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Matlab Program For Axially Loaded Bar Element

This MATLAB program performs a finite element analysis of an axially loaded bar element. It discretizes the bar into multiple elements, calculates the global stiffness matrix and load vector by assembling the element contributions, solves for the nodal displacements, and plots the displacement and stress distributions along the bar for verification against analytical solutions.

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Abdisaa Girma
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103 views2 pages

Matlab Program For Axially Loaded Bar Element

This MATLAB program performs a finite element analysis of an axially loaded bar element. It discretizes the bar into multiple elements, calculates the global stiffness matrix and load vector by assembling the element contributions, solves for the nodal displacements, and plots the displacement and stress distributions along the bar for verification against analytical solutions.

Uploaded by

Abdisaa Girma
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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% MATLAB PROGRAM FOR AXIALLY LOADED BAR ELEMENT

function AxialBarFEM
A = 10e-6; % area of cross section
L = 1.0; %length of bar
E = 200e9; %young;s modulus of material
a = 1000; %axially distributed load
R = 1000; %end acting load

e = 3; %number of elements
h = L/e; %length of each element
n = e+1; %number of noads

for i=1:n
node(i) = (i-1)*h;
end
for i=1:e
elem(i,:) = [i i+1];
end

K = zeros(n);
f = zeros(n,1);
for i=1:e
node1 = elem(i,1);
node2 = elem(i,2);
Ke = elementStiffness(A, E, h);
fe = elementLoad(node(node1),node(node2), a, R);
K(node1:node2,node1:node2) = K(node1:node2,node1:node2) + Ke;
f(node1:node2) = f(node1:node2) + fe;
end

f(n) = f(n) + 1.0;


Kred = K(2:n,2:n);
fred = f(2:n);
d = (Kred)^-1*fred;
dsol = [0 d'];
fsol = K*dsol';
sum(fsol)

figure;
p0 = plotDisp(E, A, L, R, a);
p1 = plot(node, dsol, 'ro--', 'LineWidth', 3);
hold on;
legend([p0 p1],'Exact','FEM');

for i=1:e
node1 = elem(i,1);
node2 = elem(i,2);
u1 = dsol(node1);
u2 = dsol(node2);
[eps(i), sig(i)] = elementStrainStress(u1, u2, E, h);
end

figure;
p0 = plotStress(E, A, L, R, a);
for i=1:e
node1 = node(elem(i,1));
node2 = node(elem(i,2));
p1 = plot([node1 node2], [sig(i) sig(i)], 'r-','LineWidth',3);
hold on;
end
legend([p0 p1],'Exact','FEM');

function [p] = plotDisp(E, A, L, R, a)

dx = 0.01;
nseg = L/dx;
for i=1:nseg+1
x(i) = (i-1)*dx;
u(i) = (1/6*A*E)*(-a*x(i)^3 + (6*R + 3*a*L^2)*x(i));
end
p = plot(x, u, 'LineWidth', 3); hold on;
xlabel('x', 'FontName', 'palatino', 'FontSize', 18);
ylabel('u(x)', 'FontName', 'palatino', 'FontSize', 18);
set(gca, 'LineWidth', 3, 'FontName', 'palatino', 'FontSize', 18);

function [p] = plotStress(E, A, L, R, a)

dx = 0.01;
nseg = L/dx;
for i=1:nseg+1
x(i) = (i-1)*dx;
sig(i) = (1/2*A*E)*(-a*x(i)^2 + (2*R + a*L^2));
end
p = plot(x, sig, 'LineWidth', 3); hold on;
xlabel('x', 'FontName', 'palatino', 'FontSize', 18);
ylabel('\sigma(x)', 'FontName', 'palatino', 'FontSize', 18);
set(gca, 'LineWidth', 3, 'FontName', 'palatino', 'FontSize', 18);

function [Ke] = elementStiffness(A, E, h)

Ke = (A*E/h)*[[1 -1];[-1 1]];

function [fe] = elementLoad(node1, node2, a, h)

x1 = node1;
x2 = node2;

fe1 = a*x2/(2*h)*(x2^2-x1^2) - a/(3*h)*(x2^3-x1^3);


fe2 = -a*x1/(2*h)*(x2^2-x1^2) + a/(3*h)*(x2^3-x1^3);
fe = [fe1;fe2];

function [eps, sig] = elementStrainStress(u1, u2, E, h)

B = [-1/h 1/h];
u = [u1; u2];
eps = B*u
sig = E*eps;

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