hrw_15 15
READY FOR YOUR CHALLENGES
11/11/15 11:51 AM
TECHNOLOGY & EQUIPMENT
Creating smarter condition management

systems with Trip Multiply functionality
By providing better monitoring over turbine-generator conditions,
operators can save time by eliminating unnecessary alarms over the
course of normal unit operation.
By Dr. Ryszard Nowicki
very hydro turbine generator has vary-
as best practice. Instead, another approach to
functionality because they present another type
ing vibration frequencies, which can
prevent alarm overloading is the use of Trip
of resonance behavior for partial load operation.
be impacted by specific processes and
Multiply functionality.
environmental variables. Vibration measure-
Trip Multiply (TM) functionality is
ments including mechanical, electrical and
defined in the monitoring system by the max-
RPM transient conditions
hydraulic provide the most important data
imal multiplier (TMMax) that can be applicable
Vibration is influenced by the speed of rotat-
about the health and condition a turbine gen-
for alarm values, and by a resolution (TMRes)
ing equipment during operation, and many
erator and can also reveal what other variables
with which it can execute for values that are
machines operate at running speeds above the
may be impacting the operating environment.
lower than the maximum values.
rotor systems critical speeds if they are in a good
Level of vibration change in
For example, an increase in vibrations could
Improving the TMRes gives operators a
technical condition. Therefore, under transient
indicate an oversized guide bearing clearance
more precise monitoring configuration, and
operating conditions, operators can observe
or a change in power. Changes in vibration
consequently, allows more sensitive system
increasing and decreasing vibration levels.
measurements can also result from water flow
reaction in the case of technical condition
conditions. The causes for water pulsation are
changes in a turbine generator.
This typically occurs when the speed of the

machine is increased from a stopped condi-
divided into two categories forced vibra-
The functionality, indicated as ALERTNORM
tion to its operating speed (RPMNOM). This
tions and self-excited vibrations which can
and DANGERNORM, is designed to tempo-
transitional condition is not the same for all
be observed for:
rarily elevate alarm set points by a preconfig-
generators because many of them operate with
ured multiple. The TM has been previously
nominal rotor speed RPMNOM below rotor
limited to rotor resonance effects and radial
RPMRES. However, due to some technical con-
Steady conditions when there is no

change in flow over a period of time;
Periodic flow when the variations in
vibration while allowing the asset to ramp
dition changes, such as coupling bolt cracking
flow are repeated at a fixed time interval; and
through phases of operation where a resonance
with the rotor system, a turbine can slowly
Unsteady flow when flow conditions
exists, defined as the frequency band pass from
change its operating mode. Additionally, some
RPMLOW up to RPMHIGH.
generators increase vibration levels during the
can vary with time particularly with regard
to velocity and pressure.
This works well for mid- and high-speed
transient operation condition due to other
By adjusting their condition monitoring
rotating machines that produce vibration
and protection systems, project operators
at a frequency equal to shaft and rotational
The occurrence of resonances and the
can decrease instances in which alarms are
speed. The unbalanced force produces serious
consequent effects on vibration magnitudes
falsely triggered by equipment operating under
vibrations when the rotor passes through is
is one of the most common problem sources
normal operating conditions.
balance resonance, but it is not a frequent
for turbine bearings and foundation. This is
scenario for turbine generators.
largely due to a faulty model design based on
environmental variables.
Many low-speed turbines operate in normal
improper estimation of design parameters, such
While an overload of false alarms can be
technical conditions well below the first rotor
as model stiffness, modal mass of supporting
managed in ways ranging from bypassing or
resonance frequency (RPMRES). However, it
structures and excitation frequency of forces in
inhibiting them, this is generally not accepted
can still be useful for them to use the TM
the machine. For example, a high groundwater
Asset condition alarm management
1511hrw_16 16
www.hydroworld.com
11/11/15 11:51 AM


1511hrw_17 17
11/11/15 11:51 AM
Figure 1 Possible Zones of Operation
the turbine structure and concrete foundation for some turbine types.
For this particular turbine, the smallest level of rotor vibrations are
+m%
observed for nominal head, and the guide bearing vibrations are positively
correlated with head on average. This signifies that the smallest seismic
vibrations were observed for the minimal head and the highest ones for
Nominal
Head
ZONE 1
Accepted
ZONE 2
Not advocated
ZONE 4
Not allowed
ZONE 3
Advocated
the maximum head. Additionally, the lowest vibration levels are around
nominal power, and for this unit, they present similar magnitudes.
In these conditions, the entire structure of a plant would begin to vibrate
whenever a turbine operated in a certain load range, even if the turbine were
in good technical condition from a mechanical integrity standpoint. This
m%
vibration known as Rheingans Influence is caused by spiral vortex
filaments that rotate at a speed lower than the rotational speed of the turbine,
Nominal Power
and can vary with changes of the upstream and downstream water levels.
A model for a Francis-type turbine unit shows the relationship be-
A vibration test may be carried out during unit commissioning to

determine the frequencies of the real dominant excitations, answering
tween head and power.
questions about the turbine-supporting structure and resonances of

table in barrage powerhouses could be responsible for excessive vibration
the water flow system. It can be treated as a signature analysis allowing
transmission to the entire powerhouse building and structure.
better monitoring of dynamic unit behaviors, and easier recognition

of some technical condition changes. Such changes are usually visible
as a decrease in mechanical resonance frequencies.
Changes of turbine generator dynamics during loading
Using a Francis-type turbine as a model, Figure 1 shows the relationship

between head (vertical axis) and power (horizontal axis), and indicates
Analyzing the data
four zones of possible operation. Only Zone 1 and 3 are for operation.
Figure 2 presents a velocity trend of guide bearing vibrations over a
In the optimum operation area, Zone 3, there would be no developed
period of one week. The data is from one of six turbines running in
vortex belt in the draft tube. Consequently, the pressure pulsation is small.
a hydro plant each around 120 MW. The figure also shows two
Zone 2 should be crossed as quickly as possible because it lies between
thresholds for Alert and Danger, and the data reveals the unit runs
the two operational zones, but it is not approved for operation of its own.
approximately two times per day.
Some vibration components of turbine assembly structures result
During steady state operation, vibrations measure around 6 mm/s,
from the hydrodynamic properties of the flow. Therefore, this destructive
which is about 25% below an alert. During both transient operation
zone is determined by intense pressure fluctuations caused by the
and steady state operation the unit experiences vibration levels higher
growth and collapse of bubbles during intensive cavitation conditions.
than those configured for the danger setup.
In addition, a correlation can be observed between the excitations

resulting from cavitation phenomena and the natural frequencies of
A quick analysis leads to the following conclusions:

Vibration increases are observed systematically during each
turbine startup and shutdown; and

Figure 2 Guide Bearing Vibration Velocity Trend
Short-time irregularities during the units stop conditions and

in its steady state operation.
40
The problem of control monitoring system sensitivity and its proper
Magnitude: 2 mm/s Peak/div
operation can be solved for this plant using the TM functionality.
Having the danger defined here as a HIGH-HIGH level set
30
12 mm/s
(Danger Level)
up to 12 mm/s, it would be enough to put the TM coefficient as 3.5

8 mm/s
(Alert Level)
20
and then the danger changes to 42 mm/s.

For only one of six units at this plant, the operator is seeing the
HIGH-HIGH alarm 20 times per week. This means that operators

will see 120 alarms per week and nearly 7,000 alarms per year with all
units having a similar behavior even though all the alarms generated
10
come from units running in normal technical condition.

Conclusions
0
Day 1
Day 2
Day 3
Day 4
Day 5
Day 6
Day 7
Time: 8 Hours/div
Trip multiply functionality is an important feature of condition monitoring and protection systems used for turbine monitoring, and it can
Data from one-of-six 120 MW turbines in a hydro plant shows the
significantly decrease operator alarm
velocity trend of guide bearing vibrations over a week-long period.
overloading. It can be important to
1511hrw_18 18
Continued on page 36
www.hydroworld.com
11/11/15 11:52 AM
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11/11/15 11:52 AM
EXECUTIVE INTERVIEW
From the Board Room:

Maryse Franois-Xausa, Alstom
As a global hydroelectric power industry equipment provider, Alstom
is well-situated to understand the challenges and issues facing this
industry. Maryse Franois-Xausa discusses future development
potential and where governments need to be investing their money.
By Elizabeth Ingram
lstom provides a variety of equipment
perfect complement to a grid being fed with
Franois-Xausa: One of the challenges is
for the hydroelectric power industry,
large quantities of intermittent energy, which
linked to the opinion of the people. There are
from water to wire. In fact, the com-
is the case in North America and Europe.
not enough electricity consumers and officials
pany says its turbines and generators installed
In addition, energy storage, which
who recognize that hydro is a renewable
worldwide represent more than 25% of the
hydropower provides, is very important.
source of energy, and there is a lot to do with
total hydropower capacity today. The company
And of course, in new markets, local energy
respect to this in the hydropower industry. It is
has been operating for more than 100 years
production is needed. The availability of
important to communicate to consumers and
and is headquartered in France.
energy contributes to the growth of countries
policy makers alike that hydro is the leading
economies, as well as to their energy indepen-
renewable energy source and that there is
HRW-Hydro Review Worldwide recently sat
down with Maryse Franois-Xausa, senior
great hydro potential still to be developed.
vice president, global R&D with Alstom
The second point is that we must be
Renewable Power and vice president of
able to explain to all people that hydro is a
global R&D and product management
possibility to help integrate other renew-
with Alstom Hydro. In 2014, Franois-
able energy sources because hydro is really
Xausa received a Women with Hydro Vision
flexible. It has quick start capabilities and
award from PennWell in the category of
can operate at partial load, which helps
research and development, in recognition
accommodate the variations associated
of her tremendous influence and impact on
with wind and solar energy.
the hydroelectric industry. The following is
Q: What are the innovative

approaches you would put forward
and use as an example of hydropower
as a modern, evolving technology?
a transcript of that discussion.
Q: What does the term modern

hydropower mean to you?
Franois-Xausa: Hydro is modern and
Maryse Franois-Xausa
Franois-Xausa: There is a lot to say about
new technology but there is one point
this is something we need to explain, to

everybody. Its not just an energy of the past,
dence. Finally, hydroelectric power can help
in particular I want to make. Variable speed
it will be an energy of the future. Worldwide
decrease a countrys environmental footprint
pumped storage is a technology that will help
there are more and more intermittent renew-
by decreasing its dependence on fossil fuels
us with more flexibility in both pumping mode
ables (such as wind and solar) being developed.
Hydro is a technology that is very modern.
the power absorbed in pumping mode can
There is a need to introduce this intermittent

energy into the grid, and hydropower can help
in this respect. Hydro is flexible and is the

1511hrw_20 20
and turbine mode. With variable speed units,
Q: What is the main challenge for hydro

development around the world?
be varied by about 30% over a certain range,

depending on the head. This enables the power
www.hydroworld.com
11/11/15 11:52 AM
station operator to regulate grid frequency
An example of such a project for us is
from Tianjin, where we celebrated 20 years
in pump mode and deliver services such as
the 2,620-MW Chief Joseph facility on the
of Alstom Hydro in China. During this trip,
frequency regulation to the grid operator
Columbia River in Washington State in the
I heard first hand from customers and con-
while filling the upper reservoir. Conventional
USA. It worked perfectly. In addition, with
sulting engineers about their ambitions and
pumped-storage plants can only deliver this
the new materials, we can complete the work
the challenges they face. China needs more
service while in generation mode. Use of vari-
[of installing the extensions] in three days
electricity and it needs a greater proportion of
able speed technology allows us to achieve a
instead of three weeks.
it from renewable sources. China continues to
lot of segregation in terms of load generation.
build very high installed capacity hydropower
Q: Could you identify key hydro markets

and explain why they are attractive?
plants, such as Xiangjiaba, equipped with
variation also enables sites with a wide head

variation to be equipped.
Franois-Xausa: For new hydro, China
generator units at 800 MW/889 MVa. These
remains the leading market. I recently returned
units were supplied by Alstom. China is also a
The additional flexibility provided by the speed
Alstoms first variable speed machine
the worlds most powerful hydro turbine and
installed is at the 1,450-MW Linthal plant
in Switzerland, which is a high-head site.

This plant is being extended through the
installation of four 450-MW units, and it will

be commissioned soon. We also are designing
GE
Measurement & Control
and manufacturing variable speed equipment
for three other facilities, Nant de Drance in

Switzerland, Tehri in India and Le Cheylas
in France.
Q: What is the most striking change you

have witnessed for hydropower recently?
Franois-Xausa: Improvements in flexibility.
Traditionally, hydro was used mainly as a
baseload power source. Operators would set
Hydro Condition Monitoring

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their machines at the best operating point at

the beginning of the year and 20 years after
you would see them operating the same way.
Today, this is not the view that we have. We
use hydropower with a lot of flexibility in
order to move the load. It can have a lot of

variability. We have to design completely new
machines that can operate safely in a wide

range of operation, and that means a lot of
development. This is a big change.
And there is a smaller change, which is
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materials. New materials are really key to build-
ing machines today. We see a lot of evolution
with regard to use of new material in hydro. In
the USA, for example, stay vane extensions are

being accomplished using composite materials.
Extending the stay vanes allows the shape of

the stay vane to be modified to reduce losses
caused by turbulence, which in turn increases
plant efficiency. Alstom uses a technique to
For more information please

visit www.gemeasurement.com
make stay vane extensions with a composite

material layup shell that is bonded to the stay
vane and filled with an epoxy casting. This
technique greatly reduces the lead time for

creating stay vane extensions.
www.hydroworld.com
1511hrw_21 21
11/11/15 11:52 AM
European Commission. This is a research
project that includes Alstom and the utility

Electricite de France (EDF), as well as Elia,
DNV GL and Imperial College London. The
focus is the industrys first upgrade of fixed

speed pumped storage to variable speed.
Q: What single change would you

like to see that could enhance the
role of modern hydropower?
Franois-Xausa: I would like to see changes
to government policy, with more government
support for hydro. And more government
support for research. Governments need to

accept and promote this energy source, which
is carbon-free and renewable.
An 800 MW turbine runner, supplied by Alstom and destined for the Xiangjiaba facility in
China, is being delivered.
Q: Any final thoughts/comments

on the future of hydropower?
Franois-Xausa: I want to leave you with
major market for pumped storage, and Alstom
flexibility of these plants.
recently won the contract for the Qiongzhong
three points.
1. Hydro has huge potential for growth. Only
significant development potential as well. We
Q: What is the main challenge

for hydropower development
around the world?
see quite a lot of hydro projects on the horizon
Franois-Xausa: Investment will be very
2. Pumped storage is the only way to answer
there. Turkey is a strong market and Africa has
important for hydroelectricity globally. We
to needs of flexibility with regard to new
enormous potential. Latin America is perenni-
need more support for research in particular.
intermittent renewables.
ally a good market for building new projects.
Hydro is at a critical point. There has been a lot
3. More and more, hydro project owners are
Finally, Europe and North America have
of evolution with regard to flexibility, and we
turning to companies, such as Alstom, to
quite a lot of existing plants, and there is a need
need to do significant research on this aspect.
provide service, operation and management
to upgrade these plants to the new needs of
One example of research being performed
the market, to improve efficiency and mainly
is the eStorage consortium supported by the
pumped storage project.

Many countries in southern Asia have
a third of the potential sites worldwide
have been equipped, and we need to ensure

everybody knows this point.
for their hydropower plants.
Elizabeth Ingram is managing editor of HRW-Hydro

Review Worldwide.
GE acquires Alstom
GEs recent acquisition of Alstoms
power and grid businesses, including

Alstoms hydro business, is an important step in GEs transformation to a
digital industry company. Alstom and
GEs power and grid technology and
geography combined will enable many

new opportunities to create value for
customers. GE plans to grow its hydro
business, which already accounts for
more than 25% of the total hydropower

The 1,450 MW Linthal plant in Switzerland is the site of the first Alstom variable speed ma-
capacity worldwide.
chine being installed.

1511hrw_22 22
www.hydroworld.com
11/11/15 11:52 AM
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11/11/15 11:52 AM
ASSET MANAGEMENT
The 270 MW Burfell hydroelectric facility,

originally commissioned in 1969, is on the
River Thjorsa in southern Iceland.
Asset Management is Key to Operations for

Landsvirkjun, National Power Company of Iceland
With an average service age of 40 years for company power stations,
and the oldest approaching 80, Icelands Landsvirkjun, National Power
Company needed to improve its asset management practices.
By Unnur M. Thorvaldsdottir and Boudewijn Neijens
andsvirkjun, National Power Company
Landsvirkjuns role is to ensure electricity
system to manage investment planning, but
of Iceland is Icelands largest electricity
generation and delivery is secure and efficient,
increased organizational demands began
producer and it offers 100% renewable
and fulfils the terms of the agreements signed
outpacing the home-grown system, which
energy. Landsvirkjun operates 14 hydropower
with our customers, said Einar Mathiesen,
was originally designed only for short-term
stations, two geothermal stations and two
executive vice president of Landsvirkjuns
planning. The company needed an updated,
wind turbines. It delivers energy wholesale
Energy Division.
robust, system-wide asset management
Even with effective maintenance practices,
program to support infrastructure invest-
assets need to be renewed or refurbished
ment decision planning processes, develop
before they reach the end of their useful life.
a strategy to help prioritize projects and
Correct decisions at the correct time
The company needed a more holistic asset
manage potential risk.
Sustaining and monitoring existing assets,
management strategy one that could help
and investing in new infrastructure requires
us make the right decisions at the right time,
Initial challenges
efficient systems. In 2012, Landsvirkjun
to maximize the value of the assets, as well
The newly formed Asset Management
established an Asset Management Group to
as the natural resources with which we have
Group began by documenting the companys
develop 3-year short-term and 20-year long-
been entrusted.
current asset position versus future goals.
both to distribution companies and directly

to large industrial customers.
term investment plans for equipment renewal.

1511hrw_24 24
Landsvirkjun had been using an internal
Although equipment condition assessments

www.hydroworld.com
11/11/15 11:52 AM
were conducted, the assessments were not based on numerical
index scores that quantified general asset condition. Landsvirkjun

needed a company-wide standardized process to capture investment
data, evaluate projects and document decisions. The challenges
included getting buy-in from internal and external stakeholders
within or connected to Landsvirkjun and clearly conveying the

long-term goal of everyone working toward prioritizing projects
while managing risk.

Additionally, Landsvirkjun could no longer continue to invest in an
internal system that neither provided needed visibility to manage critical

asset risks nor defined and selected the measures to mitigate risks. All
of these factors combined led to seeking external Asset Investment
Planning and Management (AIPM) guidance, to guide the company

through the exercise and remain on track.
Phased approach
It began with a workshop in 2012 where the Landsvirkjun Asset

Management Group started evaluating the companys current asset
investment planning processes, and mapping out where they wanted
to go in the future. After taking some time to digest and analyze the
outcomes from these discussions, Landsvirkjun decided to move forward

with an AIPM solution from a private consulting firm.
Vancouver, Canada-based consulting firm Copperleaf developed its

C55 AIPM (C55) proprietary technology as a platform to develop asset
management systems for large utility companies to integrate real-time
data to identify and analyse alternative long-term investment strategies.
The system Landsvirkjun used includes a tracking system, an
investment decision optimization and predictive analytics.

Landsvirkjun implemented the system in two phases:
Replacing the legacy in-house project tracking system with the
C55 platform; and
Established a new process to capture consistent business case
Scalable
monitoring
solutions for
hydropower
plants
information from project to project, across the organization.

Assessing investment scenarios
After standardizing a means to evaluate projects in place, Landsvirkjun
wanted the ability to analyze how different levels of investment would
Vibration
Air Gap
Magnetic Flux
Cavitation
affect future risk factors.

To accomplish this, Landsvirkjun implemented C55s Investment
Decision Optimization capability to help select the optimal set of
projects based on the available budget, and overall value of each project
Brel & Kjr Vibro, the worldwide leading

independent supplier of machine condition
monitoring solutions.
to the company. The focus in phase 2 was to implement predictive

analytics to provide a long-term view of spend requirements to sustain
the infrastructure and assist in the strategic and long-term financial

company planning.
A core team of people with extensive experience running the companys power plants held three workshops with representatives from
monitoring@bkvibro.com
finance, operations and other departments across the Landsvirkjun
organization to ensure all stakeholders had a say in defining the new
www.bkvibro.com
processes.
The company has been using the system since installing the software
in April 2013.
www.hydroworld.com
1511hrw_25 25
11/11/15 11:52 AM
The results
The benefits that an Asset Investment Management Platform solution

brings to an organization include a combination of both tangible
and intangible benefits. For Landsvirkjun, the biggest benefit is that
the company now has greater oversight on all investments under

consideration than ever before, whereby:
Long-term investment needs are identified on the basis of risk,
age and condition. Critical risks are clearly identified so that activities
can be undertaken to mitigate those risks before an unplanned outage
occurs, and the company can see the extent to which the investment
plan will address those risks;
Short-term investment needing proposals are collected in a
comprehensive database and assembled in portfolios which are then
optimized based upon risk assessments, the objectives of the company

and the budgetary and resource constraints at any given time. Project
owners can easily present their budget proposals to internal stakeholders

in a transparent and well-structured way.
Better, faster, decisions
With more complete data that includes recording all types of spend and
more accurate data by eliminating version control issues, Landsvirkjun
can make better decisions on how to control spend for the entire
Energy Division.
Having the ability to compare different investment scenarios enables
the company to conduct sensitivity and what-if analysis easily for

Landsvirkjun headquarters building located in Reykjavk, Iceland.
informed decision-making.
Moving from multiple Microsoft Excel-based spreadsheets to a

single, centralized, multi-user system has enabled more interaction
between departments than ever before.

Having one source of accurate data ensures employees are using
the correct information and are not wasting time searching for data.
Documentation has improved considerably because all project owners
have to provide data to support their arguments for the need and
timing of each investment.

By placing a big focus on change management, and taking extra
measures such as translating the system into Icelandic, the rollout and
adoption has been a success.
Powerful drivers for AIPM
Landsvirkjuns experiences in adopting AIPM techniques are not unique.

Some of the most commonly heard benefits include better decisions,
compelling business cases and improved execution.
Better decisions
Comparing dozens or hundreds of candidate projects and options can
be daunting. Programmatic optimization generally leads to higher value
portfolios, unlocking up to 30% in extra value.
Compelling business cases

Building well documented, bottom-up, transparent investment
plans improves the probability of acceptance by regulators and other

1511hrw_26 26
stakeholders. Being able to demonstrate the cost of not investing has

www.hydroworld.com
11/11/15 11:52 AM
rewarded some utilities with budget increases
in the order of 20%.
Improved execution
Most plans and budgets are out of date the
very moment they are approved. The ability
to quickly adjust project portfolios based on
external or internal changes has allowed utili-
ties to improve their overall project execution

rate up to 10%.
Higher productivity
Much time is wasted searching for informa-
Vatnsfellsstod hydroelectric power station, located in the Highlands of Iceland, at the south
tion and updating spreadsheets but enterprise
end of lake risvatn.
class AIPM solution users report they have

experienced productivity gains of up to 20%.
both short-term and long-term planning to
very well. It helped Landsvirkjun identify a
Quantifying the benefits in terms of hard
help us make the best use of our resources.
quantifiable starting point and measurable,
numbers is not an easy task. How exactly can
Overall, its given us greater confidence in
definable future goals. It is very important to
you measure how much risk has been avoided?
our decision making, and our ability to plan
keep on developing, and continuously improve
Mathiesen asks.
for the future.
and review the processes and tools with which

Landsvirkjun works.
What we do know is this: Weve aligned
our procedures with best practices outlined
Lessons learned
in the ISO 55000 asset management stan-
Having an external, specialized consultant
dard. We now have a transparent picture
firm review Landsvirkjun processes, goals and
Unnur M. Thorvaldsdttir is asset manager for Landsvirk-
of all of our major asset classes, and can
financial plans and guide the company through
jun National Power Company of Iceland. Boudewijn Nei-
compare different investment scenarios for
process-mapping was a concept that worked
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www.hydroworld.com
1511hrw_27 27
11/11/15 11:52 AM
TECH NOTES
HEA releases global energy roadmap

The Global Energy Roadmap released in late October by the
Facilitating development through public-private partnerships;
Hydro Equipment Association is intended to serve as a roadmap
Rewarding hydro for the ancillary services it provides; and
Embracing the International Hydropower Associations
for hydropowers place in the global energy mix.

HEA said it hopes decision makers and policy makers will use
Hydropower Sustainability Assessment Protocol.
the tool, as they are under increasing and seemingly contradictory
Mature yet modern, proven yet innovative, established yet full
pressures to decrease the cost of electricity, increase the share of
of potential: this is hydropower as we know it, says Dr. Roland
renewable sources of energy and ensure a secure supply of energy.
Munch, president of HEA. Hydropower has a key role to play in
The roadmap outlines several steps that must be taken to unlock
helping national leaders supply their citizens with clean, sustainable
hydropowers full potential:
and reliable electricity.
Exploiting untapped sources to develop low-cost, renewable
and almost emissions-free sources of power;
HEAs roadmap, available for download at: www.thehea.org/

GTR, also emphasizes the role of pumped storage in integrating
Establishing a framework that ensures a level playing field

for all power technologies;
other renewables. HEA was formed in 2001 and represents electromechanical equipment suppliers from around the world.
Global Energy Storage Database
storage projects around the world. Search
now available online
options for specific projects include:
Advanced search, which includes proj-
ect name, service/use cases, ownership model
The U.S. Department of Energy offers a
Basic search with a variety of filters
and more search options (such as construction
Global Energy Storage Database to provide
(including technology type, country, rated
date, commissioning date, utility type and
free information on grid-connected energy
power, status and grid interconnection);
O&M contractor).
davis Fotolia.com
Sauer Compresso rs
established | consistent | genuine

Dependab le u p t o 5 0 0 b a r an yw her e, any t i m e .
1511hrw_28 28
www.hydroworld.com
11/11/15 11:52 AM
TECH NOTES
A data visualization option provides charts
recognizes sustainable development in all our
marketplace while examining their relative
such as global project installations over time,
activities, said Brian Molefe, acting chief exec-
strength amongst users and relative attraction
maps with project sizes marked, and a table on
utive of Eskom. Environmental compliance
amongst non-users.
technology type. Pumped storage hydropower
impacts operational sustainability. It is critical
is by far the largest technology in terms of
to maintaining our licence to operate, thereby
megawatts of power, with more than 178,000
ensuring security of supply. It also underpins
MW listed from 343 projects.
our principle of zero harm to the environment.
Those who have user accounts can add
The Sunday Times Top Brands Survey
information to the database on specific proj-
looks at brands penetration in the
For more technical news, check out the

Technology and Equipment tab at
ects or policies.
Per the website, at www.energystorageexchange.org, all information is vetted through
a third-party verification process and data can
be exported in Excel or PDF format.
Etalin company in India wins
sustainability award
The Etalin Hydro Electric Power Company
Ltd. received a Global Sustainability Award
2015 - Gold Winner from the Energy and
Environment Foundation.
The award recognizes the companys outstanding achievements in sustainability management and was given during the 2015 World
Renewable Energy Technology Congress.
Etalin Hydro Electric Power is a joint venture of Jindal Power Ltd. and the Hydro Power
Development Corporation of Arunachal
Pradesh Ltd., a state government-owned
enterprise. The company is developing the
All of your assets need investment

If only life were that simple
Asset Investment Planning & Management
3,097 MW Etalin and 22 MW Anonpani
projects, both in the Dibang Valley.

Eskom wins award for preserving
environment, harnessing resources
Eskom won the Green Grand Prix Award at
the 17th annual Sunday Times Top Brands
Executives in asset intensive organizations are expected by their board and stakeholders
to fully understand the risks and opportunities related to their asset base. Yet information
about assets is often scattered across multiple departments and systems, making it
increasingly difficult to decide how to best leverage existing assets and where to invest.
Copperleafs Asset Investment Planning and Management solution, C55, is specifically
designed to help asset intensive organizations make risk-informed, value-based investment
decisions. Aligned with the ISO 55000 asset management standard, it helps organizations
realize the highest value from their assets, and select future opportunities that provide the
greatest return to the organization.
Awards for preserving the environment and

harnessing the countrys natural resources.
This is the second year in a row Eskom has

won this award, which is given to companies
that have embarked on environmentally
friendly initiatives.
Eskom was recognized for its work in
Make Higher Value Investment Decisions

Continuously Improve Performance
Manage Risk Effectively
Align with ISO 55000
several areas, including developing a diversified
energy mix that includes wind, solar, hydro
and pumped storage schemes, a nuclear power
+1 888 465 5323

www.copperleaf.com
station and coal-fired power stations.

We continue to promote a culture that
www.hydroworld.com
1511hrw_29 29
11/11/15 11:52 AM
DAMS & CIVIL STRUCTURES
US$294 million funds emergency repairs

at 1,830 MW Kariba hydroelectric facility
In the last quarter of 2015, the Zimbabwean and Zambian govern-
Dam plunge pool - to limit scouring and erosion that could
ments signed agreements for US$294 million with the European
potentially undermine the dams foundations - and refurbishing
Union (EU), the World Bank, the African Development Bank
the spillway and associated infrastructure to improve the dams
and the Swedish government to finance emergency dam repairs
stability and operations.
at the 1,830 MW Kariba hydroelectric facility, according to the

World Bank.
The report IRM released earlier this year warns that 181 billion
cubic meters of water from the facilitys reservoir would careen
At its commissioning in 1960, the water was only 10-meters-
downstream if the dam fails. During a period of 8 to 10 hours,
deep [33 ft] at the foot of Kariba Dam, but erosion of this plunge
until the flow dissipates, the report posits a wall of water would
pool has increased the depth to 90 m [295 ft] and has been wearing
hit and likely destroy the dam at the 2,075 MW Cahora Bassa
away rock near the dams foundations, according to Impact of
hydroelectric project downstream in Central Mozambique.
the Failure of the Kariba Dam, a report released by the Institute
Published reports indicate Moises Machava ,Technical Director
of Hidroelectrica de Cahora Bassa (HCB), the company that
of Risk Management (IRM) of South Africa.
Located on the Zambezi River about 260 miles downstream of

Victoria Falls in southeran Africa, the Zambezi River Authority
(ZRA) operates the project. IRM, along with the EU, said repairs
are urgently needed.
operates Cahora Bassa Dam, said HCB has been aware of the
risk to Kariba Dam.

According to Machava, the latest information is that the risk
exists, but is not imminent. It wont happen tomorrow, or next
It was considered an emergency and the EU decided to
mobilize funds as it was important to start the rehabilitation as

soon as possible, said Philipe Van Damme, the EU ambassador
year, he said. But if nothing is done, then it will happen, but not
for another couple of years at least.
The repairs could take up to a decade to complete, according to
Charity Mwansa, ZRA chairperson. Reshaping of the plunge pool
to Zimbabwe.
Kariba Dam, at a height of 397 ft (128 m) and a crest length
will take three years, while the rehabilitation of the spillway gates
of 2,024 ft (617 m), impounds Lake Kariba, the worlds largest
will take six years with minimal disruptions to normal operations.
manmade reservoir. The Kariba hydroelectric project has been
Machava said HCB does not know when these repairs will
central to regional energy security and economic development,
begin, but given the urgency of the situation, he expected that date
the report said.
to be later this year or in early 2016. HCB expects to be briefed on
Repair and rehabilitation will include reshaping the Kariba
this at the next meeting of the dam operators in early December.
ACTs Icon Water in Australia will manage
forming the Corin Reservoir, which has a
1998, Australian dam safety officials found a
the US$3 million Corin Dam rehabilitation
surface area of about 780 acres. Water from
50-mm-wide gap between Corin Dams clay
State-owned Icon Water Ltd. is managing the
Corin Reservoir eventually reaches Australias
core and the spillway bridge right abutment.
Corin Dam rehabilitation project.
capital city, Canberra. Canberra sources major
According to published reports, during a
Located on the Cotter River in Namadgi
amounts of its water from three dams on the
dam assessment in 2007, Corin Dam officials
National Park in the Australian Capital
Cotter River Corin, Bendora (upstream)
determined conditions at the gap promoted
Territory (ACT), Australia, the projected
and Cotton (further upstream); and Googong
a piping risk. In terms of dam walls, piping
cost of the rehabilitiation to the Corin Dam
Dam on the Queanbeyan River.
occurs when water seepage causes dam wall
is around US$3 million.
ACT is an enclave within New South
The work will ensure integrity of the dams
Wales in southeast Australia and the gov-
spillway, the crest of its upstream wall and the
ernment of ACT owns Icon Water Ltd.
road atop the dam.
Icon Water hired Melbourne-based GHD
Corin Dam is 243 ft high and 925 ft
long. The earthen dam wall is built on a rock

foundation and impounds 71 billion liters
1511hrw_30 30
material to erode.
For more dams and civil structures news,

see the Hydro Project Activity tab at
to investigate and design improvements to
substantially mitigate the identified risks.

During construction of a crest wall in
www.hydroworld.com
11/11/15 11:52 AM
SMALL HYDRO
plant, including the addition of a 250 kW
Archimedes Screw begins

operation near Kilnhurst
StreamDiver unit manufactured by Voith.

StreamDiver units consist of a permanent
magnet generator embedded in an oil-free

bulb unit and have few moving parts, making it
attractive from an environmental perspective.
A 260 kW plant near Kilnhurst, England, has been put into operation.
Developed by Barn Energy and Yorkshire Hydropower, the plant is located on the
River Don and generates power using a pair of Archimedes Screws.
Reunion Island seeks to link irrigation

systems, add hydropower
The small hydropower project also includes a number of measures intended to
Reunion Island, a French overseas depart-
improve eel and fish passage, with the ultimate goal of increasing wildlife populations
ment off the east coast of Africa, is looking
that have been hampered for more than a century by weirs along the waterway.
to add turbines to an interconnection of two
U.K.-based Barn Energy said it is currently working to develop additional small

hydroelectric projects near Kirkthorpe and Knottingley. Both are located in the West
irrigation works.
The 100 kW plant would be located on

the connection of the west coast irrigation
Yorkshire area of England.
network with the network of the Cilaos Arm

of the Saint-Etienne River.
More small hydro slated for Africa
installed capacity of 200 MW and an invest-
Hydroneo Afrique and African Infrastructure
ment of US$500 million over the next five years.
Investment Managers are partnering to
develop a pipeline of small hydropower plants
Voith installs StreamDiver in Sweden
across Africa.
Swedish utility Skelleftea Kraft AB has
These projects are expected to represent an
For more small hydro news,

completed its rehabilitation of the Bruksfors
The Power Of Water Energy
www.litostrojpower.eu
info@litostrojpower.eu
The Litostroj Power Group provides integrated solutions for hydroelectric power
generation equipment with unit output up to 350 MW.
www.hydroworld.com
1511hrw_31 31
11/11/15 11:52 AM
MARINE HYDROKINETICS
Strukton was responsible for project
ITP on second-generation floating tidal tur-
installed in the Netherlands
management, working with Mammoet
bine platform design that, if successful, would
Tocardo Tidal Turbines has installed its com-
and Zeeland companies Istimewa
allow site-specific deployment in coastal and
mercial demonstrator 1.2 MW tidal array
Elektrotechniek, Van der Straaten and
inland marine environments.
of five T2 turbines in the Eastern Scheldt
Hillebrand on the installation.
Oosterschelde tidal turbine array
Said ITP Offshore Group Manager, Joe
storm surge barrier (Oosterschelde barrier) in
Measuring nearly 8 km in length,
Hussey: Designing a floating platform for
the Netherlands. At a cost of about US$12.4
the Oosterschelde barrier connects the
Instreams vertical axis turbine opens up vast
million, Tocardo said this installation is the
Zeeland Islands of Schouwen-Duiveland and
market potential in the UK and further afield.
largest tidal energy project in the Netherlands
Noord-Beveland and can be closed against
This is a significant project within the tidal
as well as the worlds largest commercial tidal
storm surges.
stream industry.
NRC to fund inland and offshore
HZ Windpower MHK study approved
directional rotor blades, generating electricity
MHK turbine development
Chinas Chongqing Haizhuang Windpower
from the ebb and flow of the tide through the
The National Research Council of Canada,
Equipment Co. Ltd has received approval
storm surge barrier. The turbines consist of a
through its Industrial Research Assistance
from the Ministry of Science and Technology
permanent magnet direct drive generator and
Program, is providing financial support to
of Chongqing Municipality for its study on
patented reversible rotor blade design.
array installation.
The T2 turbines are fitted with bi-
Canada-based Instream Energy Systems,
key technology and model testing for marine
The 50 meter-long by 20 meter-wide tidal
and IT Power Consulting (ITP), based in
hydrokinetic power.
power plant was placed on a floating pontoon
Bristol, UK, to develop a floating platform
designed and built by Netherlands-based
for tidal turbines.
According to the company, the study
includes:
Huisman. The array is combined with lifters
Instream Energy Systems scalable vertical
and installed between pillars in place under
axis hydrokinetic turbines, was co-developed
the Oosterschelde barrier.
with BAE Systems. Instream is working with
The working principal of a MHK generator and its development road map;
Hydrodynamic simulation and blade
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www.hydroworld.com
11/11/15 11:52 AM
MARINE HYDROKINETICS
design; and,
Tests of a scaled model, vertical axis drag
force blade that has a top suspension support.
Indonesias PLN signs agreement
of additional power requirements, especially
to develop commercial tidal
on remote islands, PLN president director
PT Perusahaan Listrik Negara (PLN) and
Sofyan Basir said.
SBS Intl. Ltd. have signed a memorandum
France inaugurates Le Croisic test site
of understanding for a tidal stream project.
France has officially inaugurated the Site d
To be built in phases beginning with an
Experimentation en Mer (SEM-REV) at Le
initial 12 MW plot and scaling up to 140
Croisic, Brittany, on the countrys west coast.
MW at a total cost of US$350 million, the
The site will test marine hydrokinetic (MHK)
project will contribute toward the fulfillment
For more ocean/tidal/stream news,

energy systems and floating wind turbines in

open sea conditions.
Beginning this September, three different
MHK energy technologies are scheduled for

testing at the site, located 12 nautical miles
off Le Croisic.
SEM-REV offers a restricted area connected to the mainland grid via an 8-MW
cable and a set of environmental monitoring

instruments. Four test slots are connected to
a central subsea hub.
Engineering university Ecole Centrale
de Nantes (ECN) monitors SEM-REV
operations from a station in Le Croisic, in

coordination with France Energies Marines,
through Frances National Centre for Scientific

Research (CNRS).
According to SEM-REV, the site would
also test materials and equipment for mooring, umbilical and monitoring systems for
use by MHK technologies. The sites specific
research programs focus on environmental

impact, safety and security assessments, and
could also be used to test deployment and

maintenance procedures.
UK Crown Estate launches smallscale MHK leasing program
The Crown Estate, owners of the United
Kingdom seabed, has launched a program

of offshore leasing for small-scale marine
hydrokinetic (MHK) testing and demonstration projects of less than 3 MW.
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1511hrw_33 33
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Continued from page 18
have condition monitoring systems for units
with TMMax levels greater than three.
There are available on the market control
systems that offer better TM functionality
for hydro applications with a TMMAX of five

and TMRES 0.1 and 0.25. Improving of the
TMRES allows for more precise monitoring
configurations, and consequently, assures

more sensitive system reactions in the case of
technical condition changes in a hydro turbine.
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ensures the monitoring system has higher
exposure to real changes of an assets condition. The elimination of false alarms generated by typical asset condition vibrations
and symptoms greatly improves an operators
actions during real problems with a turbine

generators mechanical integrity.
Ryszard Nowicki is a mechanical engineer for General

Electrics Measurement and Control division.
1511hrw_36 36
www.hydroworld.com
11/11/15 11:52 AM
April 25-27, 2016

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1511hrw_C4 4
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11/11/15 11:52 AM

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November-December 2015

Hydro Review Worldwide

HOW NEW RENEWABLES ARE DRIVING GLOBAL PUMPED-STORAGE INVESTMENT

LESSONS FROM ICELANDIC

Easy isnt a benefit, ITS A REQUIREMENT.

ration | Pulp, Paper & Steel Mills | Mu

ts | Flood Control Pump Stations

Rugged trash racks and rakers keep

Volume 23, No. 6 November-December 2015

Pumped Storage Hydropower Round-up

In this snapshot of global pumped hydropower development, it is

Creating Smarter Control Systems

By providing better monitoring with regard to turbine-generator

From the Board Room: Maryse Franois-Xausa, Alstom

As a global hydroelectric power industry equipment provider, Alstom

With an average service age of 40 years for company power stations,

November-December 2015 / HRW 1

Hydropower: A Giant among

Publisher Marla Barnes

Associate Editor Gregory B. Poindexter

Although there is evidence this average temperature change has been

enhanced by this years strong El Nino, as Stephen Belcher, director

behaviour and resonance between the various systems.

potential. Excluding pumped storage, HEA estimates a potential of around 4,400 GW

Subscriber Customer Service

projected efficiency improvements.

Reprints Rhonda Brown

The views expressed by contributing authors are those of the individuals

Member: BPA International

2 HRW / November-December 2015

Printed in the U.K.. GST NO. 12681 3153 RT0001

Voith electries water

Voith is also a reliable and experienced

winter and spring precipitation by more than a

Consortium selected to build

quarter. Lower precipitation amounts occurred

bureau thinks the remainder of the year will

be warmer and drier than normal, which it

USA: Temperature and precipitation

pumped-storage hydropower plant in Indonesias West Java province. Led by South

impacts from El Nino will likely be seen

during the next few months, according to

the National Oceanic and Atmospheric

Administration. Outlooks favor below-average

The project is being developed by Indonesian utility PT PLN Persero. It will

temperatures and above-median precipitation

consist of an underground powerhouse containing four 260 MW reversible Francis

across the southern USA, and above-average

pump-turbines, two roller-compacted-concrete dams impounding upper and lower

temperatures and below-median precipitation

over the northern part of the country.

Financing is coming in large part from the World Bank, whichapproved a

effects of Hurricane Patricia

Canadas Innergex Renewable Energy and

El Nino causes drought here and

Effects in different countries include:

Mexicos Comision Federal de Electricidad

heavy rain there

Indonesia: Drought affecting its south-