Wave Dragon

Contract number 019883
Wave Dragon MW
Development and validation of technical and economic feasibility of a multi MW Wave Dragon
offshore wave energy converter
Specific Targeted Project

Thematic Priority: Energy
Final Publishable Activity Report
Project co-funded by the European Commission within the Sixth Framework Programme (20022006)
Dissemination Level
PU
Public
PP
Restricted to other programme participants (including the Commission Services)
RE
Restricted to a group specified by the consortium (including the Commission Services)
CO
Confidential, only for members of the consortium (including the Commission Services)
Period covered: 1 April 2006 to 31 March 2009
Date of preparation: 17 August 2009
Start date of project: 1 April 2006
Duration: 36 month
Project coordinator name: Hans Chr. Soerensen

Project coordinator organisation name: Wave Dragon ApS
Revision FINAL
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1 Contents
1
CONTENTS...................................................................................................................................................2
PUBLISHABLE EXECUTIVE SUMMARY..............................................................................................3
PROJECT OBJECTIVES AND MAJOR ACHIEVEMENTS.................................................................6
SCALING UP/DESIGN - DEVELOPMENT AND DESIGN OF FULL SIZE POWER PRODUCING

UNIT AND SUB-SYSTEMS.........................................................................................................................8
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
INTEGRATED DESIGN.......................................................................................................................................8
POWER TAKE-OFF AND CONTROL SYSTEM....................................................................................................13
OPERATIONAL AND MANAGEMENT SCHEME.................................................................................................16
MONITORING SYSTEM...................................................................................................................................17
RISK ASSESSMENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT.................................................................18
CONSTRUCTION, MANUFACTURING AND DEPLOYMENT.............................................................21
ESTABLISHMENT OF MONITORING SYSTEM, OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE...................23
POWER PRODUCTION AND CONTROL STRATEGY...........................................................................25
LCA AND SOCIAL ECONOMIC ASPECTS..............................................................................................29
8.1
8.2
TASK WP6.1 JOB CREATION..........................................................................................................................29

VALUE OF POWER PRODUCED AND LIFE CYCLE ANALYSIS (LCA)..............................................................31
DISSEMINATION AND EXPLOITATION................................................................................................33
10
REFERENCES.............................................................................................................................................34
11
DISSEMINATION OF KNOWLEDGE....................................................................................................36
11.1
11.2
11.3
11.4
WEBSITE....................................................................................................................................................36
PR TOWARDS NEWSPAPERS, MAGAZINES, RADIO AND TV.........................................................................36
PUBLICATIONS WRITTEN BY PARTNERS......................................................................................................40
PRESENTATIONS AT CONFERENCES, TRADE FAIRS, ETC..............................................................................46
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2 Publishable executive summary

Pioneering Technology for Bulk Generation of Wave Power
The Wave Dragon is a floating device consisting of two parabolic arms that reflect and enlarge waves
towards a ramp. Wave energy is absorbed passively by the overtopping water that is collected and short
term stored in a reservoir behind the ramp. Photo: EarthVision.
The technology
The Wave Dragon is an offshore Wave Energy Converter of the overtopping type. The
development work is, to a large extent, built on proven technologies and Wave Dragon is by far
the largest wave energy converter known today. Each unit will have a rated power of 1.5-12 MW
or more depending on how energetic the wave climate is at the deployment site. In addition to
this Wave Dragon - due to its large size - can act as a floating foundation for MW wind turbines,
thus adding a very significant contribution to annual power production at a marginal cost.
The Wave Dragon technology absorbs wave energy by overtopping water. Power is generated
when water from the above mean water level storage reservoir is drained back to sea through
traditional hydro propeller turbines.
Towards commercialisation
Wave Dragon marks a significant breakthrough towards commercial exploitation of the abundant
energy concentrated in ocean waves. Seagoing trials of the Wave Dragon prototype has proven its
offshore survivability since March 2003 and more than verified the potential for commercial
feasibility of large scale power generation below the costs of offshore wind power. Wave Dragon
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is unique among wave energy converters as it harnesses the energy of waves directly via water
turbines in a one-step conversion system, housed in a very simple construction in which,
importantly; the turbines are the only moving parts.
Big is beautiful
By using the overtopping principles for energy absorption there is no upper limit on device size
and rated power for Wave Dragon.
Wave Dragons competitive advantage lies in its scale and hence capital cost; only 9 units are
required to make a 100 MW power station compared to 100-1000 units required by most
technologies and the few moving parts improve reliability and reduce maintenance costs. The
design simply reapplies a well proven existing technology that has been around for 80 years.
Wave Dragon is essentially a floating hydro-electric dam.
Major challenges
Developers of wave energy converters face a series of major challenges: First they have to
develop machinery that can operate and survive in this very rough environment and secondly
they have to optimise operation and maintenance systems to make wave power plants a viable
solution. Wave energy converters have to compete with other renewable energy technologies: it
has become obvious that wave power can be much cheaper than, for instance, photovoltaic power
and there are good reasons to believe that wave power in a few years will be a serious competitor
to offshore wind power.
System availability
During the long term testing in a real sea environment the Wave Dragon prototype has progressed
to the point where it is now producing electricity 80% of the time. This real sea testing has also
proven Wave Dragons seaworthiness, floating stability and power production potential.
Operation of the device in the harsh offshore environment has led to a number of smaller
component failures. All of these have been investigated and technical solutions have been found,
thus preventing costly (in both time and money) problems from occurring in the future. The work
done up to now has confirmed that the performance predicted on the basis of wave tank testing
and turbine model tests will be achieved in a full scale prototype.
This project will develop the technological basis for a commercially viable solution to the bulk
generation of renewable power and thus add to Europes ability to tackle the problems of security
of supply and green house gas emissions.
Expected results
The quantitative objectives are referring to a 24 kW/m wave climate:
Higher energy production of each unit to a total of 10 GWh/y resulting in a total
improvement of 12%; 5% from improvement by better control system and 7% from the new
power take off system
A reduction in the overall installation capacity cost of 5% compared with the state of the art
A reduction of operation and maintenance cost of 5%
The test program will demonstrate the availability, power production predictability, power
production capability and medium to long term electricity generation costs at 0.052/kWh in a
wave climate of 24kW/m, which could be found relatively close to the coast at the major part of
the EC Atlantic coast. In a 36kW/m wave climate the corresponding cost of energy will be
0.04/kWh
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The 1:4.5 scale prototype during long term real sea testing. The prototype is an all-steel built 238 tonnes
construction fully equipped with turbines, power electronics etc. Photo: EarthVision.
The following contractors are involved in the project:

Wave Dragon ApS (WD)
Coordinating, wave technology, socio technology, exploitation and dissemination
NIRAS AS (NIR)
Design of offshore structure, wave prediction
Dr. Techn. Olav Olsen A/S (OO)
Concrete specialist in offshore design, buoyancy, design of floating vessel
Kssler Ges mbH (KOS)
Design and construction of the special developed hydro turbine for Wave Dragon
ESB International Ltd (ESBI)
Power technology consultancy
Balslev A/S (BAL)
Design and purchase of electrical, measurements, grid connection, and regulation
systems
Technical University Munich (TUM)
Development and test of hydro turbines, control and regulation technology
Aalborg University, Hydraulic and Coastal Laboratory (AAU)
Monitoring, hydraulic behaviour, overtopping, control and regulation strategy
Warsaw University of Technology (WUT)
Power electronics
University of Wales Swansea (UWS)
Environmental impact, power electronics
Wave Dragon Wales Ltd (WDW)
Construction and deployment of the device
Project Coordinator: Wave Dragon ApS
Dr. Hans Chr. Soerensen
Blegdamsvej 4
DK 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
Phone:
+45 3536 0219/+45 3537 0211
Fax:
+45 3537 4537
Mail:
info@wavedragon.net
Webpage:
www.wavedragon.net and www.wavedragon.co.uk
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EC project web:
www.wavedragon.net/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=35&Itemid=59
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3 Project objectives and major achievements

Research activities of the project
The projects general objective is to improve the Wave Dragon technology, developing it from
the tested all steel built scale 1:4.5 prototype to a full size composite built 7 MW unit and, by
comprehensive testing, validate its technical and economic feasibility.
The R&D activities will:
1. Develop the optimal way to construct the Wave Dragon taking into account the large physical
size, the facilities and skills available and also the techniques required to combine steel and
reinforced concrete to make up the structural form we require.
2. Finalise the development of the power takeoff system consisting of simplified hydro turbines,
advanced inverter technology and permanent magnet synchronous generator technology in
combination with an advanced control system never tested in full scale before.
3. Demonstrate that the Wave Dragon hull and reflectors can be constructed with a combination
of reinforced concrete and steel.
4. Demonstrate the deployment of the full scale device and document its basic hydraulic
behaviour in relatively calm water before the final deployment.
5. Develop an operation and maintenance scheme and operate a wave energy device in MW size
using an advanced control system and a new innovative power take-off system.
6. Run an advanced test program on the device in order to gain information not only for the
documentation of the behaviour but also for establishing scientific knowledge far beyond the
state of the art of today.
7. Establish the socio economic impact of Wave Dragon such as job creation, life cycle
assessment and environmental impact related to a MW size wave energy device.
All R&D activities in this project will be carried out in relation to a 7 MW Wave Dragon device
that will be constructed and deployed off the South West Welsh coast.
Project structure
This project is organised in 7 operative work packages each with clearly defined deliverables:
1. Scaling up / design Development and design of full size power producing unit and subsystems
2. Construction, manufacturing and deployment
3. Establishment of monitoring system, operation and maintenance
4. Design parameter analysis
5. Power production and control strategy
6. Life Cycle / Environmental Impact Assessment and Socio-economic aspects
7. Dissemination and exploitation
Work package 2 construction and deployment are funded from other sources than EC.
Results
Scaling up design
The following activities have been carried out related to scaling up design:
Based on further tests with a scale 1:50 Wave Dragon model at Aalborg University and
taking into account all valid data collected during +20,000 hours real sea prototype scale
1:4.5 testing [1] it has been concluded that the conceptual design is sound. The now
frozen overall design of the 300 m wide full size demonstrator unit is therefore close to a
direct scale up of the 57 m prototype with a linear factor of 1:5.2 [2].
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The Power Take Off system has been defined and several alternative solutions studied.
Summary report [3] and [27].
Study of connection to a weak grid has been carried out [4].
Contact with potential manufacturers and contractors has been continued.
Environmental Impact Assessment

The Environmental Impact Assessment reports [5], [6], [7] as well as the consent application [8],
for the test site in Wales has been issued April 2007.
Feedback from the stakeholders has been dealt with. No serious problems not be overcome have
been identified.
Two special studies have been carried out in 2008: one about the Scaly Cricket [9] and one about
the benthic ecology [10]. The results have been summarised in the report [11].
An environment assessment of the impact from the outflow of water from the turbines to the sea
bed has been established [12]
An environmental footprint of the device based on the LCA methodology has been established
[13].
Using and dissemination of the knowledge
The general dissemination activities are in compliance with the Project Communication Action
Plan. Several papers have been published and conference contributions have been delivered.
State-of-the-art
Real sea testing of offshore wave devices is still very rare. Wave Dragon is still one of the most
experienced device with +20,000 hours in the sea, grid connected. Wave Dragon remains the only
floating grid connected overtopping device deployed.
The main problem in the project
The main problem has been to find a new company financing the manufacturing of the full size
Wave Dragon. A new investor replacing K P Renewable was found but they failed to deliver.
Wave Dragon has first made an agreement with the British affiliation of Grant Thornton in order
to identify potential investors; focusing on utility companies like EDF, EDP, Vattenfall, Statoil,
GALP, EON and ESBI with the aim of finalising negotiations with a few of them. During the last
period it turned up that Grant Thornton was going to close these activities and a new agreement
was signed with E&Y. At the end of the project more options exist.
Even though this is no guarantee of funding of the manufacturing of the device this is a major
step towards getting funds secured and allows us starting up and finalise the design work; giving
sufficient time for finalising the due diligence before start of construction. An application for
prolongation of the project with two years was not accepted by the EC and the project therefore
was terminated before deployment April 2009.
Furthermore there has been some uncertainty related to the redeployment of the Wave Dragon
scale 1:4.5 prototype in Danish waters. The funding from the Danish PSO system of the repair
work took very long time and was first in place mid 2008 and the prototype could therefore first
be redeployed in the summer 2009. A few weeks of testing is needed in order to have the optimal
documentation for scaling up in place.
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4 Scaling up/design - Development and design of full size power

producing unit and sub-systems
Objectives
1. To develop a scale up design from the 20 kW prototype; using reinforced concrete instead
of steel
2. To develop PTO system including hydro turbines based on experience from 20 kW
prototype tests
3. To develop integrated PTO/fender system introducing water hydraulic based power take
off
4. To establish risk assessment and environmental impact assessment
5. To develop operational system for the test device
6. To develop monitoring system for the test device
Progress towards objectives
In general the work has been influenced by the delay of finance by the partner WDW. Tasks
closely related to the detailed design and the operational systems have been postponed in order to
await the final decision about the manufacturing. The conceptual design has therefore been in
focus.
4.1 Integrated design

Objectives
To develop a scale up design from the 20 kW prototype using reinforced concrete instead
of steel
Figure 4.1 Concept for manufacturing in a dry dock [2]
Based on further test with a 1:50 scale model at AAU and taking into account the huge amount of
valid data collected during more than 20,000 hours tests with the 57m wide prototype in Nissum
Bredning, Denmark [1], it has been concluded that the conceptual design is sound.
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The overall design of the 300 m wide demonstrator is therefore reasonable close to a direct up
scale of the 57 m prototype with a linear factor of 1:5.2. The straightforward construction method
is to use a dry dock as illustrated in the figure below.
The study shows that a production process based on manufacturing on a floating barge seems
most appropriate, as the day dock solution is too expensive and takes too long time to establish.
Contacts have been taken to potential suppliers of such barges and to local contractors. The port
authorities in Pembroke Dock, Wales has allocated a site for manufacturing of the demonstrator,
and it is expected that the construction will take place on a floating barge as the day dock
solution is too expensive and takes too long time to establish.
Figur 4.2 The main structural design members [2]
The different sections can be of quite limited size and will be floated to sheltered water and
assembled using a glue/grout and pre-stress technique. The main load bearing walls beneath the
reservoir can be cast in situ or prefabricated in whatever section size is allowed at the actual yard
and then floated to the assembly site. The reservoir deck will then be in situ cast on top of the
walls. The buoyancy of the walls will keep the structure including the deck afloat, which
facilitate easy assembly operations.
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Figure 4.3 The revised structural design drawn on top of the original design [2]
Mooring analysis
Mooring of the Wave Dragon is a critical element in the design of the full scale Wave Dragon. A
slack catenary mooring solution is considered in order to absorb the very large forces acting on
the Wave Dragon from waves, current and wind.
The configuration of a catenary mooring system can vary from a single leg mooring line to a
multi-line mooring spread. The main components of the mooring system are:
Configuration of mooring spread, e.g. number of chains and geometry of mooring spread.
Mooring chains, e.g. length and weight.
Floating mooring (CALM) buoy.
Design of foundation structure for anchoring of mooring chains, e.g. gravity, piled or
suction foundations.
The characteristics of the mooring system may additionally be adjusted by introduction of
weights and floats along the mooring lines.
A preliminary analysis was carried out in [14] for a single leg mooring. The following analysis
considers a multi-line mooring spread with the number of mooring lines [15], see Fig. 4.4
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Figure 4.4 Conceptual up-scaled mooring arrangement. Number of lines and radius of mooring
spread is subject to modifications, source.
Calm
0.00 %
10 %
Palette
Above
8
78
67
56
45
34
23
12
0.5 1
0.25 - 0.5
Below 0.25
Figure 4.5 WaveData chosen for the analyse. Left: West Lundy Wave Rose. Data Coverage. Right: Zero
crossing wave period vs. significant wave height at Sevenstone. Source [16]
The basic configuration for the studied mooring system is circular mooring spread consisting of 6
uniform and evenly distributed mooring chains. The wave statistics illustrated in Fig. 4.5 shows
that the wave climate at the deployment area is very unidirectional.
Forces and movements in the mooring system of the Wave Dragon are calculated by solving the
differential momentum equation for the mooring system in the time domain. Conceptually
differential momentum equation describes a forced and damped oscillation of the Wave Dragon
suspended by mooring lines that acting as highly non-linear springs.
A synthetic outer force time series is applied to represent loads from waves and currents. Energy
from the mooring system is dissipated in terms of a drag component and structural damping. The
latter being based on experiments in scale 1:50 [17].
The outer force on the Wave Dragon is, due to the wave loading, of an oscillatory nature. Large
waves are asymmetrical with high crests and low troughs. Therefore the wave loading is also
asymmetrical. To further complicate the load case, there is a 90 o phase shift between the so-called
drag and inertia wave forces. Finally the physical extend of the Wave Dragon is large compared
to the waves, which, if considered, will reduce the overall wave load. Wind and current will also
add to the total load on the Wave Dragon.
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2 10
1.9710
1 10
Ft ( t )
1 10
1.4410
7
7
2 10
100
200
300
400
500
600
600
Figure 4.6 Synthetic load time series used to find the force response. Peak load 20,000
kN. Mean load 2,900 kN. Source [15]
To exemplify the response of the Wave Dragon and mooring system, an artificial load time series
have been generated based on a steady force of 2,900 kN overlaid with a large oscillatory
component to achieve peak loads in the order of 20,000 kN.
Because of the slack mooring system, changes in the horizontal loading of the Wave Dragon due
to waves, current and wind will not be transferred directly as a change in the tension stresses in
the mooring chain. Instead the change in outer load on the Wave Dragon will result in changed
movement (acceleration) of the Wave Dragon. The mooring chain in this sense acts as a huge
spring and is ideal for absorption of peak forces. The tension in the chain is only dependent on
the position of the Wave Dragon relative to the foundation and increases when the chain is
stretched and reduces as the chain slackens. The result of the simulation is illustrated Fig. 6.4
from where the considerable reduction in forces clearly can be seen.
1.4610
9 10
3 10
Mooring load and force response (zoom)
Fmax
Fspread ( x1( t ) )
(N)
1.5 10
F_Ch( x1( t ) )
6
3 10
Ft ( t )
9 10
1.3110
7
7
1.5 10
1740
jmax
2
1760
60
1780
1800
t
1820
1840
1860
jmax
60
2
(s)
Figure 4.7 Mooring load, Ft, and force response. A considerable reduction of the
force response relative to the mooring load is noted. Source [15].
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Figure 4.8 Extreme current pattern near Wave Dragon, 50 year average return period. Source [12].
4.2 Power take-off and control system

Objectives
To study up scaling of the power take-off system (PTO system)
The work has focused on establishing the specification for the PTO system including having
feedback from potential manufactures. There has been focused on the lack of marine experience
by the manufacturer of PMGs. As a result of this a direct drive asynchrony generator and
traditional gearboxes have been studied and final conclusions have been that a gearbox solution
is not assessed to be a practical or reliable solution.
Figure 4.9 Wave to wire model for Wave Dragon.
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Different options of proven available commercial solutions for the converter have been studied.
Offers from some manufacturers have been received. Some customisation seems necessary in
order to fulfil the control requirement of Wave Dragon.
Different grid connection solutions have been studied taking into account a 33 kV and 11 kV
level. Solutions have been proposed and studied aiming at solving problems arising if the grid
connection has a very limited export capacity (c. 100 kVA).
The overall conclusions are illustrated in the table below.
Generators
Figure 4.10 Priority list for the generator selection [4]
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Figure 4.11 Block diagram of and PMG, frequency and output control and generator control [4]
The figure below illustrating different layouts for the turbine is based on restrictions for generator
height by 1) the height of hydraulic cylinder setup and 2) the restricted water cooling.
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Figure 4.12 Different layout for turbines, Left: closed cylinder gate, right: opened cylinder gate [3]
4.3 Operational and management scheme

Based on the experience from the Nissum Bredning prototype extensive work has been put into
further developing and upscaling the operational and maintenance system to the demonstration
device. The relevant instruments to be deployed have been identified, data acquisition,
monitoring and management systems have been outlined and improved algorithms for buoyancy
control has been developed and tested.
Due to the fact that the demonstrator was not actually build, the systems have not been installed
and instruments procured. However, it is concluded that the principles and systems have been
laid out, no major problems have been identified and once the necessary funding is available, it
can be implemented by detailed engineering.
The real sea testing of the Wave Dragon prototype has proven its seaworthiness, floating stability and
power production potential. Operation of the device in the harsh offshore environment has led to a
number of smaller component failures. All of these have been investigated, and technical solutions
have been found.
The overall availability of the prototype has been approximately 20% over the 5 years of testing. This
figure is considered to be impressing taking into account that the prototype originally only was
designed for 2 years of testing rather than directly energy production. Further no service organization
has been ready to do maintenance, and all problems were handed individually.
An enormous quantity of data has been collected during the testing period, which has not yet been
fully analyzed. However, the work done up to now has confirmed that the performance predicted on
the basis of wave tank testing and turbine model tests can be achieved in a full scale prototype.
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Looking at the period May 2003 to December 2004 and scaling the energy production (1:4.5) to a
North Sea condition the Nissum Bredning Prototype Wave Dragon has been able to produce from 50
to 500 MWh/month. Accounting for down periods and testing periods the real production for a
system with 100% availability would be approx. 3.2 GWh/year.
The latest tests have shown that an optimal setting of the set points of the PM generators has
increased the power production with a factor 2. Therefore it is assumed that the real production easily
could have been 6.5 GWh/year (6.1 GWh/y with 95 % availability).
Measured (20% availability)
Nissum Bredning
(< 0.4 kW/m)
3.3 MWh/y
Calculated (100% availability)
16.5 MWh/y
Estimated Improved
generators (95% availability)
31.4 MWh/y
North Sea
(24 kW/m waves)
Atlantic
(48 kW/m waves)
6.1 GWh/y
17.7 GWh/y
Still there is a margin to the estimated production of 12 GWh/year. Measurements of the hydraulic
power indicate that it will be possible to reach this value of energy production. Some of the
discrepancies are believed to be due to the scaling which will cause extra energy losses in bearings
etc.
To improve management, condensation and usability of acquired data a software tool has been
developed, implemented and tested using Nissum Bredning data.
Figure 4.13 Control system for Wave Dragon [18]
4.4 Monitoring system

Several of the transducers used on the Nissum Bredning prototype have failed during the first
three years of deployment. Therefore the system of transducers to be used on the North Sea
prototype should be robust. Redundancy is necessary to ensure valid information is available
even if several of the transducers fail. This is especially important for the transducers relevant for
the real time control of the device and measure of performance.
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In general it is intended to ensure redundancy by using the available information in numerous

estimates. E.g. will the signals from the pressure transducers in the reservoir be used to estimate
heel and trim, in addition to pressure transducers on the bottom of the device and inclinometers.
Some measured values can however only be measured by a single type of transducer, and in these
cases redundancy will be ensured by using more than one identical transducers. These identical
transducers should be connected to different electrical groups to minimize the risk of e.g. power
failure for all transducers.
4.5 Risk assessment and Environmental Impact Assessment

Objectives
To establish an Environment Impact Assessment report and issue an consent application
Wave Dragon Wales Ltd has together with Wave Dragon ApS finalised the Environment Impact
Assessment [5], [6] and [7]. The consent application has April 2007 been delivered to the
authority [8]. Consent is expected end of 2009.
The physical environment assessment has considered potential impacts through effects on the
following major environmental aspects:
Water quality;
Coastal processes;
Onshore physical environment.
The biological environment assessment has considered potential impact upon marine, inter-tidal
and land based ecology including:
Fish;
Electromagnetic fields;
Marine mammals;
Onshore and inter-tidal ecology;
Birds.
The human environment assessment has considered impact of the Wave Dragon device upon:
Landscape and seascape;
Archaeology;
Socio-economic;
Noise;
Commercial fisheries;
Navigation.
No significant impacts have been identified with the exception of potential significant impacts on
some marine seabed habitat caused by the cable installation. It is anticipated that through a
strategy of avoidance of such habitat and micro-siting of components on the seabed, the overall
impact will be reduced to an acceptable level.
Feedback from the stakeholders has been dealt with. No serious problems not be overcome have
been identified.
Two public meetings have been held.
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Figure 4.14 Public meeting in Marloes March 2006.
Figure 4.15 Results of the navigation study from the Environmental Impact Assessment.
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Figure 4.16 3 Sites for special drop down camera investigations for benthic ecology
Two special studies have been initiated and finalised after the EIA has been issued: one about the
Scaly Cricket [9] and one about the benthic ecology [10]. The results have been summarised in
the report [11]. The sites for the special drop down camera investigations are illustrated in the
figure.
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5 Construction, manufacturing and deployment

Objectives
To study how and where in West Wales production can take place. Considerations have to
be taken to opportunities for mass production at a later stage.
To manufacture the wave Dragon
The method for construction of the 33,000 tonne device will depend on the negotiation with
contractors and the equipment available for the period of construction. The manufacturing of the
reinforced concrete structure is straightforward using standard methods from the civil
engineering field.
The actual construction process can be one of the following methods [19]:
Using an existing dry dock sufficient large (i.e. Nigg north of Inverness1, Copenhagen
North Harbour) could be used. As the transport distance could be considerable and by its
nature Wave Dragon is design as a terminator (stopping the waves) it is not very
obvious to transport it over long distances.
Using a floating barge of steel moored along the quayside in the harbour (100 meter
industrial type). The barge will be submerged during construction and when Wave Dragon
is of sufficient strength the barge can be removed as the Wave Dragon will then be able to
float itself.
Using existing building sites onshore to manufacture different components and finally
bringing the components to the quayside where they will be connected using pre-stress
techniques known from bridge and tunnel building.
Building the whole unit on a slip way (100 m width) and launching the device into the
water in the manner used for traditional shipbuilding.
The gravity block anchors and reflectors will be manufactured at an existing building site or on
the same site as used for Wave Dragon.
Wave Dragon can, to a large extend, be constructed, deployed, operated and maintained by the
use of subcontractors.
Now abandoned.
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Figure 5.1 Selection of the main body for casting in small parts. Source [19].
Most of the components are standard industrial components or can be manufactured by skilled
workshops (e.g. turbines) with some know how transfer form an established turbine
manufacturer. Installation works requires skilled electricians, metalworkers etc. To illustrate this:
installation of generators, onboard cabling, and installation of hydraulic components etc. on the
Danish prototype were done by local companies found in the yellow-pages.
Figure 5.2 Pembroke Dock used

as site for construction study.
After the device is free floating it will be fitted with remaining installations like turbines,
generators, power electronics, etc., whilst still along the quayside.
The Wave Dragon unit is expected to be constructed at a port close to the deployment site. In the
feasibility study a site at the Welsh west coast - Pembroke Dock - has been used as a case study.
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6 Establishment of monitoring system, operation and maintenance

Objectives
To establish and install the monitoring system including a wave rider buoy
To test the monitoring system, the control and the safety systems installed
To test the hydraulic behaviour of the Wave Dragon in calm water before deployment
To overview the day to day operation management of the Wave Dragon prototype
To study the environmental impact on and from the sea
Tasks closely related to the detailed design and the operational system have been postponed in
order to await the final decisions about the manufacturing. Only work related to the monitoring
system has started.
It has been concluded, that a standalone data acquisition system, separate from the main SCADA and
management tools, would be beneficial for scientific monitoring purposes. A further development the
in-house commercial DAQ software has been developed to support continuous data logging and
analysis.
The results from an environment assessment of the impact from the outflow of water from the
turbines to the sea bed are illustrated in figure 6.1 and 6.2. No significant impact can be expected.
Figure 6.1 Temperature distribution in degrees Celsius with a 0.5m/s tidal flow. Representation of Wave
Dragon device superimposed [12].
24 of 50
Figure 6.2 Resultant flow magnitude in m/s of a single outlet stream in a 0.5m/s tidal flow [12].
25 of 50
7 Power production and control strategy

Objectives
To test and improve the strategy for regulating the freeboard in accordance with changing
wave climate
To test, develop and optimise the existing turbine regulation strategy
To establish long-term operational data on turbine operation and power take-off systems
To test the developed short-term (2-3 wave periods) overtopping forecasting model in the
turbine control based on wave and overtopping measurements
To measure and evaluate power quality aspects based on power data measured onboard
Only work related to the power production and grid connection has been carried out.
Buoyancy Control
Based on the Nissum Bredning experience, investigations on the effect from performance of the
buoyancy control on the power production, indicated that this was very large, and improved
algorithms for buoyancy control would be necessary to ensure continuous good power performance
through changing sea states. To this end studies resulting a new dynamic model and control
algorithms has been developed and tested against data from the Nissum Bredning prototype [18],
[20].
Power quality
The most problematic issue was nonsymmetrical voltage dips. In case of relatively small (up to
30%) dips DPC-SVM can operate with distorted current. However, deeper dips caused high
overshoots of phase currents (about 300%-400%) and current protections turned off the
converter.
To overcome these problems coming into being during grid voltage variations, several
compensation method were presented. The basic instruments were Phase Locked Loop and Low
Pass Filter and Notch Filter. To remove higher harmonics the compensation voltages were added
to Space Vector Modulator inputs, different for different harmonic levels. The signals were
received with the help of PLL.
26 of 50
Figure 7.1 The block schema of DPTC-SVM with voltage dips and higher harmonics compensation, [4]
27 of 50
Figure 7.2 Simulation results 3-L LSC with step-up chopper and diode GSC connected to multi-pole
PMSG. Steady state at constant command speed 26.17 rad/s (c. 250 rpm), [4]
The connection to infrastructure (grid and communication) has been studied [21]. The study is
now being evaluated by the local grid operator (Western Power). The weak grid connection in the
closest village (Marloes) has resulted in consideration of having a power simulator introduced. A
conclusion will be taken in due time in relation to the design of the PTO system.
28 of 50
Fig. 7.3 Grid transmission system. Source [21]
Fig. 7.4 Connection opportunities. Source [21]
29 of 50
8 LCA and Social Economic Aspects

Objectives
1. To assess the job creation potential for selected regions within the EU where deployment
of the Wave Dragon technology is relevant
2. To assess the value of electricity produced on Wave Dragon compared to offshore wind
generated electricity
3. To assess Life Cycle Assessment aspects for the Wave Dragon technology compared to
other energy technologies
Job creation potential figures and an environmental footprint of the device based on the LCA
methodology has been established [22]. A first assessment of the value of electricity has been
established based on Danish North Sea data.
8.1 Task WP6.1 Job creation

Methodology
As no historic data exist on wave or marine energy job creation one has to rely on data from
related or comparable industries like the wind power industry as reported in the CA-OWEE
project [23] and the CA-OE project [28].
First we identified the direct jobs related to construction, deployment, O&M etc. This was based
on figures for number of man-year pr. MW installed.
Secondly we calculated Wave Dragon specific employment multiplies. These multipliers describe
the number of jobs associated with support to the direct jobs.
These jobs/MW figures can be used on their own and seemed not to deviate much from country
to country (DK, UK, P). But to illustrate the job creation potential we finally used these figures in
a scenario where deployment of Wave Dragon farms partly taking place locally in Welsh waters
(short term) and partly in UK waters (long term) by 2010/11 covering 1% and by 2015/16
covering 5% of UK renewable energy goal.
Please note, the R&D, the consent process, administration and sales and decommissioning are
not included in the calculation.
Direct job creation
Based on job creation studies based on offshore wind experience reported in the CA-OWEE
project [23] job creation from wave energy converter industry can be expected to be:
Direct job creation: Jobs/MW
Construction and deployment
Operation and maintenance
2006
2019
10
0.03-0.1
4.6
0.03-0.1
Table 8.1: Job creation figures for Wave Dragon based on the CA-OWEE study [23]
30 of 50
Based on the most recent experience from the Danish offshore wind power farms and our
own observation in this project a direct job creation multiplier on 0.21 seems more
reasonable. This figure is used below.
Direct job creation: Jobs/MW
2006
2019

10
0.21
4.6
0.21
Table 8.2: Job creation figures for Wave Dragon used in the following section.
Wave Dragon specific employment multiplies

Based on Scottish figures [24] two Wave Dragon specific employment multipliers have been
calculated. They have been based on the relative costs of components used in a Wave Dragon
study [25] and sector relevant multipliers:
Multiplier type
2006-19
Indirect job creation (multiplier type I)
1.53
Table 8.3: Wave Dragon specific employment multipliers.
Direct and indirect job creation will be:

Wave Dragon job created/MW
Direct + indirect
2006
15.3
0.32
2019
7.0
0.32
Table 8.4: Direct and indirect job creation for Wave Dragon.
Wave Dragon deployment scenario

The UK 10% renewable energy objective will require installing of 10-12 GW by 2010/11.
Wind power is expected to cover the largest part of this, about 80%.
The latest announcement from the UK government states that this period has been prolonged
to 2015/16 and the target increased to 15% and by 2020 20%.
Just to illustrate the potential job creation it has been assumed that deployments of Wave
Dragon units are to cover 1% of this target by 2010/11 and 5% by 2015/16, i.e. ~100 MW
and ~740 MW respectively.
Based on the todays deployment strategy - short term Wave Dragon job creation
(administration and R&D not included) in Wales, based on devices deployed on Welsh waters
in the coming years, will be:
31 of 50
Year
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Accumulated
deploy MW
7
28
59
87
87
97
Construction
2
75
198
273
229
69
O&M
Total
2
9
19
28
28
31
2
77
207
292
257
28
100
Table 8.5: Short term job potential based on deployment in Welsh waters.
Based on the long term target for UK the figures will be

Year
2006/07
2007/08
2008/09
2009/10
2010/11
2011/12
2012/13
2013/14
2014/15
2015/16
Accumulated
deployed
MW
7
28
59
97
147
222
342
517
738
Construction
etc
2
107
292
409
475
590
833
1,248
1,698
1,989
O&M
Total
2
9
19
31
47
71
109
165
236
2
109
301
428
506
637
904
1,357
1,863
2,225
Table 8.6: Long term job creation from Wave Dragon development scenario in UK waters.
WD has worked on improving the existing figures as described in [25]. After consultation with
among others the University of Southampton based on the information given at the Coordinated
Action Ocean Energy meeting in Copenhagen April 2007 [22] WD has come to the conclusion
that the following figures are still valid:
Wave Dragon job created/MW
Direct + indirect
2008
15.3
0.32
2019
7.0
0.32
Table 8.7: Direct and indirect job creation for Wave Dragon, [25].
8.2 Value of power produced and Life Cycle Analysis (LCA)

The results form a study based on Danish wind and wave data comparing electricity from
offshore wind with wave energy together are illustrated in the Fig. 8.1.
32 of 50
Power production in % of rated Power
December 19-20, 2001

100%
90%
80%
70%
60%
Wind-P
50%
Wave-P
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
19122001
18:0
19122001
19:0
19122001
20:0
19122001
21:0
19- 1912- 122001 2001

22:0 23:0
20122001
00:0
20122001
01:0
20122001
02:0
20122001
03:0
20122001
04:0
20122001
05:0
20122001
06:0
20- 2012- 122001 2001

07:0 08:0
20122001
09:0
20122001
10:0
20122001
11:0
Figure 8.1 How the wave generated power smoothen out the power [26]
A Life Cycle Analysis based on the preliminary LCA study has been carried out. This part of the
work has also been utilised in the NEEDS project [13]. The Wave Dragon environment footprint
is illustrated in the figure. When more data exist for the actual device for Wales an update will be
established.
Figure 8.2 Pollution contribution from Wave Dragon depending of the energy mix (different scenarios)
[13]
33 of 50
9 Dissemination and exploitation

Objectives
1. To disseminate the project results to the power industry, political bodies & NGOs
working within renewable energy, commercial players within renewable energy, the
international scientific communities and general public
2. To update the feasibility study and establish contact to essential end-users and venture
capital bodies
3. To apply for 5 new patents (expected)
The dissemination level has been high with intense interest from research organisations and the
press. Several articles and interviews have been produced. The participants have contributed by
giving presentations at meetings and conferences.
Task Dissemination
The dissemination activities have been carried out through by all partners.
A special part of the dissemination activities have been presenting the project to Venture Capital
companies, brokers and the general public.
The patent application has been postponed in order to include the last test results from the
prototype testing in Nissum Bredning.
Task Exploitation
Due to the delays this activity has not started yet.
34 of 50
10 References
Reports
[1] Soerensen, H.C.: Sea Testing and Optimisation of Power Production on a Scale 1:4.5
Test Rig of the Offshore Wave Energy Converter Wave Dragon, Final Technical Report
for the period October 2002 to March 2006, SPOK, Copenhagen, June 2006, 100 pp.
[2] Friis-Madsen, E.: Work Packages 1.1 Integrated Design, Copenhagen, May 2009, xx
pp.
[3] Knapp, W: Development and validation of technical and economic feasibility of a
multi MW Wave Dragon offshore wave energy converter, June 2009, 34 pp.
[4] Jasinski, Marek & Kazmierkowski, Marian P. et. Al: Scaling up/design Development
and design of full size power producing unit and subsystem, Task WP1.2, Power takeoff and control system, Task WP 5.3, Power Production: Annual report 2009; Institute
of Control and Industrial Electronics, Warsaw University of Technology, April 2009,
32 pp.
[5] Wave Dragon Wales (2007): Wave Dragon Pre-Commercial Wave Energy Device,
Environmental Statement Volume 1: Non-Technical Summary, 36 pp (in English and
Welsh)
Environmental Statement Volume 2: Technical Report, 434 pp.
Environmental Statement Volume 3: Figures 7 pp + 123 figures
[8] Wave Dragon Wales: Consent Application for DTI/DEFRA, April 27, 2007.
[9] CMACS: Wave Dragon pre-commercial wave energy device; Scaly Cricket Survey;
document: J3045 v1, August 2007, 24 pp.
[10] CMACS: Wave Dragon Subtidal Benthic Ecology Visual Survey, Field Report v2;
document: J3045 v2, August 2007, 24 pp.
[11] CMACS: Wave Dragon pre-commercial Demonstrator; Benthic Environmental Impact
assessment update Based on supplementary benthic information, document: J3045 v2,
February 2008, 46 pp.
[12] Capman, J., Masters, I., Willis, M., Fidler, R.: Investigation into the mixing effect of a
7MW overtopping wave energy converter, Swansea University, School of Engineering,
April 2009, , April 2008, 14 pp.
[13] Soerensen, H. C. Report on Ocean Energy for the NEEDS project, EC contract
502687, August 2008, SPOK, 98 pp.
[14] NIRAS: Wave Dragon Feasibility Study in Welsh Waters, Mooring and Forces, report
for Wave Dragon Wales Ltd., Copenhagen, March 2005, 43 pp. Restricted.
[15] NIRAS: Wave Dragon 1:4.5 Up-scaling of mooring system, Copenhagen, September
2006, 28 pp. + 28 pp. appendix. Restricted.
[16] NIRAS: Milford Haven Wave Dragon Precommercial Demonstrator, Hydrographical
design conditions, Copenhagen, May 2007, 77 pp.
[17] EMU et al: Publishable Final Report Low Pressure Hydro Turbines and Control
Equipment for Wave Energy Converters (Wave Dragon), Contract JOR3-CT98-7027,
Copenhagen, 2000, Denmark, 31 pp
[18] Kofoed, J. P., Frigaard, P.: Wave Dragon MW - Final Summary Report, Aalborg
University, 2009, 22 pp.
35 of 50
[19] M T Hoejgaard: Wave Dragon Feasibility Studies of Construction Methods,

Copenhagen, March 2005, rapport for Wave Dragon Wales Ltd, 19 pp. Confidential
[20] Kofoed, J. P. et al: Influence of buoyancy control performance on power production by
the Wave Dragon Nissum Bredning Prototype, ISOPE 2007, Lisbon, 8 pages
[21] ESBI Engineering: Connection Options for a Wave Dragon Generator Located off
Freshwater West Pembrokeshire, Dublin, March 2005, report for Wave Dragon Wales
Ltd, 33 pp. Restricted.
[22] Bahaj, Bakr & Batten, William: Job creation in Europe from Ocean Energy,
Sustainable Energy Research Group, School of Civil Engineering and the
Environment, University of Southampton, Contribution to CA-OE workshop 5,
Copenhagen, April, 2007
[23] Soerensen, H.C. et. al.: CA-OWEE (Concerted Action on Offshore Wind Energy in
Europe), Summary paper, September 2002, 10 pp.
[24] Final Report from the Work of the European Thematic Network on Wave Energy.
Project funded by the European Community, ERK5-CT1999-2002, 27 pp summary in
Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews no. 6, pp. 403-431, 2003 www.waveenergy.net
[25] Soerensen, H. C. & Christensen, L.: Note on job creation related to Wave Dragon
deployed in Welsh Water, Copenhagen, April 2006, 9 pp.
[26] Soerensen, H.C., Nielsen, K. et al: Blgekraftanlg ved Horns Rev Screening (Wave
energy deployment at Horns Rev Wind Farm, SPOK, Copenhagen, 2005, 62 pp.
[27] Zhou, Zhongfu, Lewis, Richard & Igic, Petar: Wave Dragon (WD) WM Power Take
Off System, Electrical system configuration, power electronics converters and
generator control, Final report, Electronics Systems Design Centre, School of
Engineering, Swansea University, May 2009, 47 pp.
[28] Soerensen, H.C., Russell, I.: Work Session 5: Environmental, Economics, Development
Policy and Promotion of Opportunities. CA-OE, Project no. 502701, SPOK,
Copenhagen, 2007, 30 p.
36 of 50
11 Dissemination of knowledge
11.1 Website
The web-site (www.wavedragon.net) is supported by the EC in the current project and a new
project website (www.wavedragon.co.uk) has been established.
11.2 PR towards newspapers, magazines, radio and TV

All participants have worked actively with existing press contacts to promote articles and news
features locally, nationally and internationally. In addition to this press releases have been issued
to highlight major events.
PR towards newspapers, magazines, radio and TV
Name of media
Date
Author
Hydraulics and Coastal
February
Tedd, J.;
Engineering Journal No. 2009
Kofoed, J. P.
36
BBC Working Lunch
March 2006
Programme (UK)
New Civil Engineer
March 2006
(NCE) (UK)
Western Mail (UK)
March 2006
Milford and Western
Wales Mercury (UK)
Hydraulics and Coastal
Engineering Journal No.
42
March 2006
Industriens Dagblad
(DK)
04.05.2006
Agenda Institute of
Welsh Affairs (UK)
Western Telegraph (UK)
May 2006
May 2006
Radio Pembrokeshire
On the Water Front
(UK)
Tonnau (Welsh Lifestyle
Surf Magazine) (UK)
BBC Wales Today
programme (UK)
Energy Engineering
'Micro Generation
Special' (UK)
ReNews (UK)
May 2006
April 2006
Andersen, T.
L.; Tedd, J.;
Kramer, M.;
Kofoed, J. P.
Nymann, C.
May 2006
June 2006
June 2006
June 2006
September
2006
WD
Description
Article:
Data obtained from Prototype Wave Dragon in
Nissum Bredning
TV:
Feature on Wave Dragon
Article:
- on Wave Dragon
Article:
- on Wave Dragon
Article:
Front page article on Wave Dragon
Article:
Impact of Wave Dragon on Wave Climate
Article:
Ny strategi for grn energi modes med skepsis
Article:
- on Wave Dragon
Letter on Wave Dragon
Response on letter
Radiointerview:
with Iain Russell
WDW
Article:
Power from the Oceans
Article:
- on Wave Dragon
Article:
- on Wave Dragon
Article:
Wave Dragon Leads the Marine Charge
37 of 50
Jornal de Negsios
(POR)
13.10.2006
Nature Matters (UK)
October
2006
November
2006
09.12.2006
Tonnau (Welsh Lifestyle

Surf Magazine) (UK)
Berliner Morgenpost
(DE)
Brsen (DK)
Sonne, Wind und
Wrme (DE)
sterreich (AUS)
Sonne, Wind und
Wrme (DE)
Der Spiegel special
issue on Energy no 1
2007
Infrastructure Journal
www.ijononline.com
Energy Engineering
(UK)
Pembrokeshire
Partnership
Management Board
Erhvervsbladet (DK)
Schmann, B.
12.12.2006
December
2006
December
2006
December
2006
January/Feb
ruary 2007
07.02.2007
Kjorstad, J.
February
2007
February
2007
Article:
BESI assessora TecDragon em projecto de energia
das ondas. An article about the WD market
development activities in Portugal
Article:
- on Wave Dragon
Article:
- on Wave Dragon
Article:
Unendlich der Strom aus dem Meer
Article:
Rygklap til blgekraftselskab
Article:
- on Wave Dragon
Article:
kologische Energie vom Wellendrachen
Article:
Ein Meer an Energie. A feature on wave energy
Article:
A feature about the main wave energy technology
developers. Slange, Dracke oder Schnecke?
Article:
Wave Dragon weathers the rough seas of finance
Article:
Everyones a Winner
A publication to the public in Wales on what the EU
Objective One system has provided.
19.03.2007
Kjrsdam, F.
Politiken (DK)
14.04.2007
Jastrup, M.
Press release
April 2007
WD
Times (UK)
WDW
WDW
Environmental Statement announcement
WDW
WDW
WDW
28.04.2007
and
04.05.2007
28.04.2007
and
04.05.2007
28.04.2007
and
04.05.2007
28.04.2007
and
04.05.2007
28.04.2007
and
04.05.2007
May 2007
Articles:
Kapital i k til blgekraftanlg
CO2 reduktioner bringer blgekraften i fokus
Article:
Havets blger skal skabe job og energi
Press release about the application for consent and
EIA handed in to the Welsh Assembly Government
and DTI (UK)
Green Price (UK)
May 2007
London Gazette (UK)

Fishing News (UK)
Lloyds List
Western Mail (UK)
Article:
- on Wave Dragon Environmental Statement and
Consent Submission
Article:
- on Wave Dragon Environmental Statement and
Consent Submission
38 of 50
Times (UK)
London Gazette (UK)
Fishing News (UK)
Lloyds List (UK)
Western Mail (UK)
TV2 Nordjylland (DK)
http://www.tv2nord.dk/d
efault.asp?
PageID=4&Programme
PartID=114444&Progra
mmeDate=21-092007&Start=00:14:49&
Duration=00:08:45&File
Name=210907.wmv
June 2007
June 2007
June 2007
June 2007
June 2007
21.09.2007
WDW
WDW
WDW
WDW
WDW
Correction to previous advertisement

TV:
- feature with Aalborg University on Wave Energy
Kaleidoscope LOT
Polish Airlines in-Flight
magazine (PLN)
Industriemagazin (DE)
September
2007
Braumberger,
A.
Article:
Surfing Dragon
politiken.dk (DK)
September
2007
17.10.2007
www.cphpost.dk (DK)
17.10.2007
epn.dk (DK)
17.10.2007
Politiken
www.erhvervsbladet.dk
(DK)
Nature (UK)
07.11.2007
Kjrsdam, F.
08.11.2007
Callaway, E.
Ingeniren web (DK)
23.11. 2007
Wittrup, S.
Miesicznik Politechniki
Warszawskiej, Nr 12
(120), Rok X, ISSN
1640 8411 (PLN)
Research EU Special
Issue
Research EU Spezial
Meer (DE)
December
2007
Abramczyk, A.
December
2007
December
2007
Leth, M.
Fremtidens Energi (DK)
December
2007
Ketler, A.
Thisted Dagblad (DK)
24.01.2008
Holm, P.E.
Energy 2.0 (DE)
February
2008
16.03. 2008
KlinglerDeiseroth, C.
Srensen,
B.H.
Berlingske Tidende (DK)
Rothenborg,
M., Dahlager,
L.
Leth, M.
www.challengesforengin
eers.com (UK)
Ing.dk (DK)
18.03.2008
16.04.2008
Bredsdorff, M.
Brsen (DK)
16.04. 2008
Martini, J.
Article:
Perfekte Welle
Article:
Udlandet overtager dansk blgekraft
Article:
Funding freeze forces wave energy abroad
Article:
Danmarks frste blgeenergianlg skal ligge i
Wales
Article:
Danske blge-projekter sger til udlandet
Article:
To catch a wave
Article:
Teknologierne frem p banen
Article:
Energia z fal
Article:
The Wave Dragon sets sail
Article:
Ein wellenfressender Drache
Articles:
Blgeenergi et nyt vindeventyr
Blgedragen
Article:
Wave Dragon kommer snart ud i
Limfjorden igen
Article:
Energie aus dem Meer
Article:
Fremtidens Energi rider p en blge
Article:
Wave Dragon
Article:
Svenskere vil satse stort p dansk blgekraft
Article:
Dansk superprojekt tabt til Wales
39 of 50
Brsen (DK)
16.04. 2008
Wave Dragon (UK)
23.04. 2008
Wave Dragon (DK)
29.04. 2007
Brsen (DK)
30.04. 2008
Martini, J.
Brsen (DK)
07.05. 2008
Martini, J.
Electric Power
Research Institute
08.05.2008
Houle, A.,
Bedard, R.
www.afxnews.com
13.05.2008
AP
www.finanznachrichten.
de (DE)
www.sharewatch.com
13.05.2008
AP
13.05.2008
AP
www.forbes.com
14.05.2008
Houston Chronicle,
www.chron.com (US)
www.busrep.co.za
14.05.2008
www.freep.com
18.05.2008
www.emagazine.com
20.05.2008
AP, Wardell,
J.
AP, Wardell,
J.
AP, Wardell,
J.
AP, Wardell,
J.
Gies, E
PalmBeachPost.com
(US)
25.05.2008
wastedmonkeys.com
25.05.2008
www.emagazine.com
May 2008
e-book software
www.buku-elektronikgratis.blogspot.com
Ingeniren (DK)
May 2008
14.05.2008
06.06. 2008
Morgenavisen
Jyllandsposten (DK)
Brsen (DK)
06.06. 2008
Nordjyske Stiftstidende
(DK)
Epn.dk (DK)
15.07.2008
Copenhagen Capacity
Webpage (DK)
Thisted Dagblad (DK)
14.07. 2008
Martini, J.
AP, Wardell,
J.
Gies, E.
Wittrup, S.
Martini, J.
17.07. 2007
23.07. 2008
30.07.2008
EuroNews 8 countries
July 2008
COP 15 webpage
July 2008
Infocus: Wave Energy

(UK)
July 2008
Hougaard, C.
Gross, D.
Article:
Vattenfall stter fuld kraft p blgerne
Press release: Wave Dragon appoints a chief
executive
Press release: Dansk blgekraft bag verdens
strste blgekraftanlg
Article:
Politisk pres for at hve tilskud til blgekraft
Article:
Blgeanlg udfordres af storme og saltvand
Article:
An overview: Ocean and Tidal In-Stream
Technology Development Status
Article:
Former coal center Wales looks toward green future
Article:
Article:
Article:
Wales looks toward green future
Article:
Wales looks toward green future
Article:
Wales turns black to green in new age og energy
Article:
Wales lures green firms
Article:
From Wave Energy to Wind
Article:
Offshore wave energy could turn Wales green once
again
Article:
Harnessing ocean wave energy
Commentary: Renewable Wales. From Wave
Energy to Wind
Marine Renewable Energy
Article:
Energimastodonter investerer nu i blgekraft,
Tredje blgerkke p vej
Article:
Dansk blgekraft i overhalingsbanen
Article:
Dansk blgekraft tt p milliardgennembrud
Article:
Dansk blgekraft tt p realitet
Article:
Danmarks frste blgeenergianlg skal ligge i
Wales
Article:
Danish wave energy close to major breakthrough
Article:
Wave Dragon p vej tilbage til Helligs
TV:
8 minutes news about Wave Dragon and MCT
Article:
Danish wave power technology is coming of age
Article:
Harnessing wave power
40 of 50
World Watch Magazine
Jeffries, E
Article:
Ocean Motion Power
20.08.
2008
20.08.
2008
31.08.2008
Srensen,
B.H.
Srensen,
B.H.
Srensen,
B.H.
Halter, R.
03.09.2008
Martini, J.
Brsen (DK)
01.10.2008
Winther, B.
Philadelphia Inquirer
(US)
EU-information (DK)
25.10.2008
Bauers, S.
Article:
Blgeenergi
Article:
Dansk kamp om verdens frste blgekraftanlg
Article:
Blgekraftens gennembrud lader vente p sig
Article:
Its time to capture power of ocean waves
Article:
10 pct af vindsttten kan blse liv i nye teknologier
Article:
Undersisk kraftvrk p trapperne
Article:
Commercial projects harness energy from waves
Article:
Dansk energi star strkt i kampen om EU-midler
Article:
Rul blger, rul!
Article:
Energetyczne fale morskie
Berlingske.dk (DK)
The Calgary Herald
(CAN)
Brsen (DK)
TeknikPartner3 (DK)
GLOBEnergia (POL)
Quarterly 02.
2008, www.globeenergy.pl
ISSSN1897-1288.
Brsen klima (DK)
July/
August
2008
12.08.2008
October
2008
2008
Fog, J.
Quarterly
2008
Raus, M.
12.01.2009
Martini, J.
United Nations
University
Institute of Advanced
Studies
COP-14 Conference
Nordjyske.dk (DK)
December
2008
Esteban, M.
et al
01.02.2009
Kjller, E.
Nordjyske.dk (DK)
02.02.2009
Kjller, E.
Westdeutscher
Rundfunk Web special
Zukunft der Energie
(DE)
Dansk Energi (DK)
March 2009
Knapp, W.
18.05.2009
Tingkr, E.
Infrastructure Journal
23.06.2009
Kjorstad, J.
Article:
Dansk blgekraft i modvind
Article:
Innovation in Responding to Climate Change:
Nanotechnology, Ocean Energy and Forestry
Article:
Ny tid for blgekraft
Article:
Fornyet energi til blgekraften
Interview with W. Knapp, online on
http//www.wdr.de/themen/wissen/1/energie_de_zuk
unft/index.html
Article:
Fem procent blgekraft i 2030
Article:
Gravity of recession ebbs marine energy progress
11.3 Publications written by partners

All partners have written articles to conferences, technical magazines etc.
Publications written by partners
Author
Title
Frigaard, P.;
The Wave Energy Device:
Kofoed, J. P.;
Wave Dragon
Tedd, J.
Kofoed, J. P.
Ocean Energy Resource
Utilisation by Wave Dragon and
other Wave Energy Devices
Where?
ICSTEP 2006,
Tamil Nadu,
India
ECPE Seminar
on Renewable
Energies, ISET,
Kassel,
Germany
Date
7-9.
01.2006
Partner
AAU
Category
Conference
paper
9-10.02.
2006
AAU
Conference
paper
41 of 50
Publications written by partners

Author
Title
Jasinski, M. et al
Surfujacy smok, Surfing
Dragon
Corona, L.;
Kofoed, J. P.
Wave Induced Stresses

measured at the Wave Dragon
Nissum Bredning Prototype
Wahl, N.A.;
Kofoed, J.P.
Utilization of the Renewable

Energy Resource at Sea - the
Wave Energy Converter Wave
Dragon
Christensen, L.;
Friis-Madsen, E.;
Kofoed, J.P.;
Tedd, J.
Worlds largest wave energy

project 2007 in Wales
Tedd, J.; Kofoed,

J.P., FriisMadsen, E.
Tedd, J.; Kofoed,
J.P.; Knapp, W.;
Friis-Madsen, E.;
Soerensen, H.C.
Renovation of the Wave

Dragon Nissum Bredning
Prototype
Wave Dragon, prototype wave
power production
Soerensen, H.C.
Nye VE-industrieventyr - hvis vi

vil
Life Cycle Assessment of the
Wave Energy Converter: Wave
Dragon
Soerensen, H.C.;
Russell, I.
Soerensen, H.C.
et al
Huertas-Olivares,
C.; Patricio, S.;
Russell, I.;
Gardner, F.; van
tHoff, J.;
Neumann, F.
Russell, I.;
Soerensen, H.C.;
Bean,D.
Gilling, L.;
Kofoed, J. P.
Tedd. J.; Kofoed,
J. P.
Preliminary Results from

Second Phase Sea Testing of
the Wave Dragon Prototype
Wave Energy Converter
The EIA approach to wave
energy within the European
Research Training Network
WAVETRAIN
Environmental Impact
Assessment of a Wave Energy
Converter: Wave Dragon
Wave overtopping
characteristics of the Wave
Dragon
Specification for of Multi MW
Wave Dragon Offshore Wave
Energy Converter
Where?
LOT flight
Magazine
Kaleidoscope
Third CA-OE
Workshop
System Design,
Construction,
Reliability and
Safety,
Amsterdam,
General
Assembly &
Congress
European
Geosciences
Union - EGU
06, Vienna,
Austria
PowerGen
2006 Europe
Conference,
Cologne,
Germany
ISOPE 2006,
San Francisco,
USA
World
Renewable
Energy
Congress - IX,
Florence, Italy
Naturlig energi
Date
Partner
WUT
Category
Non
technical
30-31.03.
2006
AAU
Conference
paper
02-07.04.
2006
AAU
Conference
paper
May
2006
WD
AAU
Conference
paper
28.0502.06.
2006
19-25.08.
2006
AAU
WD
Conference
paper
AAU
WD
TUM
Conference
paper
August
2006
23-24.10.
2006
WD
Non
technical
Conference
paper &
poster
23-24.10.
2006
WD
Conference
paper
23-24.10.
2006
WDW
Conference
paper
International
Conference on
Ocean Energy
Bremerhaven
DCE Contract
Report No. 9
23-24.10.
2006
WDW
Conference
paper
Novembe
r 2006
AAU
Technical
report
DCE Contract
Report No. 8
Novembe
r 2006
AAU
Technical
report
International
Conference on
Ocean Energy
Bremerhaven
International
Conference on
Ocean Energy
Bremerhaven
International
Conference on
Ocean Energy
Bremerhaven
WD
42 of 50
Kofoed, J. P.;
Frigaard, P.;
Kramer, M.
Recent developments of
wave energy utilization in
Denmark
Frigaard, P. et al
3 years experience with

energy production on the
Nissum Bredning Wave
Dragon Proto Type
Neumann, F.;
Tedd, J.; Prado,
M.; Cruz, J.;
Russell, I.;
Patricio, S.; La
Regina, V.
Borgarino, B.;
Kofoed, J. P.;
Tedd, J.
Borgarino, B.;
Kofoed, J. P.;
Tedd, J.
Licensing and Environmental

Issues of Wave Energy
Projects
Kofoed, J.P.;
Frigaard, P.; FriisMadsen, E.;
Soerensen, H.C.
Kofoed, J.P.;
Frigaard, P.;
Tedd, J.; FriisMadsen, E.
Russell, I.
Presented as
invited speaker at
Workshop on
renewable ocean
energy utilization
at 20th annual
conference,
organized by
Korean Society of
Ocean
Engineers,
Busan, South
Korea
4th CA-OE
Workshop
Coordinated
Action on Ocean
Energy,
Performance
Monitoring of
Ocean Energy
Systems, Lisbon,
Portugal
PowerGen
Europe: Meet the
future
16-17.11.
2006
AAU
Conference
paper
16-17.11.
2006
AAU
Conference
paper
1-6. 07.
2006
WD
Conference
paper
Development of a generic
power simulation tool for
overtopping based WEC
Experimental overtopping
investigation for the Wave
Dragon Effects of reflectors
and their attachments
Prototype testing of the wave
energy converter Wave
Dragon
DCE Technical
Report No. 37
Septemb
er 2006
AAU
Technical
report
DCE Technical
Report No. 37
Septemb
er 2006
AAU
Technical
report
Renewable
Energy Journal
31
2006
WD
AAU
Journal
paper
Power Production
Performance of the wave
prototype: status after Three
Years
Wave Dragon Energy project
WREC/WREN
World Renewable
Energy Congress
IX and Axhibition
2006
AAU
WD
Conference
paper
Friends of
Pembrokeshire
National Park;
News and Views
Zakopane
Konference
Spring
2007
WDW
Non
technical
March
2007
WUT
Conference
paper
European
Climate Forum
Berlin
Powereng 2007,
Portugal, Setubal
March
2007
WD
Conference
paper
12.04.
2007
WUT
Conference
paper
Kazmierkowski,
M.P.Jasinski, M.
et al
Soerensen, H.C.
et al
Ocean Energy Converter Wave Dragon MW
Jasinski, M.;
Swierczynski, D.;
Kazmierkowski,
M.P.
Direct Active and Reactive

Power Control of AC/DC/AC
Converter with Permanent
Magnet Synchronous
Generator for Sea Wave
Converter
Position paper
43 of 50
Wahl, N.A.;
Kofoed, J.P.
Methods for Utilizing

Renewable Energy
Resources Sea and Land
Based Energy Converters
Kazmierkowski,
M.P.; Jasinski, M.
et al
Scaling up/design
Development and design of
full size power producing unit
and subsystem Task WP1.2,
Power take-off and control
system
Blgeenergi havets
uudtmmelige
energiressource
Offshore Wave Energy
Christensen, L.
Christensen, L.
Candelara, A.
Zhou, Z. et al
WD
WD
Jasinski, M.;
Malinowski, M.;
Kazmierkowski,
M.P.; Soerensen,
H.C.; FriisMadsen, E.;
Swierczynski, D.
Jasinski, M.;
Kazmierkowski,
M.P.
Kofoed, J.P.;
Tedd, J.; FriisMadsen, E.;
Nimskov, M.
Tedd, J.al
Jasinski, M.
Zhou, Z.;
Soerensen, H.C.;
Jasinski, M.;
Malinowski, M.;
Knapp, W.;
MacEnri, J.; Friis-
Planning the Deployment of

Wave Energy in Portugal,
with GIS Support The Wave
Dragon Case-Study
Wave Dragon (WD) MW
Power Take Off System, First
Annual Report
Wave Dragon Brochure China
Wave Dragon Brochure
General
Control of AC/DC/AC
Converter for Multi MW Wave
Dragon Offshore Energy
Conversion System
Sterowanie wektorowe
podsystemu przemiennik
czstotliwoci AC/DC/ACgenerator w elektrowni na
fale morskie Wave Dragon
MW
Influence of buoyancy control
performance on power
production by the Wave
Prototype
Short term wave forecasting,
using digital filters, for
improved control of Wave
Energy Converters
Vector Control of AC/DC/AC
Converter-Generator Subset
in Wave-to-Wire Power Train
for Wave Dragon MW
A Frequency Converter
Control Strategy for a MW
Wave Energy Take-off
System
General
Assembly &
Congress
European
Geosciences
Union - EGU 07,
Vienna, Austria
WUT
15-20.04.
2007
AAU
Conference
paper
April
2007
WUT
Scientific
Geografisk
Orientering
May
2007
WD
Non
technical
On/Off Newsletter
May
2007
May
2007
WD
Non
technical
Scientific
report
May
2007
UWS
Scientific
June
2007
June
2007
04-07.06.
2007
WD
General
leaflet
General
leaflet
Conference
PES-6,
Koscielisko,
Polska
18-22.06.
2007
WUT
Domestics
Conf.
ISOPE 2007,
Lisbon, Portugal
01-06.07.
2007
AAU
WD
BAL
Conference
paper
ISOPE 2007,
Lisbon, Portugal
01-06.07.
2007
AAU, WD
Conference
paper
Eurocon,
Warszawa,
Polska
9-12.09.
2007
WUT
Conf.
7th European
Wave and Tidal
Energy
Conference,
EWTEC 2007,
Porto, Portugal
11-13.09.
2007
UWS
TUM
ESBI
WUT
WD
Conference
Paper
INETI report, CAOE study

UWS
ISIE 07, Vigo,

Spain
WD
WD
WUT
WD
44 of 50
Madsen, E.;
Christensen, L.;
Masters, I.; Igic,
P.
Zhou, Z.;
Jasinski, M.;
Malinowski, M.;
Knapp, W.;
MacEnri, J.;
Soerensen, H.C.;
Friis-Madsen, E.;
Christensen, L.;
Masters, I.; Igic,
P.
Russell, I.;
Soerensen, H.C.
A Frequency Converter
Control Strategy for a MW
Wave Energy Take-off
System
7th European
Wave and Tidal
Energy
Conference,
EWTEC 2007,
Porto, Portugal
11-13.09.
2007
UWS
WUT
ESBI
WD
TUM
Conference
paper
Results From UK EIA and

Consenting Process
11-13.09.
2007
WDW
Conference
paper
Tedd, J.; Kofoed,

J.P.; Jasinski, M;
Morris, A.; FriisMadsen, E.;
Wisniewski, R.;
Bendtsen, J.D.
Jasinski, M.;
Knapp, W.;
Faust, M.; FriisMadsen, E.
Advanced Control Techniques

for WEC Wave Dragon
11-13.09.
2007
WD
AAU
WUT
Conference
paper
11-13.09.
2007
WUT
TUM
WD
Conf.
Tedd, J.
Testing, Analysis and Control

of the Wave Dragon Wave
Energy Converter, ISSN
1901-7294
Wave Dragon MW Sea
Wave Energy System
Chapter 7 in textbook on
wave energy
Comparative study of
baseline environmental
studies in offshore renewable
energies
7th European
Wave and Tidal
Energy
Conference,
EWTEC 2007,
Porto, Portugal
7th European
Wave and Tidal
Energy
Conference,
EWTEC 2007,
Porto, Portugal
7th European
Wave and Tidal
Energy
Conference,
EWTEC 2007,
Porto, Portugal
Aalborg
University
Decembe
r 2007
AAU
PhD Thesis
PPEEm 2007
Decembe
r 2007
2007
WUT
Domestics
Conf.
Book
2007
WDW
Conference
paper
2007
WUT
Text book
2007
WUT
WD
TUM
UWS
Periodic
Kazmierkowsk,
M.P.; Jasinski, M.
Tedd, J.; Russell,
I.
Huertas-Olivares,
C.; Russell, I.;
Patricio, S.;
Neumann, F.;
Sarmento, A.
Jasinski, M.;
Kazmierkowski,
M.P.
Kazmierkowski,
M.P.; Jasiski,
M.; Malinowski,
M.; Patek, T.;
Styski, S.;
The Power Take-off System

of the Multi-MW Wave
Dragon Wave Energy
Converter
Direct Power and Torque

Control of AC/DC/DC
Converter-Generator Subset
for Renewable Sea Wave
Energy System Wave
Dragon MW
Sea Wave Energy Converter

Wave Dragon MW for Few
Megawatts Power Range
Springer Verlag,
Berlin
ISOPE 2007
Power
Electronics and
Electrical Drives
Selected
Problems
Edited by T.
OrlowskaKowalska,
OWPWr. ISBN
978-83-7493344-5
Proceedings of
Electro technical
Institute, Issue
231
WD
45 of 50
Antoniewicz, P.;
Koomyjski, W.;
wierczyski, D.;
Soerensen, H.C.;
Friis-Madsen, E.;
Christensen, L.;
Knapp, W.; Zhou,
Z.; Igic, P.
Soerensen, H.C.;
Weinstein, A.
Ocean Energy: Position

paper for IPCC
Kamierkowski,
M.P; Jasinski, M.;
Soerensen, H.C.
Pedersen, T. S.;
Nielsen, K. M.
Ocean Waves Energy

Converter - Wave Dragon
MW
A Dynamic Model of a
Buoyancy System in a Wave
Energy Power Plant
Zhou, Z.;
Holland, P.M.;
Knapp, W.;
MacEnri, J.;
Soerensen, H.C.;
Friis-Madsen, E.;
Igic, P.
Wave Energy Power Take-off

System Control and
Simulation
Zhou, Z.; Yang,

T.C.; Liwes, R.P.;
Igic, P.
Robust Design of Power

System Stabilizers using
Constrained optimal algorithm
for Multi-machine Power
Systems
Zhou, Z.; Knapp,

W.; MacEnri, J.;
Soerensen, H.C.;
Friis-Madsen, E.;
Masters, I.; Igic,
P.
Permanent Generator Control

and Electrical System
Configuration for Wave
Dragon MW Wave Energy
Take-off System
Frigaard, P.;
Kofoed, J.P.;
Nielsen, K.
Assessment of Wave Energy

Devices. Best Practice as
used in Denmark
Rothenhagen, K.;
Jasinski, M.;
Kazmierkowski,
M.P.
Kofoed, J.P.;
Frigaard, P.;
Hernndez, L.B.
Grid Connection of MultiMegawatt Clean Wave

Energy Power Plant under
Weak Grid Condition
Development of Wave Energy
Devices Past, Present and
Future: The Danish Case
IPCC RES
scoping
conference
Lbeck
Przegld
Elektrotechniczny
ISSN 0033-2097
Proc. The Fifth
International
Conference on
Informatics in
Control,
Automations and
Robotics,
ICINCO 2008
Proc. The Eighth
International
Conference on
Power and
Energy Systems,
IASTED
EuroPES 08,
Corfu , Greece
2008
Proc. The Eighth
International
Conference on
Power and
Energy Systems,
IASTED
EuroPES 08,
Corfu , Greece
2008
2007
WD
Conf.
February
2008
WUT
WD
11-15.05.
2008
AAU
Periodic
(Philadelphi
a List)
Power
electronics
23-25.06.
2008
UWS
ESBI
WD
TUM
Power
electronics
23-25.06.
2008
UWS
Power
system
Proc. Of IEEE
International
Symposium on
Industrial
Electronics
( ISIE08)
Cambridge, UK
World Renewable
Energy Congress
(WREC X),
Glasgow,
Scotland
EPE-PEMC
2008 Pozna
30.0602.07.
2008
UWS
TUM
WD
Power
electronics
Invited
contribution for
ECOR
(Engineering
Wave
energy
Wave
energy
21-25.07.
2008
AAU
Conference
paper
01-03.09.
2008
WUT
Conference
IEEE
23-24.10.
2008
AAU
Conference
paper
46 of 50
Soerensen, H.C.
Malinowski, m:;
Styski, S.;
Kolomyjski, W.;
Kazmierkowski,
M.P.
Beels, C.; Troch
P., De Visch K.;
Kofoed J. P.;
Tedd J.; De
Backer G.
Tedd, J.; Kofoed,
J.P.
Kofoed, J.P.
Kofoed, J.P.
ECF Background Paper 1

Global Investment for Climate
and Energy Security
Control of 3-Level PWM
Converter Applied to variableSpeed Type Turbines
Application of the timedependent mild-slope
equations for the simulation
of wake effects in the lee of a
farm of Wave Dragon wave
energy converters
Measurements of overtopping
flow time series on the Wave
Dragon, wave energy
converter
Resseurceopgrelse for
blgekraft I Danmark
IDAs Klimaplan 2050
Kofoed, J.P.;
Beels, C.; Troch,
P.; De Visch, K.;
De Backer, G.;
De Rouck, J.
Numerical simulation of wake

effects in the lee of a farm of
Wave Dragon wave energy
converters
Kofoed, J.P.;
Troch, P.; Victor,
L.
Validation of a numerical tool

to predict the individual wave
overtopping volumes of a
wave energy converter
Soerensen, H.C.;
Friis-Madsen, E.;
Kofoed, J.P.
Wave Dragon from prototype

to demonstrator
Kofoed, J.P.;
Frigaard, P.
Development of wave energy

devices: the Danish case
Igic, P.; Zhou, Z.;

Knapp, W.;
MacEnri, J.;
Soerensen, H.C.;
Friis-Madsen, E.
Multi MW Offshore Wave

Energy Converters - Electrical
System Configuration and
Generator Control Strategy
Committee on
Oceanic
Resources)
Symposium
2008: Specialists
Panel: Marine
Renewable
Energy. St.
Johns, Canada
European
Climate Forum
2008
WD
Scientific
report
IEEE Trans. On
Ind. Electronics,
Vol. 56, Number
1
January
2009
Renewable
Energy Journal
submitted
2009
AAU
Renewable
Energy Journal,
vol. 34, issue 3,
March
2009
AAU
Journal
paper
DCE Contract
Report No. 59
Teh Danish
Engineering
Society IDAs
Climate Plan
2050
8th European
Wave and Tidal
Energy
Conference
(EWTEC2009),
Uppsala, Sweden
8th European
Wave and Tidal
Energy
Conference
(EWTEC2009),
Uppsala, Sweden
8th European
Wave and Tidal
Energy
Conference
(EWTEC2009),
Uppsala, Sweden
Under review for
The journal of
Ocean
Technology, vol.
4, no.4
IET Renewable
Power
Generation
May
2009
May
2009
AAU
Technical
report
Technical
report
07-10.09.
2009
AAU
Conference
paper
07-10.09.
2009
AAU
Conference
paper
07-10.09.
2009
AAU
WD
Conference
paper
Decembe
r 2009
AAU
Journal
paper
Submitte
d
UWS
TUM
ESBI
WD
Journal
paper
AAU
Periodical
IEEE
(Philadelphi
a
List)
Journal
paper
47 of 50
11.4 Presentations at conferences, trade fairs, etc

Presentations at conferences, trade fairs etc
Conference
Date
Participants
Description
Plain Cymru Easter Fair,

Wales (UK)
April 2006
WDW
Presentation:
Stand
PowerGen 2006,
Florence (IT)
June 2006
(WD)
Presentation:
Hidroenergia 2006
June 2006
(KOS)
Presentation:
PhD Course Aalborg

University
18-22
September
2006
AAU
Lecturing:
Experimental Testing for Wave Energy
Utilisation and Coastal Engineering
Numerical modelling of oscillating body for
wave energy extraction
Ocean Energy,
Bremerhaven (DE)
October
2006
(WD)
(WDW)
Presentations:
3 presentations and 1 poster
CA-OE Lisbon (POR)
November2
006
(AAU)
(WD)
Presentation:
All-Energy, Aberdeen
(UK)
May 2007
I. Russell (WDW)
J. Tedd
(WD/AAU)
Presentation:
Green Week, EC
conference and
exhibition in
Charlemagne Building
(BEL)
June 2007
WD
Presentation:
WD stand
Guangzhou, China
3.-7.06.
2007
Dr. H. C.
Soerensen (WD)
Lecturing:
Ocean Energy and Wave Dragon
ISOPE 2007, Lisbon

(POR)
July 2007
(WD)
(AAU)
Presentation:
WATTs 2007, Isle of

Write (UK)
04.09.
2007
Dr. H. C.
Soerensen (WD)
Presentation:
Wave Dragon experience
Workshop Wavetrain,
Pico, Azores (POR)
24.-29.09.
2007
Dr. H. C.
Soerensen (WD)
J. Tedd
(WD/AAU)
P. Frigaard (AAU)
Lecturing:
Short Course finance, monitoring and
technique Wave Dragon
The 7th European Wave

and Tidal Energy
Conference (EWTEC
2007),
11-14
September
2007
Dr. P. Igic (UWS)

Dr. Z. Zhou
(UWS)
Presentation:
A Frequency Converter Control Strategy for a
MW Wave Energy Take-off System

and Tidal Energy
Conference, Porto (POR)
September
2007
(WD)
(WDW)
Presentation:
48 of 50

and Tidal Energy
September
2007
(AAU)
Presentation:

and Tidal Energy
September
2007
(TUM)
Presentation:
IDA, Copenhagen (DK)
30.10. 2007
E. Friis-Madsen
(WD)
Presentation:
Wave Dragon experience
Folkeuniversitetet Aarhus
(DK)
November
2007
Dr. H. C.
Soerensen (WD)
Lecturing:
IPPC meeting Lbeck

(DE)
20.-25.01.
2008
Dr. H. C.
Soerensen (WD)
Report and presentation:

EU launch of RES target,

Brussels (BEL)
30.01. 2008
Dr. H. C.
Soerensen (WD)
Presentation:
Staff form
electronics
design centre
Swansea
university
Presentation:
Introduction about Wave Dragon,
Power electronics technology
Pembroke Energy
technique, Power
electronics Road show
(UK)
February
2008
Guangzhou and
Hangzhou, China
7.-19.03.
2008
Dr. H. C.
Soerensen (WD)
Lecturing:
2. Deutsches
Meeresenergiforum,
Kassel (DE)
25.04.2008
Dr. W. Knapp
(TUM)
Presentation:
Wasserturbinen fr die Wellenenergienutzung.
Konzepte, Entwicklung und Test
23-25.06.
2008
Dr. P. Igic (UWS)

Dr. Z. Zhou
(UWS)
Presentation:
Wave Energy Power Take-off System Control
and Simulation
23-25.06.
2008
Dr. P. Igic (UWS)

Dr. Z. Zhou
(UWS)
Presentations:
Robust Design of Power System Stabilizers
using Constrained optimal algorithm for Multimachine Power Systems
Dr. P. Igic (UWS)

Dr. Z. Zhou
(UWS)
Presentations:
Permanent Generator Control and Electrical
System Configuration for Wave Dragon MW
Wave Energy Take-off System
The Eighth IASTED

International Conference
on Power and Energy
Systems
~EuroPES 2008~
The Eighth IASTED
International Conference
on Power and Energy
Systems
~EuroPES 2008~
2008 IEEE International
Symposium on Industrial
Electronics( ISIE08),
Cambridge, (UK)
30.0602.07.
2008
Technische Universitt
Stuttgart (DE)
09.07.2008
Dr. W. Knapp
(TUM)
Seminar at University of
Cergy (FR)
July 2008
M. Malinowski
(WUT)
Eurocenter Denmark
11.09.2008
North See Regional

Programme, Aberdeen
23.09.2008
Dr. H.C.
Soerensen (WD)
Dr.
H.C.Soerensen
(WD)
Lecture:
Wellenenergie: Stand der Technik/neue
Entwicklungen berblick und Fallbeispiel
Wave Dragon
Presentation
Ocean Waves Energy Converter - Wave
Dragon MW
Presentation
Presentation:
- on Ocean Energy
49 of 50
Danish Export Fund
29.09.2008
Dr.
H.C.Soerensen
(WD)
Dr.
H.C.Soerensen
(WD)
Kazmierkowski,
M.P. (WUT)
Jasinski, M.
(WUT)
Presentation:
Danish Parliament:
Opening conference on
Danish Energy Policies
United Nations University
Institute of Advanced
Studies
COP-14 Conferencem
Poznan (POL)
Seminar at University of
Federico Santa Maria,
Valparaiso, Chile
Pressensave, Brussels
08.10.2008
December
2008
M. Malinowski
(WUT)
10.02.2009
February
2009
Dr.
H.C.Soerensen
(WD)
M. Malinowski
(WUT)
Presentation:
Dragon MW
Presentation:
Wave Dragon from research to business
Seminar at Monash
University, Melbourne,
Australia
Seminar at Aucland
University, New Zealand
February
2009
M. Malinowski
(WUT)
Danish Engineering
Association, IDA,
Copenhagen (DK)
EVER 2009, Monaco
18.03.2009
Seminar at TU Dresden
(DE)
March 2009
Dr.
H.C.Soerensen
(WD)
M. Jasinski
(WUT)
P. Okon (WUT)
M.P.Kazmierkows
ki (WUT)
M. Malinowski
(WUT)
Stiftung Energie &

Klimaschutz, BadenWrttemberg AG,
Stuttgart (DE)
29.04.2009
Dr. W. Knapp
(TUM)
Compatibility and Power

Electronics, CPE 2009,
Badajoz (ES)
20-22.05.
2009
IEEE Industrial
Electronics Society
seminar on Renewable
Energy Systems
SERENE
Leonardo Energy,
Arnhem
12.06.2009
M. Jasinski
(WUT)
M. Bobrowska
(WUT)
P. Okon (WUT)
M.P.
Kazmierkowski
(WUT)
M. Jasinski
(WUT)
Wave Energy Summit
June 2009
10.12.2008
26-29.03.
2009
16.06.2009
Dr.
H.C.Soerensen
(WD)
Dr.
H.C.Soerensen
(WD)
Presentation:
Blgenergi: Danske muligheder for industriel
udvikling
Presentation:
Wave Dragon a multi
MW offshore wave energy converter
Presentation:
Dragon MW
Presentation:
Dragon MW
Presentation:
Wave Dragon from research to business
Presentation:
Control of Grid-Interfacing AC-DC-AC
Converter for Variable Speed Energy
Generation under Unbalanced and Distorted
Voltage Conditions
Presentation:
Dragon MW
Presentation:
Meereswellen eine Energiquelle der Zukunft.
Technische Mglichkeiten und aktuelle
Projekte berblick und Fallbeispiel Wave
Dragon
Presentation:
Control of AC-DC-AC Converter under
Unbalanced and Distorted Input conditions
Presentation:
Wave Dragon MW offshore wave energy
converter
Presentation:
Ocean Energy
Presentation:
34 ppt
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Wave Dragon

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Contract number 019883

Specific Targeted Project

Final Publishable Activity Report

Period covered: 1 April 2006 to 31 March 2009

Date of preparation: 17 August 2009

Start date of project: 1 April 2006

Project coordinator name: Hans Chr. Soerensen

PUBLISHABLE EXECUTIVE SUMMARY..............................................................................................3

PROJECT OBJECTIVES AND MAJOR ACHIEVEMENTS.................................................................6

SCALING UP/DESIGN - DEVELOPMENT AND DESIGN OF FULL SIZE POWER PRODUCING

CONSTRUCTION, MANUFACTURING AND DEPLOYMENT.............................................................21

ESTABLISHMENT OF MONITORING SYSTEM, OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE...................23

POWER PRODUCTION AND CONTROL STRATEGY...........................................................................25

LCA AND SOCIAL ECONOMIC ASPECTS..............................................................................................29

TASK WP6.1 JOB CREATION..........................................................................................................................29

DISSEMINATION AND EXPLOITATION................................................................................................33

2 Publishable executive summary

The following contractors are involved in the project:

3 Project objectives and major achievements

Environmental Impact Assessment

4 Scaling up/design - Development and design of full size power

4.1 Integrated design

Figure 4.1 Concept for manufacturing in a dry dock [2]

Figur 4.2 The main structural design members [2]

Mooring load and force response (zoom)

4.2 Power take-off and control system

Figure 4.9 Wave to wire model for Wave Dragon.

Figure 4.10 Priority list for the generator selection [4]

4.3 Operational and management scheme

Measured (20% availability)

Calculated (100% availability)

Figure 4.13 Control system for Wave Dragon [18]

4.4 Monitoring system

In general it is intended to ensure redundancy by using the available information in numerous

4.5 Risk assessment and Environmental Impact Assessment

Figure 4.14 Public meeting in Marloes March 2006.

5 Construction, manufacturing and deployment

Figure 5.2 Pembroke Dock used

6 Establishment of monitoring system, operation and maintenance

7 Power production and control strategy

Fig. 7.3 Grid transmission system. Source [21]

Fig. 7.4 Connection opportunities. Source [21]

8 LCA and Social Economic Aspects

8.1 Task WP6.1 Job creation

Construction and deployment

Wave Dragon specific employment multiplies

Indirect job creation (multiplier type I)

Table 8.3: Wave Dragon specific employment multipliers.

Direct and indirect job creation will be:

Wave Dragon deployment scenario

Based on the long term target for UK the figures will be

8.2 Value of power produced and Life Cycle Analysis (LCA)

Power production in % of rated Power

December 19-20, 2001

19- 1912- 122001 2001

20- 2012- 122001 2001

9 Dissemination and exploitation

[19] M T Hoejgaard: Wave Dragon Feasibility Studies of Construction Methods,