SAP SD Corporate Structure Question

SAP SD Corporate Structure Question
In R/3 you can represent a company's structure by defining and assigning corporate
structure elements. What is the purpose of doing that?
Enterprise organization diagram. Chart showing the organizational structure of an enterprise, its
organization units and how they are related. A combined structure can be created from the point
of view of accounting, MM, SD. This structure forms a framework in which all business
transactions can be processed.
Which three organizational elements make up a sales area and briefly explain their
function?
Sales organization: An organizational unit that sells and distributes products, negotiates terms of
sale, and is responsible for these transactions.
Distribution channel: Channel through which salable materials or services reach customers.
Typical distribution channels include wholesale, retail and direct sales. You can assign a
distribution channel to one or more sales organizations.
Division: Product groups can be defined for a wide-ranging spectrum of products. For every
division you can make customer-specific agreements on, for example, partial deliveries, pricing
and terms of payment. Within a division you can carry out statistical analyses or set up separate
marketing.
Name the three internal organizational elements within a sales organization and briefly
explain their function.
Sales Office. Geographical aspects of the organization in business development and sales are
defined using the term sales office. A sales office can be considered as a subsidiary. Sales offices
are assigned to sales areas. If you enter a sales order for a sales office within a certain sales area,
the sales office must be assigned to that area.
Sales Group. The staff of a sales office may be subdivided into sales groups. For example, sales
groups can be defined for individual divisions.
Salespersons. Individual personnel master records are used to manage data about salespersons.
You can assign a sales person to a sales group in the personnel master record.
What does the term "business area" refer to and how can it be used?
Business Area. The system posts costs and revenue according to the business area.
The business area can be equivalent to the : sales area (if the accounts are to be posted
according to sales) plant/division (if the accounts are to be posted according to products)
The business area is defined in Customizing for Sales.
o Business area. A unit in an enterprise, grouping product and market combinations as

homogeneously as possible for the purpose of developing unified business policy.
o Financial Accounting (FI). A business area is an organizational unit within financial

accounting which represents a separate area of operations or responsibilities within an
organization. Financial accounting transactions can be allocated to a specific business area.
Briefly explain the relationship between sales organizations and company codes.
Many to One.
What is the central organizational element in purchasing?
Purchasing Organization.
Explain the relationship between sales organizations and plants.
Many to Many.
Explain the relationship between sales organizations, plants and company codes.
Many to Many to One.
Can one business area be assigned to several company codes? Which (sub) module of SAP
could make business areas obsolete?
Yes in CO .
What is a credit control area? What relationship exists between credit control areas and
company codes?
Credit control area. Organizational unit in an organization that specifies and checks credit
limits for customers. A credit control area can include one or more company codes. It is not
possible to assign a company code to more than one credit control areas.
Which organizational element is central in shipping? Give a definition of it.
Shipping Point: Organizational unit at a fixed location that carries out shipping activities. A
shipping point could, for example, be a company's mail department or a plant's rail depot. Each
delivery is processed by only one shipping point.
Give a definition of plant (in SAP).

Organizational unit within Logistics, serving to subdivide an enterprise according to production,
procurement, maintenance, and materials planning aspects.
A plant is a place where either materials are produced or goods and services provided.
Classification: Business object
Structure: A plant can assume a variety of roles:

As a maintenance plant, it includes the maintenance objects that are spatially located within this
plant. The maintenance tasks that are to be performed are specified within a maintenance
planning plant.
As a retail or wholesale site, it makes merchandise available for distribution and sale.
As a rule, the plant is the organizational unit for material valuation.
The preferred shipping point for a plant is defined as the default shipping point, which depends
on the shipping condition and the loading condition.
For the placement of materials in storage (stock put-away), a storage location is assigned to a
plant. The storage location depends on the storage condition and the stock placement situation.
The business area that is responsible for a valuation area is determined as a function of the
division. As a rule, a valuation area corresponds to a plant.
Can you assign two different sales organization to the same company code?
Yes.
To what do you assign distribution channels and divisions?
Sales Organizations.
What are the highest organizational units in SD, MM.PP,FI,CO?
SD: Sales Organizations.

M: Plant
PP: Plant
FI: Company Code
CO: Controlling Area
Can you further subdivide a plant? If yes into what?
A plant can be subdivided into storage locations, allowing stocks of materials to be broken
down according to predefined criteria (e.g., location and materials planning aspects).
A plant can be subdivided into locations and operational areas. Subdivision into locations takes
geographical criteria into account, whereas subdivision into operational areas reflects
responsibilities for production.
Can a sales organization sell from a plant belonging to a different company code?
Yes.
How many shipping points can you assign to a plant?
Many.
How many shipping points can you assign to a sales organization?
None.
If you have a warehouse management system active, to what would you assign the
warehouse number?
Plant & Storage Location. Sales and Distribution - Transfer of Requirements The MRP
department is informed about the quantities and deadlines by which incoming orders should be
delivered. The system checks the availability of the goods based on the requested delivery date
of the customer and creates MRP records which contain all necessary information for passing on
to planning. It ensures that the goods are available in time for the delivery. Materials planning
transfers the reported requirements and creates orders or purchase requisitions from them etc. For
controlling transfer of requirements, you have to carry out the following steps: 1. Each
requirement type has to be allocated to one requirement class only.2. The transfer of
requirements must be switched on at requirements class level, the sales documents at schedule
line level.3. You must define a check group. It is possible to have this check group proposed for
the initial creation of a material master record.4. Note that a plant must exist for transfer of
requirements to be carried out at document item level. OVZG - Requirement class It specifies
the following points: - whether an availability check and a transfer of requirements is carried out
for a transaction (for sales documents, fine tuning using the schedule line category is possible),-
whether the requirements are relevant for MRP,- the allocation indicator from the sales view
which controls the settlement of customer requirements with requirements - whether an item is to
be settled to an auxiliary account assignment,- the settlement profile,- the results analysis
key. (Use transaction SM30 for V_* configuration)OVZH - Requirements typeV_TVEPZ_V -
Assignment of requirement type to TransactionV_TVEP_V - Schedule line category OVZ2 -
Define Checking GroupV_TMVFU - Define the checking group that the system proposes when
you create a new material master record. You can overwrite the default value for the checking
group in the material master record.
Define whether the Material can be used at which Sales and Distribution process
Here you define how the system responds when entering a sales and distribution document with
this material in the different Sales and Distribution Process Flow..
You can use the material status, for example, to prevent orders from being entered for
parts to be discontinued.
OR
To temporary block the creation of Sales Order for a certain materials.

Set the material status parameters in transaction SM30, Table Views V_TVMS.
Click Maintain and double click into the Materials Status code.
You can set three types of response for each Sales and Distribution process :-
1. no dialog
2. warning when entering the document
3. error message (that is, the sales and distribution document cannot be entered on
the basis of the material status)
Define Tax Determination Rules
You specify the valid tax types in transaction OVK1. More than one tax type can be defined for
a country by defining the sequence.
The SAP System determines the taxes automatically within pricing.
In the standard SAP R/3 System, the elements of tax calculation are predefined
(for example, tax condition type "MWST" for taxes on sales and purchases).
Assign the plant for Tax Determination in OX10, using the country key, the SAP System
recognizes which tax type is valid for a plant and thus which taxes are relevant when
creating an SD document.
Define the Customer Taxes in OVK3, you will maintain the tax code in Customer Master.
Define the Material Taxes in OVK4, which will then be maintain in Material Master.
For example :-
MWST GST 0 Tax Exempt

MWST GST 1 Liable for Taxes
Now, you define the Tax Determination in VK12.
VK12 - Domestic Taxes/Export Taxes

Condition Type MWST
Customer Taxes Material Taxes Rate Taxes

0 0 0%
0 1 0%
1 0 0%
1 1 9%
In this example, if both the Customer Master and Material Master Tax code is 1, Tax will be
included when you create the Sales Order.
Link Between SAP SD, MM & FI
The link between SD and MM :-
1. When you create sales order in SD, all the details of the items are copied from Material master
of MM.
2. MRP and availability check related data is also taken from MM although you control this data
in SD also.
3. While you create inbound/outbound delivery with reference to a sales order, the shipping point
determination takes place with the help of the loading group, plant data, shipping conditions etc.
This also refers to Material Master.
4. The material which you are entering in a sales order must be extended to the sales area of your
sales order/customer otherwise you cannot transact with this material.
There are many such links between SD and MM.
Now the link between SD and FI :-
1. Whenever you create a delivery with reference to a sales order, goods movement takes
place in the background. eg. In case of standard sales order, you create an outbound goods
delivery to the customer.
Here movement 601 takes place. This movement is configured in MM. Also, this movement
hits some G/L account in FI. Every such movement of good s hits some G/L account.
2. The accounts posting in FI is done with reference to the billing documents

(invoice, debit note, credit note etc) created in SD. Thus this is a link between SD and FI
3. Tax determination: In case of a tax determination also, there is a direct link

between SD and MM
How to do configuration for Credit Management function?
Settings for determining the credit control area of a document.

The settings of items 1 - 4 are taken into account according to their priority.
The credit control area found is stored in field VBAK-KKBER.
1. Transaction OB38
Check which credit control area is assigned to the company code.
Company code:
Credit control area:
2. Transaction OVFL
Check which credit control area is assigned to the sales area.
Sales area:
3. Transaction XD02 or VD02

Check which credit control area is assigned to the payer.
Payer:
4. Transaction SE37
Is user exit EXIT_SAPV45K_001 being used?
5. Transaction OBZK
For the settings under items 2 - 4, field "All company codes" must be marked in
Transaction
OB45, or the credit control area must be entered under the relevant company code in
table
T001CM of the credit control areas allowed.
Company code:
Credit control areas allowed:
6. Settings for the credit checks
7. Transaction OVAK
Which settings do exist for the sales document type used?
Sales document:
Check credit:
Credit group:
8. Transaction OVAD
Which settings do exist for the delivery type used?
Delivery type:
Credit group for delivery:
Credit group for goods issue:
9. Transaction OB01
Credit management/Change risk category
Definition of the risk category for each credit control area. This risk category can be
assigned to a credit account by using Transaction FD32.
10. Transaction OVA8
Here, the individual credit checks for key fields
o credit control area
o risk category
o credit group are set. Take these key fields from the above settings and go to the detail
screen. In particular, check whether fields "Reaction" and "Status/block" are set
correctly. To carry out follow-up actions in case of a credit block, the credit check
status must be set (field "Status/block").
11. Transaction FD32

Credit master data for the payer of the relevant document.
Credit account:
Credit limit:
Risk category:
Currency:
12. Settings for updating the credit values Update of the credit values is required for the
limit check (static or dynamic credit limit check).
13. Transaction OVA7

Update of the credit value is active for the corresponding item type if the check box is
marked. This field corresponds to field "Active receivable" in Transaction VOV7.

Item type:
Active receivable:
14. Transaction V/08, Pricing
In the pricing procedure used for pricing, subtotal "A" must be entered in a line for
determining the credit value (mark the pricing procedure and double click on
"Control").Usually, the net value plus taxes is used. This way the system is determined to
use this subtotal for credit pricing. The credit price is stored in field VBAP-CMPRE and used
for update and credit check. You can find the used pricing procedure of the order under
"Item -> Condition -> Analysis". Pricing procedure: Line with subtotal = 'A':
15. Transaction OB45

Which update group (field "Update") do you use in the relevant credit control area? The
default setting is "12". If you use another update group, check whether this is fine with
you. If you open an OSS message, please tell us the alternative update group.
Update:
16. Transaction OMO1

Which kind of update did you choose for structure S066?
In any case, "Synchronous update (1)" has to be chosen as the kind of update.
All other settings will lead to errors.
SAP FAQ (SD)
Master Data
Q: Some materials have been blocked for procurement and production. Even though deletion
flag is set for a material/plant level, the order can be still entered ( with a warning message). Is
there a way to block such transactions for a material flagged for deletion?
A: Sales Status field in the sales organization view of the material master may be used to block
any transaction for the material.
Q: We can define our own exchange rate types and use them instead of the defaulted types, 'M',
'B' and 'G'. How can we overwrite default types in SD?
A: Exchange rate gets copied from the customer master record. Exchange rate types are to be
maintained for the customer in the sales screen of the customer master record. Shipping
Q: The PL00 condition is fine in delivery. But when we try to print to either the screen or printer,
an error V1032 occurs. Why?
A: In order to use the Packing list PL00 (packing slip in delivery) you must do 'Packing' in the
delivery note (edit->packing)
Q: we have to enter a shipping point while creating a delivery. Is it possible to create delivery
without shipping points?
A: When you are releasing a sales order, choose Sales document -> Subsequent functions->
Create delivery, then the shipping point will be brought in from the sales order. In all other
scenarios you have to key in the shipping point. The above described scenario will only work if
all items on the sales order are to be shipped from the same shipping point.
Billing
Q: SAP allows a non-inventory item and an inventory item to be in the same document till
delivery but splits at the time of creation of billing document. Can we combine a non-inventory
item with an inventory item in one invoice? Can we treat it as a value item in sales order so that
it is priced and then make it as a text item in delivery documents so that it appears in the same
invoice and does not split?
A1: Make the non-stock material deliverable, but not pickable. Both items will carry into the
delivery, and therefore appear on the same invoice.
A2: Change the copy rule for orders->invoices and deliveries->invoices to specify that invoice
combination is permitted. However note that for system to create combined invoices, PO
number, payment terms, sales organization, and distribution channel must be identical. Else
undesirable combinations may be created by the system.
Pricing Conditions
Q: It is impossible to price at the material level (matnr) , when a material has a pricing reference
(mvke-pmatn) set up against it in the master data. Pricing always look for the pref, even if a price
is set up against the material and not the pref. How can we price by material and pref?
A: The field used to look up at the price is defined in Access sequence. You may find a step with
PMATN as material number. If you insert a step with MATNR then the system will first look for
the material, if not found (use the exclusion tick box) it will look for the pref.
Customizing
Q: We generated a new condition table. Assigned the condition to access sequence. Created a
condition record. Access sequence is assigned to the output type. But when we create a billing
document, output screen comes up blank for the output type. When we look up Determination
Analysis, we get an error "Note 524 Access not made (Initialized Field)". What else is required
to be done?
A: Assign output determination procedure to the header of the document and the output type.
Q: How can we set up to have the VAT# be accepted in the Ship-To Master File Data Control
screen?
A: IMG->Fin. Acct.>AR and AP ->Customer acct>Master Record -> Prepare to Create
Customer-> Define Acct. Group.
Q: We want to explode Bill of Material automatically at time of Order entry and explode an
Equipment BOM in the sales order. What are the setting required?
A: Use an item category that is configured for bills of material for having a sales BOM to
explode automatically.
Standard SAP item categories are :
TAQ - Pricing and inventory control take place at the BOM header level
TAP - Pricing and inventory control take place at the BOM item level
These can be automatically derived using the item category groups ERLA and LUMF,
respectively.
Q: How can we make the Customer Group 1 (or 2, 3, 4, 5) a mandatory field?
A: Logistic General-> Logistics Basic Data: Business Partners -> Customers -> Control ->
Define account groups and field selection for customer
Choose Customer Acct. GR. (double-click). -> Field Status: Sales data (double click) -> sales
(double click) .Check the radio button against Customer Gr as REQ. ENTRY. Save the settings to
make customer GR entry mandatory .
Q: Is there an user exit to copy the data into planning table?
A: Use user exit MCP20001 and include ZXSOPU01.
Others
Q: We get a report screen: "Goods issue: Problem Log" during the delivery process when
activating Post Goods Issue button. We want to include our own error message to this list if the
selected batch is not on a customer defined table. What is the best way?
A: Try User exit - USEREXIT_SAVE_DOCUMENT_PREPARE Difference between

Condition Type
Please explain the difference between Ek01 ( Actual Cost) and EK02 Calculated Cost.
These are the condition type that will display the results of the unit costing for certain type of
sales document.
EK01 :
If you use this condition type, the result of unit costing is issued to the first position on the
conditions screen for the item. The value can be used as a basis for price determination.
EK02:
If you use this condition type, the result of unit costing is simply a statistical value which you
can compare with the price.
Please note the following points :
1) The condition type must have condition category 'Q' (costing).
2) The condition type must agree with the condition type defined for unit costing in the pricing
procedure.
Q. I have a customer who is being offered two discounts ie k007 and k005, now I want to
exclude k007 for the next 2 orders or so? I have set the exclusion indicator for the condition
type, but still the condition is being accepted when I create a sales order. Am I missing
something, how do I do it?
Need to change the validity of the condition record for the condition type K007 defining it not
valid for that particular 2 months. And also the settings of the Requirements as it is correct that it
overrules the exclusion. Accumulate the amount of condition types in accounting document
To accumulate the amount of condition types in accounting document without affecting the
pricing display in billing document.
As an illustration :-
ZPXX 3500
ZDXX 1000-
ZWXX 500-
(all condition types are shown separately in pricing view)
Journal:
Dr Vendor 2000
Cr Sales 2000 (ZPXX - ZDXX - ZWXX)
One way to do it is :-
Mark the condition types you want to group as statistical and remove the account assignment
key.
Create a subtotal in your pricing procedure that will add them together and put in the account
assignment key for it. This way the individual components will still display on your pricing
screen but FI will only get one posting.
Determine sales price with shipping point (Scenario)
You are trying to use shipping point as a key field (with sales org. distribution channel and
ship-to party together) to determine the sales price.
You created a condition table with the above key fields, and maintained the relevant setting
(access sequence, condition type and pricing procedure).
There is an error message in the sales order pricing analysis ("access not made" in the
shipping point field).
In the access sequence, you found that the shipping point field's document structure is
KOMK.
Can you put to item level field in the condition table and access sequence?
Structure KOMK refers to header of the sales order, but shipping point of course is on item
level.
You'll have to do some settings to reach your goal, it is possible.
Step 1
Append structure KOMP. Do this by changing through SE11 the table KOMPAZ.
This is the include for structure KOMP.
Add a component e.g. ZZVSTEL with component type VSTEL.
Save, activate.
If you want to make more points, assign search help H_TVST to the component.
Ask a programmer if you don't understand this part.
Step 2
Change user exit MV45AFZZ. Say there that field ZVSTEL should be filled with information
from your shipping point.
Do this under part FORM USEREXIT_PRICING_PREPARE_TKOMP.
The coding should be like tkomp-zzvstel = vbap-vstel.
Save, generate.
Step 3
Make a new table as you did before, but first maintain your new field in Condition: allowed
fields.
When you create your new table you will see you have two shipping points.
With the button technical view you can check which one ZZVSTEL or VSTEL.
Step 4
Finish with the steps you did before. That was ok.
What is the purpose of text determination, account determination, partner

determination, output determination, storage location determination
Answer1:
Text determination: For transferring information from material or customer to
order/delivery or invoice (and anything in between)
Account determination: For transferring financial and costing information to proper

financial docs
Partner determination: For determining who is is legally responsible for A/r, who the
goods are going to and whatever else you want to drive through this functionality.
Output determination: What kind of output does a sales/delivery/billing document create

and who gets it, where?. For example A partner might get an EDI notification for a sales
order just confirmed, whereas a financial/leasing company gets the invoice!
Answer2:
(a) Text Determination: Any Texts in Material Master/Material
Determination/Order/Delivery , etc is meant to convey messages to the subsequent
documents for compliance. e.g. "Give Top Priority" message mentioned in Order is meant
for Production Dept. (b) Account Determination: is integration between Finance and SD.
The A/P along with Account Keys need to be allocated accordingly with combination of
Account Determination Group for Customer and Material if required. (c) Partner
Determination: To identify which type of Partner it is so that if required for same
Customer different Partner Functions may be required e.g Only One Sold To Party per
Customer. More than One Ship to Party/ Bill to Party/ Payer possible. Accordingly
different Masters will have to be created. Useful for dispatch of Material in case of Ship
to Party, sending Bill in case of Bill to Party and payment follow up/Dunning in case of
Payer. (d) Output Determination: What type of Output (Fax/Mail, etc) is required, where
and in what Format(ABAP Customization may be required in some cases especially
Invoices). (e) Storage Location Determination: depends on Plant, Shipping Point and
Storage Conditions
What are the five imp fields to be maintained in account determination

Account Determination: Sales View, Sales Organization, Distribution Chanel, Chart of
Accounts, Account Assignment Group for Customer and Material and Account Keys.
What is meant by transfer of data from legacy code to sap Legacy Code ?
Answer1:
It should be legacy data to SAP. What it means is you want to transfer all the customer
and materials and all other information from Older (legacy system) to new SAP system.
You can do it using many tools, most noticeably MDMs.
Answer2:
Before installation of SAP, Data maintained by Company is called Legacy Data. At the
time of installation, it is required to transfer Data from Legacy to SAP like Masters
(Material/Customer, etc). It can be done in various ways like BDC, LSMW, etc.
What do you do really in pricing determination, and what are the main deifferences
between pricing procedures?
Answer1:
Pricing is determined by combination of Sales Organization, Distribution Channel,
Division, Customer Pricing Procedure and Document Pricing Procedure.
Answer2:
We determine how the prices are calculated, taking into account sales area(sales org,
distribution channel, division), document type and customer(generally sold-to-party).
The main differences between pricing procedures would be the differences as we
mentioned above, from the point of view of field entries. Coming to the output and the
procedure, Suppose the condition types used will be different and hence the following
whole procedure. One pricing procedure determination to the others, which data control
these differences
What type of reports generally a support consultant maintain and report

Depends on Customer requirements.
What is the purpose of shipping point determination not menu path

So that Shipping Point is determined automatically once the settings for the same are
done.
What and where types of copy controls we change
Copy Control: is basically meant so that Data is copied from preceding Document to
subsequent one. What subsequent Document is required is to some extent determined by
Customer Requirements as well as Document Types. e.g. In general case of Standard
Order, it will be Copy Control (Order to Delivery) from OR to LF .
How to and where to maintain copy controls

Check for yourself in IMG (Sales Document types and Delivery Document Types)
What is purpose of maintaining common distribution channels and common

divisions
Common Distribution Channel and Common Division are maintained so that if any
master data like customer or material maintained with respect to one distribution channel
can be used in other DCh. It prevents the multiplication of master records.
Eg: A customer is created for say sales area 1000/20/00 then the same customer can be
used in sales area 1000/30/00 if we maintain 20 as common distribution channel. Hence
no need for extending the customers...the same for materials also.
What is the difference between the Availability check 01 (Daily requirement) and 02
(Individual Requirement) in material master?
01 and 02 are the checking group. Availability check is carried out with the help of these
checking group and checking rule. Checking group 01 and 02 are maintained on the
material master.
01 - Individual requirement -For this system generates transfers the requirement for each
order to the MRP .So that MM can either produce or procure.
02- Collective requirement.-In this all the requirements in a day or in a week are
processed at a time. System stores all request and passes on to the MRP in MRP run. In
this system performance is high however you can not do the backorder processing
whereas in other you can do.
sap sd interview questions with answers

1.What is transfer order?
An instruction to move materials from a source storage bin to a destination storage
bin in a warehouse complex at a specified time. A transfer order consists of items
that contain the quantity of the material to move and specifies the source and
destination storage bins. A transfer order can be created based on a customer
delivery, a transfer requirement, or a posting change notice. Source and destination
storage bins can be in different warehouses.
Application:
This is the term of Warehouse Management (LE-WM) and linked into SD Module,
where clients business run through Warehouse
Related Transaction:
VL01N
LT03
LT09
VL02N
2. What are the fields in pricing procedure?

There are 16 columns in pricing procedure
1. Step
2. Counter
3. Condition type
4. Description
5. From
6. To
7. Manual
8. Mandatory
9. Statistical
10.Print
11.Subtotal
12.Print
13.Alternative calculation type
14.Altenate condition base value
15.Account key
16.Accruals
3. What are the Standard output types in SD?

Standard Output Types in SD are as under:
1. Sales Order Confirmation: BA00
2. Outbound Delivery Note: LD00
3. Billing Document: RD00
5. Cash Sales: RD03
6. Inquiry: AF00
7. Quotation: AN00
8. Contract: KO00
9. Picking List: EK00
4.What is Condition type?

A condition type is one which describes that what is the purpose of that condition
i.e. it represents a real time pricing like price, discount, freight or taxes condition
types are used to define how the particular condition is going to perform. Condition
types are linked to access sequence which in turn is linked to condition tables.
Condition types are used wherever we use condition technique. Hence it is used in
pricing, material determination, output control, etc.Some important condition types
in pricing are pr00-pricing, kfoo-freight, k007-customer discount...
5.What are the issues u have faced in training?
6. What are the challenging issues you have faced in implementation

project/Maintenance project in SD Functionality? How you have overcome that
issue?
We can say during the implementation the challenges which we faced are
* High expectations from the system
* Lack of IT awareness among employees
* End user training
* Lot of complex business processes which lead to highly customized product etc..
7. What is difference between delivery document & scheduling?

Delivery doc is the actual delivery that we create in VL01N for the sales order.
Delivery scheduling is the process by which system proposes the confirmed delivery
date when a sales order is loaded.
For eg consider that the customer has placed an order on 8th Sep & requested
delivery RDD on 12th. Consider that you have maintained 2 days as transit time, 1
day as loading time & 1 day as pick pack time. Then the system initially carries
backward scheduling from the RDD. So from 12th, it will calculate backwards. So
your goods should leave your shipping point by 10th, loading should start by 9th,
pick pack should start on 8th. System will see is material is available on 8th. If yes,
then it will confirm the requested delivery date RDD. If not, system will check for the
material availability date MAD. If MAD is on 10th, then system will do forward
scheduling from 10th. So items can be picked by 11th, loading done on 12th &
goods will reach customer on 14th (2 days transit). So confirmed delivery date is
14th. System will propose this date as delivery date in shipping view of sales order
main screen. This process is called delivery scheduling.
How is item category determined?

ITEM CATEGORY IS DETERMINED IN TRANSACTION BASED ON -FOUR
FACTORS:SALES DOC TYPE + ITEM CATEGORY GROUP + USAGE + HIGHER
LEVELITEM CATEGORY=(DETERMINES) ITEM CATEGORY.
What is Extract used in condition tech. in pricing?

condition tech is the main backbone of pricing without condition there is no pricing
Condition tables + access sequence + condition type + Pricing procedure =

Condition technique
What is the difference between plant and storage location?
- plant is place where Production/assembling of material is done as per PP-module,
place where Storage/purchasing of material done as per MM-module and for sales
plant is place where sales and service is provided.
- Storage Location is a place allotted inside a plant for the purpose to maintain the
stock. The same considered for all modules (PP, SD, & MM)
What is the difference between item proposal and material determination product
proposal?
Item proposal and product proposal are the same.
Item proposal is the list of materials and order quantities that can be copied into the
sales order from the customer master data.
We use VA51 to create the item proposal. Here we get a number. This number is
then linked to the customer master data in the sales view. This is very commonly
used.
Material determination is very closely related to item proposal /product proposal and
is used to swap one material for another in the sales order using the condition
technique. I have not seen Material determination procedures used in the projects I
have worked.
Item Proposal or Product proposal:
"Item proposal is same as product proposal & SAP uses the two terms
interchangeably.
"An item proposal is a list of materials and order quantities that can be copied into
the sales order. Items can also be selected from a list and copied into a sales order."
1) Use transaction [VOV8] to configure the document type ("MS" for product
proposal).
2) Use transaction [VA51] to create a proposal.
3) Enter the item proposal on the sales area data (sales tab) of the customer master
record.
4) In [VA01] to create a sales order, Select Edit & propose items."
Material determination:
"Material determination uses the condition technique to swap one material for
another when certain conditions apply. Material determination is triggered by the
material entered in the line item of the sales order.
Use transaction [VB11] to create a material determination condition record. And
[OV12] for configuration of material determination.
Material determination is useful when old product is becoming obsolete or a new
product is released by the company at specific date."
What are the statuses?

General SAP Status Management
Use
Use the general SAP status management if you require user status.
Status
The current processing status of an object is documented by one or more statuses.
A status is an indicator that fulfills two functions:
It informs you that a particular status has been reached (for example, The order has
been released)
It influences the number of business transactions you can perform.
If you execute a business transaction, this can then set or delete one or more
statuses for the specified object.
You can set any number of statuses for an object.

Statuses can be displayed in two different ways in the system:
As a 30-character text
As a 4-character identification code
Both display variations are language dependent.
The system displays the active status of an object in list form or in a status row. The
status row may contain up to a maximum of eight statuses. You use the status
profile to define the position in which the application status is displayed in this row.
The system can output several statuses in the same position. The system uses the
Priority column in the status profile to determine which status is actually displayed
The list display shows all active statuses (arranged according to position and
priority).
A status can be either active or inactive: A status can
Allow a business transaction
Allow a business transaction with a warning
Prohibit a business transaction
If a business transaction is allowed with a warning for a particular object, the
system issues a warning message when you execute the business transaction. You
can then decide whether to ignore the warning and continue with the business
transaction.
You want to flag a released internal order for deletion. However, the internal order
has not yet reached the Closed status. In th case, the system first issues a warning
indicating that the order has not yet been closed.
To use a business transaction, the following is required:
At least one active status must allow the business transaction.
No active status may prohibit the business transaction.
General SAP status management distinguishes between system status and user
status.
System Status
The system sets a system status informing the user that the system has executed a
certain business transaction for an object. You can only influence this status by
executing a business transaction that changes the system status.
If you release an internal order, the system automatically sets the Released system
status.
User Status
You can set a user status in addition to the existing system status. You specify the
user status in a status profile, which you create for each order type in Customizing.
You can specify and activate any number of user statuses.
In a production order you can simultaneously set the Released, Pre-closed printed,
and Finally confirmed statuses.
The system status and the user status influence the business transactions in the
same way.
Status Profile
A status profile contains a user-defined quantity of user statuses and rules. You can
define status profiles in customizing for each order type. See the Define Status
Profiles activity in the IMG:
The status profile allows you to:
Define the user status and document its functions with a corresponding long text.
Assign a status number that specifies the order in which the system reaches the
user statuses.
Define an initial status, which is then automatically set when an object is created.
Determine that a user status is automatically set when you execute a business
transaction.
Permit or forbid specified transactions, if a status is active.
Status Number
User statuses can be used to determine a sequence for the different steps involved
in processing an object. For each step, you specify a user status and give it a status
number You should assign these status numbers so that they are reached in
ascending order.
If you assign a status number to a user status, specify a lowest and highest status
number for the user status. These numbers limit the status number interval from
which the subsequent user statuses can be chosen.
You require the user status to monitor individual steps during construction of a
building. You create the following user status in a status profile:
Status number Status Short text Lowest status number Highest status number
10 PLAN Planning 10 20
20 APRV Plan approval 10 30
30 CNST Construction 30 40
40 HDVR Handover 30 50
50 CMPL Completed 50 50
The system usually works through the statuses in numerical order (status numbers).
In this example however, it would be impossible to change directly from status PLAN
to status CNST, because from status number 10 you can only switch to maximum
status number 20 APRV. Similarly, once you reach the CNST, you can no longer
return to the PLAN or APRV statuses.
Activities
To activate general SAP status management for internal orders, assign the status
profile that you require to the appropriate order type in customizing for internal
orders (see the Define Order Types IMG activity).
What is the purpose of sales document type?

Sales documents is nothing but data container, and its a proof of transactions to
simplify business process document categorized into 3 types :sales document,
delivery document , billing document sales document :sales related data is going to
be captured here to map different process transactions sap has categorized into 4
types.
Presales order: inquiry, quotation (IN, QT)
Standard order: OR, cash rush
Customer outline agreement: Scheduling agreement-DS & contracts
Customer complaints: credit, debit (G2, L2)
The functions of sales document type are:
It can determine whether the sales doc of that type is blocked or not, No. ranges for
the documents, whether a reference doc is mandatory or not, whether it should
read cus.material info record, whether the system should run credit checks and how
it should respond etc..
A sales document type fulfills a requirement of a specific business transaction.. for
example in a cash sale you would require the delivery to be happening immediately
after the order and you would require a invoice slip to be handed over to the
customer immediately after his purchase. These things are customized in your Cash
sales(CS) document type..
What is an integration point between SD AND MM?

Link Between SAP SD, MM & FI
The link between SD and MM :-
1. When you create sales order in SD, all the details of the items are copied from
Material master of MM.
2. MRP and availability check related data is also taken from MM although you
control this data in SD also.
3. While you create inbound/outbound delivery with reference to a sales order, the
shipping point determination takes place with the help of the loading group, plant
data, shipping conditions etc. This also refers to Material Master.
4. The material which you are entering in a sales order must be extended to the
sales area of your sales order/customer otherwise you cannot transact with this
material.
There are many such links between SD and MM.
Now the link between SD and FI :-

1. Whenever you create a delivery with reference to a sales order, goods movement
takes place in the background. eg.In case of standard sales order, you create an
outbound goods delivery to the customer. Here movement 601 takes place. This
movement is configured in MM. Also, this movement hits some G/L account in FI.
Every such movement of goods hits some G/L account.
2. The accounts posting in FI is done with reference to the billing documents
(invoice, debit note, credit note etc) created in SD. Thus this is a link between SD
and FI
3. Tax determination: In case of a tax determination also, there is a direct link
between SD and MM .
SD Integration points with other modules SD module is highly integrated with the
other modules in
SAP. Sales Order

Integration Points Module
Availability Check - MM
Credit Check - FI
Costing - CO/ MM
Tax Determination - FI
Transfer of Requirements - PP/ MM
Delivery & Goods Issue

Availability Check - MM
Credit Check - FI
Reduces stock - MM
Reduces Inventory $ - FI/ CO
Requirement Eliminated - PP/ MM
Billing -
Debit A/R - FI/ CO
Credit Revenue - FI/ CO
Updates G/L - FI/ CO
(Tax, discounts, surcharges, etc.)
Milestone Billing - PS
Return Delivery & Credit Memo -

Increases Inventory - MM
Updates G/ L - FI
Credit Memo - FI
Adjustment to A/R - FI
Reduces Revenue - FI
What are MRP types?

Material Requirement Planning is concept of planning for the demand, whether we
need the material
- to be planned internally
- to be procured externally
- to be planned in external system (ex APO
- No planning
- time based planning
What is use of customer group?

Customer group is used for generating statistics and also used to give group pricing,
and discounts etc...
What is the difference between incomplete order and backorder processing?

Incomplete orders are the orders which have not maintained Completely as to full
fill the business requirement to place the order ( as defined in incompletion proc by
business).
The backorder is the order in which has not confirmed in Full or not confirmed at a
requested delivery date. (Certain delivery date)
What are the Steps for the End-user Training in SAP-SD module?
1.we will decide who are the team members of end users
2. Arrange one common place for training
3.In a day with pre planned material and using development system with some hard
copies of various transaction codes which will use by end users will distribute to
them and ask them to practice
4.it is generally like a in house training which may remains for 2 day's
5.after the training we will give them hard copies of list of transaction codes with
narration which are relevant to their modules like SD related and PM related etc
Why does the customer master have different views?

The main purpose of the customer views is for each dept to determine the roles
effectively in customer
GENERAL DATA- deals with all the details regarding the customer
COMPANY CODE DATA- deals with financial aspects.
SALES AREA DATA- deals with sales; billing; shipping details along with the partner
determination
What is t-code for listing the blocked documents?

VKM1 is for blocked document, VKM2 Released Doc.
What is batch split?

If a material is managed in batches then you can carry out a batch split for every
component. This means that if you Split a batch, you assign more than one batch to
one
Component. In this case, each batch is displayed as a Separate component in the
component overview.
Batch splits can only be triggered manually in the Production order.
The following requirements must be met for batch splitting:

(1)The material master record of the material must specify That the material is
managed in batches.
(2)Batches must exist for the material.
What is Product attributes?
What is difference between SD account key and FI account key?
Account key is created and provided by FI. Account key determines the
G/L account to which the amount is to be posted. SD defines account key
in pricing and FI uses it for posting taxes.
To the maximum both are one and same to find the right G/L account through
condition technique .SD Account key will be from Pricing procedure and the FI
Account key is from the tax procedure. as far as my knowledge is concerned both
the Key purpose is same.
Acct keys are defined in FI only, SD people only use them, say in pricing. But
ultimately they r used for posting the amounts to relevant GL accounts only
What is a variant and its use?
How is credit control determined?
Credit control is determined in the combination

COMPANY CODE + CUSTOMER RISK CATEGORY + CREDIT GROUP =
CREDIT CONTROL AREA
One Company code can be assigned too many credit control areas And multiple
company codes are not assigned to one credit Control area.
What are the parameters in FD32?

FD32 Maintains credit management records here we can give the amount of the
customer WHAT IS HIS credit limit.
U can see address of the customer, Central data, status and payment history of the
customer.
What is the difference between routine and requirements?

I know requirement in SD point of view
1. Requirements are used in different area of SD, for example requirement in pricing
procedure, it restrict the access of the condition type. for example the rebate
condition type bo01 has the requirement 24 it means that this condition type should
appear in the billing document. Routine means the program written for the
requirement.ie the logic written in the ABAP code.
What is condition supplement and why is it used?
A condition supplement is a group of conditions that should be applied every time a
certain condition is found. for Eg: If u define a material price, u will enter condition
records for that material and the corresponding price. If u also want to give discount
to that material every time the price is determined, u can enter the discount
condition type as a condition supplement. So whenever the price is determined for
the material, it will automatically includes the discount condition records.
What is the difference between milestone and periodic billing?

Periodic: - full amount in each bill till contract period
Milestone: - partial amount in each bill till full amount is billed.
Milestone billing is a billing plan type where the customer have to pay the amount
in parts within the billing date e.g. suppose the bill amount of the customer is 1000
usd, the customer can pay 200usd,300usd as mentioned on the Agreement whereas
in periodic plan type the customer have to pay the amount in a regular periodic
interval.i.e. The customer have to pay the 1000usd in 1 year then the amount
payable by the customer is 1000/12.
What is the landscape?
What is the difference between Static and Dynamic Credit Check?
They both are belong to automatic credit check

The only difference is Dynamic contains a time/horizon/attach period .This time
period used by the system where we specify time in months .EX: 2 months .System
will use this period to take open orders, open deliveries etc. to get credit
exposure .Within this attached time period not after this specified period, u have to
do delivery after this horizon period say 3 months latter the delivery date so system
will not calculate this date
static check will carry out the open sales orders +open deliveries +open billing +
open items,
dynamic check= static check+ time horizon
What are the issues u have faced in integration testing?

GL ACCOUNT CANNOT BE DETERMINED DURING INVOICING MOVEMENT TYPE NOT
FOUND DURING DELIVERY STORAGE UNIT NOT FOUND IN THE BIN ERROR DURING
TRANSFER ORDER CREATION FOR DELIVERY
ROUTE NOT DETERMINED DURING DELIVERY TOR CANNOT BE DONE DURING
DELIVERY ETC...
What is a field catalog?

What is the difference between condition type EK01 and EK02?
Ek01- the result of unit costing can be used as base for price (pr00) determination.
Ek02- the result of unit costing simply taken as a statistical value
What is the Function of item category group?

The item category group determines how a material is processed in the sales order.
It defines, for example, that pricing does not take place for a free of charge item,
such
as a business gift; or that inventory management is not carried out for a service.
When processing sales and distribution documents, the system uses the item
category
group to determine the item category. The system determines the item category
based on the item category group of the material and the current business
transaction, and proposes
it in the respective document.
When creating the material types non-stock material and

services, DIEN is proposed in both cases for the item category group, because the
order processing for both material types is identical: for example, pricing is carried
out for both, but no availability check.
What is pricing procedure?

A pricing procedure is a procedure by where in which you control the execution of
condition types in a sequence you would like . It not only executes the condition
types but als0 controls the execution of condition type by the use of requirements ,
altcv. altcbv, account key.
Pricing procedure is a systematic and sequential use of condition types to arrive at a
right value of the product.To determine the pricing procedure
SALES AREA (Sales Organization + Distribution Channel +Division) + CUSTOMER

PRICING PROCEDURE + DOCUMENT PRICING PROCEDURE
What is condition exclusion?

If we set an exclusion indicator in the definition of condition type during sales
document processing the system ignores the other condition type which exits below
that in
the pricing procedure and which have same requirement.
Which delivery document type for STO process?

For intracompany STO the delivery doc type is NL(i.e. within the one company
code)& for intercompany STO the delivery type is NLCC.
What is difference between the header level condition and item level condition?
Header level conditions are for the whole document, while item level condition is for
the particular item only. header conditions do not have access sequences and
condition records, too.
What is the link between credit management and subtotals?

see there is the link between credit management and subtotals. The reason why,
Business grant credit to the customer. so all the credit amounts of customer must
stored in corresponding tables in our sap system. so that In Pricing procedure for
the condition type Net value we assign A In the field Subtotal. the table for credits is
komp-cmpre
What is Delivery group and what is its purpose?

delivery group is grouping of all sub item to be delivery at one time. mostly used in
bill of materials.
What is main purpose of maintaining the master data?

IN SAP we can call these are master data like:
1. Customer master data
2. Material master data
3. Customer material Information record
4. When we are maintaining condition records like pricing
Condition record, rebate condition record.
THE main purpose of maintaining the master data is that when we will create any
documents in sales like sales document, the data regarding customer is coming
from customer master and the data regarding material is coming from material
master, and for example in the sales order the delivery plant is coming from
CMIR,OR CUSTOMER MASTER OR,MATERIAL MASTER ,like this...
What is line item?

There are 3 levels in a sales document i.e. header level, item level and schedule
line. Line item falls in the Item Level.
1)Line Item relates to material details or the item details such as item number,
name of material, quantity etc.
2)The item category of the item which is determined by the system (by combination
of Item Category Group from Material Master, Sales Document Type, Usage and
higher level item category)is copied at Item Level of the sales documents.
3)Line Item contains the value and quantity also which are not normally found at
Header Level.
4)Examples of Line items are : Material, Order Quantity, Material Group, Plant,
Shipping Point, Route, Customer Material, Sales Unit, price/discount/tax/freight per
unit, etc.
5)Examples of Header data will make Line Item more clear : Sold-to Party, Pricing
date, Document currency, Price group, Customer Group, Incoterms, Payment terms,
Purchase
Order Number etc.
What is value SAP?

ASAP methodology is a methodology for component-based implementation projects.
Value SAP methodology is a methodology for evaluation, implementation and
continuous business improvement.
Solution Manager is a natural extension of Accelerated SAP and Value SAP
methodology. SAP SM is mandatory for all Business Suite 2005 and beyond.
What happens when you overrate the customer?

You can opt for any of the following 3 :
1)credit the customer for the amount of short-charged invoice by creating a Credit
Memo Request with reference to the previous invoice and create a new sales order
with
correct rate
2)you can make a Credit Memo Request for the overcharged amount and make a
Credit Note Billing Document to give credit for the difference amount
3)you may make an Invoice Correction Request.
What are the functions performed in a support client?

the main function is resolving the day to day issues sent by the client. some times
enhancements also.And also read the detailed ticket issues
What is the access sequence for header conditions?

for header conditions, no access sequence will be there. the values for header
conditions should be entered manually during sales order processing. access
sequence is a search strategy which finds the right condition record from the
condition table.
What are the highest organizational units in SD, MM, PP and FICO?
SD----sales organization
MM----plant
PP----plant
FICO-----company code
What is the functionality of negative posting in billing document?

Reverse and adjustment postings can also be marked as negative postings.
Negative postings are used to reduce the transaction figures in G/L, customer, and
vendor accounts. This allows you to give the transaction figures (following the
reversal) the status they would have had without posting the reversed document
and its reversal document. This type of reversal is called a negative posting.
Its nothing but an adjustment. Lets say you have creates a bill of 10 bucks and
latter you realize its not correct and the billing amount should be 8 bucks. To change
the billing amount you have to create a negative bill worth -2 bucks. Its a negative
bill or in other words its an adjustment of credit type. Similarly debit type
adjustments are also there.
What is mean of Rebate processing?

Rebate is nothing but a special discount which is given on to specific customer on
certain sales volume with in specific period of time. Rebate may given on a specific
customer, if he do the targeted business within the validity periods,
OR
its for specific material and customer, if this customer does the targeted business
volume for that particular material within the validity periods.
A rebate is a discount which is granted subsequently to a rebate recipient on the

basis of defined sales volume within certain period.
There are three processes on rebate.
1:- Configuring Rebate
2:- Setting of rebate agreements
3:- managing rebate agreement & payments
But before the processing the rebate you need to activate

the following fields
:- in Payer master record
:- Sales organization
:- Billing document type.
You have following rebate agreement types for your customer.

1:- Material rebate
2:- customer rebate
3:- customer Hierarchy rebate
4:- Material group rebate
5:- Independent of sales volume.
How is shipping point determined?

shipping conditions + loading group + Delivery plant = Shipping point
What is difference between transport and task?
What is the client specific data?

Client specific data refer to the data that can be accesses only when we log in to
that Client
Client specific data:
a) Business data--Master data of business partners, products, pricing etc
b) Transaction data: Sales orders, delivery, billing documents etc
c) Customization data: All the IMG activities that are saved with Customizing
request number form the client specific data
What is ABAP debugging?
Finding the errors in ABAP program and rectifying the error at run time is done using
ABAP debugging.
The ABAP debugger is the development workbench tool, which allows you stop a
program during its execution when a particular condition is met.
How subtotal in pp is related to credit limit?

subtotal field(A) in the pp contains the total value and this value is checked with the
credit limit of the customer.
What is the difference between discount and rebate?

Rebate: an incentive to be given to a customer. clubbed with qty purchased by a
customer within the period specified (say one month)-conditional.
Discount doesnt depends upon the turnover it is fixed. and can only differ from
customer to customer
What will you do in blue print stage?

Business Blue print is a detailed documentation of the requirements gathered from
client. it represents the business process requirements of the company. It is an
agreed statement of how the company intends to run its business within SAP
system.
How will access the data in to production?
What is Group condition?
What is cut over strategy?
Cutover strategy or cutover plan is the activity done in ASAP methodology, while
transferring the data from the legacy system to the sap system. At this point of time
the billing will be stopped, all the open orders, contracts, pricing data will be
transferred as per the cutover plan which is provided by the implementation
partner. Whatever you want to do on the system u need to do before or after this
activity.
What is the relation between PGI and TOR?

Depending up on TOR PGI takes place let me explain how it takes place when a
requirement comes this is been transferred to MRP through TOR. Depending up on
the availability of the material transfer of order takes place in which the
requirement sits in the storage location from there picking and packing process
takes place and finally PGI activity takes place.
In general
IN GENERAL TERMENOLOGY TOR IS THE ACTIVITY WHICH TAKES

PLACE BEFORE CREATING A DELIVERY DOCUMENT AND PGI PROCESS
TAKES PLACE AFTER CREATING A DELIVERY DOCUMENT.
How is route determined?

Determination of the route is dependent on the following factors:
(1)Departure Country and departure zone-it gets determined from shipping point.
(2)Shipping Condition:-it is determined from sales doc. type or from SP (Customer
master).
(3)Transportation Group:- it is determined from Material master.
(4) transportation Zone:- ship -to -party.
(5)Receiving country.
(6)Weight group (optional).
What is consumption based planning?

Consumption-based planning is based on past consumption-values, statistical
procedures for future requirements. Its to avoid the shortfall in requirement
determined from reorder point or forecast requirement.
Difference between MRP and Consumption-based planning, MRP Planning based on
gross requirement through the Bill of Materials, Consumption-based planning based
on past consumption-values.
What is the relation ship between sales organization and plants?

(1)Sales Organization--> Plant
Sales Organization is assigned to plant in combination with Distribution Channel.
Relation: Many-Many.
(2) sales Organization--> Company Code. Many-One.
(3) Plant-->Company Code. Many-One.
what does Item Category Control?

An item category controls the overall behavior of an item. It determines whether the
item is relevant for pricing or not, whether it is relevant for delivery or not, whether
it is relevant for billing or not. It also determines whether it is a free item, text item
and it also help to determine the sales document type.
What is Returnable packaging processing means?

IT is used in the process where by the business sells items to the customer. These
items are packed into shipping units such as boxes and crates .Then the customer
can keep the boxes and crates upto a certain period of time and then
must return the item .Should the customer not have return the shipping units within
specified date or have been destroyed ,then business may bill the customer for
damaged goods .
The stock we deliver as special packaging materials .We
kept at customer site .It can viewed in "MMBE"with indicator "V" .
Item category group is "VERP" .
General item category is "LEIH".
"LAN" for returnable packaging pick up-(LA)
"LNN" for returnable packaging issue-(LN)
Material group =00804
"TAL" -item category for returnable packaging
What is IMG?
1. Step by Step plan for implementing the SAP modules.
2. Procedures that have to be performed before a certain configuration can be
made.
3. Documenting the SAP R/3 configuration methodology along with the reasons for
configurations.
4. It forms the crux of business transactions in an SAP implementation, and how
each one of the steps in various modules have been configured.
5. Finally, all configurations and their releases for a particular SAP R/3
implementation can be checked through the SAP IMG.
What is Backorder processing?

Backorder processing is functionality in SAP where you can change the
commitments and over-ride the blockage of stocks marked against sales
documents/deliveries. For e.g. you receive an order from a very important customer
for material "A" but the entire quantity of A is committed to another customer "B"
via earlier sales orders and this is where BACKORDER processing helps you to
change the commitment and shift stock due for B to A. This is the benefit of this
functionality.
T.C.: V_RA - Backorder Processing
What are the reports u have generated with help of ABAP? What are all the things
we need to do configure?
What are the influencing factors for account determination?

sales amount which is in sales order will be posted into some accounts.
eg: sales price should be posted into revenues account in the same way sales
discount should be posted into deduction account , other amount will post into
some other account for this purpose we maintain account determination. coming to
the question's answer, influencing factors for account determination is , chart of
accounts,( FI consultant will tell that chart of accounts which is used for that
company code) sales organization, distribution channel, account assignment group
for customer ( which is in customer master data, sales area tab page, billing view )
account assignment group for material ( which is in material master record, sales
organization 1 view ( not sure plz check) account key which is assigned in pricing
procedure G/L account number ( FI consultant will give this number)
What are dependencies in variant configuration?

Dependencies establish relationship between characteristics and values of different
characteristics. It is required to get the pricing to the sales order through
Procedure(dependency), to get the BOM component selected for the material with
quantity and to have the routing time for each component.
There are 5-types of dependencies...

a.Precondition ...to hide characteristics and its values
b.Selection condition....to select a characteristics or values
c.Procedure..to Infer value for a characteristics
d.Action...to infer value for a characteristics but obsolete.
e.Constraint...to have a consistency value flow to configuration , it has to attach to
configuration through dependency net....
What is Extract used in condition tech. in pricing?

Condition technique used condition table, condition type, access sequence, pricing
procedure to determine pricing information.
What is the use of pricing date in condition type?

Pricing date is the date in which the condition records are accessed. For e.g.: lets
say you have the price of the material as 1000Rs till Mar 2008 as per the validity
period of condition record and from April the same price of the material is 2000Rs
as per the validity period of the condition record. Now your pricing date in the Sales
doc
determines as which price should be taken into account. Hope you are clear now.
What is the link/control between sales and distribution and quality?

When a complaint is executed. Say, a faulty material is returned back to plant from
the customer/consignee. The material is taken in to the blocked stock, where by the
quality link is involved. It's the responsibility of the quality department to check the
complaint and approve. That's the reason we have billing block before issuing credit
note/memo to the customer.
How is access seq. controlled?

An access sequence (search strategy) is defined for each condition type (except
header and manual condition type) in pricing procedure.
1. Each access performed during pricing procedure, the access sequence is made
using condition table.
2. Access sequence is a search key for condition record, which made up of key
fields.
3. Access sequence searches the condition records from most specific to the most
general.
Example: Suppose you create a sale order for material M-10 for Customer 1500. and
you had maintained the condition records for that material 100 INR for per material.
and
you also maintained the condition record for Customer1500/Material M-10 also i.e.
for that particular material and for that customer the Material price is 90 INR. In that
condition the system pick the material price as 90 INR and reject the material
discount as 100INR.
What is business item?

In item category, Business item specifies whether the business data at the item
level is allow to differ from business data in the document header during the sales
document processing.
business data means sales data + shipping data + Billing data
If you configure (Check box active) the Business item in the Item category, system
should not allow to change the Incoterms in the sales order
What is Lump sum payment?

Lump sum payment is a general term. It has no different meaning in the sap. Exact
meaning of lump sum is full payment.
What is the advantage of using the text as a reference ?
what are the Steps in consignment processing?

In consignment process, we have 4 stages.
First phase, company fill the goods at customer site, still it is the property of
company, is called as Consignment fill up,(CF)
When the customer consumes the material company issues the invoice is called as
consignment issue (CI)
If the customer finds that he got any material defective he returns is called as
consignment return (CR)
When customer requests the company to take back the material which is not sold
by the consumer, the company will pick this stock from the customer site is known
as consignment pick up (cp)
What is the purpose of creating user exits?

A user exit is a place in a software program where a customer can arrange for their
own tailor-made program to be called. SAP creates user exits for specific programs,
screens, and menus within standard R/3 applications.These exits do not contain any
functionality. Instead, the customer exits act as hooks. You can hang your own add-
on functionality onto these hooks
What is the difference between VK11 & VK31
Tcode vk11 used for individual Maintenance of condition record and Tcode vk31
used for mass Maintenance of condition record
What basic questions do they ask relating to order management?

Basic questions related to order management
1. In sale order what fields are mandatory We can change them as per our
requirement by going into account groups and then fields
2. When u raise a sale order what field get filled by default?
3. when you save a sale order whats the background process which takes place?
How is storage location determined?

Determination of storage location depends upon the rule mentioned in the delivery
type. There are basically three rules for determining storage location, out of which
we
basically use MALA rule:-
MALA Rule:-
(1)Shipping point.
(2)Plant.
(3)Storage Condition.
Other rules are MARE and RETA ,which are used for trade scenarios.
What is the difference between ATP check and availability check?

ATP is know as available to promise quantities and it is
Calculated as below.
Ware house stock + planned receipts - Planned issues = ATP quantities.
Ex1. 100 + 50 -75 = 75 is ATP Quantity
Any remaining open quantity in the movement is regarded as the ATP quantity and
can be used to fulfill the next Requirement.
Ex2. 25 + 100 -150 = -25 ATP Quantity,
In this case the system try to capture the stock from other inward movement and
try and match the order quantity 150.and even this is not available and partially
met then the system shows the negative ATP Quantities in the requirement line.
During the availability check the system determines the ATP quantities for the
material and the plant. The system behaves in performing the availability check
based on how the availability check is set in customizing. This can be viewed in the
sales order, over view screen procurement and you can see the confirmed quantity
and ATP Quantity.
Availability check:
Stock checks which is automatically carried out after every

goods movement and which should prevent the book inventory
balance of physical stock (for example, available stock)
from reaching zero.
types of Availability checks
1. Against ATP
2. Against product allocation
3. Against planning.
Availability check is based on checking group, Requirement class, and Requirement
type and schedule line category.
What will do in realization?

Realization phase in which the system is configured ,knowledge transfer occurs
,extensive unit testing is completed, and data mapping and data requirements for
migration are defined .
The purpose of this phase is to implement the business process requirements based
on business blueprint. The system configuration methodology is provided in two
work
packages :baseline(major scope) and final configuration (remaining scope).Other
main focal area of this phase are conducting integration tests and drawing up end
user
documentation.
What is the importance of release status and dynamic field?

The importance of release status in release procedures is to create the condition
records purely for the planning purpose. for further clarification see release
procedures in pricing.
The Dynamic field check is to determine the customer-specific fields, even the text
fields.
What is the parent and child relationship?

when after we r creating the IDOC type it will show screen, there we can create the
segments by right click. then one pop up window will display like which segment(Ex:
SEG1) u need to add to the IDOC then add the one more segment(Ex:SEG2) to the
IDOC . while add SEg2 to the IDOC , pop up will display like segment name which u
can add and there is the options like under which segment u need to create the
segment here u can select SEG1.
now SEG1 ----> parent segment
SEG2 ----> child to the SEG1
How to configure partial deliveries?

we have to mark for partial delivery either in customer master
or
In customer-material info.
What is ABAP query?

ABAP/4 Query is a powerful tool to generate simple reports
without any coding. ABAP/4 Query can generate the following
3 simple reports:
Basic List: It is the simple reports.
Statistics: Reports with statistical functions like average, Percentages.
Ranked Lists: For analytical reports. For creating a ABAP/4 Query, programmer has
to create user group and a functional group. Functional group can be created using
with or without logical database table. Finally, assign user group to functional group.
Finally, create a query on the functional group generated.
How is step and counter differentiated?

Step Number is used to specify the sequential order for
condition types.
Counter is used when two or more Condition Types required

the same Step Number.
Ex : Step No. Counter C.Type
10 5 KOFI
10 10 KOFK
step is sequential order of a condition type.
counter is nothing but sub sequential number of a condition

type.
What are the effects of PGI?

the ownership of goods will be transferred with post goods issue and it updates the
stock quantity in warehouse decreases the volume of stock and increase the goods
sold.and also updates the postings to G.L.A/C
What is condition supplement and why is it used?
What are the Techniques in delivery scheduling? Backward scheduling & Forward
Scheduling
Backward scheduling: System calculates material availability date based on the
Requested delivery date. If the material is not available on that date the system
calculates the earliest possible delivery date based on the material available date.
Forward Scheduling
What is Replenishment lead time?

RLT=The time taken by the material to be replenished
For trading goods:

------------------
RLT=plant delivery time+goods reciept processing time
For finished goods:

-------------------
RLT=Inhouse production time
Where is shipping conditions stored?

Shipping conditions are maintained in two places one is in customer master record
under sales tab page in shipping screen and another is in sale document type. If u
maintain in sale document type it over writes the value maintained in customer-
material info.
What is material determination?

This is setup when business requires swapping of one material by the other material
in a sales document. Example - When a product is under engineering change or
there is a bug and you have another product, which is acceptable as replacement,
then material determination can be used to set this scenario. Old product can be
replaced by new product as per the launch date of the product. Material
determination is also called as Product selection
*It uses condition technique for material
*Material determination procedure is based on the sales document type. With
condition technique, criteria can be defined and condition records can be
maintained.
*Standard material determination procedure for order type OR is A00001.
*Standard material determination condition type is A001
*With standard setup, condition record for swap materials is maintained for
material entered. It means in standard SAP, material determination is triggered
when material is entered in the sales order.
*Additional criteria can be added by customizing condition type A001.
*Material condition records are maintained in the main transaction menu in master
data
Swapping can be based on certain business conditions. These are called as
Substitution reasons. For each substitution reason, you can define substitution
strategy.
*Substitution strategy controls
*System will automatically replace product as per material determination record
after carrying out availability check or can give list of substitute products for users
to check and select or replace material without availability check. It can also control
whether both substituted and substitute material can be displayed in the sales
order or only substitute material is to be displayed in the sales order.
*It controls printing of substituted or substitute material on output types like order
confirmations.
*In delivery, no material determination is carried out for items copied from the
order.
*Material determination in a delivery is carried out for new items if material
determination has been activated for the corresponding sales document type
What is the central organizational element in purchasing?

Purchasing Organization.
How is plant determined?

System searches for the plant in the following manner:-
(1) first it searches for a plant from CMIR(customer-material info record).
(2)If it is not found there then it will search for a plant
in Customer master record of ship-to-party.
(3)If still it could not be found then it will check in
material master in Sales general/Plant view.
in this sequence the plant is determined.
What is a handling unit?

The SAP HU is used for tracking the handling units used by the materials. Some
common handling units are packagings materials like cartons, pallets etc.
In the SAP system, the handling unit (HU) expands on the shipping unit. Handling
units can be nested and you can also create new handling units from several
handling units as often as you like. At the material item level, HUs contain the
complete material identification, the quantity, and, in the case of serial numbers,
the respective object list. Handling units have unique, scannable identification
numbers that can be developed according to standards such as EAN 128 or SSCC.
Handling units contain all inventory management information of the materials they
contain that are maintained in Inventory Management. There are also status
messages that you can call up at any time that indicate whether a handling unit is
only planned or if the ship-to party has been notified of the arrival of this handling
unit, or whether it is in the warehouse or has already been posted to goods issue.
The integrated history function also records each business process in the life cycle
of each handling unit, meaning that you can track the handling units path and
development at any time.
Refer to : Logistics -> Central Functions -> Handling Unit Management
In HU-managed storage locations, all goods movements are executed through the
specification of the respective HUs, and Inventory Management is performed
through the handling units. If you are working without HU-managed storage
locations, you can work with handling units (without stock information) as before in
the delivery and in the shipment.
In HU-managed storage locations, materials can be managed in HUs only. Mixed
stock made up of packed and non-packed materials within the same storage
location are not supported. HUs can also be managed in interim storage types.
Unpacking a material from a HU means that the stock of the material is posted to a
storage location that is not HU-managed. If you call up normal material movements
in connection with an HU-managed storage location, a delivery is created, rather
than a direct material posting, which has been the procedure up to now.
Please note that if you want to use 311 to move the material already in stock, but in
a non HUM Storage Location and you want to transfer those materials into a HUM
Storage Location 304. If this is the case you can use the transaction VLMOVE with
the destination plant and storage location. Before that you have to create the HU
with the transaction code HU02 Storage location: where the material is and the
status: in stock.
Handling units are unique at client level in at least one system. Using an indicator at
client level, you can control whether you are going to work with the HU functions.
Since the handling unit is a physical unit, the central logistics processes are
controlled through the input of the handling unit identification. These processes
include putaway, picking, and stock transfers, as well as goods receipts and goods
issues.
A handling units mobility can be limited if quality checks are active. Changes in the
stock category caused by a quality inspection are made using a posting change in
the handling unit.
There is also a report available that you can use to find and display handling units
using different selection criteria such as material, packing instruction, or storage
location.
Although the handling unit is basically a unit that remains constant in the system,
you can change it by repacking the materials it contains. All the packing functions,
such as packing, repacking, and unpacking, are completely supported by the
handling unit functionality. In this way, handling units can be created in production,
during goods receipt, or in the packing areas of the warehouse. If you have
automatic packing, the handling unit is created from the packaging proposals
defined in the system (from the packing instructions, for example)
What is difference between listing and exclusion?

1. Listing is nothing but whatever material u assign to particular customer, then he
can access those materials .But exclusion is nothing but excluding the Particular
material to the customer, then customer cannot access those materials.
For example-In pharmaceutical company, customer sometimes the customer may
not have a license to sell certain product, then we can use this function.
2.Listing is suppose for a certain or group of customers u can assign materials only
those can access. Exclusion is suppose u dont want that certain materials certain
customer should not access .So the particular customer can not purchase the
same .
Always exclusion is having higher priority than listing. In exclusion the system
refuses the entered materials if it is maintained in exclusion record for specific
customer but in case of material listing it accepts only allowed material which we
maintained in listing record for specific
customer .
How revenue account is determined?

Revenue a/c is determination :
1. Application
2. Chart of accounts
3. Sales Org
4. Condition type
5. Account assignment group from customer
6. Account assignment group from material
7. Account key
When will you combine deliveries into one invoice?

we will combine multiple deliveries into one invoice, when the bill to party ,
payment terms and billing date is same. And also when billing date, that means
billing is done only once in a month for that particular customer, then you combine
all deliveries of that month create invoice
Can anybody help me out to configure SAP SD pricing for Indian Pharmacy company.
The client is having so many scenarios like Price to Dealer, Price to retailer, Direct
sales to Institution. Institution sales via dealer. For all above scenarios Price is
Inclusive of taxes.
Note - Prices at Batch level MRP
Please let me know your contact details to explain all our scenarios.
Hi Radha, I am hereby sending the document please go through the document and
revert for further clarifications SD Pricing for Indian Pharmacy
STEPS 1.Creation of Account Groups Customers Control Define Logistics
GeneralBusiness Partner Account Groups and Field Selections for Customers a.
Define Account Groups with Screen Layout (Customer)
b. Create Number Ranges for Customer Accounts
c. Assign Number ranges for Customer Account Groups
NOTE You will have to maintain separate Account groups for Dealer, Retailer,
Institution and Institution sales via dealer. The Number ranges should be created
separately and assigned accordingly.
2.Partner determination must be done accordingly( with respect to the type of
account groups that we have created). PartnerSet Sales and Distribution Basic
Functions Determination up Partner Determination
Business Customers 3.Customer Hierarchies should be maintained. (Sales and
Distribution Master Data Partners Assign Account Customer HierarchyGroups)
4.Assign Hierarchy type based on Sales document type that you maintain .
Customers 5.Assign Hierarchy type for pricing by sales document type Sales and
Distribution Master Data Business Partners Assign Customer HierarchyHierarchy
Type for Pricing By Sales Document Type
Business Customers 6.Assign Sales areas to customer hierarchy types Sales and
Distribution Master Data Partners Assign Sales Customer HierarchyAreas
Master Data Business Partners Customers 7.Define Customer Groups Sales and
Distribution SalesDefine Customer Groups Ex: 01 Dealer 02 Retailer 03
Institution 04 InstDeal
8.Define Sales Districts., Legal status of the customer NOTE: Check out whether you
have a Dummy Customer Concept in that case you will have to create a dummy
account group for Dummy customer. Similarly you check for one time customer
(again you will have to create one time customer a/c group, number ranges creation
and assignment. Note the no. ranges should be unique, be careful.) Sales Document
Types, Delivery Document types and Billing document types should be copied and
renamed.(Prefixing it with Z. Item Categories which is important field should also
be copied and maintained with Z as starting letter. Schedule line categories
should also be maintained appropriately starting with Z.
Pricing procedure:
1.Maintain Access Sequence or Copy and create the Access Sequence appropriately
(For Price, Tax or For VAT purpose accordingly)
2.Maintain Condition Types or Copy and create the Condition Types appropriately
(maintain condition types for Price, Discounts, taxes. Accordingly)
3.Copy and create Four Pricing procedures according to the scenarios that you have
raised(For Dealer/Retailer/Institution/Institution sales via dealer). Normal means,
copy RVAA01 and maintain only the relevant condition types.
4. If CIN is applicable, then chose TAXINJ or TAXINN accordingly. Better to have
TAXINN it is easy to maintain for excise purpose and it is also recommended by SAP
Community from Ver 6.0).
5.IF TAXINN is maintained then copy any one of the procedure JINFAC (Factory Sales)
or JINDEP (Depot sales) copy and rename the procedure and maintain only the
relevant condition types that you use as well as, excise duty if it is needed.
6.Before proceeding to Pricing procedure determination, we need to check the
Document Pricing procedure and Customer Pricing procedure Sales and Basic
Functions Pricing Pricing Control accordingly. Distribution Define and
AssignDefine Customer Pricing Procedure Pricing Procedures Cust. Description 1
Dealer 2 Retailer 3 Institution 4 Sales and Basic Functions Pricing Pricing Control
InstDeal Distribution Define and AssignDefine Document Pricing Procedure Pricing
Procedures If we want we can change the document pricing procedure accordingly
or let the document remain as A Standard Else A - Standard (Dealer) T - Retailer
N Institution Z InstDeal
7.Pricing Procedure Determination Enter the Sales Area, Document Pricing
procedure, Customer Pricing Procedure, Pricing Procedure and Condition Type. Ex: If
you are running Pricing for Dealer then, you should create Sales Document, Delivery
Document and Billing Document Accordingly.
8.Take care of Copy Controls from sales document to sales Document, Sales
document to Delivery, Delivery document to billing Document and Sales document
to billing Document.
9.Check For Return Process Cycle and Free goods if any maintain Copy controls for
return process from billing document to sales document correctly.
10.Now since, you are in Pharma industry you will also have to maintain Pricing at
Billing level too. (Since Prices might vary during order received time and dispatch
time or invoicing time so do the pricing accordingly) Maintain Doc pricing active at
billing level. Determine Pricing at billing level
11.Number range should be unique at billing level too for respective invoices .
12.Maintain no. ranges and customized document types (Starting with ZL2N or
ZG2N) for Debit Memo and Credit Memo accordingly

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SAP SD Corporate Structure Question

o Business area. A unit in an enterprise, grouping product and market combinations as

o Financial Accounting (FI). A business area is an organizational unit within financial

What is the central organizational element in purchasing?

Explain the relationship between sales organizations and plants.

Many to Many to One.

Which organizational element is central in shipping? Give a definition of it.

Give a definition of plant (in SAP).

Classification: Business object

Structure: A plant can assume a variety of roles:

As a rule, the plant is the organizational unit for material valuation.

What are the highest organizational units in SD, MM.PP,FI,CO?

SD: Sales Organizations.

Can you further subdivide a plant? If yes into what?

To temporary block the creation of Sales Order for a certain materials.

2. warning when entering the document

Define Tax Determination Rules

MWST GST 0 Tax Exempt

Now, you define the Tax Determination in VK12.

VK12 - Domestic Taxes/Export Taxes

Customer Taxes Material Taxes Rate Taxes

Link Between SAP SD, MM & FI

The link between SD and MM :-

There are many such links between SD and MM.

Now the link between SD and FI :-

2. The accounts posting in FI is done with reference to the billing documents

3. Tax determination: In case of a tax determination also, there is a direct link

How to do configuration for Credit Management function?

Settings for determining the credit control area of a document.

3. Transaction XD02 or VD02

6. Settings for the credit checks

11. Transaction FD32

limit check (static or dynamic credit limit check).

13. Transaction OVA7

marked. This field corresponds to field "Active receivable" in Transaction VOV7.

15. Transaction OB45

16. Transaction OMO1

Standard SAP item categories are :

A: Try User exit - USEREXIT_SAVE_DOCUMENT_PREPARE Difference between

Please note the following points :

1) The condition type must have condition category 'Q' (costing).

You'll have to do some settings to reach your goal, it is possible.

What is the purpose of text determination, account determination, partner

Account determination: For transferring financial and costing information to proper

Output determination: What kind of output does a sales/delivery/billing document create

What are the five imp fields to be maintained in account determination

What type of reports generally a support consultant maintain and report

What is the purpose of shipping point determination not menu path

How to and where to maintain copy controls

What is purpose of maintaining common distribution channels and common

sap sd interview questions with answers

2. What are the fields in pricing procedure?

3. What are the Standard output types in SD?

4.What is Condition type?

5.What are the issues u have faced in training?

6. What are the challenging issues you have faced in implementation

7. What is difference between delivery document & scheduling?

How is item category determined?

What is Extract used in condition tech. in pricing?