Thermodynamics and Applications - Test-1

Thermodynamics and Applications Test 1
1.
Identify the wrong statement
Ans.
(a) Thermodynamics deals with relationship between heat and work and properties
of systems in equilibrium.
(b) The laws of thermodynamics are deduced from experimental results.
(c) The laws of thermodynamics cannot be directly proved.
(d) The system of units employed in thermodynamics is different from that employed
in mechanics.
(d)
2.
Which of the following is an irreversible process

(a) Evaporation process
(b) Cooling of hot gases by steam production in boiler
(c) Melting of ice in atmosphere
(d) The falling of counter weight in lift
Ans.
(c)
3.
If the first law of thermodynamics is written as dU = dQ + dW, the sign convention

adopted for energy transfer as heat (Q) to the system and work done by the system
(W) are
(a) Q > 0; W > 0
(b) Q < 0; W > 0
(c) Q > 0 ; W < 0
(d) Q < 0 ; W < 0
Ans.
(c)
Exp. If dW is to have positive sign W should be less than zero.

Fill in the blank(s):
3
3
4.
A 0.01 m glass bulb containing an ideal gas at 300 K and 0.1 MPa is kept in a 1 m
rigid insulated tank which is completely evacuated. If gas bulb breaks and gas
occupies entire container. The final pressure of gas is . (kPa).
Ans.
1
Exp. P1 0.1 MPa
V1 0.01 m3
dQ = 0
dW = 0
dQ dW = dU
dU = 0
CV d T 0
V2 1 m3
(Insulated)
(free expansion)
T1 300 K
dT = 0
Isothermal process
P1 V1 P2 V2
0.1 0.01 P2 1
P2 0.001 MPa 1 kPa

5.
A Carnot refrigerator is operating between two reservoirs at temperatures 25C

and 35C. The COP of refrigerator is
Ans.
4.133
Exp.
T2
T1 T2
248
248
4.134
308 248 60
(COP)R
6.
A gas mixture has the following composition

Component
Mass%
CO2
He
O2
H2
20
40
10
30
Determine number of moles of gas in mixture of 100 kgs.

(a) 25.767 K mol
(b) 52.67 K mol
(c) 27.72 K mol
(d) 35.27 K mol
Ans. (a)
20
mCO2
100 20 kgs
Exp.
100
40
mHe
100 40 kgs
100
10
mO2
100 10 kgs
100
30
mH2
100 30 kgs
100
2
nCO2
mCO2
(Molwt)CO2
20
0.4545 K mol
44
mHe
40
10 K mol
(Molwt)He
4
mO2
10
0.3125 K mol
(Molwt)O2 32
nHe
nO2
nH2
mH2
(Molwt)H2
30
15 K mol
2
nmixture nCO2 nHe nO2 nH2

= 0.4545 + 10 + 0.3125 + 15 = 25.767 K mol
7.
One mole of an ideal gas ( 1.4) at pressure P1 and temperature T1 heated at

constant pressure till volume is doubled and then it is allowed to expand reversibly
and adiabatically till the temperature is reduced to T1 . The total work done is
(a) Cv T1
(b) C p T1
(c) (C p Cv ) T1
Ans.
(d) RT1
(b)
Exp.
Process 1 2:
P=C
V1 V2
T1 T2
T2
1
Process 2 3:
V2
T1 2 T1
V1
V2
1 PV1[2 1] PV1 RT1
V1
W2 P(V2 V1 ) PV1
Q = 0 Adiabatic
dW = dU
2 W3 Cv (T2 T3 )
T2
T
1 Cv T1 2 1
(? T3 T1 ) Cv T1[2 1] Cv T1
T1
T3
1 W2 2 W3 RT1 Cv T1 C p T1
Cv T3
Wtotal
8.
3
The velocity of wind at a particular place is 25 m/sec and density of air is 1.2 kg/ m .
Determine the power developed by wind mill which has a cross sectional blade area
of 2 square meters.
(a) 1875 W
(b) 18.75 kW
(c) 187.5 kW
(d) 17.58 kW
Ans. (b)
Power D2 V 3
Exp.
8
1
1
V 3 D2 V 3 A
2
4
2
1
1.2 253 2
2
= 1.2 25 25 25 = 30 625 = 18750 W = 18.75 kW
9.
Consider a gas in a piston cylinder assembly. The gas expands from a pressure of
3
500 kPa and a volume 0.2 m to a final pressure of 100 kPa, such that volume is
inversely proportional to pressure. Calculate the work done.

(a) 16 kJ
(b) 190.4 kJ
(c) 160.94 kJ
(d) 149.6 kJ
Ans. (c)
1
V
Exp.
is isothermal process
P
P1
1 W2 P1 V1 ln
P2
500
160.94 kJ
100
500 0.2 ln
10.
It is proposed to construct a refrigeration plant for cold storage at 30 C. The

6
ambient temperature is 27 C. If 5 10 kJ/ hour of energy is to be continuously
removed from the cold storage. Estimate the minimum power required to run the
refrigerator?
(a) 154.32 kW
(b) 341.52 kW
(c) 451.2 kW
(d) 324.15 kW
Ans. (a)
TL
Q
(COP)R
L
Exp.
TH TL W
270
5 106
300 270 3600 W
W = 154.32 kW
11.
3
Helium is contained in a 2 m rigid tank at 50 C and 200 kPa. Calculate heat
Ans.
transfer needed to increase the pressure to 800 kPa.

(a) 1292 kJ
(b) 1800 kJ
(c) 900 kJ
(d) 646 kJ
(b)
Exp.
4
V = C;
dV = 0;
W=0
P1 P2
T1 T2
T2 P2
4
T1 P1
P1 V1
Cv (T2 T1 )
RT1
Q m(U 2 U1 )
R
P1 V1
PV
1
1
(T2 T1 ) 1
(T2 T1 )
RT
1
T
1
1
P 1 V1
3P V
P V
1 T2
1 1
T1
1
(4 1) 1 1
1
1 T1
1
T1
3 200 2
1800 kJ
5
1
3

12.
A power plant burns 1000 kg of coal each hour and produces 500 kW of power. The
overall thermal efficiency if each kg of coal produces 6 MJ of energy is .. %
Ans.
30
th
Exp.
Power Produced
Heat Supplied
Power (kW)
m(kg/ sec) CV(kJ/ kg)

500
0.30 or 30%
1000
6000
3600
13.
A 12 volt battery is charged by supplying 3 amperes over a period of 6 hours. If a

heat loss of 400 kJ occurs from the battery during charging period,
The change in energy stored in battery is . (in kJ).
Ans.
377.6
Exp.
dQ dW = dU
VI t
dQ
dU
1000
12 3 3600 6
400
dU
1000
400 + 777.6 = dU
dU = 377.6 kJ

14.
Two Carnot engines are operating between 1000 K and 100 K in series heat rejected
by first engine is input to the second engine. If efficiency of first engine is 20% more
than the second, the intermediate temperature is K.
Ans.
Exp.
260.5
1 1
T
;
T1
2 1
T2
T
5
1 1.2 2
T
100
1.2 1
1000
T
T
120
1
1.2
1000
T
120
T
(1.2 1)
0
T
1000
120
T
0.2
0
T
1000
200 T 120000 T2
0
1000 T
1
T2 200 T 120,000 0
200 (200)2 4(1) ( 120000)
2
200 40000 480000
2
200 520000 200 721.1 521.1
261K
2
2
2
15.
The ratio of gas constants of oxygen and hydrogen will be ..
Ans.
(a) 1 : 16
(c) 8 : 1
(a)
Exp.
(b) 16 : 1
(d) 1 : 8
R O2
R
R
(Molwt)O2 32
R H2
R
R
(Molwt)H2 2
R O2 : R H2
R R
:
32 2
1 : 16

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Thermodynamics and Applications Test 1

Identify the wrong statement

Which of the following is an irreversible process

If the first law of thermodynamics is written as dU = dQ + dW, the sign convention

Exp. If dW is to have positive sign W should be less than zero.

P2 0.001 MPa 1 kPa

Fill in the blank(s):

A Carnot refrigerator is operating between two reservoirs at temperatures 25C

A gas mixture has the following composition

Determine number of moles of gas in mixture of 100 kgs.

nmixture nCO2 nHe nO2 nH2

One mole of an ideal gas ( 1.4) at pressure P1 and temperature T1 heated at

inversely proportional to pressure. Calculate the work done.

It is proposed to construct a refrigeration plant for cold storage at 30 C. The

300 270 3600 W

transfer needed to increase the pressure to 800 kPa.

Fill in the blank(s):

m(kg/ sec) CV(kJ/ kg)

A 12 volt battery is charged by supplying 3 amperes over a period of 6 hours. If a

Fill in the blank(s):

The ratio of gas constants of oxygen and hydrogen will be ..

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