35 - ch5-COMPLEX NUMBERS AND QUADRATIC EQUATIONS PDF

Chapter-5
COMPLEX NUMBERS AND QUADRATIC EQUATIONS

1.
Complex numbers and quadratic equations

Number of teaching hours
Total marks
:
:
8
10
Blue - Print
1 Mark
1
2 Marks
3
3 Marks
1
Total
10
10
10
OR
-
2
OR
1 Mark Questions
1.
Express the following in the form a + i b

a)
2.
3.
4.
5.

b)
i-35
Find the real and imaginary part of 3

a)
4 - 3i
b)
-1 + 3
Write the complex conjugate of (1 + i )2
Find the real numbers x and y if ( x - iy ) ( 1 + i ) is the conjugate
of -3 -2i
Write the multiplicative inverse of
+ 1

6.
Evaluate :
7.
Find the sqare roots of

x2

+3=0

8.
Solve :
9.
Find the modulus of
10.
Find the amplitude of 1 + i

2 Marks Questions
1.
Express the following in the form a + ib

(b)
(a)
(5 - 3i)3
(c)
(e)
(g)
2.

1
3 + 3
(f)

(h)

b)

(b)

(2 + 5i)2

If 'n' is any integer find in + in+1 + in+2 + in+3
5.
If Z1 = 2 - i, Z2 = -2+i. Find imaginary part of
6.
Find the values of x and y if

a)
( x + 2y) + i(2x - 3y) = 5 - 4i
b)
(1-i) x + (1+i)y = 1-3i
c)
(x-iy) (3+5i) is the conjugate of -6 -24i.

!
c)
4.
!

(1 + 2i) (2 - 3i)
Find the multiplicative inverse of

(a)

(d)
Find the conjugate of

a)
3.
(1 + i) (1+2i)
3 (7 + i7) + i (7 + i7)

Prove that x2 + y2 = 1.
7.
If x + iy =
8.
9.
If Z1 = 2 - i, Z2 = 1 + i. Find "
10.
Find real and imaginary parts of :
11.
Find the least +ve integer m such that
12.
If x - iy =
If 1 + 43 = (a + ib)2 prove that a2 - b2 = 1 and ab = 23
'
!
()
"

. Prove that

(x2
2
%
y2)2
Also find its modulus.

!
( )
=1
13.
14.
Solve : * + *
+ 1 = 0
2
Find the modulus and amplitudes of
(a)
1.
1+ i
(b)
-1 + i
(d)
3 Marks Questions
Express complex numbers in Polar form :
(a)
1-i
(b)
-1 + i
(e)
3 +
(d)

Find the conjugate of :
3.
Find '' so that
4.
a)
Purely real
b)
Convert complex number
(a)
/- .

(b)

(f)

,- .
2.
5.
-3
(c)

is
Purely imaginary

01, 2
3452

into polar form.
7

8 = 2 9 + 8
If a + ib = (x + iy)1/3 where a, b, x & y are real.

Prove that
.

6.
If Z1 = 1 - i, & Z2 = -2 + 4i. Find imaginary part of
7.
If and are different complex numbers with | |=1 then

Prove that
8.
9.
If p + iq =
Solve :
"
;<
=;
<
<
<
(a)
(b)
(d)
"=1
show that p2 + q2 =
x2
+ 3x + 9 = 0
3x2 - 4x + 20/3 = 0
27x2 - 10x + 1 = 0
ix2 - x + 12i = 0
<
<

SOLUTIONS
1 Mark Questions
1.
>=
a)

=
b)
@A

@ . @

. @

2.
Z = 3
2
3.
a)
Z = 4 - 3i, Multiplicative inverse of Z =
b)
Z = -1 + 3 Multiplicative inverse of Z =

; CD E = 3
2 , GHI. E =

Z = (1 + i)2 = 1 - 1 + 2i = 2i
>J = 2
(x - iy) (1 + i) = -3 + 2i
(x + y) + i (x - y) = -3 + 2i
x + y = -3
x-y=2
x = 1
2 , 7 = 5
2
4.
5.

i18 + # $
6.
'
7.

x = + 3
8.
x2 + 3 = 0
9.
Z=
10.
Z = 1 + i = r ( Cos + i sin )
r = 2, PQR S = 1
X
2
N

=> x2 = -3
|z| =
||
||

= 1
TU S = 1
W
2V
Amp = Y
4
= 1 + 2
= = 0 + 1.
J

=

||

= . + = 1 . = 1
TWO MARKS
1.
a)
b)
3 (7 + i7) + i (7 + i7) = 21 + 2i i + 7i - 7 = 14 + 28 i
c)
(1+i) (1+2i) = 1 + 2i + i-2 = -1 + 3i
d)
e)
f)
= (5 - 3i)3 = 53 - 3.52 (-3i) + 3.5 (-3i)2 - (3i)3

= 125 - 225i - 135 + 27 i
= -10 - 198 i

1
3 + 3 =
h)

g)

26
= 1
2 + 1
2

3
2 + 4
5 + + 1 +

+ 27 9

+ 3 . 3 + 3. 9 27

= 9
25
2 3
2 + 1
= 3
2 + 4
5 + 1 +
5
^
^
=0
2)a)
b)
c)
3.a)
Z = 1 + 2 2 3 = 2 3 + 4 + 6 = 8 + EJ = 8
E=
EJ =

1 7
10
EJ = -21 - 20i

4.
5.
6.a)
z=

^
E=

multiplicative inverse of
z=
in + in+1 + in+2 + in+3
=
=
=

= 2 2 =
Z1 . >
= -4 - 2i + 2i - 1 = -5

=
= 1
5
.a

x + 2y = 5
2x - 3y = -4
x+y= 1
- x + y = -3
y = -1,

in (i + i + i2 + i3 )
in ( 1 + i - 1 - i ) = in - 0
0
2x + 4y = 10
2x - 3y = -4
---------------7y = 14
y = 2, x = 1
b)

z = (2 + 5i)2 = 4 20i - 25 = -21 + 20 i
multiplicative inverse of z =
b)
2y = -2
x=2
6

^
c)
3x + 5xi - 3iy + 5y = -6 + 24i

(3x + 5y) + i(5x - 3y) = -6 + 24i
3x + 5y = -6
5x - 3y = 24
7.
=>
x + iy =
a + ib
a - ib
x - iy =
a - ib
a + ib
(x + iy) (x - iy) =
x2 + y2 = 1
8.
!
!
!
!
1 + 4 3 = 9 + 8 = 9 8 + 298 equating real and imaginary

parts. a2 - b2 = 1, ab = 23
9.
"
10.
z=

"= "

Re z = 1, Img. z = 1,
11.
9x + 15y = -18
25x - 15y = 120
-------------------34x
= 102
x = 102 = 3
34
y = -3
%

"= "

"=

= 22
= 1 + & |z| = 1 + 1 = 2
%
= 1 => b

i2m = 1 = i4
2m = 4 => m = 2
%
= 1 => #
=1
12.
x iy = '
!
()
!
()
9 8
e f
9 8
|* 7 2 *7| = g
g
e f
(x iy)2 =
* 7 2 *7 =
|9 8|
|P f |
9 + 8

h* + 7 2* 7 + 4* 7 =
P + f
9 + 8
h* + 7 + 2* 7 =
P + f
9 + 8

h* + 7 =
P + f
Ti. QU 8Qj RfDR.
9 + 8
* + 7 =
e + f
h* 7 + 4* 7 =
13.
* + *
+ 1 = 0
2
2* + * + 2 = 0
*=
h.

*=

14.a) Z = 1 + i = r (Cos + isin )

l = 1 + 1 = 2
PQR S = *l = 1
2
7
TU S =
l = 1
2
Amp () = Y
4
b)
Z = -1 +i=r (Cos + isin )

Modulus = 1 + 1 = 2
PQR S = *l = 1
2
7
TU S =
l = 1
Amp () = Y Y
4 = 3Y
4
c)
Z = -3 = l eQRS + sin S
Modulus = 3 + 1 = 2
PQR S = 3
2
TU S = 1
2
Amp () = 5Y
6
d)
>=

l = 0 + 1 = 1
PQR S = 0
TU S = 1
qHr S = Y
2

=
3 Marks Questions
1.
a)
Let Z = 1 i = r ( Cos + I sin )

l = 1 + 1 = 2
1
PQR S =
2 X
S = Y
4
1
W
2V
1 = 2 sPQR Y
4 + sinY
4t
N
TU S =
Let Z = -1 + i = r ( Cos + I sin )

l = 1 + 1 = 2
PQR S = 1
X
2
b)
N
W
2 V
TU S =
S = Y Y
4 = 3Y
4
1 + = 2 PQR 3Y
4 + TU 3Y
4
Let Z = 3 +
c)
l = 3 + 1 = 2
3
X
2u
PQR S =
S = Y
6
1
TU S =
2 W
u
V
3 + = 2 PQR Y
6 + TU Y
6
N
d)
Let Z =

l = v1
4 + 3
4 = 1
PQR S =
1
X
2 u
S = Y
3
3
TU S =
2W
u
V

= PQR Y
3 + sinY
3

N
10
e)
Let Z =

l = v1
4 + 3
4 = 1
N
1
2 X
u
PQR S =
S = Y Y
3 = 2 Y
3
+ 3
2W
u
V

= PQR 2Y
3 + sin 2Y
3

TU S =
f)
Let Z =

= -1 + i
l = 1 + 1 = 2
PQR S =
TU S =
2X
1
W
2 V
S = Y Y
4 = 3Y
4
> = 2 PQR 3Y
4 + sin 3Y
4
2.
>=
=

>J =

^

11
>=
3.
/- .
/- .
/- .
/- . /- . /- .

/- .
=
a)
/- .
/- . /- .

/- .
=0
/- .
Z is purely real
/- .
=>
Sin = 0
= n : n I.
b)
Z is purely imaginary
/- .
/- .
=>
=0
3 4 Sin2 = 0
Sin2 = 3 .
4
= TU Y
3
= n + (-1)n . Y
3
Sin = +
4. a) Z =

= 4 (-1 + i 3) = 4 + i4 3 = r (Cos + I sin 0)

l = 46 + 48 = 64 = 8
PQR S =
TU S =
4
= 1
X
8
2u
+

+ 3
2W
u
V
S = Y Y
3 = 2Y
3
Z = 8 PQR 2Y
3 + sin 2Y
3
12
>=
b)

2
01,
3452

= #
$+ #

$

= l PQR S + sin S

$ + #
$ =2
l = '#
3 1 X
22 u
PQR S =
3 + 1 W
u
22 V
TU S =
5.
S = 5Y
12
(a + ib) = (x+iy)1/3
(a+ib)3 = x + iy
a3 + 3a2. ib 3ab2 ib3 = x+iy
(a3 3ab2) + i (3a2b b3) = x + iy
x = a3 3ab2
y = 3a2b b3
x = a2 - 3b2
y = 3a2 b2
b
x - y = a2 3b2 3a2 + b2 = - 2 (a2 + b2)
a
6.
. a
J
=
=

= 4 + 2
Imaginary part of

.
J
$=2
|z|2 = z.EJ
13
7.
"
; <
"
=;
<
=
=
|<
= ;|
= <
;< ;
=
=
<
= ; <;
xDUeD "
;<
"
=;
<
y ri =
= |<|
|;| <
= ;<;
= <;
= |<w |;|
<;
=1
<
<
<
<
< <
(p+iq) (p-iq) =
q2

;< ;<

<
= ; <
= ;
<
r i =
p2
= |<|
= ; <;
<
= |<|
= ; <;
<
=1
8.
|;<|
<
<
<
9. a) x2 + 3x + 9 = 0
x=

14
b)
3x2 4x + 20 = 0
3
9x2 12x + 20 = 0
*=
^
c)

^
27x2 10x + 1 =0
*=
^ ^^^

d)

ix2 x + 12i=0
x=
*=

*=

x = -4i x = 3i.
15

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Chapter-5

COMPLEX NUMBERS AND QUADRATIC EQUATIONS

Complex numbers and quadratic equations

Express the following in the form a + i b

Find the real and imaginary part of 3

Find the sqare roots of

Find the modulus of

Find the amplitude of 1 + i

Express the following in the form a + ib

  

If 'n' is any integer find in + in+1 + in+2 + in+3

If Z1 = 2 - i, Z2 = -2+i. Find imaginary part of

Find the values of x and y if

( x + 2y) + i(2x - 3y) = 5 - 4i

(1-i) x + (1+i)y = 1-3i

(x-iy) (3+5i) is the conjugate of -6 -24i.

Find the multiplicative inverse of

Find the conjugate of

Find real and imaginary parts of :

Find the least +ve integer m such that

If 1 + 43 = (a + ib)2 prove that a2 - b2 = 1 and ab = 23

Also find its modulus.

Find the conjugate of :

Find '' so that

into polar form.

If a + ib = (x + iy)1/3 where a, b, x & y are real.

If Z1 = 1 - i, & Z2 = -2 + 4i. Find imaginary part of

If and are different complex numbers with | |=1 then

Z = 4 - 3i, Multiplicative inverse of Z =

(1+i) (1+2i) = 1 + 2i + i-2 = -1 + 3i

= (5 - 3i)3 = 53 - 3.52 (-3i) + 3.5 (-3i)2 - (3i)3

in + in+1 + in+2 + in+3

z = (2 + 5i)2 = 4 20i - 25 = -21 + 20 i

3x + 5xi - 3iy + 5y = -6 + 24i

1 + 4 3 = 9 + 8 = 9 8  + 298 equating real and imaginary

14.a) Z = 1 + i = r (Cos + isin )

Z = -1 +i=r (Cos + isin )

Let Z = 1 i = r ( Cos + I sin )

Let Z = -1 + i = r ( Cos + I sin )

  /- . /- . /- .

 /- .   /- .

= 4 (-1 + i 3) = 4 + i4 3 = r (Cos + I sin 0)

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If 1 + 43 = (a + ib)2 prove that a2 - b2 = 1 and ab = 23

1 + 4 3 = 9 + 8 = 9 8 + 298 equating real and imaginary

/- . /- . /- .

/- . /- .