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    Cliff S Notes Geometry

    Uploaded by

    Kamal Sharma
    This document provides an overview of key geometry concepts tested on the GMAT: 1) It outlines common shapes like triangles, quadrilaterals, circles, and their defining properties such as angles, sides, areas, and perimeters. 2) It also discusses 3D shapes like rectangular solids and cylinders. 3) Additionally, it introduces coordinate geometry concepts like the x-axis, y-axis, points (x,y), slope-intercept form, and quadratic equations. 4) Many formulas are presented, including those for calculating triangle and circle properties, as well as the Pythagorean theorem.

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    Cliff S Notes Geometry

    Uploaded by

    Kamal Sharma
    195 views2 pages
    This document provides an overview of key geometry concepts tested on the GMAT: 1) It outlines common shapes like triangles, quadrilaterals, circles, and their defining properties such as angles, sides, areas, and perimeters. 2) It also discusses 3D shapes like rectangular solids and cylinders. 3) Additionally, it introduces coordinate geometry concepts like the x-axis, y-axis, points (x,y), slope-intercept form, and quadratic equations. 4) Many formulas are presented, including those for calculating triangle and circle properties, as well as the Pythagorean theorem.

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    grameer

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    Cliff s Notes Geometry

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    This document provides an overview of key geometry concepts tested on the GMAT: 1) It outlines common shapes like triangles, quadrilaterals, circles, and their defining properties such as angles, sides, areas, and perimeters. 2) It also discusses 3D shapes like rectangular solids and cylinders. 3) Additionally, it introduces coordinate geometry concepts like the x-axis, y-axis, points (x,y), slope-intercept form, and quadratic equations. 4) Many formulas are presented, including those for calculating triangle and circle properties, as well as the Pythagorean theorem.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    195 views2 pages

    Cliff S Notes Geometry

    Uploaded by

    Kamal Sharma
    This document provides an overview of key geometry concepts tested on the GMAT: 1) It outlines common shapes like triangles, quadrilaterals, circles, and their defining properties such as angles, sides, areas, and perimeters. 2) It also discusses 3D shapes like rectangular solids and cylinders. 3) Additionally, it introduces coordinate geometry concepts like the x-axis, y-axis, points (x,y), slope-intercept form, and quadratic equations. 4) Many formulas are presented, including those for calculating triangle and circle properties, as well as the Pythagorean theorem.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    of 2

    Cliffs Notes

    Geometry

    Approx. 10% of the quantitative portion of the GMAT


    Lines and Angles
    2 straight lines that intersect form 4 angles
    Sum of angles on one side = 180
    Angles on opposite sides of intersection are identical
    Parallel lines never intersect
    Perpendicular lines are at 90
    Triangles
    Sum of the angles in a triangle is 180, regardless of shape.
    Perimeter of a triangle is sum of the length of the sides (= a + b + c).
    Area of a triangle is base times height divided by 2: A = (b x h)/2
    Isosceles triangle: 2 sides are the same length; also 2 angles the same
    Equilateral triangle: all 3 sides the same length; all 3 angles 60
    Right triangle: one angle is 90
    Longest side is the hypotenuse
    Pythagorean Theorem: a2 + b2 = c2
    Can calculate length of 1 side based on other 2 - only if a right triangle
    Commonly used right triangles on GMAT have proportions 3, 4, 5 and 5, 12, 13; also 7, 24, 25
    30, 60, 90 triangle has side proportions 1, 31/2, & 2; isoc. 45, 45, 90 has sides 1, 1, 21/2
    31/2 = 1.73
    21/2 = 1.41
    Triangles that are not right triangles may often be split into multiple right triangles
    in order to calculate lengths that would otherwise be impossible to calculate.
    Quadrilaterals
    (angles) of n-sided polygon =
    Four sides; interior angles always add up to 360.
    (n-2)180
    Square - every side is the same length, every angle is 90.
    Area = a2
    Perimeter = 4a
    Rectangle - opposite sides are parallel and of same length; every angle is 90.
    Perimeter = 2a
    Area = a x b
    + 2b
    Parallelogram - opposite sides are parallel and of same length
    Perimeter = 2a
    Area = b x h (height)
    + 2b
    Trapezoid - 2 sides are parallel
    Area = h (b + c)/2
    Perimeter = a + b + c + d
    Circles
    Radius is distance from midpoint to circle
    d = 2r
    Diameter is distance across the circle, going through the midpoint.

    is the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter


    Area = r2

    Circumference = 2r or d

    = 3.14 or about
    22/7

    Chord - a line that connects any two points on a circle.


    Tangent - a light that touches a circle at only one point
    A tangent is perpendicular to the radius at the point of tangency.
    Arc - a section of the circle's perimeter; described by the angle.
    Length = d (Angle of arc / 360 )

    Inscribed angle (radius) is half of minor arc angle (diameter as end-point)


    Triangle formed by end points of diameter and 3rd point is a right triangle.
    3D Figures and Volumes
    Vertices are corners
    Edges are lines where faces intersect (units of length)
    Base means the area of a particular face (area has units of length 2)
    Volume = base x height (volume = area x length, has units of length 3)
    Rectangular solid - each side (face) a rectangle; each face at 90
    Cube - a rectangular side with all edges the same length
    Cylinder - base of cylinder is its circular face
    Coordinate geometry
    x-axis is horizontal
    y-axis is vertical
    Intersection of x and y axes is the origin
    Points on the coordinate plane described by (x,y)
    Can calculate distance between points using the Pythagorean Theorem
    Straight line on the coordinate plane can be described by equation y = ax + b
    a describes the slope of the line
    b describes the y-intercept
    Quadratic equations (y = ax2 + bx + c) produce curved lines

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