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Classification of Power Plant Cycle

Power plant cycles are generally divided into vapor power cycles and gas power cycles. Vapor power cycles include the Carnot, Rankine, regenerative, and reheat cycles. The Carnot cycle has the highest thermodynamic efficiency but is not practical to implement. The Rankine cycle uses steam as the working fluid and follows four steps of operation in equipment joined by pipes. The reheat cycle extracts steam from the turbine, reheats it to the original temperature using flue gases, which increases efficiency but also increases plant costs.

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228 views

Classification of Power Plant Cycle

Power plant cycles are generally divided into vapor power cycles and gas power cycles. Vapor power cycles include the Carnot, Rankine, regenerative, and reheat cycles. The Carnot cycle has the highest thermodynamic efficiency but is not practical to implement. The Rankine cycle uses steam as the working fluid and follows four steps of operation in equipment joined by pipes. The reheat cycle extracts steam from the turbine, reheats it to the original temperature using flue gases, which increases efficiency but also increases plant costs.

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Binarga Satria
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© © All Rights Reserved
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CLASSIFICATION OF POWER PLANT CYCLE

Power plants cycle generally divided in to the following groups,


(1) Vapour Power Cycle
(Carnot cycle, Rankine cycle, Regenerative cycle, Reheat cycle, Binary vapour
cycle)
(2) Gas Power Cycles
(Otto cycle, Diesel cycle, Dual combustion cycle, Gas turbine cycle)

CARNOT CYCLE
This cycle is of great value to heat power theory although it has not been possible to
construct a practical plant on this cycle. It has high thermodynamics efficiency. It is a
standard of comparison for all other cycles. The thermal efficiency () of Carnot cycle
is as follows:
= (T1 T2)/T1
where,
T1 = Temperature of heat source
T2 = Temperature of receiver

RANKINE CYCLE
Steam engine and steam turbines in which steam is used as working medium follow
Rankine cycle. This cycle can be carried out in four pieces of equipment joint by pipes
for conveying working medium as shown in Fig. 1.1. The cycle is represented on
Pressure Volume P-V and S-T diagram as shown in Figs. 1.2 and 1.3 respectively.

REHEAT CYCLE
In this cycle steam is extracted from a suitable point in the turbine and reheated
generally to the original temperature by flue gases. Reheating is generally used when
the pressure is high say above 100 kg/cm2. The various advantages of reheating are
as follows:
(i) It increases dryness fraction of steam at exhaust so that blade erosion due to
impact of water particles is reduced.
(ii) It increases thermal efficiency.
(iii) It increases the work done per kg of steam and this results in reduced size of
boiler. The disadvantages of reheating are as follows:
(iv) Cost of plant is increased due to the reheater and its long connections.
(v) It increases condenser capacity due to increased dryness fraction.

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