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35 views4 pages

Neuritis Optic Medline

neuritis opitik dari medline

Uploaded by

Agi Pelawi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Optic neuritis: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia

1 of 4

https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000741.htm

National Institutes of Health / U.S. National Library of Medicine

Home Medical Encyclopedia Optic neuritis

URL of this page: //medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000741.htm

Optic neuritis

The optic nerve carries images of what the eye sees to the brain. When this nerve become swollen
or inflamed, it is called optic neuritis. It may cause sudden, reduced vision in the affected eye.

Causes

The exact cause of optic neuritis is unknown.


The optic nerve carries visual information from your eye to the brain. The nerve can swell when it
becomes suddenly inflamed. The swelling can damage nerve fibers. This can cause short or
long-term loss of vision.
Conditions that have been linked with optic neuritis include:
Autoimmune diseases, including lupus, sarcoidosis, and Behet disease
Cryptococcosis, a fungal infection

Bacterial infections, including tuberculosis, syphilis, Lyme disease, and meningitis

Viral infections, including viral encephalitis, measles, rubella, chickenpox, herpes zoster,
mumps, and mononucleosis

Respiratory infections, including mycoplasma pneumonia and other common upper respiratory
tract infections
Multiple sclerosis

Symptoms

Symptoms may include:


Loss of vision in 1 eye over an hour or a few hours
Changes in the way the pupil reacts to bright light
Loss of color vision

Pain when you move the eye

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Exams and Tests

A complete medical exam can help rule out related diseases. Tests may include:
Color vision testing

MRI of the brain, including special images of the optic nerve


Visual acuity testing
Visual field testing

Examination of the optic disc using indirect ophthalmoscopy

Treatment

Vision often returns to normal within 2 to 3 weeks with no treatment.


Corticosteroids given through a vein (IV) or taken by mouth (oral) may speed up recovery. However,
the final vision is no better with steroids than without. Oral steroids may actually increase the chance
of recurrence.
Further tests may be needed to find the cause of the neuritis. The condition causing the problem can
then be treated.

Outlook (Prognosis)

People who have optic neuritis without a disease such as multiple sclerosis have a good chance of
recovery.
Optic neuritis caused by multiple sclerosis or other autoimmune diseases has a poorer outlook.
However, vision in the affected eye may still return to normal.

Possible Complications

Complications may include:

Body-wide side effects from corticosteroids


Vision loss

Some people who have an episode of optic neuritis will develop nerve problems in other places in
the body or develop multiple sclerosis.

When to Contact a Medical Professional

Call your health care provider right away if you have a sudden loss of vision in one eye, especially if
you have eye pain.

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If you have been diagnosed with optic neuritis, call your health care provider if:
Your vision decreases.

The pain in the eye gets worse.

Your symptoms do not improve within 2 to 3 weeks.

Alternative Names

Retro-bulbar neuritis; Multiple sclerosis - optic neuritis; Optic nerve - optic neuritis

References

Eze P, Sra SK, Sra KK, Friedlaender M, Trocme SD. Immunology of neurologic and endocrine
diseases that affect the eye. In: Tasman W, Jaeger EA, eds. Duane's Foundations of Clinical
Ophthalmology. 2013 ed. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2013:vol 2,chap 35.
Jacobs DA, Guercio JR, Balcer LJ. Inflammatory optic neuropathies and neuroretinitis. In: Yanoff M,
Duker JS, eds. Ophthalmology. 4th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2014:chap 9.7.
Prasad S, Balcer LJ. Abnormalities of the optic nerve and retina. In: Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta
JC, Pomeroy SL, eds. Bradley's Neurology in Clinical Practice. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier;
2016:chap 17.

Purvin V, Glaser JS. Topical diagnosis: prechiasmal visual pathways. In: Tasman W, Jaeger EA, eds.
Duane's Ophthalmology. 2013 ed. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2013:vol 2,chap
5.

Update Date 3/15/2016

Updated by: Franklin W. Lusby, MD, ophthalmologist, Lusby Vision Institute, La Jolla, CA. Also
reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Isla Ogilvie, PhD, and the A.D.A.M. Editorial team.

A.D.A.M., Inc. is accredited by URAC, also known as the American Accreditation HealthCare Commission

(www.urac.org). URAC's accreditation program is an independent audit to verify that A.D.A.M. follows rigorous standards
of quality and accountability. A.D.A.M. is among the first to achieve this important distinction for online health information

and services. Learn more about A.D.A.M.'s editorial policy, editorial process and privacy policy. A.D.A.M. is also a founding member of
Hi-Ethics and subscribes to the principles of the Health on the Net Foundation (www.hon.ch).

The information provided herein should not be used during any medical emergency or for the diagnosis or treatment of any medical
condition. A licensed physician should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and all medical conditions. Call 911 for all

medical emergencies. Links to other sites are provided for information only -- they do not constitute endorsements of those other sites.
Copyright 1997-2016, A.D.A.M., Inc. Duplication for commercial use must be authorized in writing by ADAM Health Solutions.

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Optic neuritis: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia

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U.S. National Library of Medicine 8600 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20894

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services National Institutes of Health


Page last updated: 28 September 2016

03/10/2016 09.06

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