Chapter 8 Part 1 Weebly Notes

Chapter
8, Part 1
Japan
The Eect of Geography on Japan
According to legend, the islands of Japan were formed
from drops of water from a jeweled spear of a god.
Japan are islands located 120 miles from mainland Asia.

DISADVANTAGES
Volcanoes, earthquakes, Idal waves, and hurricanes are
a constant danger because Japan is located within the
Ring of Fire.
Only 15 percent of land is at enough for farming, and
the islands have few natural resources such as coal and
oil.

ADVANTAGES
Mild climate with plenty of rain, which allows rice to
grow well.
The ocean provides abundant sh for food.
The ocean also provided defense from invaders.
WATCH Lonely Planet - Japan Culture Revealed

Early Japanese Society
Shinto is a tradiIonal Japanese religion.
Shinto means way of the gods, and is a religion

based on respect for nature and ancestors.
Shinto believe everything in nature (rocks, trees,

rivers) have divine spirits.
Early Japan was divided into clans. Clans were family

members who were related by blood or marriage.
Clans fought one another for land because land was

the main source of wealth and power in Japan.

China described Japan as Nippon, which means the
land of the rising sun.
WATCH Last Samurai Movie Trailer

Chinese Inuences on Japan
Areas of Influence How Japan Adapted Chinese Influences
Religion Combined Buddhism with traditional Shinto rituals
Government Adopted principles of Confucianism for Japanese
government
Writing System Used Chinese characters to stand for additional ideas
and sounds in language
Arts Employed Chinese techniques and themes, especially
in landscape painting
Agriculture Adapted Chinese wet-field rice cultivation to Japans
island environment

Useful Japanese Phrases
English Japanese
Hello Moshi moshi
Good morning Ohayo
Good afternoon Konichiwa
Good evening Konbanwa
Good night Oyasumi
Please Kudasai
Sorry Gomen nasai
Thank you Arigato
Where is the restroom? Benjo wa doko desu ka?
I love you Suki da
Suki dayo

The Reign of Prince Shotoku
In the 400s C.E., the Yamato clan from central Japan
was the most powerful.
Japans rst emperors were from the Yamato clan.
It is believed that members of the Yamato clan were

descendants of the sun goddess.
The Japanese believed there emperors were divine,

which means godlike.
If a child became emperor at a very young age, a

regent was appointed to rule unIl the child emperor
was old enough to rule.
One of Japans most important regents was Prince

Shotoku who ruled from 593 to 622 C.E.
WATCH Tokyo Expedia

Shotoku Introduces Chinese Culture to Japan
Shotoku sent Japanese scholars and arIsts to study

in China.

Shotoku invited skilled workers from China to
Japan.
Shotoku opened a Japanese embassy in China. An

embassy is a government oce in another country.
Shotoku created guidelines for Japanese leaders

based on Confucian principles, such as hardwork
and obedience, in the Seventeen ArIcle
ConsItuIon.
Shotoku help blend the tradiIonal Japanese religion

of Shinto with Buddhism from China.
COMPARE AND CONTRAST Japanese Internment and

Trumps ExecuIve Orders
Japanese Society
Samurai and Shoguns
Afer Prince Shotoku died, the emperors that followed were
only gureheads. Figureheads are leaders who appear to
have power, but do not.

In the 800s, the Fujiwara clan became the most powerful
family in Japan, and ruled for 300 years.
During the 1100s, the power of the Fujiwara clan declined,

and the lord-vassal system started in Japan.
Lord-vassal system is when landowners (lords) give land to

people (vassals) in exchange their loyalty, which included
military service.
Wealthy landowners called daimyos hired trained warriors

known as samurais for protecIon and to increase their
power the daimyos agacked other daimyos.

The samurai wore armor made of iron, leather, and copper.

WATCH 47 Ronin Trailer
The Rise of a Military Society
The samurais were led by shoguns, which means supreme
commander of the army.
A shogun ruled on the emperors behalf.

The samurais lived by a warrior code called bushido.
Honor
Loyalty
Bravery
Samurais believed dying an honorable death was more important

than a long life.
In Ancient Japan women from warrior learned to handle

weapons to protect the family, some women inherited land, and
a few became samurais.

In 1192, Minamoto Yoritomo became the rst shogun, and Japan
would become a shogunate, or military government, for nearly
700 years.

WATCH The Last Samurai Seppuku Scene
3 Powerful Warriors Unify Japan
3 strong military leaders helped to unify Japan, and ended the
ghIng between rival daimyo.

1) Oda Nobunaga (ON)
In the mid-1500s C.E., Nobunagas soldiers were the rst Japanese
to use guns.
Nobunaga and his samurais defeated armies that were many Imes
larger than his own.

2) Toyotomi Hideyoshi (TH)
Hideyoshi was born a peasant, became a common soldier, and
would become a military leader.
Hideyoshi controlled all of Japan when he died in 1598.
Afer Hideyoshi died his general fought wars against each other to
rule Japan.

3) Tokugawa Ieyasu (TI)
In 1603, Ieyasu won the wars, and was named shogun.
Ieyasus started a dynasty, known as the Tokugawa Shogunate,
that ruled unIl 1868.
Ieyasu built the capital at Edo, known today as Tokyo.
WATCH AND DISCUSS 2011 Japanese Earthquake and Nuclear Disaster

Japanese Culture
Zen Buddhism became popular in Japan. Zen put an
emphasis on self-discipline, simplicity, and meditaIon.
Many samurais followed Zen Buddhism because they

believed it would give them inner peace and help them in
bagle.
In Japanese theaters actors performed dramas called noh

and kabuki.

Japans nest writer was Lady Murasaki Shikibu who lived in
the emperors court in the 1000s C.E. Murasaki wrote The
Tale of Genji.
Japanese writers used a form of poetry called haiku. It has

17 syllables with 3 lines of 5, 7, 5
Japanese landscapers created gardens to help people think

quietly with the arrangement of rocks, paths, water, owers,
and trees.

VIEW Mr. Sons Trip to Japan
Have you ever seen a square watermelon???

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Chapter

Japan are islands located 120 miles from mainland Asia.

WATCH Lonely Planet - Japan Culture Revealed

Shinto means way of the gods, and is a religion

Shinto believe everything in nature (rocks, trees,

Early Japan was divided into clans. Clans were family

Clans fought one another for land because land was

WATCH Last Samurai Movie Trailer

Japans rst emperors were from the Yamato clan.

It is believed that members of the Yamato clan were

The Japanese believed there emperors were divine,

If a child became emperor at a very young age, a

One of Japans most important regents was Prince

WATCH Tokyo Expedia

Shotoku sent Japanese scholars and arIsts to study

Shotoku opened a Japanese embassy in China. An

Shotoku created guidelines for Japanese leaders

Shotoku help blend the tradiIonal Japanese religion

COMPARE AND CONTRAST Japanese Internment and

During the 1100s, the power of the Fujiwara clan declined,

Lord-vassal system is when landowners (lords) give land to

Wealthy landowners called daimyos hired trained warriors

A shogun ruled on the emperors behalf.

Samurais believed dying an honorable death was more important

In Ancient Japan women from warrior learned to handle

WATCH AND DISCUSS 2011 Japanese Earthquake and Nuclear Disaster

Many samurais followed Zen Buddhism because they

In Japanese theaters actors performed dramas called noh

Japanese writers used a form of poetry called haiku. It has

Japanese landscapers created gardens to help people think

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