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Hydrology 1 Hydrology 1 Hydrology 1

The document provides an overview of hydrology and the hydrologic cycle. It begins with definitions of hydrology and engineering hydrology. It then describes the 8 main phases of the hydrologic cycle: 1) Evaporation 2) Transpiration 3) Sublimation 4) Condensation 5) Transportation 6) Precipitation 7) Deposition 8) Surface and groundwater flow. Finally, it briefly outlines some of the major watersheds in the Philippines including maps of their basins.

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68 views12 pages

Hydrology 1 Hydrology 1 Hydrology 1

The document provides an overview of hydrology and the hydrologic cycle. It begins with definitions of hydrology and engineering hydrology. It then describes the 8 main phases of the hydrologic cycle: 1) Evaporation 2) Transpiration 3) Sublimation 4) Condensation 5) Transportation 6) Precipitation 7) Deposition 8) Surface and groundwater flow. Finally, it briefly outlines some of the major watersheds in the Philippines including maps of their basins.

Uploaded by

ofreneo_joshua4437
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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HYDROLOGY 1

Hydrology & Hydrologic Cycle:


Phases of Hydrological
y
g
Cycle,
y
Philippine
pp Watersheds
h Manuell B.Vergell
John
BS
CE, MS
CE
BS-CE,
MS-CE

Introduction
y Hydrology treats of the waters of the Earth
Earth, their occurrence
occurrence,

circulation,
l
, andd ddistribution,
b
, their
h chemical
h
l andd physical
phy l
properties and their relation to living things.
properties,
things

y Hydrology
Hydrology is the study of water
water
y It is the science that encompasses the occurrence,
occurrence distribution
distribution,

movement andd properties


p p
off the
h waters off the
h earthh andd their
h
relationship with the environment within each phase of the
hydrologic cycle

y Engineering
g
g Hydrology
y
gy includes those segments
g
of the field

pertinent
ti t tto planning,
l i ddesign,
i andd operation
ti off engineering
i
i
projects for the control and use of water.
water

Hydrologic
y
g Cycle
y
.

Hydrologic
y
g Cycle
y
1
1.

Evaporation - the transformation of water from liquid to


gas phases as it moves from the ground or bodies of water
i the
into
h overlying
lyi g atmosphere.
ph Th
The source off energy
gy ffor
e aporation
evaporation
p
is pprimarily
primarily solar radiation.
radiation

2
2.

Transpiration
T
pi ti - the
th release
l
off water
t vapor
p from
f
plants
pl t
and soil into the air.
air Water vapor is a gas that cannot be
seen.
seen

3
3.

Sublimation - the state change directly from solid water


(snow or ice) to water vapor.

Hydrologic
y
g Cycle
y
4
4.

Condensation - the transformation of water vapor to


liquid water droplets in the air,
air creating clouds and fog.
fog

5.

Transportation is the movement of water through the


Transportationatmosphere,
ph , specifically
p f lly from
f
over the
h oceans to over lland.
d
S
Some
off the
h earth's
h' moisture
i
transport
p is
i visible
i ibl as clouds,
l d,
which
hi h th
themselves
l consist
i t off iice crystals
y t l and/or
d/
ti y water
tiny
t droplets.
d pl t

6
6.

Precipitation Condensed water vapor that falls to the


PrecipitationEarth'ss surface . Most precipitation occurs as rain, but also
Earth
includes snow, hail, fog drip, graupel and sleet.

Hydrologic
y
g Cycle
y
7
7.

Deposition
p
- this refers to changing
g g of water vapor
directly to ice

8.

a. Infiltration - the flow of water from the ground


surface
f into the
h ground.
g
d O
Once infiltrated,
fl
d, the
h water
b
becomes
soil
il moisture
i
or groundwater.
g
d
b. Percolation - Water flows vertically through the soil
b
and rocks under the influence of gravity.
gravity

Hydrologic
y
g Cycle
y
9
9.

aa. Surface Flow - is flow from a drainage basin or


watershed that appears in surface streams.
streams The flow is made
upp partly
p ly off pprecipitation
ipi i that
h ffalls
ll di
directly
ly on the
h stream ,
surface runoff that flows
flo s over
o er the land surface and through
g
channels subsurface runoff that infiltrates the surface soils
channels,
aand moves
oves laterally
ate a y towa
towardss tthee stream.
st ea .
b. Groundwater Flow - is flow from deep percolation
through
h gh the
h soill hhorizons. PPart off the
h subsurface
b f flflow
enters
t the
th stream
t
quickly,
q i kly while
hil th
the remaining
i i g portion
p ti mayy
take a longer period before joining the water in the stream.
stream
Part of the subsurface flow enters the stream quickly, while
th remaining
the
i i g pportion
ti mayy ttake
k a llonger
g period
p i d bbefore
f
joining the water in the stream.
stream

Phili i
Philippine
Watersheds
y Philippine
Philippiness

Major
M
j B
Basins
i
(source: NWRB)

Philippine
pp
Watersheds
y Philippine
Philippiness

Major
M
j B
Basins
i
(source: NWRB)

Philippine
pp
Watersheds
y Philippine
Philippiness

Major
M
j B
Basins
i
(source: NWRB)

Phili i
Philippine
Watersheds
y Pampanga
g

River Basin
Ri
B i
(source: PRBFFWC )

Philippine
pp
Watersheds
y Cagayan
gy

Ri Basin
River
B i

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