Econ & Ss 2016 e PDF

ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL STATISTICS
OF SRI LANKA 2016
Central Bank of Sri Lanka

Statistics Department
Tel. : 2477377
Fax : 2477728
E-mail : dst@cbsl.lk
Web site : http://www.cbsl.gov.lk
Volume XXXVIII
ISSN 1391 - 3611

ISBN 978 - 955 - 575 - 324 - 1
June 2016
Price : Rs. 300/-
Printed at Central Bank Printing Press, 58, Sri Jayewardenepura Mawatha, Rajagiriya, Sri Lanka.
Published by Statistics Department
Central Bank of Sri Lanka, 30, Janadhipathi Mawatha, Colombo 01, Sri Lanka.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
1. KEY SOCIO-ECONOMIC INDICATORS

Sri Lanka Country Profile 1
1.1 Real Sector 2
1.2 Agriculture and Industry 3
1.3 Prices and Wages 4
1.4 Infrastructure 4
1.5 External Sector 5
1.6 Money and Interest Rates 6
1.7 Money and Capital Markets 7
1.8 Government Finance 8
1.9 Financial Institutions 8
Selected Socio-Economic Indicators Graphical Illustrations 9

2. CLIMATE
2.1 Mean Temperature 11
2.2 Rainfall and Rainy Days Hydro-Catchment Areas 11
2.3 Rainfall and Rainy Days Selected Stations 12
2.4 Humidity 13

3. POPULATION AND LABOUR FORCE
3.1 Population by District and Sector 2001 and 2012 14
3.2 Population by Religion and Ethnicity Census Years 14
3.3 Population by District, Religion and Ethnicity 2012 Census 15
3.4 Mid Year Population by Age Group 15
3.5 Mid Year Population by Province and District 16
3.6 Population Density 17
3.7 Vital Statistics 17
3.8 Crude Birth Rates and Death Rates by District 18
3.9 Labour Force 19
3.10 Employment 20
3.11 Unemployment 21
3.12 Public Sector Employment 22
3.13 Migration for Foreign Employment 23
3.14 Departures for Foreign Employment by Country 24
3.15 Departures for Foreign Employment by Skill Level, Age Group and Gender 25
3.16 Departures for Foreign Employment by District, Province and Gender 26

4. NATIONAL ACCOUNTS
4.1 Summary of National Accounts 27
4.2 GDP, GNI and Deflators (Factor Cost Prices) 1970 2015 28
4.3 Gross Domestic Product at Constant Prices 1970 2015 29
4.4 Gross Domestic Product at Current Prices 1970 2015 30
4.5 Gross Domestic Product by Industrial Origin at Constant (2010) Prices of Major Economic Activities 31
4.6 Gross Domestic Product by Industrial Origin at Current Prices of Major Economic Activities 32
4.7 Composition of Gross Domestic Product at Current Prices 33
4.8 Investment and Savings (Current Prices) 34
4.9 Quarterly Estimates of GDP [at Constant (2010) Prices] 34
4.10 Aggregate Demand 35
4.11 Provincial Gross Domestic Product by Industrial Origin at Current Prices 36
4.12 Provincial Gross Domestic Product by Industrial Origin at Current Prices 2013 37
4.13 Provincial Gross Domestic Product by Industrial Origin at Current Prices 2014 39

5. AGRICULTURE
5.1 Tea 41
5.2 Rubber 42
5.3 Coconut 43
(iii) (Continued)
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
5.4 Minor Export Crops 44

5.5 Paddy 45
5.6 Subsidiary Food Crops 46
5.7 Principal Crops by Province 47
5.8 Agricultural Crops Yields, Farmgate Prices and Costs of Cultivation 2013 48
5.9 Agricultural Crops Yields, Farmgate Prices and Costs of Cultivation 2014 49
5.10 Fish and Livestock 50
5.11 National Livestock Statistics by District 2014 51
5.12 National Livestock Statistics by District 2015 51
5.13 Livestock and Poultry Average Producer Prices 2014 52
5.14 Livestock and Poultry Average Producer Prices 2015 52
5.15 Fish Production by Province 53
5.16 Operating Fishing Craft by Province and Type 53
5.17 Cultivation Loans Refinance Credit Schemes 54
5.18 Plantation Sector Manpower, Extent, Production and Yield 55
5.19 Settlements and Land Cultivated under Mahaweli Programme 56

6. INDUSTRY
6.1 Sugar 57
6.2 Milk and Milk Products 57
6.3 Textiles 58
6.4 Petroleum 59
6.5 Minerals 59
6.6 Cement 60
6.7 Electricity 60
6.8 Gross Generation of Electricity by Power Stations 2014 and 2015 61
6.9 Electricity Sales by Province 62
6.10 Water Consumers, Consumption and Revenue by Province 63
6.11 Board of Investment (BOI) Enterprises 65

7. PRICES AND WAGES
7.1 Consumers Price Indices Colombo Consumers Price Index 66
7.2 Consumers Price Indices National Consumer Price Index 66
7.3 Producers Price Index 67
7.4 Colombo Consumers Price Index (1952=100) 67
7.5 Average Retail Prices of Selected Consumer Items 68
7.6 Average Retail Prices of Selected Food Items by Provinces 70
7.7 Average Producer Prices of Selected Items 71
7.8 Average Producer Prices of Selected Food Items by Provinces 72
7.9 Retail Prices of Selected Food Items in Selected Districts 2014 73
7.10 Retail Prices of Selected Food Items in Selected Districts 2015 74
7.11 Nominal Wage Rate Indices 1963 2015 75
7.12 Average Daily Wage Rates in Selected Activities 76
7.13 Minimum Wage Rate Indices of Workers in Wages Board Trades 77
7.14 Wage Rate Indices of Government Employees 78
7.15 All Island Average Wages in the Informal Sector 2014 79
7.16 All Island Average Wages in the Informal Sector 2015 79
7.17 Cost Indices for Construction 80

8. EXTERNAL TRADE AND FINANCE
8.1 Summary of External Trade 81
8.2 Selected Exports 82
8.3 Selected Imports 82
8.4 Imports by Major Categories 83
8.5 Direction of Trade Exports 84
8.6 Direction of Trade Imports 85
8.7 Central Bank Trade Indices Volume 86
8.8 Central Bank Trade Indices Value 86
(Continued)
(iv)
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
8.9 Central Bank Trade Indices Unit Value 87

8.10 Exchange Rates Year End 87
8.11 Balance of Payments 88
8.12 Workers Remittances 91
8.13 Tourism 92
8.14 External Debt and Debt Service Payments 93
9. MONEY AND CAPITAL MARKETS

9.1 Reserve Money 94
9.2 Money Supply 95
9.3 Broad Money Supply (M2b) 96
9.4 Interest Rates 97
9.5 Government Debt Securities Market 98
9.6 Share Market Indicators 99
9.7 Share Trading Indicators by Business Sector 100
9.8 Share Trading Indicators by Major Companies 104
9.9 Share Issues 106
10. GOVERNMENT FINANCE

10.1 Summary of Fiscal Operations 107
10.2 Functional Classification of Recurrent Expenditure 108
10.3 Functional Classification of Capital Expenditure and Lending 108
10.4 Government Revenue 109
10.5 Central Government Domestic Debt 109
10.6 Central Government Foreign Debt 110
10.7 Revenue and Expenditure of Provincial Councils 111
11. BANKING AND FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS

11.1 Assets and Liabilities of the Central Bank 112
11.2 Selected Financial Highlights of Commercial Banks 113
11.3 Assets and Liabilities of Commercial Banks 114
11.4 Mobilization of Deposits by Type of Deposit 115
11.5 Deposits of Commercial Banks by Ownership 115
11.6 Commercial Banks Loans and Advances to the Private Sector 116
11.7 Number of Bank Branches by Province 117
11.8 Banking Density by District 118
11.9 Bank Branch Network 119
11.10 Non-Bank Financial Institutions 120
11.11 Unit Trusts 121
11.12 Summary of Rural / Regional Development Banks 122
11.13 Summary of Co-operative Rural Banks and Credit Societies 122
12. TRANSPORTATION
12.1 Road Network 123
12.2 Road Kilometerage by Province and District 2015 123
12.3 Road Kilometerage by Province 124
12.4 Motor Vehicles by Province 125
12.5 New Registration of Motor Vehicles 126
12.6 SLTB / Regional Bus Companies 126
12.7 Sri Lanka Railways 127
12.8 Aviation SriLankan Airlines 128
12.9 Port Services 128
12.10 Selected Public Transport Indicators by Province 129

13. SOCIO ECONOMIC SERVICES
13.1 National Level Findings of the Household Income and Expenditure Survey (HIES)
by Survey Period Sri Lanka 130
(Continued)
(v)
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
13.2 Average Monthly Household Expenditure on Selected Food/Non-Food Items by

HIES Survey Period Sri Lanka 131
13.3 Poverty Indicators by Sector, Province and District 132
13.4 Daily Average Dietary Energy Consumption per Person by Poverty Status, Sector, Province and District
2009/10 and 2012/13 133
13.5 Housing Conditions and Ownership of Durable Goods 2006/07, 2009/10 and 2012/13 134
13.6 Key Socio-Economic Indicators 2006/07, 2009/10 and 2012/13 137
13.7 General Education 140
13.8 Teachers and Pupils by Province and District 141
13.9 Government Schools by Size of Student Population 142
13.10 Government School Teachers by Category of Appointment 144
13.11 New Admissions in Government Schools 146
13.12 Government Schools by Type, Pupils and Teachers 147
13.13 Performance of Candidates GCE (O/L) and GCE (A/L) 147
13.14 GCE (O/L) Examination Performance of School Candidates 148
13.15 GCE (A/L) Examination Performance of School Candidates 148
13.16 University Education 149
13.17 Eligibility, Admission and Enrollment of Students for University Education 150
13.18 University Admission by Province and District 151
13.19 University Admission by Academic Stream and District 152
13.20 University Admission by Academic Stream and Ethnicity 154
13.21 Technical Colleges 155
13.22 Health Services 156
13.23 Selected Public Health Personnel 157
13.24 Public Health Personnel by District 2014 158
13.25 Activities of Health Campaigns 159
13.26 Postal Services 160
13.27 Telecommunication Services 161
13.28 Mass Media 161
13.29 Prisoners 162
13.30 Prisoners by District 163
13.31 Selected Demography of Prisoners 164

14. SRI LANKA AND ASIA
14.1 Demographic Indicators: SAARC Countries 165
14.2 Demographic Indicators: Selected East Asian Countries 165
14.3 National Accounts Indicators: SAARC Countries 166
14.4 National Accounts Indicators: Selected East Asian Countries 167
14.5 Agricultural and Industrial Indicators: SAARC Countries 168
14.6 Agricultural and Industrial Indicators: Selected East Asian Countries 168
14.7 Inflation: Sri Lanka and Selected Countries 169
14.8 External Trade and Finance Indicators: SAARC Countries 170
14.9 External Trade and Finance Indicators: Selected East Asian Countries 171
14.10 Monetary and Fiscal Indicators: SAARC Countries 172
14.11 Monetary and Fiscal Indicators: Selected East Asian Countries 173
14.12 Social Indicators: SAARC Countries 174
14.13 Social Indicators: Selected East Asian Countries 174
14.14 Doing Business Ranking - 2016 : SAARC Countries 175
14.15 Doing Business Ranking - 2016 : Selected East Asian Countries 175
15. WORLD TABLES

15.1 World Tea Production Land Area, Exports and Imports 176
15.2 Growth of Real GDP 178
15.3 Consumer Price Changes 179
15.4 Exports 180
15.5 Imports 181
15.6 Human Development Index (HDI) and Sub Indices of HDI 2014 182
15.7 Human Development Index 183

(vi)
KEY SOCIO-ECONOMIC INDICATORS
Sri Lanka Country Profile
Sq.km. 000 ha. Mn. acres SOCIAL INDICATORS

AREA Gross 65,610 6,561.0 16.2 Human Development Index (2013) 0.750
Excluding Inland Waters 62,705 6,270.5 15.5 (min.0.0, max. 1.0)
Temperature (2015) Low Country, min. 24.3 C max. 31.8 C Life Expectancy, Years (2014) 74.9
(75.7) F (89.2) F (Average)
CLIMATE Hill Country, min. 18.2 C max. 27.2 C
(64.8) F (81.0) F Literacy Rate (a)(b), % (2015)
Annual Rainfall (Avg.) (2015) 2,131 mm Average 93.2
Male 94.1
Mid-year Population (b)(c) (000) 20,771 (2014) 20,966 (2015) Female 92.4
Population Growth (%) 0.9 (2014) 0.9 (2015)

ECONOMY
Mid Year
Land Area Density of REAL SECTOR
Province Population
(Sq.km.) Population
(2015) 000 GDP at Market Prices (d) Rs Bn. US$ Bn.
Western 5,979 3,593 1,664 2013 9,592 74.3
Central 2,658 5,575 477 2014 (b)(e) 10,448 80.0
Southern 2,556 5,383 475 2015 (b) 11,183 82.3
Northern 1,094 8,290 132 Per Capita GDP (d) Rs. US$
Eastern 1,615 9,361 173 2013 466,112 3,610
North Western 2,448 7,506 326 2014 (b)(e) 503,032 3,853
DEMOGRAPHY
North Central 1,312 9,741 135 2015 (b) 533,398 3,924

Uva 1,316 8,335 158 Growth of GDP (in Real Terms) (d) %
Sabaragamuwa 1,988 4,921 404 2013 3.4
Total 20,996 62,705 334 2014 (b)(e) 4.9
2015 (b) 4.8
Composition of Population (Census of Population and Housing 2012) Sectoral Composition of GDP, % (d)
Agri- Indus- Servi- Taxes less
By Ethnicity % By Religion %
culture try ces Subsidies
Sinhalese 74.9 Buddhist 70.1
Hindu 12.6 on Products
Sri Lankan Tamil 11.2
Islam 9.7 2013 7.8 27.0 56.2 9.0
Indian Tamil 4.1 2014 (b)(e) 7.8 26.7 56.3 9.2
Christian & Roman
Sri Lankan Moor 9.3 2015 (b) 7.9 26.2 56.6 9.3
Catholic 7.6
Other 0.5 Other 0.0 Unemployment (a)(b)(e)(f), % of Labour Force
By Sector % By Age Groups % 2013 4.4
Urban 18.2 0 14 25.2 2014 4.3
Rural 77.4 15 59 62.4 2015 4.7
Estate 4.4 60 & above 12.4
Inflation (g) : Change of CCPI
(Annual Avg.) %
2013 2014 2015(b) 2013 6.9
2014 3.3
Exports (Goods, Services) Rs.Bn. 1,949 2,185 2,295
2015 0.9
US$ Mn. 15,079 16,735 16,902
EXTERNAL SECTOR
Imports (Goods, Services) Rs.Bn. 2,776 3,022 3,126 MONETARY SECTOR

US$ Mn. 21,508 23,142 23,006
Reserve Money Rs.Bn. Growth %
External Assets, (h) Rs.Bn. 1,121 1,295 1,345 2013 488.6 0.9
US$ Mn. 8,574 9,884 9,337 2014 577.9 18.3
External Debt Rs.Bn. 5,218 (e) 5,624 6,454 2015 (b) 673.4 16.5
US$ Mn. 39,905 (e) 42,914 44,797 Narrow Money (M1) Rs.Bn. Growth %
% of GDP 60.2 (e) 53.6 54.4 2013 484.6 7.7
Exchange Rate (Avg.) Rs./US$ 129.11 130.56 135.94 2014 612.2 26.3
2015 (b) 715.0 16.8
Rs./SDR 196.19 198.35 190.16
Broad Money (M2) Rs.Bn. Growth %
Revenue and Grants Rs.Bn. 1,153.3 1,204.6 1,460.9 2013 3,058.8 18.0
FISCAL SECTOR
Expenditure & Net Lending Rs.Bn. 1,669.4 1,795.9 2,290.4 2014 3,460.6 13.1
2015 (b) 4,057.2 17.2
Budget Deficit Rs.Bn. -516.1 -591.2 -829.5
% of GDP -5.4 -5.7 -7.4 Broad Money (M2b) Rs.Bn. Growth %
2013 3,417.9 16.7
Central Government Debt Rs.Bn. 6,793.2 7,390.9 8,503.2 2014 3,875.9 13.4
% of GDP 70.8 70.7 76.0 2015 (b) 4,565.9 17.8
(a) Based on Quarterly Labour Force Survey, Population and Housing 2012. (f) In July 2016, the Department of Census and Statistics published a
Department of Census and Statistics. (d) The data is based on the base year 2010 GDP estimates of re-weighted and revised labour force data series for 2011 onwards.
(b) Provisional. the Department of Census and Statistics (g) 2006/07 = 100
(c) Based on the final report of the Census of (e) Revised (h) Calculated at market value and includes Asian Clearing Union receipts.
1
Table 1.1
Real Sector
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(a)
Demography
Mid Year Population, 000 (b) 20,039 20,246 20,476 20,675 20,869 (a) 20,424 (a) 20,579 (a) 20,771 (a) 20,966
Mid Year Population Growth, % 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.7 0.8 0.9 0.9
Labour Force, Participation Rate %
(% of Household Population) (c) 49.8 (d) 49.5 (e) 48.7 (e) 48.1 (e) 52.9 (a)(f)(g) 52.5 (a)(f)(g) 53.7 (a)(f)(g) 53.2 (a)(f)(g) 53.8 (f)
Unemployment, % of Labour Force (c)
6.0 (d) 5.4 (e) 5.8 (e) 4.9 (e) 4.2 (a)(f)(g) 4.0 (a)(f)(g) 4.4 (a)(f)(g) 4.3 (a)(f)(g) 4.7 (f)
National Accounts (h)

GNI (Market Prices) : Rs. Bn. 3,540 4,306 4,779 6,344 7,147 8,578 9,366 10,212 (g)
10,932
US $ Bn. 32.0 39.7 41.6 56.1 64.6 67.2 72.5 78.2 (g) 80.4
Per Capita GNI : Rs.
176,893 212,972 233,419 306,839 342,473 419,975 455,126 491,638 (g)
521,412
US $ 1,599 1,966 2,031 2,714 3,097 3,291 3,525 3,766 (g) 3,836
GDP (Market Prices) : Rs. Bn. 3,579 4,411 4,835 6,414 7,219 8,732 9,592 10,448 (g)
11,183
US $ Bn. 32.4 40.7 42.1 56.7 65.3 68.4 74.3 80.0 (g) 82.3
Real GDP Growth, % 6.8 6.0 3.5 8.0 (i) 8.4 9.1 3.4 4.9 (g) 4.8
GDP by Sectors, Constant Prices,% (h)

Agriculture 11.9 12.1 12.0 8.5 8.2 7.8 7.8 7.8 (g) 7.9
Industry 28.5 28.4 28.6 26.6 26.9 26.8 27.0 26.7 (g) 26.2
Services 59.6 59.5 59.3 54.6 54.9 55.9 56.2 56.3 (g) 56.6
Taxes less Subsidies on Products 10.2 10.0 9.4 9.0 9.2 (g) 9.3
Expenditure and Savings at

Current Market Prices, % of GDP (h)
Consumption 82.4 86.1 82.1 76.9 79.8 72.8 75.4 76.0 (g) 77.4
Government Consumption 15.3 16.2 17.6 8.5 8.6 7.6 7.8 8.3 (g) 8.8
Investment 28.0 27.6 24.4 30.4 33.4 39.1 33.2 32.0 (g) 30.1
Government Investment 5.4 6.5 6.6 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.
Domestic Savings 17.6 13.9 17.9 23.1 20.2 27.2 24.6 24.0 (g) 22.6
National Savings 23.3 17.8 23.7 28.5 26.3 33.3 29.9 29.5 (g) 27.8
(a) Provisional.
(b) Estimates upto 2011 are based on Census of Population and Housing 2001 and from 2012 onwards, estimates are based on the final report of the Census of Population
and Housing 2012.
(c) Data upto 2010 are for the household population aged 10 years and above and data from 2011 onwards are for the household population aged 15 years and above.
(d) Excluding Northern and Eastern provinces.
(e) Including Eastern Province but excluding Northern Province.
(f) Data covers the entire island.
(g) Revised.
(h) From 200709 the data is under the 2002 base year prices while 2010 onwards the data is based on the base year 2010 GDP estimates of the Department of Census
and Statistics.
(i) Data is under the 2002 base year.
n.a. Not available
Note: In July 2016, the Department of Census and Statistics published a re-weighted and revised labour force data series for 2011 onwards.
Growth in Major Economic Activities (Constant Prices)

12.0
10.0
8.0
Per cent
6.0
4.0
2.0
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Agriculture Industry Services Real GDP Growth
2
Table 1.2
Agriculture and Industry
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(a)

Principal Agricultural Production
Paddy, M.T. 000 3,131 3,875 3,652 4,301 3,894 3,846 4,621 3,381 4,819
Bushels, Mn. 150 186 175 206 187 184 221 162 231
Tea, Mn. Kgs. 305 319 291 331 328 328 340 338 329
Rubber, Mn. Kgs. 118 129 137 153 158 152 130 99 89
Coconut, Mn. Nuts 2,869 2,909 2,853 2,584 2,808 2,940 2,513 2,870 3,056
Agricultural Exports, Rs. Bn. (b) 182.5 213.1 210.1 260.6 279.5 297.7 333.9 364.8 337.0
Tea 113.6 137.6 136.2 162.8 164.9 180.4 199.4 212.6 182.1
Rubber 12.1 13.5 11.3 19.6 22.8 15.7 9.2 5.9 3.5
Coconut 14.2 15.7 18.6 18.7 29.4 26.6 26.5 46.5 47.7
Other Agricultural Crops 42.7 46.3 43.9 59.5 62.4 75.0 98.8 99.7 103.7
Factory Industry Production Index (2010=100) (c) 89.6 89.5 86.6 100.0 107.2 108.8 108.3 115.1 124.6
Industrial Exports, Rs. Bn. (b) 657.1 662.2 600.6 688.8 883.8 938.8 1,001.8 1,078.7 1,082.3
Textiles & Garments 369.2 377.0 374.6 379.2 463.5 508.6 583.0 643.7 654.8
Petroleum Products 18.8 27.6 15.4 29.8 61.2 58.9 55.1 44.1 50.5
Other Industrial Products 269.1 257.7 210.5 279.8 359.1 371.3 363.6 390.9 377.0
Petroleum Local Refined Products, MT 000 1,740 1,712 1,828 1,589 1,814 1,432 1,526 1,640 1,591
Petrol 163 164 179 158 206 152 144 152 154
Auto Diesel 445 451 485 442 501 411 390 496 510
Kerosene 97 111 83 93 93 75 57 65 75
Furnace Oil 772 732 781 686 779 648 724 641 552
Aviation Fuel 171 154 195 126 155 93 125 168 155
Naphtha 92 100 105 84 80 71 87 117 135
BOI Enterprises Investments, Rs. Bn. 601.1 701.8 774.2 861.1 1,032.6 1,280.8 1,512.0 1,755.7 n.a.
Employment, 000 452 458 478 426 451 476 483 485 n.a.
(a) Provisional Sources : Department of Census and Statistics

(b) From 2007 onwards categories are reclassified based on National Import Tariff Guide 2010. Sri Lanka Customs
(c) FIPI based on ISIC Revision 4 classification. Ceylon Petroleum Corporation
n.a. Not available Central Bank of Sri Lanka
Note : Industrial Production Index (IPI) has been renamed as
the Factory Industry Production Index (FIPI) in 2013.
Plantation Sector Production
400 3,250
3,000
300
2,750
Million Nuts
Million kgs.
200
2,500
100
2,250
0 2,000
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Tea Rubber Coconut (Right)
3
Table 1.3
Prices and Wages
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(a)
Price Indices Twelve Month Average

Colombo Consumers Price Index (2002 = 100) (b) 163.1 199.9 206.8 219.1
Change ( % ) 15.8 22.6 3.4 5.9
Colombo Consumers Price Index (2006/07 = 100) (c) 129.2 133.6 141.9 151.5 162.9 174.2 179.9 181.5
Change ( % ) 3.5 6.2 6.7 7.6 6.9 3.3 0.9
National Consumers Price Index (2013 = 100) 105.5 109.5
Change ( % ) 3.8
Producers Price Index (2013 Quarter 4 = 100) 101.6 105.3
Change ( % ) 3.6
Implicit GDP Deflator (1996 = 100) 256.4 298.3 315.8 338.9 351.8 389.9 414.3 430.3 439.5
Change ( % ) 14.0 16.3 5.9 7.3 3.8 10.8 6.2 3.9 2.1
Construction Cost Index (1990 = 100) 387.6 444.8 456.3 465.9 490.9 550.9 590.4 604.9 621.3
Change ( % ) 12.8 14.7 2.6 2.1 5.4 12.2 7.2 2.5 2.7
Wage Rate Indices Twelve Month Average

Central Govt. Employees (2012 = 100) 106.3 117.5 154.8
Change ( % ) 10.5 31.7
Workers in Wages Board Trades (1978 Dec. = 100) 1,648.8 2,070.4 2,171.4 2,865.3 2,996.1 3,662.0 3,869.2 4,012.2 4,127.0
Change ( % ) 21.4 25.6 4.9 32.0 4.6 22.2 5.7 3.7 2.9
Informal Private Sector Employees (2012 = 100) 109.8 118.1 126.7
Change ( % ) 7.6 7.3

(b) Discontinued from June 2011. Construction Industry Development Authority
(c) The rebased CCPI (2006/07=100) has replaced CCPI (2002=100) Central Bank of Sri Lanka
from June 2011.
Table 1.4
Infrastructure
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(a)
Electricity
Available Capacity, MW 2,444 2,645 2,684 2,817 3,148 3,312 3,362 3,932 3,850
Generation, GWh 9,814 9,901 9,882 10,714 11,528 11,801 11,898 12,357 13,090
Telecommunication
Telephones - Wireline Telephones 931,737 933,536 872,120 896,710 941,780 999,354 1,062,065 1,123,126 1,128,291
Cellular Phones 7,983,489 11,082,508 14,264,442 17,267,407 18,319,447 20,324,070 20,315,150(b)
22,123,000 24,384,544
Wireless Local Loop 1,810,322 2,512,875 2,563,838 2,637,865 2,666,612 2,450,037(c) 1,644,722(b) 1,586,722 1,472,905
Public Pay Phones (No. of Booths) 8,526 7,417 7,378 6,958 6,458 6,983 6,773 6,642 5,809
Telephone Density (Telephones per 1,000
persons, including cellular phones) 536 719 866 1,007 1,051 1,164 1,119 1,196 1,287
Internet Connections (d) 202,348 234,000 240,000 502,000 844,749 1,365,655 2,009,456 3,396,295 4,090,920
Port Services (Colombo)

Vessels Arrived 4,326 4,424 4,114 3,910 4,124 3,870 3,667 3,742 4,197
Cargo Discharged, MT 000 26,110 28,086 27,214 34,307 36,642 36,721 37,453 41,540 43,271
Cargo Loaded, MT 000 17,392 19,874 19,159 24,461 25,373 24,949 26,029 29,254 30,447
Container Throughput, TEU 000 3,381 3,687 3,464 4,137 4,263 4,187 4,306 4,908 5,185
Transportation
Road Kilometerage (A & B Class) 11,874 11,890 11,919 12,019 12,019 12,165 12,169 12,208 12,210
New Registration of Motor Vehicles, No. 297,893 265,199 204,075 359,243 525,421 397,295 326,651 429,556 668,907
S L T B / Regional Bus Companies
Buses Operated (Daily Average) 4,129 4,246 4,482 4,441 4,365 4,314 4,373 4,226 5,270
Passenger Kilometers, Mn. (e) 14,694 15,080 11,233 11,815 11,907 11,909 12,201 12,717 15,210
Private Operator Buses 17,731 18,665 18,665 19,805 19,699 20,444 19,651 20,421 19,397
Sri Lanka Railways
Passenger Kilometers, Mn. 4,769 4,669 4,568 4,353 4,574 5,039 6,257 6,842 7,407
Freight Ton Kilometers, Mn. 133 121 113 163 154 142 133 130 130
SriLankan Air Lines
Passengers, 000 3,211 2,970 2,255 2,808 3,010 4,164 4,019 4,169 4,314
Freight, MT 000 97.7 87.4 69.1 83.1 90.4 97.8 99.6 96.0 103.2
(a) Provisional (d) Including mobile internet connections from 2010 onwards.
(b) Wireless Local Loop telephones and Cellular phones declined in 2013 due to (e) Data from 2009 has been revised due to a change in data source from
a revision in the classification of active subscribers in January 2013. National Transport Commission to Sri Lanka Transport Board.
(c) Wireless Local Loop telephones declined in 2012 due the rectification of
statistical reportings subsequent to the merger of two companies.
4
Table 1.5
External Sector
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014(a) 2015(b)
Balance of Payments (Billion of Rupees)

Trade Balance -404.7 -647.2 -358.7 -545.3 -1073.9 -1,196.3 -979.1 -1,082.0 -1,146.7
Services Account (net) 33.4 43.6 44.8 79.8 121.6 160.8 152.5 245.5 316.2
Primary Income Account (net) -39.1 -105.0 -55.8 -69.8 -72.0 -154.9 -226.1 -236.1 -286.1
Secondary Income Account (net) 255.7 288.6 345.5 413.9 513.2 688.6 728.7 813.1 842.1
Current Account Balance -154.7 -420.0 -24.2 -121.5 -511.1 -501.9 -324.0 -259.4 -274.6
Overall Balance 60.0 -145.8 315.2 88.0 -105.8 72.6 226.1 180.9 -129.7
Balance of Payments (Millions of US Dollars)

Trade Balance -3,656 -5,981 -3,122 -4,825 -9,710 -9,417 -7,609 -8,287 -8,430
Services Account (net) 302 401 391 707 1099 1,262 1,180 1,880 2,325
Primary Income Account (net) -358 -972 -488 -617 -647 -1,219 -1,751 -1,808 -2,097
Secondary Income Account (net) 2,311 2,666 3,005 3,660 4,643 5,392 5,639 6,227 6,193
Current Account Balance -1,402 -3,886 -214 -1,075 -4,615 -3,982 -2,541 -1,988 -2,009
Overall Balance 531 -1,385 2,725 921 -1,061 151 985 1,369 -1,489
Balance of Payments (Per Cent of GDP) (c)

Trade Balance -11.3 -14.7 -7.4 -8.5 (a) -14.9 (a) -13.8 (a) -10.2 (a) -10.4 (a) -10.2
Secondary Income Account (net) 7.1 6.5 7.1 7.4 7.8 9.1 8.4 7.8 7.5
Current Account Balance -4.3 -9.5 -0.5 -2.2 -7.8 -6.7 -3.8 -2.5 -2.4
Terms of Trade (2010=100) (d) 78.1 80.4 78.3 100.0 90.9 89.6 93.6 97.6 99.9
Total External Assets

Rs. Bn. 538.9 411.8 804.2 956.5 910.0 1,091.8 1,121.0 1,295.3 1,345.1
US $ Mn. 4,956 3,640 7,030 8,621 7,989 8,586 8,574 9,884 9,337
In Months of Imports 5.3 3.1 8.3 7.7 4.7 5.4 5.7 6.1 5.9
External Debt
Rs. Bn. 1,792.7 2,011.1 2,392.2 2,755.0 3,730.0 4,717.3 5,217.7 5,623.8 6,453.6
US $ Mn. 13,940 15,107 18,662 21,438 32,748 37,098 39,905 42,914 44,797
% of GDP (c) 50.1 45.6 49.5 49.2 57.0 62.2 59.4 53.6 54.4
Debt Service as a % of Exports of
Merchandise and Services, Income &
Current Transfers (e)(f) 13.9 16.1 11.9 9.3 13.5 16.4 11.4 17.3
Tourist Arrivals, 000 494.0 438.5 447.9 654.5 856.0 1,005.6 1,274.6 1,527.2 1,798.4
Exchange Rates (Annual Average)

Rs. / US dollar 110.62 108.33 114.94 113.06 110.57 127.60 129.11 130.56 135.94
Rs. / SDR 169.37 171.24 177.22 172.50 174.54 195.38 196.19 198.35 190.16
Rs. / Pound sterling 221.46 200.73 179.87 174.81 177.23 202.28 202.08 215.16 207.99
Rs. / Euro 151.63 159.32 160.21 150.10 153.86 164.01 171.51 173.47 150.84
Rs. / Yen 0.94 1.05 1.23 1.29 1.39 1.60 1.32 1.24 1.12
Rs. / Indian rupees 2.69 2.52 2.39 2.49 2.39 2.39 2.21 2.14 2.12
(a) Revised Sources : Sri Lanka Customs

(b) Provisional Central Bank of Sri Lanka
(c) Based on GDP at current market prices in rupees, as published by the Department of Census and Statistics.
(d) From 2007 onwards, trade indices have been calculated with a wider coverage using 2010 as the base year.
(e) External debt service payments were reclassified from 2008 onwards to capture debt servicing of government
securities (i.e., foreign holding of Treasury Bonds) in accordance with the External Debt Statistics Manual
(2003) of the International Monetary Fund.
(f) Based on External debt service payment figures in US $.
5
Table 1.6
Money and Interest Rates
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(a)
Reserve Money, Rs. Bn. 264.4 268.4 303.5 360.5 439.5 484.4 488.6 577.9 673.4
Monetary Aggregates, Rs. Bn.

Narrow Money (M1), Rs. Bn. 266.6 277.3 336.7 407.2 438.7 450.0 484.6 612.2 715.0
Broad Money (M2), Rs. Bn. 1,147.7 1,282.2 1,536.8 1,813.0 2,192.6 2,593.2 3,058.8 3,460.6 4,057.2
Broad Money (M2b), Rs. Bn. 1,404.0 1,522.8 1,806.2 2,091.4 2,491.7 2,929.1 3,417.9 3,875.9 4,565.9
Currency, Rs. Bn. 147.2 155.0 181.8 216.5 242.9 251.5 264.6 329.4 388.1
Demand Deposits, Rs. Bn. 119.4 122.3 154.9 190.6 195.8 198.5 220.0 282.7 326.9
Quasi Money, Rs. Bn. 1,137.4 1,245.5 1,469.5 1,684.2 2,053.0 2,479.0 2,933.3 3,263.7 3,850.9
% Change of : M2 15.6 11.7 19.9 18.0 20.9 18.3 18.0 13.1 17.2
M2b 16.6 8.5 18.6 15.8 19.1 17.6 16.7 13.4 17.8
Domestic Credit, Rs. Bn. 1,607.8 1,897.5 1,907.7 2,262.9 3,038.0 3,696.1 4,200.8 4,640.1 5,732.0
Monetary Authorities, Rs. Bn. 101.1 217.4 109.0 76.9 262.7 278.8 114.0 149.7 229.9
Domestic Banking Units, Rs. Bn. 1,202.2 1,365.0 1,521.9 1,843.6 2,365.7 2,897.3 3,487.7 3,773.5 4,598.0
Off-Shore Banking Units, Rs. Bn. 304.5 315.2 276.9 342.3 409.6 519.9 599.1 716.9 904.1
Money Multiplier : for M2 4.34 4.78 5.06 5.03 4.99 5.35 6.26 5.99 6.02
for M2b 5.31 5.67 5.95 5.80 5.67 6.05 7.00 6.71 6.78
Velocity : of M2 3.34 3.64 3.45 3.86 3.59 3.64 3.36 3.22 3.01
of M2b 2.73 3.01 2.90 3.34 3.15 3.17 2.99 2.88 2.67
Interest Rates (Year End),%

Bank Rate 15.00 15.00 15.00 15.00 15.00 15.00 15.00 15.00 15.00
Prime Lending Rate (Monthly) 17.00 19.17 11.12 9.27 10.49 14.29 9.96 6.35 7.40
Treasury Bill Yield : Primary 3 Months 21.30 17.33 7.73 7.24 8.68 10.00 7.54 5.74 6.45
Repo Overnight (b) 10.50 10.50 7.50 7.25 7.00 7.50 6.50 6.50 6.00
Reverse Repo Overnight (b) 12.00 12.00 9.75 9.00 8.50 9.50 8.50 8.00 7.50
Treasury Bonds Yield to Maturity (c) 15.50 20.53 9.55 8.27 7.77 13.62 10.87 8.93 6.70
Rupee Securities Rate
11.0019.00 14.00
Call Money Rate
16.0040.00 13.2520.00 8.639.40 7.758.15 8.759.10 9.509.85 7.507.75 6.006.50 6.406.40
Deposit Rates
Commercial Banks - AWDR (d) 10.31 11.63 8.01 6.23 7.24 10.10 9.37 6.20 6.20
NSB - Savings Deposits 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00
Fixed Deposits - 12 Months 15.00 15.00 9.50 8.50 8.50 12.50 9.50 6.50 7.25
(a) Provisional Source : Central Bank of Sri Lanka

(b) The Repurchase Rate and the Reverse Repurchase Rate of the Central Bank were
renamed as the Standing Deposit Facility Rate (SDFR) and Standing Lending Facility
Rate (SLFR), respectively, w.e.f. 2 January 2014.
(c) Treasury bond yield to maturity are for the lowest tenure issued during the year.
(d) AWDR : Average Weighted Deposit Rate.
Movement of Selected Market Interest Rates

16 Monthly AWDR
AWDR
14
91-day Treasury bills
12 Standing DepositFacility Rate
Per cent
10 Standing Lending Facility Rate
4
Jan
Jul
Jan
Jul
Jan
Jul
Jan
Jul
Jan
Jul
Jan
Jul
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
6
Table 1.7
Money and Capital Markets
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(a)
Call Money, Rs. Bn. 1,921.3 1,926.8 2,040.2 996.1 2,433.8 3,179.1 2,079.2 2,198.4 2,827.9
Treasury Bills, Rs. Bn.
Primary Market Issues 817.2 779.6 821.2 1,000.1 1,164.6 1,650.0 1,235.3 1,121.7 1,589.5
Outstanding (Year End) 307.0 409.0 481.4 571.8 661.0 709.3 774.1 750.3 663.3
Central Bank Secondary Market Rs. Bn.
Repurchases (Repo) 1,234.2 1,014.7 1,715.3 10,722.8 14,489.8 2,721.9 5,677.4 3,457.5 750.2
Reverse Repurchases (Reverse Repo) 172.5 904.6 851.9 0.0 141.0 797.9 187.4 4.0 44.4
Other Sales (b) 110.9 26.6 70.2 13.3 18.4 128.8 127.9
Purchases (b) 8.0
Central Bank T-Bill Holdings (Net of Repo Book Value) 41.8
(c) 143.2 36.0 2.3 167.3 163.3 13.3 3.1 79.1
Outstanding CBSL Securities (d) 78.6 95.1
Standing Deposit Facility (e) 5,181.6 17,989.8
Standing Lending Facility (e) 9.8 23.1
Issuing of CBSL Securities
CBSL Securities Overnight 165.8 1,611.8 313.9
CBSL Securities Term 10.1 169.3 1,153.1
Treasury Bonds, Rs. Bn.
Primary Market Issues 401.2 488.7 701.4 508.6 603.0 847.9 1,017.1 860.7 869.9
Outstanding (Year End) (f) 1,068.5 1,299.6 1,658.6 1,827.4 2,018.8 2,412.7 2,855.8 3,245.8 3,699.9
Foreign Exchange SWAP Transactions
Buy Sell US $ Mn. (g) 333.0 2,217.0 3,422.0 4,636.2 6,974.4
Rs. Bn. 37.7 275.5 442.1 605.4 952.6
Sell Buy US $ Mn. (g) 502.0 2,147.2 98.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Rs. Bn. 57.5 243.3 10.9 0.0 0.0 0.0
Foreign Exchange SWAP Outstanding
FX SWAP US $ Mn. 245.0 97.0 303.0 1,368.0 2,338.0 2,195.9 2,134.8
Rs. Bn. 28.0 10.8 34.4 177.9 312.2 291.0 300.1
Rupee Securities, Rs. Bn.
Primary Market Issues 23.3 1.9
Outstanding (Year End) 131.5 130.0 112.3 87.7 62.0 58.4 55.5 55.5 24.1
Commercial Papers, Rs. Bn.
Issued 30.1 23.8 21.5 12.3 13.5 36.9 28.3 8.2 7.9
Outstanding 5.0 4.4 5.8 4.3 8.1 10.6 7.4 3.5 4.5
Share Market
No. of Listed Companies 235 235 231 241 272 287 289 294 294
Trading Turnover, Rs. Bn. 105.0 110.5 142.5 570.3 546.3 213.8 200.5 340.9 253.3
Non-National Transactions (Net), Rs. Bn. 11.3 14.0 -0.8 -26.3 -19.0 38.7 22.8 21.2 -5.4
Market Capitalisation, Rs. Bn. 820.7 488.8 1,092.1 2,210.5 2,213.9 2,167.6 2,459.9 3,104.9 2,938.0
All Share Price Index (1985=100) 2,541.0 1,503.0 3,385.6 6,635.9 6,074.4 5,643.0 5,912.8 7,299.0 6,894.5
Milanka Price Index (1998=1,000) 3,291.0 1,631.3 3,849.4 7,061.5 5,229.2 5,119.1
S&P Sri Lanka 20 Index (2004=1,000) (h) 3,085.3 3,263.9 4,089.1 3,625.7
Market Price Earnings Ratio 11.6 5.4 16.6 25.2 15.8 15.9 15.9 19.7 18.0
Market Dividend Yield, % 2.5 5.6 3.0 1.2 1.8 2.4 2.9 2.1 2.2
(a) Provisional
(b) Figures since March 2003 refer to the outright sales and purchases of Treasury bills.
(c) As at 31st December.
(d) Include CBSL securities issued on an overnight basis & term basis.
(e) Implemented from 2nd January 2014.
(f) Excludes Government Treasury bonds of Rs. 4,397 million issued to CWE in November 2003 and Rs. 78,441 million issued to CPC in January 2012 and Rs. 13,125 million
issued to capitalize Sri Lanka Airlines in March 2013.
(g) Include new and roll-over SWAP transactions.
(h) The S&P Sri Lanka 20 Index (S&P SL20) was introduced in June 2012.
7
Table 1.8
Government Finance
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(a)
(Billion of Rupees)
Revenue and Grants 595.6 686.5 725.6 834.2 983.0 1,067.5 1,153.3 1,204.6 1,460.9
Revenue 565.1 655.3 699.6 817.3 967.9 1,051.5 1,137.4 1,195.2 1,454.9
Grants 30.5 31.2 25.9 16.9 15.1 16.1 15.9 9.4 6.0
Total Expenditure and Net Lending 841.6 996.1 1,201.9 1,280.2 1,433.2 1,556.5 1,669.4 1,795.9 2,290.4
Recurrent Expenditure 622.8 743.7 879.6 937.1 1,024.9 1,131.0 1,205.2 1,322.9 1,701.7
Capital Expenditure and Net Lending 218.8 252.4 322.4 343.1 408.3 425.5 464.2 473.0 588.7
Current Account Surplus (+) / Deficit (-) -57.7 -88.5 -179.9 -119.8 -57.0 -79.6 -67.7 -127.7 -246.8
Overall Budget Surplus (+) / Deficit (-) -246.0 -309.6 -476.4 -446.0 -450.2 -489.0 -516.1 -591.2 -829.5
Total Financing 246.0 309.6 476.4 446.0 450.2 489.0 516.1 591.2 829.5
Foreign 100.9 -4.6 230.8 243.8 219.0 286.5 123.7 212.5 236.8
Domestic 145.1 314.3 245.6 202.2 231.2 202.5 392.4 378.7 592.7
Privatization Proceeds
Outstanding Central Government Debt 3,041.7 3,589.0 4,161.4 4,590.2 5,133.4 6,000.1 6,793.2 7,390.9 8,503.2
(As a percentage of GDP)
Revenue and Grants 16.6 15.6 15.0 13.0 13.6 12.2 12.0 11.5 13.1
Revenue 15.8 14.9 14.5 12.7 13.4 12.0 11.9 11.4 13.0
Grants 0.9 0.7 0.5 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1
Expenditure and Net Lending 23.5 22.6 24.9 20.0 19.9 17.8 17.4 17.2 20.5
Recurrent Expenditure 17.4 16.9 18.2 14.6 14.2 13.0 12.6 12.7 15.2
Capital Expenditure and Net Lending 6.1 5.7 6.7 5.3 5.7 4.9 4.8 4.5 5.3
Current Account Surplus (+) / Deficit (-) -1.6 -2.0 -3.7 -1.9 -0.8 -0.9 -0.7 -1.2 -2.2
Overall Budget Surplus (+) / Deficit (-) -6.9 -7.0 -9.9 -7.0 -6.2 -5.6 -5.4 -5.7 -7.4
Outstanding Central Government Debt 85.0 81.4 86.2 71.6 71.1 68.7 70.8 70.7 76.0
Domestic Debt 47.9 48.5 49.7 40.0 38.8 37.0 40.0 40.9 44.3
Foreign Debt 37.1 32.8 36.5 31.6 32.3 31.7 30.9 29.8 31.7
Debt Service Payments 14.0 13.4 17.1 12.8 12.4 11.7 12.1 10.3 11.8
Interest Payments 5.1 4.8 6.4 5.5 4.9 4.7 4.8 4.2 4.6
(a) Provisional. Sources : Ministry of Finance
Table 1.9
Financial Institutions
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014(a) 2015(b)
Central Bank
Assets, Rs. Bn. 561.9 598.4 821.9 985.4 1,141.7 1,284.4 1,246.0 1,464.3 1,426.3
International Reserves 440.3 345.0 685.7 862.5 838.6 965.9 1,058.4 1,130.0 1,126.7
Credit to Government 102.5 218.6 111.3 80.0 264.5 279.5 114.4 150.0 230.3
Credit to Financial Institutions 2.1 1.6 1.1 2.5 2.3 1.8 1.4 1.5 0.9
Currency in Circulation, Rs. Bn. 173.4 186.1 217.4 255.7 293.2 318.1 339.8 416.9 491.7
Deposits, Rs. Bn. 239.9 260.9 361.9 465.0 646.6 736.4 678.5 603.3 732.7
Commercial Banks
No. of Banks 23 23 23 23 24 24 24 25 25
Branches (c) 1,765 2,076 2,213 2,379 2,625 2,752 2,839 2,894 2,925
Assets, Rs. Bn. 2,098.3 2,259.9 2,506.6 2,974.6 3,578.5 4,355.7 5,022.1 5,884.4 6,974.3
Loans, Rs. Bn. 1,366.5 1,456.6 1,407.0 1,764.2 2,329.1 2,830.7 3,079.4 3,453.9 4,258.3
Investments, Rs. Bn. 348.5 454.0 652.8 763.8 717.2 869.0 1,224.0 1,394.0 1,813.1
Capital, Rs. Bn. 161.7 179.1 197.9 236.4 305.4 366.9 418.9 490.7 574.1
Deposits, Rs. Bn. 1,456.7 1,560.2 1,850.6 2,153.4 2,558.7 3,061.3 3,552.4 3,976.6 4,639.0
Non-Bank Financial Institutions
Assets (net), Rs. Bn. 230.9 276.5 284.0 370.8 474.2 573.4 684.6 814.6 996.1
Investments 15.1 20.1 25.7 51.6 30.7 40.0 51.8 109.7 99.6
Loans and Advances (net) 166.7 193.1 183.1 248.7 373.1 448.9 521.3 603.7 795.8
Deposits, Rs. Bn. 78.2 103.5 119.8 146.1 186.0 254.1 337.3 414.1 480.6
Selected Other Institutions Assets, Rs. Bn.
Rural Banks (d) 31.6 36.4 41.6 54.7 67.6 77.2 94.9 103.5 108.1
Licensed Specialised Banks (e) 405.9 437.5 506.7 576.0 673.7 742.5 919.3 1,087.5 1,103.2
Unit Trusts 6.3 6.8 10.0 22.2 22.7 31.1 54.3 126.5 130.3
Employees Provident Fund, Rs. Bn. 562.4 655.4 772.0 899.7 1,018.0 1,144.0 1,300.0 1,488.2 1,665.0
Employees Trust Fund, Rs. Bn. 78.7 92.4 107.3 125.9 142.4 158.4 178.5 199.1 223.5
(a) Revised.
(b) Provisional.
(c) Includes main branches and extension offices only.
(d) Registered with Department of Labour.
(e) Excluding Rural Banks.
8
Selected Socio-Economic Indicators Graphical Illustrations
Population Selected Macroeconomic Indicators

21.0 25
GDP Growth Money Supply (M2b) Growth
Inflation (CCPI Change) Unemployment Rate
20.0
20
Million
19.0
15
Per cent
18.0
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
10
1.3 Population Growth, %
Per cent
1.1 5
0.9
0
0.7
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Gross Value Added at Basic Prices Domestic Expenditure and Savings

(Current) (Per cent of GDP)
12,000 90
75
10,000
GVA
Savings - Investment Gap

60
8,000 Consumption
Investment
45
Rs. Billion
Domestic Savings
Per cent
6,000 Services
30
4,000
15
2,000 Industry
0
Agriculture -15
0
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Balance of Payments Fiscal Operations

(Per cent of GDP) (Per cent of GDP)
40 20
Current Account Balance
Overall Balance
15
Exports
30
Imports
10
Per cent
20
5
Per cent
0
10
-5
0
-10
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
-10 Revenue
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Current Account
Recurrent Expenditure
Budget Deficit
Capital Expenditure and Net Lending
9
Selected Socio-Economic Indicators Graphical Illustrations
Money Supply Selected Interest Rates

(Per cent of GDP)
50 25
Treasury Bill Yield - 3 Months Average Weighted
Deposit Rate (Com. Banks)
Prime Lending
LIBOR - US$ - 3 Months
40 20
30 Currency 15
Per cent
Per cent
Reserve Money (M0)

Narrow Money (M1)
20 10
Broad Money (M2b)
10 5
0 0
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Social Indicators
Selected Socio-Economic Indicators Selected Asian Countries
180
100
Telephones,
per 100 Persons Literacy Rate, %
150 (20052013)
Hospital Beds,
per 10,000 Persons 80 Life Expectancy, Years
Doctors, (2014)
per 100,000 Persons
120
60
Number
90
40
60
20
30
0
0 Sri Pakistan India Bangla- Philip- Indonesia Thai- Malaysia
Lanka desh pines land
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
GDP Per Capita/GDP Per Capita PPP World GDP Growth

Selected Regions Selected Regions
30,000 8
GDP Growth, % 2014
GDP Per Capita (2014) GDP Growth, % 2015
GDP Per Capita PPP (2014) 6
24,000
4
18,000
Per cent
US $
2
12,000
6,000
-2
World Advanced Emer- Emer- Emer- Middle Latin Sri
Econo- ging & ging & ging & East, American Lanka
0 mies Deve- Deve- Deve- North and the
Sri Pakistan India Bangla- Philip- Indo- Thai- Malaysia loping loping loping Africa, Caribbean
Lanka desh pines nesia land Economies Asia Europe Afghani-
stan &
Pakistan
10
CLIMATE
Table 2.1
Mean Temperature 2006 2015
Degrees Celsius
Meteorological Station 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Anuradhapura 28.4 28.2 28.1 28.6 28.5 28.3 28.6 28.3 28.3 28.4
Badulla 24.4 23.8 23.1 23.5 23.5 23.2 23.5 23.2 23.3 23.3
Bandarawela 20.8 20.8 20.7 21.1 21.1 20.7 21.0 20.7 20.9 20.9
Batticaloa 28.5 28.1 28.2 28.6 28.5 28.2 28.5 28.4 28.3 28.4
Colombo 27.7 27.8 27.5 27.9 28.0 27.9 28.0 28.0 28.0 28.0
Galle 27.3 27.2 27.2 27.5 27.4 27.3 27.3 27.3 27.4 27.5
Hambantota 27.8 27.6 27.6 27.8 24.1 28.0 28.0 28.0 28.4 28.1
Jaffna 28.6 28.2 28.1 28.5 28.4 28.2 28.5 28.2 28.7 28.4
Katugastota 24.5 24.8 24.9 25.2 25.2 24.9 25.1 24.9 25.1 25.1
Katunayake 27.7 27.9 27.6 27.9 27.9 27.8 27.8 27.7 27.9 27.9
Kurunegala 27.5 27.4 27.3 27.3 27.3 26.9 27.7 27.5 27.6 27.9
Maha Illuppallama 27.5 27.3 27.3 27.8 27.7 27.7 27.9 27.6 27.6 27.7
Mannar 28.6 28.6 28.3 28.3 28.3 28.0 28.3 28.1 28.2 28.4
Nuwara Eliya 16.1 16.1 16.2 15.9 16.5 16.5 16.1 16.0 16.3 16.4
Pottuvil 28.5 28.1 28.1 28.6 28.6 28.2 28.6 28.4 28.4 28.5
Puttalam 27.8 27.8 27.7 27.9 28.0 27.8 30.6 27.9 27.9 27.5
Ratmalana 28.1 28.1 27.9 28.3 28.4 28.2 28.3 28.3 27.3 28.6
Ratnapura 27.2 27.4 27.1 27.3 27.5 27.4 27.6 27.6 27.7 27.9
Trincomalee 29.1 27.2 28.6 29.1 28.0 29.9 29.2 28.5 28.8 28.8
Vavuniya 28.0 28.1 28.0 28.3 28.4 28.0 28.4 27.9 28.2 28.1
Source : Department of Meteorology
Table 2.2
Rainfall and Rainy Days Hydro Catchment Areas 2006 2015
Station 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Annual Rainfall, Millimetres

Canyon 3,491.1 3,728.6 3,244.6 4,206.4 4,419.3 3,283.4 2,753.1 5,263.2 4,049.7 2,689.3
Castlereigh 3,098.0 3,049.4 2,751.7 3,631.2 3,920.0 2,412.8 2,169.3 4,155.8 3,175.3 2,801.9
Kothmale Power Station 2,493.8 2,104.0 2,073.5 1,989.9 2,969.9 1,974.4 1,054.4 2,740.4 2,381.3 2,064.5
Laxapana 3,901.3 4,231.4 3,764.9 4,091.0 5,010.8 4,009.7 3,215.8 5,224.5 4,341.5 3,431.9
Maussakele 2,623.2 2,762.4 2,461.4 3,398.4 3,240.7 2,273.9 2,237.8 4,017.8 3,193.1 2,247.1
Norton 3,953.4 4,461.4 3,638.4 3,704.3 5,199.3 3,829.6 3,186.8 5,783.4 4,667.9 3,624.7
Samanala Power Station 4,482.8 4,200.4 4,803.8 4,476.6 5,513.7 4,159.4 3,444.9 4,903.7 3,573.6 4,355.3
Wimalasurendra Power Station 3,943.4 4,449.8 3,613.1 2,842.9 4,388.4 3,793.0 2,871.8 5,714.0 4,070.9 3,952.8

Annual Rainy Days
Canyon 198 186 212 214 220 208 196 219 222 181
Castlereigh 183 185 198 198 206 182 158 184 193 183
Kothmale Power Station 172 143 166 133 168 159 74 142 132 146
Laxapana 196 194 218 224 218 204 179 209 218 189
Maussakele 172 160 170 183 201 189 178 194 192 160
Norton 200 201 230 183 218 208 181 220 229 191
Samanala Power Station 194 191 213 202 201 191 189 207 187 225
Wimalasurendra Power Station 200 200 217 162 174 206 168 220 201 212
n.a. Not available Source : Department of Meteorology
11
CLIMATE
Table 2.3
Rainfall and Rainy Days Selected Stations 2006 2015
Meteorological Station 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Annual Rainfall, Millimetres

Anuradhapura 1,324.4 1,380.9 1,485.5 1,075.1 1,665.4 1,815.9 1,878.1 1,193.9 2,483.5 2,220.6
Badulla 2,370.1 1,632.7 1,864.3 1,582.9 2,176.0 2,525.1 1,516.2 1,865.1 2,164.4 2,433.7
Bandarawela 2,080.8 1,638.0 2,103.6 1,319.5 1,687.7 1,947.5 1,895.5 1,559.0 1,807.8 2,014.9
Batticaloa 1,306.3 1,570.2 1,987.3 2,056.0 1,760.6 3,581.3 1,786.4 1,973.7 2,518.3 1,982.2
Colombo 2,722.9 2,085.8 2,622.1 2,134.4 3,369.9 1,774.2 2,464.6 1,990.6 2,635.0 2,948.0
Galle 2,552.9 3,091.2 2,776.8 2,303.5 3,049.1 2,308.5 2,367.2 1,799.1 2,677.7 2,577.2
Hambantota 1,333.5 1,017.8 1,139.8 880.6 875.2 1,014.8 1,294.4 966.3 1,095.7 1,316.4
Jaffna 159.1 1,168.3 1,811.8 1,270.9 1,496.6 1,470.7 943.2 1,033.3 1,368.6 1,338.9
Katugastota 2,120.7 1,827.6 1,848.6 1,944.0 2,665.6 1,776.6 1,990.9 1,925.5 2,539.1 1,976.6
Katunayake 2,594.8 1,659.9 2,516.1 1,690.9 2,585.6 1,446.1 1,945.2 2,057.1 2,276.3 2,364.5
Kurunegala 2,316.1 1,618.4 2,404.8 2,050.8 2,434.3 1,958.0 1,961.9 1,805.4 2,737.4 2,050.2
Maha Illuppallama 1,529.0 1,494.2 1,545.7 1,010.7 1,600.9 1,706.4 1,486.0 1,161.7 2,064.9 1,844.1
Mannar 938.8 642.8 1,219.2 964.5 1,074.9 1,203.2 923.5 918.6 1,052.5 1,548.0
Nuwara Eliya 2,555.3 1,674.7 1,587.0 1,639.9 2,181.4 1,699.6 1,771.1 2,157.7 1,857.7 2,021.2
Pottuvil 1,607.2 1,368.5 1,727.5 1,473.1 1,224.9 2,196.8 1,400.2 1,613.0 1,861.0 1,610.7
Puttalam 1,520.8 918.3 1,341.7 956.9 1,333.9 826.3 1,141.2 905.1 1,696.6 1,664.3
Ratmalana 3,082.3 2,084.4 2,967.2 2,476.2 3,404.9 2,042.9 2,272.3 2,128.2 2,222.7 3,013.1
Ratnapura 3,735.6 3,104.5 3,883.5 3,394.2 4,561.1 3,430.0 3,380.3 3,575.7 4,710.6 3,462.5
Trincomalee 77.6 483.2 1,844.5 1,888.9 1,419.5 2,906.5 1,810.4 1,492.5 1,691.5 2,030.3
Vavuniya 1,028.2 1,504.3 1,224.3 1,369.0 1,359.6 1,869.2 1,559.3 1,304.5 2,106.0 1,795.7
Annual Rainy Days
Anuradhapura 93 88 112 87 103 104 92 93 138 131

Badulla 181 138 168 158 148 350 135 151 175 181
Bandarawela 177 150 180 162 146 167 135 158 138 180
Batticaloa 92 96 112 95 94 117 85 98 118 124
Colombo 173 154 184 179 158 161 167 167 211 208
Galle 212 189 182 191 193 177 162 172 216 207
Hambantota 133 101 109 122 104 108 111 110 108 118
Jaffna 19 73 91 59 84 95 69 82 103 105
Katugastota 188 167 170 186 174 175 146 171 220 192
Katunayake 166 137 156 164 159 151 151 149 183 175
Kurunegala 169 140 158 159 158 148 141 153 204 155
Maha Illuppallama 114 90 134 103 114 111 98 98 150 122
Mannar 68 56 82 69 70 86 65 55 96 86
Nuwara Eliya 219 189 198 204 204 198 167 196 225 207
Pottuvil 90 101 110 99 83 108 86 94 120 109
Puttalam 114 81 116 110 106 102 96 81 112 124
Ratmalana 181 165 206 186 181 173 181 163 206 205
Ratnapura 243 199 243 227 233 219 207 228 257 236
Trincomalee 15 33 104 104 105 130 86 82 124 110
Vavuniya 92 90 86 82 103 114 85 85 128 116
Source : Department of Meteorology
12
CLIMATE
Table 2.4
Humidity 2014 2015
Percentage
Meteorological Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Station
D N D N D N D N D N D N D N D N D N D N D N D N
Year 2014
Anuradhapura 76 93 66 91 59 89 65 91 71 91 66 86 62 83 64 86 62 89 76 94 83 95 86 95
Badulla 84 n.a. 74 n.a. 70 n.a. 69 n.a. 74 n.a. 63 n.a. 57 n.a. 65 n.a. 67 n.a. 80 n.a. 83 n.a. 88 n.a.
Bandarawela 82 n.a. 65 n.a. 65 n.a. 72 n.a. 73 n.a. 62 n.a. 58 n.a. 64 n.a. 67 n.a. 80 n.a. 82 n.a. 87 n.a.
Batticaloa 82 88 75 83 74 82 72 87 75 89 60 77 56 72 68 81 n.a. n.a. 76 90 80 90 88 93
Colombo 69 83 67 85 69 86 75 90 77 87 79 86 76 85 79 88 78 88 79 92 79 92 80 92
Galle 80 89 n.a. n.a. 70 83 78 87 84 88 84 88 85 89 86 91 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 82 90 n.a. n.a.
Hambantota 71 86 68 85 70 86 76 86 80 90 69 85 65 86 79 90 82 90 80 92 82 92 82 93
Jaffna 80 n.a. 72 n.a. 63 n.a. 65 n.a. 76 n.a. 69 n.a. 67 n.a. 72 n.a. 74 n.a. 74 n.a. n.a. n.a. 83 n.a.
Katugastota 75 92 63 91 57 87 70 95 75 94 77 88 75 84 77 91 76 92 80 97 84 96 86 96
Katunayake 65 86 63 86 67 87 75 92 78 91 79 86 77 85 80 88 79 89 80 93 81 95 82 94
Kurunegala 68 n.a. 56 n.a. 56 n.a. 70 n.a. 74 n.a. 74 n.a. 71 n.a. 75 n.a. 74 n.a. 78 n.a. 81 n.a. 83 n.a.
Maha Illuppallama 78 n.a. 67 n.a. 57 n.a. 67 n.a. 73 n.a. 69 n.a. 65 n.a. 66 n.a. 64 n.a. 76 n.a. 84 n.a. 86 n.a.
Mannar 78 86 69 84 67 86 73 87 78 85 76 84 76 84 78 85 78 87 79 88 83 90 86 91
Nuwara Eliya 81 92 64 75 66 75 71 89 80 92 86 92 86 92 83 91 82 93 83 94 84 91 89 96
Polonnaruwa 81 96 73 96 65 95 59 91 65 87 53 68 50 66 55 74 50 n.a. 70 90 82 95 88 n.a.
Pottuvil 79 n.a. 75 n.a. 72 n.a. 72 n.a. 75 n.a. 64 n.a. 64 n.a. 69 n.a. 70 n.a. 75 n.a. 82 n.a. 85 n.a.
Puttalam 75 93 68 93 63 90 75 93 78 90 77 85 76 85 77 88 77 89 78 92 85 97 86 96
Ratmalana 68 83 66 85 66 87 72 90 74 86 75 83 n.a. n.a. 76 86 74 87 76 91 77 93 79 92
Ratnapura 72 94 66 91 68 93 80 98 80 96 80 90 76 89 82 95 80 96 85 97 83 97 84 97
Trincomalee 83 88 73 81 72 83 70 87 66 84 56 77 56 n.a. 64 n.a. 63 n.a. 76 n.a. 83 n.a. 87 n.a.
Vavuniya 80 n.a. 72 n.a. 64 n.a. 66 n.a. 73 n.a. 65 n.a. 62 n.a. 67 n.a. 65 n.a. 79 n.a. 82 n.a. 86 n.a.
Year 2015
Anuradhapura 69 92 71 92 64 89 68 91 73 91 68 88 64 84 62 87 67 90 76 93 82 95 79 94
Badulla 77 77 79 80 71 79 77 82 74 76 71 n.a. 65 n.a. 64 n.a. 73 n.a. 83 n.a. 83 n.a. 85 n.a.
Bandarawela 75 82 n.a. n.a. 67 n.a. 79 80 76 74 70 n.a. 62 n.a. 66 n.a. 75 n.a. 84 n.a. 83 n.a. 84 n.a.
Batticaloa 77 84 79 87 75 85 72 87 73 87 65 83 61 78 64 79 67 82 79 90 83 92 82 88
Colombo 68 84 70 86 71 89 73 89 77 87 79 89 76 84 76 85 82 90 78 92 78 93 75 90
Galle 79 87 78 88 73 86 77 87 82 87 81 85 83 87 82 86 84 88 82 89 80 90 79 89
Hambantota 73 86 71 87 72 87 76 89 82 90 78 88 78 89 81 91 85 92 80 91 80 93 81 91
Jaffna 71 76 73 76 67 74 68 75 76 71 74 n.a. 71 n.a. 71 n.a. 73 n.a. 80 n.a. 85 n.a. 84 n.a.
Katugastota 68 92 71 92 65 93 77 95 75 95 74 92 73 89 73 91 77 95 81 97 82 96 80 95
Katunayake 66 87 66 88 71 92 74 92 79 91 80 91 75 84 76 85 79 91 80 94 80 95 75 92
Kurunegala 62 70 63 72 61 75 73 80 75 75 75 n.a. 68 n.a. n.a. n.a. 75 n.a. 78 n.a. 79 n.a. 77 n.a.
Maha Illuppallama 71 76 74 78 65 77 70 80 74 72 70 n.a. 64 n.a. 64 n.a. 70 n.a. 78 n.a. 83 n.a. 82 n.a.
Mannar 75 85 74 87 72 89 75 88 80 86 76 82 77 77 77 85 79 87 80 90 84 92 83 89
Mattala 66 88 67 90 67 89 71 94 74 93 64 89 61 86 67 89 77 93 77 95 81 96 80 94
Moneragala 67 70 71 77 68 77 74 79 70 71 66 n.a. 59 n.a. 58 n.a. 66 n.a. 76 n.a. 79 n.a. 81 n.a.
Nuwara Eliya 75 91 77 85 64 78 77 94 82 93 81 89 83 90 82 92 85 94 86 95 85 96 87 95
Polonnaruwa 73 n.a. 77 n.a. 71 n.a. 69 n.a. 67 n.a. 61 n.a. 54 n.a. 55 n.a. 67 n.a. 77 n.a. 82 n.a. 84 n.a.
Pottuvil 75 78 78 77 74 74 73 76 74 74 69 n.a. 66 n.a. 68 n.a. 73 n.a. 79 n.a. 82 n.a. 83 n.a.
Puttalam 72 93 74 95 67 92 73 92 79 89 74 85 73 84 75 87 75 89 78 93 82 96 82 96
Ratmalana 66 84 68 86 67 88 69 88 74 86 76 88 72 82 73 83 77 88 74 92 75 93 74 90
Ratnapura 69 93 71 95 71 95 77 97 79 96 80 96 78 91 79 94 84 97 82 98 82 98 80 97
Trincomalee 75 73 76 82 73 88 71 90 67 85 62 83 57 77 60 82 69 n.a. 78 92 85 95 82 89
Vavuniya 71 n.a. 73 n.a. 67 n.a. 72 n.a. 77 n.a. 74 n.a. 66 n.a. 67 n.a. 73 n.a. 77 n.a. 85 n.a. 83 n.a.
D Day Source : Department of Meteorology

N Night
n.a. Not available
13
POPULATION AND LABOUR FORCE
Table 3.1
Population by District and Sector 2001 and 2012
2001 Census (a) 2012 Census (b)
District No. 000 Per cent No. 000 Per cent
Total Urban Rural Estate Urban Rural Estate Total Urban Rural Estate Urban Rural Estate
Colombo 2,251.3 1,229.6 1,014.4 7.3 54.6 45.1 0.3 2,324.3 1,802.9 513.5 7.9 77.6 22.1 0.3
Gampaha 2,063.7 300.9 1,762.0 0.7 14.6 85.4 0.0 2,304.8 360.2 1,943.4 1.2 15.6 84.3 0.1
Kalutara 1,066.2 113.2 915.5 37.6 10.6 85.9 3.5 1,221.9 109.1 1,075.2 37.6 8.9 88.0 3.1
Kandy 1,279.0 156.0 1,030.2 92.9 12.2 80.5 7.3 1,375.4 170.5 1,119.2 85.6 12.4 81.4 6.2
Matale 441.3 36.1 383.5 21.8 8.2 86.9 4.9 484.5 60.3 405.2 19.1 12.4 83.6 3.9
Nuwara Eliya 703.6 43.1 283.7 376.9 6.1 40.3 53.6 711.6 40.2 290.9 380.6 5.6 40.9 53.5
Galle 990.5 109.9 863.3 17.3 11.1 87.2 1.7 1,063.3 133.4 911.2 18.8 12.5 85.7 1.8
Matara 761.4 64.4 676.5 20.5 8.5 88.9 2.7 814.0 96.6 694.9 22.5 11.9 85.4 2.8
Hambantota 526.4 21.6 503.4 1.4 4.1 95.6 0.3 599.9 31.7 568.2 5.3 94.7
Jaffna 490.6 583.9 117.6 466.3 20.1 79.9
Mannar 151.6 99.6 24.4 75.2 24.5 75.5
Vavuniya 149.8 172.1 34.8 137.3 20.2 79.8
Mullaitivu 121.7 92.2 92.2 100.0
Kilinochchi 127.3 113.5 113.5 100.0
Batticaloa 486.4 526.6 151.2 375.3 28.7 71.3
Ampara 593.0 112.5 480.5 19.0 81.0 649.4 153.3 496.1 23.6 76.4
Trincomalee 340.2 379.5 85.1 294.4 22.4 77.6
Kurunegala 1,460.2 34.7 1,418.9 6.6 2.4 97.2 0.5 1,618.5 30.3 1,580.6 7.6 1.9 97.7 0.5
Puttalam 709.7 65.3 642.2 2.2 9.2 90.5 0.3 762.4 67.0 693.8 1.6 8.8 91.0 0.2
Anuradhapura 745.7 53.2 691.6 1.0 7.1 92.7 0.1 860.6 50.6 810.0 5.9 94.1
Polonnaruwa 359.0 358.7 0.3 99.9 0.1 406.1 406.1 100.0
Badulla 780.0 51.5 567.2 161.3 6.6 72.7 20.7 815.4 69.8 591.7 153.9 8.6 72.6 18.9
Monaragala 397.4 388.2 9.1 97.7 2.3 451.1 442.7 8.3 98.1 1.9
Ratnapura 1,015.8 58.2 855.2 102.4 5.7 84.2 10.1 1,088.0 99.5 888.8 99.7 9.1 81.7 9.2
Kegalle 785.5 17.1 712.9 55.5 2.2 90.8 7.1 840.6 16.0 767.5 57.2 1.9 91.3 6.8
Total 18,797.3 2,467.3 13,547.7 914.7 14.6 80.0 5.4 20,359.4 3,704.5 15,753.3 901.6 18.2 77.4 4.4
(a) Census of Population and Housing 2001 which covered 18 districts. Source : Department of Census and Statistics
(b) Census of Population and Housing of Sri Lanka 2012
- Negligible
Table 3.2
Population by Religion and Ethnicity Census Years
Total By Religion (%) By Ethnicity (%)

Population
Census
Bud- Hindu Islam Chris- Other Sinha-
000 Sri Indian Sri Burg- Malay Other
Year
dhist tian lese Lankan Tamil Lankan her
Tamil Moor
1881 2,759.7 61.5 21.5 7.2 9.7 0.1 66.9 24.9 6.7 0.6 0.3 0.5
1891 3,007.8 62.4 20.5 7.0 10.0 ... 67.9 24.1 6.6 0.7 0.3 0.5
1901 3,566.0 60.1 23.2 6.9 9.8 0.1 65.4 26.7 6.4 0.7 0.3 0.6
1911 4,106.4 60.3 22.8 6.9 10.0 ... 66.1 12.9 12.9 6.5 0.7 0.3 0.6
1921 4,498.6 61.6 21.8 6.7 9.9 ... 67.1 11.5 13.4 6.3 0.7 0.3 0.8
1931 5,306.9 61.6 22.0 6.7 9.8 ... 65.4 11.3 15.4 6.1 0.6 0.3 0.8
1946 6,657.3 64.5 19.8 6.6 9.1 ... 69.4 11.0 11.7 6.1 0.6 0.3 0.7
1953 8,097.9 64.3 19.9 6.7 8.9 0.1 69.4 10.9 12.0 6.3 0.6 0.3 0.5
1963 10,582.0 66.2 18.5 6.8 8.4 0.1 71.0 11.0 10.6 6.4 0.4 0.3 0.2
1971 12,689.8 67.3 17.6 7.1 7.9 0.1 72.0 11.2 9.3 6.7 0.4 0.3 0.1
1981 14,846.8 69.3 15.5 7.5 7.6 0.1 74.0 12.7 5.5 7.0 0.3 0.3 0.2
2001 (a) 18,797.3 76.7 7.8 8.5 7.0 ... 82.0 4.3 5.1 7.9 0.2 0.3 0.2
2012 (b) 20,359.4 70.1 12.6 9.7 7.6 ... 74.9 11.2 4.1 9.3 0.2 0.2 0.1
Negligible Source : Department of Census and Statistics

(a) Census of Population and Housing 2001 which covered 18 districts.
(b) Based on Census of Population and Housing 2012.
14
Table 3.3
Population by District, Religion and Ethnicity 2012 Census(a)
Population by Religion , % Population by Ethnicity , %

Population Sri Sri
District Roman Other Indian
000 Buddhist Hindu Islam Other Sinhalese Lankan Lankan Other
Catholic Christian Tamil
Tamil Moor
Colombo 2,324.3 70.2 8.0 11.8 7.0 2.9 0.1 76.5 10.1 1.0 10.7 1.6
Gampaha 2,304.8 71.3 2.3 4.9 19.5 2.0 0.0 90.5 3.5 0.4 4.2 1.3
Kalutara 1,221.9 83.4 3.2 9.4 3.3 0.7 0.0 86.8 1.9 1.9 9.3 0.2
Kandy 1,375.4 73.4 9.7 14.3 1.6 0.9 0.0 74.4 5.0 6.2 13.9 0.4
Matale 484.5 79.5 9.0 9.4 1.6 0.5 0.0 80.8 5.0 4.8 9.2 0.2
Nuwara Eliya 711.6 39.1 51.0 3.0 4.7 2.2 0.0 39.6 4.6 53.1 2.5 0.2
Galle 1,063.3 93.9 1.5 3.7 0.4 0.5 0.0 94.4 1.3 0.6 3.6 0.1
Matara 814.0 94.1 2.0 3.1 0.3 0.4 0.0 94.3 1.1 1.5 3.1 0.0
Hambantota 599.9 96.7 0.2 2.5 0.2 0.3 0.1 97.1 0.4 0.0 1.1 1.5
Jaffna 583.9 0.4 82.8 0.4 12.9 3.5 0.0 0.4 98.9 0.3 0.4 0.0
Mannar 99.6 1.8 24.1 16.6 52.6 4.8 0.0 2.3 80.4 0.7 16.5 0.0
Vavuniya 172.1 9.8 69.4 7.0 8.9 4.9 0.0 10.0 82.0 1.1 6.8 0.1
Mullaitivu 92.2 8.9 75.2 2.0 9.8 4.0 0.1 9.7 85.8 2.5 2.0 0.1
Killinochchi 113.5 1.1 81.9 0.6 10.6 5.7 0.0 1.2 97.3 0.9 0.6 0.0
Batticaloa 526.6 1.2 64.4 25.5 4.6 4.3 0.0 1.3 72.3 0.4 25.4 0.6
Ampara 649.4 38.7 15.8 43.4 1.2 0.9 0.0 38.9 17.3 0.1 43.4 0.3
Trincomalee 379.5 26.2 25.9 42.0 3.8 2.0 0.0 26.7 30.7 0.3 41.8 0.4
Kurunegala 1,618.5 88.5 0.9 7.3 2.7 0.6 0.0 91.4 1.1 0.2 7.1 0.2
Puttalam 762.4 43.2 3.8 19.7 31.5 1.6 0.2 73.6 6.3 0.3 19.4 0.5
Anuradhapura 860.6 90.1 0.4 8.3 0.8 0.4 0.0 91.0 0.5 0.1 8.2 0.2
Polonnaruwa 406.1 89.7 1.7 7.5 0.8 0.3 0.0 90.7 1.8 0.0 7.4 0.1
Badulla 815.4 72.6 19.3 5.8 1.5 0.8 0.0 73.0 2.7 18.5 5.5 0.4
Monaragala 451.1 94.6 2.7 2.2 0.4 0.2 0.0 94.9 1.8 1.1 2.1 0.1
Ratnapura 1,088.0 86.7 9.4 2.2 1.0 0.7 0.0 87.1 5.0 5.7 2.1 0.1
Kegalle 840.6 84.4 6.5 7.3 1.0 0.8 0.0 85.5 2.1 5.2 7.1 0.1
Total 20,359.4 70.1 12.6 9.7 6.2 1.4 0.0 74.9 11.2 4.1 9.3 0.5
(a) Based on Census of Population and Housing 2012 Source : Department of Census and Statistics
Table 3.4
Mid-year Population by Age Group 2001 and 2008 2015
Thousands
2001 (a) 2008 (a) 2009 (a) 2010 (a) 2011 (a)(b) 2012 (b)(c) 2013 (b)(c) 2014 (b)(c) 2015 (b)(c)
Age Groups
M F M F M F M F M F M F M F M F M F
04 814 783 876 846 886 855 895 864 901 873 882 867 888 874 897 882 906 891
59 842 812 901 873 911 883 920 892 932 904 885 868 892 875 900 883 909 892
1014 861 830 928 896 939 906 948 915 953 925 831 814 838 820 846 827 854 836
1519 927 897 997 973 1,008 984 1,018 993 1,025 999 822 827 829 833 836 841 845 849
2024 889 878 953 950 964 960 973 970 984 978 745 793 750 799 757 807 764 814
2529 730 755 789 814 798 824 805 831 808 841 746 812 751 818 759 825 766 833
3034 711 727 760 783 769 791 776 799 787 809 800 845 805 852 813 860 820 868
3539 693 708 744 761 752 769 760 777 766 788 688 726 693 731 700 738 706 745
4044 646 651 697 703 705 711 712 718 715 725 663 700 669 705 675 712 681 718
4549 562 576 608 624 615 632 621 638 622 641 620 670 625 675 631 681 637 687
5054 505 519 540 557 546 563 552 569 559 578 583 640 588 645 593 651 599 657
5559 356 387 387 416 391 421 395 425 394 431 503 565 506 570 511 575 516 580
6064 271 283 288 305 291 309 294 312 300 315 427 494 430 498 434 502 438 507
6569 206 236 224 260 227 263 229 265 228 263 284 351 287 353 289 357 292 360
7074 159 179 170 193 172 196 173 197 176 200 183 231 184 233 186 235 187 237
75 & over 187 217 198 232 200 235 202 237 207 242 226 333 228 335 229 339 231 341
Total 9,359 9,438 10,060 10,186 10,174 10,302 10,273 10,402 10,357 10,512 9,888 10,536 9,963 10,616 10,056 10,715 10,151 10,815
Total Population 18,797 20,246 20,476 20,675 20,869 20,424 20,579 20,771 20,966
M Male F Female Source : Registrar Generals Department

(a) Based on Census of Population and Housing - 2001
(b) Provisional
(c) Based on the final report of the Census of Population and Housing 2012
15
Table 3.5
Mid-year Population By Province and District 2001 and 2007 2015
Thousands
Province/District 2001(a) 2007(a) 2008(a) 2009(a) 2010(a)

2011(a)(b)
2012(b)(c)
2013(b)(c)
2014(b)(c) 2015(b)(c)
Western 5,381 5,729 5,782 5,841 5,891 5,919 5,866 5,896 5,936 5,979
Colombo 2,251 2,473 2,507 2,543 2,573 2,584 2,330 2,341 2,357 2,375
Gampaha 2,064 2,138 2,149 2,163 2,176 2,191 2,311 2,323 2,338 2,354
Kalutara 1,066 1,118 1,126 1,135 1,142 1,144 1,225 1,232 1,241 1,250
Central 2,424 2,608 2,637 2,668 2,696 2,719 2,582 2,604 2,631 2,658
Kandy 1,279 1,387 1,404 1,422 1,437 1,447 1,380 1,389 1,402 1,416
Matale 441 476 482 489 496 504 487 491 496 502
Nuwara Eliya 704 745 751 757 763 768 715 724 733 740
Southern 2,278 2,419 2,442 2,470 2,495 2,519 2,485 2,507 2,532 2,556
Galle 991 1,052 1,062 1,074 1,084 1,096 1,066 1,073 1,082 1,091
Matara 761 813 821 830 839 847 817 824 831 837
Hambantota 526 554 559 566 572 576 602 610 619 628
Northern 1,041 1,123 1,137 1,145 1,149 1,203 1,064 1,073 1,085 1,094

Jaffna 491 524 528 532 536 617 585 589 593 597

Kilinochchi 127 143 147 149 150 160 114 116 118 120

Mannar 152 160 161 161 162 105 100 101 103 104

Vavuniya 150 164 166 167 172 177 173 174 177 179

Mullaitivu 121 132 135 136 129 144 92 93 94 94
Eastern 1,419 1,493 1,515 1,540 1,561 1,584 1,561 1,575 1,593 1,615

Batticaloa 486 523 529 537 543 550 528 531 535 541

Ampara 593 615 624 635 644 654 652 659 667 677

Trincomalee 340 355 362 368 374 380 381 385 391 397
North Western 2,170 2,288 2,307 2,332 2,353 2,366 2,389 2,405 2,425 2,448
Kurunegala 1,460 1,530 1,541 1,556 1,569 1,577 1,624 1,633 1,645 1,658
Puttalam 710 758 766 776 784 789 765 772 780 790
North Central 1,104 1,195 1,209 1,224 1,238 1,255 1,271 1,283 1,298 1,312

Anuradhapura 745 800 809 819 829 840 864 873 883 893

Polonnaruwa 359 395 400 405 409 415 407 410 415 419
Uva 1,178 1,281 1,298 1,316 1,333 1,342 1,271 1,285 1,301 1,316

Badulla 780 855 866 879 891 897 818 826 835 844

Moneragala 398 426 432 437 442 445 453 459 466 472
Sabaragamuwa 1,802 1,903 1,919 1,940 1,959 1,962 1,935 1,951 1,970 1,988
Ratnapura 1,016 1,095 1,107 1,122 1,136 1,139 1,092 1,103 1,115 1,127
Kegalle 786 808 812 818 823 823 843 848 855 861
Total 18,797 20,039 20,246 20,476 20,675 20,869 20,424 20,579 20,771 20,966
(a) Based on Census of Population and Housing 2001 Source : Registrar Generals Department
(b) Provisional
(c) Based on the final report of the Census of Population and Housing 2012
16
Table 3.6
Population Density 2014 and 2015
Province / District Total Area Inland Waters Forests Land Area (a) Mid-year Population, 000 Density, Persons per Sq. km.
Sq. km. Sq. km. Sq. km. Sq. km. 2014(b)(c) 2015(b)(c) 2014(b)(c) 2015(b)(c)
Western 3,684 91 195 3,593 5,936 5,979 1,652 1,664

Colombo 699 23 15 676 2,357 2,375 3,487 3,513
Gampaha 1,387 46 14 1,341 2,338 2,354 1,743 1,755
Kalutara 1,598 22 166 1,576 1,241 1,250 787 793
Central 5,674 99 1,402 5,575 2,631 2,658 472 477
Kandy 1,940 23 317 1,917 1,402 1,416 731 739
Matale 1,993 41 599 1,952 496 502 254 257
Nuwara Eliya 1,741 35 486 1,706 733 740 430 434
Southern 5,544 161 932 5,383 2,532 2,556 470 475
Galle 1,652 35 236 1,617 1,082 1,091 669 675
Matara 1,283 13 187 1,270 831 837 654 659
Hambantota 2,609 113 509 2,496 619 628 248 252
Nothern 8,884 594 3,946 8,290 1,085 1,094 131 132
Jaffna 1,025 96 3 929 593 597 638 643
Kilinochchi 1,279 74 351 1,205 118 120 98 100
Mannar 1,996 116 1,024 1,880 103 104 55 55
Vavuniya 1,967 106 889 1,861 177 179 95 96
Mullaitivu 2,617 202 1,679 2,415 94 94 39 39
Eastern 9,996 635 3,030 9,361 1,593 1,615 170 173
Batticaloa 2,854 244 517 2,610 535 541 205 207
Ampara 4,415 193 1,696 4,222 667 677 158 160
Trincomalee 2,727 198 817 2,529 391 397 155 157
North Western 7,888 382 1,002 7,506 2,425 2,448 323 326
Kurunegala 4,816 192 185 4,624 1,645 1,658 356 359
Puttalam 3,072 190 817 2,882 780 790 271 274
North Central 10,472 731 3,326 9,741 1,298 1,312 133 135
Anuradhapura 7,179 515 1,979 6,664 883 893 133 134
Polonnaruwa 3,293 216 1,347 3,077 415 419 135 136
Uva 8,500 165 2,000 8,335 1,301 1,316 156 158
Badulla 2,861 34 683 2,827 835 844 295 299
Moneragala 5,639 131 1,317 5,508 466 472 85 86
Sabaragamuwa 4,968 47 765 4,921 1,970 1,988 400 404
Ratnapura 3,275 39 648 3,236 1,115 1,127 345 348
Kegalle 1,693 8 117 1,685 855 861 507 511
All Island 65,610 2,905 16,598 62,705 20,771 20,966 331 334
(a) Total land area excluding inland waters Sources : Surveyor Generals Office
(b) Based on the final report of the Census of Population and Housing 2012 Registrar Generals Department
(c) Provisional
Table 3.7
Vital Statistics 2001 and 2007 2015
Item 2001 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011(b) 2012(b) 2013(b) 2014(b) 2015(b)
Mid-year Population, 000 (a) 18,797 20,039 20,246 20,476 20,675 20,869 20,424 20,579 20,771 20,966
0 14 years 4,942 5,266 5,320 5,380 5,434 5,488 5,147 5,187 5,235 5,288
15 54 years 11,374 12,126 12,253 12,391 12,512 12,625 11,680 11,768 11,879 11,989
55 years & over 2,481 2,647 2,673 2,705 2,729 2,756 3,597 3,624 3,657 3,689
Mid-year Population Growth Rate, % 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.7 0.8 0.9 0.9
Crude Birth Rate per 1,000 19.1 19.3 18.8 18.4 17.6 17.4 17.5 17.9 16.9 16.0
Crude Death Rate per 1,000 6.0 5.9 5.9 5.9 6.2 5.9 6.0 6.2 6.2 6.3
Rate of Natural Increase per 1,000 13.0 13.2 13.0 12.6 11.4 11.5 11.5 11.7 10.7 9.7
Mid-year In-Migration, 000 882 1,530 1,644 1,645 2,106 2,433 2,496 2,629 2,875 3,252
Mid-year Out-Migration, 000 898 1,565 1,688 1,673 2,129 2,479 2,548 2,677 2,917 3,238
Mid-year Net Migration Rate per 1,000 -0.9 -1.8 -2.1 -1.7 -1.1 -2.2 -2.6 -2.3 -2.2 0.7
Density of Population,
(Persons per Sq. km.) 300 319 323 327 330 333 326 328 331 334
Infant Mortality per 1,000 Live Births 12.2 8.5 9.0 9.4 9.9 9.1 8.5 8.2 n.a. n.a.
(a) Until 2011, mid-year population estimates were prepared based on the Census of Sources : Department of Census and Statistics
Population and Housing of 2001. Mid-year population estimates from 2012 onwards Registrar Generals Department
were based on the final report of the Census of Population and Housing 2012.
(b) Provisional
n.a. Not available
17
Table 3.8
Crude Birth Rates and Death Rates by District 2009 2015 Per 1,000 Persons

2009(a) 2010(a) 2011(a) 2012(a) 2013(a) 2014(a) 2015(a)
District Crude Crude Crude Crude Crude Crude Crude Crude Crude Crude Crude Crude Crude Crude
Birth Death Birth Death Birth Death Birth Death Birth Death Birth Death Birth Death
Rate Rate Rate Rate Rate Rate Rate Rate Rate Rate Rate Rate Rate Rate
Colombo 22.9 8.3 22.1 8.3 21.2 8.2 15.7 6.7 16.1 7.0 15.4 6.8 14.4 7.0
Gampaha 11.6 4.6 12.4 5.3 12.5 5.2 14.4 5.6 14.6 6.0 13.7 6.0 13.1 6.2
Kalutara 15.6 6.1 14.4 6.0 14.8 6.0 15.4 6.3 15.8 6.6 14.8 6.5 14.2 6.8
Kandy 22.1 7.4 20.2 7.8 20.3 7.3 18.8 7.0 19.6 7.1 18.8 7.2 17.5 7.0
Matale 21.3 5.3 20.0 5.4 20.8 5.4 19.7 6.2 19.4 6.0 19.1 6.5 17.4 6.4
Nuwara Eliya 14.3 5.2 12.7 5.0 13.5 4.6 20.3 6.0 20.5 6.6 17.5 6.2 16.5 6.3
Galle 19.3 7.2 17.7 6.9 19.0 7.1 16.8 7.1 17.1 7.2 16.7 7.3 16.4 7.6
Matara 17.8 6.3 16.8 5.6 14.5 5.8 18.2 6.4 16.2 6.2 15.2 6.3 14.2 6.6
Hambantota 17.2 4.7 15.3 4.6 15.8 4.7 20.3 5.4 20.7 5.5 20.9 5.4 19.7 5.6
Jaffna 12.1 5.5 15.8 6.2 16.1 6.3 15.9 6.9 17.3 7.2 14.9 7.1 13.6 6.9
Kilinochchi 31.9 4.1 22.8 3.2 20.7 2.1 23.3 2.9 25.5 3.4 19.1 2.9 16.9 3.1
Mannar 13.4 2.8 13.5 3.1 14.1 3.3 19.9 3.4 19.5 3.8 15.4 3.7 18.1 3.8
Vavuniya 17.7 5.5 38.7 6.8 23.7 5.0 16.9 4.9 20.3 4.9 19.6 4.9 17.6 4.7
Mullaitivu 26.4 3.4 9.6 59.0 (b) 7.5 13.8 14.6 6.5 11.9 6.0 11.6 4.2 12.2 3.8
Batticaloa 20.7 4.6 19.6 4.3 17.7 5.1 18.4 5.4 20.0 4.8 18.1 4.8 17.3 4.9
Ampara 22.3 4.3 21.5 4.2 22.0 4.3 21.7 4.8 22.6 4.6 21.1 4.6 20.5 4.7
18
Trincomalee 25.1 4.3 22.7 3.6 23.8 3.7 22.2 3.8 20.8 4.1 22.1 4.1 20.5 4.4
Kurunegala 17.3 6.2 16.8 6.2 16.1 6.2 16.9 6.3 17.0 6.6 16.0 6.6 15.4 6.7
Puttalam 19.4 4.8 17.9 4.7 18.3 4.7 19.9 5.4 21.1 5.5 19.2 5.4 18.4 5.5
Anuradhapura 20.1 5.7 19.4 5.5 18.9 5.7 18.8 5.5 19.3 5.4 17.8 5.5 17.3 5.8
Polonnaruwa 18.4 4.7 18.2 4.5 18.1 4.4 16.5 4.7 18.6 5.3 17.7 5.5 16.9 5.2
Badulla 20.7 5.3 19.8 5.3 18.4 5.4 18.6 5.8 18.7 6.1 18.4 6.4 16.2 6.1
Moneragala 16.4 3.5 15.1 3.7 16.0 3.8 19.4 4.6 19.6 4.7 19.5 4.7 18.4 4.8
Ratnapura 19.1 5.7 17.7 4.4 18.7 5.1 17.9 6.0 18.5 6.2 18.0 6.1 16.7 6.1
Kegalle 13.9 6.0 13.4 5.6 12.6 5.7 16.7 6.5 16.3 6.9 16.0 6.9 14.9 6.9
Sri Lanka 18.4 5.9 17.6 6.2 17.4 5.9 17.5 6.0 17.9 6.2 16.9 6.2 16.0 6.3
(a) Provisional Source : Registrar Generals Department

(b) Past deaths in Northern Province was registered in Mullaitivu district in 2010.
Note : Calculations are done based on usual place of residence.
Table 3.9
Labour Force 2007 2015
Item 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012) 2013 2014 2015
(a) (b) (b) (b) (c)(d)(e) (c)(d)(e) (c)(d)(e) (c)(d)(e) (c)(e)
Household Population 000 15,048 16,320 16,578 16,862 14,976 14,858 14,959 15,134 15,282
Labour Force 000 7,489 8,082 8,074 8,108 7,926 7,798 8,034 8,049 8,214
Employed 000 7,042 7,648 7,602 7,707 7,592 7,489 7,681 7,700 7,831
Unemployed 000 447 434 471 401 335 310 353 348 383

Labour Force Participation Rates, %

By Age Groups
15 19 19.2 19.7 19.0 17.2 16.2 14.7 16.2 15.2 15.0
20 24 62.5 61.6 58.7 55.9 54.4 54.5 55.0 52.7 55.5
25 29 66.3 66.0 66.2 64.2 66.1 64.4 64.7 63.8 65.4
30 39 69.2 68.1 68.3 67.2 67.4 65.7 67.9 68.0 67.4
40 & above 55.6 54.8 53.7 53.8 53.1 52.7 54.1 53.4 54.0
All Ages (15 years & above) 49.8 49.5 48.7 48.1 52.9 52.5 53.7 53.2 53.8

By Sector and Sex
Urban
Male 65.5 65.8 63.1 63.6 69.8 70.7 70.2 70.4 70.0
Female 26.7 27.8 26.2 23.8 28.0 28.9 27.5 29.4 30.0
Total 45.0 45.9 43.5 42.0 47.8 48.3 47.7 48.7 48.6
Rural
Male 68.1 68.0 67.1 67.7 74.7 75.8 75.9 75.4 75.6
Female 34.3 33.9 33.7 32.3 35.3 33.8 37.0 35.7 37.1
Total 50.4 50.0 49.4 49.0 53.8 53.4 54.9 54.1 54.8

All Island
Male 67.8 67.8 66.6 67.1 74.0 74.9 74.9 74.6 74.7
Female 33.4 33.2 32.8 31.2 34.3 32.9 35.4 34.6 35.9
Total 49.8 49.5 48.7 48.1 52.9 52.5 53.7 53.2 53.8
(a) Excluding Northern and Eastern provinces. Source : Department of Census and Statistics
(b) Including Eastern Province and excluding Northern Province.
(c) Data covers the entire island.
(d) Revised.
(e) Provisional.
Notes : 1. Data upto 2010 are for the household population aged 10 years and above and data from 2011 onwards are for the household population aged 15 years
and above.
2. In July 2016, the Department of Census and Statistics published a re-weighted and revised labour force data series for 2011 onwards.
Labour Force : The labour force comprises of the economically active population aged 15 years and above.
Labour Force Participation Rate : Percentage of the current economically active population or the labour force to the total working age population.
Employed : Persons, who work as paid employees, employers, own account workers (self-employed), or unpaid family workers during the reference period
are said to be employed. This includes persons with a job but not at work during the reference period.
Unemployed : Persons who are seeking and available for work, but had no employment during the reference period.
19
Table 3.10
(a)
Employment 2006 2015
Percentage
Item 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
(b) (b) (c) (c) (c) (d)(e)(f) (d)(e)(f) (d)(e)(f) (d)(e)(f) (d)(f)
By Industrial Category (g)

Agriculture 32.2 31.3 32.6 32.6 32.7 33.1 31.2
Manufacturing 19.2 18.9 18.5 17.7 17.1 16.7 17.5
Construction (h) 7.4 7.7 7.7 7.4 7.1 7.2 8.4
Trade & Hotels 15.3 14.9 14.3 14.7 15.5 15.1 15.6
Transport, Storage & Communication 6.1 6.5 5.8 5.9 6.3 6.2 6.5
Insurance & Real Estate 3.1 3.1 3.2 3.0 3.4 3.5 3.5
Personal Services 16.8 17.6 17.9 18.8 17.9 18.2 17.4
Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

By Industrial Category (i)
Agriculture 30.2 28.9 28.7
Mining and Quarrying 1.2 1.0 0.8
Manufacturing 17.8 18.0 18.0
Construction, Electricity, Gas, Steam and
Air Conditioning Supply, Water Supply,
Sewerage, Waste management and
Remediation activities 7.0 7.3 7.0
Wholesale and Retail Trade, Repair of
Motor Vehicles and Motor Cycles 13.6 13.1 13.5
Transport and Storage 6.1 6.3 6.1
Accommodation and Food Services Activities 2.2 2.4 2.6
Information and Communication 0.7 0.8 0.7
Financial and Insurance Activities 1.8 1.9 1.8
Professional, Scientific and Technical Activities 0.8 0.6 0.8
Administrative and Support Service Activities 1.2 1.3 1.5
Public Administration and Defence Compulsory
Social Security 7.4 7.7 7.7
Education 3.9 4.1 4.1
Human Health and Social Work Activities 1.7 1.6 1.8
Other (j) 4.3 5.0 4.9
Total 100.0 100.0
100.0

By Occupational Groups
Senior Officials and Managers 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.7 1.7 4.8 4.6 6.1
Professionals 5.3 5.2 5.9 6.0 5.6 6.2 6.4 6.3 6.4 6.5
Technicians & Associate Professionals 5.1 5.4 5.5 5.2 5.1 5.0 5.7 5.8 5.8 6.0
Clerks 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.4 3.7 4.3 4.0
Sales & Service Workers; Proprietors &
Managers of Entreprises 14.6 14.2 14.4 14.7 14.9 15.3 14.4 11.0 11.7 10.9
Skilled Agricultural and Fishery Workers 22.4 21.4 22.2 22.5 22.3 23.0 21.5 19.4 20.3 18.6
Craft & Related Workers 17.0 17.1 16.4 15.5 15.7 15.9 16.9 17.0 17.1 16.2
Plant & Machine Operators & Assemblers 7.1 8.0 7.3 7.0 7.3 7.1 8.6 8.3 8.3 8.6
Elementary Occupations 22.2 22.4 21.9 22.6 22.6 20.7 19.8 23.1 21.2 22.6
Not Identified 0.5 0.6 0.7 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.5 0.6 0.4 0.5
Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

By Employment Status
Public Employees 13.4 13.8 15.2 15.5 14.3 14.6 15.3 15.2 15.5 15.1
Private Employees 42.1 42.7 41.2 42.1 41.2 40.5 41.2 40.5 40.9 41.0
Employers 3.1 2.8 2.9 2.6 2.6 2.9 2.8 3.0 2.7 3.1
Own Account Workers 30.8 30.4 30.2 29.2 31.5 31.5 31.9 32.2 32.0 32.3
Unpaid Family Workers 10.5 10.3 10.5 10.6 10.4 10.6 8.7 9.1 8.9 8.4
Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
(a) Data upto 2010 are for the household population aged 10 years and above Source : Department of Census and Statistics
and data from 2011 onwards are for the household population aged 15
years and above. (g) Based on the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC) Revision 3.
(b) Excluding Northern and Eastern provinces. (h) Mining & Quarrying, Electricity, Gas & Water also included.
(c) Including Eastern province but excluding Northern province. (i) Based on ISIC Revision 4.
(d) Data covers the entire island. (j) This includes activities of households as employers; Real estate; Arts, entertain-
(e) Revised ment and recreation; and Extra territorial organisations and bodies.
(f) Provisional. Note : In July 2016, the Department of Census and Statistics published a
re-weighted and revised labour force data series for 2011 onwards.
20
Table 3.11
Unemployment 2006 2015
Item 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
(a) (a) (b) (b) (b) (c)(d)(e) (c)(d)(e) (c)(d)(e) (c)(d)(e) (c)(e)
By Age Group
% of Labour Force
15 19 23.1 21.6 20.8 20.9 20.3 15.5 18.9 18.8 21.4 24.1
20 29 15.9 15.0 13.7 15.4 13.8 12.4 11.3 13.1 13.6 14.2
30 39 3.3 3.3 3.1 3.7 3.1 2.8 2.5 2.7 2.7 3.1
40 and above 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.4 1.0 0.7 0.8 1.0 0.9 1.0
Total 6.5 6.0 5.4 5.9 4.9 4.2 4.0 4.4 4.3 4.7
Percentage Distribution
15 19 17.5 15.7 15.8 14.5 14.8 12.7 14.1 13.7 14.2 14.5
20 24 39.3 41.2 38.4 37.5 38.7 42.2 40.5 41.0 39.8 37.4
25 29 21.5 19.7 21.5 21.3 21.2 20.7 18.8 18.1 19.3 20.5
30 39 11.9 13.1 13.6 15.1 14.7 15.9 15.8 15.1 15.4 15.8
Above 40 9.8 10.4 10.6 11.6 10.6 8.5 10.8 12.1 11.3 11.8
Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

By Level of Education
% of Labour Force
Grade 5 and below 1.3 ...
Grades 6 10 5.8 5.2 4.5 5.0 3.6 3.4 3.2 3.4 3.4 3.4
G.C.E. (O/L) 9.9 8.2 7.8 8.5 6.9 5.3 6.0 6.0 5.9 6.4
G.C.E. (A/L) and above 11.6 11.8 10.5 11.2 11.6 9.1 7.6 8.7 8.2 9.2
Total 6.5 6.0 5.4 5.9 4.9 4.2 4.0 4.4 4.3 4.7
Percentage Distribution
Grade 5 and below 4.5 4.3 4.5 4.3 2.7 2.9 (f) 2.6 (f) 3.9 3.1 2.5
Grades 6 10 41.8 41.0 39.3 39.9 34.9 38.1 37.4 36.5 37.7 34.4
G.C.E. (O/L) 26.7 22.1 23.4 23.1 22.7 19.8 27.2 22.1 22.4 24.4
G.C.E. (A/L) and above 27.0 32.6 32.8 32.7 39.7 39.2 32.9 37.5 36.8 38.7
Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
By Sex, % of Labour Force
Male 4.7 4.3 3.7 4.3 3.5 2.7 2.8 3.2 3.1 3.0
Female 9.7 9.0 8.4 8.6 7.7 7.1 6.3 6.6 6.5 7.6
Total 6.5 6.0 5.4 5.8 4.9 4.2 4.0 4.4 4.3 4.7
Source : Department of Census and Statistics

(a) Excluding Northern and Eastern provinces.
(b) Including Eastern Province but excluding Northern Province.
(c) Data covers the entire island.
(d) Revised.
(e) Provisional.
(f) These figures are to be treated with caution as the corresponding CV (Coefficient of Variation) values are high.
Negligible
n.a. Not available
Notes : 1. Data upto 2010 are for the household population aged 10 years and above and data from 2011 onwards are for the household population aged 15 years
and above.
2. In July 2016, the Department of Census and Statistics published a re-weighted and revised labour force data series for 2011 onwards.
Unemployment Rate : The number of unemployed persons as a percentage of the labour force.
Unemployed : Persons who are seeking and available for work, but had no employment during the reference period.
21
Table 3.12
Public Sector Employment 2013 2015(a)
2013 2014 (b) 2015 (c)
Service Level
Regular Other (d) Total Regular Other (d) Total Regular Other (d) Total
Government Institutions
Senior Level (e) 43,186 3,545 46,731 43,001 3,813 46,814 44,644 3,435 48,079
Tertiary Level (f)
243,677 38,981 282,658 262,957 39,072 302,029 263,997 38,129 302,126
Secondary level (g)
458,022 51,931 509,953 503,457 40,763 544,220 512,336 41,749 554,085
Primary Level (h)
139,833 54,675 194,508 204,510 11,613 216,123 215,270 8,449 223,719
Total 884,718 149,132 1,033,850 1,013,925 95,261 1,109,186 1,036,247 91,762 1,128,009

Semi-Government Institutions
Senior Level (e) 13,224 1,450 14,674 12,574 1,162 13,736 13,023 1,322 14,345
Tertiary Level (f) 30,089 2,555 32,644 28,855 2,697 31,552 28,501 2,894 31,395
Secondary level (g) 96,384 8,695 105,079 80,889 6,567 87,456 79,479 6,797 86,276
Primary Level (h) 85,601 17,303 102,904 88,474 14,689 103,163 89,934 15,861 105,795
Total
225,298 30,003 255,301 210,792 25,115 235,907 210,937 26,874 237,811

Public Sector (Total)
Senior Level (e) 56,410 4,995 61,405 55,575 4,975 60,550 57,667 4,757 62,424
Tertiary Level (f)
273,766 41,536 315,302 291,812 41,769 333,581 292,498 41,023 333,521
Secondary level (g)
554,406 60,626 615,032 584,346 47,330 631,676 591,815 48,546 640,361
Primary Level (h)
225,434 71,978 297,412 292,984 26,302 319,286 305,204 24,310 329,514
Total
1,110,016 179,135 1,289,151 1,224,717 120,376 1,345,093 1,247,184 118,636 1,365,820
Percentage

Government Institutions
Senior Level (e) 4.9 2.4 4.5 4.2 4.0 4.2 4.3 3.7 4.3
Tertiary Level (f) 27.5 26.1 27.3 25.9 41.0 27.2 25.5 41.6 26.8
Secondary level (g) 51.8 34.8 49.4 49.7 42.8 49.1 49.4 45.5 49.1
Primary Level (h) 15.8 36.7 18.8 20.2 12.2 19.5 20.8 9.2 19.8
Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Semi-Government Institutions
Senior Level (e) 5.9 4.8 5.7 6.0 4.6 5.8 6.2 4.9 6.0
Tertiary Level (f) 13.3 8.5 12.8 13.7 10.7 13.4 13.5 10.8 13.2
Primary Level (h) 38.0 57.7 40.3 42.0 58.5 43.7 42.6 59.0 44.5
Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Public Sector (Total)
Senior Level (e) 5.1 2.8 4.8 4.5 4.1 4.5 4.6 4.0 4.6
Tertiary Level (f) 24.7 23.2 24.4 23.8 34.7 24.8 23.5 34.6 24.4
Primary Level (h) 20.3 40.2 23.1 23.9 21.8 23.7 24.5 20.5 24.1
Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
(a) Re-categorized in accordance with the definitions given in the Public Administration Source : Central Bank of Sri Lanka
Circular No. 06/2006 issued on 25th April 2006.
(b) Revised
(c) Provisional
(d) Employees on contract and casual basis.
(e) Represents Executives/Senior Executives; Judicial/Law Officers and Medical Officers.
(f) Represents Field/Office based Officers; Supra/Special Class Management Assistants; Sri Lanka Principals Service; Police Inspectors/Chief Inspectors
and similar posts in other Regulatory Services; Special Grades of Nurses/Professions Supplementary to Medical Services and Para-Medical Services; and
Medical Practitioners.
(g) Represents Management Assistant (Technical and Non-Technical); Associate Officers; Sri Lanka Teachers Service; Police Constables/Sergeants/Sergeant
Major/Sub-Inspectors and similar posts in other Regulatory Services; Supervisory Management Assistants; and Nurses/ PSM Services and Para-Medical
Services except the Special Grades of these services.
(h) Represents primary level un-skilled, semi-skilled and skilled employees.
22
Table 3.13
Migration for Foreign Employment 2007 2015
Category \ Year 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014(a) 2015(a)
Total Migration for Employment (No.) 218,459 250,499 247,126 267,507 262,961 282,447 293,218 300,703 263,443
Male (No.) 103,476 128,232 119,381 148,001 136,307 144,135 175,185 190,217 172,788
% 47.4 51.2 48.3 55.3 51.8 51.0 59.7 63.3 65.6
Female (No.) 114,983 122,267 127,745 119,506 126,654 138,312 118,033 110,486 90,655
% 52.6 48.8 51.7 44.7 48.2 49.0 40.3 36.7 34.4

Average No. of Migrant travellers for
employment per day 599 686 677 733 720 774 803 824 721

Migration for employment
as a % of all departures n.a. n.a. 14.9 12.6 10.7 22.6 23.2 22.9 19.4

Migrant Employment by skills (%)
Professional 0.8 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.5 1.6 1.8 1.8 2.4
Middle level 1.8 3.5 2.6 2.6 2.3 3.3 5.6 6.9 2.6
Clerical & related 2.1 2.7 2.7 3.0 3.8 5.7 9.1 9.7 4.7
Skilled Labour 24.6 26.0 27.2 28.5 27.4 25.0 26.3 25.7 32.8
Unskilled Labour 23.9 23.6 20.3 22.6 24.2 22.3 24.2 26.4 29.6
Housemaids 46.9 43.1 46.0 42.1 40.9 42.1 33.0 29.5 27.8
Estimated stock of foreign employment

1,642,455
1,792,368
1,831,358
1,932,245 (a) n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.
Foreign employment as a % of total labour force 21.9 22.2 22.7 23.8 (a) n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.
Foreign employment as a % of total number

employed 23.3 23.4 24.1 25.1 (a) n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.
Migrant remittances (Rs. Mn.)

Middle-East 160,502 189,039 229,298 279,688 335,201 428,593 460,195 509,487 512,437
Other 116,226 127,079 153,503 185,684 233,902 335,387 367,494 406,857 436,520
Middle-East remittances as a % of total remittances 58.0 59.8 59.9 60.1 58.9 56.1 55.6 55.6 54.0
Total remittances as a % of export earnings 32.7 36.0 47.0 47.8 48.7 61.3 61.6 63.1 66.6
(a) Provisional Sources : Sri Lanka Bureau of Foreign Employment

n.a. Not available Department of Immigration and Emigration
Migrant Employment by Skills (%) Migrant Employment by Gender (%)

100.0
Housemaids
80.0
Unskilled Labour
60.0 Skilled Labour 36.7 34.4

Male
40.0 Clerical & Related 63.3 Female

65.6
Middle level
20.0
Professional
0.0 2014 2015
2014 2015
23
Table 3.14
Departures for Foreign Employment by Country 2007 2015
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(a)
Country \ Year
No.
% No. % No. % No.
% No. % No. % No. % No. % No. %
Middle Eastern Countries

Bahrain 4,975 2.28 4,650 1.86 5,925 2.40 7,052 2.64 5,423 2.06 4,536 1.61 4,547 1.55 3,979 1.32 3,722 1.41
Jordan 8,440 3.86 10,362 4.14 9,030 3.65 9,425 3.52 13,112 4.99 10,389 3.68 7,060 2.41 6,197 2.06 4,809 1.83
Kuwait 41,028 18.78 46,941 18.74 42,377 17.15 48,108 17.98 50,624 19.25 44,244 15.66 42,740 14.58 43,552 14.48 38,473 14.60
Lebonan 6,939 3.18 4,969 1.98 5,905 2.39 6,064 2.27 5,153 1.96 3,949 1.40 3,537 1.21 3,058 1.02 2,604 0.99
Oman 3,912 1.79 4,747 1.90 5,329 2.16 6,367 2.38 5,379 2.05 4,886 1.73 5,317 1.81 5,759 1.92 7,082 2.69
Quatar 38,943 17.83 39,476 15.76 43,888 17.76 54,676 20.44 52,743 20.06 57,504 20.36 80,724 27.53 84,622 28.14 65,139 24.73
Saudi Arabia 60,489 27.69 67,443 26.92 77,788 31.48 70,830 26.48 68,552 26.07 97,964 34.68 80,887 27.59 80,480 26.76 74,894 28.43
UAE 39,018 17.86 51,174 20.43 39,603 16.03 42,310 15.82 39,320 14.95 38,297 13.56 48,502 16.54 50,347 16.74 43,666 16.58

South East Asian Countries
Brunei 6 0.00 11 0.00 16 0.01 13 0.00 12 0.00 11 0.00 15 0.01 12 0.00 9 0.00
Hong Kong 316 0.14 299 0.12 352 0.14 306 0.11 366 0.14 451 0.16 513 0.17 468 0.16 493 0.19
Malaysia 1,043 0.48 1,293 0.52 1,050 0.42 3,693 1.38 2,459 0.94 2,694 0.95 3,297 1.12 3,312 1.10 3,239 1.23
Singapore 947 0.43 1,079 0.43 1,026 0.42 1,042 0.39 1,078 0.41 984 0.35 1,265 0.43 1,470 0.49 1,461 0.55
South Korea 2,680 1.23 6,995 2.79 3,993 1.62 5,261 1.97 7,406 2.82 5,630 1.99 5,402 1.84 6,686 2.22 6,967 2.64

European Countries
24
Cyprus 3,004 1.38 2,829 1.13 2,931 1.19 2,772 1.04 3,036 1.15 2,875 1.02 1,609 0.55 1,656 0.55 1,578 0.60
Greece 61 0.03 125 0.05 139 0.06 111 0.04 91 0.03 44 0.02 24 0.01 31 0.01 14 0.01
Italy 25 0.01 17 0.01 22 0.01 15 0.01 15 0.01 5 0.00 5 0.00 48 0.02 78 0.03

Other Countries
Maldives 3,915 1.79 4,228 1.69 3,902 1.58 4,178 1.56 4,194 1.59 4,044 1.43 3,485 1.19 4,511 1.50 4,813 1.83
Mauritius 947 0.43 357 0.14 654 0.26 329 0.12 361 0.14 273 0.10 382 0.13 149 0.05 196 0.07
Seychelles 326 0.15 890 0.36 622 0.25 174 0.07 178 0.07 295 0.10 315 0.11 536 0.18 464 0.18
United States 1 0.00 2 0.00 11 0.00 4 0.00 10 0.00 6 0.00 5 0.00 9 0.00 4 0.00
Other 1,444 0.66 2,612 1.04 2,563 1.04 4,777 1.79 3,449 1.31 3,366 1.19 3,587 1.22 3,821 1.27 3,738 1.42

Total 218,459 100.00 250,499 100.00 247,126 100.00 267,507 100.00 262,961 100.00 282,447 100.00 293,218 100.00 300,703 100.00 263,443 100.00
(a) Provisional Source : Sri Lanka Bureau of Foreign Employment

Table 3.15
Departures for Foreign Employment by Skill Level, Age Group and Gender 2014 2015
Year \
Age Group Below 25 25 29 30 34 35 39 40 44 45 49 Above 49 Total
Departures for Professional, Middle and Clerical Level Jobs
2014 Male 17,765 10,006 8,899 6,436 4,442 2,700 2,359 52,607
Female 471 717 510 390 289 187 246 2,810
Total 18,236 10,723 9,409 6,826 4,731 2,887 2,605 55,417
2015 (a) Male 3,817 4,993 4,623 3,526 2,462 1,719 2,007 23,147
Female 357 634 511 340 271 200 243 2,556
Total 4,174 5,627 5,134 3,866 2,733 1,919 2,250 25,703
Departures for Skilled Level Jobs
2014 Male 8,148 11,896 13,488 11,583 8,757 6,514 6,090 66,476
Female 1,917 1,267 1,257 943 581 394 327 6,686
Total 10,065 13,163 14,745 12,526 9,338 6,908 6,417 73,162
2015 (a) Male 12,785 13,415 14,598 12,814 9,525 6,979 6,914 77,030
Female 1,347 916 794 627 421 269 278 4,652
Total 14,132 14,331 15,392 13,441 9,946 7,248 7,192 81,682
Departures for Semi Skilled Level Jobs
2014
Male 598 880 767 511 324 169 145 3,394
Female 126 120 120 77 55 45 40 583
Total 724 1,000 887 588 379 214 185 3,977
2015 (a) Male 916 1,121 971 650 377 192 167 4,394
Female 66 96 89 70 44 45 43 453
Total 982 1,217 1,060 720 421 237 210 4,847
Departures for Unskilled Level Jobs
2014 Male 12,986 15,494 14,440 10,317 6,768 4,418 3,317 67,740
Female 1,259 1,616 1,971 2,048 1,998 1,711 1,176 11,779
Total 14,245 17,110 16,411 12,365 8,766 6,129 4,493 79,519
2015 (a) Male 16,633 14,680 13,272 10,042 6,291 4,120 3,179 68,217
Female 910 1,193 1,403 1,642 1,672 1,586 1,362 9,768
Total 17,543 15,873 14,675 11,684 7,963 5,706 4,541 77,985
Departures for Housemaid Jobs (Female only)
2014 Total 2,515 10,384 14,684 17,039 17,043 16,660 10,303 88,628
2015 (a) Total 1,592 7,980 11,258 14,233 13,931 13,727 10,505 73,226
Departures for all Occupations
2014 Male 39,497 38,276 37,594 28,847 20,291 13,801 11,911 190,217
Female 6,288 14,104 18,542 20,497 19,966 18,997 12,092 110,486
Total 45,785 52,380 56,136 49,344 40,257 32,798 24,003 300,703
2015 (a) Male 34,151 34,209 33,464 27,032 18,655 13,010 12,267 172,788
Female 4,272 10,819 14,055 16,912 16,339 15,827 12,431 90,655
Total 38,423 45,028 47,519 43,944 34,994 28,837 24,698 263,443
Departures for all Occupations as a % of Total Departures
2014
Male 27.9 35.6 30.8 25.5 20.0 17.1 7.4 23.0
Female 7.1 27.4 33.5 37.8 37.6 38.0 9.2 22.8
Total 19.9 33.0 31.6 29.5 26.1 25.1 8.2 22.9
2015 (a) Male 23.8 31.7 26.8 23.1 17.7 15.4 7.0 20.1
Female 4.6 20.8 26.1 32.1 31.9 32.3 8.5 18.2
Total 16.2 28.2 26.6 25.9 22.4 21.6 7.7 19.4
(a) Provisional Sources : Sri Lanka Bureau of Foreign Employment

Department of Immigration & Emigration
25
Table 3.16
Departures for Foreign Employment by District, Province and Gender 2008 2015
Year / 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(a)

Province / District
Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female
Western 36,450 26,278 37,292 30,061 40,550 29,937 38,833 28,729 40,622 30,636 47,212 28,114 52,969 27,253 49,951 21,997
Colombo 17,835 12,238 17,568 12,987 18,834 12,761 18,150 12,837 19,036 13,316 22,365 12,493 23,925 11,731 22,504 8,935
Gampaha 12,504 8,806 13,156 10,433 14,391 11,104 13,707 10,292 14,212 10,952 15,903 9,782 18,892 9,802 17,735 8,309
Kalutara 6,111 5,234 6,568 6,641 7,325 6,072 6,976 5,600 7,374 6,368 8,944 5,839 10,152 5,720 9,712 4,753
Central 13,728 16,035 13,978 17,891 17,614 18,396 15,301 16,838 17,139 20,573 20,746 17,370 22,716 15,256 21,221 13,396
Kandy 9,817 9,126 10,119 10,615 13,213 11,988 11,010 10,415 12,344 11,781 15,923 12,421 17,595 11,355 16,642 10,037
Matale 2,557 3,802 2,611 4,012 2,979 3,808 2,689 3,437 2,976 3,809 3,986 3,878 4,396 3,478 3,898 2,850
Nuwara Eliya 1,354 3,107 1,248 3,264 1,422 2,600 1,602 2,986 1,819 4,983 837 1,071 725 423 681 509
Southern 9,905 9,999 9,476 12,009 11,622 12,097 11,201 11,049 12,148 12,264 12,192 9,173 14,424 8,611 14,113 7,357
Galle 5,250 5,288 5,408 6,637 6,201 6,681 6,195 6,233 6,720 6,938 6,828 5,174 7,968 4,986 7,786 4,310
Matara 2,842 2,578 2,604 3,020 3,222 2,812 3,029 2,515 3,251 2,818 3,014 2,015 3,782 1,899 3,917 1,612
Hambanthota 1,813 2,133 1,464 2,352 2,199 2,604 1,977 2,301 2,177 2,508 2,350 1,984 2,674 1,726 2,410 1,435
Northern 4,987 1,416 3,826 1,117 4,850 1,699 4,597 1,799 5,042 2,278 7,668 1,926 10,722 1,902 7,717 1,228
Jaffna 3,617 545 2,625 384 3,641 645 3,550 683 3,621 707 5,616 565 7,817 473 5,632 257
Kilinochchi 1 2 0 3 0 0 0 0 139 198 311 101 447 85 296 83
Mannar 419 221 293 179 370 267 324 299 484 355 625 375 835 366 666 382
Mullaitivu 134 40 129 30 111 28 123 49 88 72 25 15 11 0 14 0
26
Vavuniya 816 608 779 521 728 759 600 768 710 946 1,091 870 1,612 978 1,109 506
Eastern 17,027 8,638 19,895 9,060 23,466 11,385 26,404 12,676 31,042 14,885 37,302 12,097 43,232 13,250 37,034 9,798
Batticaloa 7,382 3,639 8,207 3,557 9,885 4,823 11,224 5,102 13,548 6,143 15,693 4,723 18,786 4,821 15,881 4,111
Ampara 7,460 2,172 8,970 2,432 10,352 2,748 11,284 3,066 12,677 3,538 15,618 2,989 17,442 2,950 15,501 3,090
Trincomalee 2,185 2,827 2,718 3,071 3,229 3,814 3,896 4,508 4,817 5,204 5,991 4,385 7,004 5,479 5,652 2,597
North Western 13,052 21,445 14,269 22,483 14,196 22,064 15,416 22,288 16,789 24,500 23,270 24,408 23,502 20,795 21,594 16,972
Kurunegala 8,030 14,584 8,575 14,981 7,893 13,965 9,335 15,103 9,635 15,821 12,798 14,992 14,206 13,791 13,238 11,261
Puttalam 5,022 6,861 5,694 7,502 6,303 8,099 6,081 7,185 7,154 8,679 10,472 9,416 9,296 7,004 8,356 5,711
North Central 4,975 10,910 4,823 11,348 5,719 12,740 5,751 11,772 6,197 13,168 5,620 8,647 9,262 11,732 8,107 9,129
Anuradhapura 3,447 7,713 3,142 7,946 3,615 8,874 3,623 8,219 3,781 8,682 2,849 4,767 6,074 7,850 5,382 6,312
Polonnaruwa 1,528 3,197 1,681 3,402 2,104 3,866 2,128 3,553 2,416 4,486 2,771 3,880 3,188 3,882 2,725 2,817
Uva 3,207 5,816 3,015 5,859 3,334 5,618 2,910 5,146 3,524 6,662 4,093 5,048 4,359 4,444 4,033 4,294
Badulla 2,384 4,698 2,162 4,644 2,342 4,474 2,127 4,159 2,664 5,372 3,059 4,026 3,105 3,444 2,899 3,482
Moneragala 823 1,118 853 1,215 992 1,144 783 987 860 1,290 1,034 1,022 1,254 1,000 1,134 812
Sabaragamuwa 7,171 9,298 7,531 11,420 8,239 10,549 7,958 9,799 8,326 11,015 8,127 7,490 9,030 7,239 8,839 6,285
Ratnapura 2,583 4,003 2,506 5,105 3,037 4,598 3,064 4,408 3,192 5,166 2,781 3,443 3,319 3,303 3,297 2,874
Kegalle 4,588 5,295 5,025 6,315 5,202 5,951 4,894 5,391 5,134 5,849 5,346 4,047 5,711 3,936 5,542 3,411
Not Indicated 17,730 12,432 5,276 6,497 7,260 6,172 7,936 6,558 3,306 2,331 8,955 3,760 1 4 179 199
Total 128,232 122,267 119,381 127,745 136,850 130,657 136,307 126,654 144,135 138,312 175,185 118,033 190,217 110,486 172,788 90,655
(a) Provisional Source : Sri Lanka Bureau of Foreign Employment

NATIONAL ACCOUNTS
Table 4.1
Summary of National Accounts 2010 2015(a)
Item 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014(b)(c) 2015(c)
Gross National Income (GNI), Rs. Mn.
GNI at Constant (2010) Prices 6,343,892 6,885,232 7,453,571 7,662,004 8,039,492 8,426,330
GNI at Current Market Prices 6,343,892 7,147,065 8,577,574 9,366,039 10,211,810 10,931,932

Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Rs. Mn.
GDP at Constant (2010) Prices 6,413,668 6,952,720 7,588,517 7,846,202 8,228,986 8,622,825
GDP at Current Market Prices 6,413,668 7,219,106 8,732,463 9,592,125 10,448,479 11,183,220
Real National Income at

Constant (2010) Prices (RNI), Rs. Mn. 6,343,892 6,787,254 7,342,055 7,590,973 8,011,380 8,423,894

Economic Growth Rates (In Real Terms), %
Growth of GDP 8.0 (d) 8.4 9.1 3.4 4.9 4.8

Growth of GNI 7.9 (d) 8.5 8.3 2.8 4.9 4.8
Growth of RNI 12.0 (d) 7.0 8.2 3.4 5.5 5.1

Per Capita Income, (Current Market Prices)
GDP Per Capita, Rs. 310,214 345,925 427,559 466,112 503,032 533,398
US $ 2,744 3,129 3,351 3,610 3,853 3,924
GNI Per Capita, Rs. 306,839 342,473 419,975 455,126 491,638 521,412
US $ 2,714 3,097 3,291 3,525 3,766 3,836

Expenditure (Current Market Prices), Rs. Mn.
Gross Domestic Expenditure 6,879,252 8,171,371 9,768,056 10,418,678 11,284,971 12,013,727

Consumption 4,932,545 5,762,798 6,357,545 7,229,352 7,943,796 8,652,180
Investment 1,946,707 2,408,573 3,410,511 3,189,326 3,341,174 3,361,546

Savings (Current Market Prices), Rs. Mn.
Domestic Savings 1,481,123 1,456,309 2,374,918 2,362,773 2,504,682 2,531,040

National Savings 1,825,232 1,897,484 2,908,642 2,865,365 3,081,142 3,113,250

Net Exports of Goods and Services
(Current Market Prices), Rs. Mn. -465,584 -952,265 -1,035,593 -826,553 -836,492 -830,507
Export of Goods and Services 1,254,021 1,508,565 1,730,467 1,949,158 2,185,039 2,295,423
Import of Goods and Services 1,719,605 2,460,830 2,766,060 2,775,711 3,021,530 3,125,930

Primary Income from Rest of the World (net)
(Current Prices), Rs. Mn. -69,776 -72,041 -154,889 -226,086 -236,669 (e) -251,288 (e)
(a) The data is based on the base year 2010 GDP estimates of the Sources : Department of Census and Statistics
Department of Census and Statistics Central Bank of Sri Lanka
(b) Revised
(c) Provisional
(d) Data is under the 2002 base year
(e) The difference with the BOP estimates is due to the time lag in compilation.
27
NATIONAL ACCOUNTS
Table 4.2
GDP, GNI and Deflators (Factor Cost Prices) 1970 2015
Gross Domestic Product Gross National Income

Adjusted Adjusted
Rs. Mn. Growth Rs. Mn. Growth GDP Rs. Mn. Growth Rs. Mn. Growth GNI GDP GNI
Year at Current Rate at Cons- Rate Deflator at Current Rate at Cons- Rate Deflator Deflator Deflator
Prices % tant Prices % Prices % tant Prices % (1959=100) (1959=100)
(a) (a) (b)
BASE YEAR 1970

1970 13,187 13,187 4.3 100.0 12,967 12,967 4.8 100.0 119.8 119.4
1971 13,674 3.7 13,209 0.2 103.5 13,486 4.0 13,034 0.5 103.5 124.1 123.6
1972 14,720 7.6 13,631 3.2 108.0 14,542 7.8 13,474 3.4 107.9 129.4 128.4
1973 17,920 21.7 14,138 3.7 126.8 17,737 22.0 14,016 4.0 126.3 151.9 151.1
1974 23,302 30.0 14,585 3.2 159.8 23,119 30.3 14,449 3.1 160.0 191.5 191.1
1975 25,691 10.3 14,987 2.8 171.4 25,478 10.2 14,837 2.7 171.7 205.4 205.1
1976 28,032 9.1 15,431 3.0 181.7 27,750 8.9 15,258 2.8 181.9 217.7 217.2
1977 34,684 23.7 16,078 4.2 215.7 34,432 24.1 15,934 4.4 216.1 258.5 258.1
1978 40,479 16.7 17,401 8.2 232.6 40,242 16.9 17,329 8.8 232.2 278.8 277.3
1979 49,782 23.0 18,501 6.3 269.1 49,542 23.1 18,430 6.4 268.8 322.5 321.0
1980 62,246 25.0 19,575 5.8 318.0 61,814 24.8 19,456 5.6 317.7 381.1 379.4
1981 79,337 27.5 20,706 5.8 383.2 77,625 25.6 20,257 4.1 383.2 459.2 457.7
1982 91,643 15.5 21,756 5.1 421.2 89,609 15.4 21,229 4.8 422.1 504.8 504.1
BASE YEAR 1982
1982 94,679 94,679 5.1 100.0 92,720 92,720 4.8 100.0 504.8 504.1
1983 113,878 20.3 99,375 5.0 114.6 110,664 19.4 96,439 4.0 114.8 578.5 579.5
1984 140,039 23.0 104,395 5.1 134.1 136,638 23.5 101,399 5.1 134.8 677.1 679.3
1985 148,321 5.9 109,570 5.0 135.4 144,921 6.1 106,741 5.3 135.8 683.4 684.5
1986 163,713 10.4 114,261 4.3 143.3 159,852 10.3 111,565 4.5 143.3 723.3 722.3
1987 177,731 8.6 115,922 1.5 153.3 173,395 8.5 113,307 1.6 153.0 774.0 771.5
1988 203,516 14.5 119,050 2.7 171.0 198,250 14.3 116,214 2.6 170.6 863.0 860.0
1989 228,138 12.1 121,729 2.3 187.4 222,399 12.2 118,874 2.3 187.1 946.1 943.2
1990 290,615 27.4 129,244 6.2 224.9 283,930 27.7 126,426 6.4 224.6 1,135.1 1,132.2
1991 337,399 16.1 135,204 4.6 249.6 330,032 16.2 132,214 4.6 249.6 1,259.7 1,258.4
1992 386,999 14.7 140,990 4.3 274.5 379,179 14.9 138,074 4.4 274.6 1,385.6 1,384.4
1993 453,092 17.1 150,783 6.9 300.5 447,113 17.9 148,744 7.7 300.6 1,516.9 1,515.3
1994 523,300 15.5 159,269 5.6 328.6 514,990 15.2 156,571 5.3 328.9 1,658.6 1,658.1
1995 598,327 14.3 167,953 5.5 356.2 591,369 14.8 165,897 6.0 356.5 1,798.3 1,797.0
1996 695,934 16.3 174,261 3.8 399.4 684,741 15.8 171,056 3.2 400.0 2,016.0 2,016.4
BASE YEAR 1996
1996 695,934 695,934 3.8 100.0 684,676 684,676 100.0 2,016.0 2,016.4
1997 803,698 15.5 739,763 6.3 108.6 794,289 16.0 730,947 6.8 108.7 2,189.4 2,191.1
1998 912,839 13.6 774,796 4.7 117.8 901,283 13.5 764,908 4.6 117.8 2,374.8 2,374.5
1999 994,730 9.0 808,340 4.3 123.0 976,899 8.4 794,340 3.8 123.1 2,481.7 2,482.7
2000 1,125,259 13.1 857,035 6.0 131.3 1,102,177 12.8 840,200 5.8 131.2 2,647.0 2,645.5
2001 1,245,599 10.7 843,794 -1.5 147.6 1,221,768 10.9 829,055 -1.3 147.4 2,975.6 2,972.2
BASE YEAR 2002
2002(c) 1,636,037 1,636,037 100.0 1,611,994 1,611,994 100.0 3,225.6 3,220.2
2003 1,822,468 11.4 1,733,222 5.9 105.1 1,805,933 12.0 1,717,497 6.5 105.1 3,391.7 3,386.0
2004 2,090,841 14.7 1,827,597 5.4 114.4 2,070,109 14.6 1,809,475 5.4 114.4 3,690.2 3,684.0
2005 2,452,782 17.3 1,941,671 6.2 126.3 2,422,733 17.0 1,917,884 6.0 126.3 4,074.7 4,067.9
2006 2,938,680 19.8 2,090,564 7.7 140.6 2,898,256 19.6 2,061,806 7.5 140.6 4,534.2 4,526.6
2007 3,578,688 21.8 2,232,656 6.8 160.3 3,539,634 22.1 2,208,291 7.1 160.3 5,170.2 5,161.6
2008 4,410,682 23.2 2,365,501 6.0 186.5 4,305,650 21.6 2,309,171 4.6 186.5 6,014.4 6,004.3
2009 4,835,293 9.6 2,449,214 3.5 197.4 4,779,498 11.0 2,420,952 4.8 197.4 6,368.0 6,357.4
BASE YEAR 2010
2010 6,413,668 6,413,668 100.0 6,343,892 6,343,892 100.0 6,832.8 6,821.4
2011 7,219,106 12.6 6,952,720 8.4 103.8 7,147,065 12.7 6,885,232 8.5 103.8 7,094.6 7,080.8
2012 8,732,463 21.0 7,588,517 9.1 115.1 8,577,574 20.0 7,453,571 8.3 115.1 7,862.9 7,850.1
2013 9,592,125 9.8 7,846,202 3.4 122.3 9,366,039 9.2 7,662,004 2.8 122.2 8,353.3 8,338.5
2014(d)(e) 10,448,479 8.9 8,228,986 4.9 127.0 10,211,810 9.0 8,039,492 4.9 127.0 8,675.8 8,664.6
2015(e) 11,183,220 7.0 8,622,825 4.8 129.7 10,931,932 7.1 8,426,330 4.8 129.7 8,861.7 8,849.8
Note : Base year 1959 series from 1960 to 1970 can be obtained from previous publications. Sources : Central Bank of Sri Lanka
(a) The continuous series on GDP and GNI (at 1996 Factor Cost Prices) for the period 19592002 are given Department of Census and Statistics
in Table 7 of the special statistical appendix of the Central Bank 2002 Annual Report.
(b) The continuous GDP deflator series (1996=100) are given in Table 2 of the special statistical appendix of
the Central Bank Annual Report.
(c) Figures from 2002 onwards are based on the estimates of constant prices of the Department of Census
and Statistics.
(d) Revised.
(e) Provisional. 28
NATIONAL ACCOUNTS
Table 4.3
Gross Domestic Product at Constant Prices 1970 2015(a)
Rs. Million
Agriculture, Mining Manu- Cons- Electri- Transport, Trade Banking, Owner- Public Services Gross
Forestry & factu- truction city Storage & Insurance ship Adminis- (n.e.s.) Domestic
Year & Quarry- ring Gas & Communi- & Real of tration & Product
Fishing ing Water cation Estate Dwellings Defence
Base Year 1970
1970 3,732 95 2,197 744 101 1,258 2,533 152 399 517 1,459 13,187
1971 3,642 96 2,279 708 90 1,219 2,456 166 407 548 1,598 13,209
1972 3,755 103 2,321 651 101 1,335 2,548 175 415 583 1,644 13,631
1973 3,725 472 2,266 665 107 1,354 2,607 182 419 641 1,700 14,138
1974 3,942 295 2,163 712 108 1,462 2,771 213 455 688 1,776 14,585
1975 3,847 395 2,263 649 117 1,497 2,886 276 463 729 1,865 14,987
1976 3,894 571 2,371 685 122 1,425 2,928 246 467 760 1,962 15,431
1977 4,299 515 2,357 619 131 1,498 2,999 295 475 791 2,099 16,078
1978 4,532 619 2,541 794 158 1,607 3,267 318 499 854 2,212 17,401
1979 4,622 652 2,659 960 190 1,716 3,551 350 518 905 2,378 18,501
1980 4,766 684 2,681 1,066 209 1,838 3,849 402 549 959 2,572 19,575
1981 5,097 713 2,820 1,034 234 1,957 4,034 462 579 997 2,779 20,706
1982 5,231 742 2,955 1,013 257 2,079 4,275 517 611 1,102 2,974 21,756
Base Year 1982
1982 24,964 2,238 13,601 7,959 1,089 10,666 19,694 3,715 3,250 2,899 4,604 94,679
1983 26,212 2,413 13,710 8,039 1,161 11,281 20,738 4,130 3,315 3,786 4,590 99,375
1984 26,113 2,449 15,390 8,030 1,239 12,437 22,029 4,526 3,381 4,165 4,636 104,395
1985 28,366 2,486 16,193 8,070 1,313 12,959 22,925 4,975 3,432 4,432 4,419 109,570
1986 29,106 2,615 17,558 8,191 1,406 13,377 23,821 5,174 3,497 5,274 4,242 114,261
1987 27,409 3,112 18,748 8,338 1,448 13,538 24,496 5,490 3,550 5,435 4,358 115,922
1988 27,984 3,392 19,622 8,463 1,499 13,619 25,164 5,819 3,603 5,462 4,423 119,050
1989 27,666 3,576 20,488 8,514 1,526 13,883 25,588 6,168 3,650 6,140 4,530 121,729
1990 30,011 3,901 22,427 8,761 1,681 14,410 26,497 6,556 3,705 6,355 4,940 129,244
1991 30,570 3,511 23,949 9,033 1,800 15,534 28,556 6,831 3,761 6,304 5,355 135,204
1992 30,090 3,300 26,059 9,765 1,897 16,606 30,074 7,241 3,795 6,449 5,714 140,990
1993 31,554 3,693 28,806 10,400 2,125 17,287 32,584 8,023 3,841 6,642 5,828 150,783
1994 32,593 3,915 31,418 11,024 2,335 17,823 34,667 8,785 3,887 6,848 5,974 159,269
1995 33,659 4,048 34,294 11,564 2,573 18,803 35,906 9,707 3,938 7,218 6,243 167,953
1996 32,109 4,408 36,539 11,957 2,522 20,213 37,765 10,687 3,989 7,579 6,493 174,261
Agri- Mining Manu- Cons- Electri- Transport, Wholesale Financial Public Gross
culture, & factu- truction city, Gas Storage& and Retail Services, Real Administration, Domestic
Year Forestry Quarry- ring & Commu- Trade, Estate and Other Govt. Product
& ing Water nication Hotels and Business Services
Fishing Resturants Services and Defence
Base Year 1996
1996 156,108 13,927 112,724 48,234 9,171 74,502 159,751 68,316 53,203 695,934
1997 160,753 14,460 122,929 50,842 9,918 81,074 170,148 73,951 55,698 739,763
1998 164,804 13,677 130,702 54,461 10,921 87,266 177,611 77,944 57,411 774,796
1999 172,238 14,238 136,498 57,075 11,958 94,303 179,940 81,259 60,851 808,340
2000 175,317 14,921 149,115 59,815 12,496 101,670 195,233 85,766 62,702 857,035
2001 169,377 15,019 142,909 61,292 12,130 105,497 181,733 91,457 64,381 843,795
2002 173,623 14,858 145,864 60,796 12,044 113,525 191,505 99,820 65,213 877,248
Agri- Mining Manu- Cons- Electri- Transport Whole- Hotels Banking, Owner- Govern- Private Gross
culture, & factu- truction city, & sale & Insu- ship of ment Services Domestic
Year Forestry Quarry- ring Gas Commu- & Restau- rence & Dwell- Services Product
& ing & nication Retail rants Real ings
Fishing Water Trade Estate
Base Year 2002 (b)
2002 233,615 19,888 302,365 100,404 35,608 173,745 389,332 3,460 130,465 68,371 139,094 39,691 1,636,037
2003 237,531 23,156 314,204 104,136 38,151 191,872 420,478 8,802 144,816 69,252 140,234 40,592 1,733,222
2004 237,536 24,439 330,459 110,259 40,445 210,495 451,633 10,691 153,143 70,008 146,030 42,460 1,827,597
2005 241,851 28,791 350,886 120,196 46,108 230,597 480,402 9,186 163,863 70,749 153,866 45,177 1,941,671
2006 257,147 35,769 370,355 131,248 52,926 259,546 514,511 9,411 177,817 71,533 161,611 48,689 2,090,564
2007 265,870 42,631 394,233 142,996 55,339 286,764 546,145 9,199 193,375 72,345 171,259 52,500 2,232,656
2008 285,897 48,090 413,681 154,173 56,847 310,029 571,911 8,741 206,048 73,137 181,051 55,896 2,365,501
2009 295,097 52,030 427,334 162,790 58,974 329,578 570,698 9,901 217,819 74,051 191,778 59,164 2,449,214
2010 315,610 60,079 458,660 177,912 63,682 368,643 613,358 13,845 234,255 74,692 202,187 62,617 2,645,542
Agri- Mining Manu- Cons- Electri- Transpor- Whole- Accom- Financial Real Informa- Public Profes- Gross
culture, & factu- truction city, tation, sale modation Services, Estate tion Adminis- sional & Domestic
Year Forestry Quarry- ring Gas, Storage, & Insurance including & tration, Other Product
& ing Water & Postal & Retail & rence & Commu- Defence, Personal
Fishing Sewerage Courier Trade Reinsu- Ownership nication Education Services
Activities rance of & Human
Dwelling Health
Base Year 2010 (b)
2010 544,914 124,926 1,157,975 336,381 89,584 666,220 705,778 87,693 342,763 307,112 31,650 658,950 704,156 6,413,668
2011 569,954 148,100 1,198,135 424,798 95,914 749,959 788,048 105,372 382,274 328,076 33,813 659,260 770,353 6,952,720
2012 592,443 184,468 1,235,988 514,757 100,388 809,833 848,686 134,160 433,714 369,719 36,674 726,619 886,056 7,588,517
2013 611,676 198,447 1,263,921 553,438 103,274 853,903 859,977 126,392 456,863 417,024 39,510 686,499 965,476 7,846,202
2014(c)(d)
641,493 202,905 1,292,994 590,111 108,157 883,889 898,864 131,484 500,948 444,142 44,102 723,943 1,007,434 8,228,986
2015(d) 676,899 201,036 1,354,083 584,999 119,105 932,108 940,814 129,732 575,071 486,686 49,613 746,852 1,020,397 8,622,825
(a) The continuous series on GDP (at 1996 Factor Cost Prices) for the period 19592002 are Sources : Central Bank of Sri Lanka
given in Table 7 of the special statistical appendix of the Central Bank 2002 Annual Report. Department of Census and Statistics
(b) Figures from 2002 onwards are constant prices based on the estimates of
the Department of Census and Statistics.
(c) Revised. (d) Provisional. 29
NATIONAL ACCOUNTS
Table 4.4
Gross Domestic Product at Current Prices 1970 2015
Rs. Million
Agriculture, Mining Manu Cons- Electri- Transport, Trade Banking, Owner- Public Services Gross
Year Forestry & factu- truction city Storage & Insurance ship Adminis- (n.e.s.) Domestic
& Quarry- ring Gas & Communi- & Real of tration & Product
Fishing ing Water cation Estate Dwellings Defence
Base Year 1970

1970 3,732 95 2,197 744 101 1,258 2,533 152 399 517 1,459 13,187
1971 3,705 112 2,399 751 113 1,270 3,076 166 407 550 1,549 13,674
1972 3,878 129 2,592 711 130 1,405 2,652 191 414 575 1,619 14,720
1973 4,892 489 3,122 802 136 1,596 3,806 220 421 654 1,782 17,920
1974 7,728 334 4,342 1,011 154 1,853 4,443 302 456 704 1,976 23,303
1975 7,798 450 5,158 1,018 164 2,079 4,975 336 639 798 2,276 25,691
1976 8,133 639 5,620 1,164 171 2,286 5,456 419 726 948 2,470 28,032
1977 10,644 595 8,023 1,133 194 2,723 6,239 542 832 1,177 2,582 34,684
1978 12,332 732 8,094 1,965 239 2,994 7,536 845 969 1,516 3,257 40,479
1979 13,412 947 9,484 3,218 398 4,744 9,435 1,243 1,293 1,664 3,944 49,782
1980 17,151 1,249 11,048 5,552 601 5,293 10,898 1,785 1,457 1,965 5,247 62,246
1981 21,977 1,514 12,883 7,001 808 7,307 14,197 2,463 1,768 2,350 7,069 79,337
1982 25,157 1,734 14,134 7,959 1,244 8,536 16,059 3,192 2,052 2,878 8,698 91,643
Base Year 1982
1982 24,964 2,238 13,601 7,959 1,089 10,666 19,694 3,715 3,250 2,899 4,604 94,679
1983 32,180 2,799 15,958 9,807 1,428 12,554 21,759 4,183 3,696 4,100 5,414 113,878
1984 40,138 3,153 20,890 11,180 1,633 15,499 27,192 4,731 3,958 5,322 6,343 140,039
1985 41,069 3,328 21,849 11,640 2,042 16,554 29,261 5,693 4,162 6,376 6,347 148,321
1986 44,355 4,155 24,869 12,272 2,252 17,911 31,808 6,840 4,578 7,945 6,728 163,713
1987 47,923 4,927 28,470 13,020 2,346 18,663 34,520 7,455 4,904 8,501 7,002 177,731
1988 53,600 5,567 31,298 14,943 2,492 21,988 40,578 9,002 5,250 11,050 7,748 203,516
1989 58,462 5,980 34,941 17,332 2,788 23,109 46,625 10,496 5,850 13,600 8,955 228,138
1990 76,488 7,098 43,264 21,541 3,652 28,655 61,812 13,225 7,138 15,840 11,902 290,615
1991 90,257 7,204 49,816 24,535 4,729 32,896 71,556 16,399 8,130 17,630 14,247 337,399
1992 100,080 6,757 59,346 28,485 4,630 38,587 83,904 20,827 9,146 18,141 17,096 386,999
1993 111,659 8,446 68,881 32,615 6,065 45,533 99,736 27,804 10,344 22,622 19,387 453,092
1994 124,370 10,473 80,482 38,323 7,727 52,591 115,021 35,617 11,513 25,314 21,869 523,300
1995 137,678 11,510 94,098 44,455 8,701 59,217 131,449 43,346 12,572 31,136 24,165 598,327
1996 156,108 13,927 112,724 48,234 9,171 73,784 155,316 49,675 14,232 35,215 27,548 695,934
Agri- Mining Manu- Cons- Electri- Transport, Wholesale Financial Public Gross
culture, & factu- truction city, Gas Storage & and Retail Services, Real Administration, Domestic
Year Forestry Quarry- ring & Commu- Trade, Estate and Other Govt. Product
& ing Water nication Hotels and Business Services
Fishing Resturants Services and Defence
Base Year 1996
1996 156,108 13,927 112,724 48,234 9,171 74,501 159,750 68,316 53,203 695,934
1997 175,774 16,587 131,876 56,434 11,280 87,192 182,518 80,709 61,328 803,698
1998 192,665 17,433 151,007 69,301 13,660 102,606 202,249 92,943 70,975 912,839
1999 205,599 18,322 163,103 75,538 14,425 114,978 218,293 106,819 77,653 994,730
2000 223,926 21,547 189,331 82,684 13,415 132,990 261,238 114,417 85,711 1,125,259
2001 249,790 23,959 198,721 95,057 16,127 151,983 269,922 138,140 101,898 1,245,599
Agri- Mining Manu- Cons- Electri- Transport Whole- Hotels Banking, Owener- Govern- Private Gross
culture, & factu- truction city, & sale & Insurance ship ment Services Domestic
Year Forestry Quarry- ring Gas & Communi- & Restau- & of Services Product
& ing Water cation Retail rants Real Dwelling
Fishing Trade Estate
Base Year 2002 (a)
2002 233,615 19,888 302,365 100,404 35,608 173,745 389,332 3,460 130,465 68,371 139,094 39,691 1,636,037
2003 241,122 25,523 338,832 110,111 43,562 200,702 441,950 9,277 153,869 73,033 142,793 41,693 1,822,468
2004 262,271 30,129 391,421 127,692 49,116 240,307 513,498 11,763 178,119 77,676 163,474 45,375 2,090,841
2005 289,906 35,932 478,611 167,999 57,908 287,491 569,255 14,218 205,322 88,759 206,497 50,886 2,452,782
2006 333,137 46,202 564,987 216,833 72,457 344,909 659,597 16,646 266,972 103,201 257,837 55,902 2,938,680
2007 418,104 56,645 661,983 264,104 88,005 423,820 790,628 18,367 328,158 126,212 333,758 68,905 3,578,688
2008 590,114 71,768 791,898 327,138 104,666 530,980 949,372 20,611 413,322 141,794 380,765 88,255 4,410,682
2009 613,694 79,204 875,562 366,248 113,687 599,934 948,425 24,988 499,304 161,485 445,543 107,219 4,835,293
2010 717,910 89,226 1,009,003 423,414 127,625 709,400 1,096,961 33,213 597,540 171,871 500,547 127,393 5,604,104
Agri- Mining Manu- Cons- Electri- Transpor- Whole- Accom- Financial Real Informa- Public Profes- Gross
culture, & factu- truction city, tation, sale modation Services, Estate tion Adminis- sional Domestic
Year Forestry Quarry- ring Gas, Storage, & Insurance including & tration, Services & Product
& ing Water & Postal & Retail & Ownership Commu- Defence, Other
Fishing Sewerage Courier Trade Reinsu- of nication Education Personal
Activities rance Dwelling & Human Services
Health
Base Year 2010 (a)
2010 544,914 124,926 1,157,975 336,381 89,584 666,220 705,778 87,693 342,763 307,112 31,650 658,950 704,156 6,413,668
2011 637,567 153,772 1,330,067 451,714 85,484 788,335 846,106 112,442 283,544 350,090 37,819 740,119 822,044 7,219,106
2012 650,510 213,318 1,697,818 621,140 98,489 1,061,994 975,056 154,007 361,537 424,415 45,560 818,584 1,017,139 8,732,463
2013 735,382 245,382 1,723,093 715,455 113,398 1,167,529 1,047,793 155,197 390,522 512,063 58,085 889,849 1,185,506 9,592,125
2014(b)(c)
833,889 254,640 1,841,228 786,393 103,938 1,293,167 1,135,949 166,613 441,692 562,804 61,849 985,763 1,276,595 10,448,479
2015(c) 901,579 262,231 2,027,244 823,519 77,012 1,306,178 1,203,367 165,878 476,358 622,286 77,402 1,139,703 1,304,682 11,183,220
(a) Figures from 2002 onwards are based on the estimates of 30 Sources : Central Bank of Sri Lanka
the Department of Census and Statistics. Department of Census and Statistics
(b) Revised (c) Provisional.
NATIONAL ACCOUNTS
Table 4.5
Gross Domestic Product by Industrial Origin at Constant (2010) Prices of
Major Economic Activities 2010 - 2015(a) Rs. Million
Sector 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014(b)(c)

2015(c)
Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing 544,914 569,954 592,443 611,676 641,493 676,899
Growing of Cereals (except Rice) 10,548 10,593 12,521 14,307 14,927 15,077
Growing of Rice 60,086 70,205 62,289 65,607 61,022 75,219
Growing of Vegetables 47,704 52,349 51,244 54,153 55,307 69,060
Growing of Sugar Cane, Tobacco and Other Non-Perennial Crops 2,442 2,142 2,254 2,441 2,286 1,954
Growing of Fruits 36,610 37,791 38,248 37,385 40,889 47,629
Growing of Oleaginous Fruits (Coconut, King Coconut, Oil Palm) 60,231 57,110 62,201 53,424 64,159 67,439
Growing of Tea (Green Leaves) 72,208 71,769 72,100 74,734 73,946 72,027
Growing of Other Beverage Crops (Coffee, Cocoa etc.) 1,295 1,287 1,319 1,321 1,538 1,259
Growing of Spices, Aromatic, Drug and Pharmaceutical Crops 28,468 28,147 44,426 50,833 57,509 58,278
Growing of Rubber 44,411 45,956 44,249 37,987 28,689 25,777
Growing of Other Perennial Crops 14,496 14,666 15,167 14,344 15,392 15,829
Animal Production 27,230 26,359 29,511 36,599 47,954 51,782
Plant Propagation and Support Activities to Agriculture 8,533 8,436 9,105 9,183 9,767 9,781
Forestry and Logging 43,339 42,505 38,188 43,044 47,451 48,333
Marine Fishing and Marine Aquaculture 77,579 89,575 97,063 103,879 106,585 104,952
Fresh Water Fishing and Fresh Water Aquaculture 9,737 11,065 12,560 12,435 14,072 12,501

Industries 1,708,867 1,866,947 2,035,601 2,119,080 2,194,167 2,259,223
Mining and Quarrying 124,926 148,100 184,468 198,447 202,905 201,036
Manufacture of Food, Beverages & Tobacco Products 433,769 487,943 507,121 507,127 513,895 542,573
Manufacture of Textiles, Wearing Apparel and
Leather Related Products 264,905 238,254 244,496 264,527 276,653 276,710
Manufacture of Wood and of Products of Wood and Cork,
except Furniture 26,318 31,521 23,472 25,258 23,141 24,780
Manufacture of Paper Products, Printing and Reproduction of
Media Products 26,094 27,605 24,738 24,925 24,970 27,326
Manufacture of Coke and Refined Petroleum Products 22,281 35,457 28,858 27,514 28,723 29,075
Manufacture of Chemical Products and Basic Pharmaceutical
Products 69,450 67,644 75,582 81,982 82,244 85,101
Manufacture of Rubber and Plastic Products 63,257 75,656 83,307 82,187 71,914 75,296
Manufacture of Other Non-Metallic Mineral Products 79,267 86,204 87,090 81,037 78,678 76,503
Manufacture of Basic Metals and Fabricated Metal Products 31,665 26,295 24,591 26,589 24,883 29,112
Manufacture of Machinery and Equipment 35,909 33,650 30,849 30,845 32,064 37,574
Manufacture of Furniture 56,402 53,352 63,922 67,488 82,752 88,269
Other Manufacturing and Repair and Installation of Machinery
and Equipment 48,660 34,555 41,962 44,443 53,077 61,763
Electricity, Gas, Steam and Air Conditioning Supply 68,491 73,927 75,262 76,789 79,296 85,446
Water Collection, Treatment and Supply 9,381 9,846 10,554 10,975 11,505 12,000
Sewerage, Waste, Treatment and Disposal Activities 11,712 12,141 14,572 15,511 17,355 21,659
Construction 336,381 424,798 514,757 553,438 590,111 584,999

Services 3,504,323 3,817,155 4,245,461 4,405,644 4,634,805 4,881,273
Wholesale and Retail Trade 705,778 788,048 848,686 859,977 898,864 940,814
Transportation of Goods and Passengers including Warehousing 662,153 745,891 805,391 849,539 879,833 928,279
Postal and Courier Activities 4,066 4,068 4,441 4,364 4,056 3,830
Accommodation, Food and Beverage Service Activities 87,693 105,372 134,160 126,392 131,484 129,732
Programming and Broadcasting Activities and 2,526 2,178 2,252 2,422 2,513 2,651
Audio Video Productions
Telecommunication 22,931 24,420 26,450 27,395 30,989 34,128
IT Programming Consultancy and Related Activities 6,194 7,216 7,972 9,693 10,599 12,834
Financial Service Activities and Auxiliary Financial Services 274,933 314,678 364,688 386,009 425,965 493,124
Insurance, Reinsurance and Pension Funding 67,830 67,596 69,026 70,854 74,983 81,948
Real Estate Activities, including Ownership of Dwelling 307,112 328,076 369,719 417,024 444,142 486,686
Professional Services 112,062 127,358 155,741 161,963 166,489 154,698
Public Administration and Defense; Compulsory Social Security 383,823 367,093 385,615 382,470 402,206 430,098
Education 138,553 136,172 167,107 157,477 173,762 160,702
Human Health Activities, Residential Care and Social Work Activities 136,574 155,994 173,898 146,551 147,975 156,052
Other Personal Service Activities 592,095 642,995 730,316 803,514 840,946 865,698

Equals Gross Value Added (GVA) at Basic Price 5,758,104 6,254,056 6,873,506 7,136,401 7,470,465 7,817,394
Taxes less Subsidies on Products 655,564 698,664 715,011 709,801 758,521 805,431
Equals Gross Domestic Product (GDP) at Market Price 6,413,668 6,952,720 7,588,517 7,846,202 8,228,986 8,622,825
Net Primary Income from Rest of the World -69,776 -67,488 -134,946 -184,198 -189,495 -196,496
Gross National Income at Market Price 6,343,892 6,885,232 7,453,571 7,662,004 8,039,492 8,426,330
(a) The data is based on the base year 2010 GDP estimates of Source : Department of Census and Statistics
(b) Revised
(c) Provisional
31
NATIONAL ACCOUNTS
Table 4.6
Gross Domestic Product by Industrial Origin at Current Prices of
Major Economic Activities 2010 - 2015(a) Rs. Million
Sector 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014(b)(c)

2015(c)
Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing 544,914 637,567 650,510 735,382 833,889 901,579
Growing of Cereals (except Rice) 10,548 11,811 14,196 17,592 18,436 20,436
Growing of Rice 60,086 68,034 61,921 66,851 104,723 119,254
Growing of Vegetables 47,704 58,512 58,219 69,065 72,651 90,938
Growing of Sugar Cane, Tobacco and Other Non-Perennial Crops 2,442 2,319 2,623 3,263 3,431 2,859
Growing of Fruits 36,610 38,452 40,185 44,839 45,697 59,723
Growing of Oleaginous Fruits (Coconut, King Coconut, Oil Palm) 60,231 70,123 59,795 74,654 79,821 91,863
Growing of Other Beverage Crops (Coffee, Cocoa etc.) 1,295 1,388 1,488 1,263 1,622 1,366
Growing of Spices, Aromatic, Drug and Pharmaceutical Crops 28,468 42,400 48,960 49,507 75,740 82,876
Growing of Rubber 44,411 66,722 46,938 31,493 17,438 14,045
Growing of Other Perennial Crops 14,496 16,277 18,474 19,251 22,623 26,773
Animal Production 27,230 27,320 28,956 40,334 57,289 66,863
Plant Propagation and Support Activities to Agriculture 8,533 8,920 10,504 11,166 12,110 11,979
Forestry and Logging 43,339 46,681 51,152 64,072 71,767 75,545
Fresh Water Fishing and Fresh Water Aquaculture 9,737 11,916 13,244 13,460 16,043 15,303

Industries 1,708,867 2,021,037 2,630,766 2,797,328 2,986,199 3,190,006
Mining and Quarrying 124,926 153,772 213,318 245,382 254,640 262,231
Manufacture of Food, Beverages & Tobacco Products 433,769 604,367 798,849 801,748 969,402 1,099,149
Manufacture of Textiles, Wearing Apparel and
Leather Related Products 264,905 289,134 346,377 365,685 379,633 384,746
Manufacture of Wood and of Products of Wood and Cork,
except Furniture 26,318 28,203 23,397 27,365 30,313 32,544
Manufacture of Paper Products, Printing and Reproduction of
Media Products 26,094 28,325 26,989 28,261 21,294 22,530
Manufacture of Coke and Refined Petroleum Products 22,281 5,872 40,339 66,064 11,869 33,909
Manufacture of Chemical Products and Basic Pharmaceutical Products 69,450 41,293 54,254 62,740 83,855 87,789
Manufacture of Rubber and Plastic Products 63,257 66,871 85,188 74,995 69,071 73,639
Manufacture of Other Non-Metallic Mineral Products 79,267 102,811 143,788 124,831 116,002 123,040
Manufacture of Basic Metals and Fabricated Metal Products 31,665 29,705 32,086 34,300 35,014 39,162
Manufacture of Machinery and Equipment 35,909 34,119 33,735 34,584 21,694 22,973
Manufacture of Furniture 56,402 56,841 59,516 57,966 59,805 60,172
Other Manufacturing and Repair and Installation of Machinery
and Equipment 48,660 42,526 53,300 44,553 43,278 47,592
Electricity, Gas, Steam and Air Conditioning Supply 68,491 67,665 78,833 90,539 76,370 45,620
Water Collection, Treatment and Supply 9,381 8,367 9,413 11,189 14,427 14,939
Sewerage, Waste, Treatment and Disposal Activities 11,712 9,452 10,244 11,671 13,140 16,453
Construction 336,381 451,714 621,140 715,455 786,393 823,519

Services 3,504,323 3,980,500 4,858,292 5,406,544 5,924,433 6,295,853
Wholesale and Retail Trade 705,778 846,106 975,056 1,047,793 1,135,949 1,203,367
Transportation of Goods and Passengers including Warehousing 662,153 784,011 1,057,477 1,162,834 1,288,346 1,301,177
Postal and Courier Activities 4,066 4,324 4,517 4,695 4,822 5,001
Accommodation, Food and Beverage Service Activities 87,693 112,442 154,007 155,197 166,613 165,878
Programming and Broadcasting Activities and
Audio Video Productions 2,526 2,895 3,151 4,198 3,680 4,461
Telecommunication 22,931 27,224 33,257 41,986 44,738 56,531
IT Programming Consultancy and Related Activities 6,194 7,700 9,151 11,902 13,431 16,409
Financial Service Activities and Auxiliary Financial Services 274,933 223,467 282,003 308,810 348,748 374,133
Insurance, Reinsurance and Pension Funding 67,830 60,077 79,534 81,712 92,945 102,225
Real Estate Activities, including Ownership of Dwelling 307,112 350,090 424,415 512,063 562,804 622,286
Professional Services 112,062 135,904 178,781 198,873 210,970 197,800
Public Administration and Defense; Compulsory Social Security 383,823 422,494 455,798 501,755 563,281 637,465
Education 138,553 148,184 171,532 189,298 212,162 251,473
Human Health Activities, Residential Care and Social Work Activities 136,574 169,441 191,255 198,796 210,321 250,765
Other Personal Service Activities 592,095 686,140 838,358 986,633 1,065,625 1,106,882

Equals Gross Value Added (GVA) at Basic Price 5,758,104 6,639,104 8,139,568 8,939,254 9,744,522 10,387,438
Taxes less Subsidies on Products 655,564 580,002 592,895 652,871 703,957 795,782
Equals Gross Domestic Product (GDP) at Market Price 6,413,668 7,219,106 8,732,463 9,592,125 10,448,479 11,183,220
Net Primary Income from Rest of the World -69,776 -72,041 -154,889 -226,086 -236,669(d) -251,288(d)
Gross National Income at Market Price 6,343,892 7,147,065 8,577,574 9,366,039 10,211,810 10,931,932
(b) Revised
(c) Provisional
(d) The difference with the BOP estimates is due to the time lag in compilation.
32
NATIONAL ACCOUNTS
Table 4.7
Composition of Gross Domestic Product at Current Prices (2010 2015)(a)
Rupees Million Growth Rates (%)

Item
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014(b)(c) 2015(c) 2011
2012
2013
2014(b)(c) 2015(c)
Gross Domestic Product 6,413,668 7,219,106 8,732,463 9,592,125 10,448,479 11,183,220 12.6 21.0 9.8 8.9 7.0
Agriculture, Forestry & Fishing 544,914 637,567 650,510 735,382 833,889 901,579 17.0 2.0 13.0 13.4 8.1
Mining & Quarrying 124,926 153,772 213,318 245,382 254,640 262,231 23.1 38.7 15.0 3.8 3.0
Manufacturing
1,157,975 1,330,067 1,697,818 1,723,093 1,841,228 2,027,244 14.9 27.6 1.5 6.9 10.1
Construction 336,381 451,714 621,140 715,455 786,393 823,519 34.3 37.5 15.2 9.9 4.7
Electricity, Gas, Water and Sewerage 89,584 85,484 98,489 113,398 103,938 77,012 -4.6 15.2 15.1 -8.3
-25.9
Transportation & Storage, Postal & Courier
Activities 666,220 788,335 1,061,994 1,167,529 1,293,167 1,306,178 18.3 34.7 9.9 10.8 1.0
Wholesale & Retail Trade 705,778 846,106 975,056 1,047,793 1,135,949 1,203,367 19.9 15.2 7.5 8.4 5.9
Accomadation 87,693 112,442 154,007 155,197 166,613 165,878 28.2 37.0 0.8 7.4 -0.4
Financial Services, Insurance & Reinsurance 342,763 283,544 361,537 390,522 441,692 476,358 -17.3 27.5 8.0 13.1 7.8
Real Estate including Ownership of Dwellings 307,112 350,090 424,415 512,063 562,804 622,286 14.0 21.2 20.7 9.9 10.6
Information & Communication 31,650 37,819 45,560 58,085 61,849 77,402 19.5 20.5 27.5 6.5 25.1
Public Administration, Defence, Education &
Human Health 658,950 740,119 818,584 889,849 985,763 1,139,703 12.3 10.6 8.7 10.8 15.6
Professional & Other Personal Services 704,156 822,044 1,017,139 1,185,506 1,276,595 1,304,682 16.7 23.7 16.6 7.7 2.2
Taxes less Subsidies on Products 655,564 580,002 592,895 652,871 703,957 795,782 -11.5 2.2 10.1 7.8 13.0

Gross Domestic Product by
Expenditure 6,413,668 7,219,106 8,732,463 9,592,125 10,448,479 11,183,220 12.6 21.0 9.8 8.9 7.0
Consumption
4,932,545 5,762,798 6,357,545 7,229,352 7,943,796 8,652,180 16.8 10.3 13.7 9.9 8.9
Government 542,330 617,918 665,831 745,684 869,138 985,815 13.9 7.8 12.0 16.6 13.4
Private
4,390,215 5,144,879 5,691,714 6,483,669 7,074,658 7,666,365 17.2 10.6 13.9 9.1 8.4
Gross Domestic Capital Formation

1,946,707 2,408,573 3,410,511 3,189,326 3,341,174 3,361,546 23.7 41.6 -6.5 4.8 0.6

Net Export of Goods and Services -465,584 -952,265 -1,035,593 -826,553 -836,492 -830,507 -104.5 -8.8 20.2 -1.2 0.7
Export of Goods and Services
1,254,021 1,508,565 1,730,467 1,949,158 2,185,039 2,295,423 20.3 14.7 12.6 12.1 5.1
Import of Goods and Services
1,719,605 2,460,830 2,766,060 2,775,711 3,021,530 3,125,930 43.1 12.4 0.3 8.9 3.5
(b) Revised
(c) Provisional
Consumption, Investment and National Savings (Current Prices)
80
60
Percentage of GDP
40
20
0
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Consumption Investment National Savings
33
NATIONAL ACCOUNTS
Table 4.8
Investment and Savings (Current Prices) 2012 2015(a)
Rs. Million
Item 2012 2013 2014(b) 2015(b)
Gross Domestic Product (GDP) 8,732,463 9,592,125 10,448,479 (c) 11,183,220

Consumption 6,357,545 7,229,352 7,943,796 8,652,180
Investment 3,410,511 3,189,326 3,341,174 3,361,546
Net Export of Goods & Services -1,035,593 -826,553 -836,492 -830,507
Domestic Savings (GDP Consumption) 2,374,918 2,362,773 2,504,682 2,531,040
Net Primary Income from Rest of the World -154,889 -226,086 -236,669 (d) -251,288 (d)
Net Current Transfers from Rest of the World 688,613 728,678 813,128 833,498
National Savings 2,908,642 2,865,365 3,081,142 3,113,250
National Savings Investment Gap -501,869 -323,961 -260,032 -248,297
Financing the Gap -501,869 -323,961 -259,436 -274,562

Capital Transfers 16,951 9,188 7,684 6,256
Financial Account -525,889 -388,700 -200,261 -338,617
Financial Account Assets 186,309 135,293 338,335 126,579
Direct Investment -8,157 -8,399 8,725 7,236
Portfolio Investment -1,295 -29 -29 3
Other Investment 47,384 -24,531 127,197 77,021
Reserve Assets 132,063 151,454 202,442 42,319
Financial Account Liabilities 712,198 523,993 538,595 465,195
Direct Investment 119,813 120,817 116,721 93,681
Portfolio Investment 272,691 265,723 269,768 102,286
Other Investment 319,695 137,452 152,107 269,228
Errors and Omissions -40,971 -73,927 51,492 -70,311
Per cent of GDP

Investment 39.1 33.2 32.0 30.1
Domestic Savings 27.2 24.6 24.0 22.6
National Savings 33.3 29.9 29.5 27.8
Savings-Investment Gap -5.7 -3.4 -2.5 -2.2
(b) Provisional
(c) Revised
(d) The difference with the BOP estimates is due to the time lag in compilation. Table 4.9
Quarterly Estimates of GDP [at Constant (2010) Prices](a)
2014 (b)(c) 2015 (c)

Sector
1st Qtr 2nd Qtr 3rd Qtr 4th Qtr 1st Qtr (b) 2nd Qtr (b) 3rd Qtr (b) 4th Qtr
Rs. Million
Agriculture 154,469 154,294 153,752 178,979 163,535 170,294 165,043 178,027
Industry 590,054 490,317 555,020 558,777 598,180 509,644 581,949 569,449
Services 1,065,190 1,153,370 1,176,988 1,239,258 1,122,362 1,233,116 1,253,445 1,272,350
Gross Domestic Product (GDP) 1,894,675 1,940,727 2,064,996 2,328,588 1,978,609 2,075,805 2,181,275 2,387,136
Gross National Income (GNI) 1,843,797 1,905,069 2,013,297 2,277,329 1,919,439 2,033,178 2,126,359 2,347,354
Growth, %
Agriculture 7.3 4.1 3.2 5.0 5.9 10.4 7.3 -0.5
Industry -1.5 -2.8 7.8 11.7 1.4 3.9 4.9 1.9
Services 1.9 4.0 3.0 11.7 5.4 6.9 6.5 2.7
Gross Domestic Product (GDP) 1.3 2.2 5.0 10.3 4.4 7.0 5.6 2.5
Gross National Income (GNI) 1.4 2.0 4.8 10.8 4.1 6.7 5.6 3.1
(a) The data is based on the base year 2010 GDP estimates of Source : Deparatment of Census and Statistics
(b) Revised
(c) Provisional
34
NATIONAL ACCOUNTS
Table 4.10
Aggregate Demand(a)
Current Prices (Rs. Mn.) Constant (2010) Prices (Rs. Mn.)

Item
2013 2014 (b) 2015 (b) 2013 2014 (b) 2015 (b)
A. Domestic Demand
Consumption 7,229,352 7,943,796 8,652,180 5,881,197 6,216,685 6,645,913
(% Change) 13.7 9.9 8.9 7.0 5.7 6.9

Gross Domestic Capital Formation 3,189,326 3,341,174 3,361,546 2,597,115 2,782,904 2,920,219
(% Change) -6.5 4.8 0.6 -8.8 7.2 4.9

Total Domestic Demand 10,418,678 11,284,971 12,013,727 8,478,312 8,999,589 9,566,132
(% Change) 6.7 8.3 6.5 1.6 6.1 6.3

B. External Demand
Exports of Goods and Services 1,949,158 2,185,039 2,295,423 1,470,967 1,533,668 1,605,147
(% Change) 12.6 12.1 5.1 6.6 4.3 4.7

Imports of Goods and Services 2,775,711 3,021,530 3,125,930 2,103,077 2,304,271 2,548,455
(% Change) 0.3 8.9 3.5 -1.5 9.6 10.6

Net External Demand -826,553 -836,492 -830,507 -632,110 -770,603 -943,307
(% Change) 20.2 -1.2 0.7 16.4 -21.9 -22.4

C. Total Demand 9,592,125 10,448,479 11,183,220 7,846,202 8,228,986 8,622,825
(% Change) 9.8 8.9 7.0 3.4 4.9 4.8
(a) The data is based on the base year 2010 GDP estimates of the Sources : Department of Census and Statistics
Department of Census and Statistics. Central Bank of Sri Lanka
(b) Provisional
Composition of Expenditure (Constant Prices)
10,000,000
Growth in Total Demand (%)
5.0
4.0
Rs. Million
6,000,000
3.0
2.0
2,000,000
1.0
-2,000,000 2013 2014 2015
Domestic Demand External Demand

Total Demand GDP Growth
35
NATIONAL ACCOUNTS
Table 4.11
Provincial Gross Domestic Product by Industrial Origin at Current Prices 2009 2014
Year \ Western Central Southern Northern Eastern North North Uva Sabara- Total
Province Western Central gamuwa
GDP (Rs. Mn.)

2009 2,216,346 473,416 509,053 155,828 279,363 466,041 221,294 219,293 294,659 4,835,293
2010 2,512,908 562,744 598,976 189,740 333,969 534,831 266,954 253,177 350,806 5,604,104
2011 2,894,428 644,332 718,768 242,512 379,184 655,182 305,975 297,335 405,596 6,543,313
2012 3,243,854 775,580 834,287 277,828 478,401 760,148 379,243 361,975 467,238 7,578,554
2013 (a) 4,078,402 1,005,052 1,001,254 338,799 562,090 1,006,437 480,967 471,002 648,122 9,592,125
2014 (a)(b) 4,346,682 1,089,048 1,136,458 374,403 622,759 1,122,258 535,476 521,699 699,695 10,448,479
GDP Shares (Percentage)
2009 45.8 9.8 10.5 3.2 5.8 9.6 4.6 4.5 6.1 100.0
2010 44.8 10.0 10.7 3.4 6.0 9.5 4.8 4.5 6.3 100.0
2011 44.2 9.8 11.0 3.7 5.8 10.0 4.7 4.5 6.2 100.0
2012 42.8 10.2 11.0 3.7 6.3 10.0 5.0 4.8 6.2 100.0
2013(a) 42.5 10.5 10.4 3.5 5.9 10.5 5.0 4.9 6.8 100.0
2014(a)(b) 41.6 10.4 10.9 3.6 6.0 10.7 5.1 5.0 6.7 100.0
GDP by Sector (Rs. Mn.)
2009
Agriculture 60,955 90,700 88,036 28,582 63,879 87,734 67,902 67,263 58,642 613,694
Industry 732,406 128,536 163,563 14,534 93,667 137,572 44,043 44,750 75,630 1,434,701
Services 1,422,985 254,180 257,453 112,711 121,817 240,735 109,348 107,280 160,387 2,786,897
Total 2,216,346 473,416 509,053 155,828 279,363 466,041 221,294 219,293 294,659 4,835,293

2010
Agriculture 75,942 101,741 100,284 30,970 73,959 97,583 77,301 82,298 77,832 717,910
Industry 802,790 161,227 206,548 28,836 98,357 162,209 54,924 49,023 85,352 1,649,268
Services 1,634,176 299,776 292,143 129,933 161,652 275,039 134,729 121,857 187,621 3,236,926
Total 2,512,908 562,744 598,976 189,740 333,969 534,831 266,954 253,177 350,806 5,604,104

2011
Agriculture 92,191 113,969 111,892 58,423 61,056 110,318 70,248 84,822 88,841 791,761
Industry 966,704 179,054 212,983 47,275 109,015 194,302 74,013 67,339 105,973 1,956,658
Services 1,835,532 351,309 393,893 136,814 209,113 350,562 161,714 145,173 210,782 3,794,893
Total 2,894,428 644,332 718,768 242,512 379,184 655,182 305,975 297,335 405,596 6,543,313
2012
Agriculture 93,187 117,963 114,187 59,911 85,452 111,772 74,009 94,581 82,414 833,477
Industry 1,135,586 224,035 287,881 49,467 150,339 230,931 98,046 80,391 131,565 2,388,241
Services 2,015,081 433,583 432,218 168,450 242,610 417,445 207,188 187,003 253,259 4,356,837
Total 3,243,854 775,580 834,287 277,828 478,401 760,148 379,243 361,975 467,238 7,578,554
2013 (a)
Agriculture 86,257 93,399 116,273 48,243 67,953 111,075 59,534 77,594 75,054 735,382
Industry 1,474,805 233,345 254,457 55,120 173,651 270,812 106,088 96,945 132,106 2,797,328
Services 2,239,752 609,901 562,376 212,377 282,229 556,048 282,609 264,405 396,848 5,406,544
Total 4,078,402 1,005,052 1,001,254 338,799 562,090 1,006,437 480,967 471,002 648,122 9,592,125
2014 (a)(b)
Agriculture 86,817 115,110 147,376 48,651 77,769 125,230 72,822 85,016 75,098 833,889
Industry 1,512,268 241,862 289,935 71,107 193,271 307,948 109,699 112,053 148,057 2,986,199
Services 2,454,743 658,703 622,579 229,420 309,761 613,469 316,878 289,482 429,399 5,924,433
Total 4,346,682 1,089,048 1,136,458 374,403 622,759 1,122,258 535,476 521,699 699,695 10,448,479
(a) Department of Census and Statistics revised the base year of National account compilation from Source : Central Bank of Sri Lanka
2002 to 2010. Hence PGDP 2013 and 2014 are calculated based on the new GDP (base year 2010)
published by the DCS.
(b) Provisional
36
Table 4.12
Provincial Gross Domestic Product by Industrial Origin at Current Prices 2013(a)
Rs. Million
North North Sabara- All
Major Division \ Province Western Central Southern Northern Eastern Uva
Western Central gamuwa Island
Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing

86,257 93,399 116,273 48,243 67,953 111,075 59,534 77,594 75,054 735,382
Growing of Cereals (except Rice) 481 1,022 1,423 1,696 1,987 5,416 5,265 302 17,592
Growing of Rice 1,609 2,880 5,853 6,579 14,599 9,383 17,312 5,081 3,555 66,851
Growing of Vegetables 2,456 21,137 4,923 5,415 4,177 6,919 5,680 15,287 3,072 69,065
Growing of Sugar Cane, Tobacco and Other Non-Perennial Crops 156 3 399 162 75 86 2,380 3,263
NATIONAL ACCOUNTS
Growing of Fruits 3,527 3,504 6,672 1,445 2,644 6,743 3,432 10,631 6,242 44,839
Growing of Oleaginous Fruits (Coconut, King Coconut, Oil Palm) 14,136 4,700 9,955 3,134 2,460 25,303 5,549 3,798 5,619 74,654
Growing of Other Beverage Crops (Coffee, Cocoa etc.) 75 682 31 2 138 1 196 139 1,263
Growing of Spices, Aromatic, Drug and Pharmaceutical Crops 3,136 12,273 14,643 444 277 3,324 2,073 5,774 7,562 49,507
Growing of Rubber 11,103 1,038 3,447 772 763 14,370 31,493
Growing of Other Perennial Crops 3,892 1,002 1,022 98 189 6,389 279 3,667 2,712 19,251
Animal Production 6,581 2,903 1,887 4,301 4,459 12,730 3,572 2,453 1,449 40,334
Plant Propagation and Support Activities to Agriculture 1,168 1,725 1,671 510 673 1,618 952 1,368 1,482 11,166
Forestry and Logging 2,449 12,322 2,446 1,863 5,193 10,261 11,871 12,088 5,580 64,072
Fresh Water Fishing and Fresh Water Aquaculture 348 694 1,690 657 1,763 2,773 3,313 1,791 431 13,460
Industries 1,474,805 233,345 254,457 55,120 173,651 270,812 106,088 96,945 132,106
2,797,328
37
Mining and Quarrying 53,546 39,742 7,528 16,026 13,298 19,716 36,366 30,543 28,616 245,382
Manufacture of Food, Beverages & Tobacco Products 478,835 64,449 52,673 6,672 45,176 55,920 14,867 30,687 52,469 801,748
Manufacture of Textiles, Wearing Apparel and Leather Related Products 222,178 26,614 22,001 257 1,751 70,485 4,841 4,215 13,342 365,685
Manufacture of Wood and of Products of Wood and Cork, except Furniture 16,310 4,157 1,045 261 526 3,046 103 932 985 27,365
Manufacture of Paper Products, Printing and Reproduction of Media Products 26,470 193 94 1,295 24 118 67 28,261
Manufacture of Coke and Refined Petroleum Products 66,064 66,064
Manufacture of Chemical Products and Basic Pharmaceutical Products 57,961 973 1,403 231 26 1,688 70 389 62,740
Manufacture of Rubber and Plastic Products 61,744 860 3,503 2,014 422 171 6,281 74,995
Manufacture of Other Non-Metallic Mineral Products 53,412 3,368 9,100 8,683 43,839 850 380 5,200 124,831
Manufacture of Basic Metals and Fabricated Metal Products 28,788 1,901 90 83 325 3,048 20 44 34,300
Manufacture of Machinery and Equipment 34,009 227 53 272 22 34,584
Manufacture of Furniture 48,620 1,591 1,992 141 223 4,391 136 190 683 57,966
Other Manufacturing and Repair and Installation of Machinery and Equipment 37,476 3,871 1,150 300 828 120 103 314 393 44,553
Electricity, Gas, Steam and Air Conditioning Supply 25,336 38,790 1,596 1,294 821 15,009 677 944 6,071 90,539
Water Collection, Treatment and Supply 7,057 889 1,242 43 525 266 475 321 371 11,189
Sewerage, Waste, Treatment and Disposal Activities 3,344 1,477 1,422 609 893 1,364 728 729 1,106 11,671
Construction 253,655 44,244 149,564 27,908 100,552 49,517 46,497 27,429 16,089 715,455
(Contd)
Table 4.12 (Contd.)
Provincial Gross Domestic Product by Industrial Origin at Current Prices 2013(a)
Rs. Million
Services 2,239,752 609,901 562,376 212,377 282,229 556,048 282,609 264,405 396,848
5,406,544
Wholesale and Retail Trade 494,384 93,242 83,754 28,406 53,754 122,229 45,252 55,936 70,837 1,047,793
Transportation of Goods and Passengers including Warehousing 451,933 137,995 124,448 42,449 48,672 131,741 63,774 62,371 99,450 1,162,834
Postal and Courier Activities 1,519 641 575 287 254 463 289 298 368 4,695
Accommodation, Food and Beverage Service Activities 61,828 30,760 40,060 1,628 5,266 481 10,142 4,549 481 155,197
NATIONAL ACCOUNTS
Programming and Broadcasting Activities and Audio Video Productions 1,203 531 511 219 321 491 262 262 398 4,198
Telecommunication 9,474 4,738 4,342 3,951 3,046 4,694 4,297 3,474 3,970 41,986
IT Programming Consultancy and Related Activities 8,192 559 697 212 171 1,007 204 182 678 11,902
Financial Service Activities and Auxiliary Financial Services 186,701 22,847 19,150 9,933 13,216 20,176 14,416 10,340 12,030 308,810
Insurance, Reinsurance and Pension Funding 49,733 5,971 5,037 2,626 3,453 5,286 3,739 2,716 3,150 81,712
Real Estate Activities, including Ownership of Dwelling 255,110 56,946 52,391 9,263 17,349 45,383 20,555 18,909 36,157 512,063
Professional Services 72,540 25,840 21,460 9,275 12,314 17,912 8,862 8,953 21,718 198,873
Public Administration and Defense; Compulsory Social Security 148,466 70,016 54,029 43,642 48,437 48,021 28,130 27,370 33,644 501,755
Education 66,120 23,085 20,805 9,976 11,999 20,624 10,017 11,337 15,334 189,298
Human Health Activities, Residential Care and Social Work Activities 78,064 20,439 19,874 9,405 12,852 21,213 10,267 11,179 15,503 198,796
Other Personal Service Activities 354,484 116,289 115,240 41,104 51,125 116,327 62,405 46,529 83,129 986,633

Gross Domestic Product (GDP) at Current Market Prices 4,078,402 1,005,052 1,001,254 338,799 562,090 1,006,437 480,967 471,002 648,122 9,592,125
38
Percent of GDP Contribution
42.5 10.5 10.4 3.5 5.9 10.5 5.0 4.9 6.8 100.0
Per capita GDP by Current Market Prices (Rs.)
691,724 385,965 399,383 315,749 356,883 418,477 374,877 366,538 332,200 466,112
(a) Department of Census and Statistics revised the base year of National account compilation from 2002 to 2010. Source : Central Bank of Sri Lanka
Hence PGDP 2013 and 2014 are calculated based on the new GDP (base year 2010) published by the DCS.
Table 4.13
Provincial Gross Domestic Product by Industrial Origin at Current Prices 2014(a)(b)
Rs. Million
Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing 86,817 115,110 147,376 48,651 77,769 125,230 72,822 85,016 75,098 833,889
Growing of Cereals (except Rice) 437 1,139 1,198 1,606 1,518 6,819 5,418 301 18,436
Growing of Rice 3,039 5,088 9,733 5,126 29,129 15,195 22,537 8,360 6,516 104,723
Growing of Vegetables 2,638 20,859 5,882 5,550 4,367 6,429 6,356 16,928 3,641 72,651
Growing of Sugar Cane, Tobacco and Other Non-Perennial Crops 154 1 187 182 49 65 2,791 3,431
NATIONAL ACCOUNTS
Growing of Fruits 4,159 4,519 6,821 2,238 2,556 6,722 3,388 9,048 6,247 45,697
Growing of Oleaginous Fruits (Coconut, King Coconut, Oil Palm) 14,971 4,729 11,529 2,039 3,259 28,798 5,451 2,907 6,139 79,821
Growing of Other Beverage Crops (Coffee, Cocoa etc.) 77 874 48 1 126 261 234 1,622
Growing of Spices, Aromatic, Drug and Pharmaceutical Crops 4,851 21,251 18,563 944 390 5,925 3,523 8,688 11,605 75,740
Growing of Rubber 8,303 965 2,274 462 617 4,816 17,438
Growing of Other Perennial Crops 4,645 1,313 917 718 326 7,934 338 3,620 2,813 22,623
Animal Production 8,820 4,343 2,752 5,468 6,386 19,899 4,341 3,458 1,823 57,289
Plant Propagation and Support Activities to Agriculture 1,171 1,925 1,790 481 988 1,907 1,082 1,417 1,349 12,110
Forestry and Logging 3,153 18,730 3,122 1,984 3,643 8,601 13,930 11,738 6,867 71,767
Fresh Water Fishing and Fresh Water Aquaculture 375 510 1,307 536 2,274 2,311 4,992 2,713 1,025 16,043

Industries 1,512,268 241,862 289,935 71,107 193,271 307,948 109,699 112,053 148,057 2,986,199
39
Mining and Quarrying 56,195 37,787 9,199 13,930 15,450 22,440 36,126 33,909 29,604 254,640
Manufacture of Food, Beverages & Tobacco Products 566,260 77,842 63,438 9,400 59,706 71,563 18,608 37,735 64,850 969,402
Manufacture of Textiles, Wearing Apparel and Leather Related Products 225,670 27,609 22,759 312 1,987 77,475 5,205 4,451 14,164 379,633
Manufacture of Wood and of Products of Wood and Cork, except Furniture 17,706 4,609 1,155 337 638 3,578 118 1,053 1,118 30,313
Manufacture of Paper Products, Printing and Reproduction of Media Products 19,757 147 72 1,152 20 95 52 21,294
Manufacture of Coke and Refined Petroleum Products 11,869 11,869
Manufacture of Chemical Products and Basic Pharmaceutical Products 77,156 1,322 1,902 367 38 2,431 97 541 83,855
Manufacture of Rubber and Plastic Products 56,443 803 3,261 1,992 408 162 6,001 69,071
Manufacture of Other Non-Metallic Mineral Products 47,663 3,069 8,270 8,659 42,335 803 352 4,850 116,002
Manufacture of Basic Metals and Fabricated Metal Products 29,091 1,962 93 99 368 3,333 21 47 35,014
Manufacture of Machinery and Equipment 21,315 145 34 185 15 21,694
Manufacture of Furniture 49,707 1,661 2,074 171 255 4,858 147 202 729 59,805
Other Manufacturing and Repair and Installation of Machinery and Equipment 36,156 3,814 1,130 345 892 125 105 315 396 43,278
Electricity, Gas, Steam and Air Conditioning Supply 26,434 20,072 1,375 1,126 696 20,899 558 521 4,688 76,370
Water Collection, Treatment and Supply 8,785 1,351 1,629 67 708 357 615 416 499 14,427
Sewerage, Waste, Treatment and Disposal Activities 3,755 1,664 1,602 686 1,008 1,534 821 823 1,246 13,140
Construction 258,306 58,003 171,943 43,115 102,846 54,747 46,170 31,994 19,270 786,393

(Contd)
Table 4.13 (Contd.)
Provincial Gross Domestic Product by Industrial Origin at Current Prices 2014(a)(b)
Rs. Million
Services 2,454,743 658,703 622,579 229,420 309,761 613,469 316,878 289,482 429,399 5,924,433
Wholesale and Retail Trade 506,385 106,662 100,828 28,921 64,161 137,722 51,889 63,033 76,350 1,135,949
Transportation of Goods and Passengers including Warehousing 506,724 148,321 141,626 44,400 52,442 145,246 70,118 68,295 111,173 1,288,346
Postal and Courier Activities 1,464 893 556 285 246 438 279 288 372 4,822
Accommodation, Food and Beverage Service Activities 65,344 29,531 44,663 1,509 8,504 483 10,987 5,109 483 166,613
NATIONAL ACCOUNTS
Programming and Broadcasting Activities and Audio Video Productions 1,052 466 449 192 282 430 230 231 349 3,680
Telecommunication 10,060 5,046 4,596 4,254 3,269 4,998 4,585 3,705 4,226 44,738
IT Programming Consultancy and Related Activities 10,040 437 443 492 177 1,009 166 132 536 13,431
Financial Service Activities and Auxiliary Financial Services 228,179 23,504 21,759 7,968 7,185 21,716 13,889 9,843 14,705 348,748
Insurance, Reinsurance and Pension Funding 61,013 6,222 5,747 2,155 1,974 5,673 3,660 2,644 3,856 92,945
Real Estate Activities, including Ownership of Dwelling 279,913 62,705 57,667 10,208 19,123 49,871 22,664 20,864 39,789 562,804
Professional Services 79,596 28,537 20,636 11,501 13,142 20,693 10,086 9,737 17,040 210,970
Public Administration and Defense; Compulsory Social Security 168,433 73,287 54,279 51,253 56,733 54,144 37,589 30,905 36,658 563,281
Education 72,763 25,630 23,508 11,464 13,740 23,239 12,017 12,247 17,553 212,162
Human Health Activities, Residential Care and Social Work Activities 81,730 21,697 21,239 10,331 13,440 22,254 11,139 12,029 16,462 210,321
Other Personal Service Activities 382,045 125,765 124,584 44,487 55,342 125,555 67,580 50,421 89,846 1,065,625

Gross Domestic Product (GDP) at Current Market Prices 4,346,682 1,089,048 1,136,458 374,403 622,759 1,122,258 535,476 521,699 699,695 10,448,479
40
Percent of GDP Contribution 41.6 10.4 10.9 3.6 6.0 10.7 5.1 5.0 6.7 100.0
Per capita GDP by Current Market Prices (Rs.) 732,258 413,929 448,838 345,071 390,935 462,787 412,540 400,999 355,175 503,032
(a) Department of Census and Statistics revised the base year of National account compilation from 2002 to 2010. Source : Central Bank of Sri Lanka
Hence PGDP 2013 and 2014 are calculated based on the new GDP (base year 2010) published by the DCS.
(b) Provisional
AGRICULTURE
Table 5.1
Tea 2006 2015
Item 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
2015(a)
Area, 000 Hectares (b) 222 222 222 222 222 222 222 222 222 203

Replanted Area, Hectares 1,293 1,442 1,385 1,126 1,399 1,209 1,268 1,591 1,195 806

Fertiliser Issues (wholesale),
MT 000 165 157 132 188 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 103 140

Factories, No. (c) 661 643 864 876 702 695 700 716 713 711
High Grown 161 146 202 205 172 169 167 166 n.a. 165
Medium Grown 129 120 193 183 117 114 108 119 n.a. 121
Low Grown 371 377 469 488 413 412 425 431 n.a. 425

Production, Mn. Kgs. 310.8 305.2 318.7 291.0 331.4 327.5 328.4 340.0 338.0 329.0
High Grown 74.7 73.9 84.4 73.0 79.1 78.2 73.6 79.2 78.9 76.9
Medium Grown 51.5 50.9 49.0 45.0 56.1 52.6 52.6 52.6 49.2 49.7
Low Grown 184.6 180.4 185.3 173.0 196.2 196.7 202.1 208.2 210.0 202.4

Cost of Production, Rs./Kg. 188.40 236.50 262.60 269.01 314.17 355.02 390.89 422.70 475.11 478.23

Colombo Auction Price, Rs./Kg. 198.87 279.01 301.63 360.86 371.54 360.68 392.40 445.83 459.01 401.46
High Grown 205.14 256.02 269.01 325.39 340.68 333.82 378.91 405.66 416.97 387.21
Medium Grown 174.88 242.16 260.68 317.75 331.68 321.24 351.43 399.06 405.33 359.60
Low Grown 203.44 297.16 325.64 384.99 393.48 381.17 407.47 470.88 485.47 416.47

Quantity Sold at Colombo
Auctions, Mn. Kgs. 266.5 242.4 266.7 270.8 317.4 290.2 313.0 323.5 326.1 313.9
High Grown 56.8 52.6 61.8 57.5 71.1 66.1 66.2 69.4 68.8 67.4
Medium Grown 43.8 38.3 42.7 42.7 51.2 46.2 47.2 48.7 47.9 46.4
Low Grown 165.9 151.7 162.0 170.6 195.1 177.9 198.9 205.4 209.3 200.1

Exports (d)
Value, Rs. Mn. 91,667 113,565 137,606 136,194 162,793 164,869 180,429 199,446 212,588 182,054
Quantity, Mn. Kgs. 327.4 311.8 319.7 289.7 328.0 323.0 319.9 319.7 327.3 307.0
F.O.B. Price, Rs./Kg. 279.97 364.28 430.40 470.11 496.27 510.41 563.94 623.91 649.44 593.08
Export Volume by Different Type,

Mn. Kgs. (e)
Bulk Tea 200.7 211.4 209.6 186.9 144.0 134.1 132.7 130.8 128.3 133.9
Packeted Tea 79.4 76.0 86.6 80.4 150.5 157.4 159.9 159.2 166.1 147.0
Tea Bags 19.1 22.9 22.1 21.0 31.8 29.6 25.8 27.7 30.7 24.0
Other 28.2 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.8 1.9 1.6 2.0 2.2 2.1
Total 327.4 311.8 319.7 289.7 328.0 323.0 319.9 319.7 327.3 307.0

Export Value by Different Type, Rs.

Mn. (e)
Bulk Tea 48,182 71,628 83,728 80,975 65,852 59,463 65,847 73,047 74,214 69,078
Packeted Tea 21,042 26,854 36,326 37,365 70,286 75,833 84,215 92,461 100,866 82,230
Tea Bags 10,659 14,095 16,317 16,728 25,225 27,895 28,994 31,934 35,082 28,567
Other 11,784 988 1,235 1,125 1,431 1,678 1,373 2,003 2,426 2,179
Total 91,667 113,565 137,606 136,194 162,793 164,869 180,429 199,446 212,588 182,054

Value added, % of GDP
(Growing & Processing) 2.0 1.4 1.6 1.7 1.6 1.3 1.3 0.9 0.9 0.8
Domestic Consumption, Mn. Kgs.

27.0 27.3 27.5 27.3 27.6 27.9 27.6 27.8 28.0
(f) 28.3
(a) Provisional Sources : Sri Lanka Tea Board

(b) Extents was revised based on the census conducted by the DCS in 2005, in collaboration with The Colombo Tea Brokers Association
Tea Small Holdings Development Authority. Sri Lanka Customs
(c) Registered in the Tea Commissioners Division.
(d) From 2007 onwards categories are reclassified based on National Import Tariff Guide 2010.
(e) Classification of value added tea is on the basis of Sri Lanka Tea Board classification applied
in 2011 and adjusted backwards. The same approach is applied to the bulk tea classification.
Bags: less than 4g, Packets : 4g10kg, Bulk: more than 10kg.
(f) Estimated Domestic Consumption calculated based on the Household Income and Expenditure
Surveys conducted by Department of Census and Statistics.
n.a. Not available
41
AGRICULTURE
Table 5.2
Rubber 2006 2015
Item 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(a)
Area, Hectares 000

Under Cultivation 120 120 122 124 126 129 131 134 134 135
Under Tapping 97 94 94 95 98 101 104 105 111 116

Area Replanted, Hectares (b) 2,372 5,192 6,105 1,002 5,941 3,050 2,161 2,024 2,096 621

Area Newly Planted, Hectares (b) 922 2,034 2,436 715 1,413 3,004 2,476 2,979 1,428 769
Subsidies for Replanting, Rs. 000 per ha.

125.0 125.0 125.0 125.0 125.0 175.0 175.0 175.0 175.0 175.0
Fertilizer Issues (wholesale), MT 13,014 11,827 10,488 8,277 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 4,465 5,835
Average Yield per Hectare, kgs. 1,128 1,261 1,382 1,437 1,561 1,566 1,459 1,247 889 744
Cost of Production, Rs. / kg. 97.20 112.69 114.00 115.50 119.83 129.56 136.00 150.00 160.00 170.00
Total Production, Mn. kgs. 109.2 117.6 129.2 136.9 153.0 158.2 152.0 130.4 98.6 88.6
Smoked Sheet 52.5 48.9 55.0 54.6 59.3 60.7 59.2 62.8 48.5 44.4
Sole Crepe 3.9 4.0 3.9 5.4 6.7 3.4 1.9 2.4 2.4 1.9
Scrap Crepe 1.6 1.7 2.7 3.5 1.8 1.3 1.3 2.4 1.0 0.9
Latex Crepe 20.2 21.8 21.0 31.7 52.5 59.9 36.5 15.4 11.8 8.3
Latex and Unspecified 28.1 31.2 35.6 29.9 24.3 24.9 44.4 37.9 27.2 25.5
Technically Specified Rubber 9.0 9.6 11.0 11.8 8.3 8.0 8.7 9.6 7.6 7.6
Local Consumption, Mn. kgs. 63.1 73.9 80.1 84.9 107.2 111.7 110.0 107.3 85.6 127.4
Stocks, Mn. kgs. 18.7 11.0 11.5 7.4 1.7 5.5 10.2 9.8 5.0 10.0

Exports (c)
Value, Rs. Mn. 9,674 12,066 13,535 11,327 19,580 22,811 15,726 9,194 5,916 3,548
Volume, Mn. kgs. 47.3 51.4 48.6 56.0 51.9 42.6 37.4 23.6 16.3 10.4
F.O.B. Price, Rs. / kg. 204.70 234.65 278.39 202.30 377.54 535.40 420.74 389.81 362.83 342.03

Export Distribution (Mn. kgs.)
European Union 11.2 9.9 8.1 5.0 6.6 5.8 4.9 4.1 4.2 3.0
India 4.3 9.2 7.0 14.1 10.0 3.9 7.1 2.6 2.0 0.4
Japan 2.4 2.2 2.4 1.5 1.8 2.3 1.4 1.7 1.7 1.6
Hong-Kong 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3
Pakistan 11.1 10.5 10.3 9.5 7.8 7.6 5.4 4.7 2.4 1.4
USA 4.2 4.8 4.8 2.7 2.9 3.3 1.7 1.0 0.7 0.5
Other Countries 12.8 14.2 15.4 22.5 22.0 19.1 16.6 9.4 5.0 3.2
(a) Provisional Sources : Rubber Development Department

(b) Extents covered by cultivation assistance schemes of the Rubber Development Department. The Colombo Rubber Traders Association
Sri Lanka Customs
(c) From 2007 onwards categories are reclassified based on National Import Tariff Guide - 2010. Central Bank of Sri Lanka
n.a. Not available
42
AGRICULTURE
Table 5.3
Coconut 2006 2015
Item 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(a)
Coconut Production, Mn. Nuts 2,785 2,869 2,909 2,853 2,584 2,808 2,940 2,513 2,870 3,056

Manufacture of Major Coconut
Products, MT 000
Copra 19.0 14.0 13.0 8.6 1.0 2.2 0.7 0.1 0.5 0.5
Coconut Oil 38.0 76.0 59.0 75.5 65.1 56.0 81.9 45.2 45.3 52.8
Desiccated Coconut 45.0 43.0 38.0 38.1 28.8 47.7 41.6 29.2 50.4 41.8
Poonac 19.0 37.0 30.0 37.8 11.5 26.5 40.9 22.6 22.6 26.4
Cost of Production, Rs. per Nut 7.00 10.25 12.47 9.53 11.27 10.27 11.63 13.58 13.67 15.25
Fertiliser Issues (wholesale), MT 36,248 30,920 25,136 16,853 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 24,276 28,483

Export Volume (b)
Three Major Coconut Products, Mn. Nuts
456 457 380 367 251 386 351 379 716 552
Copra, MT 000 18.7 14.1 13.3 4.8 0.7 2.1 0.6 0.1 4.2 0.5
Coconut Oil, MT 000 1.8 1.4 1.5 1.9 1.7 1.9 2.5 3.8 11.3 22.0
Desiccated Coconut, MT 000 41.6 45.4 36.3 42.4 29.8 45.9 41.8 44.3 76.4 46.0
Coconut Non-Kernel Products, MT 000 260.3 223.5 190.7 370.2 345.4 346.8 352.0 328.3 365.9 339.0
Fresh Coconuts, MT 000 57.3 46.7 32.3 48.0 30.6 12.1 14.6 0.8 2.7 4.2
Fibres, MT 000 14.5 29.5 260.0 265.7 285.7 266.0 265.4 274.7 264.0
Yarn, MT 000 195.4 148.8 109.6 33.7 25.4 25.4 44.9 41.4 64.7 47.3
Coconut Shells and Ekels, MT 000 7.6 13.5 19.3 28.6 23.7 23.6 26.5 20.6 23.8 23.5
Export Value, Rs. Mn. (b)

Three Major Coconut Products 5,509 7,423 8,923 6,683 6,189 15,101 10,101 11,118 27,970 30,123
Copra 1,353 1,206 1,486 427 73 272 85 14 899 102
Coconut Oil 173 195 426 508 588 854 1,277 2,214 7,629 16,409
Desiccated Coconut 3,983 6,021 7,011 5,749 5,527 13,975 8,738 8,891 19,441 13,612
Coconut Non-Kernel Products 7,059 6,803 6,805 11,951 12,540 14,292 16,493 15,370 18,547 17,623
Fresh Coconuts 1,398 1,292 1,350 1,870 1,350 707 1,000 52 158 308
Fibres 712 1,327 7,562 9,253 11,355 11,984 12,397 13,614 13,561
Yarn 5,386 4,263 3,417 1,279 1,111 1,365 2,356 2,008 3,649 2,527
Coconut Shells and Ekels 274 536 712 1,240 826 864 1,152 914 1,126 1,227

F.O.B. Price, Rs. per kg. (b)
Copra 72.44 85.81 111.61 88.98 105.20 126.79 137.12 191.32 212.99 212.65
Coconut Oil 98.63 141.16 280.18 262.25 345.97 442.26 511.04 579.38 677.92 744.80
Fresh Coconut 24.42 27.65 41.78 38.97 44.07 58.40 68.34 66.27 59.45 72.60
Fibres 49.12 45.03 29.09 34.82 39.75 45.06 46.70 49.56 51.36
Yarn 27.56 28.64 31.18 37.98 43.73 53.78 52.49 48.49 56.43 53.47
Coconut Shells and Ekels 36.14 39.89 36.83 43.38 34.86 36.64 43.50 44.30 47.20 52.18

Local Market Price, Rs. per kg.
Copra No. 1 65.50 96.74 137.10 88.22 123.71 145.07 114.29 145.30 154.29 164.14
Coconut Oil 67.50 151.89 214.24 166.98 217.52 262.08 212.42 252.32 266.85 265.52
Price of a Fresh Nut (RetailAverage), Rs. 15.65 21.83 28.88 23.02 30.48 36.41 34.56 43.16 45.58 53.01
Value Added, % of GDP (c) 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.0 0.8 0.8 0.9
Domestic Consumption (d), Mn. Nuts 1,901 1,900 1,798 1,816 1,836 1,855 1,873 1,826 1,830 1,874
(a) Provisional Sources : Coconut Development Authority

(b) From 2007 onwards categories are reclassified based on Department of Census and Statistics
National Import Tariff Guide - 2010. Sri Lanka Customs
National Fertilizer Secretariat
(c) In growing and processing only. Central Bank of Sri Lanka
(d) Estimated household consumption.
n.a. Not available
43
AGRICULTURE
Table 5.4
Minor Export Crops 2006 2015
Item 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(a)
Cultivated Area, Hectares

Cocoa 2,239 2,289 2,513 2,253 2,279 2,300 2,336 2,365 2,375 2,375
Cinnamon 28,230 29,092 28,971 29,486 30,106 30,523 31,049 31,551 31,867 32,116
Cardamom 2,888 2,918 2,790 2,794 2,795 2,795 2,798 2,800 2,801 2,801
Clove 7,779 7,805 7,595 7,613 7,603 7,605 7,612 7,622 7,627 7,628
Pepper 29,510 30,106 30,156 30,528 30,931 31,296 31,667 31,997 32,291 32,411

Production, MT
Cocoa 810 393 1,695 467 520 525 513 515 500 457
Cinnamon
15,900 16,505 14,899 15,765 16,435 18,250 17,165 17,500 17,600 17,707
Cardamom 80 90 71 61 48 57 80 50 87 91
Clove 3,575 2,990 8,203 3,032 9,551 5,533 4,009 6,190 3,225 5,253
Pepper
14,440 16,597 12,897 15,767 17,332 10,800 18,604 28,000 18,660 31,013

Exports Quantity, MT (a)
Cocoa 26 89 64 292 1,644 4,343 2,524 102 334 93
Cardamoms 10 8 12 9 12 12 10 4 8 120
Pepper 8,191 9,061 6,253 6,580 12,971 5,065 10,532 21,703 8,353 17,027
Cloves 2,975 2,336 7,413 2,917 8,535 5,208 2,918 5,483 1,233 5,529
Cinnamon
12,334 13,400 12,459 12,234 13,682 13,747 14,762 14,148 13,949 13,828
Coffee 106 61 86 60 26 10 10 19 57 24
Cashew Nuts 140 125 206 195 337 311 146 51 129 113
Nutmeg and Mace 1,669 1,804 1,793 1,640 2,314 1,911 1,620 2,306 2,065 2,258
Unmanufactured Tobacco 1,399 1,578 1,278 686 695 708 861 1,142 1,162 880

Exports Value, Rs. Mn. (b)
Cocoa 1 9 9 18 634 2,350 1,648 34 140 33
Cardamoms 16 14 29 28 38 65 32 21 40 147
Pepper 1,774 3,559 2,853 2,398 5,121 3,543 9,192 16,693 9,447 20,215
Cloves 1,307 1,048 3,610 1,391 4,357 3,957 2,373 6,400 1,834 6,444
Cinnamon 6,879 8,954 9,368 8,794 11,057 14,244 17,397 17,992 18,255 19,099
Coffee 17 16 26 15 15 9 8 15 30 24
Cashew Nuts 119 112 153 127 253 288 170 77 186 189
Nutmeg and Mace 656 905 1,016 1,022 2,044 3,112 2,875 4,051 3,886 4,534
Unmanufactured Tobacco 3,671 4,452 4,280 3,856 3,643 4,241 5,374 6,149 5,397 4,310

Export Price (F.O.B), Rs. per kg. (b)

Cocoa 54.42 98.68 141.76 63.11 385.58 541.22 652.70 332.18 419.92 356.94
Cardamoms
1,580.71 1,874.07 2,405.14 3,025.52 3,101.32 5,681.13 3,080.31 5,252.77 4,797.83 1,223.33
Pepper 216.60 392.75 456.31 364.44 394.76 699.38 872.79 769.16 1,130.87 1,187.25
Cloves 439.32 448.36 487.00 476.78 510.47 759.76 813.20 1,167.40 1,487.21 1,165.66
Cinnamon 557.70 668.18 751.91 718.80 808.12 1,036.18 1,178.48 1,271.68 1,308.67 1,381.18
Coffee 163.54 255.29 301.03 254.75 573.76 836.98 836.57 801.38 522.84 1,018.36
Cashew Nuts 849.39 895.36 742.94 651.06 751.30 928.03 1,168.34 1,516.27 1,435.54 1,674.38
Nutmeg and Mace 393.03 501.60 566.30 623.47 883.12 1,628.56 1,774.48 1,756.77 1,882.03 2,007.70
Unmanufactured Tobacco
2,624.50 2,821.21 3,347.93 5,616.78 5,239.98 5,991.11 6,245.45 5,383.06 4,643.14 4,898.24

(b) From 2007 onwards categories are reclassified based on Sri Lanka Customs
National Import Tariff Guide - 2010. Central Bank of Sri Lanka
44
AGRICULTURE
Table 5.5
Paddy 2006 2015
Item 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(a)
Area Sown, Ha. 000 910 816 1,053 978 1,065 1,223 1,067 1,227 964 1254
Maha 591 525 582 632 646 730 702 780 651 773
Yala 319 291 471 345 419 493 365 448 313 481

Irrigated Area, Ha. 000 707 636 820 730 809 940 824 958 717 984
Major 511 461 560 490 562 634 582 636 493 657
Minor 196 175 260 240 247 306 242 322 224 327

Rainfed Area, Ha. 000 203 181 233 248 257 278 242 269 248 269

Gross Area Harvested, Ha. 000 900 796 1,033 943 1,060 1,103 990 1,188 881 1211
Maha 586 512 568 605 643 613 685 742 580 735
Yala 314 284 465 338 416 489 305 447 301 476

Production, MT 000 3,342 3,131 3,875 3,652 4,301 3,894 3,846 4,621 3,381 4,819
Maha 2,136 1,973 2,125 2,384 2,630 1,996 2,717 2,846 2,236 2,877
Yala 1,206 1,158 1,750 1,268 1,671 1,898 1,129 1,774 1,145 1,942

Yield per Hectare, kgs. 4,136 4,385 4,189 4,337 4,527 3,970 4,353 4,329 4,264 4,429
Maha 4,069 4,299 4,181 4,421 4,583 3,668 4,444 4,281 4,222 4,364
Yala 4,263 4,543 4,195 4,186 4,444 4,347 4,145 4,408 4,204 4,527

Fertilizer Issues, MT 000 418 389 602 423 490 453 412 363 275 341

Credit Granted for Paddy
Cultivation, Rs. Mn. 990 1,157 1,644 1,918 2,541 4,418 5,527 5,427 4,762 5,202
Maha 552 559 807 1,158 1,402 2,443 3,752 3,527 3,174 3,114
Yala 438 598 837 760 1,139 1,975 1,775 1,900 1,588 2,088

Prices, Rs. per Bushel
Guaranteed Price 344 355 605 605 605 605 605 699 699 939
Open Market Price n.a. n.a. 658 676 598 635 618 637 843 787

Insurance
Area Insured, Ha. 000 52.1 38.7 29.6 29.6 26.6 36.2 49.4 30.9 25.7 1,009.3(c)
Collected, Rs. Mn. 37.9 29.7 24.5 30.2 43.8 66.4 100.8 77.8 61.8 1,086.3(c)
Total Indemnities Paid, Rs. Mn. 19.9 22.7 21.8 15.4 15.3 184.6 78.3 136.2 55.2 1,018.3(c)

Rice Imports, MT 000 (b) 12 88 84 52 126 28 36 23 600 286
Import Price (C & F), Rs. per MT (b) 48,083 48,420 56,425 50,202 53,598 73,003 85,229 100,028 61,322 62,870

Value Added, Rs. Mn. 37,608 35,261 43,406 41,179 48,377 44,325 43,596 52,084 43,386 52,316
Percent of GDP 1.8 1.6 1.8 1.7 1.8 1.5 1.4 1.6 1.2 1.4

(b) From 2007 onwards categories are reclassified based on Paddy Marketing Board
National Import Tariff Guide - 2010. National Fertilizer Secretariat
(c) Including Kethata Aruna Fertiliser Insurance Scheme.
n.a. Not available
45
AGRICULTURE
Table 5.6
Subsidiary Food Crops 2006 2015
Crop 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(a)
Area, Hectares
Big Onions 6,814 6,988 4,090 5,081 4,158 3,452 5,387 4,223 6,827 5,618
Black Gram 6,804 6,813 8,318 7,868 9,808 8,668 10,842 11,138 11,226 12,305
Chillies 14,890 14,083 14,803 13,554 13,262 13,314 14,728 14,437 13,978 13,029
Cowpea 10,650 10,634 12,151 11,439 10,870 9,268 11,042 10,816 11,480 9,200
Gingelly 9,337 9,260 9,512 10,881 18,397 14,362 15,557 17,146 14,524 17,841
Green Gram 8,700 8,766 9,356 8,569 10,283 9,335 9,755 11,147 11,840 11,346
Ground Nuts 11,662 10,418 10,272 9,002 9,481 9,289 11,609 15,198 14,326 17,716
Kurakkan 5,910 5,407 6,079 5,902 6,565 5,250 5,195 5,953 7,416 6,950
Maize 32,002 34,181 51,608 50,857 57,618 50,545 59,529 67,722 67,219 69,971
Manioc 23,563 22,561 23,934 23,864 23,445 24,203 23,845 23,928 23,862 23,844
Meneri 60 65 52 28 30 30 34 49 54 57
Potatoes 5,294 5,336 4,869 4,139 3,844 4,479 4,648 5,138 5,365 5,496
Red Onions 6,228 5,610 4,878 4,498 5,228 6,145 6,132 4,606 4,872 4,873
Soya Beans 3,062 2,856 1,226 1,654 4,500 2,451 1,517 7,929 4,112 6,383
Production, MT
Big Onions 73,616 92,166 57,371 81,707 58,930 45,682 83,561 69,635 111,137 89,323
Black Gram 7,470 7,747 9,477 7,071 9,991 5,782 10,180 9,175 9,644 11,901
Chillies 52,897 48,701 51,003 46,414 49,003 44,398 61,541 71,175 73,679 62,866
Cowpea 10,114 10,855 11,952 13,485 11,609 10,453 14,812 14,185 15,209 12,276
Gingelly 5,969 6,304 6,337 8,525 16,947 11,293 12,435 14,236 14,297 13,285
Green Gram 7,975 8,513 8,878 9,258 11,703 10,838 11,956 14,252 14,616 15,058
Ground Nuts 9,822 9,831 10,251 13,077 14,354 16,903 21,953 27,486 25,184 28,503
Kurakkan 6,296 5,457 6,511 6,433 7,307 5,411 5,984 7,011 8,851 8,916
Maize 47,521 56,438 112,287 129,769 161,694 137,797 202,315 209,042 240,731 261,115
Manioc 226,074 219,933 240,731 277,847 282,759 292,741 291,354 302,782 310,249 324,097
Meneri 45 47 30 20 17 18 26 33 29 43
Potatoes 78,484 77,386 74,814 61,705 51,933 59,360 72,186 78,751 82,750 97,391
Red Onions 60,754 57,041 49,290 46,234 61,811 72,339 73,970 55,592 63,212 61,202
Soya Beans 5,177 4,799 3,032 3,788 7,521 3,847 1,671 13,445 10,812 11,254
(a) Provisional Source : Department of Census and Statistics
Subsidiary Food Crops

120 300
80 200
MT 000
MT 000
40 100
0 0
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Big Onions Black gram Chillies Cowpea

Gingelly Green gram Ground nuts Kurakkan
Potatoes Red Onions Soya beans Maize (right)
46
AGRICULTURE
Table 5.7
Principal Crops by Province 2011 2015
Western Central Southern Northern Eastern North North Uva Sabara- All
Item
Western
Central gamuwa Island
Tea
Estimated Production, Mn. kg.
2011 18.0 108.0 92.8 30.3 78.3 327.5
2012 18.0 106.7 93.6 26.8 83.2 328.4
2013 19.3 109.7 97.9 30.4 82.8 340.0
2014 18.9 109.2 96.8 29.0 84.1 338.0
2015 (a) 19.1 108.0 90.4 28.6 82.9 329.0
No. of Tea Factories (in operation)
2011 32 233 230 61 139 695
2012 53 225 201 67 119 665
2013 33 227 229 65 142 696
2014 34 238 235 67 140 714
2015 (a) 34 238 235 67 140 714
Rubber
Estimated Production Mn. kg.
2011 52.0 4.2 13.9 3.6 3.1 81.4 158.2
2012 49.9 4.1 13.4 3.4 3.0 78.2 152.0
2013 43.0 3.2 11.6 2.6 2.5 67.4 130.2
2014 32.4 2.6 8.7 2.3 1.9 50.7 98.6
2015 (a) 29.1 2.3 7.8 2.0 1.7 45.6 88.6
Coconut
Estimated Area (2014 census),
000 Ha. 64.11 22.83 52.76 19.33 16.61 180.34 30.63 19.90 33.94 440.45
Estimated Production, Mn. Nuts
2011 452 156 411 93 60 1,147 160 135 195 2,808
2012 485 143 336 99 93 1,276 197 123 189 2,940
2013 465 125 319 93 64 972 168 115 193 2,513
2014 477 154 332 84 104 1,180 216 143 217 2,905
2015 (a) 495 161 355 82 103 1,265 226 96 247 3,030
Average Producer Price, Rs. per 100 nuts
2011 2,924.79 2,816.48 2,989.13 3,096.53 3,325.88 2,732.13 2,515.30 2,542.71 2,815.64 2,868.17
2012 2,384.73 2,425.95 2,355.39 2,228.34 2,458.91 2,057.57 2,217.23 1,883.44 2,221.69 2,261.12
2013 3,060.74 3,464.15 3,105.96 3,245.39 3,511.32 2,816.10 3,208.16 3,208.09 2,988.75 3,109.29
2014 3,280.26 3,239.08 3,483.98 2,846.46 3,277.46 2,854.74 2,905.29 2,606.21 3,091.60 3,110.10
2015 (a) 3,487.84 3,752.87 3,880.64 3,309.40 3,716.83 3,161.44 3,415.73 3,485.70 3,276.01 3,467.76
Paddy
Production, MT 000
2011 132.3 175.4 367.3 207.9 653.5 625.6 1,165.5 296.6 270.2 3,894.2
2012 115.8 161.8 332.3 259.9 1,062.2 330.4 1,031.2 324.4 227.8 3,845.9
2013 117.5 203.8 402.2 313.6 1,039.5 688.0 1,225.7 381.2 249.3 4,620.7
2014 106.6 164.0 429.5 124.5 935.9 496.9 721.4 289.0 113.1 3,380.8
2015 (a) 127.5 201.6 507.5 403.3 1,067.2 630.0 1,376.6 379.5 126.2 4,819.4
Net Extent Harvested, 000 Ha.
2011 46.0 47.9 89.0 62.0 167.5 176.6 255.0 76.8 60.2 980.9
2012 36.1 39.2 77.9 72.0 235.7 85.9 210.2 75.7 50.6 883.4
2013 36.9 47.5 82.3 75.1 268.4 158.6 260.4 87.3 50.8 1,067.3
2014 34.8 40.7 91.0 33.2 217.7 129.6 152.2 64.8 29.0 792.9
2015 (a) 36.4 47.6 99.4 93.9 254.0 170.4 268.6 86.5 31.6 1,088.4
Yield Bushels per Acre
2011 56 71 80 65 76 69 89 75 87 77
2012 62 80 83 70 87 75 95 83 87 84
2013 62 83 95 81 75 84 91 85 95 84
2014 59 78 91 73 83 74 92 86 76 82
2015 (a) 68 82 99 83 81 72 99 85 77 86
Yield kg. per Hectare
2011 2,876 3,660 4,129 3,355 3,902 2,543 4,571 3,860 4,488 3,970
2012 3,205 4,126 4,263 3,610 4,507 3,845 4,906 4,284 4,507 4,353
2013 3,183 4,294 4,884 4,175 3,873 4,337 4,707 4,364 4,908 4,329
2014 3,064 4,032 4,717 3,748 4,299 3,834 4,741 4,457 3,905 4,264
2015 (a) 3,501 4,238 5,108 4,295 4,201 3,697 5,125 4,388 3,995 4,428
(a) Provisional Sources : Sri Lanka Tea Board Coconut Research Institute
Rubber Development Department Department of Census and Statistics
47
AGRICULTURE
Table 5.8
Agricultural Crops Yields, Farmgate Prices and Costs of Cultivation 2013
Irrigation District/ Yield Farmgate Unit Cost Net Return

Crop Type Area Season kg./ha Price Rs./kg. Rs./kg. Rs./ha.
(a) (b) (c) (b) (c)
Black gram RF Anuradhapura Maha 2012/13 912 125.00 87.43 68.31 34,255 51,686
Black gram RF Vavuniya Maha 2012/13 1,045 117.00 68.96 53.12 50,218 66,766
Brinjal IRR Anuradhapura Maha 2012/13 20,764 30.00 17.73 9.77 254,770 419,959
Cabbage IRR Nuwara Eliya Maha 2012/13 21,443 48.30 18.44 12.99 640,274 757,199
Capsicum IRR Badulla Maha 2012/13 12,288 92.80 33.34 14.88 730,693 957,481
Carrot IRR Nuwera Eliya Maha 2012/13 12,837 83.45 29.72 26.82 689,754 726,970
Cowpea RF Ampara Maha 2012/13 1,206 161.00 73.19 32.57 105,882 154,863
Gingelly RF Hambantota Maha 2012/13 798 204.00 86.12 35.05 94,081 134,847
Green Chilli RF Anuradhapura Maha 2012/13 6,615 163.00 35.36 14.40 844,299 982,942
Green Gram RF Hambantota Maha 2012/13 796 186.00 123.60 93.68 55,516 73,455
Ground Nuts RF Monaragala Maha 2012/13 1,601 116.00 81.55 47.72 55,165 109,329
Kurakkan RF Anuradhapura Maha 2012/13 1,142 113.40 85.24 40.09 32,147 83,687
Maize RF Ampara Maha 2012/13 3,751 28.57 24.17 15.19 16,519 50,194
Maize RF Anuradhapura Maha 2012/13 4,564 30.00 26.54 13.84 15,797 73,772
Maize RF Monaragala Maha 2012/13 4,636 29.00 24.93 20.50 18,871 39,380
Mukunuwenna IRR Colombo Maha 2012/13 332,574 (d) 10.00 (e) 3.32 (e) 1.23 (e) 2,220,945 2,917,824
Pole Beans IRR Badulla Maha 2012/13 12,073 73.00 29.40 15.24 526,392 697,329
Pole Beans RF Matale Maha 2012/13 5,340 67.20 59.12 34.08 43,169 176,847
Potatoes IRR Badulla Maha 2012/13 14,129 54.90 45.39 31.20 134,339 334,930
Potatoes IRR Nuwara Eliya Maha 2012/13 15,214 76.42 56.28 54.54 306,448 332,809
Pumpkin IRR Anuradhapura Maha 2012/13 12,698 19.90 12.82 9.16 89,942 136,333
Red Onions IRR Puttalam Maha 2012/13 8,500 105.00 49.03 43.22 475,761 525,154
Red Onions IRR Jaffna Maha 2012/13 14,532 54.75 33.84 31.82 303,863 333,206
Red Onions IRR Trincomalee Maha 2012/13 12,202 63.90 39.91 37.60 292,705 320,932
Tomatoes IRR Badulla Maha 2012/13 18,500 46.00 21.86 8.16 446,675 700,052

Big Onion IRR Matale Yala 2013 21,747 85.00 21.05 17.00 1,390,704 1,478,824
Bitter Gourd IRR Hambantota Yala 2013 13,358 71.00 39.31 22.78 423,332 644,121
Black gram IRR System H Yala 2013 1,018 163.50 105.90 78.01 58,637 87,029
Brinjal IRR Hambantota Yala 2013 22,318 36.10 18.54 11.35 392,002 552,477
Cabbage IRR Nuwara Eliya Yala 2013 25,320 20.00 14.09 9.88 149,646 256,119
Carrot IRR Nuwara Eliya Yala 2013 18,335 49.50 20.69 16.93 528,243 597,196
Cowpea RF Ampara Yala 2013 1,176 147.35 69.93 54.40 91,055 109,331
Gingelly RF Anuradhapura Yala 2013 850 127.00 46.94 29.43 68,054 82,934
Green Chilli IRR Anuradhapura Yala 2013 14,176 71.00 31.84 14.53 555,088 800,564
Maize IRR Badulla Yala 2013 5,508 35.00 28.21 16.42 37,401 102,317
Maize IRR System H Yala 2013 5,337 32.30 21.55 13.84 57,364 98,511
Manioc RF Gampaha Yala 2013 17,645 29.40 6.74 5.96 399,922 413,567
Pole Beans IRR Badulla Yala 2013 10,783 65.00 33.31 16.51 341,734 522,908
Potatoes IRR Badulla Yala 2013 15,812 77.00 41.01 19.37 569,014 911,268
Potatoes IRR Nuwara Eliya Yala 2013 15,649 78.00 52.08 45.02 405,674 516,108
Red onions IRR Jaffna Yala 2013 12,874 119.70 42.29 31.80 996,569 1,131,597
Red onions IRR Puttalam Yala 2013 10,129 121.00 48.07 43.89 738,634 781,044
Red onions IRR Trincomalee Yala 2013 14,327 152.00 36.72 31.67 1,651,574 1,723,957
Soya Beans IRR System H Yala 2013 2,928 76.00 46.16 30.47 87,370 133,310
Sweet potato IRR Matale Yala 2013 17,680 20.60 11.02 7.61 169,449 229,726
Tomatoes IRR Badulla Yala 2013 17,895 35.00 23.88 10.13 200,786 448,795
Tomatoes IRR Matale Yala 2013 17,042 44.60 16.68 9.87 475,888 591,862
(a) RF = Rainfed Source : Socio Economics and Planning Centre, Department of Agriculture
IRR = Irrigated
(b) Including imputed cost of farmer owned labour.
(c) Excluding imputed cost of farmer owned labour.
(d) Bundle / ha.
(e) Cost Rs. / bundle
48
AGRICULTURE
Table 5.9
Agricultural Crops Yields, Farmgate Prices and Costs of Cultivation 2014(a)
Irrigation District/ Yield Farmgate Unit Cost Net Return

Crop Type Area Season kg./ha Price Rs./kg. Rs./kg. Rs./ha.
(b) (c) (d) (c) (d)
Brinjal IRR Anuradhapura Maha 2013/14 20,529 33.70 18.10 9.67 320,155 493,283
Cabbage IRR Nuwara Eliya Maha 2013/14 21,997 37.50 17.41 10.77 441,832 588,054
Capsicum IRR Badulla Maha 2013/14 12,379 86.00 32.81 18.21 658,225 838,883
Cowpea RF Ampara Maha 2013/14 726 164.00 131.74 83.90 23,437 58,192
Green Gram RF Hambantota Maha 2013/14 806 217.00 121.63 97.46 76,821 94,177
Ground Nuts RF Monaragala Maha 2013/14 1,418 118.00 87.77 57.05 42,857 86,408
Maize RF Anuradhapura Maha 2013/14 4,656 31.70 24.30 15.39 34,434 75,938
Maize RF Monaragala Maha 2013/14 4,826 31.00 23.26 19.93 37,329 53,406
Pole Beans RF Matale Maha 2013/14 5,187 65.10 59.71 28.89 27,965 187,819
Potatoes IRR Badulla Maha 2013/14 14,148 64.00 47.25 37.15 236,950 379,869
Potatoes IRR Nuwara Eliya Maha 2013/14 19,395 100.00 42.97 38.41 1,106,071 1,194,494
Red Onions IRR Puttalam Maha 2013/14 9,538 64.00 49.12 45.32 141,954 178,162
Tomatoes IRR Badulla Maha 2013/14 20,838 25.00 21.13 10.54 80,690 301,292

Bitter Gourd IRR Hambantota Yala 2014 13,343 74.00 40.98 25.74 440,619 643,920
Brinjal IRR Hambantota Yala 2014 22,308 36.90 18.65 11.88 407,053 558,219
Cabbage IRR Nuwara Eliya Yala 2014 27,945 39.00 14.34 10.29 689,004 802,224
Carrot IRR Nuwara Eliya Yala 2014 14,380 73.00 28.73 22.15 636,568 731,248
Cowpea IRR Ampara Yala 2014 1,018 181.00 92.07 58.37 86,942 121,235
Pole Beans IRR Badulla Yala 2014 11,330 90.00 34.30 17.12 631,125 825,719
Potatoes IRR Badulla Yala 2014 15,734 75.00 43.64 27.88 493,363 741,341
Potatoes IRR Nuwara Eliya Yala 2014 16,438 83.00 51.01 44.16 525,893 638,515
Red onions IRR Puttalam Yala 2014 9,691 75.00 48.24 41.79 259,371 330,840
Soya Beans IRR System H Yala 2014 2,719 89.00 52.78 34.96 98,494 146,967
Tomatoes IRR Badulla Yala 2014 19,834 74.00 22.68 9.85 1,017,941 1,272,302
(a) Provisional Source : Socio Economics and Planning Centre, Department of Agriculture
(b) RF = Rainfed
IRR = Irrigated
(c) Including imputed cost of farmer owned labour.
(d) Excluding imputed cost of farmer owned labour.
49
AGRICULTURE
Table 5.10
Fish and Livestock 2006 2015
Item 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(a)
Fish Production, MT 251,270 291,050 319,120 339,730 384,670 444,830 486,170 512,840 535,050 520,190
Coastal 121,360 150,110 165,320 180,410 202,420 222,350 257,540 267,980 278,850 269,020
Deep Sea and Off-shore 94,620 102,560 109,310 112,760 129,840 162,920 159,680 177,950 180,450 183,870
Inland 35,290 38,380 44,490 46,560 52,410 59,560 68,950 66,910 75,750 67,300
Import of Fish Products (b)

Quantity, MT (000) Dried Fish 50 52 48 49 49 50 41 39 36 35
Other 27 35 29 27 34 33 31 40 43 85
Value, Rs. Mn. Dried Fish 5,482 6,274 6,275 7,869 7,607 8,404 8,935 11,251 8,918 11,103
Other 4,165 5,741 6,348 6,101 7,070 8,066 8,548 9,939 9,895 19,095

Cattle
Population, 000 1,185 1,206 1,196 1,137 1,170 1,192 1,236 1,169 1,106 1,088
Slaughtered, 000 (c) 188 186 164 168 204 162 174 170 151 167
Production of Milk, Litres Mn. 165 170 172 184 192 203 238 265 273 305

Buffaloes
Population, 000 314 318 319 372 423 405 415 381 321 323
Production of Milk, Litres Mn. 32 32 36 49 56 55 62 64 60 69

Sheep and Goats
Population, 000 395 405 387 385 381 384 393 341 307 317
Sheep 14 16 10 8 8 8 9 10 8 8
Goats 382 389 377 377 373 375 384 331 299 309
Slaughtered, 000 (c) 68 64 58 63 68 63 73 65 56 51

Pigs
Population, 000 92 94 89 81 84 82 89 81 108 70
Slaughtered, 000 (c) 31 32 21 22 20 25 30 30 24 23

Poultry
Population, 000 13,133 13,795 14,350 13,631 14,032 14,211 14,051 16,660 16,642 16,756
Duck 16 16 18 15 13 12 13 13 12 12
Chicken 13,117 13,779 14,331 13,615 14,018 14,199 14,039 16,647 16,630 16,744
Production of Eggs, 000 901,176 915,600 1,039,813 1,142,239 1,139,940 1,185,318 1,457,101 1,636,844 1,741,366 1,898,856

(b) From 2007 onwards categories are reclassified based on National Import Tariff Ministry of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources Development
Guide -2010. Sri Lanka Customs
(c) Only the number of animals slaughtered at licensed hiuses are included here.
Fish Production
300,000 600,000
200,000 400,000
MT
MT
100,000 200,000
0 0
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Off shore Coastal Inland Total Fish Production (right)
50
AGRICULTURE
Table 5.11
National Livestock Statistics by District 2014
Goat and
Cattle Buffaloes Poultry Pigs Sheep
District Number Cows Ave. Daily Number Cows Ave. Daily Number Ave. Monthly Number Number Number of
of Milking Milk Produc- of Milking Milk Produc- of Egg Production of of Goats and
Cattle at Present tion, Ltrs. Buffaloes at Present tion, Ltrs. Chickens 000 Ducks Swine Sheep
Colombo 11,690 3,980 10,620 9,250 3,010 10,600 735,070 4,994 1,455 6,880 3,310
Gampaha 32,090 8,790 32,510 9,960 1,450 5,180 1,667,660 10,964 1,590 21,420 11,870
Kalutara 18,190 5,020 10,750 17,060 4,680 9,810 704,470 6,271 415 6,360 9,700
Kandy 23,990 9,210 56,170 5,520 70 110 945,320 4,970 635 390 16,800
Matale 20,780 6,060 28,210 5,660 200 600 341,880 1,407 210 3,280 7,000
Nuwara Eliya 30,940 12,550 121,550 2,800 100 250 283,700 4,046 350 250 10,500
Galle 13,990 4,840 9,340 10,380 3,250 9,490 185,660 2,093 225 590 3,120
Matara 13,390 4,520 8,290 9,040 3,360 7,270 107,940 1,282 170 160 3,260
Hambantota 32,380 10,600 12,280 41,680 14,350 19,440 92,370 1,159 160 380 3,550
Jaffna 58,570 16,300 29,120 60 30 347,640 3,731 360 49,460
Kilinochchi 38,720 7,190 8,770 390 80 140 113,880 975 10 40 4,640
Mannar 39,770 9,530 13,340 930 350 510 91,550 998 1,120 40 7,290
Vavuniya 36,630 10,630 11,780 1,270 280 220 127,930 829 230 590 10,100
Mullaitivu 34,670 9,310 13,520 7,490 1,960 2,920 112,670 1,191 20 3,020
Batticaloa 72,410 23,540 29,980 25,250 8,690 13,370 176,480 1,497 595 24,580
Ampara 94,920 21,350 35,250 20,510 6,910 12,220 362,660 2,443 770 190 12,870
Trincomalee 51,160 13,280 18,150 24,660 7,170 14,050 179,810 1,650 1205 110 15,210
Kurunegala 136,900 32,930 92,750 16,790 2,480 6,190 6,559,790 69,771 495 11,230 27,860
Puttalam 60,930 12,820 34,300 9,460 1,990 4,050 1,822,570 14,054 995 49,470 28,090
Anuradhapura 97,940 26,580 61,160 33,140 9,230 21,010 427,420 2,136 215 1,680 15,440
Polonnaruwa 40,100 11,560 25,510 12,440 3,550 6,360 213,890 1,340 135 200 9,190
Badulla 62,900 14,850 60,900 2,840 130 70 206,270 1,938 130 320 13,150
Moneragala 52,750 10,710 14,400 37,270 12,970 23,390 242,440 949 60 330 3,170
Ratnapura 18,950 5,660 10,760 12,760 3,850 2,140 250,300 1,044 120 600 5,850
Kegalle 10,020 2,580 8,680 4,080 80 30 330,890 1,709 180 700 8,020
Total 1,104,780 294,390 758,090 320,690 90,220 169,420 16,630,260 143,441 11,850 105,210 307,050
Negligible Source : Department of Census and Statistics
Table 5.12
National Livestock Statistics by District 2015(a)
Goat and
Cattle Buffaloes Poultry Pigs Sheep
District Number Cows Ave. Daily Number Cows Ave. Daily Number Ave. Monthly Number Number Number of
of Milking Milk Produc- of Milking Milk Produc- of Egg Production of of Goats and
Cattle at Present tion, Ltrs. Buffaloes at Present tion, Ltrs. Chickens 000 Ducks Swine Sheep
Colombo 10,940 3,310 10,680 5,700 1,730 6,580 1,160,190 6,638 940 6,040 2,350
Gampaha 30,680 8,790 29,140 8,260 1,450 4,810 1,446,560 8,367 1,000 20,630 9,530
Kalutara 20,600 5,010 12,420 16,270 4,460 10,290 892,720 6,139 425 6,390 9,210
Kandy 22,530 9,310 56,970 4,770 100 120 801,400 6,610 635 160 16,900
Matale 22,600 6,100 28,180 4,570 310 270 352,840 1,949 145 2,940 6,770
Nuwara Eliya 36,590 13,700 128,140 2,880 90 120 296,790 5,279 355 190 9,610
Galle 14,730 4,680 11,850 9,910 3,330 8,370 198,330 2,421 200 730 3,600
Matara 13,340 4,190 5,510 7,840 2,600 4,450 100,860 1,228 115 60 3,100
Hambantota 30,350 9,610 13,690 40,860 14,250 27,640 112,000 1,411 235 520 3,040
Jaffna 62,800 17,200 28,680 420,540 3,533 305 52,630
Kilinochchi 40,950 8,700 9,940 440 100 210 121,010 1235 10 40 6,020
Mannar 46,130 10,940 16,650 1310 390 740 104,910 1076 1,605 50 9,270
Vavuniya 43,600 12,980 17,550 1,780 390 900 134,770 1152 385 490 10,210
Mullaitivu 44,400 12,770 18,350 9,770 2,570 5,900 117,660 1,296 45 5,220
Batticaloa 75,700 25,270 37,070 27,670 9,690 14,010 178,800 1,433 645 50 26,400
Ampara 95,140 21,730 37,740 21,720 7,230 14,860 360,850 2,838 810 350 12,990
Trincomalee 50,310 13,580 18,100 26,280 8,130 12,640 189,090 1,723 1,155 90 18,440
Kurunegala 106,470 29,840 119,490 21,050 3,030 8,630 6,140,790 80,854 535 6,980 22,800
Puttalam 60,720 12,820 40,420 10,000 2,230 5,360 1,855,160 12,902 950 19,080 30,860
Anuradhapura 97,580 27,920 69,700 36,830 10,040 28,980 426,440 2,325 365 2,170 17,460
Polonnaruwa 37,690 11,840 33,210 13,620 3,820 7,880 242,990 2,676 220 770 10,470
Badulla 49,230 12,800 60,840 2,110 190 80 192,570 1,552 110 270 12,420
Moneragala 47,160 9,830 17,700 33,610 11,610 22,840 278,900 803 90 430 3,190
Ratnapura 17,570 5,170 14,670 11,860 3,720 5,980 275,340 1,006 135 550 6,080
Kegalle 10,300 3,050 11,620 3,970 110 150 342,700 1,793 175 700 8,290
Total 1,088,110 301,140 848,310 323,080 91,570 191,810 16,744,210 158,238 11,590 69,680 316,860

Negligible
51
AGRICULTURE
Table 5.13
Livestock and Poultry Average Producer Prices 2014 Rupees
Livestock Livestock Full Grown

Province District Cow Buffalo Eggs Neat Cattle
Milk Milk each Buffaloes Goats Pigs Poultry
1 Ltr. 1 Ltr. (average) High Bred Other
Colombo 53.59 53.72 11.55 49,985.42 41,177.08 29,375.00 13,934.72 9,522.22 317.38
Western Gampaha 53.60 n.a. 12.12 n.a. 48,689.72 34,271.62 12,033.19 14,653.81 347.74
Kalutara 50.77 57.76 11.96 55,442.69 57,545.79 47,677.07 16,177.74 15,000.00 287.77
Kandy 50.86 50.0 12.06 49,083.33 50,055.23 25,444.11 9,333.61 n.a. 294.93
Central Matale 51.34 n.a. 11.95 35,168.83 52,317.69 29,363.85 21,979.91 14,305.55 313.69
Nuwara Eliya 55.81 55.0 11.89 n.a. 43,555.00 22,500.00 14,966.67 n.a. 324.72
Galle 57.06 64.21 11.98 52,251.71 48,414.16 39,117.66 10,395.83 n.a. 315.83
Southern Matara 58.14 65.35 12.23 31,188.02 40,833.33 22,655.04 9,113.33 7,500.00 320.31
Hambantota 54.40 69.00 12.29 27,145.83 34,333.33 18,239.58 7,416.67 n.a. 315.42
Jaffna 58.09 n.a. 13.95 n.a. 30,666.67 17,648.15 11,241.96 n.a. 511.65
Kilinochchi 51.10 n.a. 12.58 n.a. 61,055.45 30,750.00 16,206.21 n.a. 350.62
Northern Mannar 48.32 52.04 13.09 32,500.00 37,500.00 32,800.00 9,000.00 n.a. 350.00
Vavuniya 49.83 58.29 13.85 39,305.44 40,138.86 22,768.81 13,050.17 23,250.09 393.50
Mullaitivu 50.17 60.00 12.39 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.
Batticaloa 60.07 61.04 13.63 38,538.89 41,750.00 30,026.04 9,362.88 n.a. 457.81
Eastern Trincomalee 51.72 53.78 13.91 35,434.73 n.a. 28,417.64 8,165.92 7,500.00 427.58
Ampara 57.18 68.72 12.88 51,850.85 40,758.93 31,278.88 12,138.77 12,500.00 367.55
North Kurunegala 51.93 58.11 11.34 34,841.14 49,947.08 25,749.61 11,475.45 14,845.12 306.93
Western Puttalam 52.32 61.27 11.74 50,711.31 52,349.31 29,545.51 9,130.81 11,438.70 255.61
North Anuradhapura 52.52 58.16 12.35 39,712.76 49,916.35 29,411.00 10,956.68 16,221.06 296.70
Central Polonnaruwa 51.24 55.36 11.88 45,563.89 47,601.40 33,909.79 8,023.50 16,972.22 363.93
Uva Badulla 51.65 n.a. 12.39 n.a. 33,806.06 21,109.23 9,169.05 n.a. 366.63
Moneragala 53.30 66.40 12.82 36,111.11 48,888.89 22,125.00 14,333.33 22,000.00 315.08
Sabara- Ratnapura 58.27 65.46 12.23 36,916.67 39,055.56 26,608.33 14,997.22 13,000.00 300.50
gamuwa Kegalle 49.12 n.a. 12.25 38,701.36 47,421.64 31,845.34 12,344.75 7,825.00 334.72
Average Price 53.30 59.67 12.45 41,076.53 45,120.76 28,443.22 11,872.85 13,768.92 343.19
n.a. Not available Source : Department of Census and Statistics
Table 5.14
Livestock and Poultry Average Producer Prices 2015(a) Rupees
Livestock Livestock Full Grown
Province District Cow Buffalo Eggs Neat Cattle
Milk Milk each Buffaloes Goats Pigs Poultry
1 Ltr. 1 Ltr. (average) High Bred Other
Colombo 59.25 60.37 12.66 66,062.50 56,062.50 37,638.89 22,541.67 28,481.25 312.17
Western Gampaha 55.50 n.a. 13.54 46,546.80 53,795.09 40,875.93 14,512.59 16,671.63 380.75
Kalutara 56.24 62.29 13.33 61,709.97 60,950.00 49,423.61 18,933.33 17,500.00 293.18
Kandy 56.52 n.a. 12.93 44,666.67 50,016.62 27,846.27 10,148.91 n.a. 300.35
Central Matale 57.82 65.2 13.47 40,173.73 60,391.17 29,160.42 17,729.56 14,930.56 334.38
Nuwara Eliya 63.17 n.a. 12.94 n.a. 47,524.30 28,222.22 14,263.89 n.a. 285.42
Galle 57.58 64.26 13.01 56,238.40 51,740.03 41,870.36 13,000.00 n.a. 303.87
Southern Matara 62.36 69.44 13.56 34,856.00 28,222.22 21,273.75 10,127.75 n.a. 326.07
Hambantota 57.41 68.86 13.65 27,727.27 26,200.00 18,504.53 6,895.83 n.a. 410.86
Jaffna 59.99 n.a. 14.52 n.a. 25,944.44 17,198.47 10,208.16 n.a. 492.44
Kilinochchi 57.12 n.a. 12.80 n.a. 49,597.17 25,058.25 20,802.04 n.a. 395.29
Northern Mannar 61.95 66.64 14.12 34,166.67 37,663.89 27,305.56 8,754.44 7,000 420.00
Vavuniya 57.78 67.19 14.05 46,194.30 35,555.50 21,043.58 12,766.56 23,208.25 396.51
Mullaitivu 62.03 70.67 13.49 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.
Batticaloa 64.46 69.29 15.43 44,006.25 37,000.00 32,508.84 9,887.12 n.a. 535.49
Eastern Trincomalee 57.69 61.56 14.21 36,503.45 32,388.89 31,885.37 9,242.68 8,625.00 459.50
Ampara 63.35 74.41 13.98 56,435.58 43,397.92 39,286.46 13,962.86 9,500.00 372.16
North Kurunegala 57.78 62.55 12.73 40,158.54 56,221.32 32,376.34 13,327.49 24,549.10 286.26
Western Puttalam 60.17 68.33 12.87 50,202.43 58,820.31 32,554.69 9,556.56 13,638.93 578.94
North Anuradhapura 56.12 61.37 13.19 39,832.58 51,763.49 29,817.86 11,787.78 17,154.36 301.00
Central Polonnaruwa 61.63 65.45 13.21 53,274.63 61,339.26 42,836.28 11,697.53 24,550.00 354.37
Uva Badulla 57.14 65.00 13.48 25,000.00 35,565.81 21,218.55 12,662.06 11,000.00 358.07
Moneragala 56.59 70.26 13.69 35,000.00 35,000.00 35,750.00 17,083.33 n.a. 308.88
Sabara- Ratnapura 61.42 71.47 12.45 33,729.17 36,333.33 29,937.50 16,558.33 9,500.00 313.21
gamuwa Kegalle 53.07 n.a. 12.83 39,641.93 50,180.64 35,556.45 12,085.86 n.a. 330.78
Average Price 58.97 66.56 13.44 43,434.61 45,069.75 31,214.59 13,272.35 16,164.93 368.75
n.a. Not available
52
AGRICULTURE
Table 5.15
Fish Production by Province 2011 - 2015 Metric Tonnes
Year \ Province Western Central Southern Northern Eastern North North Uva Sabara- Total
Western
Central gamuwa
2011 Marine Fish 90,770 98,740 46,370 88,320 61,070 385,270

Inland Fish 430 1,360 3,600 2,150 10,670 11,140 22,740 4,480 2,990 59,560
Total 91,200 1,360 102,340 48,520 98,990 72,210 22,740 4,480 2,990 444,830
2012 Marine Fish 91,570 103,110 59,340 95,510 67,690 417,220
Inland Fish 1,200 4,030 5,140 2,810 9,290 11,400 27,210 5,320 2,550 68,950
Total 92,770 4,030 108,250 62,150 104,800 79,090 27,210 5,320 2,550 486,170
2013 Marine Fish 94,030 140,620 55,640 84,570 71,070 445,930
Inland Fish 1,369 3,043 8,137 3,539 11,225 13,160 17,160 7,506 1,771 66,910
Total 95,399 3,043 148,757 59,179 95,795 84,230 17,160 7,506 1,771 512,840
2014 Marine Fish 85,320 152,790 72,730 75,720 72,740 459,300
Inland Fish 1,244 2,029 7,090 3,583 12,199 10,719 23,883 11,009 3,994 75,750
Total 86,564 2,029 159,880 76,313 87,919 83,459 23,883 11,009 3,994 535,050
2015 (a) Marine Fish 75,380 156,530 72,560 70,800 77,620 452,890
Inland Fish 1,315 1,699 4,926 3,736 11,764 13,240 19,100 8,643 2,877 67,300
Total 76,695 1,699 161,456 76,296 82,564 90,860 19,100 8,643 2,877 520,190
(a) Provisional Source : Ministry of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources
Table 5.16
Operating Fishing Craft by Province and Type 2011 - 2015 Numbers
Year \ Province Western Central Southern Northern Eastern North North Uva Sabara- Total
Western
Central gamuwa
In board Engine Multi Day
2011 1,231 1,480 29 928 204 3,872
2012 864 2,341 55 583 398 4,241
2013 1,151 1,975 84 681 220 4,111
2014 1,211 2,154 266 574 242 4,447
2015 (a) 1,088 1,561 420 936 213 4,218
In board Engine Single Day

2011 146 127 330 357 160 1,120
2012 133 170 262 303 868
2013 127 158 118 352 47 802
2014 155 200 176 345 876
2015 (a) 120 141 248 207 3 719
Out board Engine Fibre Glass

2011 2,803 2,491 5,703 4,328 4,565 19,890
2012 3,032 2,334 7,220 5,423 5,086 23,095
2013 2,764 2,394 5,596 7,425 4,955 23,134
2014 3,034 2,654 9,844 3,411 5,039 23,982
2015 (a) 4,142 2,292 7,628 4,214 5,752 24,028
Traditional Mechanized

2011 90 830 1,126 542 372 2,960
2012 8 865 1,034 256 189 2,352
2013 283 542 777 666 246 2,514
2014 299 585 1,062 512 262 2,720
2015 (a) 12 509 774 415 162 1,872
Traditional Non-Mechanized

2011 3,046 2,134 4,307 8,280 3,650 21,417
2012 2,290 2,127 4,393 6,627 2,974 18,411
2013 2,657 467 3,352 4,467 11,068 4,619 2,151 741 161 29,703
2014 2,755 505 3,257 7,723 8,529 4,629 2,151 805 145 30,499
2015 (a) 2,453 516 3,366 7,638 6,840 4,305 2,226 853 160 28,357
Total Craft
2011 7,316 7,062 11,495 14,435 8,951 49,259
2012 6,327 7,837 12,964 13,192 8,647 48,967
2013 6,928 467 8,421 11,042 20,212 10,087 2,151 741 161 60,264
2014 7,454 505 8,850 19,071 13,371 10,172 2,151 805 145 62,524
2015 (a) 7,815 516 7,869 16,708 12,612 10,435 2,226 853 160 59,194
(a) Provisional Source : Ministry of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources
Note : Fresh Water Crafts included to Crafts list in 2013.
53
AGRICULTURE
Table 5.17
Cultivation Loans Refinance Credit Schemes(a)
(Position as at End of December)
Loans Granted (Rs.Mn.) Recoveries (Rs.Mn.) Per cent of Recoveries

Cultivation
Year Paddy Other Crops All Crops Paddy Other Crops All Crops Paddy Other Crops All Crops
1987 / 88 242 86 328 200 78 279 82.6 90.7 84.7

1988 / 89 167 86 253 157 79 236 94.1 82.1 93.4
1989 / 90 372 181 553 328 156 484 88.2 86.4 87.6
1990 / 91 588 234 822 503 190 694 86.0 81.0 84.0
1991 / 92 595 235 830 465 161 626 78.2 68.5 75.4
1992 / 93 569 255 824 461 188 649 81.0 73.7 78.8
1993 / 94 624 293 917 418 189 607 67.0 64.5 66.2
1994 / 95 723 257 980 597 176 773 82.6 68.5 78.9
1995 / 96 476 192 668 318 153 471 66.8 79.7 70.5
1996 / 97 412 178 590 325 151 476 78.9 84.8 80.7
1997 / 98 327 152 479 244 67 311 74.6 44.1 64.9
1998 / 99 312 151 463 235 71 306 75.3 47.0 66.1
1999 / 2000 557 204 761 492 181 673 88.3 88.7 88.4
2000 / 01 517 244 761 484 201 685 93.6 82.4 92.4
2001 / 02 591 233 824 570 215 785 96.4 92.3 95.3
2002 / 03 893 270 1,163 832 232 1,064 93.2 85.9 91.5
2003 / 04 982 475 1,457 853 424 1,277 86.9 89.3 87.6
2004 Yala 308 253 561 281 220 501 91.2 87.0 89.3
2004 / 2005 Maha 691 325 1,016 592 285 877 85.7 87.7 86.3
2005 Yala 467 303 770 421 265 686 90.2 87.5 89.1
2005 / 2006 Maha 552 387 939 503 347 850 91.1 89.7 90.5
2006 Yala 432 358 790 397 314 711 91.9 87.7 90.0
2006 / 2007 Maha 559 520 1,079 525 460 985 93.9 88.5 91.3
2007 Yala 598 472 1,070 543 421 964 90.8 89.2 90.1
2007 / 2008 Maha 807 977 1,784 782 886 1,668 96.9 90.7 93.5
2008 Yala 837 638 1,475 812 533 1,345 97.0 83.5 91.2
2008 / 2009 Maha 1,158 970 2,128 1,096 787 1,883 94.7 81.1 88.5
2009 Yala 760 599 1,359 710 549 1,259 93.4 91.7 92.6
2009 / 2010 Maha 1,402 857 2,259 1,280 734 2,014 91.3 85.7 89.2
2010 Yala 1,139 686 1,825 832 343 1,175 73.0 50.0 64.4
2010 / 2011 Maha 2,443 1,503 3,946 2,396 977 3,373 98.1 65.0 85.5
2011 Yala 1,975 1,250 3,224 1,796 1,102 2,897 90.9 88.1 89.9
2011 / 2012 Maha 3,752 2,534 6,286 3,046 2,168 5,214 81.2 85.6 82.9
2012 Yala 1,775 2,009 3,783 1,521 1,657 3,177 85.7 82.5 84.0
2012 / 2013 Maha 3,527 3,117 6,644 2,625 2,209 4,833 74.4 70.9 72.8
2013 Yala 1,900 1,328 3,228 1,830 1,202 3,031 96.3 90.5 93.9
2013 / 2014 Maha 3,174 1,978 5,152 2,698 1,780 4,477 85.0 90.0 86.9
2014 Yala 1,588 1,307 2,894 1,493 1,114 2,607 94.0 85.3 90.1
2014 / 2015 Maha(b) 3,114 3,647 6,762 2,735 2,430 5,165 87.8 66.6 76.4
2015 Yala(b) 2,088 3,245 5,333 1,606 1,477 3,082 76.9 45.5 57.8
(a) Credit Schemes: From 1973 to Yala 1986 Comprehensive Rural Credit Scheme. Sources : Bank of Ceylon
Since Yala 1986 New Comprehensive Rural Credit Scheme. Commercial Bank
(b) Provisional data Recovery is in progress. DFCC Bank
Hatton National Bank
Lankaputhra Development Bank
National Development Bank
Peoples Bank
Regional Development Bank
Sampath Bank
SANASA Development Bank
Seylan Bank
Union Bank
54
AGRICULTURE
Table 5.18
Plantation Sector Manpower, Extent, Production and Yield 2006 2014
Category \ Year 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014(a)
Manpower
JEDB Staff Grades 430 416 393 375 375 370 389 379 355
Labour Grades 6,684 6,402 6,055 5,693 5,810 5,807 5,482 5,285 5,429
SLSPC Staff Grades 404 362 331 317 256 272 320 265 255
Labour Grades 6,152 5,607 5,564 5,424 4,812 4,567 4,274 4,220 3,932
Plantation Staff Grades 12,811 12,266 12,888 12,162 12,446 11,442 11,621 11,207 11,163
Companies Labour Grades
231,845 218,841 217,035 200,439 202,204 196,861 183,656 175,660 171,510
Total Staff Grades 13,645 13,044 13,612 12,854 13,077 12,084 12,330 11,851 11,773
Labour Grades
244,681 230,850 228,654 211,556 212,826 207,235 193,412 185,165 180,871
% of Labour 95 95 94 94 94 94 94 94 94
Total Extent and

Manpower
Total Land Extent (ha.) JEDB 11,851 11,762 11,742 11,792 11,757 6,181 4,524 4,646 6,439
Managed by SLSPC 9,658 9,696 9,696 9,690 9,846 6,168 4,043 6,101 5,831
Plantation Companies (b) 232,511 219,471 230,550 230,655 230,704 172,288 166,548 170,541 171,302
Average extent (ha.) JEDB 697 692 691 694 692 364 266 258 358
per Estate SLSPC 805 808 808 808 821 514 337 469 449
Plantation Companies (b) 568 566 575 577 577 429 418 431 433
Average Manpower JEDB 418 401 379 357 364 363 345 315 321
per Estate SLSPC 546 498 491 478 423 403 383 345 322
Plantation Companies (b) 598 573 573 532 537 518 491 442 432

Total Extent Bearing (ha.)
Tea JEDB 4,209 4,137 4,147 4,146 3,949 3,936 3,927 3,781 4,025
SLSPC 3,949 4,025 3,997 3,523 3,495 3,928 3,954 2,900 2,841
Rubber JEDB 447 416 396 396 362 363 363 367 408
SLSPC 67 65 65 65 65 65 65 65
Coconut JEDB 42 42
SLSPC 2 2

Production (000 mt)
Made Tea JEDB 5.3 3.4 3.8 4.3 4.3 5.9 2.2 2.2 1.9

Production by SLSPC 2.1 1.9 1.6

Other State Agencies 14.2 7.0 7.9 1.5 3.2 3.7 2.1
Plantation Companies 128.3 76.4 79.1 115.4 136.2 122.9 118.8 123.6 118.0
Private 163.0 224.8 235.9 164.4 183.0 197.2 202.1 208.6 214.4
Total 310.8 304.6 318.7 291.1 331.4 327.5 328.4 340.0 338.0
Rubber Production by JEDB 0.30 0.30 0.28 0.20 0.30 0.20 0.21 0.22 0.24
SLSPC 0.02 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.05 0.03 0.05 0.04
Plantation Companies (b) 34.5 37.8 33.8 32.5 32.2 31.3 29.5 29.3 26.6
Private 74.4 79.5 95.1 104.1 120.4 126.6 122.4 100.8 71.8
Total 109.2 117.6 129.2 136.9 153.0 158.2 152.1 130.4 98.6
Coconut Mn/Nuts Plantation Companies (b) 40 40 38 41 40 37 41 28 36
Production by Private 2,745 2,829 2,871 2,812 2,277 2,771 2,899 2,485 2,834
Total 2,785 2,869 2,909 2,853 2,317 2,808 2,940 2,513 2,870

Yield (kg./ha.)
Tea JEDB 565 581 686 517 587 542 575 586 476
SLSPC 670 669 769 519 583 582 716 665 547
National 1,386 1,356 1,421 1,312 1,478 1,475 1,688 1,757 1,736
Rubber JEDB 704 755 708 542 777 661 570 610 589
SLSPC 244 889 754 492 692 618
Plantation Companies (b) 833 1,048 958 919 884 939 908 936 752
National 1,128 1,261 1,382 1,437 1,582 1,555 1,459 1,245 914
Coconut (Nuts/ha.) Plantation Companies (b) 4,082 4,203 3,962 4,501 4,284 3,979 4,111 3,242 3,420
National 7,054 7,266 8,795 6,995 6,544 6,365 7,269
JEDB Janatha Estate Development Board Source : Ministry of Plantation Industries

SLSPC Sri Lanka State Plantation Corporation
(a) Provisional
(b) The figures of Plantation companies includes the data of Kurunegala,
Chilaw & Elkaduwa Plantations. Those Plantations are privatised
but managed by the Government.
55
AGRICULTURE
Table 5.19
Settlements and Land Cultivated under Mahaweli Programme 2006 2015
Item 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014(a) 2015(b)
Settlements (Families)
System B (LB) 2,217 1,049 396 1,360 909 726 658 608
System C 10 25 253 107 1,612 199 481 1,373 20
System D 321 53
System G 101 96 191 98 3
System H 54 5 5 290
System L 569 485 1,426 630 2,429 64
Udawalawe ( LB + RB) 2,005 2,374 2,931 354 340 143 10 221 40
26 2 88 62 5
Victoria / Kotmale / Rambakenoya 14
Hurulu Wewa Dambulla 295 360

Land Cultivated (Hectares)
System H 68,897 70,455 67,529 49,964 67,838 70,993 59,509 67,367 38,789 51,311
Paddy 48,767 44,156 51,263 36,729 50,508 53,119 44,100 47,172 26,355 42,040
Other Crops 20,130 26,299 16,266 13,235 17,330 17,874 15,409 20,195 12,434 9,271
System C 44,540 45,622 46,685 35,813 46,617 46,163 46,171 47,122 39,639 47,403
Paddy 42,294 43,187 43,184 31,949 44,702 45,645 44,554 44,244 33,990 44,900
Other Crops 2,246 2,435 3,501 3,864 1,915 518 1,617 2,878 5,649 2,503
System B 32,559 34,451 35,920 33,024 41,222 41,331 40,591 37,407 32,086 40,519
Paddy 31,512 31,269 33,875 30,370 38,512 38,039 37,898 34,044 30,139 41,332
Other Crops 1,047 3,182 2,045 2,654 2,710 3,292 2,693 3,363 1,947 1,187
System G 11,022 11,123 11,223 8,496 11,522 10,444 6,305 10,020 7,931 12,535
Paddy 9,580 9,235 9,727 7,641 10,132 9,356 5,362 8,889 7,326 11,168
Other Crops 1,442 1,888 1,496 855 1,390 1,088 943 1,131 605 1,367
System L 1,258 1,265 953 1,436 2,167 1,767 3,050 3,437 1,320 3,303
Paddy 1,160 951 777 1,121 1,557 999 2,054 2,437 715 2045
Other Crops 98 314 176 315 610 768 996 1,000 605 713
Udawalawe 34,738 36,564 39,059 40,394 43,338 45,229 43,333 45,839 26,489 28,836
Paddy 19,388 18,911 20,147 21,583 27,081 27,956 24,799 24,444 22,092 24,804
Other Crops 15,350 17,653 18,912 18,811 16,257 17,273 18,534 21,395 4,397 4,032
System D & Rambaken Oya 249 2792

Paddy 116 1144
Other Crops 133 1648
Total 193,014 199,480 201,369 169,127 212,704 215,927 198,959 211,192 146,503 186,699
Paddy 152,701 147,709 158,973 129,393 172,492 175,114 158,767 161,230 120,733 167,433
Other Crops 40,313 51,771 42,396 39,734 40,212 40,813 40,192 49,962 25,770 20,721
(a) Revised Source : Mahaweli Authority of Sri Lanka

(b) Provisional
LB Left Bank
RB Right Bank
56
INDUSTRY
Table 6.1
Sugar 2006 2015
Item 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(a)
Sugar Cane
Total Area (with ratoons), Ha. 8,831 7,544 7,294 7,320 7,360 6,992 9,208 11,801 12,608 12,325
Area Harvested, Ha. 8,390 6,185 6,271 6,200 5,988 6,024 7,034 9,329 11,045 9,042
Cane Harvested, 000 MT 462 264 348 287 272 290 348 534 576 572
Average Yield per Hectare, MT 56 48 56 47 50 45 54 67 75 90
Sugar Production, MT 56,019 29,544 39,378 32,168 31,336 34,875 35,659 53,061 52,318 55,982
Sevanagala 18,609 12,184 10,978 8,718 8,602 6,015 9,631 14,190 14,417 14,377
Pelwatta 37,410 17,360 28,400 23,450 22,734 28,860 22,712 28,358 17,964 27,612
Galoya 3,316 10,513 19,937 13,994
Cost of Sugar Production, Rs./kg.

Sevanagala 41.00 48.00 58.32 63.00 65.00 n.a. 68.00 98.00 104.76 99.09
Pelwatta 44.00 44.56 83.66 96.36 93.80 82.00 112.00 104.00 161.62 132.39
Galoya 91.00 98.15 102.52 134.62

Sugar Imports (b)
Volume, MT 000 525 478 571 466 548 606 569 548 520 624
Value, Rs. Mn. 23,256 16,753 21,988 25,045 41,077 47,091 43,872 37,187 33,332 34,164
Import Price (C&F), Rs./MT 44,297 35,067 38,533 53,717 74,987 77,764 77,149 67,904 64,142 54,753
Sugar Availability, MT 000 579.57 506.15 608.66 494.42 579.12 640.88 604.66 601.06 572.00 679.98
Per Capita, kg. 27.89 25.29 30.11 24.18 28.04 30.71 29.84 29.34 27.66 32.43

(b) From 2007 onwards categories are reclassified based on Pelwatta Sugar Industries Ltd.
National Import Tariff Guide - 2010. Sevanagala Sugar Industries Ltd.
n.a. Not available Galoya Plantations Pvt. Ltd.
Sri Lanka Customs
Table 6.2
Milk and Milk Products 2006 2015
Item 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(a)
Milk Collection, Litres 000 84,902 87,847 87,845 91,844 99,410 95,710 68,386 66,234 61,478 64,583
Milk Industries of Lanka Co., Ltd. 53,460 54,040 53,590 54,870 55,530 52,813 68,386 66,234 61,478 64,583
Nestle Lanka Ltd. 31,442 33,807 34,255 36,974 43,880 42,897 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.
Finished Products
Liquid Milk, Litres 000 13,562 15,091 13,585 13,837 23,190 18,965 7,768(b) 6,859(b)
6,063 5,927
Pasteurised Milk 7,922 8,943 8,692 8,217 7,427 6,931 3,574(b) 3,263(b)
3,163 3,900
Sterilised Milk 5,640 6,148 4,893 5,620 15,763 12,034 4,194(b) 3,596(b)
2,900 2,027
Condensed Milk, Kgs. 000 4,031 3,637 4,743 4,137 4,621(b)
4,188(b)
4,076 3,495
Milk Powder, Kgs. 000 (c)
31,916 35,531 7,886 8,421 9,593 8,720 14,242 13,185 11,878 11,113
Imports of Milk Products (d)

Infant Milk Food, MT 1,866 1,114 1,343 1,442 911 1,756 1,446 1,545 1,172 1,613
Other Milk Food, MT 000 73 66 66 65 76 88 84 69 71 86
(a) Provisional Sources : Ceylon Cold Stores Ltd.

(b) Excluding NLL. Milk Industries of Lanka Co. Ltd. (MILCO)
Nestle Lanka Ltd. (NLL)
(c) This figure includes imported powdered milk and other powdered malt products upto 2007. Sri Lanka Customs
From 2008 onwards, includes only domestic productions.
(d) From 2007 onwards categories are reclassified based on National Import Tariff Guide - 2010.
n.a. Not available
57
INDUSTRY
Table 6.3
Textiles 2007 2015
Item 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(a)
Exports of Textiles and Garments (b)

Yarn Mn. kgs. 15 15 17 15 17 18 19 22 21
Rs. Mn.
4,990 4,766 4,808 5,621 6,272 7,461 7,543 8,844 8,555
Fabric Mn. kgs. 13 12 19 18 17 13 15 16 17
Rs. Mn.
6,732 7,177 6,365 7,958 9,363 11,807 15,917 11,791 13,813
Fibre Mn. kgs. 57 80 6 9 12 7 6 12 11
Rs. Mn.
2,004 2,756 239 368 504 392 564 3,231 3,609
Other Made Up Textile Mn. kgs. 13 14 11 15 19 40 11 12 15
Articles Rs. Mn.
7,574 6,295 4,858 6,124 6,579 6,735 7,363 8,472 10,013
Garments Mn. kgs. 683 721 678 716 815 758 883 922 1005
Rs. Mn. 347,873 355,995 358,374 359,113 440,791 482,212 551,659 611,350 618,803

Total Exports Rs. Mn. 3

69,173 376,990 374,645 379,185 463,509 508,607 583,046 643,688 654,794

Export Markets
(% of Value of Garment Exports)
USA 49.9 45.2 41.2 40.8 39.5 39.9 42.9 42.5 46.3
Germany 4.5 4.9 5.7 5.5 5.2 5.0 4.4 3.9 4.3
UK 24.9 26.4 27.0 25.2 23.1 23.3 21.1 19.3 17.9
France 1.9 1.7 1.8 1.7 2.0 2.4 2.7 3.5 2.4
Netherland 1.6 1.4 1.9 2.8 1.8 1.1 1.4 1.9 2.1
Canada 1.3 1.4 1.3 1.7 1.8 2.0 1.8 1.6 1.8
Italy 8.8 9.9 11.2 11.0 12.1 10.9 9.6 10.7 7.8

Imports of Textiles and Textile Articles (b)
Yarn Mn. kgs. 57 67 61 71 62 66 61 71 82
Rs. Mn.
23,490 28,134 25,002 35,800 38,358 40,631 37,782 44,484 48,064
Fabric Mn. kgs. 211 201 181 197 224 217 205 216 232
Rs. Mn. 151,538 152,269 137,148 155,780 203,883 234,192 210,863 240,882 242,395

Fibre Mn. kgs. 9 8 8 7 7 7 11 22 37
Rs. Mn.
2,461 2,441 2,131 2,282 2,650 2,486 3,452 6,702 10,912
Clothing Accessories Mn. kgs. 4 3 3 3 4 6 3 3 3
Rs. Mn.
6,714 6,555 7,384 6,606 7,036 7,502 6,424 5,968 5,304
Silk, Wool, Cotton, etc., Mn. kgs. 9 4 4 5 6 7 7 8 9
in raw form Rs. Mn.
3,809 1,742 1,832 1,893 2,159 2,317 2,420 2,825 2,785
Textile Articles Mn. kgs. 2 2 1 1 2 5 2 2 2
Rs. Mn.
2,882 2,624 2,183 2,181 2,507 2,418 3,360 3,047 2,505
Total Value of Imports Rs. Mn. 190,894 193,764 175,681 204,542 256,592 289,546 264,302 303,907 311,965

(a) Provisional Sources : Sri Lanka Customs

(b) From 2007 onwards categories are reclassified based on National Import Tariff Guide 2010.
Textiles Garment Exports
700
Other Countries
12% Italy
8%
500 Germany
4%
Rs. Bn.
300 EU Belgium-
42% Luxembourg
4%
100
UK France
18% 2%
0
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
USA
46% Other
Exports of Textiles Imports of Textiles 6%
& Garments & Textile Articles
58
INDUSTRY
Table 6.4
Petroleum 2006 2015
Item 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(a)
Crude Oil Imports

Quantity, MT 000 2,152 1,968 1,853 2,066 1,819 2,070 1,486 1,743 1,824 1,763
Value (C & F), Rs.Mn. 106,626 113,584 143,159 111,715 120,180 183,056 157,758 182,064 187,760 100,578

Refined Products Imports (b)
Quantity, MT 000 2,222 2,324 2,396 2,162 2,882 3,501 3,961 2,907 3,385 3,321
Value (C & F), Rs.Mn. 136,282 164,169 222,235 138,190 222,273 335,225 467,058 352,984 391,651 244,148

Processed in Sri Lanka, MT 000
Petrol 194 163 164 179 158 206 152 144 152 154
Kerosene 144 97 111 83 93 93 75 57 65 75
Furnace Oil 766 772 732 781 686 779 648 724 641 552
Auto Diesel 628 445 451 485 442 501 411 390 496 510
Marine and Heavy Diesel
Aviation Fuel (Avtur) 131 171 154 195 126 155 93 125 168 155
Liquid Petroleum Gas 16 16 24 23 24 17 20 28 7
Asphalts (Bitumen) 40 45 42 35 46 27 5
Naptha (Chemical) 109 92 100 105 84 80 71 87 117 135
Solvents 5 3 17 2 3 4 n.a. 3 2
Locally Blended Lubrication Oil

Exports, Rs. Mn. 19,580 18,791 27,553 15,447 29,761 61,170 58,902 55,128 44,132 50,461
(a) Provisional Sources : Ceylon Petroleum Corporation

(b) Excluding coal. and other Exporters and Importers of Petroleum
n.a. Not available Sri Lanka Customs
Table 6.5
Minerals 2006 2015
Item 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014(a) 2015(b)
Precious & Semi Precious Stones

Exports, Rs. Mn. 10,067.3 11,567.5 8,259.8 7,912.3 7,944.5 10,523.0 14,982.2 16,765.0 22,582.9 22,234.5
Gem Exports 9,853.2 11,364.7 8,096.2 7,754.3 7,802.1 10,375.7 14,757.6 16,643.8 22,442.7 22,132.2
Geuda Exports 214.1 202.8 163.6 158.0 142.4 147.3 224.6 121.2 140.2 102.3
Tourist Sales, Rs. Mn. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.
Graphite Production, MT (c) 7,956 6,152 6,136 915 766 842 1,018 848 3,819 4,212
Exports Quantity, MT 5,077 5,152 5,176 3,018 3,231 3,341 3,094 3,083 3,116 2,834
Value, Rs. Mn. 297 420 378 260 454 479 561 569 615 531
Average Price, Rs./MT 58,629 81,603 73,055 86,011 140,533 143,376 181,346 184,487 197,463 187,236
Local Sales Quantity, MT 93 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.
Value, Rs.000 2,279 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.
Ilmenite Production, MT (d) 26,098 70,728 56,824 31,967 53,361 68,085 44,707 42,685 32,972 39,439
Exports Quantity, MT 77,286 35,480 16,731 74,074 36,692 (a)
38,122 51,187 15,806 26,956 40,909
Value, Rs. Mn. 508 270 214 414 344 (a) 923 2,000 436 480 418
Rutile Production, MT 2,964 4,607 3,405 2,133 2,493 1,970 1,590 1,406 2,111 1,808
Exports Quantity, MT 1,559 5,393 6,090 6,661 2,608 (a)
2,302 1,648 1,040 2,753 1,170
Value, Rs. Mn. 97 265 231 163 189 (a) 295 516 151 330 119
(a) Revised Sources : Lanka Mineral Sands Ltd.

(b) Provisional National Gem and Jewellery Authority
(c) Does not include data from Bogala Graphite Lanka Ltd. from 2009. Bogala Graphite Lanka Ltd.
(d) Includes production of Hi-Ti-Ilmenite from 2010. Kahatagaha Graphite Lanka Ltd.
n.a. Not available Sri Lanka Customs
59
INDUSTRY
Table 6.6
Cement 2006 2015
Item 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(a)
Local Production
Production Volume, MT 000 1,544 1,637 1,572 1,453 1,740 1,974 2,084 1,910 1,884 2,287
Imports
Volume, MT 000 1,849 2,117 2,004 1,702 2,012 2,584 3,796 4,123 4,363 4,092
Value, Rs. Mn.
11,796 14,976 16,784 14,042 14,856 22,222 33,337 40,536 41,304 39,372
Imports Price (C&F), Rs. per MT 6,378 7,075 8,375 8,250 7,385 8,599 8,783 9,832 9,468 9,622
Price, Rs. per MT (Annual Avg.) (b) 7,926 8,854 10,338 11,279 9,855 10,720 13,097 13,787 13,902 13,160
(a) Provisional Sources : Holcim (Lanka) Limited

(b) Ex-factory price per MT Tokyo Cement Company Lanka PLC
Sri Lanka Customs
Table 6.7
Electricity 2006 2015
Item 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(a)
Installed Capacity, MW 2,434 2,444 2,645 2,684 2,817 3,148 3,312 3,362 3,932 3,850
CEB Hydro 1,207 1,207 1,207 1,207 1,207 1,207 1,357 1,361 1,377 1,377
Fuel Oil (b) 548 548 548 548 548 554 554 564 544 604
Coal 300 300 300 900 900
Other 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
Private Hydro - Small 107 117 138 172 175 194 227 267 288 307
Fuel Oil (c) 567 567 737 742 842 842 784 771 671 511
Other 12 12 42 48 87 96 150 149
Maximum Demand, MW 1,893 1,842 1,922 1,868 1,955 2,163 2,146 2,164 2,152 2,283
Units Generated, GWh 9,389 9,814 9,901 9,882 10,714 11,528 11,801 11,898 12,357 13,090
CEB Hydro 4,290 3,603 3,700 3,356 4,988 4,018 2,727 5,990 3,632 4,904
Fuel Oil (b) 1,669 2,336 2,083 2,091 1,394 1,494 2,029 1,283 1,696 1,051
Coal 1,038 1,404 1,469 3,202 4,443
Other 2 2 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 1
Private Hydro - Small 345 344 428 525 646 601 565 916 902 1,064
Fuel Oil (c) 3,082 3,528 3,680 3,883 3,601 4,253 4,906 1,977 2,610 1,225
Other 6 23 83 121 168 260 313 401
Sales, GWh 7,832 8,276 8,417 8,441 9,268 10,024 10,475 10,621 11,063 11,786
Domestic and Religious 2,622 2,771 2,799 2,927 3,186 3,430 3,577 3,546 3,585 3,943
Industrial 2,605 2,627 2,678 2,518 2,870 3,131 3,285 3,344 3,498 3,608
Small Units 178 195 202 219 232 252 272 274 275 291
Medium Units 1,419 1,384 1,386 1,316 1,473 1,574 1,628 1,676 1,726 1,812
Large Units 1,014 1,049 1,090 983 1,165 1,306 1,385 1,394 1,497 1,504
General Purpose and Hotel (d) 1,395 1,626 1,703 1,768 1,903 2,087 2,202 2,316 2,520 2,681
LECO 1,111 1,144 1,130 1,120 1,201 1,267 1,302 1,308 1,352 1,446
Street Lighting 98 108 108 108 108 109 109 108 108 108
(a) Provisional Source : Ceylon Electricity Board

(b) Data from 2011 had been split as fuel oil and coal power, as coal power generation commenced in 2011.
Up to 2013, both fuel oil based power and coal based power were considered as thermal power.
(c) Inclusive of Independent Power Producers (IPP).
(d) Data from 2013 include sales to government category.
60
INDUSTRY
Table 6.8
Gross Generation of Electricity by Power Stations 2014 and 2015
Capacity
Power Station Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Total
MW
CEB Generation in 2014, GWh
Hydro
Laxapana Complex
Canyon 60.00 4.47 0.11 4.83 1.25 0.00 0.00 11.69 21.00 15.84 14.26 14.75 13.05 101.25
Old Laxapana 50.00 25.35 24.78 5.01 10.39 13.54 23.34 30.80 31.81 21.44 32.99 37.50 35.35 292.31
New Laxapana 100.00 15.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 36.89 51.38 55.29 54.29 51.49 39.70 304.09
Wimalasurendra 50.00 10.80 10.72 1.78 3.89 5.43 5.46 9.59 10.76 6.73 12.06 16.39 21.28 114.89
Polpitiya 75.00 21.31 13.43 8.36 6.82 6.90 21.05 40.17 46.62 38.28 45.75 45.69 38.12 332.49
Sub Total 335.00 76.97 49.05 19.97 22.35 25.87 49.88 129.13 161.56 137.60 159.35 165.82 147.49 1,145.03
Mahaweli Complex
Ukuwela 40.00 13.05 8.04 7.36 4.13 4.58 15.30 19.70 21.58 10.50 11.10 11.13 10.34 136.80
Bowetanne 40.00 2.83 1.52 1.32 1.10 2.52 2.66 4.21 5.19 1.56 7.46 11.84 21.07 63.29
Victoria 210.00 51.76 46.70 27.82 27.61 25.05 10.38 18.47 13.63 15.83 36.50 136.92 137.69 548.34
Upper Kotmale 150.00 16.55 7.59 8.92 8.02 13.16 34.55 34.53 52.01 26.75 50.42 51.19 59.19 362.87
Kotmale 201.00 23.70 17.32 14.63 1.86 1.64 19.13 52.68 67.26 20.65 49.97 59.90 55.71 384.45
Randenigala 122.00 25.65 28.50 25.80 11.92 12.97 17.61 27.49 7.02 1.94 6.60 24.67 60.08 250.24
Rantambe 49.00 13.05 12.42 11.32 6.12 7.91 7.68 13.17 3.84 0.95 6.76 15.12 29.51 127.85
Sub Total 812.00 146.59 122.09 97.17 60.76 67.82 107.31 170.24 170.52 78.19 168.81 310.76 373.57 1,873.84
Samanalawewa 120.00 23.36 32.74 36.03 24.84 17.71 18.20 17.17 10.69 4.11 4.44 17.01 52.21 258.50
Kukule 70.00 15.13 6.78 9.15 16.87 23.80 39.54 22.09 40.24 34.45 52.05 39.37 41.99 341.46
Mini Hydro (CEB)
Inginiyagala 11.25 3.00 1.53 0.45 3.29 2.16 2.66 1.05 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.30 0.00 14.48
Uda Walawe 6.00 2.40 1.72 0.38 0.00 0.73 0.84 0.18 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.92 8.17
Nilambe 3.20 0.36 0.01 0.03 0.19 0.35 0.29 0.18 0.59 0.46 1.70 2.10 2.00 8.24
Sub Total 20.45 5.77 3.26 0.86 3.48 3.24 3.79 1.40 0.64 0.46 1.70 2.40 3.92 30.89
Total Hydro 1,357.45 267.83 213.91 163.19 128.29 138.44 218.70 340.03 383.65 254.80 386.34 535.36 619.18 3,649.72
Wind Power 3.00 0.10 0.17 0.21 0.06 0.16 0.28 0.37 0.32 0.24 0.12 0.06 0.04 2.13
Thermal
Kelanitissa: Steam
Gas 100.00 2.28 8.41 8.52 6.61 2.77 0.19 4.21 0.63 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.00 33.63
Gas (New) 115.00 33.01 40.89 36.12 13.76 29.56 8.04 42.16 3.32 0.00 0.00 0.98 0.43 208.25
Combined Cycle 165.00 85.04 53.04 66.95 93.17 61.31 94.88 110.68 66.66 74.08 26.05 18.33 0.00 750.18
Sapugaskanda 80.00 36.10 36.06 37.65 24.78 19.02 14.86 14.49 23.07 21.32 9.74 0.00 0.00 237.10
Sapugaskanda Ext. 80.00 42.03 39.00 41.70 40.45 38.10 35.26 21.23 42.77 39.39 35.72 28.05 15.52 419.22
Uthuru Janani 24.00 15.38 14.42 15.66 12.40 13.80 9.41 0.00 2.01 4.36 3.94 3.33 1.05 95.77
Total Thermal Oil 564.00 213.84 191.82 206.60 191.17 164.56 162.64 192.77 138.46 139.15 75.47 50.69 17.00 1,744.17
Puttalam Coal 300.00 40.35 123.03 258.18 399.80 404.93 378.14 269.41 249.98 431.45 411.84 277.63 280.24 3,524.95
Total Thermal 864.00 254.18 314.83 464.79 590.96 569.49 540.78 462.16 388.45 570.60 487.31 328.32 297.24 5,269.10
Total CEB 2,224.45 522.11 528.91 628.19 719.32 708.10 759.76 802.56 772.42 825.64 873.77 863.74 916.46 8,920.95
Private
Mini Hydro (Private) 193.60 46.10 21.48 22.11 33.41 56.22 87.20 81.76 103.39 81.00 128.70 115.75 125.06 902.17
NCRE (a) 47.12 14.70 12.99 16.58 7.92 31.43 50.75 52.73 40.94 40.11 13.89 11.48 19.68 313.19
Thermal 841.50 424.00 368.24 426.40 265.18 312.45 183.35 178.41 171.38 143.14 85.81 43.22 8.04 2,609.63
Total Private 1,082.22 484.80 402.70 465.10 306.51 400.10 321.30 312.91 315.71 264.25 228.40 170.45 152.77 3,824.99
Grand Total 3,306.67 1,006.91 931.61 1,093.28 1,025.83 1,108.20 1,081.05 1,115.47 1,088.13 1,089.88 1,102.17 1,034.18 1,069.23 12,745.94
CEB
Hydro
Laxapana Complex
Generation in 2015, GWh
Canyon 60.00 17.45 18.26 15.12 7.10 9.48 10.22 7.29 8.29 7.30 9.00 12.83 14.62 136.96
Old Laxapana 50.00 28.13 18.56 20.86 34.97 36.47 20.27 13.94 20.85 18.18 29.07 37.21 36.47 314.97
New Laxapana 100.00 54.81 53.64 45.57 24.03 31.49 36.60 32.14 31.40 32.29 38.09 47.19 49.17 476.41
Wimalasurendra 50.00 12.18 7.77 8.70 15.33 15.93 7.06 2.16 6.96 4.51 10.42 24.33 16.08 131.42
Polpitiya 75.00 39.42 32.90 29.37 29.26 33.63 27.41 23.33 25.23 25.90 36.49 42.97 42.59 388.50
Sub Total 335.00 151.99 131.12 119.62 110.69 126.99 101.55 78.86 92.73 88.18 123.06 164.52 158.93 1,448.25
Mahaweli Complex
Ukuwela 40.00 14.67 12.57 3.88 12.30 16.32 19.25 23.71 19.75 4.54 8.39 13.24 6.29 154.89
Bowetanne 40.00 10.04 4.86 2.48 3.28 6.07 4.01 5.35 0.52 0.00 1.35 11.37 15.09 64.43
Victoria 210.00 102.35 46.07 66.64 59.98 77.65 40.09 16.67 17.83 51.23 71.30 102.03 143.38 795.24
Upper Kotmale 150.00 41.05 26.00 9.55 32.89 39.10 27.75 33.33 26.41 40.29 76.36 87.44 53.40 494.00
Kotmale 201.00 46.90 29.52 7.64 25.86 40.46 22.92 33.84 39.56 22.21 65.59 85.98 59.89 480.37
Randenigala 122.00 58.43 34.88 35.29 36.71 45.89 30.32 30.12 22.85 5.10 10.05 37.47 87.09 434.21
Rantambe 49.00 26.23 19.82 15.68 18.45 20.88 13.21 12.11 10.59 3.89 10.24 23.64 37.97 212.71
Sub Total 812.00 299.68 173.72 141.17 189.47 246.37 157.54 155.12 137.52 127.27 243.28 361.16 403.10 2,635.41
Samanalawewa 120.00 22.53 33.39 34.93 46.00 67.85 33.77 10.70 16.51 17.75 29.11 52.66 59.75 424.95
Kukule 70.00 15.56 19.02 12.06 26.58 29.57 22.74 29.92 28.33 38.15 46.61 40.17 27.30 336.01
Mini Hydro (CEB)
Inginiyagala 11.25 4.68 0.90 2.03 6.77 5.99 6.58 5.96 1.35 1.07 1.56 3.03 5.24 45.15
Uda Walawe 6.00 2.67 1.98 1.88 1.81 2.83 2.77 1.71 0.39 0.00 0.02 2.56 2.86 21.46
Nilambe 3.20 1.56 0.74 0.79 1.30 1.43 0.63 0.28 0.12 0.47 1.25 2.10 2.16 12.82
Sub Total 20.45 8.90 3.62 4.69 9.87 10.26 9.98 7.95 1.85 1.54 2.82 7.69 10.25 79.43
Total Hydro 1,357.45 498.67 360.87 312.48 382.62 481.04 325.57 282.56 276.94 272.88 444.89 626.21 659.33 4,924.05
Wind Power 3.00 0.07 0.09 0.09 0.02 0.10 0.15 0.19 0.14 0.10 0.06 0.02 0.04 1.07
Thermal
Kelanitissa: Steam
Gas 100.00 0.01 0.08 0.05 0.04 0.01 0.09 0.00 0.00 0.15 0.02 0.25 0.38 1.06
Gas (New) 115.00 0.39 1.07 0.07 0.55 0.90 0.09 1.56 6.16 11.02 0.49 0.26 1.47 24.01
Combined Cycle 165.00 17.43 60.91 77.22 32.63 8.60 92.33 95.80 97.74 101.89 74.70 0.55 0.00 659.80
Sapugaskanda 80.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.35 1.75 16.40 22.72 23.47 23.59 19.98 6.35 13.12 127.72
Sapugaskanda Ext. 80.00 3.67 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 29.56 39.18 38.11 25.47 10.91 19.77 166.69
Burge Mounted 60.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 18.12 18.12
Uthuru Janani 24.00 3.18 7.78 13.36 7.13 3.09 12.03 11.26 11.82 11.12 4.29 1.46 1.43 87.94
Total Thermal Oil 624.00 24.67 69.84 90.69 40.70 14.35 120.94 160.90 178.37 185.87 124.94 19.78 54.29 1,085.33
Puttalam Coal 300.00 393.11 388.67 527.98 484.53 492.85 380.14 374.09 294.80 256.52 329.79 283.10 251.58 4,457.18
Total Thermal 924.00 417.78 458.51 618.67 525.23 507.20 501.09 535.00 473.17 442.40 454.73 302.88 305.88 5,542.51
Total CEB 2,284.45 916.52 819.47 931.24 907.86 988.33 826.81 817.75 750.25 715.37 899.67 929.10 965.25 10,467.63
Private
Mini Hydro (Private) 193.60 74.97 58.34 45.25 86.89 94.40 82.18 87.21 75.03 90.66 127.57 133.04 108.75 1,064.28
NCRE (a) 47.12 21.59 20.64 15.91 9.34 41.66 60.74 67.19 60.57 46.47 22.06 15.30 19.87 401.32
Thermal 841.50 30.60 63.44 131.02 31.01 7.29 139.65 194.31 264.56 253.79 82.23 2.13 25.09 1,225.09
Total Private 1,082.22 127.16 142.41 192.17 127.23 143.34 282.56 348.71 400.16 390.92 231.85 150.46 153.72 2,690.69
Grand Total 3,366.67 1,043.68 961.88 1,123.41 1,035.10 1,131.67 1,109.38 1,166.46 1,150.41 1,106.29 1,131.53 1,079.56 1,118.97 13,158.32
(a) Non-Conventional Renewable Energy (Solar, Dendro & Biomass). Source : Ceylon Electricity Board
61
INDUSTRY
Table 6.9
Electricity Sales by Province 2012 2015
Province Units in GWh Revenue, Rs. Mn. No. of Consumer Accounts

&
Type of Sale 2012 2013 2014 2015 2012 2013 2014 2015 2012 2013 2014 2015
Colombo City
Domestic 257.05 246.29 243.06 251.71 6,654.60 7740.05 7,712.54 6,457.80 128,066 130,721 134,589 136,943
Religious 6.95 7.33 7.74 7.89 60.22 63.68 67.49 70.23 830 846 870 878
Industrial 154.76 154.39 159.71 161.64 2,201.76 2,515.94 2,685.54 2,445.63 391 395 396 392
Commercial 818.45 826.14 869.14 897.81 20,547.72 22,300.95 23,401.28 21,046.89 31,731 32,603 33,741 34,430
Street Lighting 9.74 9.71 9.71 9.71
Total 1,246.95 1,243.85 1,289.36 1,328.76 29,464.29 32,620.62 33,866.85 30,020.55 161,018 164,565 169,596 172,643
Western Province (a)
Domestic 1,000.00 973.18 979.37 1067.75 13,828.03 16,855.59 17,705.36 16,331.87 999,932 1,028,180 1,053,449 1,081,055
Religious 10.33 10.98 11.55 12.32 74.89 80.23 84.66 91.09 4,695 4,921 5,146 5,314
Industrial 1,823.26 1,850.71 1,920.31 1,995.55 25,374.41 29,248.00 31,456.09 29,065.59 11,170 11,104 10,846 10,828
Commercial 491.64 525.50 582.90 614.95 12,289.96 14,011.66 15,761.37 14,363.09 119,501 125,357 131,077 138,485
Street Lighting 39.46 39.35 39.31 39.33
Total 3,364.68 3,399.72 3,533.43 3,729.89 51,567.30 60,195.49 65,007.47 59,851.64 1,135,298 1,169,562 1,200,518 1,235,682
Central Province
Domestic 409.45 449.14 506.03 554.06 4,048.67 5,544.67 6,209.57 5,832.10 578,089 762,101 783,624 806,642
Religious 6.47 7.30 8.91 9.53 42.37 47.73 57.86 62.78 4,133 5,729 5,934 6,113
Industrial 167.99 207.84 268.13 285.05 2,420.70 3,453.65 4,589.92 4,313.85 3,448 3,861 3,828 3,904
Commercial 185.70 213.52 252.37 276.66 4,536.83 5,606.68 6,708.43 6,287.63 68,242 86,755 90,209 94,758
Total 775.90 884.31 1,043.04 1,132.91 11,048.58 14,652.73 17,565.78 16,496.37 653,912 858,446 883,595 911,417
Southern Province
Domestic 392.74 385.99 393.06 432.64 3,739.77 4,518.97 4,762.87 4,541.55 573,409 593,488 610,186 629,302
Religious 5.66 5.87 6.33 6.81 37.93 39.35 42.85 47.06 3,208 3,390 3,540 3,707
Industrial 235.21 244.23 269.44 263.76 3,313.12 3,911.55 4,456.64 3,903.15 4,176 4,352 4,441 4,594
Commercial 156.56 169.80 198.78 215.86 3,736.81 4,327.70 5,112.70 4,785.16 55,454 58,315 61,149 64,514
Street Lighting 10.53 10.50 10.45 10.47
Total 800.70 816.39 878.05 929.54 10,827.63 12,797.58 14,375.05 13,276.92 636,247 659,545 679,316 702,117
Northern Province
Domestic 123.87 134.97 138.10 162.00 1,442.91 1,924.57 1,906.07 1,879.48 160,892 186,767 207,844 234,393
Religious 4.09 4.82 5.54 6.02 26.64 32.03 37.54 43.09 3,088 3,378 3,675 4,003
Industrial 11.93 15.41 20.67 26.12 180.72 279.54 380.72 421.72 2,877 3,258 3,518 3,764
Commercial 71.37 83.46 93.69 105.03 1,799.03 2,209.58 2,506.53 2,426.91 21,427 24,570 26,682 28,103
Total 212.89 240.27 259.62 300.79 3,449.29 4,445.72 4,830.86 4,771.20 188,284 217,973 241,719 270,263
Eastern Province
Domestic 253.00 256.64 255.73 294.85 2,799.04 3,525.86 3,423.73 3,436.67 324,787 347,141 370,193 392,297
Religious 4.47 4.93 5.52 6.18 29.94 33.16 37.76 42.75 2,512 2,716 2,942 3,168
Industrial 119.15 113.46 124.81 123.13 1,620.10 1,782.20 2,036.71 1,805.15 4,460 4,758 4,960 5,048
Commercial 90.85 101.92 113.34 127.94 2,269.58 2,686.27 2,990.57 2,902.05 35,183 37,821 39,919 41,934
Total 472.33 481.80 504.25 556.95 6,718.67 8,027.49 8,488.76 8,186.62 366,942 392,436 418,014 442,447
North Western Province
Domestic 432.46 423.71 430.31 476.62 4,512.68 5,541.32 5,704.96 5,428.12 574,756 599,077 621,905 649,175
Religious 6.42 6.82 7.27 7.84 40.42 43.55 46.97 51.65 4,398 4,507 4,604 4,734
Industrial 435.22 434.39 461.47 468.97 6,019.14 6,926.46 7,576.76 6,880.41 14,498 15,629 16,517 17,696
Commercial 147.23 154.19 167.63 184.23 3,741.19 4,204.55 4,582.48 4,278.82 69,862 73,827 77,445 81,520
Street Lighting 27.44 27.37 27.37 27.37
Total 1,048.76 1,046.48 1,094.05 1,165.03 14,313.44 16,715.88 17,911.17 16,639.00 663,514 693,040 720,471 753,125
North Central Province
Domestic 200.53 198.32 202.65 223.43 1,867.89 2,288.11 2,309.30 2,229.69 297,970 313,203 327,480 343,252
Religious 3.42 3.75 4.59 4.38 23.01 25.82 30.01 31.15 1,847 1,952 2,053 2,156
Industrial 89.59 98.51 95.38 100.62 1,334.51 1,703.66 1,737.76 1,637.45 5,781 5,994 6,164 6,378
Commercial 88.10 94.51 99.45 107.48 2,189.99 2,489.20 2,631.81 2,442.61 33,353 35,297 36,970 38,988
Total 383.72 397.17 404.15 437.99 5,415.41 6,506.79 6,708.88 6,340.89 338,951 356,446 372,667 390,774
Uva Province
Domestic 208.12 177.70 154.48 174.12 1,801.40 1,793.37 1,527.02 1,494.43 362,553 277,840 293,387 308,030
Religious 3.34 2.91 2.62 2.83 20.55 17.85 16.15 17.67 2,699 2,024 2,157 2,290
Industrial 90.54 71.85 52.85 55.03 1,328.17 1,178.23 935.98 865.18 2,354 2,257 2,314 2,428
Commercial 77.68 68.46 67.22 68.48 1,960.55 1,845.03 1,825.58 1,592.87 34,119 26,586 27,929 29,265
Total 380.99 322.05 278.13 301.42 5,110.66 4,834.48 4,304.73 3,970.15 401,725 308,707 325,787 342,013
Sabaragamuwa Province
Domestic 244.42 241.65 218.63 239.23 2,192.60 2,640.69 2,416.51 2,297.57 390,991 351,411 365,572 386,306
Religious 3.37 3.46 3.05 3.20 20.76 21.50 19.28 20.45 2,599 2,164 2,254 2,347
Industrial 157.30 153.02 125.66 127.68 2,285.75 2,529.80 2,158.58 1,962.66 1,605 1,554 1,593 1,649
Commercial 74.74 78.32 75.15 82.51 1,912.02 2,122.74 2,037.02 1,906.38 38,774 34,910 36,428 38,347
Total 485.22 481.66 426.85 457.00 6,411.13 7,314.73 6,631.40 6,187.06 433,969 390,039 405,847 428,649
Transmission Bulk Supply
to LECO 1,301.66 1,307.70 1,352.19 1,446.00 18,628.15 22,376.13 24,980.67 22,295.38 1 1 1 1
Grand Total 10,473.80 10,621.39 11,063.11 11,786.28 162,954.54 190,487.64 204,671.63 188,035.77 4,979,861 5,210,761 5,417,532 5,649,132
(a) Excluding Colombo city. Source : Ceylon Electricity Board

Note 1: Transmission Bulk Supply to LECO is accounted as one account.
Note 2: Street Lighting Consumer Accounts are accounted as one account.
62
Table 6.10
Water Consumers, Consumption and Revenue by Province 2012 2015
No. of Consumers Quantity of Water (m3 Mn.) Revenue Billed (Rs. Mn.) Revenue Collected (Rs. Mn.)
Province \ Year
INDUSTRY
2012 2013 2014 2015 2012 2013 2014 2015 2012 2013 2014 2015 2012 2013 2014 2015
Western Domestic 677,427 717,819 764,500 804,130 141.9 145.6 157.1 166.8 5,062.4 6,265.4 6,747.8 7,038.7 4,855.0 6,325.7 6,819.8 7,256.9
Govt. 3,730 3,869 3,396 3,413 23.7 24.2 22.2 20.4 1,552.2 1,717.9 1,547.9 1,407.5 1,510.1 1,696.8 1,672.3 1,483.3
Industry 387 436 444 503 1.8 1.6 1.8 2.2 99.3 89.9 97.4 114.1 105.5 114.2 117.9 171.3
Other 56,823 60,390 65,308 70,371 43.0 44.0 49.2 52.7 2,938.0 3,381.6 3,766.0 4,083.9 2,888.4 3,354.8 3,714.8 4,105.4
Total 738,367 782,514 833,648 878,417 210.5 215.4 230.3 242.1 9,652.0 11,454.8 12,159.2 12,644.3 9,359.0 11,491.5 12,324.8 13,017.0
Central Domestic 185,673 197,950 209,155 220,437 30.2 29.9 32.7 34.9 791.6 986.4 1,102.6 1,130.7 804.4 1,007.6 1,094.4 1,158.1
Govt. 1,029 1,070 1,007 1,010 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.1 61.2 64.2 73.9 79.0 57.1 64.0 73.9 80.4
Industry 67 65 63 57 ... ... 1.1 1.0 2.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 2.1 1.0
Other 11,743 12,855 13,992 15,002 9.2 9.1 9.6 9.9 621.2 391.0 417.0 439.4 446.2 390.4 403.6 444.7
Total 198,512 211,940 224,217 236,506 40.2 39.9 43.3 45.9 1,475.1 1,442.5 1,595.6 1,650.1 1,308.7 1,462.9 1,574.0 1,684.3
Southern Domestic 225,301 245,275 260,239 275,591 37.8 39.8 43.3 46.1 1,019.5 1,366.6 1,520.4 1,549.7 951.4 1,391.0 1,455.4 1,570.1
Govt. 1,845 1,938 1,816 1,934 2.7 2.8 2.9 2.9 183.4 198.6 204.6 206.7 167.4 198.7 214.1 211.4
Industry 100 102 100 102 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.2 9.4 12.2 19.3 14.2 8.7 13.2 12.1 15.1
Other 12,473 13,527 14,179 15,703 6.3 6.4 7.2 7.5 367.7 438.6 510.5 549.0 360.6 473.1 527.8 591.0
Total 239,719 260,842 276,334 293,330 47.0 49.2 53.6 56.7 1,580.0 2,015.9 2,254.7 2,319.6 1,488.1 2,076.1 2,209.4 2,387.5
63
Northern Domestic 6,762 7,852 10,825 13,291 1.1 1.2 1.6 1.9 29.3 42.9 59.6 68.6 30.0 48.2 61.1 65.7
Govt. 172 192 210 239 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.3 9.6 13.5 15.9 18.7 11.6 9.7 16.6 21.1
Industry 4 4 5 7 ... ... ... ... 0.6 0.7 0.1 ... 0.6 0.6
Other 984 1,040 1,149 1,297 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 14.9 14.1 16.5 19.3 15.7 15.4 17.0 19.4
Total 7,922 9,088 12,189 14,834 1.5 1.6 2.0 2.4 53.8 70.5 92.6 107.3 57.4 73.3 95.3 106.9
Eastern Domestic 119,499 137,945 156,199 177,063 16.1 17.5 20.3 23.2 404.5 561.7 654.7 721.1 363.3 537.3 656.9 744.3
Govt. 1,069 1,198 1,191 1,319 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.6 131.8 153.9 166.9 179.8 121.6 147.0 182.7 175.7
Industry 16 16 16 17 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 14.4 16.6 16.0 17.4 14.1 17.3 15.8 15.9
Other 4,539 5,162 5,943 6,907 1.6 1.7 2.0 2.3 97.7 119.5 142.8 151.9 87.4 117.6 138.2 149.5
Total 125,123 144,321 163,349 185,306 20.0 21.6 24.9 28.3 648.4 851.6 980.5 1,070.3 586.4 819.2 993.6 1,085.4
(Contd.)
Table 6.10 (Contd.)
Water Consumers, Consumption and Revenue by Province 2012 2015 (Contd.)
No. of Consumers Quantity of Water (m3 Mn.) Revenue Billed (Rs. Mn.) Revenue Collected (Rs. Mn.)
Province \ Year
INDUSTRY
2012 2013 2014 2015 2012 2013 2014 2015 2012 2013 2014 2015 2012 2013 2014 2015
North Western Domestic 48,790 53,250 58,075 62,720 7.2 7.4 8.3 8.9 184.0 239.4 274.0 279.3 192.3 253.7 277.2 296.2
Govt. 482 505 468 506 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 34.5 39.1 42.4 39.3 37.0 32.8 45.3 37.1
Industry 92 84 73 76 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 4.7 5.4 6.3 4.3 4.8 5.1 6.3 4.4
Other 4,566 4,969 5,414 5,881 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.2 122.3 148.0 172.1 180.0 121.5 147.9 169.0 182.5
Total 53,930 58,808 64,030 69,183 10.7 11.5 13.0 13.6 345.5 431.9 494.8 502.9 355.7 439.5 497.8 520.1
North Central Domestic 72,958 77,701 82,976 91,030 11.9 12.3 13.6 14.8 327.2 419.5 471.9 489.1 360.5 456.5 491.0 517.2
Govt. 901 953 895 934 2.3 2.5 2.7 2.8 156.4 173.9 186.9 197.4 152.3 161.9 216.3 204.2
Industry 7 6 11 11 ... ... 0.1 0.1 ... 0.1
Other 6,448 7,252 8,018 8,693 2.7 2.8 2.9 3.2 150.7 177.2 191.9 209.9 144.3 172.7 186.7 208.6
Total 80,314 85,912 91,900 100,668 17.0 17.5 19.2 20.8 634.4 770.7 850.8 896.4 657.1 791.2 894.1 930.1
Uva Domestic 57,847 63,328 70,213 75,458 8.7 8.9 9.9 10.5 219.4 284.6 319.1 326.4 200.1 282.3 306.2 340.9
Govt. 869 874 694 697 2.0 1.9 2.1 2.0 132.5 135.4 143.9 139.7 127.9 125.1 154.3 146.1
Industry 1 1 2 2 0.1 ... 3.4 2.9 2.1 0.7 3.6 2.6 2.5 0.5
Other 4,531 4,752 5,155 5,398 1.7 1.8 2.0 2.1 86.0 98.7 110.7 119.7 84.5 102.6 114.1 128.9
Total 63,248 68,955 76,064 81,555 12.4 12.7 14.0 14.7 441.3 521.6 575.9 586.6 416.1 512.6 577.1 616.4
64
Sabaragamuwa Domestic 72,359 76,720 81,173 85,204 11.4 11.6 12.6 13.7 301.7 379.9 442.6 443.8 282.5 374.2 436.0 445.3
Govt. 704 731 567 590 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.2 60.6 63.1 65.4 76.3 57.4 65.7 65.4 73.7
Industry 161 138 159 216 ... ... 2.3 2.2 2.5 2.9 2.3 2.2 2.5 2.9
Other 7,304 7,778 8,368 8,860 1.9 2.0 2.2 2.4 135.8 156.8 180.7 191.2 134.0 159.2 178.1 187.6
Total 80,528 85,367 90,267 94,870 14.2 14.6 15.8 17.3 500.4 601.9 691.2 714.3 476.1 601.3 682.0 709.6
Total Domestic 1,466,616 1,577,840 1,693,355 1,804,924 266.3 274.1 299.4 320.8 8,339.7 10,546.2 11,592.7 12,047.3 8,039.4 10,676.5 11,598.2 12,394.9
Govt. 10,801 11,330 10,244 10,642 35.2 36.1 35.0 33.8 2,322.3 2,559.5 2,448.0 2,344.5 2,242.3 2,501.7 2,640.9 2,433.1
Industry 835 852 873 991 2.4 2.2 2.4 2.8 134.7 130.2 146.2 155.5 140.2 155.6 159.7 211.8
Other 109,411 117,725 127,526 138,112 69.7 71.6 79.4 84.4 4,534.3 4,925.6 5,508.3 5,944.4 4,282.6 4,933.8 5,449.3 6,017.5
Total 1,587,663 1,707,747 1,831,998 1,954,669 373.5 384.0 416.2 441.8 15,331.0 18,161.5 19,695.2 20,491.7 14,704.6 18,267.6 19,848.1 21,057.2
Negligible Source : National Water Supply & Drainage Board

INDUSTRY
Table 6.11
Board of Investment (BOI) Enterprises 2006 2015
Industrial Category 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012(a) 2013(a) 2014(a) 2015(b)
Employment (End December)
Food, Beverages and Tobacco Products 13,560 13,189 13,227 13,195 13,984 13,436 15,612 15,647 14,135 n.a.
Textile, Wearing Apparel and
Leather Products
271,508 296,332 302,304 307,912 264,456 276,551 292,004 291,986 298,746 n.a.
Wood and Wood Products 1,551 1,519 1,338 1,771 3,621 3,861 3,553 3,366 3,310 n.a.
Paper, Paper Products, Printing
and Publishing 1,652 1,655 1,703 1,730 1,890 2,325 1,938 2,241 2,168 n.a.
Chemicals, Petroleum, Coal, Rubber
and Plastic Products 27,564 26,341 26,494 23,382 20,659 26,017 26,929 27,734 25,410 n.a.
Non-Metallic Mineral Products
10,132 6,882 6,239 9,082 8,854 9,228 9,354 9,119 9,288 n.a.
Fabricated Metal, Machinery and
Transport Equipment 7,199 7,606 6,441 6,866 6,853 7,113 8,744 6,619 6,635 n.a.
Manufactured Products
(Not Elsewhere Specified) 25,493 29,423 31,348 27,164 27,492 27,930 27,165 29,863 31,408 n.a.
Services (includes Agriculture) 62,612 68,987 69,071 86,428 78,275 84,452 91,191 96,895 93,575 n.a.
Total
421,271 451,934 458,165 477,530 426,084 450,913 476,490 483,470 484,675 n.a.

Gross Export Earnings (f.o.b.), Rs. Mn.
Food, Beverages and Tobacco Products 35,505 51,464 38,136 35,277 30,790 34,234 40,442 43,291 44,871 37,231
Textile, Wearing Apparel and
Leather Products
200,522 230,170 260,179 278,120 298,207 373,463 393,442 460,123 542,877 511,259
Wood and Wood Products 2,675 4,092 3,678 2,268 4,926 6,031 6,979 7,065 6,904 5,687
Paper, Paper Products, Printing
and Publishing 1,943 4,104 3,875 3,586 4,160 5,805 6,506 5,165 7,684 6,199
Chemicals, Petroleum, Coal, Rubber
and Plastic Products 64,608 80,647 80,953 52,383 74,065 110,426 118,088 124,374 140,818 114,496
Non-Metallic Mineral Products 14,761 15,917 16,195 9,679 13,123 19,379 22,832 26,897 30,638 22,702
Fabricated Metal, Machinery and
Transport Equipment 24,455 18,094 18,493 13,385 17,482 17,871 17,548 17,561 16,692 13,314
Manufactured Products
(Not Elsewhere Specified) 25,581 43,344 39,625 35,089 43,132 45,386 48,988 49,071 56,949 53,391
Services and Infrastructure 17,880 33,608 36,537 22,085 30,681 40,953 42,008 40,400 56,205 45,027
Total
387,930 481,440 497,671 451,872 516,566 653,548 696,833 773,947 903,638 809,306
(a) Revised Source : Board of Investment of Sri Lanka

(b) Provisional
n.a. Not available
65
PRICES AND WAGES
Table 7.1
Consumers Price Indices Colombo Consumers Price Index 2006 2015
Item 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Colombo Consumers
Price Index (2002=100) (a)
All Items 140.8 163.1 199.9 206.8 219.1
Percentage Change 10.0 15.8 22.6 3.4 5.9
Sub Indices
Food and Non-Alcoholic Beverages 135.8 163.4 213.3 219.2 234.2
Clothing and Footwear 127.7 140.7 154.8 165.3 176.6
Housing, Water, Electricity,
Gas and Other Fuels 174.2 206.6 226.8 227.5 235.3
Furnishing, H/H Equipment and Routine
Household Maintenance 124.7 134.4 154.1 168.0 176.4
Health 113.1 115.5 163.2 194.8 227.8
Transport 156.7 178.1 240.3 238.8 240.7
Communication 120.5 119.8 100.0 107.0 109.4
Recreation and Culture 113.6 119.5 128.3 161.8 168.7
Education 126.3 133.7 141.0 152.0 171.3
Miscellaneous Goods and Services 131.3 140.5 156.3 168.5 180.7

Colombo Consumers
Price Index (2006/07=100) (b)
All Items 129.2 133.6 141.9 151.5 162.9 174.2 179.9 181.5
Percentage Change 3.5 6.2 6.7 7.6 6.9 3.3 0.9
Sub Indices
Food and Non-Alcoholic Beverages 144.0 148.5 158.8 172.7 180.9 195.2 202.5 212.4
Clothing and Footwear 112.5 122.0 130.2 147.6 162.1 170.8 171.4 195.3
Housing, Water, Electricity,
Gas and Other Fuels 114.0 115.1 119.2 124.4 136.4 151.0 152.7 138.2
Household Maintenance 113.0 122.5 128.0 133.8 142.7 148.5 151.9 164.4
Health 150.4 184.7 233.9 240.3 247.5 251.7 273.1 311.4
Transport 141.7 138.4 139.7 149.6 181.9 190.2 198.9 182.9
Communication 82.6 88.2 90.3 90.3 90.3 90.3 93.9 94.0
Recreation and Culture 116.1 122.7 131.8 139.0 144.6 150.4 153.8 161.6
Education 110.3 120.7 135.9 140.6 141.2 142.6 143.3 148.1
Miscellaneous Goods and Services 113.3 122.4 126.3 131.1 136.5 142.2 146.8 154.2
(a) Discontinued from June 2011. Source : Department of Census and Statistics
(b) The rebased CCPI (2006/07=100) has replaced CCPI (2002=100) from June 2011. Central Bank of Sri Lanka
Table 7.2
Consumers Price Indices National Consumer Price Index 2014 2015
Item 2014 2015
National Consumer Price Index (2013=100)

All Items 105.5 109.5
Percentage Change 3.8
Sub Indices
Food and Non-Alcoholic Beverages 105.2 110.7
Alcoholic Beverages 110.5 129.8
Clothing and Footwear 103.2 110.5
Housing, Water, Electricity, Gas and Other Fuels 110.1 114.7
Household Maintenance 103.6 108.7
Health 105.4 114.8
Transport 102.7 92.8
Communication 103.7 103.8
Recreation and Culture 101.5 106.4
Education 104.1 112.3
Restaurants and Hotels 104.2 104.8
Miscellaneous Goods and Services 101.5 103.8
Source : Department of Census and Statistics
66
PRICES AND WAGES
Table 7.3
Producers Price Index 2014 2015 2013 Q4 = 100
Item 2014 2015(a)
All Items 101.6 105.3

Agriculture 104.7 121.8
Growing of crops & cereals; Farming of animals 104.7 121.8
Manufacturing 100.9 100.4
Manufacture of food products and beverages 102.5 98.7
Manufacture of tobacco products 101.9 111.9
Manufacture of textiles 98.4 97.4
Manufacture of wearing apparel, dressing, and dyeing of fur 101.4 110.3
Publishing, printing and reproduction of recorded media 97.2 101.2
Manufacture of coke, refine petroleum products and nuclear fuel 99.9 76.6
Manufacture of chemicals and chemical products 99.1 98.3
Manufacture of rubber and plastics 96.7 93.2
Manufacture of other non-metallic mineral products 103.9 104.0
Manufacture of basic metals 99.4 97.6
Manufacture of electrical machinery and apparatus n.e.c. 102.5 104.7
Manufacture of other transport equipment 99.7 103.7
Manufacture of furniture, Manufacturing n.e.c. 101.6 102.6
Electricity and Water Supply 96.2 87.6

Electricity 95.7 86.3
Collection, purification and distribution of water 100.6 99.6

Note: n.e.c. Not elsewhere classified
Table 7.4
Colombo Consumers Price Index 1960 2007
1952=100
Year All Items Change (%) Food Clothing Fuel & light Rent Miscellaneous
1960 103.5 -1.6 100.8 95.1 102.7 101.5 117.5

1965 112.5 0.3 107.3 126.7 100.7 101.5 128.3
1970 138.2 5.9 136.6 137.3 136.1 109.8 153.2
1975 198.3 6.7 204.3 208.2 238.0 109.8 191.9
1980 318.2 26.1 339.7 239.9 563.9 109.8 293.8
1985 561.2 1.5 598.4 324.2 1,332.1 109.8 524.4
1990 1,008.6 21.5 1,090.0 610.2 1,934.2 109.8 1,021.0
1995 1,644.6 7.7 1,768.1 803.9 3,322.4 109.8 1,800.6
2000 2,539.8 6.2 2,815.8 872.9 4,660.9 109.8 2,802.4
2001 2,899.4 14.2 3,244.7 909.6 5,328.9 109.8 3,131.1
2002 3,176.4 9.6 3,589.9 950.5 5,795.8 109.8 3,327.9
2003 3,377.0 6.3 3,798.4 974.4 6,674.6 109.8 3,497.5
2004 3,632.8 7.6 4,096.2 984.0 7,315.3 109.8 3,726.4
2005 4,055.5 11.6 4,590.6 1,026.7 8,303.0 109.8 4,098.4
2006 4,610.8 13.7 5,198.7 1,067.2 10,641.8 109.8 4,482.7
2007 5,416.1 17.5 6,143.3 1,115.7 13,338.6 109.8 4,978.3
Note : This series was discontinued from May 2008, and was replaced by CCPI (2002=100) Source : Department of Census and Statistics
67
PRICES AND WAGES
Table 7.5
Average Retail Prices of Selected Consumer Items 2006 2015 Rupees
Item 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(a)
Rice, kg.
Samba (Highest) 41.15 50.98 76.19 74.97 75.56 71.82 70.33 71.90 83.83 90.25
Par Boiled (Highest) 31.48 44.45 64.64 63.24 61.37 60.51 60.09 62.04 75.75 76.73
Kekulu (Highest) 31.19 44.56 64.21 61.65 59.41 55.33 56.63 58.33 71.92 74.85
Up Country Vegetables, kg
Beans 75.99 83.51 102.53 90.45 114.91 144.69 125.45 130.31 134.03 195.82
Carrot 73.43 79.96 91.55 90.61 108.24 124.06 121.12 131.03 133.37 182.54
Beet Root 62.44 62.62 87.79 81.79 94.92 103.25 101.88 99.31 104.50 131.40
Cabbage 52.13 54.41 65.52 61.57 76.12 85.24 80.99 87.31 88.57 113.86
Leeks 65.14 71.48 78.71 79.65 101.09 96.23 110.93 115.73 114.69 166.35
Low Country Vegetables, kg
Pumpkin 32.55 37.93 45.14 48.03 52.45 59.84 64.30 63.00 66.70 78.18
Brinjals 47.67 52.12 62.99 54.42 65.32 82.20 76.17 76.83 84.75 101.12
Capsicum 79.96 91.15 127.49 115.61 142.38 164.17 145.18 151.87 161.71 223.61
Limes 73.79 86.60 102.60 102.10 131.70 172.20 198.53 232.59 176.66 237.85
Leafy Vegetables
Spinach (Nivithi) (1kg) 32.70 38.00 45.11 46.17 48.52 52.80 55.05 59.47 63.16 75.99
Mukunuwenna (1 bundle) 8.72 11.26 13.81 15.16 16.00 18.14 19.35 20.71 21.52 24.11
Kan-kun (1 bundle) 8.14 10.51 12.92 14.10 14.67 16.79 17.94 19.73 20.60 23.09
Gotukola (1 bundle) 8.93 11.24 13.43 14.60 15.43 17.87 18.39 19.34 20.17 22.38
Katuru Murunga (1 bundle) 8.92 11.33 13.87 14.89 15.10 17.00 18.08 19.83 20.50 22.52
Yams, kg
Potatoes 72.09 78.52 80.15 89.81 96.12 108.12 110.60 117.42 121.26 125.96
Manioc 22.70 28.10 35.81 35.71 37.25 47.21 49.85 50.44 52.92 56.99
Sweet Potatoes 31.06 38.14 44.24 46.63 51.08 58.34 59.68 64.33 66.75 80.59
Meat and Eggs, kg
Beef (without bones) 242.88 292.37 330.67 365.14 395.96 415.97 441.15 472.24 497.29 539.55
Mutton (with bones) 429.25 532.93 623.07 694.21 737.39 780.93 897.75 1,056.37 1,139.17 1,245.27
Pork 260.73 233.14 309.87 250.00
Chicken (Ordinary) 228.56 286.35 302.99 332.38 398.70 383.09 389.88 411.82 420.27 458.79
Eggs (Farm) 7.06 9.31 10.05 10.08 14.45 13.00 11.81 14.56 13.55 14.94
Sea Fish, kg
Seer Thora 456.58 582.36 678.75 722.10 728.45 834.87 926.20 1,007.71 1,030.13 1,070.95
Trevally Paraw 328.99 426.79 484.64 520.41 541.10 590.58 642.99 675.48 697.23 725.97
Skip Jack Balaya 239.27 320.21 367.34 407.04 426.47 459.32 492.82 509.80 528.05 559.38
Tuna Kelawalla 308.14 407.10 473.67 519.24 548.30 595.06 650.00 680.70 711.20 753.22
Shark Mora 254.27 334.63 371.95 408.60 434.21 479.71 519.06 556.55 579.23 603.51
Sardine Salaya 101.37 129.45 144.34 150.34 156.62 161.25 170.06 182.54 177.25 181.92
Dried Fish, kg
Seer Thora 455.64 568.63 666.60 738.95 772.39 839.36 982.49 1,092.87 1,117.16 1,140.73
Shark Mora 333.95 416.85 487.41 543.70 594.39 656.48 753.77 834.35 861.14 889.07
Skip Jack Balaya 250.56 337.13 407.84 451.81 486.28 543.61 623.65 662.20 693.03 717.22
Queen Fish Kattawa 420.67 521.76 611.22 688.23 704.76 767.34 862.98 919.32 944.45 971.34
Sprats 216.83 239.08 309.84 330.62 316.24 325.07 388.08 578.03 495.14 493.22
Canned and Preserved Fish, (425g)
Tinned Fish (Delmege) 105.76 114.01 160.51 199.14 193.94 220.42 233.49 240.87 242.87 236.58
Tinned Fish (Captain) 106.86 115.16 160.51 199.14 196.50 232.88 229.66 232.61 233.99 217.97
Tinned Fish (CWE) 103.20 111.65 154.12 198.16 172.62 198.71 197.51 201.04 193.77 153.25
Pulses, kg
Green Gram 109.09 125.55 134.00 132.86 205.81 198.10 224.37 271.56 299.73 252.11
Dhal Mysore 75.49 103.80 189.99 133.85 164.28 149.25 142.57 153.58 161.37 181.88
Dhal Kadala (b) 70.34 91.80 130.43 124.86 112.54 141.23 143.08 151.57 156.10 171.01
Barley 121.29 132.44
Cowpea (Best) 90.22 117.18 124.22 130.38 171.47 203.80 220.78 238.17 217.98 236.06
Kurakkan Seeds 46.45 74.06
Ulundu Seeds 115.31 136.79
Condiments, kg
Dried Chillies 177.63 203.29 214.57 214.79 202.22 275.01 231.48 228.00 230.85 275.76
Pepper 236.38 415.23 492.40 482.40 498.00 781.70 1,237.63 1,076.80 1,320.54 1,489.80
Tamarind 91.43 105.50 119.40 113.80 136.20 242.80 219.35 215.00 228.13 274.19
Coriander 107.62 178.63 313.50 297.70 294.10 282.80 268.42 285.40 369.17 329.38
Turmeric (Dried) 168.42 219.24 285.70 342.20 763.10 824.00 672.52 689.93 687.19 671.18
Garlic 138.46 138.86 100.60 109.60 286.30 226.00 216.59 227.85 201.42 234.92
Washed Salt (1 Pkt) 17.77 22.16 32.89 34.49 33.22 32.72 32.57 33.07 34.58 34.80
Chillie Powder (100g) 23.17 30.08 32.14 33.41 35.18 40.49 40.06 40.21 40.61 43.93
Raw Ginger 172.83 256.68 265.60 293.90 311.00 290.20 288.32 394.17 526.35 429.88
Spices, kg
Red Onion 66.37 81.78 99.37 101.85 99.81 142.25 108.13 171.87 102.46 125.91
Cummin Seed 274.82 342.57 478.20 473.90 521.00 562.30 593.62 638.91 642.11 638.42
Fennel Seed 156.84 240.46 292.30 291.90 310.60 361.70 383.33 388.76 386.79 411.29
Mathe Seed 110.47 159.37 197.90 213.40 230.80 232.20 255.90 273.97 288.28 306.02
Cinnamon Quills 315.96 693.36 863.20 906.60 972.70 1,151.10 1,551.40 1,817.27 1,810.70 1,890.27
Coconut
Coconut (Medium), each 15.65 21.83 28.68 22.03 30.48 36.41 29.61 40.17 40.05 45.30
Coconut Oil, 750 ml 83.44 133.41 185.70 139.50 173.44 211.75 174.18 197.67 210.77 203.17
( Contd,)
68
PRICES AND WAGES
Table 7.5 (Contd.)

Average Retail Prices of Selected Consumer Items 2006 2015 Rupees
Item 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(a)
Fruits, each
Pineapple (Murusi) (1 kg) 51.80 74.82 85.35 87.56 106.51 112.25 114.37 112.51 110.73 121.20
Banana Kolikuttu (c) 7.62 88.94 95.93 101.41 128.36 129.08 129.74 133.64 125.51 145.06
Banana Ambul (c) 2.60 43.38 45.56 46.25 56.41 55.33 57.73 61.70 57.51 63.90
Papaw (1 kg) 37.96 43.05 42.21 51.80 51.41 58.46 61.51 63.64 61.38 84.30
Milk Food and Beverages
Fresh Milk (Dairy), 750 ml 31.43 39.09 49.90 52.77 54.44 59.14 65.36 69.97 73.12 76.96
Tea (BOP) (1 kg) 306.90 461.25 592.50 648.20 729.90 789.00 822.45 936.64 1,024.85 1,122.02
Coffee Powder (1 kg) 389.83 678.42 982.50 1,033.10 1,113.60 1,113.00 1,138.66 1,156.55 1,177.64 1,179.13
Lakspray (400g) 155.77 179.35 268.61 243.39 227.43 249.71 289.11 316.96 379.40 329.76
Anchor (400g) 160.55 189.32 274.15 258.60 234.46 256.46 300.37 324.67 379.77 330.27
Lactogen (half) (400g) 202.13 226.59 301.26 315.27 316.65 333.49 372.38 402.19 460.73 464.95
Lactogen (full) (400g) 179.68 210.03 274.72 275.21 278.54 299.48 343.60 415.72 439.73 440.01
Nespray (400g) 160.66 184.95 274.45 257.25 233.00 253.96 296.46 323.59 371.93 330.03
Milk Maid (397g) 94.46 107.26 122.16 128.66 133.18 145.14 173.71 184.59 188.53 195.42
Ice-Cream (Highland) 1 Litre 118.52 128.51 143.53 145.53 168.27 177.77 208.87 229.16 238.95 240.31
Tobacco and Tobacco Products, each
Chewing Tobacco Jaffna 31.41 54.19 52.70 55.25 55.55 56.15 58.44 62.14 63.86 61.96
Cigarettes Bristol 9.28 10.50 12.69 13.97 14.88 16.67 18.81 20.45 20.01
Clothing
Poplin Local, 1 metre 67.06 76.25 79.61 85.76
Sarongs, each 215.94 229.43 268.76 282.98 302.19 347.69 388.15 414.36 434.48 442.05
Sarees, each 497.51 505.36 762.35 820.10 875.31 983.65 1,059.61 1,196.00 1,277.28 1,315.66
Soap, tablet
Sunlight (each) 20.50 22.45 26.20 27.05 27.00 28.83 33.95 36.90 39.60 40.00
Sovereign Bar, Bar Soap (each) 80.82 99.80 162.88 186.82 180.59 184.05 194.58 209.85 233.25 239.11
Kohomba (each) 21.53 22.07 29.80 32.00 32.22 33.61 36.78 38.71 40.35 41.00
Signal Toothpaste med. (65g) 35.68 38.89 46.87 52.28 52.84 54.68 59.62 63.13 67.15 70.00
Fuel and Light
Kerosene, 1 litre 42.50 59.85 73.29 51.19 51.38 59.65 103.73 107.25 99.82 61.70
Fire Wood, 50 kg 233.67 269.22 317.99 314.12 349.78 361.75 401.73 437.01 454.24 452.79
Safety Matches, Each 2.63 2.64 2.90 3.37 3.89 4.07 4.48 4.95 4.98 5.00
LP Gas (Cylinder 13 kg) 997.58 1,141.87 1,762.78 1,510.32 1,689.10 1,931.28 2,254.27 2,458.32 2,381.84 1,628.03
Batteries (Each)
Batteries (Laxapahana) 25.66 38.69 41.44 42.80 47.27 48.21 49.57 56.27 58.26 66.14
Batteries (Eveready) 29.10 41.42 43.49 45.80 50.54 50.50 51.78 59.47 59.99 61.56
Candles (each) 2.72 3.04 3.66 4.01 4.41 5.03 5.40 5.94 5.72 5.96
Bakery Products
Bread (loaf) 19.06 29.64 37.40 37.44 40.16 48.80 55.17 59.46 59.74 53.87

Cereal Preparations (bought from outside)
Hopper (each) 5.12 6.13 8.41 9.05 9.47 10.36 11.07 11.56 11.84 11.09
String Hopper (each) 1.53 2.07 2.28 2.35 2.60 2.85 3.02 3.22 3.28 3.23
Other Cereal Preparation
Wheat Flour (1 kg) 34.22 55.36 73.70 71.40 69.75 83.56 91.07 98.05 98.07 86.29
Kurakkan Flour (400g) 34.83 27.69 60.00 62.04 88.53 126.63 131.49 132.70
Rice Flour (400g) 28.19 29.97 39.39 39.39 45.96 45.47 47.61 49.28 49.96 52.20
Fats & Oil
Soya Oil (Turkey) (1 Ltr) 208.42 292.04 443.57 491.82 515.21 524.95 569.75 679.17 674.42 681.33
Margarine (Astra) (250g) 69.66 80.23 103.01 118.54 121.35 134.41 149.70 168.84 182.96 189.12
Butter (Anchor) 129.73 142.82 217.55 248.57 259.61 300.83 313.20 342.10 459.57 494.99
Butter (Highland) 106.85 111.00 144.55 152.09 162.30 195.10 242.51 251.04 250.36 272.17
Sugar, Jaggery & Treacle
Sugar (White) (1 kg) 60.20 54.30 63.19 78.61 93.79 97.37 100.63 102.37 101.95 86.92
Jaggery Sugarcane (1 kg) 83.31 165.75
Jaggery Kitul (1 kg) 208.33 273.21
Jaggery Coconut (1 kg) 106.52
Preserved Food
Papadam (1 Pkt) 13.48 17.56 21.45 22.75 26.73 32.02 35.83 39.99 39.24 41.15
Jam (Woodapple) MD (485g) 111.58 127.19 149.26 164.74 187.60 197.69 220.68 252.06 274.54 296.53
Jam (Woodapple) Kist (454g) 101.76 121.16 152.45 175.98 178.20 187.77 213.80 233.48 253.37 276.70
Marmite (115g) 135.59 150.60 179.45 200.44 203.77 212.92 237.51 228.24 233.15 256.13
Dates (kg) 91.58 128.13 160.65 192.47 206.04 215.12 223.98 271.84 315.44 340.60
Soya Meat (Delmege) (90g) 32.93 35.99 40.18 44.15 45.67 46.39 48.35 54.85 57.85 61.47
Non-Alcoholic Beverages
Orange Barley (400ml) 22.23 24.38 27.47 29.36 29.88 31.21 35.11 39.46 44.05 45.01
Fanta (300ml) 22.30 24.25 27.52 30.15 30.01 31.31 35.55 40.41 44.05 45.01
Cordial (Passion Fruit) (750ml) 181.16 200.72 241.96 274.58 304.97 325.39 -
Plain Tea (1 Cup) 6.23 7.30 9.61 10.23 10.73 11.13 11.85 13.63 14.37 12.56
(b) Yellow Imported
(c) Unit of these items was changed from fruit each to kg. in 2007.
69
PRICES AND WAGES
Table 7.6
Average Retail Prices of Selected Food Items by Provinces 2014 and 2015
Rs. per kg.
Item Western Central Southern Northern Eastern North North Uva Sabara- All
Western
2014
Ash Plantains 91.72 83.68 77.68 63.23 77.40 80.20 72.06 79.00 72.80 79.43
Beans 134.55 123.56 141.94 145.27 135.95 139.10 138.29 120.00 117.06 134.03
Cabbage 95.65 77.55 96.84 99.06 86.91 88.73 83.32 73.91 80.40 88.57
Carrot 134.23 126.91 140.94 132.70 134.92 138.52 145.28 120.85 114.06 133.37
Pumpkin 69.39 69.49 77.68 53.92 62.75 66.66 59.38 68.80 62.41 66.70
Snake gourd 89.94 76.88 82.61 74.54 78.17 83.99 71.74 74.06 70.53 79.93
Brinjals 90.07 85.33 82.55 91.69 83.44 85.20 78.61 80.14 74.83 84.75
Tomatoes 125.42 108.13 118.48 113.44 108.22 121.62 110.08 104.41 106.70 114.91
Rice (Samba) 83.14 84.64 83.95 90.03 82.65 80.73 81.73 84.34 83.67 83.83
Rice (Kekulu) 72.64 73.02 68.14 75.59 71.09 72.04 72.54 69.40 72.83 71.92
Red Onions 111.65 102.58 100.86 92.07 98.95 102.47 98.48 111.17 99.31 102.46
Big Onions 91.00 85.50 84.54 88.98 86.27 86.89 81.79 87.99 86.53 87.00
Potatoes 129.32 121.62 121.02 98.34 119.00 121.94 116.74 123.38 121.57 121.26
Dried Chillies 232.75 236.09 226.56 225.38 233.44 229.54 232.89 232.08 225.88 230.85
Dhal (a) 153.65 155.72 154.03 156.28 160.41 155.80 161.04 158.49 154.68 156.10
Eggs (Each) 13.07 13.47 13.59 14.37 14.22 12.75 13.25 14.75 13.32 13.55
Coconut 42.26 41.56 44.16 34.95 40.16 37.29 37.06 39.07 38.79 40.05
Kelawalla 788.92 686.29 726.52 575.00 520.76 705.02 747.01 693.28 645.18 711.20
Balaya 586.22 500.97 576.26 462.04 431.89 523.02 474.85 509.33 538.17 528.05
Salaya 185.04 179.63 188.10 173.94 180.70 167.03 139.38 203.11 174.47 177.25

2015 (b)
Ash Plantains 115.57 104.14 105.30 70.57 95.15 93.92 90.36 106.27 95.70 99.35
Beans 198.50 183.48 211.70 190.55 191.40 209.06 199.19 181.88 180.95 195.82
Cabbage 124.09 98.81 124.33 111.69 115.38 113.87 112.54 100.92 108.00 113.86
Carrot 182.33 178.30 196.18 174.95 188.88 185.85 197.67 165.39 159.00 182.54
Pumpkin 82.82 80.67 89.38 63.64 72.34 75.55 70.61 84.46 75.95 78.18
Snake gourd 111.44 91.45 99.21 87.67 98.07 103.10 93.69 96.76 92.29 98.61
Brinjals 105.73 102.11 90.71 107.42 109.71 102.98 92.03 102.00 93.59 101.12
Tomatoes 147.16 127.87 128.33 125.42 128.45 137.54 129.82 116.45 128.88 132.11
Rice (Samba) 91.20 90.66 92.59 89.96 90.20 85.78 87.40 92.32 91.72 90.25
Rice (Kekulu) 76.54 78.82 68.63 71.53 75.30 76.29 77.02 72.23 77.27 74.85
Red Onions 129.93 131.33 127.47 109.73 125.84 122.38 123.97 141.65 123.59 125.91
Big Onions 113.05 107.70 106.19 106.77 105.44 106.23 101.76 105.80 106.30 107.23
Potatoes 133.38 128.05 124.43 103.74 124.81 124.27 121.86 133.10 129.23 125.96
Dried Chillies 280.80 279.01 276.02 266.29 270.56 276.33 276.83 274.95 274.12 275.76
Dhal (a) 167.10 171.02 167.65 171.48 173.81 173.67 172.18 179.23 170.65 171.01
Eggs (Each) 14.64 15.31 14.99 15.14 15.13 14.45 14.40 16.04 14.90 14.94
Coconut 46.10 46.09 49.79 39.94 47.52 40.83 44.65 47.80 43.61 45.30
Kelawalla 828.72 739.17 781.38 436.31 598.39 749.93 761.27 731.78 679.96 753.22
Balaya 620.59 540.69 628.30 454.85 485.07 539.52 509.46 512.23 547.08 559.38
Salaya 198.34 177.38 188.20 172.12 186.04 176.49 142.68 202.87 178.41 181.92
(a) Yellow Imported Source: Central Bank of Sri Lanka

(b) Provisional
70
PRICES AND WAGES
Table 7.7
Average Producer Prices of Selected Items 2006 2015
Rupees
Commodity 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(a)
Paddy, kg 13.35 18.57 32.99 34.37 31.55 31.09 31.37 33.22 41.12 41.12
Up-Country Vegetables, kg
Beans 46.18 48.71 59.41 58.79 69.67 98.28 72.98 77.40 83.01 125.74
Carrot 44.24 48.94 52.70 55.63 65.42 67.60 68.95 80.39 81.57 119.69
Beet Root 36.42 36.80 50.03 50.49 58.43 60.07 58.09 59.79 61.02 79.52
Low-Country Vegetables, kg
Pumpkin (Red) 16.40 18.56 21.72 24.92 27.30 31.28 33.26 31.85 34.83 39.32
Brinjals 28.08 29.54 38.65 36.58 37.61 47.14 43.72 43.39 48.72 56.75
Curry Chillies 51.52 57.86 77.01 78.21 95.01 105.10 90.23 96.36 103.58 151.32
Lime 33.17 39.64 47.83 63.86 59.24 79.48 95.20 116.87 82.46 112.50
Yams, kg
Potatoes 52.50 55.56 50.60 67.48 67.56 79.02 76.52 84.29 88.88 93.80
Manioc 13.17 15.46 20.45 22.27 21.53 27.64 28.11 28.91 30.76 33.29
Sweet Potatoes 18.10 21.24 24.57 26.16 29.19 34.02 35.07 36.06 37.74 46.30
Eggs, each 6.76 8.65 9.61 10.62 13.63 13.37 12.57 15.17 15.16 15.65
Sea Fish, kg
Seer Thora 290.33 360.86 420.19 439.74 449.98 545.93 576.01 644.24 653.12 723.43
Trevally Paraw 209.98 283.82 317.87 323.31 351.59 397.06 434.63 461.19 460.25 504.49
Skip Jack Balaya 146.86 199.48 234.67 258.54 268.19 280.32 307.59 309.61 324.29 357.21
Tuna Kelawalla 185.95 252.55 283.23 302.32 325.60 349.66 412.90 432.85 453.41 478.90
Shark Mora 157.02 235.81 246.83 258.88 269.75 316.23 368.11 380.00 392.24 425.64
Sardine Salaya 49.59 62.38 69.53 73.90 78.84 86.18 95.06 105.59 106.39 104.61
Dried Fish, kg
Seer Thora 297.24 438.20 553.47 551.67 518.86 620.08 656.36 649.58 728.71 713.94
Shark Mora 205.00 267.93 317.74 355.98 367.29 484.82 546.90 574.06 605.48 587.08
Skip Jack Balaya 194.52 247.98 308.58 342.88 358.86 434.15 521.88 530.56 532.47 537.25
Queen Fish Kattawa 309.50 418.40 488.86 493.33 514.05 610.16 676.04 657.36 649.95 673.45
Sprats 181.95 189.33 249.15 261.90 244.17 264.78 310.92 509.71 454.87 397.16
Pulses, kg
Green Gram 66.15 80.71 96.53 106.06 154.68 157.88 169.99 199.71 225.81 197.38
Cowpea MI 35 (White) 54.34 74.97 85.41 99.15 121.26 145.81 156.31 165.68 145.94 161.71
Sorghum 53.62 77.18 50.61 64.08 66.90 73.67 85.76 120.00 130.19 137.86
Curry Stuff, kg
Dried Chillies 140.27 163.29 178.81 183.97 171.48 216.89 180.49 183.47 188.51 217.68
Pepper 163.43 277.79 322.56 305.33 329.44 607.81 848.93 749.72 987.07 1072.10
Turmeric (Dried) 116.89 123.59 120.30 136.70 299.72 344.56 249.10 274.58 308.75 227.89
Spices, kg
Red Onion 38.30 43.08 58.62 60.74 64.11 87.97 64.14 108.94 66.55 75.66
Cloves 452.87 448.47 465.79 457.26 504.23 1,203.42 1,184.32 1,181.60 1,361.98 1,052.26
Cardamom 1,000.00 993.24 1,342.59 1,753.85 3,038.98 2,706.62 1,697.18 1,978.62 1,808.33 1,544.86
Cinnamon Quills 357.46 530.73 614.20 581.41 666.73 824.66 954.16 1,006.07 1,060.19 1,132.31
Coconut
Coconut, each 11.81 17.13 22.99 18.43 23.82 28.73 22.79 31.14 31.22 34.66
Copra, 250 kg 12,440.96 17,047.97 23,201.22 19,835.54 26,472.00 31,555.86 26,215.38 33,064.98 34,682.00 33,912.33

Coconut Charcoal, 50 kg 896.64 945.38 1,090.41 1,222.62 1,386.10 1,887.85 1,915.84 2,133.45 2,369.95 2,254.63
Fruits, 50 kg
Pineapple 1,357.56 1,963.67 2,118.27 2,164.39 2,681.14 2,989.39 3,031.14 2,735.75 2,723.10 2,868.93
Banana Kolikuttu 1,863.72 2,455.83 2,745.85 3,152.49 3,627.08 3,751.90 3,750.80 4,014.56 3,747.69 4,196.37
Banana Ambul 974.08 1,218.01 1,202.64 1,408.59 1,550.12 1,485.01 1,535.76 1,700.80 1,567.22 1,696.99
Betel and Arecanut, 1,000
Betel 430.90 696.94 717.16 723.89 810.30 951.81 838.08 857.22 923.41 1214.12
Arecanut (Seasoned) 1,012.39 1,489.44 1,134.53 1,016.98 1,320.27 1,606.06 1,301.06 1,373.92 1,715.34 2,399.38
Jaggery and Treacle
Coconut Jaggery, kg 80.96 110.90 145.71 150.51 144.46 188.04 203.40 229.51 211.61 208.62
Sugar Cane Jaggery, kg 46.26 51.82 63.28 64.45 90.42 77.05 85.45 87.08 82.25
Coconut Treacle, 750 ml 89.95 110.78 142.73 177.12 201.09 201.06 254.58 271.16 278.15 289.51
Sugar Cane Treacle, 750 ml 28.00 26.20 41.75 50.45 61.64 65.64 69.55 78.71 69.63
Coffee Seed, kg 84.82 168.77 225.33 212.03 218.22 237.16 248.55 223.33 224.52 241.14
Cocoa, kg 78.30 87.92 133.87 185.22 258.23 317.33 283.59 193.72 236.22 248.36
Tea Leaves, kg 27.09 58.22 95.72 80.90 55.23 54.40 55.47 61.42 69.12 63.69
Building Materials
Bricks, 1,000 3,461.96 4,183.31 4,921.60 5,319.82 5,693.01 6,504.33 10,317.25 11,423.24 11,436.49 12,229.93
Sand, cube 2,475.37 3,168.31 3,632.82 3,681.88 3,630.87 4,271.69 4,714.20 4,999.73 4,946.45 5,111.19
Metal , cube 3,899.65 4,575.26 4,932.82 5,248.48 5,195.31 5,541.74 6,243.18 6,577.43 6,501.87 6,387.03
71
PRICES AND WAGES
Table 7.8
Average Producer Prices of Selected Food Items by Provinces 2014 and 2015
Rs. per kg.

Western
2014

Ash Plantains 45.88 48.24 42.17 39.56 36.44 39.82 37.79 41.49 38.88 40.66
Pumpkins 39.29 52.68 31.57 31.35 33.26 29.61 34.99 39.79 34.83
Snake gourd 55.61 43.29 48.08 45.61 45.44 44.48 35.69 36.70 41.22 43.96
Brinjals 52.88 49.39 47.79 63.24 45.93 45.94 42.46 45.77 42.27 48.72
Beans 86.06 93.18 66.63 78.25 97.08 83.01
Cabbages 41.84 78.57 28.90 25.53 45.73 42.14 43.01
Carrot 82.45 90.00 81.49 78.54 81.57
Tomatoes 61.56 89.72 43.00 66.27 55.69 67.56 102.71 68.42
Dried Chillies 193.47 193.83 180.67 183.08 178.08 192.86 200.00 188.51
Potatoes 93.71 71.83 90.33 88.88
Red Onions 73.88 56.67 63.45 72.14 65.37 80.53 66.55
Big Onions 68.10 64.47 52.41 61.89
Eggs (100 Nos.) 1,857.33 1,546.94 1,633.33 1,250.00 1,567.16 1,418.84 1,184.15 1,607.55 1,564.71 1,515.55
Paraw 598.82 453.98 426.95 430.19 385.50 460.25
Balaya 370.58 330.67 290.00 300.46 279.32 324.29
Kelawalla 569.32 443.22 371.43 356.53 436.49 453.41
Salaya 89.17 141.03 109.49 113.60 92.89 106.39

2015 (a)
Ash Plantains 56.47 61.99 54.45 42.36 45.24 45.86 48.59 57.50 51.18 50.01
Pumpkins 41.18 67.46 34.77 35.34 36.23 35.22 43.22 47.07 39.32
Snake gourd 64.32 52.42 54.22 51.42 55.17 57.03 43.00 49.77 58.43 53.18
Brinjals 57.23 60.46 49.18 69.77 59.88 54.65 48.03 54.55 52.14 56.75
Beans 123.67 119.38 95.00 129.29 127.44 150.00 125.74
Cabbages 52.92 71.54 50.52 38.18 64.56 100.00 58.20
Carrot 119.88 133.57 119.56 111.04 119.69
Tomatoes 66.23 80.51 66.25 77.45 68.19 74.62 112.29 76.18
Dried Chillies 221.63 224.03 201.82 217.95 202.73 230.00 217.68
Potatoes 99.18 72.71 100.15 93.80
Red Onions 87.06 73.49 88.19 71.78 80.00 75.66
Big Onions 95.63 76.61 93.33 67.19 76.31
Eggs (100 Nos.) 1,879.55 1,607.45 1,800.00 1,305.05 1,501.18 1,577.31 1,249.60 1,719.00 1,711.43 1,564.61
Paraw 642.97 475.96 433.24 543.93 416.40 504.49
Balaya 398.14 359.34 316.36 369.27 289.62 357.21
Kelawalla 598.26 466.79 296.92 437.85 448.39 478.90
Salaya 90.41 140.40 98.84 114.08 100.18 104.61
72
PRICES AND WAGES
Table 7.9
Retail Prices of Selected Food Items in Selected Districts 2014
Rs. per kg.
Item District Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Ave.
Samba Rice Colombo 73.86 76.20 76.90 81.51 81.33 81.70 83.07 85.99 90.45 91.81 93.49 92.65 84.08
Kandy 74.50 76.35 78.52 82.75 81.58 81.15 81.78 84.08 87.80 89.33 89.16 90.70 83.16
Matara 74.20 82.33 79.82 83.13 82.95 83.87 82.06 84.73 86.46 85.78 88.13 88.21 83.47
Anuradhapura 74.05 75.65 76.54 79.68 78.64 80.04 79.94 82.23 87.37 89.21 89.64 89.95 81.99

Kekulu Rice Colombo 61.61 64.49 64.02 67.17 67.63 68.31 68.05 73.98 82.32 83.10 84.56 85.23 72.50
Kandy 62.70 64.08 65.82 68.23 67.96 69.45 68.19 74.26 82.08 82.88 83.96 87.68 73.14
Matara 57.33 61.13 58.73 58.31 58.63 58.93 61.22 71.03 76.94 77.66 85.65 85.94 67.78
Anuradhapura 60.20 63.31 64.41 66.55 66.11 67.55 68.77 72.02 81.32 85.13 84.96 84.36 71.82

Beans Colombo 105.14 95.95 97.66 120.00 153.11 145.41 120.57 107.83 112.57 160.68 144.00 190.54 129.04
Kandy 94.88 97.25 88.90 109.75 151.30 156.75 127.25 101.00 99.13 143.25 140.90 196.63 125.19
Matara 119.67 101.00 96.50 123.75 165.00 163.33 125.63 117.50 125.00 179.38 148.75 205.94 138.88
Anuradhapura 92.25 87.25 88.80 118.41 161.81 179.02 152.40 126.92 119.13 156.97 161.55 198.57 137.78

Cabbage Colombo 66.71 60.54 61.44 62.51 83.97 118.65 121.62 96.47 81.89 90.68 104.89 129.32 89.55
Kandy 45.25 52.25 47.70 60.38 83.40 113.00 107.13 84.30 72.88 76.55 91.10 128.50 79.93
Matara 72.00 63.75 65.50 81.25 94.21 129.00 116.88 101.50 91.25 103.44 108.00 135.94 96.51
Anuradhapura 46.75 48.50 47.60 54.66 71.98 113.04 119.48 83.50 72.72 78.55 108.79 153.10 83.83

Brinjals Colombo 76.53 72.57 66.79 79.58 89.56 105.73 91.89 76.02 79.16 94.51 100.67 140.81 88.94
Kandy 69.63 72.13 59.30 92.38 92.80 110.88 94.50 68.20 68.63 86.50 92.90 146.63 87.13
Matara 65.00 60.00 59.00 82.67 84.88 108.67 79.38 70.50 75.31 87.19 84.50 121.88 80.99
Anuradhapura 58.25 58.38 40.40 77.84 75.43 90.65 78.13 63.58 59.78 80.66 81.81 142.62 75.04

Pumpkins Colombo 58.82 57.77 57.19 57.64 75.71 97.03 86.35 62.43 54.32 64.32 71.78 83.89 68.70
Kandy 59.75 59.25 58.70 65.00 80.10 94.50 80.25 64.10 56.50 64.25 73.30 84.50 69.94
Matara 71.33 70.00 70.00 70.00 79.50 106.33 90.63 77.25 70.63 78.13 78.50 74.38 77.89
Anuradhapura 46.75 43.90 44.70 52.39 65.52 103.91 83.54 54.17 43.04 52.76 64.31 67.38 60.62

Red Onion Colombo 122.17 104.14 99.79 111.57 125.00 115.21 100.48 98.13 106.90 111.45 129.36 150.96 114.38
Kandy 126.17 105.59 86.70 95.75 100.98 108.06 97.78 85.40 89.88 100.63 107.20 118.61 100.62
Matara 125.00 92.50 81.11 83.75 96.94 107.50 82.50 82.34 91.79 97.14 109.75 127.50 98.67
Anuradhapura 138.46 100.67 79.06 92.98 114.91 115.48 91.15 75.86 82.39 87.16 100.89 115.66 97.65

Big Onion (a) Colombo 85.00 70.19 70.46 76.00 84.25 85.49 93.09 100.26 85.55 82.68 89.21 112.52 85.99
Kandy 76.72 66.16 64.47 66.65 81.29 82.47 92.37 96.84 87.49 81.52 83.04 100.17 83.29
Matara 75.50 65.94 59.13 66.72 79.94 80.39 88.88 96.65 92.10 81.56 91.75 105.03 83.61
Anuradhapura 82.27 69.72 67.20 71.08 80.71 80.81 89.58 97.89 81.33 80.16 77.49 90.94 80.73

Potatoes Colombo 115.88 106.41 110.89 132.78 141.00 156.49 161.81 133.94 106.35 116.35 131.44 140.77 129.73
Kandy 100.15 93.45 108.80 126.50 130.98 145.88 160.40 129.60 102.00 105.10 127.54 141.60 122.79
Matara 110.67 99.38 104.63 124.53 142.75 158.00 152.66 115.50 100.78 108.75 128.50 130.16 122.90
Anuradhapura 101.61 104.23 103.91 128.33 137.98 136.82 148.52 117.74 95.65 99.68 120.52 130.44 119.53

Dried Chillies Colombo 220.53 225.34 225.69 229.17 225.00 222.43 227.57 228.70 233.78 236.69 246.63 256.62 231.49
Kandy 225.50 229.38 227.20 225.13 221.40 222.88 222.75 224.80 232.88 232.13 245.20 258.00 230.53
Matara 216.00 218.75 221.25 222.50 220.88 219.17 221.56 223.00 233.13 232.19 240.00 252.19 226.77
Anuradhapura 221.75 229.00 235.96 227.95 231.72 231.04 231.77 232.58 234.46 230.00 236.55 249.52 232.86

Kelawalla Colombo 776.25 744.86 710.43 758.33 766.25 795.28 803.65 815.56 827.78 742.16 771.78 794.72 774.72
Kandy 674.44 660.53 646.20 676.63 694.66 710.53 737.89 674.13 695.26 640.56 626.04 656.50 673.09
Matara 768.64 760.00 767.00 819.00 889.29 900.00 875.42 815.33 900.63 746.25 758.21 781.82 810.70
Anuradhapura 666.25 628.44 630.23 734.47 789.44 825.38 810.94 790.80 790.00 802.35 761.88 810.33 751.41

Hurulla Colombo 326.71 307.42 302.39 299.56 315.60 358.04 385.16 343.33 330.00 324.55 312.86 338.47 327.00
Kandy 353.16 342.25 341.67 342.89 341.30 347.63 367.79 340.43 353.33 334.12 322.92 353.33 344.22
Matara 416.88 370.83 350.00 360.83 419.64 458.00 427.50 421.88 373.89 319.38 391.00 372.78 385.38
Anuradhapura 296.76 297.78 289.29 290.00 287.93 326.05 328.38 319.91 319.50 307.63 303.93 326.05 307.14

Eggs (each) Colombo 13.85 13.57 14.40 14.36 11.94 11.83 13.99 13.00 11.89 11.50 12.06 12.59 12.91
Kandy 14.75 14.29 14.85 14.98 12.93 12.38 14.23 13.61 11.35 11.88 11.98 13.60 13.40
Matara 15.00 14.69 15.28 15.59 13.63 13.10 14.47 14.28 12.67 12.38 12.35 13.31 13.90
Anuradhapura 14.34 14.07 14.79 14.26 12.90 12.64 14.33 14.06 12.05 11.89 11.96 13.12 13.35

Coconut (each) Colombo 46.05 44.96 41.13 41.65 41.60 41.44 40.55 39.62 38.63 41.50 44.03 49.76 42.52
Kandy 43.95 42.75 41.88 41.78 41.56 41.38 40.58 39.05 39.28 39.50 44.75 49.37 42.12
Matara 47.47 50.31 50.40 48.41 46.63 44.40 42.34 42.35 41.38 42.40 46.53 53.28 46.36
Anuradhapura 40.60 40.88 40.06 40.82 39.10 35.41 33.38 32.02 32.74 33.42 39.38 42.60 37.42
(a) Average of local and imported Source : Central Bank of Sri Lanka
73
PRICES AND WAGES
Table 7.10
Retail Prices of Selected Food Items in Selected Districts 2015(a)
Rs. per kg.
Item District Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Ave.
Samba Rice Colombo 93.58 93.17 93.99 92.70 92.42 92.56 92.89 91.30 90.42 91.70 94.10 94.71 92.74
Kandy 90.36 90.00 90.75 90.95 91.94 92.18 89.16 89.46 89.37 89.52 92.48 92.78 90.73
Matara 90.32 88.19 88.40 89.06 93.05 91.87 92.80 92.16 94.38 95.78 96.07 101.03 92.79
Anuradhapura 90.35 88.08 88.21 86.77 86.12 84.98 84.24 85.13 85.72 86.97 90.20 92.92 87.40

Kekulu Rice Colombo 85.35 82.78 82.86 81.96 79.86 79.39 72.96 73.32 68.81 67.12 70.21 71.51 76.33
Kandy 88.34 85.40 84.38 84.20 82.58 81.48 77.03 75.64 72.13 74.17 74.85 75.18 79.72
Matara 85.08 76.15 72.07 68.88 65.98 65.53 62.66 59.15 59.34 59.58 61.06 65.06 66.79
Anuradhapura 84.19 79.33 78.24 75.92 74.17 73.20 72.72 72.22 72.87 75.41 76.13 76.90 75.96

Beans Colombo 304.42 244.50 161.22 113.65 149.91 217.10 183.08 142.72 138.65 175.85 254.80 287.57 196.45
Kandy 316.80 253.50 140.13 108.50 142.10 208.00 178.42 138.20 124.08 145.98 230.13 249.50 186.83
Matara 322.50 257.94 159.00 119.00 156.13 218.00 194.38 167.25 155.00 172.25 256.25 311.88 208.09
Anuradhapura 309.44 247.12 152.62 130.63 164.66 220.48 200.00 164.50 158.04 167.32 250.00 262.38 201.49

Cabbage Colombo 177.58 137.93 96.62 80.49 93.02 106.26 99.74 92.23 87.08 93.59 162.29 202.57 118.27
Kandy 177.00 132.00 77.75 61.75 74.40 102.38 96.05 74.90 69.74 71.74 138.63 157.13 102.93
Matara 200.75 146.47 98.00 85.67 97.50 108.33 101.88 95.75 93.44 92.50 143.75 192.19 121.84
Anuradhapura 180.19 135.58 85.48 74.79 87.93 114.52 100.65 89.00 76.52 82.68 157.61 170.48 112.16

Brinjals Colombo 207.21 101.46 83.92 74.59 89.23 88.71 82.43 88.96 89.03 87.43 129.86 147.71 106.19
Kandy 210.40 92.88 76.00 70.50 78.20 92.00 85.39 88.20 79.87 83.48 135.00 156.13 105.20
Matara 160.25 68.24 64.67 65.00 76.25 77.67 62.19 71.00 76.56 74.50 111.25 138.44 87.99
Anuradhapura 191.30 79.42 73.81 61.67 62.41 75.48 63.70 73.79 71.96 70.54 128.91 150.95 91.71

Pumpkins Colombo 94.35 135.77 109.72 82.57 66.49 59.19 64.13 75.33 74.03 77.33 92.34 77.43 84.12
Kandy 98.60 120.75 92.00 60.92 56.80 60.50 67.11 71.10 69.61 77.28 88.25 87.38 79.11
Matara 86.50 108.53 105.33 83.33 75.25 62.00 56.56 71.32 74.69 81.50 91.56 88.75 82.00
Anuradhapura 80.37 109.04 94.52 58.13 47.76 57.26 59.78 64.83 67.83 72.05 80.43 80.00 72.30

Red Onion Colombo 137.12 116.73 107.16 112.26 125.32 148.33 160.25 125.93 114.31 134.71 161.60 182.22 132.36
Kandy 127.00 120.63 100.83 105.28 112.98 144.53 161.83 125.50 110.59 134.20 180.75 172.50 132.65
Matara 132.14 116.00 88.25 94.08 114.21 122.00 134.00 113.08 104.67 121.88 144.38 136.67 117.35
Anuradhapura 130.10 125.48 101.00 101.56 108.97 139.29 153.00 111.12 110.98 134.11 160.00 164.88 126.85

Big Onion (b) Colombo 105.37 82.97 86.22 87.10 108.85 108.23 107.40 119.65 114.09 123.71 144.96 101.41 108.51
Kandy 104.11 77.75 84.09 81.33 111.73 103.48 99.87 112.41 103.76 120.06 150.45 84.91 104.73
Matara 108.13 90.56 80.50 79.02 116.46 100.25 95.16 117.85 107.50 123.22 144.25 84.53 107.07
Anuradhapura 93.78 84.33 82.24 81.70 100.65 102.44 96.36 104.94 99.83 102.45 136.30 92.16 99.04

Potatoes Colombo 120.76 112.93 120.14 125.28 133.88 142.17 147.73 140.60 131.67 135.32 151.61 142.29 133.61
Kandy 121.40 109.21 115.50 117.75 126.12 138.08 144.71 139.34 128.82 130.76 150.33 142.25 130.31
Matara 100.83 102.94 115.36 119.22 126.25 139.67 139.38 134.25 131.56 128.50 145.31 130.00 125.97
Anuradhapura 121.76 114.71 107.50 112.64 121.62 131.25 138.33 129.02 129.46 123.39 135.88 112.06 123.74

Dried Chillies Colombo 249.77 259.88 261.62 256.76 257.33 261.94 274.74 275.11 285.95 316.41 327.21 339.57 280.02
Kandy 261.80 255.75 262.75 252.00 250.40 255.75 270.79 267.50 287.11 305.54 351.38 357.00 280.52
Matara 253.38 259.26 260.50 252.81 251.00 250.50 261.88 269.61 287.66 306.38 321.56 333.13 275.35
Anuradhapura 252.83 258.56 266.19 261.67 259.48 259.24 267.07 265.67 280.11 299.29 333.80 335.00 277.15

Kelawalla Colombo 787.50 784.88 786.76 814.44 850.35 838.67 836.97 828.52 801.62 789.30 807.57 814.71 811.45
Kandy 685.70 646.81 679.34 728.95 736.04 730.14 724.34 834.79 754.38 792.95 750.59 740.25 735.38
Matara 853.33 800.00 824.09 869.55 940.00 860.91 833.75 855.00 839.17 790.33 860.83 870.00 849.71
Anuradhapura 777.38 760.65 690.25 763.81 772.14 716.36 768.57 760.45 815.28 712.20 791.36 792.35 760.04

Hurulla Colombo 333.49 320.53 335.56 341.38 368.75 382.41 375.69 362.24 347.00 314.42 346.55 357.08 346.33
Kandy 354.79 365.75 368.00 376.47 397.00 435.00 420.33 389.13 378.33 352.98 367.35 365.00 378.53
Matara 428.33 428.33 510.00 402.50 n.a. n.a. 417.50 420.50 422.22 405.83 432.19 411.43 421.49
Anuradhapura 318.33 309.20 300.00 329.00 336.67 326.94 340.91 338.39 319.25 276.35 314.25 333.61 319.94

Eggs (each) Colombo 14.35 14.11 14.14 14.14 13.93 14.03 14.70 15.76 14.49 14.23 14.08 15.34 14.45
Kandy 14.82 14.94 14.61 14.76 14.35 14.39 15.76 16.13 15.78 15.35 14.85 16.16 15.15
Matara 15.13 14.88 14.83 14.63 14.13 14.57 15.44 15.70 15.75 15.38 14.81 15.44 15.07
Anuradhapura 13.92 14.06 13.82 14.39 14.13 14.14 14.99 15.18 15.00 14.50 13.91 14.18 14.36

Coconut (each) Colombo 54.05 49.50 50.13 50.18 48.62 46.37 42.73 42.39 41.62 41.85 47.21 47.06 46.77
Kandy 51.00 48.88 50.10 50.88 50.80 47.66 44.61 39.94 39.53 39.66 44.11 45.76 46.16
Matara 55.53 54.50 55.97 57.27 55.80 51.80 50.13 48.68 46.41 45.65 46.00 47.34 51.23
Anuradhapura 42.48 43.00 46.45 51.17 50.38 48.50 44.37 42.38 42.50 42.32 47.72 46.21 45.51

(b) Average of local and imported
n.a. Not available 74
PRICES AND WAGES
Table 7.11
Nominal Wage Rate Indices 1963 2015
1978 December = 100
Workers in Wages Boards Government Employees
Year Workers Workers in Workers All Non-Exe- Minor Central Government

in Industry and in Workers cutive Emp- Government School
Agriculture Commerce Services Officers loyees Employees Teachers
1963 23.6 34.2 24.7 52.2 42.2 46.0 57.6

1964 24.2 34.7 25.3 52.2 42.2 46.0 57.6
1965 24.2 34.7 25.3 52.2 42.2 46.0 57.6
1966 24.2 34.5 25.3 52.2 42.2 46.0 57.6
1967 25.1 36.3 26.2 53.5 44.1 47.7 58.6
1968 29.0 42.3 30.2 59.7 52.8 55.4 63.6
1969 29.0 42.3 30.2 61.6 54.4 57.2 65.0
1970 29.3 43.4 30.6 67.0 59.2 62.2 69.2
1971 29.6 46.1 31.1 67.0 59.2 62.2 69.2
1972 31.0 47.5 33.6 67.1 59.4 62.4 69.2
1973 35.1 52.2 36.4 69.5 62.9 65.4 70.6
1974 43.9 62.0 45.5 77.4 71.4 73.7 78.0
1975 50.4 72.0 52.4 84.2 79.8 81.5 84.3
1976 51.5 73.9 53.6 88.2 84.9 86.2 89.1
1977 64.8 79.5 66.2 89.2 86.2 87.3 90.6
1978 94.2 98.8 94.7 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
1979 123.1 111.3 113.9 119.6 115.6 118.7 117.2 112.3
1980 153.6 138.8 130.5 147.3 126.0 132.0 129.1 120.1
1981 153.9 151.0 146.4 152.2 140.9 151.1 146.1 133.1
1982 181.2 161.0 169.7 175.8 180.6 194.7 187.8 166.4
1983 198.7 163.1 177.8 188.8 204.6 226.2 215.7 188.1
1984 250.3 183.3 190.7 228.8 231.4 260.9 246.6 211.4
1985 273.5 203.9 190.7 247.9 264.4 303.2 284.3 247.3
1986 288.1 224.3 190.7 261.3 276.6 317.2 297.4 247.3
1987 302.3 256.3 196.6 277.7 276.6 317.2 297.4 247.3
1988 378.4 271.7 229.5 335.8 364.0 414.1 390.0 331.5
1989 435.9 334.9 245.9 388.1 396.0 444.6 421.8 367.8
1990 517.2 379.5 267.8 453.5 439.6 513.5 476.8 404.5
1991 577.7 459.6 336.5 518.8 488.2 582.3 534.6 444.8
1992 664.1 510.8 365.9 590.0 507.2 609.9 557.6 461.8
1993 803.7 528.7 365.9 685.8 622.1 728.3 675.5 567.1
1994 821.5 555.8 431.4 712.4 692.7 772.3 735.5 595.6
1995 830.9 651.6 456.7 740.3 749.4 828.1 792.5 760.5
1996 907.9 682.8 559.7 801.7 757.1 878.7 818.2 760.5
1997 971.8 710.8 487.2 849.1 842.9 966.7 906.5 778.5
1998 1,097.7 807.7 506.4 953.3 959.6 1,029.1 1,001.4 805.5
1999 1,116.0 829.2 559.7 977.6 959.6 1,029.1 1,001.4 805.5
2000 1,142.7 857.2 559.7 1,000.4 1,031.3 1,125.8 1,084.7 865.1
2001 1,176.4 919.7 657.6 1,049.3 1,225.9 1,388.2 1,310.8 1,026.8
2002 1,269.6 986.5 678.0 1,126.5 1,410.3 1,636.7 1,525.0 1,180.1
2003 1,382.2 1,009.4 678.0 1,205.2 1,410.3 1,636.7 1,525.0 1,180.1
2004 1,397.7 1,044.1 751.0 1,233.0 1,709.0 2,039.5 1,872.1 1,428.4
2005 1,527.4 1,078.4 779.7 1,329.7 2,178.4 2,672.4 2,417.5 1,818.6
2006 1,567.1 1,090.7 779.7 1,358.2 2,853.8 3,463.0 3,150.8 2,304.2
2007 1,821.4 1,522.4 1,057.1 1,648.8 3,493.4 4,172.7 3,828.4 2,740.0
2008 2,286.6 1,877.5 1,370.8 2,070.4 3,749.5 4,494.7 4,116.1 2,938.6
2009 2,349.4 2,054.0 1,545.8 2,171.4 4,082.4 4,943.5 4,502.8 3,215.3
2010 3,327.6 2,199.0 1,673.3 2,865.3 4,210.4 5,116.1 4,651.6 3,321.7
2011 3,427.2 2,402.1 1,851.8 2,996.1 4,490.1 5,465.1 4,964.5 3,576.1
2012 4,433.0 2,402.1 1,851.8 3,662.0 4,803.6 5,831.8 5,304.7 3,821.8
2013 4,435.9 3,191.6 2,241.5 3,869.2 5,035.6 6,130.5 5,568.3 4,011.0
2014 4,560.9 3,459.1 2,313.2 4,012.2 5,462.2 6,691.7 6,058.0 4,361.9
2015 (a) 4,734.4 3,459.1 2,313.2 4,127.0 7,152.1 8,970.2 8,021.6 5,766.6
(a) Provisional Sources : Department of Labour
75
PRICES AND WAGES
Table 7.12
Average Daily Wage Rates in Selected Activities 2006 2015
Rupees
Activity Type of 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(a)
Labour
Paddy
Ploughing with Ploughs M 429 509 629 657 702 731 844 939 1,070 1,129
Ploughing with Mammoties M 365 428 528 576 632 700 795 885 940 1,045
Sowing M 529 574 637 705 783 879 931 1,041
Transplanting and Harvesting M 354 405 508 554 619 677 753 818 885 970
F 282 329 405 445 479 537 597 653 695 749
Manuring M 361 425 519 573 639 702 776 850 912 1,012
Spraying M 401 472 577 635 714 760 848 950 1,050 1,172
Threshing M 379 444 577 599 674 714 784 916 981 1,077
Winnowing M 365 423 544 581 623 682 775 857 922 1,019
F 285 311 388 424 454 508 586 662 687 795
Coconut
Digging Pits M 396 459 565 626 661 744 841 943 1,013 1,096
Planting M 357 431 530 588 631 699 805 901 954 1,024
F 259 305 370 419 443 509 581 663 668 710
Plucking M 482 569 727 816 875 991 1,114 1,281 1,361 1,352
Collecting Nuts M 317 369 455 503 542 597 687 748 791 856
F 238 275 335 368 417 451 520 581 602 646
Husking M 406 487 590 652 690 775 894 1,000 1,076 1,129

Tea
Preparing Land M 322 369 436 479 532 610 683 759 817 888
Planting M 325 366 429 470 525 611 679 748 805 869
F 241 269 313 355 392 449 511 580 628 667
Manuring M 323 371 430 486 544 617 684 760 820 875
Weeding M 312 358 422 468 525 583 661 728 781 854
F 233 266 312 356 394 443 514 570 622 671
Pruning M 374 418 499 552 605 697 776 854 929 1,019
Plucking M 274 314 361 396 444 491 548 620 637 679
F 273 315 361 395 353 395 435 489 524 555
Rubber
Uprooting and Cleaning M
323 376 471 501 550 606 687 763 823 878
Planting M
341 378 478 519 566 639 732 851 890 941
Pruning M
333 386 510 496 554 639 728 816 852 888
Manuring M
344 412 525 573 633 714 789 907 938 998
Tapping M
265 305 400 417 477 531 586 653 614 610
F
232 269 354 373 433 483 533 594 566 548
Building Construction

Carpentry
Master Carpenter M 615 709 828 922 1,003 1,115 1,248 1,334 1,407 1,487
Skilled Helper M 441 508 602 666 732 809 913 995 1,053 1,135
Unskilled Helper M 354 408 487 539 581 648 734 811 863 933
Masonry
Master Mason M 608 704 820 912 987 1,093 1,216 1,304 1,376 1,450
Skilled Helper M 435 500 600 668 731 802 906 985 1,044 1,122
Unskilled Helper M 354 407 494 555 596 655 740 816 867 936
M Male F Female Source : Central Bank of Sri Lanka

(a) Provisional
Note: These wage rates represent payment in cash without meals.
76
PRICES AND WAGES
Table 7.13
Minimum Wage Rate Indices of Workers in Wages Board Trades(a)
December 1978 = 100
Workers in Workers in Industry Workers in Workers in

Agriculture (b) and Commerce (c) Services (d) Wages Boards Trades (e)
Period
Wage Rate Index Wage Rate Index Wage Rate Index Wage Rate Index
Nominal Real Wage (f) Nominal Real Wage (f) Nominal Real Wage (f) Nominal Real Wage (f)
2014
January 4,449.0 118.3 3,459.1 92.0 2,313.2 61.5 3,938.1 104.7
February 4,449.0 118.1 3,459.1 91.8 2,313.2 61.4 3,938.1 104.6
March 4,449.0 118.0 3,459.1 91.8 2,313.2 61.4 3,938.1 104.5
April 4,449.0 117.7 3,459.1 91.5 2,313.2 61.2 3,938.1 104.2
May 4,449.1 117.0 3,459.1 91.0 2,313.2 60.8 3,938.2 103.6
June 4,449.1 115.8 3,459.1 90.0 2,313.2 60.2 3,938.2 102.5
July 4,449.3 114.6 3,459.1 89.1 2,313.2 59.6 3,938.3 101.5
August 4,692.3 121.5 3,459.1 89.6 2,313.2 59.9 4,099.2 106.1
September 4,692.3 121.8 3,459.1 89.8 2,313.2 60.0 4,099.2 106.4
October 4,734.5 124.8 3,459.1 91.2 2,313.2 61.0 4,127.1 108.8
November 4,734.3 124.7 3,459.1 91.1 2,313.2 60.9 4,127.0 108.7
December 4,734.3 124.0 3,459.1 90.6 2,313.2 60.6 4,127.0 108.1
2015 (g)
January 4,734.3 122.0 3,459.1 89.1 2,313.2 59.6 4,127.0 106.3
February 4,734.5 124.9 3,459.1 91.3 2,313.2 61.0 4,127.2 108.9
March 4,734.3 125.5 3,459.1 91.7 2,313.2 61.3 4,127.0 109.4
April 4,734.2 125.2 3,459.1 91.5 2,313.2 61.2 4,126.9 109.1
May 4,734.2 124.3 3,459.1 90.8 2,313.2 60.7 4,127.0 108.3
June 4,734.3 123.1 3,459.1 89.9 2,313.2 60.1 4,127.0 107.3
July 4,734.4 122.3 3,459.1 89.3 2,313.2 59.7 4,127.1 106.6
August 4,734.5 122.9 3,459.1 89.8 2,313.2 60.0 4,127.1 107.1
September 4,734.5 123.2 3,459.1 90.0 2,313.2 60.2 4,127.1 107.4
October 4,734.4 122.7 3,459.1 89.7 2,313.2 60.0 4,127.1 107.0
November 4,734.1 121.0 3,459.1 88.4 2,313.2 59.1 4,126.8 105.5
December 4,734.5 120.7 3,459.1 88.2 2,313.2 59.0 4,127.1 105.2
(a) The Index numbers are calculated by the Labour Department on fixed weights based on the numbers Sources : Labour Department
employed as at 31 December 1978. The wage rate used in the calculation of Index numbers are Nominal Central Bank of Sri Lanka
wages for different trades fixed by the Wages Board.
(b) The Index refers to wage rates of tea growing and manufacturing, rubber growing and manufacturing,
coconut, cocoa, cardamoms and pepper growing trades only.
(c) Including baking, brick and tile manufacturing, coconut manufacturing, printing, textile, tyre and tube
manufacturing, coir mattresses and bristle fibre export, hosiery manufacturing, engineering, garment
manufacturing, match manufacturing, biscuit and confectionery, tea export and rubber export trades only.
(d) This includes cinema, motor transport and nursing home trades only.
(e) Combined index for workers in agriculture, in industry & commerce and in services.
(f) Based on Colombo Consumers Price Index (CCPI) - (2006/07 = 100).
(g) Provisional
77
PRICES AND WAGES
Table 7.14(A)
Wage Rate Indices of Government Employees(a) December 1978 = 100
Non-Executive Officers Minor Employees All Central Government Employees (b) Government School Teachers
Period Wage Rate Index Wage Rate Index Wage Rate Index Wage Rate Index
Nominal Real Wage (c) Nominal Real Wage (c) Nominal Real Wage (c) Nominal Real Wage (c)
2014
January 5,359.8 142.5 6,553.6 174.3 5,939.0 157.9 4,276.7 113.7
February 5,359.8 142.3 6,553.6 174.0 5,939.0 157.7 4,276.7 113.5
March 5,359.8 142.2 6,553.6 173.9 5,939.0 157.6 4,276.7 113.5
April 5,359.8 141.8 6,553.6 173.4 5,939.0 157.1 4,276.7 113.2
May 5,359.8 140.9 6,553.6 172.3 5,939.0 156.2 4,276.7 112.5
June 5,359.8 139.5 6,553.6 170.5 5,939.0 154.5 4,276.7 111.3
July 5,359.8 138.1 6,553.6 168.9 5,939.0 153.0 4,276.7 110.2
August 5,359.8 138.8 6,553.6 169.7 5,939.0 153.8 4,276.7 110.7
September 5,359.8 139.1 6,553.6 170.1 5,939.0 154.1 4,276.7 111.0
October 5,359.8 141.3 6,553.6 172.8 5,939.0 156.6 4,276.7 112.8
November 5,974.3 157.4 7,382.2 194.5 6,653.0 175.2 4,787.6 126.1
December 5,974.3 156.5 7,382.2 193.4 6,653.0 174.3 4,787.6 125.4
2015 (d)
January 5,974.3 153.9 7,382.2 190.2 6,653.0 171.4 4,787.6 123.4
February 6,998.5 184.7 8,763.1 231.2 7,843.1 206.9 5,638.9 148.8
March 6,998.5 185.5 8,763.1 232.3 7,843.1 207.9 5,638.9 149.5
April 6,998.5 185.1 8,763.1 231.7 7,843.1 207.4 5,638.9 149.1
May 6,998.5 183.7 8,763.1 230.1 7,843.1 205.9 5,638.9 148.0
June 7,408.2 192.6 9,315.5 242.1 8,319.2 216.2 5,979.5 155.4
July 7,408.2 191.3 9,315.5 240.5 8,319.2 214.8 5,979.5 154.4
August 7,408.2 192.2 9,315.5 241.7 8,319.2 215.9 5,979.5 155.2
September 7,408.2 192.8 9,315.5 242.4 8,319.2 216.5 5,979.5 155.6
October 7,408.2 192.0 9,315.5 241.5 8,319.2 215.6 5,979.5 155.0
November 7,408.2 189.3 9,315.5 238.1 8,319.2 212.6 5,979.5 152.8
December 7,408.2 188.8 9,315.5 237.4 8,319.2 212.0 5,979.5 152.4
(a) The Index was revised based on the number of employees and total salaries as at 01 January 1986. Source : Central Bank of Sri Lanka
Index numbers from January 1986 have been spliced. Wage rates used in the calculation of index
numbers are the initial salaries and wages in each respective scale.
(b) Combined Index for Non-Executive Officers and Minor Employees.
(c) Based on Colombo Consumers Price Index (CCPI) - (2006/07 = 100).
(d) Provisional
Table 7.14(B)
Wage Rate Indices of Government Employees(a) 2012 = 100
Senior Level Officers Tertiary Level Officers Secondary Level Officers Primary Level Officers All Central Government
Period
Nominal Real Wage (b) Nominal Real Wage (b) Nominal Real Wage (b) Nominal Real Wage (b) Nominal Real Wage (b)
2014 January 109.4 105.8 114.4 110.7 115.6 111.8 116.6 112.8 115.3 111.5
February 109.4 105.9 114.4 110.8 115.6 111.9 116.6 112.9 115.3 111.6
March 109.4 105.7 114.4 110.6 115.6 111.7 116.6 112.6 115.3 111.4
April 109.4 104.8 114.4 109.6 115.6 110.7 116.6 111.7 115.3 110.4
May 109.4 104.0 114.4 108.8 115.6 109.9 116.6 110.8 115.3 109.6
June 109.4 102.7 114.4 107.4 115.6 108.5 116.6 109.5 115.3 108.2
July 109.4 101.9 114.4 106.6 115.6 107.7 116.6 108.6 115.3 107.4
August 109.4 102.5 114.4 107.2 115.6 108.3 116.6 109.3 115.3 108.0
September 109.4 102.5 114.4 107.2 115.6 108.3 116.6 109.3 115.3 108.0
October 109.4 102.9 114.4 107.6 115.6 108.7 116.6 109.7 115.3 108.4
November 118.1 110.1 126.3 117.8 129.4 120.7 132.5 123.6 128.8 120.1
December 118.1 108.4 126.3 115.9 129.4 118.8 132.5 121.6 128.8 118.3
2015 (c)
January 118.1 104.3 126.3 111.6 129.4 114.4 132.5 117.1 128.8 113.9
February 132.5 121.3 146.1 133.7 152.4 139.5 159.0 145.5 151.4 138.6
March 132.5 122.7 146.1 135.3 152.4 141.2 159.0 147.3 151.4 140.3
April 132.5 123.4 146.1 136.1 152.4 142.0 159.0 148.1 151.4 141.1
May 132.5 122.3 146.1 134.8 152.4 140.7 159.0 146.7 151.4 139.8
June 138.2 126.3 154.0 140.7 161.6 147.6 169.6 154.9 160.4 146.6
July 138.2 126.6 154.0 141.0 161.6 147.9 169.6 155.2 160.4 146.9
August 138.2 127.1 154.0 141.6 161.6 148.6 169.6 155.9 160.4 147.6
September 138.2 127.1 154.0 141.6 161.6 148.6 169.6 155.9 160.4 147.6
October 138.2 126.2 154.0 140.6 161.6 147.5 169.6 154.8 160.4 146.5
November 138.2 123.1 154.0 137.1 161.6 143.8 169.6 150.9 160.4 142.8
December 138.2 121.8 154.0 135.6 161.6 142.3 169.6 149.3 160.4 141.3
(a) Recognizing the need to have a more representative Public Sector Wage Rate Index, a new Index was compiled. Old index (1978=100) Source : Central Bank of Sri Lanka
covers non executive government employees and school teachers only. The new index covers all levels of public sector employees, under
the disaggregation of Senior, Tertiary, Secondary and Primary levels. The base period employment structure was based on a special
Annual Public Sector Employment Survey (APSES) conducted in 2012. Initial salary scales of specific occupations and due allowances
as specified in the Public Administration Circular No. 06/2006 issued by the Ministry of Public Administration and Home Affairs on 25th
April 2006 were used to construct the Index.
(b) Based on National Consumer Price Index (NCPI) (2013 = 100).
(c) Provisional
78
PRICES AND WAGES
Table 7.15
All Island Average Wages in the Informal Sector 2014(a)
Rupees
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Agriculture
Tea Preparing Land Male 814 803 829 811 813 818 824 819 803 834 834 800
Plucking Male 620 647 625 614 627 658 646 646 635 660 646 623
Female 502 502 495 514 514 539 555 525 535 550 539 525
Rubber Planting Male 889 906 925 906 850 880 882 905 864 888 908 894
Tapping Male 687 669 611 663 578 630 600 568 575 591 603 592
Female 630 608 568 623 539 577 543 529 534 544 559 529
Coconut Digging Pits Male 986 1,007 988 990 1,001 1,032 990 1,003 1,037 1,009 1,024 1,081
Plucking with Sticks Male 1,404 1,403 1,395 1,324 1,347 1,374 1,357 1,342 1,406 1,346 1,338 1,292
Paddy Ploughing with
Mammoties Male 845 850 880 921 919 905 881 963 985 973 968 1,012
Transplanting and Male 847 881 854 846 869 852 853 904 928 917 911 922
Harvesting Female 683 704 714 667 683 688 708 709 690 712 680 705
Housing Construction (b)

Carpentry Master Carpenter Male 1,362 1,370 1,379 1,392 1,396 1,397 1,404 1,421 1,429 1,442 1,440 1,442
Skilled Helper Male 1,029 1,007 1,024 1,037 1,031 1,046 1,049 1,042 1,066 1,091 1,096 1,117
Unskilled Helper Male 843 836 840 854 845 862 855 860 878 879 891 919
Masonry Master Mason Male 1,335 1,344 1,365 1,366 1,368 1,372 1,373 1,374 1,392 1,400 1,407 1,419
(a) Daily wages represent payments in cash where meals are not provided by the employer. Source : Central Bank of Sri Lanka
(b) Wages in the construction sector are paid on daily payment basis.
Table 7.16
All Island Average Wages in the Informal Sector 2015(a)(b)
Rupees
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Agriculture
Tea Preparing Land Male 850 859 847 894 884 916 900 890 893 898 894 914
Plucking Male 614 687 661 673 738 677 683 679 686 675 662 675
Female 497 575 559 557 585 557 554 552 532 556 550 568
Rubber Planting Male 950 977 935 965 970 950 925 931 894 925 910 946
Tapping Male 609 557 600 617 619 621 600 600 619 622 627 629
Female 545 518 543 563 550 557 552 544 512 564 551 575
Coconut Digging Pits Male 1,083 1,083 1,076 1,079 1,056 1,104 1095 1,085 1,102 1,099 1,127 1,151
Plucking with Sticks Male 1,316 1,404 1,418 1,361 1,318 1,317 1,331 1,293 1,278 1,341 1,419 1,435
Paddy Ploughing with
Mammoties Male 982 1,040 1,025 1,034 1,028 1,059 1,019 1,064 1,057 1,053 1,064 1,088
Transplanting and Male 931 951 962 953 960 963 944 1,003 1,018 962 989 999
Harvesting Female 709 763 791 724 759 707 729 775 774 755 755 751
Housing Construction (c)

Carpentry Master Carpenter Male 1,453 1,446 1,465 1,469 1,466 1,469 1,489 1,477 1,507 1,511 1,534 1,548
Masonry Master Mason Male 1,427 1,416 1,433 1,426 1,428 1,432 1,442 1,447 1,464 1,470 1,486 1,525
(a) Daily wages represent payments in cash where meals are not provided by the employer. Source : Central Bank of Sri Lanka
(b) Provisional.
(c) Wages in the construction sector are paid on daily payment basis.
79
PRICES AND WAGES
Table 7.17
Cost Indices for Construction 2006 2015
1990 = 100
Modern Semi Permanent All Non-Residential All All

Year Quarter
Housing Housing Housing Building Civil Works Construction
2006
1st Quarter 349.9 406.3 353.4 325.4 291.6 324.3
2nd Quarter 362.9 426.7 366.9 336.9 304.8 337.3
3rd Quarter 375.7 458.0 380.8 348.0 316.8 350.0
4th Quarter 389.6 490.1 395.9 360.6 327.3 362.8

2007
1st Quarter 396.2 511.9 403.4 368.0 334.6 370.2
2nd Quarter 404.3 538.7 412.7 380.6 349.1 382.1
3rd Quarter 414.9 557.0 423.7 394.4 364.9 395.5
4th Quarter 423.1 568.2 432.1 403.5 369.9 402.7

2008
1st Quarter 438.8 593.1 448.4 423.5 390.4 421.4
2nd Quarter 451.7 622.9 462.3 447.8 414.1 441.1
3rd Quarter 464.4 642.3 475.5 468.7 434.0 458.4
4th Quarter 471.5 666.6 483.6 462.9 427.6 458.2

2009
1st Quarter 472.0 673.6 484.5 452.5 419.9 453.6
2nd Quarter 471.8 684.9 485.0 452.0 418.9 453.3
3rd Quarter 477.9 685.9 490.8 457.4 423.2 458.4
4th Quarter 478.9 700.6 492.6 458.3 424.2 459.7

2010
1st Quarter 479.4 701.6 493.2 459.0 424.9 460.4
2nd Quarter 484.0 712.9 498.2 463.7 428.8 464.9
3rd Quarter 488.6 722.9 503.1 467.8 430.9 468.6
4th Quarter 489.7 725.8 504.3 468.9 432.2 469.8

2011
1st Quarter 501.8 738.0 516.5 482.2 442.9 481.7
2nd Quarter 508.7 762.5 524.5 489.5 447.1 488.1
3rd Quarter 514.3 780.5 530.8 493.8 450.0 492.7
4th Quarter 524.1 796.7 541.0 502.2 456.2 501.1

2012
1st Quarter 547.6 826.9 564.9 527.2 479.1 524.7
2nd Quarter 569.9 850.2 587.2 550.3 505.0 548.6
3rd Quarter 583.9 861.4 601.1 561.4 513.5 559.9
4th Quarter 601.6 871.0 618.3 573.9 515.2 570.2

2013
1st Quarter 616.4 899.5 633.9 587.2 524.8 583.1
2nd Quarter 622.2 924.2 640.9 591.4 526.6 587.6
3rd Quarter 630.7 941.9 650.0 598.5 530.8 594.4
4th Quarter 633.7 943.7 652.9 600.9 532.1 596.6
2014
1st Quarter 638.0 948.2 657.2 604.9 534.0 599.9
2nd Quarter 644.7 957.9 664.1 610.7 537.9 605.5
3rd Quarter 645.7 983.6 666.7 611.4 538.6 606.9
4th Quarter 646.8 986.4 667.9 611.4 538.6 607.4
2015 (a)
1st Quarter 654.7 993.6 675.8 615.8 538.8 611.7
2nd Quarter 662.7 1036.7 685.9 621.5 542.2 618.4
3rd Quarter 672.8 1040.5 695.6 628.3 544.2 624.6
4th Quarter 681.4 1051.4 704.3 634.1 546.5 630.3
(a) Provisional Source : Institute for Construction Training and Development
80
EXTERNAL TRADE AND FINANCE
Table 8.1
Summary of External Trade 2006 2015
Item 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(a)
Exports, Rs. Mn. (b) 716,579 845,683 878,499 813,911 974,387 1,167,588 1,245,531 1,344,054 1,453,176 1,425,791
Agricultural Exports 134,481 182,527 213,132 210,092 260,632 279,466 297,715 333,942 364,762 337,007
Tea 91,667 113,565 137,606 136,194 162,793 164,869 180,429 199,446 212,588 182,054
Rubber 9,674 12,066 13,535 11,327 19,580 22,811 15,726 9,194 5,916 3,548
Coconut Products 12,568 14,226 15,728 18,635 18,728 29,394 26,594 26,488 46,517 47,745
Other 20,572 42,670 46,264 43,937 59,531 62,392 74,966 98,814 99,741 103,660

Industrial Exports 562,450 657,052 662,220 600,621 688,759 883,771 938,762 1,001,808 1,078,725 1,082,298
Textiles and Garments 319,379 369,173 376,990 374,645 379,185 463,509 508,607 583,046 643,688 654,794
Petroleum Products 19,580 18,791 27,553 15,447 29,761 61,170 58,902 55,128 44,132 50,461
Other 223,491 269,088 257,678 210,529 279,813 359,091 371,254 363,634 390,905 377,043

Mineral 10,714 2,631 2,311 2,280 2,739 3,631 7,833 6,727 7,764 3,826

Other 8,934 3,474 835 918 22,258 720 1,221 1,577 1,924 2,660

Imports, Rs. Mn. (b) 1,066,689 1,250,386 1,525,705 1,172,618 1,519,737 2,241,488 2,441,879 2,323,128 2,535,163 2,572,467
Consumer Goods 185,461 184,129 217,295 179,722 279,762 404,037 380,968 410,996 503,021 640,352
Intermediate Goods 640,810 773,126 976,190 707,655 910,010 1,357,505 1,474,534 1,361,740 1,488,091 1,309,234
Investment Goods 233,637 287,363 309,092 240,284 311,496 473,974 582,921 548,604 542,169 620,730
Unclassfied 6,781 5,768 23,128 44,957 18,470 5,972 3,455 1,788 1,882 2,151

Balance of Trade, Rs. Mn. -350,110 -404,703 -647,207 -358,707 -545,350 -1,073,900 -1,196,348 -979,074 -1,081,987 -1,146,676
Export / Import Ratio 0.67 0.68 0.58 0.69 0.64 0.52 0.51 0.58 0.57 0.55
Export Indices (c)

Unit Value Index 182.4 62.8 66.6 72.4 100.0 108.7 116.2 117.5 121.9 114.3
Volume Index 143.3 138.0 135.2 115.3 100.0 110.2 110.0 117.3 122.3 128.0
Value Index 261.3 86.8 90.1 83.5 100.0 119.8 127.8 137.9 149.1 146.3

Import Indices (c)
Unit Value Index 188.7 80.5 82.8 92.5 100.0 119.7 129.7 125.3 124.8 114.5
Volume Index 163.4 102.4 121.5 83.6 100.0 123.6 124.2 122.3 134.0 148.2
Value Index 308.3 82.5 100.6 77.3 100.0 147.9 161.1 153.2 167.2 169.7

Terms of Trade
(2010 = 100) (d) 96.7 78.1 80.4 78.3 100.0 90.9 89.6 93.8 97.6 99.8
(a) Provisional Sources : Sri Lanka Customs

(b) From 2007 onwards categories are reclassified based on the National Import Tariff Guide 2010. Central Bank of Sri Lanka
(c) In terms of rupee. Trade indices were calculated 1997 as the base year up to 2006.
From 2007 onwards base year is 2010.
(d) Terms of Trade = (Export Unit Value Index / Import Unit Value Index) 100
81
Table 8.2
Selected Exports 2006 2015(a)
Item 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(b)
Agricultural Exports
Tea, MT 000 327 312 320 290 328 323 320 320 327 307
Rubber, MT 000 47 51 49 56 52 43 37 24 16 10
Coconut, Mn. Nuts 456 457 380 367 251 386 351 379 716 552
Vegetables, MT 11,005 12,761 12,279 15,670 20,994 13,446 10,814 22,737 40,460 25,846
Coffee, MT 106 61 86 60 26 10 10 19 57 24
Cinnamon, MT 12,334 13,400 12,459 12,234 13,682 13,747 14,762 14,148 13,949 13,828
Pepper, MT 8,191 9,061 6,253 6,580 12,971 5,065 10,532 21,703 8,353 17,027
Betel Leaves and
Arecanuts, MT 4,465 6,354 6,052 4,017 4,709 5,022 4,369 12,807 32,382 31,916
Sesame Seeds &
Other Oil Seeds, MT 2,059 1,184 315 1,449 9,201 546 3,298 7,036 4,942 3,925
Unmanufactured Tobacco, MT 1,399 1,578 1,278 686 695 708 861 1,142 1,162 880

Selected Other Exports
Petroleum Products, MT 000 319 283 310 269 436 589 504 511 398 908
Textiles and Garments, Mn.kgs.(c) 673 781 841 732 773 880 837 934 985 1,069
Mineral Exports(d), MT 5,077 5,152 5,176 3,018 3,231 3,341 3,094 3,083 3,116 2,834
Gems, carats 000 8,932 7,459 7,532 7,445 7,345 9,154 9,194 14,393 12,685 12,116
(a) From 2007 onwards categories are (b) Provisional Sources : Sri Lanka Customs
reclassified based on the National (c) Revised Central Bank of Sri Lanka
Import Tariff Guide 2010. (d) Graphite only
Table 8.3
Selected Imports 2006 2015(a)
Item 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(b)
Food and Drink, MT 000

Rice 12 88 84 52 126 28 36 23 600 286
Sugar 525 478 571 466 548 606 569 548 520 624
Milk and Milk Products
Milk and Milk Food (c) 73 66 66 65 76 88 84 69 71 86

Infant Milk Food, MT 1,866 1,114 1,343 1,442 911 1,756 1,446 1,545 1,172 1,613
Fish and Fish Products
Fish Dried (d) 50 52 48 49 49 50 41 39 36 35

Fish Other 27 35 29 27 34 33 31 40 43 85
Wheat Grain 1,200 952 919 1,026 1,051 1,242 1,084 895 1,179 1,208
Medical and Pharmaceuticals

MT 000 14 88 110 61 558 82 189 122 108 74
Fertilizer, MT 000 633 569 773 462 649 801 640 600 765 873
Crude Oil, MT 000 2,152 1,968 1,853 2,066 1,819 2,070 1,486 1,743 1,824 1,763
Cement, MT 000 1,849 2,117 2,004 1,702 2,012 2,584 3,796 4,123 4,363 4,092
Transport Equipment (No.)

Motor Vehicles (e) 65,679 44,289 19,460 3,767 37,522 68,763 103,182 32,321 46,647 134,715
Motor Cycles 209,635 177,193 153,657 112,307 226,426 252,036 186,372 160,524 314,060 349,385
Tractors 23,120 23,629 28,175 12,860 18,617 26,870 18,967 13,701 5,842 12,601
(a) From 2007 onwards categories are reclassified based on the National Import Tariff Guide 2010. Sources : Sri Lanka Customs
(b) Provisional. (d) Including maldive-fish, sprats and smoked fish. Central Bank of Sri Lanka
(c) Excluding infant milk food. (e) Including motor cars, vans, lorries and buses.
82
Table 8.4
Imports by Major Categories 2006 2015(a)
Rs. Million
Category 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(b)
Consumer Goods 185,461 184,129 217,295 179,722 279,762 404,037 380,968 410,996 503,021 640,352
Food and Drink 78,854 88,738 117,903 107,155 149,568 173,277 166,003 176,423 213,308 220,828
Rice 576 4,261 4,730 2,592 6,741 2,035 3,083 2,297 36,795 17,956
Flour 321 231 112 60 90 1,538 628 237 270 277
Sugar 23,256 16,753 21,988 25,045 41,077 47,091 43,872 37,187 33,332 34,164
Milk and Milk Products 17,761 20,513 31,221 18,948 29,214 38,182 39,023 37,572 44,308 34,088
Fish Dried 5,482 6,274 6,275 7,869 7,607 8,404 8,935 11,251 8,918 11,103
Fish Other 4,165 5,741 6,348 6,101 7,070 8,066 8,548 9,939 9,895 19,095
Food Other 27,294 34,965 47,229 46,540 57,768 67,961 61,914 77,940 79,791 104,144
Other Consumer Goods 106,607 95,391 99,391 72,567 130,194 230,760 214,965 234,573 289,713 419,524
Motor Cars and Cycles 37,635 19,127 21,759 10,195 48,720 94,473 61,189 74,691 116,165 168,869
Radio Receivers and Compounds 11,117 6,538 6,947 2,760 5,080 13,015 14,923 13,324 11,237 16,358
Tyres and Tubes 4,810 3,774 4,320 4,150 6,712 7,621 8,064 8,526 9,573 12,822
Medical and Pharmaceutical
Products 16,279 19,742 23,010 23,199 24,549 38,487 47,537 48,845 49,685 62,498
Other 36,765 46,210 43,356 32,263 45,133 77,165 83,252 89,187 103,053 158,978
Intermediate Goods 640,810 773,126 976,190 707,655 910,010 1,357,505 1,474,534 1,361,740 1,488,091 1,309,234
Fertilizer 17,036 21,422 62,420 20,851 27,157 44,992 39,859 30,972 35,591 39,573
Fuel 215,168 278,572 366,839 251,006 343,809 530,389 640,197 555,930 600,150 366,339
Chemical Elements and
Compounds 27,122 35,535 45,187 40,476 47,203 63,720 70,445 78,074 87,016 98,142
Dyeing, Tanning &
Colouring Materials 7,433 9,229 9,809 9,095 11,586 13,943 15,095 16,707 18,517 20,056
Paper and Paper Boards 25,685 19,393 22,165 17,587 24,763 29,230 25,615 29,082 39,169 41,834
Wheat and Maize 20,679 28,230 43,441 30,921 30,009 47,382 46,352 41,551 52,844 48,658
Textiles 172,171 190,894 193,764 175,681 204,542 256,592 289,546 264,302 303,907 311,965
Other 155,516 189,851 232,565 162,038 220,941 371,257 347,424 345,123 350,898 382,668
Investment Goods 233,637 287,363 309,092 240,284 311,496 473,974 582,921 548,604 542,169 620,730
Building Materials 56,822 83,406 97,405 75,290 92,905 118,935 157,437 175,054 170,901 184,176
Transport Equipment 37,928 45,316 52,315 40,926 66,991 117,737 124,773 86,170 92,367 125,927
Machinery and Equipment 110,853 158,078 158,907 123,731 151,223 236,857 300,138 286,631 278,257 309,811
Other 28,035 564 465 336 377 445 573 748 644 816
Unclassified Imports 6,781 5,768 23,128 44,957 18,470 5,972 3,455 1,788 1,882 2,151
Total Imports (c) 1,066,689 1,250,386 1,525,705 1,172,618 1,519,737 2,241,488 2,441,879 2,323,128 2,535,163 2,572,467
(a) From 2007 onwards categories are reclassified Sources : Sri Lanka Customs
based on the National Import Tariff Guide 2010. Prima Ceylon Ltd.
Serendib Flour Mills (Pvt) Ltd.
(b) Provisional
Ceylon Petroleum Corporation
(c) Adjusted Lanka IOC PLC
83
Table 8.5
Direction of Trade Exports(a) 2011 2015
Value in Rs. Million
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 (b)

Group of Countries
Value Share Value Share Value Share Value Share Value Share
Largest Export Destinations

United States of America 237,142 20.3 271,251 21.7 322,044 24.0 356,524 24.5 381,976 26.7
United Kingdom 122,969 10.5 135,177 10.8 139,173 10.4 145,716 10.0 139,907 9.8
India 57,388 4.9 72,411 5.8 70,174 5.2 81,575 5.6 87,449 6.1
Germany 56,387 4.8 58,008 4.7 60,487 4.5 65,015 4.5 64,711 4.5
Italy 67,453 5.8 64,862 5.2 65,914 4.9 80,203 5.5 59,011 4.1
China , People's Republic of : 11,367 1.0 14,416 1.2 16,885 1.3 24,565 1.7 41,849 2.9
Belgium - Luxembourg 62,516 5.4 68,029 5.5 57,986 4.3 41,261 2.8 38,447 2.7
United Arab Emirates 32,972 2.8 28,406 2.3 30,574 2.3 36,204 2.5 37,543 2.6
Netherlands 21,861 1.9 20,260 1.6 24,650 1.8 31,691 2.2 29,914 2.1
Japan 24,653 2.1 27,631 2.2 28,977 2.2 31,003 2.1 29,312 2.1
Other Export Destinations
Australia 14,086 1.2 17,221 1.4 20,109 1.5 21,377 1.5 21,771 1.5
Austria 3,349 0.3 4,043 0.3 3,877 0.3 3,893 0.3 3,809 0.3
Azerbaijan 6,060 0.5 5,899 0.5 6,699 0.5 7,253 0.5 6,361 0.4
Bangladesh 5,123 0.4 7,231 0.6 10,606 0.8 11,771 0.8 12,618 0.9
Brazil 3,482 0.3 4,818 0.4 8,128 0.6 7,154 0.5 6,017 0.4
Canada 14,002 1.2 18,325 1.5 19,599 1.5 22,469 1.5 24,591 1.7
Chile 3,590 0.3 3,893 0.3 4,556 0.3 5,735 0.4 5,225 0.4
Denmark 2,956 0.3 3,339 0.3 3,625 0.3 3,908 0.3 3,881 0.3
Egypt 3,769 0.3 5,303 0.4 5,744 0.4 5,376 0.4 5,771 0.4
France 20,371 1.7 22,625 1.8 25,211 1.9 34,513 2.4 26,176 1.8
Hong Kong 12,768 1.1 14,048 1.1 16,945 1.3 18,395 1.3 18,439 1.3
Indonesia 13,269 1.1 11,391 0.9 4,791 0.4 5,884 0.4 4,798 0.3
Iran 19,944 1.7 25,005 2.0 26,465 2.0 23,635 1.6 21,173 1.5
Iraq 9,468 0.8 11,124 0.9 11,594 0.9 12,013 0.8 14,291 1.0
Ireland ,Republic of 3,418 0.3 3,402 0.3 5,534 0.4 6,487 0.4 4,771 0.3
Israel 6,301 0.5 9,593 0.8 12,928 1.0 16,918 1.2 15,981 1.1
Jordan 4,434 0.4 5,624 0.5 5,686 0.4 5,880 0.4 5,228 0.4
Kuwait 4,673 0.4 4,255 0.3 7,611 0.6 6,929 0.5 5,422 0.4
Libya 2,596 0.2 8,665 0.7 2,868 0.2 5,990 0.4 4,485 0.3
Malaysia 10,846 0.9 8,812 0.7 6,047 0.5 5,830 0.4 4,967 0.3
Maldives 6,137 0.5 6,716 0.5 7,652 0.6 11,535 0.8 10,511 0.7
Mexico 10,819 0.9 13,210 1.1 13,174 1.0 14,585 1.0 14,427 1.0
Pakistan 8,324 0.7 10,561 0.8 10,726 0.8 9,700 0.7 9,948 0.7
Poland 4,854 0.4 5,048 0.4 6,125 0.5 6,861 0.5 5,906 0.4
Russia 31,119 2.7 33,468 2.7 36,144 2.7 35,749 2.5 26,320 1.8
Saudi Arabia 6,951 0.6 7,642 0.6 8,225 0.6 9,577 0.7 11,061 0.8
Singapore 45,206 3.9 12,732 1.0 13,566 1.0 18,413 1.3 11,274 0.8
Slovak Republic 3,256 0.3 2,355 0.2 2,728 0.2 4,561 0.3 4,358 0.3
South Africa 3,279 0.3 3,307 0.3 4,003 0.3 4,330 0.3 4,318 0.3
South Korea 4,994 0.4 5,654 0.5 10,116 0.8 9,551 0.7 8,734 0.6
Spain 7,601 0.7 7,272 0.6 8,680 0.6 8,534 0.6 10,295 0.7
Sweden 8,699 0.7 7,853 0.6 7,929 0.6 9,278 0.6 8,739 0.6
Switzerland 9,661 0.8 12,803 1.0 13,835 1.0 16,958 1.2 13,131 0.9
Syrian Arab Republic 14,291 1.2 13,614 1.1 12,483 0.9 8,078 0.6 6,538 0.5
Taiwan, People's Republic of China 2,504 0.2 3,226 0.3 3,985 0.3 5,152 0.4 6,036 0.4
Thailand 8,893 0.8 11,791 0.9 8,584 0.6 8,918 0.6 7,251 0.5
Turkey 16,695 1.4 17,798 1.4 24,734 1.8 33,906 2.3 24,507 1.7
Vietnam 2,200 0.2 2,642 0.2 5,461 0.4 9,696 0.7 9,896 0.7
Other 112,739 9.7 114,379 9.2 118,362 8.8 102,601 7.1 108,872 7.6
European Union (EU) (c) 395,381 33.9 411,864 33.0 422,591 31.5 455,926 31.4 411,044 28.8
Asian Clearing Union (ACU) (d) 97,019 8.3 122,143 9.8 126,429 9.4 138,980 9.6 142,413 10.0
SAARC Region (e) 77,396 6.6 97,234 7.8 99,825 7.4 115,097 7.9 121,085 8.5
Middle East (f) 121,238 10.4 126,249 10.1 144,228 10.7 158,028 10.9 145,195 10.2
APTA Region (g) 78,882 6.8 99,723 8.0 107,793 8.0 127,634 8.8 150,784 10.6
BIMSTEC (h) 71,507 6.1 91,652 7.3 90,169 6.7 103,029 7.1 108,032 7.6
C.I.S. Countries (i) 47,780 4.1 50,650 4.1 54,048 4.0 52,627 3.6 38,563 2.7
(a) The countries which are not mentioned have relatively smaller value of exports. Sources : National Gem and Jewellery Authority
(b) Provisional Sri Lanka Customs
(c) Members of the European Union are Austria, Belgium - Luxembourg, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Central Bank of Sri Lanka
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta,
Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovak Republic, Slovenia, Sweden, Spain and U.K. Croatia was
also included from 2013.
(d) Members of the Asian Clearing Union are Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Iran, Maldives, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka.
(e) South Asian Association for Regional Co-operation. Its members are Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka.
(f) Middle Eastern countries are Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Oman, Palestine, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Turkey, UAE and Yemen.
(g) Asia-Pacific Trade Agreement. Its members are Bangladesh, China, India, Laos, South Korea and Sri Lanka. Mongolia was also included from November 2013.
(h) Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Co-operation. Its members are Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand and Sri Lanka.
(i) Members of the Commonwealth of Independent States are Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Kazakhastan, Kyrgyztan, Moldova, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine
and Uzbekistan.
84
Table 8.6
Direction of Trade Imports(a) 2011 2015
Value in Rs. Million
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 (b)

Group of Countries
Value Share Value Share Value Share Value Share Value Share
Largest Import Origins

India 489,882 21.9 464,413 19.0 409,375 17.6 525,264 20.7 580,237 22.5
China, People's Republic of 231,309 10.3 340,283 13.9 381,275 16.4 456,130 18.0 504,619 19.6
Japan 113,285 5.1 70,417 2.9 86,243 3.7 122,886 4.8 188,853 7.3
United Arab Emirates 72,534 3.2 164,449 6.7 152,253 6.6 239,945 9.5 145,016 5.6
Singapore 234,834 10.5 214,696 8.8 217,180 9.3 164,485 6.5 144,538 5.6
Malaysia 75,683 3.4 103,513 4.2 73,608 3.2 97,205 3.8 69,116 2.7
Thailand 53,273 2.4 58,498 2.4 56,366 2.4 57,741 2.3 67,507 2.6
United States of America 29,406 1.3 29,839 1.2 53,765 2.3 64,275 2.5 63,991 2.5
Taiwan, People's Republic of China 38,937 1.7 46,631 1.9 56,213 2.4 57,882 2.3 62,485 2.4
Indonesia 38,265 1.7 53,381 2.2 56,663 2.4 58,906 2.3 62,435 2.4

Other Import Origins
Australia 28,560 1.3 26,601 1.1 27,531 1.2 30,996 1.2 36,500 1.4
Austria 3,730 0.2 5,262 0.2 5,903 0.3 8,109 0.3 11,056 0.4
Bangladesh 2,693 0.1 3,386 0.1 3,235 0.1 3,403 0.1 5,132 0.2
Belgium-Luxembourg 44,823 2.0 46,231 1.9 28,361 1.2 15,742 0.6 20,137 0.8
Brazil 5,189 0.2 13,149 0.5 16,484 0.7 16,829 0.7 17,316 0.7
Canada 41,744 1.9 42,087 1.7 29,537 1.3 40,442 1.6 39,837 1.5
Denmark 3,543 0.2 4,604 0.2 7,391 0.3 8,142 0.3 5,882 0.2
France 20,033 0.9 16,735 0.7 16,906 0.7 21,249 0.8 15,841 0.6
Germany 37,540 1.7 40,748 1.7 49,630 2.1 42,690 1.7 47,155 1.8
Hong Kong 69,871 3.1 77,205 3.2 55,493 2.4 45,867 1.8 49,668 1.9
Israel 7,104 0.3 10,690 0.4 9,867 0.4 9,196 0.4 7,022 0.3
Italy 33,236 1.5 37,561 1.5 32,569 1.4 34,590 1.4 28,477 1.1
Maldives 2,266 0.1 2,057 0.1 1,692 0.1 1,311 0.1 3,128 0.1
Netherland 9,071 0.4 10,053 0.4 11,090 0.5 10,971 0.4 15,614 0.6
New Zealand 30,175 1.3 31,201 1.3 28,213 1.2 33,062 1.3 25,211 1.0
Oman 22,604 1.0 13,486 0.6 99,624 4.3 73,095 2.9 25,680 1.0
Pakistan 36,911 1.6 45,091 1.8 48,846 2.1 36,505 1.4 40,411 1.6
Philippines 2,556 0.1 2,483 0.1 4,132 0.2 3,859 0.2 3,812 0.1
Qatar 7,661 0.3 9,879 0.4 6,840 0.3 7,462 0.3 4,836 0.2
Russia 8,222 0.4 11,582 0.5 19,288 0.8 34,009 1.3 32,775 1.3
Saudi Arabia 21,100 0.9 57,313 2.3 11,301 0.5 14,312 0.6 15,763 0.6
South Africa 3,919 0.2 2,890 0.1 4,697 0.2 2,820 0.1 11,666 0.5
South Korea 35,509 1.6 68,404 2.8 37,195 1.6 51,187 2.0 40,267 1.6
Spain 3,287 0.1 4,628 0.2 5,926 0.3 6,587 0.3 5,642 0.2
Sweden 6,470 0.3 9,816 0.4 9,011 0.4 7,070 0.3 11,659 0.5
Switzerland 74,552 3.3 29,860 1.2 31,195 1.3 16,915 0.7 17,295 0.7
Turkey 6,138 0.3 6,515 0.3 5,192 0.2 6,713 0.3 6,744 0.3
United Kingdom 33,557 1.5 37,945 1.5 36,292 1.6 37,888 1.5 49,506 1.9
Vietnam 10,887 0.5 12,610 0.5 23,429 1.0 25,090 1.0 33,247 1.3
Other 250,664 11.2 222,543 9.1 114,523 4.9 44,232 1.7 57,851 2.2

European Union (EU) (c) 205,178 9.2 227,141 9.3 214,973 9.2 207,323 8.2 228,907 8.9
Asian Clearing Union (ACU) (d) 709,803 31.7 614,723 25.1 465,797 20.0 571,396 22.5 632,781 24.6
SAARC Region (e) 531,786 23.7 514,969 21.0 463,164 19.9 566,491 22.3 628,912 24.4
Middle East (f) 320,685 14.3 364,399 14.9 293,321 12.6 355,935 14.0 212,383 8.3
APTA Region(g) 764,003 34.1 876,486 35.8 831,093 35.8 1,036,350 40.9 1,131,106 43.9
BIMSTEC (h) 546,716 24.4 526,779 21.5 470,139 20.2 590,294 23.3 655,795 25.5
C.I.S. Countries (i) 11,511 0.5 27,331 1.1 29,921 1.3 37,229 1.5 39,151 1.5
(a) The countries which are not mentioned have relatively smaller value of imports. Sources : Ceylon Petroleum Corporation
(b) Provisional Lanka IOC PLC
Prima Ceylon Ltd.
(c) Members of the European Union are Austria, Belgium - Luxembourg, Bulgaria, Cyprus,
Serendib Flour Mills (Pvt) Ltd.
Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary,
Sri Lanka Customs
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovak
Republic, Slovenia, Sweden, Spain and U.K. Croatia was also included from 2013.
(d) Members of the Asian Clearing Union are Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Iran, Maldives, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka.
(e) South Asian Association for Regional Co-operation. Its members are Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka.
(f) Middle Eastern countries are Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Oman, Palestine, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Turkey, UAE and Yemen.
(g) Asia-Pacific Trade Agreement. Its members are Bangladesh, China, India, Laos, South Korea and Sri Lanka. Mongolia was also included from November
2013.
(h) Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation. Its members are Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand
and Sri Lanka.
(i) Members of the Commonwealth of Independent States are Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Kazakhastan, Kyrgyztan, Moldova, Russia, Tajikistan,
Turkmenistan, Ukraine and Uzbekistan.
85
Table 8.7
Central Bank Trade Indices Volume(a) 2011 2015 (2010 = 100)
Category 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 (b)
Total Exports 110.2 110.0 117.3 122.3 128.0

Agricultural 97.5 92.0 97.4 103.2 95.6
Tea 98.2 93.5 95.0 98.5 91.3
Rubber 83.1 69.6 45.5 32.3 21.0
Coconut Products 116.3 110.0 112.7 170.7 159.4
Minor Agricultural Products 144.2 132.9 162.6 232.2 205.3
Industrial Products 118.2 120.2 128.7 133.2 144.4
Textiles and Garments 113.5 109.8 121.1 128.2 126.4
Petroleum Products 134.8 115.3 116.9 92.6 208.6
Rubber Based Products 117.0 112.6 109.0 108.1 96.9
Mineral Products 110.0 106.7 81.0 158.6 82.4
Total Imports 123.6 124.2 122.3 134.0 148.2
Consumer Goods 125.6 111.9 119.2 143.3 177.9
Food and Beverages 108.5 100.1 105.4 125.8 128.1
Other Consumer Goods 145.2 125.3 135.1 163.5 235.0
Intermediate Goods 123.3 118.3 111.1 122.9 128.7
Textiles 111.7 114.3 104.7 115.8 120.4
Fertilizer 122.9 97.0 88.4 112.6 129.5
Chemical Products 115.8 116.9 128.1 138.3 155.6
Wheat and Maize 117.9 102.0 84.8 123.5 121.3
Investment Goods 128.3 156.1 157.6 158.2 179.7
Machinery and Equipment 125.6 171.4 183.9 180.7 197.3
Transport Equipment 144.4 147.6 103.5 114.4 156.5
Building Materials 121.2 137.6 153.9 153.0 167.8
(a) Volume index is computed as a Laspeyres index. Source : Central Bank of Sri Lanka
(b) Provisional
Table 8.8
Central Bank Trade Indices Value(a) 2011 2015 (2010 = 100)
Category 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 (b)
Total Exports 119.8 127.8 137.9 149.1 146.3

Agricultural 107.2 114.2 128.1 140.0 129.3
Tea 101.3 110.8 122.5 130.6 111.8
Rubber 116.5 80.3 47.0 30.2 18.1
Total Imports 147.9 161.1 153.2 167.2 169.7
Consumer Goods 144.4 136.2 146.9 179.8 228.7
Textiles 125.4 141.6 129.2 148.6 152.5
Fertilizer 165.7 146.8 114.0 131.1 145.7
Wheat and Maize 157.9 154.5 138.5 176.1 162.1
(a) The value index is computed as a simple index of the ratio of Source : Central Bank of Sri Lanka
rupee values between the current period and the base period.
(b) Provisional
86
Table 8.9
Central Bank Trade Indices Unit Value(a) 2011 2015 (2010 = 100)
Category 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 (b)
Total Exports 108.7 116.2 117.5 121.9 114.3

Agricultural 110.0 124.2 131.6 135.6 135.3
Tea 103.1 118.6 129.0 132.6 122.5
Rubber 140.3 115.5 103.2 93.5 86.2
Total Imports 119.7 129.7 125.3 124.8 114.5
Consumer Goods 115.0 121.7 123.2 125.4 128.7
Textiles 112.3 123.8 123.4 128.3 126.6
Fertilizer 134.8 151.3 129.0 116.4 112.5
Wheat and Maize 133.9 151.5 163.3 142.6 133.6
Terms of Trade 90.9 89.6 93.8 97.6 99.8
(a) Paasche unit value index is derived by using the rupee value index and the volume index. Source : Central Bank of Sri Lanka
(b) Provisional
Table 8.10
Exchange Rates Year End 2006 2015
Sri Lanka Rupees per Unit of Foreign Currency
Country Currency 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Australia Dollar 85.22 95.58 78.05 101.99 112.88 115.58 132.24 116.67 107.64 105.10
Canada Dollar 92.83 111.01 92.76 109.29 110.90 111.58 127.83 122.73 113.12 103.89
Denmark Kroner 18.98 21.49 21.40 22.00 19.79 19.83 22.54 24.19 21.40 21.09
European Union Euro 141.58 160.27 159.45 163.72 147.56 147.42 168.13 180.45 159.42 157.37
Hongkong Dollar 13.86 13.94 14.60 14.75 14.26 14.66 16.40 16.86 16.89 18.59
India Rupee 2.44 2.77 2.36 2.46 2.48 2.15 2.33 2.11 2.07 2.17
Japan Yen 0.91 0.97 1.25 1.24 1.36 1.47 1.48 1.25 1.10 1.20
Kuwait Dinar 372.50 398.05 409.56 398.27 394.12 408.73 452.16 463.01 447.86 474.48
Malaysia Ringgit 30.49 32.87 32.58 33.33 35.98 35.83 41.57 39.77 37.52 33.52
New Zealand Dollar 76.02 84.21 65.39 81.85 85.63 88.01 104.81 107.50 102.83 98.63
Norway Kroner 17.15 20.13 16.13 19.64 18.86 18.97 22.79 21.51 17.66 16.38
Pakistan Rupee 1.76 1.77 1.44 1.36 1.29 1.27 1.31 1.24 1.30 1.37
Saudi Arabia Riyal 28.72 28.99 30.15 30.49 29.59 30.37 33.91 34.86 34.92 38.39
Singapore Dollar 70.21 75.37 78.60 81.32 86.14 87.58 104.01 103.26 99.25 101.84
South Africa Rand 15.43 15.98 12.07 15.39 16.74 13.93 15.01 12.54 11.34 9.27
Sweden Kroner 15.66 17.01 14.59 15.83 16.45 16.50 19.56 20.36 16.93 17.12
Switzerland Franc 88.14 96.75 106.94 110.08 118.51 121.02 139.28 147.29 132.59 145.71
United Arab Emirates Dirham 29.33 29.60 30.80 31.14 30.21 31.01 34.62 35.60 35.68 39.23
United Kingdom Pound 211.29 217.15 163.28 181.75 171.41 175.45 205.47 215.58 204.04 213.57
United States of America Dollar 107.71 108.72 113.14 114.38 110.95 113.90 127.16 130.75 131.05 144.06
Source : Central Bank of Sri Lanka
87
Table 8.11(A)
Balance of Payments(a) 2003 2011
Rs. Million
Item 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Trade Balance -148,324 -227,171 -253,082 -350,037 -404,703 -647,207 -358,707 -545,350 -1,073,900
Exports 495,426 583,967 638,276 716,579 845,683 878,499 813,911 974,387 1,167,588
Imports 643,750 811,138 891,359 1,066,615 1,250,386 1,525,705 1,172,618 1,519,737 2,241,488
Services (net) 38,443 42,735 34,043 26,660 33,357 43,557 44,780 79,766 121,635
Receipts 136,123 154,746 154,877 168,802 196,249 217,180 217,378 279,634 340,977
Payments 97,680 112,011 120,833 142,142 162,892 173,623 172,598 199,868 219,342
Income (net) -16,535 -20,688 -30,049 -40,424 -39,054 -105,032 -55,814 -69,776 -72,041
Receipts 16,385 15,813 3,629 32,457 50,213 -3,133 13,551 36,508 51,102
Payments 32,920 36,501 33,678 72,881 89,267 101,899 69,365 106,284 123,143
Goods, Services and Income (net)
-126,416 -205,124 -249,088 -363,801 -410,400 -708,682 -369,740 -535,360
-1,024,306
Current Transfers (net) 119,791 139,710 183,842 208,385 255,684 288,639 345,498 413,885 513,216
Private Transfers (net) 116,350 136,672 174,542 197,861 245,006 277,711 336,578 407,967 506,630
Receipts 136,475 158,291 197,968 224,678 276,814 316,091 382,818 465,166 569,103
Payments 20,125 21,619 23,426 26,817 31,808 38,380 46,240 57,199 62,473
Official Transfers (net) 3,441 3,038 9,300 10,524 10,677 10,928 8,920 5,918 6,587
Current Account Balance -6,625 -65,414 -65,246 -155,416 -154,717 -420,042 -24,242 -121,475 -511,090
Capital and Financial Account (net) 69,723 60,539 123,865 190,769 230,978 193,714 299,381 322,035 458,639
Capital Account (net) 7,146 4,974 25,108 30,292 29,669 31,456 26,832 18,521 18,126
Capital Transfers (net) 7,146 4,974 25,108 30,292 29,669 31,456 26,832 18,521 18,126
Receipts 7,768 5,643 25,863 31,171 30,735 32,774 28,465 20,599 20,382
Payments 622 669 755 879 1,066 1,319 1,633 2,078 2,256
Financial Account 62,577 55,565 98,757 160,477 201,309 162,258 272,550 303,515 440,513
Long-term (net) 69,721 69,805 80,391 95,089 140,054 109,174 149,772 268,228 364,307
Direct Investment 19,450 22,826 23,505 46,985 60,768 74,837 44,112 49,008 99,265
Foreign Direct Investment (net) 16,557 21,948 23,505 46,985 60,768 74,837 44,112 49,008 99,265
Privatisation Proceeds 2,893 878
Private Long-term (net) -3,201 2,270 1,054 -3,590 3,314 7,768 9,105 17,569 19,489
Inflows 9,738 17,503 19,739 14,469 22,033 28,693 44,795 65,934 34,376
Outflows 12,939 15,233 18,685 18,058 18,719 20,925 35,691 48,365 14,887
Government Long-term (net) 53,472 44,709 55,832 51,694 75,971 26,568 96,555 201,650 245,553
Inflows 88,106 78,299 75,309 97,690 144,146 114,658 204,435 276,582 333,307
Outflows 34,634 33,590 19,477 45,996 68,175 88,090 107,880 74,932 87,754
Short-term (net) 2,086 3,623 7,743 2,311 53,861 47,052 182,911 -82,412 -20,073
Portfolio Investment (net) 209 1,109 6,103 5,377 11,249 6,460 -785 -26,010 -18,979
Private Short-term (net) 1,877 2,514 1,640 -3,066 1,868 63,987 26,108 -116,655 -26,887
Government Short-term (net) 40,744 -23,395 157,588 60,252 25,794
Commercial Bank (net) -9,231 -17,863 10,623 63,076 7,394 6,031 -60,134 117,699 96,279
Commercial Bank Assets (net) -9,090 -45,367 -19,669 23,789 -31,352 17,889 -51,298 33,343 14,724
Commercial Bank Liabilities (net) (b) -141 27,504 30,292 39,287 38,746 -11,858 -8,836 84,356 81,555
Allocations of SDRs (c) 58,353
Errors and Omissions -14,487 -2,599 -10,494 -1,830 -16,259 80,534 40,082 -112,586 -53,399
Overall Balance 48,610 -7,474 48,125 33,523 60,002 -145,795 315,221 87,974 -105,850
Monetary Movements -48,610 7,474 -48,125 -33,523 -60,002 145,795 -315,221 -87,974 105,850
Average Exchange Rate Rs./US $ 96.52 101.19 100.50 103.96 110.62 108.33 114.94 113.06 110.57
Ratio to GDP in percentages (d)
Trade Account -8.4 -10.9 -10.3 -11.9 -11.3 -14.7 -7.4 -9.7 -16.4
Current Account -0.4 -3.1 -2.7 -5.3 -4.3 -9.5 -0.5 -2.2 -7.8
Current Account without Grants -0.6 -3.3 -3.0 -5.7 -4.6 9.8 -0.7 -2.3 -7.9
(a) This presentation conforms as far as possible to the Balance of Payments Manual, 5th Edition Sources : Board of Investment of Sri Lanka
(1993) of the International Monetary Fund (IMF). In addition, beginning 1994, Offshore Colombo Stock Exchange
Banking Units have been treated as a part of the domestic banking system. Department of Census and Statistics
(b) Commercial Bank liabilities include US dollars 973 million inflows in the form of long-term External Resources Department
foreign borrowings in 2012. Sri Lanka Customs
(c) General and special allocations of Special Drawings Rights (SDRs) by the IMF.
(d) Based on GDP at current market prices published by the Department of Census and Statistics.
88
Table 8.11(B)
Balance of Payments(a) 2003 2011
US dollars Million
Item 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Trade Balance -1,539 -2,243 -2,516 -3,370 -3,656 -5,981 -3,122 -4,825 -9,710
Exports 5,133 5,757 6,347 6,883 7,640 8,111 7,085 8,626 10,559
Imports 6,672 8,000 8,863 10,253 11,296 14,091 10,207 13,451 20,269
Services (net) 399 419 338 257 302 401 391 707 1,099
Receipts 1,411 1,527 1,540 1,625 1,775 2,004 1,892 2,474 3,084
Payments 1,012 1,108 1,202 1,368 1,472 1,603 1,501 1,768 1,985
Income (net) -172 -204 -299 -389 -358 -972 -488 -617 -647
Receipts 170 157 35 311 449 -32 116 323 467
Payments 341 360 335 700 807 940 603 940 1,114
Goods, Services and Income (net) -1,312 -2,028 -2,478 -3,502 -3,712 -6,552 -3,219 -4,735 -9,258
Current Transfers (net) 1,241 1,380 1,828 2,004 2,311 2,666 3,005 3,660 4,643
Private Transfers (net) 1,205 1,350 1,736 1,904 2,214 2,565 2,927 3,608 4,583
Receipts 1,414 1,564 1,968 2,161 2,502 2,918 3,330 4,116 5,145
Payments 209 214 233 257 288 353 403 508 562
Official Transfers (net) 36 30 93 101 97 101 77 52 60
Current Account Balance -71 -648 -650 -1,499 -1,402 -3,886 -214 -1,075 -4,615
Capital and Financial Account (net) 722 631 1,224 1,808 2,097 1,774 2,594 2,877 4,262
Capital Account (net) 74 64 250 291 269 291 233 164 164
Capital Transfers (net) 74 64 250 291 269 291 233 164 164
Receipts 81 71 257 299 278 303 247 182 185
Payments 6 7 7 8 10 12 14 19 20
Financial Account 648 567 974 1,517 1,828 1,483 2,361 2,713 4,098
Long-term (net) 722 680 798 907 1,251 1,016 1,304 2,379 3,308
Direct Investment 201 227 234 451 548 691 384 435 896
Foreign Direct Investment (net) 171 217 234 451 548 691 384 435 896
Privatisation Proceeds 30 10
Private Long-term (net) -33 14 11 -35 31 74 79 149 175
Inflows 101 169 197 139 199 265 390 580 310
Outflows 134 155 186 174 168 191 311 431 135
Government Long-term (net) 554 439 553 491 672 252 840 1,796 2,237
Inflows 913 771 747 932 1,290 1,059 1,780 2,460 3,026
Outflows 359 331 194 441 618 807 940 665 789
Short-term (net) 21 39 77 21 493 441 1,590 -730 -181
Portfolio Investment (net) 2 11 60 51 101 60 -6 -230 -171
Private Short-term (net) 19 28 16 -30 20 594 228 -1,032 -243
Government Short-term (net) 372 -213 1,369 531 233
Commercial Bank (net) 96 -152 100 590 83 26 -533 1,064 971
Commercial Bank Assets (net) -94 -354 -223 297 -281 210 -435 249 183
Commercial Bank Liabilities (net) (b) -2 202 323 293 364 -185 -98 815 788
Allocations of SDRs (c) 508
Errors and Omissions -148 -189 -72 -105 -165 728 346 -881 -708
Overall Balance 502 -205 501 204 531 -1,385 2,725 921 -1,061
Monetary Movements -502 205 -501 -204 -531 1,385 -2,725 -921 1,061
Average Exchange Rate Rs./US $ 96.52 101.19 100.50 103.96 110.62 108.33 114.94 113.06 110.57
Ratio to GDP in percentages (d)
Trade Account -8.4 -10.9 -10.3 -11.9 -11.3 -14.7 -7.4 -9.7 -16.4
Current Account -0.4 -3.1 -2.7 -5.3 -4.3 -9.5 -0.5 -2.2 -7.8
Current Account without Grants -0.6 -3.3 -3.0 -5.7 -4.6 -9.8 -0.7 -2.3 -7.9
(a) This presentation conforms as far as possible to the Balance of Payments Manual, 5th Edition Sources : Board of Investment of Sri Lanka
(1993) of the International Monetary Fund (IMF). In addition, beginning 1994, Offshore Colombo Stock Exchange
Banking Units have been treated as a part of the domestic banking system. Department of Census and Statistics
(b) Commercial Bank liabilities include US dollars 973 million inflows in the form of long-term External Resources Department
foreign borrowings in 2012. Sri Lanka Customs
(c) General and special allocations of Special Drawings Rights (SDRs) by the IMF. Central Bank of Sri Lanka
(d) Based on GDP at current market prices published by the Department of Census and Statistics.
89
Table 8.11(C)
Balance of Payments(a)
Rs. Million US dollars Million

Item
2012 2013 2014 (b) 2015 (c) 2012 2013 2014 (b) 2015 (c)
Current Account -501,869 -323,961 -259,436 -274,562 -3,982 -2,541 -1,988 -2,009
Trade Balance -1,196,348 -979,074 -1,081,987 -1,146,676 -9,417 -7,609 -8,287 -8,430
Exports
1,245,531 1,344,054 1,453,176 1,425,791 9,774 10,394 11,130 10,505
Imports
2,441,879 2,323,128 2,535,163 2,572,467 19,190 18,003 19,417 18,935
Services (net) 160,755 152,521 245,496 316,170 1,262 1,180 1,880 2,325
Receipts
484,936 605,104 731,863 869,634 3,800 4,685 5,605 6,397
Payments
324,181 452,583 486,367 553,464 2,538 3,505 3,725 4,072
Primary Income (net) -154,889 -226,086 -236,073 -286,137 -1,219 -1,751 -1,808 -2,097
Receipts 18,137 17,003 20,263 17,253 142 132 155 127
Payments
173,027 243,090 256,336 303,390 1,361 1,883 1,963 2,224
Secondary Income (net) 688,613 728,678 813,128 842,082 5,392 5,639 6,227 6,193
Private Transfers (net)
681,714 725,960 809,437 838,471 5,339 5,619 6,199 6,167
Receipts
763,980 827,689 916,344 948,957 5,985 6,407 7,018 6,980
Payments 82,266 101,728 106,906 110,486 646 788 819 814
Official Transfers (net) 6,899 2,718 3,691 3,610 53 21 28 27
Capital Account (net) 16,951 9,188 7,684 6,256 130 71 58 46
Current Account + Capital Account -484,918 -314,773 -251,752 -268,306 -3,851 -2,470 -1,929 -1,962
Financial Account 525,889 388,700 -200,261 -338,298 4,263 3,064 -1,536 -2,271
Net Acquisition of Assets 186,309 135,293 338,335 126,879 1,177 986 2,588 957
Direct Investment 8,157 8,399 8,725 7,236 64 65 67 53
Portfolio Investment -1,295 -29 -29 3 -10
Debt Securities -1,295 -29 -29 3 -10
Other Investment 47,384 -24,531 127,197 77,021 363 -191 973 553
Currency and Deposits 22,178 -58,839 36,115 21,127 162 -459 276 143
Trade Credit and Advances 11,769 29,128 50,000 21,866 90 225 383 166
Other Accounts Receivable 13,437 5,181 41,082 34,028 111 42 314 244
Reserve Assets 132,063 151,454 202,442 42,637 760 1,112 1,548 350
Net Incurrence of Liabilities 712,198 523,993 538,595 465,195 5,440 4,049 4,124 3,227
Direct Investment
119,813 120,817 116,721 93,681 941 933 894 681
Portfolio Investment 272,691 265,723 269,768 102,286 2,116 2,068 2,065 689
Equity and Investment Fund Shares 34,493 29,048 23,275 -7,835 272 226 178 -58
Debt Securities 238,198 236,676 246,492 110,121 1,844 1,843 1,887 747
Other Investment 319,695 137,452 152,107 269,228 2,384 1,048 1,165 1,857
Currency and Deposits 61,447 14,960 -38,152 209,324 447 108 -292 1,457
Loans 389,956 144,640 223,475 99,315 3,070 1,118 1,713 734
Trade Credit and Advances -70,629 -30,495 -53,145 -51,067 -571 -235 -407 -376
Other Accounts Payable -61,078 8,348 19,929 11,657 -563 58 151 41

Errors and Omissions -40,957 -73,927 51,492 -69,993 -412 -594 393 -308

Overall balance 72,638 226,086 180,904 -129,654 151 985 1,369 -1,489
(a) The classification used in this table follows the Source : Central Bank of Sri Lanka
Balance of Payments Manual 6th edition (2009) of the IMF.
(b) Revised
(c) Provisional
Negligible
90
Table 8.12
Workers Remittances 2006 2015
Region 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014(a) 2015(a)
Rs. million
Middle East 128,282 160,502 189,039 229,298 279,688 335,201 428,593 460,195 509,487 512,437
European Union 42,686 55,346 56,901 69,287 81,905 97,886 136,752 149,812 165,858 166,068
Far East Asia 11,458 14,943 18,967 23,351 27,922 44,390 64,938 72,009 79,722 94,896
Europe Other 14,828 14,943 13,909 17,035 20,011 25,610 35,143 39,729 43,984 41,754
North America 12,356 11,623 12,329 14,546 15,823 17,073 22,155 24,003 26,574 28,469
South East Asia 5,392 8,302 9,800 11,484 16,288 22,764 33,615 37,246 41,235 53,142
Australia and New Zealand 2,921 3,597 6,006 6,508 9,307 11,382 16,808 19,037 21,076 21,826
South Asia 2,247 2,767 3,477 4,594 6,515 5,691 11,460 10,760 11,912 13,285
South and Central America 2,247 2,214 2,529 3,254 3,956 4,553 6,112 7,449 8,247 8,541
Other 2,247 2,491 3,161 3,445 3,956 4,553 8,404 7,449 8,247 8,541
Total 224,663 276,728 316,118 382,801 465,372 569,103 763,980 827,689 916,344 948,957

US dollars million
Middle East 1,234 1,451 1,745 1,995 2,474 3,030 3,358 3,562 3,902 3,769
European Union 411 500 525 603 724 885 1,071 1,160 1,270 1,222
Far East Asia 110 135 175 203 247 401 509 557 611 698
Europe Other 143 135 128 148 177 232 275 308 337 307
North America 119 105 114 127 140 154 174 186 204 209
South East Asia 52 75 90 100 144 206 263 288 316 391
Australia and New Zealand 28 33 55 57 82 103 132 147 161 161
South Asia 22 25 32 40 58 51 90 83 91 98
South and Central America 22 20 23 28 35 41 48 58 63 63
Other 22 23 29 30 35 41 66 58 63 63
Total 2,161 2,502 2,918 3,330 4,116 5,145 5,985 6,407 7,018 6,980
Percentage Share
Middle East 57.1 58.0 59.8 59.9 60.1 58.9 56.1 55.6 55.6 54.0
European Union 19.0 20.0 18.0 18.1 17.6 17.2 17.9 18.1 18.1 17.5
Far East Asia 5.1 5.4 6.0 6.1 6.0 7.8 8.5 8.7 8.7 10.0
Europe Other 6.6 5.4 4.4 4.4 4.3 4.5 4.6 4.8 4.8 4.4
North America 5.5 4.2 3.9 3.8 3.4 3.0 2.9 2.9 2.9 3.0
South East Asia 2.4 3.0 3.1 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.4 4.5 4.5 5.6
Australia and New Zealand 1.3 1.3 1.9 1.7 2.0 2.0 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.3
South Asia 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.4 1.0 1.5 1.3 1.3 1.4
South and Central America 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9
Other 1.0 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.8 1.1 0.9 0.9 0.9
Total 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100
(a) Provisional. Source : Central Bank of Sri Lanka
91
Table 8.13
Tourism 2006 2015
Item 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014(a) 2015(b)
Total Tourist Arrivals 559,603 494,008 438,475 447,890 654,476 855,975 1,005,605 1,274,593 1,527,153 1,798,380

Tourist Arrivals by Region
Europe 242,666 220,021 196,627 196,433 292,378 365,630 445,464 546,732 633,160 700,900
Asia 242,132 202,480 173,042 174,534 244,124 333,841 380,289 509,653 650,810 822,272
North America 35,323 28,355 24,311 24,948 40,216 49,057 59,236 65,616 72,653 84,943
Australasia 25,127 22,924 21,839 26,068 37,290 46,467 57,776 60,836 65,252 71,672
Middle East 10,345 13,554 16,776 23,741 37,540 56,330 56,169 80,509 88,991 101,066
Africa 3,235 2,712 2,141 1,549 2,308 3,614 5,045 8,081 12,163 12,899
Latin America & Caribbeans 775 3,962 3,739 617 620 1036 1,626 3,166 4,124 4,628

Tourist Arrivals by Purpose of Visits
Pleasure 392,766 331,238 321,079 358,188 516,538 687,830(a) 748,436 915,208 1,037,644 1,198,240(c)
Business 96,981 52,116 37,261 38,473 83,270 68,436(a) 90,040 67,946 20,270 23,323(c)
Other 69,856 110,654 80,135 51,229 54,668 99,709(a) 167,129 291,439 469,239 576,817(c)

Excursionist Arrivals 128,719 98,432 87,695 89,526 112,497 119,875 126,523 140,009 138,097 195,134

Total Charter Carrier Arrivals 5,116 8,489 13,429 5,469 7,765 14,721 5,192 n.a. n.a. n.a.

Establishments Providing
Accommodation 749 758 834 871 783 906 894 967 1,055 1,763
Graded Establishments 241 245 256 242 253 252 269 279 310 354
Rooms 14,218 14,604 14,793 14,461 14,714 14,653 15,510 16,223 18,078 19,377
Beds 27,117 27,500 28,698 28,344 28,978 28,844 30,880 32,284 35,976 38,535(c)
Supplementary Establishments 508 513 578 629 530 654 625 688 745 1,409
Rooms 4,989 5,030 5,319 5,946 5,895 6,141 6,632 7,373 7,959 10,702
Beds 8,232 8,299 9,712 11,654 11,210 11,668 13,176 14,450 15,598 20,211(c)

Annual Room Occupancy Rate, % 47.8 46.2 43.9 48.4 70.2 77.1 71.2 71.7 74.3 74.5

Employment in Tourist Industry 133,558 145,238 123,134 124,970 132,055 138,685 162,869 270,150 299,890 319,436
Direct Employment 55,649 60,516 51,306 52,071 55,023 57,786 67,862 112,550 129,790 135,930(c)
Estimated Indirect Employment 77,909 84,722 71,828 72,899 77,032 80,899 95,007 157,600 170,100 183,506

Gross Tourist Receipts
Rs. Mn. 42,586 42,571 37,094 40,133 65,018 91,926 132,427 221,720 317,479 405,492
US $ Mn. 410 385 342 350 575 830 1,039 1,715 2,431 2,981
(a) Revised. Sources : Sri Lanka Tourism Development Authority

(b) Provisional. Central Bank of Sri Lanka
(c) Estimates.
n.a. Not available
Note : The term tourist is used to describe visitors who spend one night or more in the country.
The term excursionist identifies those who do not make an overnight stay but spend several hours in the country.
92
Table 8.14
External Debt and Debt Service Payments 2006 2015
Rs. Million
Category 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014(a) 2015(b)
External Debt
Short-term 283,088 391,811 467,157 611,916 666,567 825,562 816,246 885,234 951,795 1,091,574
General Government 66,306 73,240 66,331 52,260 4,813
Central Bank 93,299 29,545 38,029 58,073 69,536
Deposit-Taking Corporations,
except the Central Bank 383,427 470,619 507,795 622,035 830,153
Other Sectors 282,530 242,841 273,080 219,427 187,072
Long-term 1,222,175 1,400,883 1,543,952 1,780,313 2,088,449 2,904,462 3,901,083 4,332,500 4,672,034 5,361,983
General Government 2,243,132 2,740,138 2,848,167 3,110,214 3,550,762
Central Bank 287,627 421,676 348,424 238,604 337,135
Deposit-Taking Corporations,
except the Central Bank 154,471 375,872 443,737 488,860
Other Sectors 239,808 359,007 485,429 546,090 593,573
Direct Investment:
Intercompany Lending 133,894 225,790 274,608 333,389 391,652
Total Debt Outstanding 1,505,263 1,792,643 2,011,109 2,392,229 2,755,017 3,730,024 4,717,329 5,217,735 5,623,829 6,453,557
% of GDP (c) 51.2 50.1 45.6 49.5 49.2 57.0 62.2 60.2 53.8 57.7
Debt Service Payments (d) 277,297 230,616 208,984 199,233 334,592 456,095 454,248 636,614
Amortization 228,488 189,621 138,941 121,246 222,916 319,749 303,347 470,301
Interest Payments 48,809 40,995 70,043 77,987 111,676 136,346 150,901 166,313

Earnings from Exports of
Merchandise and Services 1,095,679 1,031,289 1,254,021 1,508,565 1,730,467 1,949,158 2,185,039 2,295,424

Receipts from Exports of
Merchandise, Services Income
and Current Transfers 1,419,565 1,436,578 1,761,613 2,135,356 2,519,483 2,796,568 3,125,336 3,265,245

Debt Service Ratio
Debt Service as a % of
Exports and Services 25.3 22.4 16.7 13.2 19.7 26.8 20.8 27.7
Debt Service as a % of
Merchandise and Services,
Income and Current Transfers 19.5 16.1 11.9 9.3 13.5 18.7 14.5 19.5
Government Debt Service Payments

81.6 74.5 65.3 82.1 81.9 59.1 62.4 60.7
(as a % of Total Debt Service Payments)
(a) Revised Sources : External Resources Department

(c) Based on GDP at current market prices in rupees, as published by the Department of Census and Statistics.
(d) External debt service payments were reclassified from 2008 onwards to capture debt servicing of
government securities (i.e., foreign holding of Treasury bonds) in accordance with the External Debt
Statistics Manual (2003) of the International Monetary Fund.
93
MONEY AND CAPITAL MARKETS
Table 9.1
Reserve Money 2006 2015
Rs. Million
Item 2006(a) 2007(a) 2008(a) 2009(a) 2010 2011 2012 2013(a) 2014 2015(b)
Reserve Money
Currency Holdings 157,240 173,364 186,099 217,430 255,652 293,233 318,060 339,771 416,895 491,700
Public 135,020 147,183 155,023 181,840 216,549 242,871 251,539 264,607 329,426 388,057
Commercial Banks 22,220 26,181 31,076 35,590 39,104 50,362 66,522 75,164 87,469 103,643

Commercial Banks Deposits
with the Central Bank 82,615 91,503 82,311 86,086 104,853 146,269 166,288 148,810 161,009 181,727

Deposits of Govt. Agencies
with the Central Bank 8 3 15 22 6 2 14 5 7 5
Total (Reserve Money) 239,863 264,419 268,425 303,537 360,511 439,504 484,362 488,586 577,912 673,432

Factors Determining Reserve Money
Net Foreign Assets of

the Central Bank 229,860 292,927 148,157 412,202 505,463 340,090 396,468 529,128 688,007 576,187
Foreign Assets 360,564 440,327 325,439 685,659 862,534 838,607 965,910

1,058,355
1,129,975
1,126,674
Less: Foreign Liabilities 130,707 147,407 177,295 273,481 357,069 498,543 569,454 529,238 441,987 550,504

Net Credit to Govt. by
the Central Bank 112,942 101,079 217,352 109,005 76,894 262,742 278,843 114,007 149,672 229,926
Gross Credit 114,290 102,492 218,582 111,331 79,977 264,540 279,529 114,419 149,976 230,349
Government &
Govt. Guaranteed Securities 65,275 41,813 142,274 37,451 2,098 169,797 168,237 5,252 6,078 79,217
Advances 49,015 60,679 76,308 73,881 77,879 94,743 111,292 109,167 143,898 151,132
Cash Items in Collection 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Less: Govt. Deposits with
the Central Bank 1,348 1,413 1,231 2,326 3,083 1,797 686 411 305 423

Central Bank Credit to
Financial Institutions 2,487 2,094 21,150 1,137 2,460 2,132 1,022 14,993 16,749 2,811

Net Other Assets of
the Central Bank -105,425 -131,679 -118,234 -218,808 -224,306 -165,461 -191,970 -169,543 -276,516 -129,869
Other Assets 14,945 16,999 19,443 17,722 22,037 22,323 30,960 47,628 49,210 48,380
Less: Other Liabilities 120,370 148,677 137,677 236,528 246,343 187,784 222,931 217,170 325,726 178,250

Total (Reserve Money) 239,863 264,419 268,425 303,537 360,511 439,504 484,362 488,586 577,912 673,432
(a) Revised Source : Central Bank of Sri Lanka

(b) Provisional
94
Table 9.2
Money Supply 2006 2015
Rs. Million
Item 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(a)
Monetary Aggregates
Currency 157,240 173,364 186,099 217,430 255,652 293,233 318,060 339,771 416,895 491,700
Held by the Government 1 1
Held by Commercial Banks 22,220 26,181 31,076 35,590 39,104 50,362 66,522 75,164 87,469 103,643
Held by the Public 135,019 147,182 155,023 181,840 216,549 242,871 251,538 264,607 329,426 388,057
Demand Deposits 338,041 366,164 386,520 428,429 593,437 771,688 867,583 818,293 832,129 999,640
Held by the Government 32,045 35,812 24,527 22,722 37,690 35,488 26,084 25,165 34,745 44,627
Held by Commercial Banks 181,330 210,942 239,693 250,837 365,104 540,364 642,989 573,157 514,655 628,103
Held by the Public 124,665 119,409 122,300 154,870 190,643 195,836 198,510 219,971 282,729 326,910

Narrow Money Supply (M1) 259,685 266,592 277,323 336,710 407,192 438,707 450,049 484,578 612,155 714,967
Quasi-Money (b)
Held in Rupee Deposits 733,580 881,150 1,004,871 1,200,045 1,405,808 1,753,896 2,143,136 2,574,215 2,848,402 3,342,224
Held in Rupee and
Foreign Currency Deposits 944,866 1,137,426 1,245,453 1,469,459 1,684,216 2,053,032 2,479,021 2,933,275 3,263,698 3,850,929
Broad Money Supply (M2) (c) 993,264 1,147,742 1,282,194 1,536,755 1,813,000 2,192,603 2,593,185 3,058,793 3,460,558 4,057,191
Consolidated Broad Money Supply (M2b)(d) 1,204,550 1,404,019 1,522,776 1,806,169 2,091,408 2,491,740 2,929,070 3,417,853 3,875,853 4,565,896
Underlying Factors M2
Net External Banking Assets 185,005 225,989 88,760 358,554 390,284 150,916 112,395 133,808 318,203 206,923
Domestic Credit 1,138,805 1,303,305 1,582,340 1,630,858 1,920,515 2,628,418 3,176,184 3,601,713 3,923,201 4,827,959
Net Credit to Government 256,553 261,654 471,839 513,843 494,804 735,562 912,850 1,109,663 1,227,794 1,387,711
By Central Bank 112,942 101,079 217,352 109,005 76,894 262,742 278,843 114,007(d) 149,672(d) 229,926
By Commercial Banks (e) 143,611 160,575 254,488 404,838 417,911 472,819 634,007 995,656 1,078,123 1,157,846
Public Corporations 25,410 11,659 15,085 73,233 91,927 71,385 91,258 164,674 192,137 254,112
Co-operatives 1,135 1,464 1,948 1,830 1,829 2,131 2,453 1,976 1,936 1,828
Other Private 855,706 1,028,528 1,093,468 1,041,952 1,331,955 1,819,341 2,169,624 2,325,400 2,501,335 3,184,247
Credit to Private Sector 856,842 1,029,993 1,095,416 1,043,782 1,333,784 1,821,472 2,172,076 2,327,376 2,503,270 3,186,075
Other items (Net) (e) -330,545 -381,552 -388,906 -452,658 -497,799 -586,730 -695,395 -676,729 -780,846 -977,691

Total: Broad Money Supply (M2) 993,264 1,147,742 1,282,194 1,536,755 1,813,000 2,192,603 2,593,185 3,058,793 3,460,558 4,057,191

Reserve Money 239,863 264,419 268,425 303,537 360,511 439,504 484,362 488,586 577,912 673,432
Money Supply (12 Month Average)

M1 239,142 260,587 270,541 284,673 362,717 426,005 437,590 455,925 528,688 643,305
M2 901,941 1,070,029 1,212,736 1,400,494 1,662,475 2,008,806 2,398,836 2,854,327 3,247,201 3,720,366
M2b 1,105,268 1,308,878 1,465,236 1,665,465 1,920,181 2,291,879 2,752,434 3,206,259 3,630,606 4,186,257

Money Multiplier (f) : of M1 1.08 1.01 1.03 1.11 1.13 1.00 0.93 0.99 1.06 1.06
of M2 4.14 4.34 4.78 5.06 5.03 4.99 5.35 6.26 5.99 6.02
of M2b 5.02 5.31 5.67 5.95 5.80 5.67 6.05 7.00 6.71 6.78
Velocity of Money (g)
of M1 12.29 13.73 16.30 16.99 17.68 16.95 19.96 21.04 19.76 17.38
of M2 3.26 3.34 3.64 3.45 3.86 3.59 3.64 3.36 3.22 3.01
of M2b 2.66 2.73 3.01 2.90 3.34 3.15 3.17 2.99 2.88 2.67
Note: Monetary data from 1990 have been reclassified to be consistent with the standard international practice. Source : Central Bank of Sri Lanka
(a) DFCC Bank which operated as a Licensed Specialised Bank was amalgamated with the DFCC Vardhana Bank and operates as a
Licensed Commercial Bank namely, DFCC Bank PLC with effect from 01 October 2015.
(b) Time and Savings Deposits held by the Public with Commercial Banks.
(c) Total Narrow Money (Currency + Demand deposits held by the public) + Time and Saving deposits (Rupees) held by the public.
(d) Total Narrow Money + Total Quasi Money (Rupee and foreign currency deposits held by the public with commercial Banks).
(e) Restructuring bonds worth Rs.19,392.6 million, which were issued by the government to the two state banks, have been converted to
Treasury bonds upon their maturity in October 2006. This amount, which previously appeared under Other Assets has been included in
Treasury Bonds since October 2006.
(f) Ratio of Money Supply to Reserve Money.
(g) Ratio of GDP to Money Supply (Average).
95
Table 9.3
Broad Money Supply (M2b) 2006 2015
Rs. Million
Item 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(a)
Narrow Money Supply (M1) 259,685 266,592 277,323 336,710 407,192 438,707 450,049 484,578 612,155 714,967
Currency in Circulation 135,020 147,183 155,023 181,840 216,549 242,871 251,539 264,607 329,426 388,057
Demand Deposits 124,665 119,409 122,300 154,870 190,643 195,836 198,510 219,971 282,729 326,910
Quasi Money (QM) 944,866 1,137,426 1,245,453 1,469,459 1,684,216 2,053,032 2,479,021 2,933,275 3,263,698 3,850,929
Domestic Banking Units 884,291 1,058,934 1,175,802 1,395,205 1,599,421 1,971,706 2,366,037 2,809,888 3,121,032 3,674,360
Foreign Currency Banking Units 60,574 78,493 69,651 74,254 84,796 81,326 112,984 123,387 142,666 176,569
Broad Money Supply M2b (M1+QM) 1,204,550 1,404,019 1,522,776 1,806,169 2,091,408 2,491,740 2,929,070 3,417,853 3,875,853 4,565,896
Net Foreign Assets 171,191 227,992 77,700 401,880 377,442 98,057 -25,831 -76,325 15,126 -298,163
Monetary Authorities 229,860 292,927 148,157 412,202 505,463 340,090 396,468 529,128 688,007 576,187
Commercial Banks -58,669 -64,935 -70,457 -10,323 -128,021 -242,033 -422,299 -605,453 -672,881 -874,350
Domestic Banking Units -29,455 -16,602 -14,534 -6,768 -66,558 -63,757 -121,878 -231,155 -220,947 -295,864
Foreign Currency Banking Units -29,214 -48,333 -55,923 -3,555 -61,464 -178,276 -300,421 -374,299 -451,934 -578,486
Net Domestic Assets 1,033,360 1,176,027 1,445,076 1,404,288 1,713,966 2,393,683 2,954,901 3,494,178 3,860,727 4,864,059
Domestic Credit 1,382,003 1,607,786 1,897,499 1,907,748 2,262,861 3,037,970 3,696,131 4,200,783 4,640,146 5,732,013
Claims on Government (Net) 357,289 374,101 582,907 640,326 627,185 833,610 1,045,232 1,301,342 1,435,900 1,759,470
Monetary Authorities 112,942 101,079 217,352 109,005 76,894 262,742 278,843 114,007 149,672 229,926
Commercial Banks (b) 244,347 273,022 365,556 531,321 550,291 570,868 766,389 1,187,335 1,286,228 1,529,545
Domestic Banking Units 143,611 160,575 254,488 404,838 417,911 472,819 634,007 995,656 1,078,123 1,157,846
Credit to Public Corporations 31,555 49,167 46,991 73,233 144,578 198,500 292,477 365,098 446,047 522,966
Domestic Banking Units 25,410 11,659 15,085 73,233 91,927 71,385 91,258 164,674 192,137 254,112
Foreign Currency Banking Units 6,145 37,508 31,905 0 52,651 127,115 201,219 200,424 253,911 268,853
Credit to Private Sector 993,159 1,184,519 1,267,601 1,194,189 1,491,099 2,005,860 2,358,421 2,534,343 2,758,199 3,449,577
Domestic Banking Units 856,842 1,029,993 1,095,416 1,043,782 1,333,784 1,821,472 2,172,076 2,327,376 2,503,270 3,186,075
Other Items (Net) (b) -348,644 -431,759 -452,423 -503,460 -548,895 -644,287 -741,230 -706,605 -779,418 -867,954
Monetary Authorities and
Domestic Banking Units -195,233 -254,104 -262,838 -304,379 -352,808 -494,337 -634,688 -605,221 -657,074 -718,954
Foreign Currency Banking Units -153,410 -177,655 -189,585 -199,080 -196,087 -149,950 -106,541 -101,384 -122,344 -149,000
Broad Money Supply M2b 1,204,550 1,404,019 1,522,776 1,806,169 2,091,408 2,491,740 2,929,070 3,417,853 3,875,853 4,565,896
(a) DFCC Bank which operated as a Licensed Specialised Bank was amalgamated with the DFCC Vardhana Source : Central Bank of Sri Lanka
Bank and operates as a Licensed Commercial Bank namely, DFCC Bank PLC with effect from 01 October
2015.
(b) Restructuring bonds worth Rs. 19,392.6 million, which were issued by the government to the
two state banks have been converted to Treasury bonds upon their maturity in October 2006.
This amount, which previously appeared under Other Assets has been included in Net Credit to
Government since October 2006.
96
Table 9.4
Interest Rates 2006 2015
Per centum per annum
Item 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Policy Interest Rates

Repo Overnight (a) 10.00 10.50 10.50 7.50 7.25 7.00 7.50 6.50 6.50 6.00
Reverse Repo Overnight (a) 11.50 12.00 12.00 9.75 9.00 8.50 9.50 8.50 8.00 7.50
Central Bank Advance Rate (Bank Rate) 15.00 15.00 15.00 15.00 15.00 15.00 15.00 15.00 15.00 15.00
Inter-bank Call Rates
12.75-15.13
16.00-40.00
13.25-20.00 8.63-9.40 7.75-8.15 8.75-9.10 9.50-9.85 7.50-7.75 6.00-6.50 6.40
Treasury Bill Yield Rates (Year end)
Primary Market
3 Months 12.76 21.30 17.33 7.73 7.24 8.68 10.00 7.54 5.74 6.45
6 Months 12.78 19.99 18.57 8.73 7.35 8.71 11.32 7.85 5.84 6.83
12 Months 12.96 19.96 19.12 9.33 7.55 9.31 11.69 8.29 6.01 7.30
Treasury Bonds, Yield to Maturity
2 Year Bonds 12.92 (Nov) 15.50 (Nov) 20.53 (Dec) 9.55 (Dec) 8.27 (Aug) 7.77 (Feb) 13.62 (Jul) 6.70 (Jun)
3 Year Bonds 12.16 (Oct) 15.99 (Oct) 20.54 (Dec) 12.83 (Jul) 8.15 (Dec) 7.99 (Jan) 13.50 (May) 10.87 (Aug) 8.18 (Jul)
4 Year Bonds 12.25 (Oct) 14.32 (Apr) 20.34 (Dec) 9.78 (Dec) 8.60 (Dec) 8.20 (Jul) 14.10 (Jul) 8.91 (Dec)
5 Year Bonds 12.36 (Oct) 15.55 (Nov) 17.00 (Sep) 10.32 (Oct) 8.76 (Sep) 8.60 (Jun) 14.15 (Jun) 10.64 (Oct) 8.93 (May) 9.79 (Dec)
6 Year Bonds 16.05 (Nov) 9.92 (Oct) 8.93 (Sep) 8.85 (Oct) 14.25 (Jul) 9.90 (Sep)
Secondary Market
3 Months 12.70 20.37 7.78 7.26 8.60 10.10 7.63 5.60 6.58
6 Months 12.73 20.13 18.36 8.78 7.36 8.78 11.30 8.05 5.85 6.80
12 Months 13.07 20.11 19.03 9.58 7.55 9.25 11.65 8.23 5.95 7.25
Rupee Securities Rate 10.60 11.019.00 14.00
Commercial Bank Deposit Rates
Savings 3.0010.50 3.0016.50 3.0016.50 1.5010.50 1.509.50 1.008.50 0.7510.50 0.759.14 0.508.00 0.508.00
AWDR 7.60 10.31 11.63 8.01 6.23 7.24 10.10 9.37 6.20 6.20
Fixed Deposits
3 Months 5.7514.00 8.5019.50 9.5020.00 3.0019.00 4.758.50 4.7511.25 5.0016.25 5.7015.00 3.507.00 3.1011.10
6 Months 6.0013.75 6.5019.25 13.0019.00 6.0018.00 5.009.75 5.5011.00 5.0016.25 6.2012.25 3.908.75 3.909.50
12 Months 5.5014.00 8.5020.00 8.5020.25 7.25-22.00 5.0517.00 5.5511.00 5.0017.00 6.0016.00 3.9512.00 3.9515.00
AWFDR 11.50 15.49 16.89 10.91 8.20 8.95 13.21 11.78 7.33 7.57

NSB Deposit Rates
Savings 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00
Fixed Deposits
6 Months 11.25 15.50 15.50 8.50 7.50 7.50 13.00 9.25 6.00 7.00
12 Months 11.00 15.00 15.00 9.50 8.50 8.50 12.50 9.50 6.50 7.25

Commercial Bank Advance Rates
Prime Lending Rate 14.74 17.00 19.17 11.12 9.27 10.49 14.29 9.96 6.35 7.40
Loans Secured by Government Securities 12.5027.00 13.0030.00 13.0030.00 9.0024.00 9.0022.00 6.8522.00 9.0021.00 9.0018.00 6.6024.00 6.0014.25
Unsecured Loans 6.0033.00 6.0037.43 6.0039.00 6.0040.80 6.0035.00 6.0035.00 7.0032.00 7.0024.00 5.4424.00 2.5024.00
Bills Purchased and Discounted 7.1020.50 7.1025.50 6.0026.50 4.5824.00 5.2520.00 4.5520.00 4.7022.00 4.5022.00 3.2522.00 3.0022.58

International Interest Rates (Period Average)

LIBOR on US dollar Deposits
Overnight 5.02 5.15 2.31 0.23 0.23 0.16 0.15 0.13 0.09 0.13
7-Days 5.05 5.19 2.56 0.28 0.26 0.20 0.19 0.16 0.12 0.16
1-Month 5.09 5.25 2.67 0.33 0.27 0.23 0.24 0.19 0.16 0.20
3-Months 5.19 5.30 2.91 0.69 0.34 0.34 0.43 0.27 0.23 0.32
6-Months 5.27 5.25 3.05 1.12 0.52 0.51 0.69 0.41 0.33 0.48
1-Year 5.32 5.12 3.08 1.57 0.92 0.83 1.01 0.68 0.56 0.79
LIBOR on 3-Months Deposits
Euro 3.08 4.28 4.63 1.23 0.81 1.39 0.57 0.15 0.18 -0.03
Japanese Yen 0.30 0.79 0.92 0.48 0.23 0.19 0.19 0.16 0.13 0.09
Swiss Franc 1.52 2.55 2.58 0.38 0.19 0.12 0.07 0.02 0.01 -0.76
Pound Sterling (Paris Market) 4.85 6.00 5.51 1.21 0.70 0.87 0.83 0.51 0.54 0.57
US Treasury Bill Rate
- 3 Months 4.72 4.41 1.46 0.16 0.13 0.06 0.09 0.06 0.04 0.26
Note : Domestic interest rates represent the year end position. LIBOR : London Inter Bank Offered Rate Sources : International Financial Statistics
AWDR : Average Weighted Deposit Rate Central Bank of Sri Lanka
(a) The Repurchase rate and the Reverse Repurchase rate of the
Central Bank were renamed as the Standing Deposit Facility AWFDR : Average Weighted Fixed Deposit Rate
Rate (SDFR) and Standing Lending Facility Rate (SLFR),
respectively, w.e.f. 2 January 2014.
97
Table 9.5
Government Debt Securities Market 2006 2015
Item 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

2014(a) 2015(a)
Treasury Bills
Primary Market
Amount Issued / Sold, Rs. Mn. 627,866 817,188 779,576 821,211 1,000,069 1,164,570 1,649,984 1,235,304 1,121,705 1,589,527
Purchased by Central Bank 164,863 222,861 183,727 190,326 133,823 217,584 485,332 334,764 337,659 564,159
Others 463,003 594,327 595,849 630,885 866,246 946,986 1,164,652 900,540 784,046 1,025,368
Weighted Average Price, Rs. Year End
(Per Rs. 100 worth Treasury bill)
3 Months 96.91 94.94 95.85 98.12 98.22 97.88 97.56 98.15 98.59 98.43
6 Months 93.99 90.91 91.54 95.86 96.45 95.83 94.64 96.22 97.16 96.77
12 Months 88.51 83.36 83.98 91.47 92.98 91.48 89.54 92.35 94.34 93.36
Weighted Average Yield, % Year End
3 Months 12.76 21.30 17.33 7.67 7.24 8.68 10.00 7.54 5.74 6.38
6 Months 12.78 19.99 18.49 8.65 7.35 8.71 11.32 7.85 5.84 6.69
12 Months 12.98 19.96 19.08 9.32 7.55 9.31 11.69 8.29 6.00 7.11
Weighted Average Yield, % - Average
3 Months 10.65 16.61 18.54 11.43 7.84 7.28 10.72 8.95 6.58 6.32
6 Months 10.68 16.81 18.45 12.18 8.41 7.21 12.29 9.91 6.57 6.50
12 Months 10.89 16.23 18.89 12.76 8.42 7.41 12.14 10.65 6.73 6.60
Overall Average 10.69 16.57 18.59 12.25 8.31 7.31 11.81 10.45 6.68 6.46
Central Bank Secondary Treasury Bill Market
Sales (Discounts), Rs. Mn. 34,800 110,940 26,608 70,185 13,250 18,448 128,750 127,855
Purchases (Re-discounts), Rs. Mn. 8,038

Outstanding Treasury Bills by Ownership, Rs. Mn. (b)
Central Bank 69,370 44,964 163,584 37,451 2,993 169,797 154,005 3,053 123,496 104,754
Employees Provident Fund 4,793 5,208 1 420 5,969 33,410 13,969 1,000
Other Provident Funds 42 166 55 15 1279 122 45 162
Savings Institutions 33,456 32,046 20,791 42,677 52,541 58,733 61,972 68,328 47,945 67,766
Insurance & Finance Companies 5,963 8,623 10,988 7,192 12,072 11,010 19,097 28,629 47,461 47,375
Departments & Other Official Funds 28,173 29,481 16,431 21,452 20,636 5,968 2,566 8,114 10,986 7,570
Other 63,131 117,707 102,882 171,757 199,858 158,344 138,149 134,048 185,582 89,949
Foreign Investors (c) 6,358 40,410 57,317 70,123 80,184 73,916 55,500 5,045
Total 257,732 307,012 408,958 481,441 571,759 661,008 709,254 774,053 750,267 663,285
Treasury Bonds
Primary Market Issues, Rs. Mn. 310,148 401,185 488,737 701,438 508,576 602,951 847,899 1,017,134 860,695 869,923
Yield to Maturity, %
2 Year Bonds 12.47 15.21 18.95 16.32 9.46 7.77 11.30 6.70
3 Year Bonds 10.96 15.36 18.44 17.01 9.01 7.99 11.11 10.95 8.18
4 Year Bonds 11.01 13.88 17.87 14.29 9.65 8.23 11.58 8.91
5 Year Bonds 11.05 15.28 17.00 11.20 9.31 8.55 13.32 10.95 8.93 9.79
6 Year Bonds 10.90 15.44 9.19 8.84 12.5 9.90
7 Year Bonds 9.19 8.84 12.5 9.65
8 Year Bonds 9.15 8.91 14.4 11.51 7.15 10.82
9 Year Bonds 9 11.77
10 Year Bonds 13.39 9.59 9.15 14 11.8 9.23 10.94
12 Year Bonds 9.1 12.09
15 Year Bonds 9.3 12.17 8.63 11.00
20 Year Bonds 11 12.19 11.32 11.45
30 Year Bonds 12.18 11.75 11.73
Rupee Securities
Primary Market Issues, Rs. Mn. 23,293 1,904
Rate of Interest, % 1011 1019 14
Outstanding Securities by Ownership, Rs. Mn.
Employees Provident Fund 56,068 68,921 68,539 56,583 40,921 23,100 23,100 23,100 23,100
Other Provident Funds 6,132 12,320 12,327 11,417 10,369 7,358 7,358 6,447 6,447 6,218
Other 11,488 14,460 14,452 8,221 6,636 6,101 5,190 6,101 6,101
Total 116,713 131,509 130,009 112,292 87,709 61,961 58,386 55,518 55,518 24,088
(a) Provisional Sources : Ministry of Finance

(b) Adjusted for secondary market transactions. Central Bank of Sri Lanka
(c) Includes rupee denominated treasury bills held by foreign investors from 2008
and the Sri Lankan diaspora and migrant workers from 2009.
98
Table 9.6
Share Market Indicators 2006 2015
Item 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013(a) 2014(b) 2015(b)
Turnover, Rs. Mn. 105,154 104,985 110,453 142,463 570,327 546,256 213,827 200,468 340,917 253,251
Daily Turnover Average, Rs. Mn. 436 436 464 594 2,396 2,286 884 828 1,415 1,060
No. of Trades 952,382 876,928 776,244 1,266,299 3,355,126 4,579,352 1,857,384 1,421,303 1,982,709 1,506,790
No. of Shares Traded, Mn. 3,912 2,887 3,155 4,763 18,489 24,544 9,691 9,054 16,722 9,415
Traded Shares as a % of Total Listed Shares 17.0 11.5 11.9 16.7 45.3 42.4 13.6 12.1 21.2 11.4
Turnover as a % of GDP 3.6 2.9 2.5 2.9 10.2 8.3 2.8 2.3 3.5 2.7
Turnover as a % of Market Capitalization 12.6 12.8 22.6 13.0 25.8 24.7 9.8 8.7 12.3 8.6

Non-National Transactions (Net), Rs. Mn. 5,377 11,254 13,951 -789 -26,335 -19,039 38,661 22,734 21,139 5,372
Purchases 37,167 46,797 66,632 43,057 92,426 49,777 72,614 83,607 104,690 84,421
Sales 31,790 35,543 52,682 43,846 118,761 68,816 33,954 60,873 83,551 89,793

Total Number of Shares Listed, Mn. (c) 22,956 25,067 26,521 28,555 40,791 57,894 71,276 75,028 78,751 82,451
Market Capitalization, Rs. Bn. (c) 834.8 820.7 488.8 1,092.1 2,210.5 2,213.9 2,167.6 2,459.9 3,104.9 2,938.0
Market Capitalization as a % of GDP 28.4 22.9 11.1 22.6 39.4 33.8 28.9 28.4 31.7 26.3

No. of New Shares Offered, Mn. 349 0 377 45 455 1,460 253 80 573 107
Value of New Shares, Rs. Mn. (d) 500 0 2,006 1,219 4,347 19,156 1,739 494 2,694 330
No. of New Issues 3 0 3 3 8 13 6 1 6 2

No. of Listed Companies 237 235 235 231 241 272 287 289 294 294

CSE All Share Price Index
(1985 = 100) 2,722.4 2,541.0 1,503.0 3,385.6 6,635.9 6,074.4 5,643.0 5,912.8 7,299.0 6,895.0

CSE Milanka Price Index
(1998 = 1,000) 3,711.8 3,291.0 1,631.3 3,849.4 7,061.5 5,229.2 5,119.1

S&P Sri Lanka 20 Index (e)
(2004 = 1,000) 3,085.3 3,263.9 4,089.1 3,626.0
Market Price Earning Ratio (PER) (c) 14.0 11.6 5.4 16.6 25.2 15.8 15.9 15.9 19.7 18.0
Market Dividend Yield (c), % 2.2 2.5 5.6 3.0 1.2 1.8 2.4 2.9 2.1 2.2
Market Price to Book Value Ratio (c) 2.0 1.8 0.8 1.7 3.0 2.0 2.1 2.0 2.2 2.0
GDP at Market Prices, Rs. Mn. 2,938,680 3,578,688 4,410,682 4,835,293 5,604,104 6,544,009 7,578,554 8,674,230 9,784,672 11,183,220
(a) Revised Sources : Colombo Stock Exchange

(c) As at end of December
(d) Par value and premium
(e) Introduced in June 2012, replacing the Milanka Price Index
99
Share Trading Indicators by
Indicator Banks, Beverages, Construction Chemicals Diversified Footwear Hotels Investment

& Insurance Food & & & Pharmac Holdings & & Trust
Quarter & Finance Tobacco Engineering euticals Textiles Travels
Shares Traded, 000
2014 1st Quarter 1,136,639.4 28,128.4 26,839.1 30,170.5 450,861.5 7,922.6 71,450.1 35,964.7
2nd Quarter 736,501.2 61,167.8 27,427.3 125,678.0 1,188,278.1 73,842.3 119,740.3 30,771.8
3rd Quarter 1,678,385.0 197,805.4 191,545.5 288,705.4 1,795,439.7 207,307.1 224,978.5 263,058.2
4th Quarter 1,343,739.9 144,077.7 211,942.4 38,836.0 611,089.2 16,562.1 74,742.7 244,432.4

2015 1st Quarter 640,282.3 80,231.6 96,510.3 25,311.5 351,916.2 82,960.8 65,165.7 22,797.9
2nd Quarter 605,820.5 58,571.0 47,525.8 29,186.9 458,874.6 20,499.2 166,715.5 27,740.3
3rd Quarter 500,074.0 75,239.9 53,754.6 34,610.0 746,461.1 22,011.8 106,056.0 45,800.2
4th Quarter 357,127.8 73,627.6 79,955.6 45,956.7 444,078.1 21,426.1 50,196.0 15,462.8

Turnover, Rs. 000
2014 1st Quarter 17,602,091.0 2,164,761.1 675,855.5 200,450.1 20,152,984.8 86,265.0 818,366.5 403,815.6
2nd Quarter 15,003,951.0 2,824,929.1 718,176.0 377,467.3 30,333,248.7 596,545.9 1,740,134.8 467,742.8
3rd Quarter 34,583,068.0 5,989,997.4 5,667,297.7 2,126,448.4 41,448,534.6 3,688,054.9 2,971,064.6 2,886,991.4
4th Quarter 40,924,785.0 3,986,715.1 8,211,757.7 562,092.0 17,707,622.7 305,936.7 1,098,365.1 1,619,916.3

2015 1st Quarter 25,232,206.0 3,749,097.6 2,875,092.6 281,694.7 16,895,137.4 1,802,188.3 429,590.8 1,055,028.6
2nd Quarter 26,305,039.0 4,265,860.1 1,194,654.3 346,033.6 9,500,875.9 246,078.2 1,095,188.9 896,959.4
3rd Quarter 23,753,571.0 5,907,579.0 1,738,868.0 806,977.9 18,218,009.9 389,500.8 1,422,177.8 853,873.6
4th Quarter 14,506,188.0 5,290,196.9 1,930,019.3 740,967.9 10,742,677.7 478,570.4 801,702.5 388,253.9
No. of Trades
2014 1st Quarter 127,721 12,492 4,935 4,603 50,040 3,418 20,478 6,682
2nd Quarter 99,912 13,558 5,642 8,814 50,616 9,964 25,122 7,308
3rd Quarter 226,524 38,611 19,530 22,184 98,331 23,188 52,158 40,746
4th Quarter 177,460 21,864 30,382 6,361 54,096 7,625 22,834 22,201

2015 1st Quarter 114,499 13,930 20,831 3,257 55,636 5,396 18,635 13,739
2nd Quarter 122,429 18,258 14,044 3,904 46,740 6,882 24,898 9,079
3rd Quarter 113,186 31,310 15,359 6,450 69,630 4,728 21,580 7,641
4th Quarter 71,716 15,906 9,504 5,820 31,060 8,013 13,538 8,418

Market Capitalization, Rs. Bn.
2014
1st Quarter 536.5 483.8 38.8 15.5 488.9 9.3 309.9 31.7
2nd Quarter 594.5 497.6 42.8 16.6 509.4 10.6 328.3 32.7
3rd Quarter 704.0 557.1 50.8 20.4 595.3 13.7 370.1 39.7
4th Quarter 753.7 539.9 56.5 19.2 584.4 12.6 361.8 39.7

2015
1st Quarter 726.2 542.8 39.2 18.1 497.1 12.6 34.5 36.1
2nd Quarter 758.5 535.2 45.2 18.9 527.5 12.2 358.2 36.6
3rd Quarter 730.9 561.9 46.3 20.7 517.1 12.5 350.0 35.0
4th Quarter 699.8 563.0 42.8 19.7 526.7 13.2 346.1 33.8
Note : The above share volume and turnover figures represent only ordinary voting shares.
100
Table 9.7
Business Sector 2014 2015
Land & Manu- Motors Oil Plantations Stores Services Trading Health IT Power Tele-
Property facturing Palm & Care & communi-
Supplies Energy cation
113,747.1 268,128.6 4,098.4 185.2 15,640.6 50.9 3,873.5 70,884.2 40,681.9 90,003.3 133,747.6 160,950.0
45,398.2 289,403.2 3,996.1 450.4 25,526.6 65.7 12,338.5 37,383.6 21,132.8 129,630.2 110,748.0 19,676.8
81,109.4 554,378.2 4,995.7 1,184.8 49,786.2 198.7 25,625.5 168,309.1 76,276.6 132,965.9 257,302.3 57,483.8
178,510.1 568,638.0 4,058.3 75.5 47,995.6 113.3 11,949.7 70,970.6 49,375.9 31,147.3 660,332.1 406,969.8

75,800.3 543,924.2 819.3 29.1 16,389.0 57.3 11,890.4 40,339.6 23,691.0 29,874.8 384,106.9 86,247.7
40,554.0 292,921.1 6,781.4 8.5 8,273.1 480.6 9,795.8 46,964.0 20,554.1 21,582.6 205,432.1 65,689.5
26,663.2 460,353.4 1,848.8 82.0 34,846.1 157.2 73,262.5 62,653.2 69,423.0 16,233.7 163,036.0 183,782.6
28,910.1 215,003.9 906.8 21.7 3,013.5 148.9 9,245.5 45,302.5 359,859.2 15,181.2 123,061.7 137,518.3

743,975.0 4,814,134.6 587,037.9 114,113.0 318,305.4 17,650.4 19,554.7 307,592.2 431,067.9 120,110.0 1,380,863.1 1,680,933.2
955,674.1 5,582,250.6 511,320.6 436,804.1 436,339.6 24,993.8 54,300.4 231,176.1 240,277.1 369,843.5 1,963,891.4 232,360.0
1,529,405.4 9,611,556.1 1,326,778.5 786,147.5 830,158.8 86,784.9 212,304.4 674,258.5 1,637,350.8 186,502.9 3,910,155.8 847,571.7
2,024,742.5 10,743,421.6 645,460.7 75,566.6 894,402.0 38,793.4 107,604.0 440,436.9 1,033,282.8 43,427.6 8,477,229.4 5,233,778.2

826,687.2 6,812,428.2 111,519.6 29,173.2 3,784,804.5 302,484.5 28,283.7 49,619.5 376,880.3 493,408.9 17,276.5 1,113,852.8
702,217.7 7,106,183.6 723,044.0 8,610.2 119,737.0 27,360.2 50,955.9 540,212.4 365,082.6 44,192.4 2,432,890.6 747,099.2
604,561.2 13,090,142.4 281,602.7 58,955.3 502,324.2 38,317.2 330,951.1 587,467.0 1,408,042.0 18,671.4 3,520,353.8 2,033,723.5
605,642.2 6,807,923.4 117,557.0 14,184.6 55,756.9 90,935.8 50,780.6 351,833.2 8,784,776.4 8,982.7 1,420,507.3 1,513,155.5
19,595 43,922 1,552 973 10,913 763 1,616 6,652 5,842 6,060 15,369 3,589
14,979 51,197 1,733 944 13,509 764 2,205 6,295 4,850 4,598 21,731 3,052
25,873 89,863 8,108 1,077 22,018 1,794 4,530 15,484 10,380 7,908 30,833 4,571
21,183 93,695 4,178 666 16,610 815 2,354 8,048 6,741 2,480 38,845 6,552

10,697 61,226 2,064 625 6,953 966 1,375 10,289 3,907 1,772 29,273 4,918
15,366 69,882 2,747 395 6,755 2,697 1,591 13,562 3,925 1,742 22,389 3,177
11,988 90,805 3,211 528 12,184 1,354 5,660 10,487 6,418 1,591 24,221 5,916
7,934 71,283 2,481 744 4,362 3,165 3,123 7,901 7,977 832 15,698 2,618

46.2 127.3 21.8 120.9 24.7 4.8 6.6 22.6 49.8 1.8 41.9 172.1
54.2 148.1 26.6 121.7 27.1 5.6 8.0 26.0 59.9 1.8 49.2 187.3
52.7 162.0 26.0 118.9 26.9 5.8 7.8 27.1 51.1 1.7 58.7 198.4
40.8 110.7 21.3 101.5 23.4 4.6 6.3 22.1 52.9 1.8 41.8 156.5

46.6 158.5 23.8 118.1 24.7 5.9 7.7 25.7 46.1 1.5 47.9 166.8
49.4 166.4 26.6 119.0 24.4 6.2 7.4 29.1 48.3 1.7 46.9 165.3
49.1 174.2 26.6 114.1 26.5 6.4 7.6 29.1 51.7 1.5 52.8 176.7
49.7 172.7 25.1 98.8 25.2 6.3 7.1 29.2 56.0 1.4 49.4 172.0
(Contd.)
101
Share Trading Indicators by
Indicator Banks, Beverages, Construction Chemicals Diversified Footwear Hotels Investment

& Insurance Food & & & Pharmac Holdings & & Trust
Quarter & Finance Tobacco Engineering euticals Textiles Travels
Price Index High

2014 1st Quarter 18,755.6 31,802.8 4,136.0 8,727.0 2,004.0 1,029.9 3,693.9 18,709.4
2nd Quarter 14,675.1 19,982.0 3,019.4 6,499.1 1,909.5 851.4 3,363.0 17,942.3
3rd Quarter 17,350.5 22,709.4 3,583.3 7,781.7 2,160.2 1,083.3 3,571.0 21,501.8
4th Quarter 18,766.7 22,255.0 4,636.5 7,819.6 2,192.0 1,151.8 3,578.3 22,394.9

2015 1st Quarter 18,982.1 22,637.8 7,368.0 3,396.3 1,965.8 1,026.9 3,437.7 20,561.8
2nd Quarter 19,295.3 22,340.3 7,229.8 3,059.1 1,895.4 1,021.2 3,451.3 19,882.8
3rd Quarter 19,298.1 22,501.0 8,111.6 3,369.2 1,999.5 1,003.1 3,418.7 20,387.4
4th Quarter 17,966.1 22,689.1 7,820.8 3,011.2 1,849.4 1,050.5 3,299.0 18,825.5

Price Index Low
2014 1st Quarter 13,026.0 19,116.3 2,685.4 5,688.8 1,683.2 726.4 3,117.7 17,000.0
2nd Quarter 13,296.4 19,067.4 2,761.0 5,888.5 1,802.3 728.0 3,157.9 16,924.5
3rd Quarter 14,675.3 19,815.9 3,090.3 6,440.6 1,857.0 834.2 3,335.8 17,655.9
4th Quarter 17,302.5 20,826.5 3,570.6 7,211.8 2,058.1 973.9 3,410.8 20,040.2

2015 1st Quarter 17,735.3 21,581.2 6,880.3 2,655.7 1,790.5 998.3 3,281.6 18,985.3
2nd Quarter 18,515.4 21,279.2 7,189.5 2,869.5 1,873.4 970.6 3,392.8 19,233.5
3rd Quarter 17,992.8 22,062.7 7,905.0 3,135.1 1,847.5 993.7 3,322.2 18,380.3
4th Quarter 17,091.7 22,384.6 7,484.3 2,896.8 1,845.1 1,025.3 3,249.5 17,727.5

Price Index Average
2014 1st Quarter 13,553.5 20,633.7 2,800.8 6,182.8 1,785.8 782.1 3,184.9 17,733.1
2nd Quarter 13,997.8 19,531.7 2,890.6 6,238.3 1,869.2 794.3 3,294.7 17,484.4
3rd Quarter 16,052.9 21,794.7 3,286.5 7,204.0 2,035.7 924.9 3,469.5 19,705.9
4th Quarter 17,921.7 21,661.2 3,991.4 7,473.3 2,122.6 1,044.9 3,497.0 21,102.8

2015 1st Quarter 18,268.6 22,085.5 7,182.8 3,110.8 1,895.0 1,010.3 3,883.4 19,945.6
2nd Quarter 18,897.0 21,924.9 7,203.7 2,973.0 1,884.5 995.4 3,414.5 19,664.0
3rd Quarter 18,812.6 22,302.6 8,001.1 3,247.8 1,929.7 999.6 3,378.8 19,510.5
4th Quarter 17,400.2 22,488.2 7,601.6 2,953.9 1,846.9 1,040.9 3,275.3 18,184.8
Market Dividend Yield, %

2014 1st Quarter 3.3 3.0 3.1 3.6 1.3 0.0 3.3 1.8
2nd Quarter 4.3 3.0 2.0 3.4 1.3 0.0 2.9 1.7
3rd Quarter 3.6 2.7 1.8 2.6 1.1 0.0 2.7 1.4
4th Quarter 2.6 2.8 1.4 1.4 1.6 0.5 0.8 2.1

2015 1st Quarter 2.7 2.7 2.0 1.2 1.9 0.7 0.8 2.3
2nd Quarter 2.7 2.8 1.6 2.8 1.8 0.8 1.0 2.4
3rd Quarter 2.8 2.6 2.2 2.7 1.6 0.5 0.6 2.5
4th Quarter 3.0 2.6 2.4 2.8 1.6 0.2 0.6 2.6
Marker Price Earning Ratio

2014 1st Quarter 9.0 21.9 10.6 8.9 21.5 n.a 46.5 23.5
2nd Quarter 9.9 22.6 16.5 9.9 22.5 n.a 50.6 23.4
3rd Quarter 12.1 24.2 19.6 13.4 26.2 200.9 56.3 28.4
4th Quarter 13.5 22.6 16.9 34.8 23.0 122.1 49.0 15.9
2015 1st Quarter 12.6 23.6 11.7 n.a. 20.1 99.0 49.8 14.5
2nd Quarter 12.2 22.7 16.5 22.9 19.2 30.5 47.7 13.8
3rd Quarter 11.7 21.1 23.4 18.0 19.1 n.a. 120.8 11.4
4th Quarter 11.0 21.1 21.7 17.0 19.3 n.a. 135.2 11.0

Market Price to Book Value
2014 1st Quarter 1.4 4.8 1.5 1.2 1.9 0.9 2.8 1.0
2nd Quarter 1.5 5.0 1.6 1.3 2.0 1.0 3.0 1.1
3rd Quarter 1.7 5.5 1.9 1.5 2.3 1.4 3.3 1.3
4th Quarter 1.8 5.0 2.0 1.4 2.0 1.3 3.6 1.3

2015 1st Quarter 1.6 4.9 1.4 1.4 1.7 1.2 3.4 1.2
2nd Quarter 1.5 4.8 1.4 1.6 1.8 1.1 3.3 1.2
3rd Quarter 1.5 5.0 1.6 1.4 1.7 1.3 4.7 1.0
4th Quarter 1.4 5.0 1.5 1.3 1.7 1.3 4.6 0.9
n.a. not available
102
Table 9.7 (Contd.)

Business Sector 2014 2015
Land & Manu- Motors Oil Plantations Stores Services Trading Health IT Power Tele-
Property
facturing Palm & Care & communi-
Supplies Energy cation
754.0 4,496.2
21,029.0
105,745.0 1,009.2 21,227.8 35,648.2 15,809.9 918.8 101.1 166.5 213.5
671.6 3,269.4
15,627.8
115,410.8 773.6 20,159.0 23,124.8 14,345.1 858.5 85.4 157.7 193.4
771.0 3,843.3
19,072.0
121,177.1 846.5 24,979.6 27,220.0 16,123.8 937.6 99.9 172.3 215.2
819.9 4,164.3
19,000.4
119,230.9 890.8 24,793.1 27,389.8 17,756.3 962.2 86.6 212.2 228.4

752.1 4,280.9
18,129.9
121,942.7 815.1 27,101.5 26,888.3 17,243.3 862.8 76.7 188.2 209.4
698.0 4,435.0
18,992.8
118,019.5 782.0 26,753.9 24,933.5 18,579.7 848.7 85.5 174.6 199.8
722.8 4,638.7
19,330.7
112,967.2 793.3 26,595.6 26,013.1 19,617.4 876.8 81.1 181.8 201.6
690.1 4,551.6
18,051.3
103,005.1 767.8 25,644.9 25,695.4 18,106.6 960.1 67.2 182.9 199.3

555.7 2,838.6 14,011.9 83,283.6 703.3 18,150.0 21,013.9 13,082.0 681.8 79.0 129.8 156.2
576.9 2,866.3 14,775.0 94,305.0 710.0 18,461.7 21,135.6 13,519.9 772.9 79.4 139.4 174.5
655.0 3,266.5 15,277.0 109,743.7 756.4 19,757.8 21,935.3 13,897.8 775.0 81.5 139.4 190.0
712.9 3,761.6 17,795.3 110,328.7 789.8 22,770.2 24,653.8 15,741.3 864.5 71.1 164.6 209.3

661.2 4,058.6 16,690.8 110,177.5 757.0 26,151.0 23,645.3 15,909.2 799.1 68.8 160.0 186.6
687.0 4,258.9 17,315.1 113,656.6 749.1 24,797.7 24,108.6 17,064.1 817.2 78.3 156.5 184.8
683.0 4,459.1 18,638.4 108,922.4 771.6 25,492.7 25,240.2 18,018.7 869.8 67.2 168.5 197.1
665.8 4,394.5 17,630.8 94,336.1 734.0 23,621.8 24,836.8 17,864.7 896.0 62.2 168.5 192.3

585.5 2,964.9 15,366.5 89,147.6 735.5 19,186.2 22,047.3 13,724.4 768.7 86.1 139.5 166.6
619.2 3,108.1 15,151.3 105,173.1 742.3 19,360.2 22,158.2 13,877.6 820.5 82.0 148.5 184.1
709.3 3,563.9 17,943.3 116,726.9 816.1 21,732.7 25,134.1 15,145.6 831.1 87.1 153.1 209.0
758.3 3,965.3 18,450.9 113,657.7 839.3 23,540.7 26,251.1 16,723.0 907.6 81.7 186.9 216.9

718.2 4,191.7 17,556.4 114,987.4 795.6 26,474.5 25,195.9 16,486.0 841.1 73.8 173.8 201.0
691.8 4,344.4 18,329.3 115,609.6 764.1 25,960.0 24,516.6 17,880.2 828.2 82.0 163.3 194.8
703.6 4,574.0 18,985.0 110,596.4 780.2 26,131.8 25,692.9 18,714.3 872.6 74.1 175.5 198.7
679.2 4,449.7 17,849.6 97,677.7 747.6 24,436.1 25,379.7 18,009.9 930.4 64.4 173.9 195.2
0.9 4.0 4.0 1.4 6.0 1.2 5.7 4.0 2.8 1.1 5.2 2.7
0.9 3.4 3.9 0.9 6.0 1.2 5.0 1.9 3.0 1.1 6.4 2.5
0.7 3.4 3.2 0.9 5.6 1.2 4.0 1.6 3.1 1.1 5.4 2.1
0.5 2.8 2.1 0.9 2.1 0.4 4.0 1.6 3.8 1.1 4.0 2.0

0.6 3.0 2.5 0.9 2.5 0.6 4.0 1.6 4.2 6.9 4.7 2.3
1.0 3.8 3.3 0.3 2.6 0.6 4.4 1.4 3.6 6.0 5.0 1.6
1.1 3.4 4.0 0.4 2.4 1.1 4.4 1.5 2.0 0.0 4.3 1.5
1.1 3.4 4.3 0.4 2.7 1.5 4.8 2.1 1.9 0.0 4.6 1.5
10.8 13.6 7.4 88.5 5.2 17.3 7.5 28.5 16.0 n.a 8.6 16.4
11.8 15.6 7.6 106.5 5.9 18.1 21.5 339.0 15.1 n.a 8.2 18.0
13.6 17.6 9.2 107.1 6.2 21.0 25.9 390.1 16.6 n.a 9.7 19.3
13.8 22.1 11.6 103.5 10.0 20.4 19.4 12.4 20.5 -4.3 8.3 20.5
11.5 21.1 10.7 102.8 9.5 20.2 19.5 11.7 18.7 n.a. 6.8 17.2
9.4 19.5 11.9 195.2 34.5 21.3 19.2 12.4 21.0 n.a. 6.3 16.1
10.0 20.1 10.7 163.4 34.2 15.1 61.4 9.5 28.5 n.a. 11.0 17.2
10.1 20.2 10.1 141.5 32.6 14.4 57.5 9.7 30.9 n.a. 10.2 16.7
0.9 1.8 1.1 4.5 0.7 1.6 1.5 1.0 2.7 1.5 1.6 1.6
1.0 2.1 1.2 4.1 0.7 1.7 1.8 1.0 2.6 1.6 1.5 1.7
1.2 2.4 1.4 4.1 0.8 1.9 2.2 1.2 3.0 1.6 1.8 1.8
1.1 2.7 1.3 4.0 0.7 1.3 2.1 0.8 2.8 1.5 1.9 1.9

1.0 2.6 1.2 4.0 0.7 1.3 2.1 0.8 2.5 1.4 1.6 1.6
0.9 2.6 1.1 3.8 0.7 1.4 1.9 0.9 2.6 1.6 1.4 1.4
0.9 2.9 1.1 3.6 0.7 1.4 2.1 0.9 2.6 1.5 1.6 1.5
0.9 2.8 1.0 3.1 0.7 1.3 1.9 1.2 2.8 1.4 1.5 1.5
Source : Colombo Stock Exchange
103
Share Trading Indicators

Indicator John Keells Ceylon Carsons Nestle Commercial Sri Bukit Dialog Distilleries
& Holdings Tobacco Lanka Bank of Lanka Darah PLC
Quarter PLC Co. PLC PLC Ceylon PLC Telecom
No. of Trades
2013 1st Quarter 5,354 1,061 417 650 6,398 1,282 580 2,214 1,685
2nd Quarter 6,188 1,531 445 1,090 6,049 1,627 659 2,673 1,934
3rd Quarter 9,738 1,741 432 1,190 3,661 776 408 1,240 865
4th Quarter 6,748 1,260 374 898 2,625 796 425 1,430 945
2014 1st Quarter 7,110 1,151 381 783 3,968 1,990 555 1,599 1,017
2nd Quarter 5,525 1,151 366 675 4,379 964 497 2,088 906
3rd Quarter 7,911 872 583 689 4,709 2,172 782 2,399 1,388
4th Quarter 5,157 664 324 580 4,790 1,503 316 5,049 841
2015 1st Quarter 16,021 687 277 627 4,384 703 268 4,215 1,433
2nd Quarter 7,791 733 232 635 3,003 882 196 2,295 1,063
3rd Quarter 12,116 934 282 655 3,070 1,109 338 4,807 1,222
4th Quarter 8,432 453 185 719 5,118 479 452 2,139 720
Turnover, Rs. 000
2013 1st Quarter 10,240,200 746,604 180,300 314,844 11,470,590 88,552 234,362 722,903 1,212,783
2nd Quarter 9,200,277 792,974 410,314 224,354 6,495,368 33,691 68,288 474,489 1,642,987
3rd Quarter 10,834,676 476,516 364,256 430,035 1,991,173 17,581 123,919 308,749 453,525
4th Quarter 7,668,708 517,107 29,799 560,512 2,088,488 12,880 30,090 1,529,090 578,702
2014 1st Quarter 14,437,556 561,126 50,823 234,393 4,192,317 263,570 94,171 1,417,363 693,486
2nd Quarter 16,553,431 438,720 126,391 386,645 3,591,861 46,700 163,141 185,660 994,328
3rd Quarter 28,548,264 825,199 154,724 547,296 3,907,167 264,574 777,660 582,997 2,152,586
4th Quarter 11,504,379 461,302 66,131 437,309 6,643,718 107,270 36,631 5,126,508 548,873
2015 1st Quarter 13,137,536 179,517 40,427 136,040 4,556,916 25,514 13,750 1,088,339 2,377,344
2nd Quarter 6,349,311 379,013 18,959 524,049 4,770,698 26,360 3,786 720,739 2,056,482
3rd Quarter 9,524,382 956,112 53,684 545,159 5,116,424 37,707 49,356 1,996,017 1,410,030
4th Quarter 7,749,801 797,085 8,551 366,733 4,941,382 10,064 10,308 1,503,091 1,580,284
No. of Shares Traded, 000
2013 1st Quarter 44,205 913 401 195 108,648 1,870 326 82,033 6,581
2nd Quarter 35,044 847 923 120 54,871 784 96 49,941 8,691
3rd Quarter 47,061 421 861 190 17,177 441 182 35,274 2,387
4th Quarter 35,348 467 78 275 17,805 338 47 170,825 3,056
2014 1st Quarter 63,569 466 145 111 34,673 6,654 168 154,296 3,328
2nd Quarter 71,066 413 326 197 27,738 980 269 18,697 4,821
3rd Quarter 118,278 704 341 261 26,086 4,922 1,180 52,562 10,480
4th Quarter 45,567 418 149 208 40,832 2,140 52 404,830 2,620
2015 1st Quarter 61,680 170 97 60 25,541 505 20 85,742 10,093
2nd Quarter 31,881 382 47 235 28,655 559 6 65,131 7,930
3rd Quarter 52,120 1,033 134 268 30,250 789 76 182,993 4,838
4th Quarter 43,715 804 24 176 32,927 209 19 137,309 5,767
Price High (Rs.)
2013 1st Quarter 249.70 950.00 475.00 1,800.00 114.50 50.00 748.00 9.50 190.00
2nd Quarter 299.80 1,019.00 459.00 2,250.00 126.00 45.50 755.00 9.90 207.00
3rd Quarter 273.20 1,400.50 450.00 2,550.00 120.90 42.00 700.00 8.80 195.10
4th Quarter 230.60 1,199.00 405.00 2,300.00 122.50 41.50 699.90 9.20 199.00
2014 1st Quarter 250.40 1,349.00 375.00 2,249.90 131.50 47.40 620.00 9.60 218.00
2nd Quarter 240.10 1,130.00 422.00 2,000.00 141.00 49.90 690.00 10.60 212.00
3rd Quarter 260.00 1,250.00 500.00 2,199.00 164.80 57.30 740.00 11.60 215.00
4th Quarter 263.00 1,165.00 480.00 2,444.00 179.90 54.00 750.00 14.10 215.20
2015 1st Quarter 250.30 1,124.00 489.00 2,390.00 194.00 54.90 735.00 14.30 246.00
2nd Quarter 214.00 1,050.00 440.00 2,355.00 175.00 49.90 700.00 11.90 296.00
3rd Quarter 199.00 990.00 430.00 2,160.00 175.50 50.90 720.00 12.10 320.00
4th Quarter 191.00 1,000.00 400.00 2,240.00 162.50 49.50 640.00 11.60 285.00
Price Low (Rs.)
2013 1st Quarter 219.00 720.00 420.00 1,500.00 103.20 41.50 680.00 8.10 163.00
2nd Quarter 243.50 760.00 435.00 1,680.00 108.30 39.00 691.00 8.30 160.00
3rd Quarter 204.00 950.00 350.00 1,900.00 112.00 38.00 652.50 7.90 178.00
4th Quarter 206.50 1,025.00 340.00 1,850.00 112.00 36.10 612.10 8.50 180.50
2014 1st Quarter 206.00 1,021.00 340.00 1,900.00 113.50 33.00 538.00 8.90 195.00
2nd Quarter 219.70 960.00 360.00 1,890.00 118.00 41.50 540.00 9.00 201.00
3rd Quarter 219.70 0.00 404.00 1,950.00 139.00 47.00 570.00 10.40 201.10
4th Quarter 240.00 1,010.00 401.00 2,000.00 155.00 45.30 691.00 11.50 201.20
2015 1st Quarter 195.00 999.00 365.00 2,105.00 158.10 44.00 662.00 10.30 210.50
2nd Quarter 189.90 896.50 370.00 2,000.00 160.00 44.00 651.00 10.30 235.00
3rd Quarter 167.50 881.00 372.00 1,960.40 158.00 43.00 631.00 10.10 265.00
4th Quarter 166.00 950.00 345.00 2,000.00 139.90 45.00 480.00 10.50 240.00
Maket Capitalisation, Rs. Mn.
2013 1st Quarter 211,731 146,244 86,410 90,259 88,246 78,511 71,961 73,294 49,950
2nd Quarter 215,706 186,368 85,468 104,222 91,558 72,916 70,951 70,036 57,900
3rd Quarter 187,027 196,690 76,591 105,533 93,395 70,751 68,544 69,222 55,500
4th Quarter 225,028 221,866 68,735 112,861 95,654 66,780 63,230 73,294 57,900
2014 1st Quarter 224,791 197,814 71,681 107,338 97,836 83,204 60,272 73,294 60,900
2nd Quarter 217,796 199,294 79,340 106,382 113,670 86,633 66,300 85,510 62,100
3rd Quarter 251,517 216,359 88,374 112,823 126,176 93,672 73,348 93,653 63,570
4th Quarter 249,272 198,582 84,525 113,092 138,092 90,063 72,930 108,312 63,000
2015 1st Quarter 198,899 187,230 71,956 123,300 134,135 82,121 69,156 84,695 72,150
2nd Quarter 203,388 168,666 78,967 112,705 131,580 79,775 67,830 85,510 81,000
3rd Quarter 193,476 180,824 77,573 112,754 130,397 87,897 65,239 88,767 82,470
4th Quarter 211,829 185,919 67,970 110,110 115,033 84,828 52,142 87,138 73,800
(a) Given companies are in terms of market capitalisation as at end 2012.
104
Table 9.8
by Major Companies (a) 2013 2015
Aitken Hatton Asian Sampath Cargills DFCC Lanka Orix Aitken Chevron Hayleys
Spence & Co. National Hotels Bank Bank Leasing Spence Hotel Co.
PLC Bank PLC Properties PLC Compnay Holding PLC
826 2,468 611 4,901 456 1,602 3,256 611 1,152 327
1,060 2,169 632 5,919 512 2,244 2,047 658 5,383 556
622 1,608 245 4,276 257 910 849 533 2,063 301
871 1,083 437 4,116 228 766 2,652 517 1,149 321
1,202 1,166 420 4,124 339 1,524 619 696 1,183 265
2,314 1,031 715 4,098 332 1,209 710 584 1,222 426
1,964 2,377 749 5,316 553 2,639 689 1,582 1,795 667
1,798 2,086 421 4,865 318 3,299 1,023 777 2,053 327
1,792 2,711 337 4,747 194 1,873 562 1,792 2,074 190
1,216 1,183 302 4,012 484 1,759 1,628 1,216 1,291 484
1,560 1,219 357 3,704 773 1,654 1,415 1,560 1,834 3,301
665 938 401 1,997 479 1,217 615 665 1,770 2,593
1,336,358 372,010 323,591 2,879,968 591,116 518,138 1,078,770 323,591 433,249 128,471
1,229,504 437,651 110,363 2,370,531 1,053,321 308,608 153,698 155,986 1,232,332 278,605
758,557 1,800,350 10,560 2,567,602 52,020 110,600 49,982 32,910 715,672 69,473
835,007 229,370 1,193,886 1,802,079 27,748 116,334 952,924 86,960 444,392 182,222
1,142,065 2,486,325 34,988 1,073,937 27,996 370,328 120,484 142,400 2,062,174 181,696
1,168,578 848,044 163,021 949,106 280,934 322,256 88,326 174,307 669,025 44,700
583,919 2,475,806 146,174 2,175,165 248,115 1,353,301 64,118 778,038 1,555,535 515,125
610,788 1,571,737 87,512 1,668,159 193,234 4,340,444 105,744 183,397 2,033,880 362,779
407,711 2,529,918 37,894 1,780,690 33,081 745,142 44,090 407,711 1,222,444 403,688
259,790 1,663,743 28,176 2,320,214 158,650 834,677 343,532 259,790 311,188 264,615
1,884,662 1,848,917 9,999 2,026,911 177,077 392,628 247,457 1,884,662 1,064,533 542,784
261,352 1,658,124 33,011 854,570 241,582 486,308 41,567 261,352 264,962 503,670
11,097 3,060 4,570 12,709 3,818 4,230 15,820 4,570 1,986 430
9,279 3,473 1,562 10,889 6,094 2,176 2,580 2,048 3,936 924
6,180 15,561 152 13,652 336 864 936 483 2,416 232
8,258 2,009 17,563 10,641 183 949 13,282 1,327 1,659 621
11,395 16,077 563 6,208 194 2,554 1,591 2,023 7,440 614
11,764 5,430 2,369 4,998 1,956 2,035 1,078 2,305 2,434 154
5,372 14,425 2,093 9,494 1,587 7,912 700 9,633 4,838 1,623
5,817 7,985 1,251 7,012 1,240 20,616 1,144 2,223 5,713 1,035
3,739 11,374 555 6,894 227 3,403 497 462 2,929 1,191
2,609 7,335 416 8,953 1,136 4,050 3,759 535 806 779
19,350 8,490 155 7,658 1,054 2,000 2,147 1,043 2,789 1,599
2,831 7,721 550 3,393 1,333 2,909 807 3,547 732 1,559
128.00 132.50 76.40 242.00 155.50 131.80 71.90 76.40 231.00 320.00
140.00 131.00 79.00 238.00 184.90 153.00 65.00 81.00 375.00 325.00
129.90 118.00 77.70 205.00 174.50 136.20 60.50 75.00 318.90 312.80
117.00 119.20 75.00 179.00 159.00 129.90 80.50 74.80 278.00 325.00
106.50 162.00 69.90 182.90 155.50 154.00 78.90 74.00 294.90 300.00
106.30 159.30 75.00 202.00 160.00 161.90 93.00 79.50 295.00 300.00
115.00 192.70 74.00 247.00 168.50 203.00 95.80 87.00 348.00 365.00
111.00 205.00 73.90 252.00 166.90 239.00 102.00 87.00 400.00 360.00
120.50 242.00 72.00 275.00 157.50 232.00 97.00 85.00 460.00 364.00
102.50 239.50 69.50 272.00 145.00 230.00 113.00 83.90 410.00 364.50
104.50 230.50 69.00 279.90 188.00 206.50 116.20 82.00 419.90 365.00
100.00 222.00 64.40 261.90 193.50 183.00 102.50 74.00 383.50 337.80
115.00 111.00 67.00 200.00 145.00 112.60 53.50 67.00 202.00 282.00
118.10 116.20 68.10 201.10 150.50 130.00 54.00 70.20 217.00 290.00
112.00 108.20 62.00 169.80 145.10 115.50 49.50 64.00 251.00 286.10
95.00 109.60 62.00 161.60 142.40 115.00 56.00 62.10 262.00 285.00
97.50 145.10 57.00 164.20 125.00 129.00 70.20 64.70 263.00 0.00
95.50 150.00 58.00 173.00 136.00 144.70 75.00 70.00 265.00 280.00
101.10 155.60 66.10 199.00 147.10 152.10 84.10 75.00 290.00 286.50
99.00 175.10 66.00 225.60 146.00 196.00 80.00 76.90 335.10 310.00
96.00 192.00 60.20 235.20 136.00 200.00 75.00 67.00 390.00 290.00
97.80 213.50 63.00 240.00 134.10 199.50 76.00 66.00 365.00 300.00
95.00 203.00 60.00 248.10 135.20 182.10 95.00 73.50 370.00 322.10
85.00 207.50 54.80 246.00 162.20 155.00 90.10 65.00 342.10 305.00
48,557 53,176 30,994 36,623 34,003 34,754 27,086 24,885 26,040 22,403
52,779 51,326 30,994 34,390 38,058 36,451 28,512 25,188 35,412 22,973
46,690 47,851 31,880 28,507 34,720 31,600 27,657 21,758 32,400 21,750
41,533 46,945 28,426 28,843 32,928 34,198 34,500 23,507 32,136 21,975
39,747 47,965 26,035 30,562 30,576 38,148 35,640 23,540 31,716 21,375
41,818 50,244 30,064 33,608 33,421 42,151 43,623 25,760 35,400 21,750
44,660 61,118 31,039 40,601 36,960 53,099 40,582 28,887 40,296 27,000
42,021 62,697 30,020 39,677 34,272 58,056 41,818 26,399 47,952 25,493
40,397 71,674 27,895 42,330 30,688 53,762 36,400 22,531 47,148 22,500
39,788 69,898 29,135 44,681 31,562 52,967 47,377 25,356 78,967 25,800
38,570 69,372 27,408 44,491 38,080 48,486 45,904 24,885 44,400 24,465
39,260 68,320 26,168 42,734 42,336 44,563 44,669 39,260 41,280 23,055
Source : Colombo Stock Exchange
105
Table 9.9
Share Issues 2012 2015

2012 2013 (a) 2014 (b) 2015 (b)
No. No. No. No.

Issue and Sector of Shares Value of Shares Value of Shares Value of Shares Value
Issues 000 Rs. 000 Issues 000 Rs. 000 Issues 000 Rs. 000 Issues 000 Rs. 000
New Listing (c)

Banks, Finance & Insurance 1 118,316 295,790 1 285,800 1,649,986 1 6,630 79,565
Beverages, Food & Tobacco 1 62,000 300,000
Diversified Holdings 1 133,333 397,848
Manufacturing 1 59,860 838,047
Land & Property 1 32,000 96,000
Power & Energy 1 25,000 350,000
Construction & Engineering 1 20,000 500,000
Healathcare 1 100,000 250,000
Hotels & Travels 3 37,557 593,648 1 80,000 494,410
Total 6 200,873 1,739,438 1 80,000 494,410 5 572,993 3,281,881 2 106,630 329,565

Right Issues
Banks, Finance & Insurance 6 402,943 3,949,279 3 14,610 301,171 6 1,211,192 3,662,471 4 702,630 4,275,342
Beverages, Food & Tobacco 3 201,373 2,493,433
Chemicals & Pharmaceuticals
Construction & Engineering 1 53,290 2,398,069 1 53,290 2,398,069
Diversified Holdings 2 366,861 23,802,517 1 1,860,000 2,325,000 1 57,255 4,122,325
Footwear & Textiles 2 228,742 3,457,649 1 55,397 526,276
Hotels & Travels 1 3,039 110,929 1 66,000 660,000 1 109,624 767,368 2 137,950 2,101,264
Information Technology 1 114,467 343,400
Investment Trusts 2 2,500 200,000 1 50,945 1,031,289 1 3,993 49,909
Land & Property 1 1,619 129,533 1 44,394 976,666
Manufacturing 1 1,610 111,069 2 272,219 435,902 3 234,872 887,696
Motors 1 1,516 197,039
Plantations 1 26,977 323,721 1 8,000 360,000 1 140,501 1,334,760
Power & Energy 1 44,392 155,371
Trading 1 60,000 72,000
Stores & Supplies 1 380 45,562
Services 1 25 30,008
Total 19 913,193 10,930,983 9 629,938 25,539,088 13 3,612,667 11,146,375 16 1,375,290 16,221,603

Bonus Issues (d)
Banks, Finance & Insurance 1 20,000 300,000 1 6,522 260,910
Construction & Engineering 1 3,422 34,219
Land & Property 1 35,635 311,808 1 852 63,882
Manufacturing 1 30,325 527,006 1 384 3,847
Power & Energy 1 238,635

Total 2 39,057 346,027 3 51,177 890,888 2 6,906 264,757 1 238,635
(a) Revised Source : Colombo Stock Exchange

(b) Provisional
(c) Excluding new listings which were introduced by way of introductions.
(d) Including Capitalisation of Reserves.
106
GOVERNMENT FINANCE
Table 10.1
Summary of Fiscal Operations 2006 2015
Rs. Million
Item 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(a)
Revenue and Grants

507,901 595,559 686,481 725,566 834,188 983,003 1,067,532 1,153,306 1,204,621 1,460,892
Revenue
477,833 565,051 655,259 699,644 817,279 967,862 1,051,460 1,137,447 1,195,206 1,454,878
Tax Revenue (b)
428,378 508,947 585,621 618,933 724,747 845,697 908,913 1,005,895 1,050,362 1,355,779
Income Tax 79,693 107,168 126,541 139,558 135,623 157,310 172,563 205,666 198,115 262,583
Taxes on Goods and Services
259,827 286,157 306,409 272,383 355,366 436,758 457,818 506,906 539,023 724,282
Taxes on International Trade 73,807 84,406 112,336 137,260 130,749 162,071 184,634 191,815 198,483 244,231
Other 15,051 31,216 40,335 69,732 103,009 89,558 93,898 101,508 114,741 124,683
Non-Tax Revenue 49,455 56,104 69,639 80,711 92,532 122,165 142,547 131,552 144,844 99,099
Property Income
18,565 23,867 27,323 43,991 58,147 71,730 103,669 75,686 73,828 39,055
Fees and Charges
21,092 10,041 16,592 23,321 19,764 30,891 20,739 37,768 35,499 42,398
Other 9,798 22,196 25,724 13,399 14,621 19,544 18,139 18,098 35,517 17,646
Grants
30,068 30,508 31,222 25,922 16,909 15,141 16,071 15,859 9,415 6,014
Expenditure and Net Lending 713,646 841,604 996,126 1,201,927 1,280,205 1,433,182 1,556,498 1,669,396 1,795,865 2,290,394
Recurrent Expenditure 547,960 622,758 743,710 879,575 937,094 1,024,906 1,131,023 1,205,180 1,322,898 1,701,658
Expenditure on Goods and Services
253,025 292,632 360,328 379,731 388,286 451,604 487,833 512,624 568,829 772,563
o/w ; Salaries and Wages
175,031 214,160 239,078 271,229 300,558 319,601 347,747 393,228 440,982 561,730
Interest Payments
150,777 182,681 212,475 309,675 352,592 356,699 408,498 444,007 436,395 509,674
Domestic
133,787 161,370 182,198 273,978 297,127 288,134 317,659 343,022 327,934 394,289
Foreign 16,990 21,311 30,277 35,698 55,464 68,565 90,839 100,985 108,461 115,386
Transfer Payments
144,157 147,445 170,908 190,168 196,216 216,602 234,692 248,549 317,674 419,420
Capital Expenditure
162,214 206,162 232,607 277,416 302,087 377,812 400,082 454,303 459,855 588,175
Acquisition of Real Assets 88,209 111,510 128,605 143,590 158,488 217,438 197,350 252,535 252,303 313,260
Capital Transfers 74,005 94,651 104,002 133,826 143,599 160,374 202,732 201,768 207,551 274,916
Lending minus Repayments 3,473 12,684 19,809 44,936 41,025 30,464 25,394 9,913 13,112 561
Current Account Surplus (+) / Deficit (-)

-70,127 -57,707 -88,451 -179,931 -119,815 -57,044 -79,563 -67,733 -127,692 -246,779
Overall Budget Surplus (+) / Deficit (-)

-205,745 -246,045 -309,644 -476,361 -446,017 -450,180 -488,967 -516,090 -591,244 -829,502
Total Financing
205,745 246,045 309,644 476,361 446,017 450,180 488,967 516,090 591,244 829,502
Foreign Financing (c) 41,942 100,908 -4,643 230,807 243,788 218,956 286,455 123,700 212,523 236,803
Domestic Financing (d)
163,805 145,137 314,287 245,554 202,229 231,224 202,512 392,390 378,721 592,699
Market Borrowings
163,805 127,077 309,669 234,274 191,999 236,021 202,512 379,390 392,084 592,699
Bank 80,008 15,769 195,233 49,027 -1,892 191,850 131,527 296,977 126,929 291,841
Non-Bank 83,797 111,308 114,437 185,247 193,891 44,171 70,984 82,414 265,155 300,858
Other Borrowings 18,060 4,619 11,280 10,230 -4,798 13,000 -13,363
Outstanding Central Government Debt 2,582,648 3,041,685 3,588,962 4,161,422 4,590,245 5,133,365 6,000,112 6,793,249 7,390,899 8,503,227

Domestic 1,479,230 1,715,198 2,140,228 2,400,955 2,565,662 2,804,085 3,232,813 3,832,825 4,277,783 4,959,196

Foreign 1,103,418 1,326,487 1,448,734 1,760,467 2,024,583 2,329,280 2,767,299 2,960,424 3,113,116 3,544,031

As a Percentage of GDP
Revenue and Grants 17.3 16.6 15.6 15.0 13.0 13.6 12.2 12.0 11.5 13.1
Total Expenditure and Net Lending 24.3 23.5 22.6 24.9 20.0 19.9 17.8 17.4 17.2 20.5
Recurrent Expenditure 18.6 17.4 16.9 18.2 14.6 14.2 13.0 12.6 12.7 15.2
Current Account Surplus (+) / Deficit (-) -2.4 -1.6 -2.0 -3.7 -1.9 -0.8 -0.9 -0.7 -1.2 -2.2
Overall Budget Surplus (+) / Deficit (-) -7.0 -6.9 -7.0 -9.9 -7.0 -6.2 -5.6 -5.4 -5.7 -7.4

(b) Includes the amount of tax exemptions granted for specified projects and the amount of tax concessions Central Bank of Sri Lanka
granted on import of vehicles by public servants.
(c) Includes rupee denominated Treasury bonds and Treasury bills issued to foreign investors.
(d) Excludes restructuring bonds amounting to Rs. 13.0 billion and Rs. 23.9 billion issued to National Water
Supply and Drainage Board and Ceylon Petroleum Corporation, respectively in 2015.
107
GOVERNMENT FINANCE
Table 10.2
Functional Classification of Recurrent Expenditure 2006 2015
Rs. Million
Item 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(a)
General Public Services

133,105 162,102 207,348 224,881 228,136 245,266 254,371 270,554 334,354 414,275
Civil Administration 29,912 31,481 36,150 37,723 37,895 43,076 47,135 54,303 73,282 105,661
Defence 81,243 101,856 134,710 144,884 145,243 156,103 163,219 170,150 195,401 233,733
Public Order and Safety 21,950 28,765 36,487 42,274 44,998 46,087 44,017 46,101 65,671 74,881
Social Services
204,635 226,271 240,768 260,071 267,636 315,749 335,427 399,666 446,440 564,190
Education 61,144 72,592 77,141 82,414 85,195 99,043 107,271 119,819 139,787 169,600
Health 44,069 51,741 55,874 58,789 60,506 74,443 81,946 99,609 116,151 140,560
Welfare 86,753 91,747 94,789 105,017 107,690 123,122 128,451 159,787 165,467 230,035
Community Services 12,669 10,191 12,963 13,852 14,245 19,141 17,758 20,451 25,036 23,995
Economic Services
50,612 49,573 80,303 85,188 85,440 88,233 92,034 82,146 105,030 173,430
Agriculture & Irrigation
22,173 22,849 41,579 43,967 44,081 46,290 46,429 29,899 46,782 91,267
Energy and Water Supply 2,766 3,647 3,323 3,429 3,492 3,533 3,612 4,001 394 5,479
Transport & Communication
19,038 18,983 29,587 31,068 31,246 31,823 34,995 36,810 41,129 57,028
Other 6,635 4,094 5,814 6,724 6,621 6,587 6,998 11,435 16,726 19,656
Other
159,609 184,812 215,291 310,435 355,882 375,658 449,191 452,814 437,073 549,763
Of which : Interest Payments
150,777 182,681 212,475 309,675 352,592 356,699 408,498 444,007 436,395 509,674
Total Recurrent Expenditure 547,960 622,758 743,710 879,575 937,094 1,024,906 1,131,023 1,205,180 1,322,898 1,701,658
(a) Provisional Source : Ministry of Finance
Table 10.3
Functional Clasification of Capital Expenditure and Lending 2006 2015
Rs. Million
Item 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(a)
General Public Services

21,356 32,143 34,404 20,094 21,510 32,484 27,510 32,804 43,620 48,699
Civil Administration
18,109 28,438 29,675 18,686 20,212 28,668 26,565 31,631 40,282 44,886
Public Order and Safety 3,247 3,705 4,728 1,409 1,298 3,816 945 1,173 3,338 3,813
Social Services
48,386 54,986 60,236 53,938 56,205 63,366 71,176 77,643 112,338 124,369
Education
17,200 19,948 22,942 18,092 19,053 22,326 28,930 31,982 50,363 55,447
Health
13,969 16,961 18,674 12,664 13,329 14,794 17,155 19,920 22,252 37,230
Housing 4,021 4,481 4,826 5,291 5,489 7,105 7,823 8,014 7,769 7,811
Community Services
13,197 13,596 13,794 17,891 18,334 19,141 17,267 17,727 31,954 23,882
Economic Services
106,789 141,244 168,879 256,411 278,803 325,992 343,828 369,377 330,136 429,030
Agriculture & Irrigation 12,615 14,736 17,681 22,105 24,865 28,617 30,351 36,721 57,099 54,447
Energy and Water Supply 26,376 47,850 48,783 59,983 66,569 85,186 85,589 87,517 51,314 55,499
Transport & Communication 37,988 50,995 82,916 139,104 165,505 190,026 204,539 210,398 177,471 239,279
Other 29,810 27,663 19,499 35,219 21,864 22,162 23,350 34,741 44,252 79,805
Other 912 900 341 5 1 459 1,459 1,379 516 668

Total Capital Expenditure
and Lending
177,443 229,273 263,860 330,448 356,519 422,300 443,973 481,204 486,610 602,767
(a) Provisional. Source : Ministry of Finance
108
GOVERNMENT FINANCE
Table 10.4
Government Revenue 2006 2015 Rs. Million
Item 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(a)
Tax Revenue 428,378 508,947 585,621 618,933 724,747 845,697 908,913 1,005,895 1,050,362
1,355,779
Taxes on Foreign Trade 73,807 84,406 112,336 137,260 130,749 162,071 184,634 191,815 198,483 244,231
Imports 52,657 55,987 63,844 79,560 64,163 79,811 80,155 83,123 81,108 132,189
PAL / RIDL / SCL / Other (b) 21,150 28,419 48,492 57,700 66,685 82,260 104,479 108,692 117,375 112,042
Taxes on Domestic Goods
and Services 259,827 286,157 306,409 272,383 355,366 436,758 457,818 506,906 539,023 724,282
GST / VAT 164,555 187,452 203,646 171,510 219,990 225,858 229,604 250,757 275,350 219,700
Domestic 71,877 85,490 102,805 103,891 120,412 104,897 109,370 124,440 140,084 130,527
Imports 92,678 101,962 100,841 67,620 99,578 120,961 120,234 126,317 135,266 89,173
Excise Tax 93,529 96,675 100,970 97,604 129,864 204,822 223,960 250,700 256,691 497,652
Liquor 20,661 23,723 27,434 28,525 36,654 55,286 60,086 66,008 69,100 105,264
Tobacco / Cigarettes 30,067 31,437 37,288 37,601 40,675 49,623 53,563 58,567 57,240 80,015
Petrolium 18,234 17,126 18,977 23,018 28,038 22,470 28,466 27,131 28,732 45,092
Other 24,567 24,389 17,271 8,460 24,497 77,444 81,845 98,994 101,618 267,282
Licence Fees 1,743 2,030 1,793 3,269 5,512 6,078 4,254 5,449 6,983 6,929
Taxes on Net Income and Profits 79,693 107,168 126,541 139,558 135,623 157,310 172,563 205,666 198,115 262,583
Corporate 37,207 55,650 63,693 66,751 75,208 98,748 91,888 100,649 98,183 162,019
Non-Corporate 21,821 16,211 23,326 28,229 30,993 24,785 21,413 27,337 30,529 38,152
Taxes on Interest 20,665 35,307 39,522 44,578 29,422 33,776 59,262 77,679 69,402 62,412
Stamp Duty / Cess Levy /
SRL / NBT / Other (c) 8,796 24,030 31,925 61,696 92,165 85,326 93,898 101,508 114,742 124,683
Debits Tax 6,255 7,187 8,410 8,036 10,843 4,232
Non-Tax Revenue 49,455 56,104 69,639 80,711 92,532 122,165 142,547 131,552 144,844 99,099
Current Revenue 48,942 55,559 69,521 80,633 92,292 121,651 141,716 131,272 127,239 99,001
Property Income 18,565 23,867 27,323 43,991 58,147 71,730 103,669 75,686 73,828 39,055
Rent 1,294 1,709 2,050 1,425 2,048 3,580 2,197 2,331 5,669 2,823
Interest 10,320 9,242 9,305 9,043 8,017 9,846 9,488 9,664 7,978 4,498
Profits and Dividends 6,951 7,682 7,365 11,982 31,301 34,351 46,761 35,169 46,814 29,798
National Lottery 1,234 603 1,542 1,781 1,953 2,223 2,173 1,868 1,936
Central Bank Profit Transfers 4,000 8,000 20,000 15,000 22,000 43,000 26,350 11,500
Social Security Contributions 6,470 8,777 6,791 11,165 11,120 12,628 11,738 15,145 14,919 15,213
Fees and Administration Charges 21,092 10,041 16,592 23,321 19,746 30,891 20,739 37,768 35,499 42,398
Other 2,815 12,874 18,815 2,156 3,279 6,402 5,570 2,673 2,993 2,334
Capital Revenue (d) 513 545 118 78 240 514 831 280 17,604 98
Total 477,833 565,051 655,259 699,644 817,279 967,862 1,051,460 1,137,447 1,195,206
1,454,878
(a) Provisional Source : Ministry of Finance

(b) Port and Airport Development Levy (PAL), Regional Infrastructure Development Levy (RIDL) and Special Commodity Levy (SCL)
(c) Social Responsibility Levy (SRL) and Nation Building Tax (NBT)
(d) Sale of capital goods
Table 10.5
Central Government Domestic Debt 2006 2015 Rs. Million
Item 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(a)
By Instruments
Rupee Loans (b) 116,713 131,509 130,009 112,292 87,709 61,961 58,386 55,518 55,518 24,088
Treasury Bills (c) 257,732 307,012 402,600 441,032 514,442 590,885 629,070 700,137 694,767 658,240
SLDBs 62,469 86,459 158,805 168,079 173,877 183,845 222,994 369,215 391,083 668,458
Central Bank Advances 49,015 60,679 76,308 73,881 77,879 94,743 111,292 109,167 143,898 151,132
Treasury Bonds (d) 885,972 1,018,852 1,281,978 1,513,512 1,643,887 1,819,251 2,095,054 2,452,360 2,844,054 3,305,248
Other (e) 107,329 110,687 90,528 92,160 67,869 53,400 116,017 146,429 148,463 152,031
Total
1,479,230 1,715,198 2,140,228 2,400,955 2,565,662 2,804,085 3,232,813 3,832,825 4,277,783 4,959,196
By Ownership
Banking Sector 395,470 415,318 657,425 705,766 691,716 886,221 1,060,317 1,433,773 1,669,882 1,924,036
Central Bank 117,624 104,817 239,248 109,593 78,376 263,329 265,198 112,396 267,677 256,050
Commercial Banks 277,846 310,501 418,177 596,172 613,340 622,892 795,119 1,321,377 1,402,205 1,667,986
Non-Bank Sector
1,083,760 1,299,879 1,482,804 1,695,189 1,873,945 1,917,864 2,172,495 2,399,053 2,607,901 3,035,160
Insurance Funds 13,234 21,012 25,976 34,490 32,839 34,356 33,768 30,849 30,536 42,036
Provident and Pension Funds (f) 480,731 595,807 698,192 835,402 884,279 959,303 1,204,729 1,428,534 1,474,560 1,655,336
Official Funds (g) 95,988 107,480 107,234 132,485 167,374 161,568 178,900 202,118 221,584 252,615
Private Business and
Individuals (h) 313,166 372,976 443,084 426,177 495,261 447,385 424,015 365,376 500,773 656,367
Other 14,183 10,191 4,251 9,551 7,678 933 933 13,933 570 570
Total
1,479,230 1,715,198 2,140,228 2,400,955 2,565,662 2,804,085 3,232,813 3,832,825 4,277,783 4,959,196
(a) Provisional Sources : Ministry of Finance
(b) Includes the market value of investment held by joint investments fund on behalf of the sinking funds. Central Bank of Sri Lanka
(c) Excluding outstanding Treasury bills held by foreign investors from 2008. (f) Trusts, Benevolent, Pension and Provident Funds and the Employees
(d) Excludes Treasury bonds amounting to Rs.4,397 million issued to CWE in November 2003, Provident Fund.
Rs. 78,447 million issued to settle dues to CPC in January 2012, Rs. 13,125 million issued to capitalise (g) The Central Government, Local Authorities, State Corporations, Departmental
SriLankan Airlines in March 2013 and rupee denominated Treasury bonds held by foreign investors and other official funds.
from 2007. (h) Includes the value of Treasury Certificates of Deposits, Public Debt Sinking
(e) Includes administrative borrowings arising from foreign loans channelled through government or semi- Funds (the Investment Fund w.e.f. September, 1971) and the National Housing
government agencies and outstanding borrowings from Offshore Banking Units (OBUs). Sinking Fund.
109
GOVERNMENT FINANCE
Table 10.6
Central Government Foreign Debt 2006 2015
Rs. Million
Item 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(a)
By Type
Project Loans 978,356 1,087,359 1,261,304 1,362,806 1,461,729 1,640,117 1,846,772 1,938,909 1,904,599 2,180,388
Non-Project Loans 125,062 239,128 187,430 397,661 562,854 689,163 920,527 1,021,515 1,208,516 1,363,642
Commodity 69,021 68,665 66,499 62,304 54,653 53,460 56,599 61,597 69,993 71,470
Other 56,041 170,463 120,931 335,357 508,201 635,703 863,928 959,918 1,138,523 1,292,173
Total 1,103,418 1,326,487 1,448,734 1,760,467 2,024,583 2,329,280 2,767,299 2,960,424 3,113,116 3,544,031

By Ownership
Multilateral 534,356 580,719 618,181 665,040 674,936 721,916 844,292 903,540 887,960 994,430
ADB 269,211 292,151 317,763 344,661 358,872 383,461 448,421 478,796 471,762 533,806
EIB 9,345 15,326 18,010 20,463 18,792 18,054 23,438 23,248 21,133 29,728
IBRD 228 231 240 322 4,530 6,987 10,382
IDA 242,940 258,748 267,475 284,074 281,217 302,244 349,997 373,085 363,052 391,149
IFAD 7,997 8,719 9,052 10,309 11,032 13,007 16,013 17,419 17,098 18,631
OPEC 2,098 2,357 2,355 2,173 1,913 2,052 2,699 2,998 4,783 7,547
Nordic Development Fund 2,537 3,188 3,285 3,360 3,110 3,099 3,403 3,464 3,145 3,187
Bilateral 486,530 564,500 666,533 684,750 739,213 842,804 1,035,907 823,180 793,196 888,971
Canada 8,753 9,852 7,718 8,488 8,134 7,701 8,269 7,409 6,339 5,373
France (b) 9,714 10,255 12,424 15,021 18,427 19,503 24,273 26,861 24,698 25,406
Germany 61,644 65,977 61,528 58,279 50,263 47,547 51,164 52,112 43,342 40,726
India 12,382 14,843 15,294 17,902 17,292 41,927 78,322 102,843 119,982 137,413
Japan 305,897 327,711 426,936 426,767 478,931 529,013 547,515 468,366 416,408 457,483
Kuwait 3,794 3,855 4,649 5,103 5,237 5,799 6,194 5,749 5,357 6,765
Netherlands 2,080 1,455 751 291 87
Peoples Republic
of China 5,121 22,668 29,688 46,641 56,459 59,497 67,434 67,154 87,743 117,284
Saudi Arabian Fund 327 749 1,217 2,328 2,338 2,544 2,648 3,868 4,982 10,724
U.S.A. 57,310 52,797 50,708 46,952 42,414 40,318 41,386 38,854 35,246 34,594
Other 19,508 54,339 55,619 56,978 59,633 88,957 208,702 49,963 49,100 53,205
Financial Markets 82,533 181,268 164,020 410,676 610,433 764,560 887,100 1,233,704 1,431,959 1,660,630
Riggs National Bank 3,843 3,746 3,674 3,476 3,140 2,984 3,064 2,922 2,651 2,607
Indo-Suez Bank
(France & Stockholm) 48 16
Bankers Trust Co. 754 685 634 560 466 399 356 275 184 101
Saloman Bros. Inc.
(New York) 560 462 374 270 157 54
Citi Bank / NEXI 27,122 24,637 11,314 201
Other (c)(d) 50,206 151,722 148,024 406,370 606,670 761,124 883,680 1,230,507 1,429,125 1,657,720
Total
1,103,418 1,326,487 1,448,734 1,760,467 2,024,583 2,329,280 2,767,299 2,960,424 3,113,116 3,544,031

(b) Includes loans from financial institutions. Central Bank of Sri Lanka
(c) Excludes outstanding loans of projects under State Owned Business Enterprises.
(d) Includes outstanding defence loans, rupee denominated Treasury bonds (since 2007) and
Treasury bills (since 2008) held by foreign investors, proceeds from the international
sovereign bond issues and outstanding loans from China Exim Bank.
110
GOVERNMENT FINANCE
Table 10.7
Revenue and Expenditure of Provincial Councils(a)
Rs. Million
Item Western Central Southern Northern Eastern North North Uva Sabara- Total
Western
Central gamuwa
Revenue and Expenditure

Receipts 2013
Grant from the Central Govt. 9,834 15,008 13,202 10,526 11,721 14,255 8,326 10,574 13,270 106,716
Revenue 25,522 4,344 4,441 1,529 2,205 4,699 2,326 2,109 2,474 49,648
Total 35,355 19,352 17,644 12,055 13,927 18,953 10,652 12,682 15,744 156,364
Expenditure
Recurrent (Inclu. Local Govt.) 34,435 20,010 17,759 12,002 19,128 9,797 13,072 13,899 14,027 154,129
Capital Expenditure (b) 6,062 1,545 1,399 1,032 902 1,850 298 1,355 1,417 16,861
Total 40,497 21,555 19,158 13,034 20,029 11,647 14,370 15,254 15,444 170,989
Receipts 2014
Revenue 31,092 5,229 5,274 1,866 2,835 5,720 2,112 2,637 2,960 59,726
Total 43,862 24,267 22,364 15,911 17,716 24,342 13,764 17,152 19,537 198,914
Expenditure
Capital Expenditure (b) 6,986 1,507 1,969 1,217 1,188 2,918 1,578 2,312 2,234 21,908
Total 45,568 23,179 22,115 15,142 16,635 24,080 13,175 16,182 17,962 194,039
Receipts 2015
Revenue 35,607 6,027 6,104 2,219 2,705 6,384 2,818 2,727 3,381 67,972
Total 56,736 31,459 29,553 20,327 21,642 29,768 18,651 20,689 24,229 253,053
Expenditure
Capital Expenditure (b) 4,654 1,513 2,025 1,798 1,393 1,649 1,980 1,824 3,351 20,187
Total 54,088 29,511 27,662 20,171 21,279 28,247 16,829 20,414 24,209 242,410
Analysis of Revenue Collection 2013

Turnover Tax (c) 76 16 17 1 3 4 117
Excise Duty on Liquor (d) 327 196 75 18 615 24 54 55 1,363
Licence Fee Vehicles 2,931 628 671 189 281 851 350 246 440 6,588
Licence Fee Others 2 1 ... ... ... 4
Profit and Dividends
Other 11,548 2,009 2,228 1,008 1,259 2,616 1,532 1,344 1,292 25,837
Sub Total 14,882 2,852 2,992 1,197 1,558 4,083 1,909 1,648 1,787 32,909
Stamp Duty 10,640 1,492 1,449 331 647 615 417 460 686 16,739
Total 25,522 4,344 4,441 1,529 2,205 4,699 2,326 2,109 2,474 49,648
2014
Turnover Tax (c) 57 10 8 1 14 203 205 498
Excise Duty on Liquor (d) 333 246 78 21 104 47 56 57 942
Licence Fee Vehicles 3,325 674 785 219 337 953 392 278 517 7,480
Licence Fee Others 3 2 1 ... 1 ... 7
Other 13,668 2,498 2,680 1,249 1,354 3,951 1,292 1,504 1,403 29,599
Sub Total 17,383 3,432 3,554 1,468 1,712 5,010 1,745 2,041 2,182 38,526
Stamp Duty 13,709 1,797 1,721 398 656 709 368 597 653 20,607
Total 31,092 5,229 5,274 1,866 2,368 5,720 2,112 2,637 2,835 59,134
2015
Turnover Tax (c) 42 8 3 1 9 2 384 448
Excise Duty on Liquor (d) 723 416 171 50 164 58 126 113 1,820
Licence Fee Vehicles 3,751 806 945 283 335 1,131 488 347 626 8,711
Licence Fee Others 4 3 ... ... ... 6
Other 14,204 2,582 2,824 1,456 1,527 2,833 1,675 1,552 1,332 29,986
Sub Total 18,720 3,816 3,946 1,738 1,912 4,129 2,229 2,027 2,455 40,972
Stamp Duty 16,887 2,212 2,158 481 793 2,255 589 699 926 27,000
Total 35,607 6,027 6,104 2,219 2,705 6,384 2,818 2,727 3,381 67,972
(a) As at end December. Source : Ministry of Local Government and

(b) Project Specific Development Grants (PSDG) included. Provincial Councils
(c) Turnover tax calculation is been terminated as per the 2011 budget proposals.
This accounts to the arrearses collected for 2010.
(d) Including Licence Fee Liquor
Negligible
111
BANKING AND FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Table 11.1
Assets and Liabilities of the Central Bank 2006 2015
Rs. Million
Item 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(a)
ASSETS 492,850 561,935 598,370 821,873 985,407 1,141,717 1,284,448 1,246,008 1,464,295 1,426,259
International Reserves 360,564 440,327 325,439 685,659 862,534 838,607 965,910 1,058,355 1,129,975 1,126,674
Cash and Bank Balances Abroad

(including Treasury Bills) 117,507 174,044 158,193 232,705 243,672 360,508 327,749 541,148 603,773 666,961
Foreign Government and
Non-Government Securities 175,625 194,107 94,721 376,411 547,591 404,983 554,219 431,703 446,262 376,041
Special Drawing Rights 292 740 221 2,286 273 502 491 2,032 1,200 970
IMF Related Assets 66,984 71,159 72,179 74,223 70,926 72,588 80,861 83,369 78,616 82,666
Receivable 156 277 125 33 72 26 2,590 104 124 36
Loans and Advances 51,502 62,773 77,885 75,017 80,339 97,057 113,136 110,542 145,387 152,018
To Government 49,015 60,679 76,308 73,881 77,879 94,743 111,292 109,167 143,898 151,132
To Others 2,487 2,094 1,577 1,137 2,460 2,314 1,844 1,375 1,489 886

Government and Government
Guaranteed Securities 65,275 41,813
142,275 37,451 2,098 169,797 168,237 5,252 6,078 79,217
Other Assets and Accounts 15,508 17,022 33,199 23,746 40,436 36,257 37,165 71,858 182,855 68,349

LIABILITIES 492,850 561,935 598,370 821,873 985,407 1,141,717 1,284,448 1,246,008 1,464,295 1,426,259
Capital 1,000 1,000 25,000 25,000 25,000 25,000 35,000 35,000 50,000 50,000

Currency Issued 157,239 173,364 186,099 217,430 255,652 293,233 318,060 339,771 416,895 491,700
Notes in Circulation 152,919 168,782 181,307 212,173 249,977 287,080 311,152 332,382 408,773 481,969
Coins in Circulation 4,320 4,582 4,792 5,257 5,675 6,153 6,909 7,389 8,122 9,731

Deposits 214,684 239,879 260,859 361,918 465,017 646,616 736,447 678,469 603,314 732,662
Government 1,348 1,413 1,231 2,326 3,083 1,797 686 411 305 423
Govt. Agencies and Institutions 8 3 15 22 6 2 14 5 7 5
International Organisations,
Foreign Governments &
Foreign Banking Institutions 130,706 147,407 177,295 273,481 357,069 498,543 569,454 529,238 441,987 550,504
Other 7 2 7 3 6 4 4 5 5 3

Securities Outstanding 78,023 95,055

Borrowings Abroad

Other Liabilities and Accounts 119,927 147,693 126,413 139,502 144,683 176,868 194,941 192,767 394,086 151,935
112
Table 11.2
Selected Financial Highlights of Commercial Banks 2011 2015
Rs. Million
Item 2011 2012 2013 2014 (a) 2015 (b)
Profit and Loss Account

Turnover 346,836 490,393 576,502 546,702 578,039
Total Interest Income 293,177 418,678 499,523 460,733 486,348
Other Income 53,659 71,715 76,979 85,969 91,691
Total Interest Expense 153,079 244,446 321,141 270,247 260,657
Net Interest Income / Net Income from Banking Activities*
140,098 174,232 178,382 190,486 225,691
Other Expenses 104,436 118,334 126,293 140,027 156,997
Profit before Taxation and Provisions for
Bad and Doubtful Debt / Loans Written-Off 76,146 110,364 113,620 119,706 137,724
Provisions for Bad and Doubtful Debt / Loans Written-Off
-2,497 6,346 17,566 9,845 14,900
Profit before Taxation 78,643 104,018 96,054 109,861 122,825
Provision for Taxation 23,568 30,480 27,636 33,272 37,301
Profit after Taxation 55,075 73,539 68,419 76,589 85,523
Balance Sheet Items
Assets
Cash and Short-term Funds 147,466 168,571 282,217 542,656 303,623
Balances with Central Bank 148,638 169,250 150,765 164,212 190,765
Placements with Banks 130,727 163,854 99,310 161,607 243,007
Treasury bills 250,549 262,707 460,440 394,600 377,090
Investments other than Treasury bills (c) 485,405 625,381 781,619 1,018,923 1,456,110
Total Loans and Advances 2,278,467 2,774,487 3,008,839 3,377,935 4,168,805
Bills of Exchange 46,649 49,528 62,206 71,360 53,483
Loans and Advances 2,136,430 2,607,453 2,829,892 3,165,686 3,886,530
Lease Rentals Receivable 95,389 117,505 116,741 140,889 228,792
Fixed Assets 52,105 56,155 59,699 70,183 81,828
Other Assets 85,140 135,284 179,258 154,245 153,073
Total Assets 3,578,497 4,355,688 5,022,147 5,884,361 6,974,300
Liabilities
Deposits 2,558,731 3,061,297 3,552,439 3,976,635 4,638,976
Borrowings 566,709 727,132 825,504 1,186,197 1,518,959
Other Liabilities 147,629 200,328 225,307 230,784 242,219
Total Liabilities 3,273,068 3,988,757 4,603,250 5,393,616 6,400,153
Shareholders Funds
Share Capital / Assigned Capital 102,964 106,794 119,153 142,840 148,370
Reserve Funds 14,217 15,868 19,003 21,903 26,429
Other Reserves 188,248 244,268 280,741 326,002 399,348
Total 305,429 366,930 418,897 490,744 574,147
Total Liabilities and Funds Employed 3,578,497 4,355,688 5,022,147 5,884,361 6,974,300
Contingencies 1,967,856 2,026,010 2,178,657 2,084,103 2,195,476
Liquidity
Total Liquid Assets (Only DBU) 687,687 842,297 1,157,657 1,409,133 1,422,330
Liquidity Ratio % DBU (d) 26 26 31 33 29
Capital Adequacy
Capital Base 312,932 369,749 465,391 536,779 564,200
Tier I Capital (Core Capital) 271,188 323,773 380,024 443,858 465,397
Tier II Capital (Suplementary Capital) 41,744 45,976 85,367 92,920 98,803
Capital Adequacy Ratio % (e)
For Tier I Capital 13.4 13.9 14.3 14.1 11.7
For Capital Base 15.5 16.0 17.5 17.0 14.1
Net Loans and Advances 2,278,467 2,774,487 3,008,839 3,377,935 4,168,805
Total Loans and Advances 2,393,594 2,933,205 3,202,919 3,565,361 4,368,463
Less : Provisions for Possible Credit Losses 50,652 56,195 70,602 75,940 89,525
Interest in Suspense 61,851 64,711 75,689 76,076 79,949
Interest Receivable on Performing Advances 2,624 37,812 47,788 35,410 30,185
Credit Loss Provisions, % of Total Loans and Advances 2.1 1.9 2.2 2.1 2.0
Risk Weighted Assets and Off-Balance Sheet Exposure 2,022,358 2,335,851 2,659,643 3,152,442 3,990,044
% of Total Assets and Contingencies 55 47 43 35 31
Cash and Short-term Funds, % of Total Assets 4.1 3.9 5.6 9.2 4.4
(a) Revised (b) Provisional * Net Interest Income Source : Central Bank of Sri Lanka
(c) Includes investments in subsidiaries and associates, Treasury Bonds, SLDBs, Shares and Unit Trusts and Debt & Other Securities.
(d) Total value of liquid assets as a percentage of total liabilities less liabilities to share holders and Central Bank maintained by domestic units of commercial
banks in terms of the Directions issued by the Central Bank of Sri Lanka under the Banking Act.
(e) Capital as a percentage of total risk weighted assets and off balance sheet exposure maintained by commercial banks in terms of the Directions issued by
the Central Bank of Sri Lanka under the Banking Act.
113
Table 11.3
Assets and Liabilities of Commercial Banks 2006 2015
Rs. Million
Item 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
ASSETS
Cash in Hand 22,220 26,181 31,076 35,590 39,104 50,362 66,522 75,164 87,469 103,643
Due from Central Bank 85,716 93,319 84,432 88,047 107,705 149,711 169,466 151,200 164,428 199,646
Due from Domestic Banks 26,250 27,904 21,649 18,800 11,474 51,390 49,840 25,568 43,810 80,582
Cash Items in Process of Collection 12,289 15,139 12,799 27,893 6,066 21,866 35,890 25,762 14,831 17,591
Foreign Currency in Hand and

Balances due from Banks Abroad 196,688 199,122 197,624 236,081 191,240 159,567 155,013 108,503 196,950 359,740
Investments 176,863 211,247 249,665 476,507 538,474 517,045 648,725 980,866 1,063,638 1,189,962
Treasury bills 49,195 62,049 75,643 144,393 205,405 175,644 200,718 398,394 262,049 325,001
Government Securities 89,172 105,029 144,093 221,798 198,195 283,750 389,824 514,241 718,972 741,493
Other 38,497 44,170 29,930 110,316 134,874 57,651 58,183 68,231 82,616 123,468
Loans and Advances 880,878 1,030,737 1,146,442 1,137,416 1,454,619 1,905,732 2,305,613 2,547,661 2,776,488 3,477,653
Bills Purchased and Discounted 16,769 26,422 36,081 30,376 29,574 31,021 34,655 45,008 42,580 19,029
Overdrafts 221,295 246,873 286,702 246,205 338,357 373,762 495,973 489,383 531,878 605,893
Loans 642,814 757,443 823,659 860,834 1,086,687 1,500,949 1,774,985 2,013,271 2,202,030 2,852,731
Fixed and Other Assets 159,116 187,051 204,254 210,022 218,055 302,005 326,301 413,542 508,326 269,706
Total 1,560,020 1,790,700 1,947,940 2,230,356 2,566,737 3,157,677 3,757,370 4,328,266 4,855,940 5,698,522

LIABILITIES

Capital (Paid-up, Reserve Funds and
Undistributed Profit) 136,835 168,506 183,184 191,017 237,814 313,334 375,920 444,945 528,661 608,898
Demand Deposits 161,137 159,760 153,687 184,283 235,981 243,451 243,735 272,753 339,458 389,293
Inter-Banks 2,594 3,009 3,068 5,124 6,920 9,856 14,865 22,321 11,629 9,540
Govt. of Sri Lanka 30,697 34,399 23,297 20,396 34,607 33,691 25,398 24,754 34,441 44,204
Residents 124,657 119,407 122,285 154,849 190,637 195,835 198,496 219,966 282,722 326,905
Non-Residents 3,188 2,946 5,037 3,914 3,817 4,069 4,976 5,713 10,667 8,645
Time and Savings Deposits 960,266 1,147,602 1,256,881 1,488,603 1,718,996 2,117,734 2,554,485 2,980,394 3,301,517 3,901,124
Govt. of Sri Lanka 2,728 4,347 4,087 7,063 14,851 30,840 54,401 26,422 30,513 29,150
Residents 733,580 881,150 1,004,871 1,200,045 1,405,808 1,753,896 2,143,136 2,574,215 2,848,402 3,342,224
Non-Residents 223,957 262,104 247,923 281,495 298,337 332,998 356,948 379,757 422,601 529,750
Borrowings 127,429 101,751 124,942 103,329 112,825 167,017 217,952 239,441 283,758 377,930
Domestic Inter-Banks 104,694 87,369 107,054 88,998 99,473 147,275 142,492 127,460 145,315 182,212
Foreign 22,735 14,383 17,889 14,331 13,351 19,742 75,460 111,981 138,443 195,717
Other Liabilities 174,354 213,081 229,247 263,124 261,121 316,141 365,278 390,732 402,545 421,277
Total 1,560,020 1,790,700 1,947,940 2,230,356 2,566,737 3,157,677 3,757,370 4,328,266 4,855,940 5,698,522
Note : Data refer to operations of domestic banking units only. Source : Central Bank of Sri Lanka
114
Table 11.4
Mobilization of Deposits by Type of Deposit 2011 2015
Rupees Million Percentage Share

Item
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(a) 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(a)
Demand Deposits
(Commercial Banks)
280,300 269,832 296,548 380,970 446,448 9.02 7.31 6.86 7.82 7.91

Savings Deposits
980,791 1,006,416 1,120,222 1,472,320 1,744,923 31.55 27.27 25.92 30.23 30.90
Commercial Banks
849,820 874,131 974,164 1,282,186 1,518,521 27.34 23.69 22.54 26.33 26.89
National Savings Bank
105,637 106,334 112,635 138,189 161,926 3.40 2.88 2.61 2.84 2.87
Regional Rural / Regional
Development Banks 17,264 18,631 22,195 28,864 35,494 0.56 0.50 0.51 0.59 0.63
Licensed Finance
Companies 5,938 4,855 8,563 16,984 22,568 0.19 0.13 0.20 0.35 0.40
Thrift & Credit
Co-operative Societies 2,132 2,465 2,665 6,097 6,414 0.07 0.07 0.06 0.13 0.11

Time Deposits
1,847,113 2,413,865 2,904,260 3,016,311 3,456,179 59.43 65.41 67.21 61.94 61.20
Commercial Banks
1,333,777 1,794,658 2,170,548 2,180,149 2,531,020 42.91 48.63 50.23 44.77 44.82
National Savings Bank 304,154 334,011 364,563 397,635 418,554 9.79 9.05 8.44 8.17 7.41
Regional Rural / Regional
Development Banks 26,745 33,858 38,164 42,059 49,119 0.86 0.92 0.88 0.86 0.87
Licensed Finance
Companies
179,259 248,516 328,062 396,468 457,486 5.77 6.73 7.59 8.14 8.10
Thrift & Credit
Co-operative Societies 3,178 2,822 2,923 0.10 0.08 0.07

Total (b)
3,108,204 3,690,113 4,321,030 4,869,601 5,647,550 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00

(b) Demand, Savings & Time Deposits.
Table 11.5
Deposits of Commercial Banks by Ownership 2011 2015
Rs. Million
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Ownership Demand Time & Demand Time & Demand Time & Demand Time & Demand Time &
Deposits Savings Deposits Savings Deposits Savings Deposits Savings Deposits Savings
Deposits Deposits Deposits Deposits Deposits
Government 33,691 30,840 25,398 54,401 24,754 26,422 34,441 30,513 44,204 29,150
Financial Institutions (a) 11,787 39,227 9,327 50,316 14,112 81,296 18,189 78,243 21,197 72,337
Plantation 1,815 9,726 1,946 8,415 2,846 5,987 3,396 6,156 3,670 7,839
Trading 18,453 32,299 21,663 33,091 20,640 42,563 25,012 48,169 29,205 46,823
Manufacturing 10,727 21,477 10,161 27,800 15,125 28,504 19,299 35,739 15,779 45,846
Other Business Institutions 70,252 144,933 73,176 232,750 79,327 304,077 95,115 289,477 98,808 318,190
Non-Business Institutions 25,750 91,241 25,027 93,054 26,205 128,343 29,229 120,708 31,094 124,977
Individuals 73,088 1,450,469 69,535 1,710,631 76,818 1,968,451 92,725 2,240,810 110,696 2,618,366
Local Government and
Provincial Councils 14,915 11,346 9,626 15,412 12,413 17,373 14,633 17,404 12,355 6,372
Certificates of Deposits (b)
Foreign Currency Deposits 11,313 347,207 18,140 442,693 19,394 480,572 29,871 521,453 33,778 652,247
Total 271,791 2,178,765 263,999 2,668,563 291,635 3,083,590 327,469 3,358,157 326,793 3,249,585
(a) Includes Interbank Deposits. Source : Central Bank of Sri Lanka

(b) From 2011 onwards Certificates of Deposits are reported under other
categories based on their ownership.
115
Table 11.6
(a)(b)
Commercial Banks Loans and Advances to the Private Sector
Rs. Million
Dec. 2011 Dec. 2012 Dec. 2013 Dec. 2014 Dec. 2015 (c)
1. Agriculture and Fishing 264,265 321,779 304,922 287,292 308,950

of which,
Tea 38,511 43,051 54,303 68,543 72,707
Rubber 16,960 14,606 18,906 20,754 18,459
Coconut 4,647 5,101 7,010 7,821 12,234
Paddy 11,554 12,623 14,783 16,852 19,004
Vegetable and Fruit Cultivation, and Minor Food Crops 8,927 14,048 14,720 16,441 20,022
Livestock and Dairy Farming 7,205 8,433 8,246 11,221 14,432
Fisheries 5,892 10,392 10,374 11,707 11,022

2. Industry 686,988 789,699 899,620 1,118,034 1,397,487
of which,
Construction 268,252 329,556 384,160 469,764 639,240

of which,
Personal Housing including
Purchasing / Construction / Repairs 133,315 160,133 174,633 224,829 304,227
Staff Housing 39,729 45,934 50,253 55,983 64,563
Food and Beverages 42,248 53,483 60,572 71,072 85,372
Textiles and Apparel 98,494 96,251 105,960 148,528 129,884
Wood and Wood Products including Furniture 5,674 6,706 7,156 8,153 14,474
Paper and Paper Products 6,578 5,978 8,377 7,573 11,260
Chemical, Petroleum, Pharmaceutical and
Healthcare and Rubber and Plastic Products 34,987 34,902 37,038 51,094 76,174
Non-Metallic Mineral Products 5,913 7,510 8,299 10,786 14,994
Basic Metal Products 9,793 11,156 12,140 12,704 19,040
Fabricated Metal Products, Machinery and
Transport Equipment 62,591 72,351 85,988 101,003 124,892
Manufactured Products (not specified elsewhere) 4,981 6,709 8,363 10,898 14,513

3. Services 461,152 525,462 616,628 709,311 950,916
of which,
Wholesale and Retail Trade 158,804 183,192 233,835 230,826 273,033
Tourism 44,802 54,223 62,986 76,757 102,908
Financial and Business Services 116,886 121,133 117,705 147,513 217,593
Transport 12,524 15,971 28,373 31,376 53,983
Communication and Information Technology 19,658 27,375 24,243 40,567 50,049
Printing and Publishing 8,418 9,417 11,162 12,982 15,742
Education 3,492 4,220 5,355 5,380 7,134
Health 8,966 8,818 10,229 15,386 25,194
Shipping, Aviation and Supply, and Freight Forwarding 8,146 6,177 14,238 13,926 13,248

4. Personal Loans and Advances (d) 609,626 727,020 713,816 651,608 771,128
of which,
Consumer Durables 67,414 60,497 74,920 92,015 143,517

Pawning 281,909 339,355 292,873 172,699 133,418
Credit Cards 36,067 45,260 52,789 57,520 64,641
Personal Education 574 906 1,033 1,760 2,223
Personal Healthcare 258 738 1,236 2,062 3,300
Other 190,373 242,760 259,573 293,542 378,535

5. Total 2,022,030 2,363,960 2,534,986 2,766,246 3,428,481
(a) Based on the Quarterly Survey of Commercial Banks Loans and Advances to the Private Sector, Source : Central Bank of Sri Lanka.
which includes loans and advances of both DBUs and OBUs of commercial banks.
(b) Includes loans, overdrafts, bills discounted and purchased, and excludes cash items in the process
of collection.
(c) Provisional
(d) Excludes personal housing loans, classified under Construction and includes Safety Net Scheme
related loans.
116
Table 11.7
Number of Bank Branches by Province 2014 2015 Numbers
Western
Licensed Commercial Banks End 2014

Domestic Banks
Bank of Ceylon 160 73 68 67 58 58 48 43 51 626
Commercial Bank of Ceylon PLC 125 19 23 14 9 19 6 6 13 234
DFCC Vardhana Bank Ltd. 38 13 23 6 10 11 9 8 16 134
Hatton National Bank PLC 96 25 25 24 23 19 11 11 10 244
National Development Bank PLC 36 4 4 3 4 5 2 1 3 62
Nations Trust Bank PLC 42 4 13 2 5 5 1 3 4 79
Pan Asia Banking Corporation PLC 36 12 6 5 4 5 3 2 5 78
Peoples Bank 214 96 88 42 59 76 48 49 60 732
Sampath Bank PLC 98 20 25 13 17 21 9 9 12 224
Seylan Bank PLC 71 15 12 9 13 11 11 8 12 162
Union Bank of Colombo PLC 23 5 7 5 2 7 5 2 5 61
Amana Bank Ltd. 5 4 1 0 8 3 1 1 1 24
Cargills Bank Ltd. 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3
Foreign Banks
148 24 16 2 2 15 2 3 9 221
Total
1,095 314 311 192 214 255 156 146 201 2,884

Licensed Specialised Banks
MBSL Savings Bank 9 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 13
DFCC Bank 7 1 2 2 3 1 2 2 1 21
Housing Development Finance
Corporation Bank of Sri Lanka 12 4 4 2 3 4 1 2 3 35
Lankaputhra Development Bank Ltd. 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 7
National Savings Bank 82 18 32 22 13 15 11 8 18 219
Sanasa Development Bank 11 7 12 4 12 9 10 4 8 77
Sri Lanka Savings Bank 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 4
State Mortgage and Investment Bank 6 3 3 2 1 2 2 1 1 21
Pradeshiya Sanwardana Bank 30 33 52 6 17 30 26 27 34 255
Total 159 67 108 39 50 63 55 44 67 652

All Banks
1,254 381 419 231 264 318 211 190 268 3,536
Licensed Commercial Banks End 2015 (a)

Domestic Banks
Bank of Ceylon 160 73 68 67 58 59 49 43 54 631
DFCC Bank PLC (b) 39 13 24 6 10 11 9 8 16 136
National Development Bank PLC 36 4 4 3 4 5 2 1 3 62
Nations Trust Bank PLC 44 5 13 2 5 5 1 3 4 82
Pan Asia Banking Corporation PLC 37 12 6 5 4 5 3 2 5 79
Peoples Bank 214 96 88 42 59 76 48 49 60 732
Sampath Bank PLC 100 22 25 13 17 21 9 9 13 229
Seylan Bank PLC 71 15 12 9 13 11 11 8 12 162
Union Bank of Colombo PLC 24 5 7 5 2 7 5 2 5 62
Amana Bank Ltd. 5 4 1 0 8 3 1 1 1 24
Cargills Bank Ltd. 4 1 1 3 0 1 0 1 0 11
Foreign Banks
146 24 17 2 2 15 2 3 9 220
Total
1,103 319 315 195 214 258 158 148 205 2,915

Licensed Specialised Banks
Corporation Bank of Sri Lanka 12 4 4 2 3 4 2 2 3 36
Lankaputhra Development Bank Ltd. 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 7
Sanasa Development Bank 12 7 12 4 12 9 10 4 8 78
Sri Lanka Savings Bank 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 4
State Mortgage and Investment Bank 6 3 3 2 1 2 2 1 1 21
Pradeshiya Sanwardana Bank 30 33 52 6 17 30 26 27 34 255
Total 144 66 105 37 49 61 55 42 65 624

All Banks
1,247 385 420 232 263 319 213 190 270 3,539
Note : All Banking outlets except Students Savings Units. Source : Central Bank of Sri Lanka
(a) Provisional
(b) DFCC Bank and DFCC Vardhana Bank amalgamated on 01.10.2015 and DFCC Bank PLC was established.
117
Table 11.8
Banking Density by District 2015(a)
Lankaputhra Development Bank Ltd.

State Mortgage and Investment Bank
Pan Asia Banking Corporation PLC
National Development Bank PLC

Commercial Bank of Ceylon PLC
Corporation Bank of Sri Lanka

Sanasa Development Bank Ltd.
Pradeshiya Sanwardana Bank

Union Bank of Colombo Ltd.
Hatton National Bank PLC
Nations Trust Bank PLC
Sri Lanka Saving Bank

National Savings Bank
Banking Density Index (c)

MBSL Savings Bank
Sampath Bank PLC
Cargills Bank Ltd.
Population per Branch

Seylan Bank PLC
Total No. of Branches

DFCC Bank PLC
Bank of Ceylon
District
Peoples Bank
Foreign Banks (b)

Amana Bank
Population, 000
Domestic Commercial Banks Licenced Specialised Banks
Ampara 4 21 25 10 4 7 6 0 1 2 7 0 1 7 6 0 0 1 0 0 11 1 114 677 5,939 17

Anuradhapura 0 36 33 7 5 6 6 5 2 1 4 0 1 7 11 1 0 1 0 1 15 1 143 893 6,245 16
Badulla 1 23 36 6 6 5 5 1 1 2 5 0 1 1 4 1 0 1 0 0 18 2 119 844 7,092 14
Batticoloa 3 21 19 5 4 6 4 1 2 2 2 0 2 3 8 1 0 1 1 0 5 1 91 541 5,945 17
Colombo 4 100 123 64 79 66 42 14 30 32 22 4 25 7 47 2 0 7 1 1 4 99 773 2,375 3,072 33
Galle 1 27 39 9 11 10 5 3 2 6 8 0 1 6 12 1 0 2 0 0 19 11 173 1,091 6,306 16
Gampaha 1 39 56 25 37 24 18 7 5 8 8 0 8 2 26 2 0 3 0 0 9 35 313 2,354 7,521 13
Hambantota 0 18 18 8 6 6 5 2 2 4 5 0 1 3 8 1 0 1 1 0 15 3 107 628 5,869 17
Jaffna 0 36 25 14 10 8 5 3 2 2 4 2 2 1 19 1 0 1 0 0 2 2 139 597 4,295 23
Kalutara 0 21 35 7 11 10 11 3 2 4 9 0 3 3 9 2 0 2 0 0 17 12 161 1,250 7,764 13
Kandy 4 30 49 14 13 16 7 4 7 4 6 0 3 4 8 1 0 2 1 0 18 20 211 1,416 6,711 15
Kegalle 0 26 31 2 3 6 8 2 2 1 6 0 1 6 9 1 0 1 1 0 17 4 127 861 6,780 15
Kilinochchi 0 4 4 2 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 17 120 7,059 14
Kurunegala 2 35 52 9 11 12 6 4 1 3 6 1 2 6 10 1 0 3 0 0 19 7 190 1,658 8,726 11
Mannar 0 7 4 2 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 20 104 5,200 19
Matale 0 24 19 3 3 3 3 1 3 1 5 0 1 2 4 1 0 1 0 0 7 2 83 502 6,048 17
Matara 0 23 31 8 7 9 2 2 2 3 11 1 2 3 12 1 0 1 0 1 18 3 140 837 5,979 17
Moneragala 0 20 13 5 1 4 3 1 1 1 3 1 0 3 4 0 0 1 0 0 9 1 71 472 6,648 15
Mullaitivu 0 7 5 4 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 19 94 4,947 20
Nuwara Eliya 0 19 28 8 4 3 5 0 2 0 2 1 0 1 6 1 0 1 0 0 8 2 91 740 8,132 12
Polonnaruwa 1 13 15 4 2 3 5 0 1 0 5 0 1 3 2 1 0 1 1 0 11 1 70 419 5,986 17
Puttalam 1 24 24 10 9 9 5 3 4 2 5 0 3 3 5 1 0 1 1 0 11 8 129 790 6,124 16
Ratnapura 1 28 29 8 10 7 4 3 3 3 10 0 2 2 9 0 0 2 0 0 17 5 143 1,127 7,881 13
Trincomalee 1 16 15 8 1 4 3 1 1 1 1 0 1 2 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 58 397 6,845 15
Vavuniya 0 13 4 2 2 2 1 1 2 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 3 0 37 179 4,838 21
Total 24 631 732 244 241 229 162 62 79 82 136 11 62 78 223 21 0 36 7 4 255 220 3,539 20,966 5,924 17
Note : All Banking outlets except Students Savings Units. Source : Central Bank of Sri Lanka
(a) Provisional
(b) Foreign Banks Axis Bank Ltd., Citi Bank N.A., Deutsche Bank AG, Habib Bank Ltd, ICICI Bank Ltd.,
Indian Bank, Indian Overseas Bank, MCB Ltd., Public Bank Berhard, Standard Chartered Bank Ltd.,
State Bank of India and Hongkong & Shanghai Banking Corporation Ltd.
(c) No. of Bank Branches per 100,000 persons.
DFCC Bank and DFCC Vardhana Bank PLC amulgamated on 01.10.2015 and DFCC Bank PLC was established.
118
Table 11.9
Bank Branch Network 2006 2015
Name of Bank 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014(a) 2015(b)
Licensed Commercial Banks* 1,736 1,936 2,076 2,215 2,379 2,625 2,752 2,839 2,894 2,925
Domestic Banks 1,674 1,760 1,862 2,001 2,163 2,405 2,532 2,618 2,673 2,705
Bank of Ceylon 399 408 455 496 519 560 604 624 629 634
Peoples Bank 632 640 653 679 679 712 727 732 732 732
Sampath Bank PLC 97 106 115 132 172 207 211 215 224 229
Seylan Bank PLC 117 116 115 118 124 131 147 152 162 162
Other (c) 119 152 170 214 281 341 372 412 441 456
Foreign Banks 62 176 214 214 216 220 220 221 221 220
Pradeshiya Sanwardhana Bank 214 227 228 236 243 248 254 255 255 255
Other (d) 81 102 114 126 151 163 164 171 178 146
District Co-operative Rural Banks 1,608 1,628 1,763 1,805 1,935 2,019 1,949 2,080 2,185 2,210
Total 3,769 4,029 4,344 4,559 4,914 5,268 5,338 5,564 5,731 5,759
Population (000) 19,858 20,039 20,246 20,476 20,675 20,869 20,424 20,579 20,771 20,966
Population per Bank Branch 5,269 4,974 4,661 4,491 4,207 3,961 3,826 3,699 3,624 3,641
Bank Branches per 100,000 persons

Commercial Bank Branches 8.7 9.7 10.3 10.8 11.5 12.6 13.5 13.8 13.9 14.0
All Branches 19.0 20.1 21.5 22.3 23.8 25.2 26.1 27.0 27.6 27.5
* All Banking outlets except Students Savings Units. Source : Central Bank of Sri Lanka
(a) Revised
(b) Provisional
(c) Includes Union Bank of Colombo PLC, Pan Asia Banking Corporation PLC, Nations Trust Bank PLC, National Development Bank PLC,
DFCC Bank Ltd., Amana Bank Ltd. and Cargills Bank Ltd.
(d) Includes State Mortgage and Investment Bank, Sanasa Development Bank PLC., Lankaputhra Development Bank, MBSL Savings Bank, Sri Lanka
Savings Bank and Housing Development Finance Corporation Bank of Sri Lanka.
Note: DFCC Bank and DFCC Vardhana Bank PLC amalgamated on 01.10.2015 and DFCC Bank PLC was established.
Banking Density (LCBs and LSBs) by Province as at end 2015
Northern
North
Central
North
Western
Eastern
Central
Western Uva
Sabaragamuwa
Southern
119
Table 11.10
Non-Bank Financial Institutions 2008 2015(a)
(Calendar Years) Rs. Million
Item 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(b)
ASSETS 276,545 284,004 370,806 474,192 573,435 684,585 814,553 996,127
Cash and Bank Balances 13,783 17,490 12,414 20,351 25,887 40,907 44,091 43,844
Cash in Hand 1,810 3,768 1,493 1,517 2,100 2,540 3,097 3,391
Demand Deposits with Com. Banks 2,591 3,384 5,938 8,042 9,850 12,168 12,637 12,977
Time & Savings Deposits with Com. Banks 9,124 10,055 4,685 10,563 12,898 24,304 26,149 24,726
Time & Savings Deposits with
Licensed Finance Companies 6 500 340 439 403
Deposits with Other Institutions 259 283 298 222 539 1,555 1,769 2,347
Investments 20,129 25,749 51,592 30,724 40,000 51,776 109,717 99,634
Investments in Govt. of Sri Lanka Securities 11,690 14,711 20,237 12,525 18,949 30,623 62,325 58,122
Treasury Bills 11,163 10,917 13,976 12,230 17,465 26,327 48,690 49,040
Treasury Bonds 528 3,794 6,261 295 1,483 4,296 13,636 9,082
Shares Held for Trading Investments 1,231 2,246 4,888 4,192 5,713 5,198 7,213 6,916
Debentures 56 398 1,019 1,050 585 1,656 892 2,399
Shares in Other Companies 707 793 2,080 2,339 2,136 1,472 1,699 2,616
Shares in Subsidiary & Associate Companies 6,596 7,389 16,668 5,494 6,243 5,584 26,821 27,408
Investment in Promissary Notes/
Commerial Papers 55 653
Investment Properties 4,899 5,262 6,659 7,541 8,668 9,990
Other Investments 81 499 2,119 194 168 306 3,176 4,674
Provision for decline in value of
investment securities -232 -288 -316 -386 -455 -1,258 -1,079 -12,492
Loans & Advances (Net)
193,064 183,093 248,726 373,106 448,941 521,320 603,748 795,844
Leasing 79,257 64,477 87,503 166,051 214,866 249,117 275,593 419,296
Hire Purchase 66,620 69,992 96,036 118,400 122,985 122,176 120,613 73,364
Loans 36,012 41,946 53,545 72,664 91,267 144,443 210,704 307,816
Real Estate 10,778 8,376 7,435 6,000 5,909 5,211 4,308 3,619
Pawning Advances 5,487 7,471 15,231 20,568 31,374 26,279 22,577 23,934
Dues from Subsidiary and Associate Companies 3,691 3,888 5,707 4,733 5,296 5,860 7,554 9,643
Loan Loss Provisions and Suspended Interest -8,781 -13,058 -16,730 -15,310 -22,757 -31,765 -37,601 -41,828
Trading Stocks
18,239 21,256 19,104 15,716 14,292 15,065 14,572 12,936
Real Estate
13,968 14,154 15,630 11,330 9,926 8,065 7,006 5,737
Repossessed Items 1,491 2,286 1,560 1,453 2,239 4,768 6,173 4,821
Other 2,779 4,816 1,914 2,933 2,128 2,232 1,392 2,378
Fixed Assets 17,410 17,121 19,989 16,479 19,921 21,888 25,840 28,305
Other Assets
13,919 19,295 18,982 17,816 24,394 33,628 16,585 15,565
LIABILITIES 276,545 284,004 370,806 474,192 573,435 684,585 814,553 996,127
Capital Account 43,601 41,125 48,048 76,926 93,614 96,584 116,870 123,139
Paid-up Capital 12,929 15,237 22,280 51,663 58,829 58,894 65,899 63,026
Retained Earnings and Reserves 30,673 25,889 25,768 25,263 34,785 37,690 50,971 60,113
Deposits 103,477 119,797 146,120 186,007 254,117 337,297 414,116 480,636
Fixed Deposits 99,816 114,489 140,196 179,259 248,516 328,062 396,468 457,486
Savings Deposits 2,751 4,465 5,074 5,938 4,855 8,563 16,984 22,568
Certificate of Deposits 910 843 850 810 747 672 664 581
Borrowings from 103,575 93,121 138,992 171,686 177,284 193,111 217,385 314,295
Financial Institutions 68,060 55,218 91,412 103,104 96,968 94,938 110,835 176,595
Others 35,515 37,903 47,580 68,582 80,316 98,173 106,550 137,700
Other Liabilities 25,892 29,961 37,647 39,572 48,420 57,593 66,181 78,058
No. of Institutions 55 56 58 55 60 58 56 53
(a) Non-Bank Financial Institutions sector represent Licensed Finance Companies Source : Central Bank of Sri Lanka
and Specialised Leasing Companies.
(b) Provisional.
120
Table 11.11
Unit Trusts 2011 2015
Item 2011 2012 2013(a) 2014(b) 2015(b)
Income, Rs. 000

Interest 595,283 1,342,570 2,629,874 5,046,215 6,633,642
Dividend 190,100 207,596 282,819 346,024 276,583
Profit on Disposal of Shares 2,445,477 1,530,710 112,743 449,830 617,240
Profit on Trade of Units 476,629 120,964 322,073 73,319 286,198
Other 2,218,172 3,315,691 117,870 393,934 413,533
Profit for the Year, Rs. 000 5,921,909 2,566,597 1,887,858 5,028,742 7,242,769
Retained Earnings, Rs. 000
Profit Brought Forward 4,569,991 8,008,116 6,611,819 8,560,980 10,794,888
Profit for the Year 5,921,909 2,566,597 2,062,176 5,141,481 5,019,918
Net Creation on Income Equilation Account 35,133 6,178 812,748 3,636,949 271,188
Less : Income Distribution 927,383 469,702 808,469 1,405,642 1,297,844
Total : Profit carried forward 9,524,786 6,019,927 8,527,112 16,599,166 14,644,852
Investments, Rs. 000
Shares & Bonds (Market Value) 11,559,902 7,932,105 8,718,126 11,471,288 9,949,037
Treasury Bills and Repurchase Agreements (Cost) 796,981 1,494,664 38,236 15,067,321 9,447,629
Debentures (Market Value) 466,389 720,368 825,801 4,229,926 4,387,230
Debentures Unquoted (Cost) 20,726 4,202 56,212
Cash 1,282,829 1,665 637,015 7,704 3,033
Other (Repo, Commercial Papers, Bank Deposits) 2,368,336 4,893,727 16,743,002 42,906,159 45,472,531
Total 16,495,163 15,042,529 32,937,149 73,682,399 69,315,672
Net Current Assets, Rs. 000
Current Assets 1,800,432 3,688,205 11,888,683 24,298,730 17,149,699
Current Liabilities 357,837 157,733 442,900 586,439 454,246
Net Assets (Market Value of Funds), Rs. 000 15,436,715 12,722,939 32,037,440 72,063,853 63,371,705
Investments in Shares, No. of Shares
Banks, Finance & Insurance 10,288,261 28,501,192 22,860,691 26,426,594 26,266,563
Beverages, Food & Tobacco 1,759,600 14,079,093 20,731,192 20,269,970 7,068,429
Construction & Engineering 5,370 5,370 5,158 271,845 1,424,815
Power & Energy 22,792,900 24,080,199 22,704,350 20,768,895 15,451,197
Information Technology 189,500 210,300 495,760 3,355,382 3,355,382
Land & Property 7,180,100 8,621,175 8,598,147 10,680,399 13,310,099
Manufacturing 14,058,310 16,215,248 15,245,318 22,519,069 28,544,105
Hotels & Travels 34,804,972 26,549,141 25,714,446 25,441,751 21,366,027
Footwear & Textiles 81,500 109,500 81,500 314,215 775
Plantations 27,188,966 27,965,630 25,026,441 20,725,902 9,517,413
Trading 7,353,247 4,591,781 4,768,655 4,893,188 5,037,983
Diversified Holdings 4,781,671 20,257,232 37,767,578 56,065,948 17,449,782
Motors 28,126 17,289 109 2,724 261,766
Telecommunication 32,035,270 21,421,920 24,756,569 24,794,588 24,038,495
Chemicals 782,100 968,830 714,194 645,921 676,027
Health Care 583,900 13,556,328 15,290,738 609,866
Oil Palms 25,100 5,681
Other 10,012,379 27,877,644 34,229,388 40,692,267 1,866,795
Total 173,951,272 221,477,225 257,255,824 293,159,393 176,245,519
Investments in Shares, Rs. 000 (Market Value)
Banks, Finance & Insurance 1,176,987 1,312,752 1,100,784 78,065,444 125,300,462
Beverages, Food & Tobacco 409,892 506,897 685,759 1,473,566 15,319,769
Construction & Engineering 1,370 1,235 574 39,333 40,921
Power & Energy 468,791 532,234 463,582 781,757 561,193
Information Technology 3,240 1,724 1,487 126,691 1,007
Land & Property 228,742 206,519 217,427 322,780 417,967
Manufacturing 1,112,233 897,453 900,199 29,017,702 79,348,620
Hotels & Travels 3,707,935 1,575,715 1,425,271 2,536,300 4,367,040
Footwear & Textiles 2,323 325 1,785 13,132 17,350
Plantations 1,185,110 674,738 649,105 19,408,006 417,511
Trading 697,019 544,494 474,482 471,803 334,726
Diversified Holdings 772,989 483,332 746,145 1,507,439 47,000,969
Motors 23,790 10,405 40,889 19,111,438 7,756,466
Telecommunication 883,111 733,488 763,874 804,763 15,744,778
Chemicals 118,628 81,073 67,986 126,573 9,974,567
Health Care 2,730 5,749 205,831 23,822,652 100,415
Oil Palms 25,853 3,960
Other 840,521 667,415 824,235 41,482,261 13,599,010
Total 11,661,266 8,239,508 8,569,413 219,111,640 320,302,770
Total Cost on Share Investments, Rs. 000 6,276,554 193,652,263 300,087,462 11,902,336 61,601,935
Units in Issue (No.) 990,116,674 930,770,300 1,075,463,365 2,396,978,196 1,748,811,190
Dividends Paid, Rs. per unit (Average) (c) 0.9 0.7 0.5 0.4 0.3
Unit Holders (No.) 25,715 25,976 24,969 28,203 17,668
Buying Price of Units, Rs. per unit (d) 15.20 (c) 12.70 (c) 12.00 (c) 14.39 (c) 16.00 (c)
Selling Price of Units, Rs. per unit (d) 15.60 (c) 13.10 (c) 12.21 (c) 14.59 (c) 16.13 (c)
(a) Revised. Sources : Asset Trust Management Ltd. Comtrust Asset Management Ltd.
(b) Provisional Candor Asset Management Ltd. Investrust Wealth Management Ltd.
(c) Excluding data of First Capital Asset Management Ltd., Capital Alliance Investments Ltd. J B Financial (Pvt) Ltd.
National Asset Mgt., Guardian Acuity, Arpico Ataraxia and . Ceybank Asset Management (Pvt) Ltd. NDB Welth Mgt.
Assetline Capital. Ceylon Asset Management Co. Ltd
(d) Average Price for the year.
121
Table 11.12
Summary of Rural / Regional Development Banks 2006 2015
Item 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013(a) 2014(b) 2015(b)
No. of Banks 6 6 6 6 1 1 1 1 1 1
Branches 214 227 228 236 243 248 254 255 255 255
Staff 1,885 1,921 1,931 1,946 1,912 2,103 2,357 2,433 2,415 2,403

Deposits
Amount, Rs. Mn. 18,751 21,985 25,919 30,905 37,950 46,154 54,710 62,607 72,525 86,340
Savings 9,406 10,727 11,746 13,906 16,945 17,264 18,631 22,195 28,864 35,494
Time & Other 9,345 11,259 14,173 16,998 21,005 28,890 36,079 40,412 43,661 50,845

Loans
Amount, Rs. Mn. 20,358 23,380 27,193 29,121 37,451 48,356 53,750 60,090 61,996 88,394
Investments, Rs. Mn. 3,749 2,410 2,515 3,251 4,750 994 11 1 1,750 595
Total Assets, Rs. Mn. 26,125 29,864 34,388 39,114 46,678 58,773 69,245 78,878 92,854 107,980
(a) Revised data. Source : Central Bank of Sri Lanka

(b) Provisional
Note : During 2010, 06 regional developments banks were amulgamated and Pradeshiya Sanwardhana Bank was established.
Table 11.13
Summary of Co-operative Rural Banks and Credit Societies 2006 2015
Item 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(a)
Co-operative Rural Banks

No. of Banks 1,608 1,628 1,763 1,805 1,935 2,019 1,949 2,080 2,185 2,210
Deposits, Rs. Mn. 25,312 32,010 33,042 103,877 61,984 71,081 63,627 79,355 84,640 87,157
Savings Deposits 17,419 21,218 24,451 63,989 35,262 41,642 33,524 33,816 37,759 40,666
Time Deposits 7,892 10,792 8,591 39,886 26,723 29,440 30,103 45,539 46,881 46,490
Loans Outstanding, Rs. Mn. 8,944 9,321 9,775 67,424 44,398 30,781 51,371 39,520 37,757 45,130
Agriculture & Animal
Husbandry 3,200 3,450 3,277 4,315 2,952 1,162 4,759 2,083 2,344 4,475

Small Industries 506 509 618 2,089
858 1,262 2,858 1,906 2,668
Housing, Electrification &
Water 3,204 3,402 3,509 43,150
15,703 14,462 24,160 14,013 12,983 21,094
Commerce & Other Projects 312 325 399 6,059 2,774
17,607 8,298 7,737 5,854
Other 1,722 1,636 1,973 19,959 17,595 11,525 3,582 12,269 12,786 11,038

Thrift & Credit Co-operative
Societies
No. of Societies 8,440 8,440 8,440 8,440 8,440 8,424 8,424 8,424 8,424 8,424
Deposits, Rs. Mn. 3,936 3,870 3,565 4,483 4,764 5,311 5,287 5,588 3,883 1,603
Loans Granted, Rs. Mn. 2,525 2,584 3,105 3,093 3,205 3,987 4,175 4,766 4,808 7,060
Agriculture & Animal
Husbandry 562 635 755 955 1,037 1,243 1,461 1,561 1,734 1,959
Small Industries 172 192 208 265 273 483 434 476 357 1,047
Housing, Electrification &
Water 993 913 1,001 732 695 915 1,360 1,603 1,460 2,554
Commerce & Other Projects 369 501 503 796 865 673 564 664 734 904
Other 429 343 638 345 335 672 357 462 523 597
(a) Provisional Sources : Co-operative Development Department

Sanasa Federation
122
TRANSPORTATION
Table 12.1
Road Network 1998 2015
Kilometres
Year Class A Class B Class C Class D Expressways Total
1998 4,222 6,926 7,756 4,564 23,468

1999 4,221 7,241 7,824 5,926 25,212
2000 4,222 7,265 7,315 5,425 24,227
2001 4,337 7,571 7,536 5,720 25,164
2002 4,339 7,670 7,682 5,763 25,454
2003 4,339 7,670 8,136 5,765 25,910
2004 4,339 7,679 8,136 5,771 25,925
2005 4,314 7,706 8,257 6,074 26,351
2006 4,219 7,553 9,565 (a) 5,412 (a) 26,750
2007 4,219 7,655 9,575 (a) 5,418 (a) 26,867
2008 4,219 7,670 9,552 (a) 5,546 (a) 26,988
2009 4,216 7,704 11,231 5,855 29,006
2010 4,219 7,800 11,316 5,783 29,119
2011 4,219 7,800 11,424 6,356 95 29,895
2012 4,219 7,945 11,304 6,287 95 29,850
2013 4,219 7,949 11,669 6,726 121 30,684
2014 4,215 7,993 11,837 7,193 161 31,398
2015 4,215 7,995 12,322 6,578 170 31,280
(a) Excluding Northern Province. Sources : Road Development Authority
Provincial Road Development Authorities
Table 12.2
Road Kilometerage by Province and District 2015
Province/ Class Class Class Class Express- Total Province/ Class Class Class Class Express- Total
District A B C D ways District A B C D ways
Western 374 1,224 998 954 98 3,649 Eastern 620 551 722 376 2,269
Colombo 166 261 211 193 34 865 Batticaloa 206 61 254 131 652
Gampaha 128 621 370 515 35 1,671 Ampara 273 282 256 155 966
Kalutara 80 341 417 247 29 1,114 Trincomalee 141 209 211 90 651

Central 409 1,338 1,666 578 3,991 North Western 352 1,003 1,914 831 4,101
Kandy 184 563 934 352 2,032 Kurunegala 196 638 1,254 488 2,576
Matale 105 283 299 177 864 Puttalam 156 365 661 344 1,525
Nuwara Eliya 120 492 433 49 1,094
North Central 492 702 1,211 736 3,141
Southern 347 1,154 915 715 71 3,204 Anuradhapura 350 471 741 698 2,259
Galle 97 393 387 272 60 1,209 Polonnaruwa 143 230 471 39 882
Matara 135 257 288 243 11 935
Hambantota 115 504 240 200 1,060 Uva 471 693 1,689 682 3,535
Badulla 267 432 1,109 406 2,214
Northern 734 525 1,959 161 3,379 Moneragala 204 261 580 276 1,321
Jaffna (a)
544 45
381 277 1,608
Kilinochchi 322 39 Sabaragamuwa 416 804 1,247 1,544 4,011
Mannar 113 92 309 26 540 Kegalle 144 365 559 714 1,781
Mullaitivu 113 103 390 17 622 Ratnapura 272 440 688 830 2,230
Vavuniya 128 54 394 34 609

(a)
Total of Jaffna and Kilinochchi districts (only for Class A and B roads). Sources : Road Development Authority
A Class All roads within the network of Trunk Roads connecting the national capital with the provincial capitals and also connecting these capitals
with one another. Also included are other major roads (all roads paved and bitumen surfaced with carriage way between 24ft. to 36ft. and
platform width 36ft. to 56ft.).
B Class Main roads connecting other important towns and also providing important links within the trunk route system (Metalled and bitumen with
a small percentage gravelled).
C Class Other roads such as agricultural roads and local roads (Single carriage way of 12ft. width and a platform width of 22ft. mostly metalled but
with a small percentage gravelled).
D Class Gravelled road with 8ft. 10ft. width surface generally motorable during dry weather only.
123
TRANSPORTATION
Table 12.3
Road Kilometerage by Province
Road Western Central Southern Northern Eastern North North Uva Sabara- All
Class Western
Year 2011
Class A 374 409 347 734 620 353 495 471 416 4,219
Class B 1,209 1,331 1,019 524 551 971 699 693 804 7,800
Class C 998 1,665 1,026 1,886 722 1,091 1,230 1,559 1,247 11,424
Class D 954 578 803 134 376 1,065 722 180 1,544 6,356
Expressways 53 42 95
Total 3,588 3,982 3,236 3,279 2,269 3,481 3,146 2,903 4,011 29,895
Year 2012
Class A 374 409 347 734 620 353 495 471 416 4,219
Class B 1,215 1,338 1,149 524 551 971 699 693 804 7,945
Class C 998 1,665 924 1,886 722 1,091 1,211 1,559 1,247 11,304
Class D 954 578 720 134 376 1,065 736 180 1,544 6,287
Total 3,595 3,990 3,183 3,279 2,269 3,481 3,141 2,903 4,011 29,850
Year 2013
Class A 374 409 347 734 620 353 495 471 416 4,219
Class B 1,219 1,338 1,149 524 551 971 699 693 804 7,949
Class C 998 1,665 915 1,959 722 1,429 1,211 1,522 1,247 11,669
Class D 954 578 715 161 376 1,446 736 215 1,544 6,726
Total 3,625 3,990 3,169 3,379 2,269 4,199 3,141 2,901 4,011 30,684
Year 2014
Class A 374 409 347 734 620 352 492 471 416 4,215
Class B 1,222 1,338 1,154 525 551 1,003 702 693 804 7,993
Class C 998 1,666 915 1,959 722 1,914 1,211 1,689 1,247 12,322
Class D 954 578 715 161 376 831 736 682 1,544 6,578
Total 3,638 3,991 3,204 3,379 2,269 4,101 3,141 3,535 4,011 31,269
Year 2015
Class A 374 409 347 734 620 352 492 471 416 4,215
Class B 1,224 1,338 1,154 525 551 1,003 702 693 804 7,995
Class C 998 1,666 915 1,959 722 1,914 1,211 1,689 1,247 12,322
Class D 954 578 715 161 376 831 736 682 1,544 6,578
Total 3,649 3,991 3,204 3,379 2,269 4,101 3,141 3,535 4,011 31,280
Sources : Road Development Authority

A Class All roads within the network of Trunk Roads connecting the national capital with the provincial capitals and also connecting these capitals
with one another. Also included are other major roads (all roads paved and bitumen surfaced with carriage way between 24ft. to 36ft. and
platform width 36ft. to 56ft.).
B Class Main roads connecting other important towns and also providing important links within the trunk route system (Metalled and bitumen
with a small percentage gravelled).
C Class Other roads such as agricultural roads and local roads (Single carriage way of 12ft. width and a platform width of 22ft. mostly metalled
but with a small percentage gravelled).
D Class Gravelled road with 8ft. 10ft. width surface generally motorable during dry weather only.
124
TRANSPORTATION
Table 12.4
Motor Vehicles by Province(a)
Number

Vehicle Category Western Central Southern Northern Eastern Uva
Year 2013 (b)

Omnibuses* 6,863 2,764 2,145 1,010 720 2,192 866 942 2,031 19,533
Private Coaches** 13,155 2,181 2,739 538 456 2,968 683 867 2,239 25,826
Dual Purpose Vehicles 130,577 27,061 27,054 5,596 8,720 35,629 14,687 10,172 17,187 276,683
Private Cars 255,761 35,573 28,103 3,344 5,600 29,793 9,211 7,621 17,599 392,605
Land Vehicles 16,288 3,669 14,698 11,942 18,734 14,518 8,748 7,355 3,278 99,230
Goods Transport Vehicles 92,548 22,331 19,660 4,082 6,348 31,143 12,177 9,226 15,811 213,326
Motor Cycles 566,284 91,851 237,881 119,095 154,406 285,801 144,394 65,335 94,110 1,759,157
Threewheelers 253,014 92,729 99,238 13,646 31,947 78,614 41,888 45,289 88,243 744,608
Others 2,074 178 1,565 1,125 178 755 23 595 804 7,297
Total
1,336,564 278,337 433,083 160,378 227,109 481,413 232,677 147,402 241,302 3,538,265

Year 2014 (b)
Omnibuses* 7,699 2,612 1,894 1,146 720 2,187 816 787 1,971 19,832
Private Coaches** 13,779 2,061 2,972 474 427 2,890 670 893 2,247 26,413
Private Cars 269,063 38,309 31,402 3,511 6,265 31,567 9,500 9,102 19,740 418,459
Land Vehicles 15,016 3,845 13,578 11,775 17,872 13,772 7,691 6,915 3,178 93,642
Motor Cycles 600,347 100,830 257,722 124,023 163,326 303,235 143,238 72,356 101,637 1,866,714
Threewheelers 272,884 101,504 108,938 14,389 34,782 84,289 41,308 50,672 95,413 804,179
Others 1,328 157 320 1,812 231 635 34 706 663 5,886
Total
1,406,917 300,199 467,561 166,634 239,238 506,836 229,146 161,789 259,621 3,737,941
Year 2015 (c)

Omnibuses* 8,931 2,971 2,002 1,239 659 2,161 926 939 1,992 21,820
Private Coaches** 16,258 2,344 3,505 560 534 3,385 841 924 2,527 30,878
Private Cars 313,430 49,169 46,222 4,488 9,265 43,717 16,290 13,567 27,772 523,920
Land Vehicles 15,262 3,502 14,276 12,757 19,275 15,020 9,682 8,201 3,470 101,445
Motor Cycles 681,223 132,210 325,046 150,623 194,193 356,233 194,061 91,369 125,665 2,250,623
Threewheelers 313,182 116,342 126,055 16,854 43,984 96,065 56,428 62,912 109,016 940,838
Others 814 608 199 1,935 164 519 45 750 1,286 6,320
Total
1,595,719 365,427 575,865 199,328 286,234 593,336 311,700 203,798 310,495 4,441,902
(a) Motor Vehicles with valid revenue licenses. Sources : Divisional Secretariats
(b) Revised.
(c) Provisional.
* Buses owned by SLTB and private buses with route permits.

** Other private buses and coaches without route permits.
125
TRANSPORTATION
Table 12.5
New Registration of Motor Vehicles 2006 2015
Number
Item 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(a)
Passenger Transport 252,016 250,816 222,173 179,286 316,022 453,891 325,740 283,138 394,554 610,204
Buses and Coaches 3,346 2,637 1,180 739 2,491 4,248 3,095 1,805 3,851 4,140
Private Cars 27,578 22,603 20,237 5,762 23,072 57,886 31,546 28,380 38,780 105,628
Motor Cycles 156,626 182,508 155,952 135,421 204,811 253,331 192,284 169,280 272,885 370,889
Three Wheelers 64,466 43,068 44,804 37,364 85,648 138,426 98,815 83,673 79,038 129,547

Goods Transport 27,681 23,601 16,894 9,697 23,557 48,336 49,663 30,475 25,920 46,598
Lorries 19,775 17,994 13,588 8,016 10,803 12,446 10,445 4,525 3,851 5,356
Duel Purpose Vehicles 7,245 5,193 2,856 1,280 11,712 33,518 37,397 24,603 20,799 39,456
Others 661 414 450 401 1,042 2,372 1,821 1,347 1,270 1,786

Land Vehicles 20,825 23,476 26,132 15,092 19,664 23,194 21,892 13,038 9,082 12,105
Tractors 3,959 3,432 3,339 2,286 4,389 6,649 6,221 3,437 2,003 4,299
Hand Tractors 15,081 17,914 20,724 11,473 12,974 13,424 12,229 7,335 5,067 5,678
Others 1,785 2,130 2,069 1,333 2,301 3,121 3,442 2,266 2,012 2,128

Others

Total 300,522 297,893 265,199 204,075 359,243 525,421 397,295 326,651 429,556 668,907
(a) Provisional Source : Department of Motor Traffic
Table 12.6
SLTB/Regional Bus Companies 2006 2015
Item 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014(a) 2015(b)
Operational
Passenger Journeys, Mn. 852 920 910 918 669 671 915 892 924 1,019
Time Table Requirement (T.T.R.)
(Average), No. 7,008 7,064 7,112 7,134 7,129 7,131 7,176 7,176 7,226 7,235
Buses Operated
(Average Daily), No. 3,776 4,129 4,246 4,482 4,441 4,365 4,314 4,373 4,596 5,270
Operated Kilometres, Mn. 262 305 313 332 341 341 338 344 371 440
Passenger Kilometres (c)(d), Mn. 12,871 14,694 15,080 11,233 11,815 11,907 11,909 12,201 12,717 15,210
Seat Kilometres (e), Mn. 12,829 15,039 15,569 15,780 16,576 17,012 17,007 17,317 18,258 21,912
Average Passenger Journey, km. 15.1 16.0 16.6 17.1 17.1 17.7 18.7 18.7 18.7 19.8
Load Factor (f), % 99.0 97.0 96.0 96.0 71.3 70.0 70.0 70.5 69.7 69.4
Average Capacity of
Vehicles Operated, No. n.a. 50 52 52 49 48 52 52 52 52
Average Vehicle Utilization (g),
km. Operated n.a. 202 201 199 204 214 214 215 217 224
Revenue, Rs. Mn. 12,668 15,441 18,083 21,528 21,560 21,018 26,117 30,189 33,665 35,825
of which :
Way Bill Collection 7,917 10,695 12,973 13,442 14,658 15,176 18,209 19,430 21,956 24,249
Sales of Season Tickets 199 359 528 536 542 553 654 684 741 741
(a) Revised (e) Operated Kilometres Average Capacity. Source : Sri Lanka Transport Board
(b) Provisional (f) Passenger Kilometres
100
Seat Kilometres
(c) Total Revenue / Average Fare per Kilometre.
(g) Per Bus per Day.
(d) Data from 2009 has been revised due to a change
in the data source from National Transport n.a. Not available
Commission to Sri Lanka Transport Board.
126
TRANSPORTATION
Table 12.7
Sri Lanka Railways 2006 2015
Item 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(a)
Rolling Stock, No.

Locomotives (b)
Broad Gauge 178(c) 178(c) 187 187 191 68(d) 125(e) 137(e) 247(e) 247(e)
Dual Gauge (KV-Line) 5 5
Passenger Coaches
Broad Gauge 750(e) 750(e) 800 800 800 560 560 740 950 947
Goods Wagons
Broad Gauge 1,245(e) 1,245(e) 1,200 1,200 1,200 1,090 1,090 800 755 750
Route, km.
Broad Gauge 1,143 1,143 1,143 1,150 1,153 1,448 1,448 1,448 1,449 n.a.
Dual Gauge (KV-Line)

Main Stations, No.
Broad Gauge 172 172 172 172 172 183 183 174 168 173

Sub Stations, No.
Broad Gauge 161 161 161 162 162 160 160 164 194 163

Passenger Journeys, Mn.
Ordinary Ticket Passengers (f) 44 48 53 54 52 49 62 57 67 67
Season Ticket Passengers 61 62 52 48 49 47 44 61 62 67

Passenger Kilometres (g), Mn.
Ordinary Ticket Passengers 2,754 3,172 2,932 2,964 2,814 2,912 3,340 4,235 4,693 5,077(i)
Season Ticket Passengers (h) 1,567 1,594 1,749 1,604 1,539 1,663 1,699 2,023 2,149 2,281(i)

Revenue from Passenger Traffic, Rs. Mn.
Ordinary Ticket Passengers 1,386 1,586 2,024 2,490 2,363 2,445 2,806 3,557 3,942 4,164
Season Ticket Passengers 441 447 699 777 749 794 793 930 1,009 1,011

Coaching Train Kilometre, Mn. km. 7.8 9.6 9.2 9.5 9.8 10.0 10.6 10.9 11.1 11.6(i)

Goods Hauled, Mn. Tons 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.6 2.7 1.9 2.1 1.9 1.9 1.8(i)

Ton Kilometreage of Goods
Hauled (j), Mn. 138 133 121 113 163 154 143 133 130 127(i)

Receipts from Goods Traffic, Rs. Mn. 393 314 364 337 420 430 447 413 387 447(i)

Goods Train Kilometres, Mn. km. 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6(i)

Gross Receipts, Rs. Mn. 2,491 2,999 3,671 4,020 4,018 4,235 4,852 5,423 5,909 6,335

Working Expenditure, Rs. Mn. 6,473 7,297 8,225 8,788 7,191 8,295 8,648 10,586 16,943 14,049

Personnel Strength, No. 16,761 15,829 15,168 15,273 15,488 15,480 13,499 12,883 12,443 n.a.
(a) Provisional. Source : Sri Lanka Railways

(b) Locomotives include all engines, steam and diesel and power sets and rail cars.
(c) Maintainable Stock (including DMUs, Shunting Locos).
(d) Available Locomotives.
(e) Maintainable Stock.
(f) Number of journeys taken by passengers holding ordinary tickets (or number of ordinary ticket holders).
(g) Number of passengers travelled distance travelled.
(h) Number of season ticket holders multiplied by 40 (assuming that a season ticket holder usually takes
40 numbers of journey for a month).
(i) Estimated.
(j) Number of tons hauled distance hauled.
127
TRANSPORTATION
Table 12.8
Aviation : SriLankan Airlines 2007 2015
Item 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(a)
Scheduled Services
Kilometres Flown, 000 47,644 46,798 38,012 40,451 52,757 66,559 67,174 70,450 77,125
Hours Flown 69,184 67,796 54,228 62,003 74,886 93,922 95,238 97,319 96,494
Passengers Carried, No. 3,210,636 2,969,687 2,435,479 2,807,889 3,261,341 4,164,234 4,232,343 4,240,195 4,332,411
Freight Tons Carried, No. 97,735 87,381 69,106 83,147 87,919 97,829 99,190 97,563 101,429
Passenger Kilometres Flown, 000 9,841,000 9,168,854 7,851,363 9,399,619 10,676,945 12,790,217 12,987,511 12,719,412 12,747,024
Available Seat Kilometres Flown, 000 12,461,735 12,337,859 10,382,321 12,076,114 13,733,446 15,871,522 15,854,641 15,965,221 15,843,430
Passenger Load Factor, % 79.0 74.3 75.6 77.8 77.7 80.6 81.9 79.7 80.5
Total Tonne Kilometres
Performed, 000 1,224,232 1,145,858 976,052 1,472,746 1,287,385 1,493,190 1,511,496 1,473,534 1,478,424
Passengers
(Including Excess Baggage) 886,493 819,692 699,448 1,154,213 943,146 1,118,415 1,143,095 1,108,076 1,129,192
Freight & Mail 337,740 326,165 276,604 318,533 344,239 374,775 368,400 365,458 349,232
Available Tonne Kilometres, 000 1,717,548 1,714,940 1,477,005 1,716,252 1,917,296 2,175,677 2,191,103 2,200,320 2,176,147
Weight Load Factor, % 60 59 58 55 55 53 52 51 50
Employment, No. 5,213 4,874 4,664 4,969 5,487 6,159 6,548 6,903 7,020
(a) Provisional Source : Sri Lankan Airlines
Table 12.9
Port Services 2006 2015
Item 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(a)
Vessels Arrived 4,469 4,710 4,814 4,456 4,067 4,332 4,134 3,976 4,264 4,728
Colombo (b) 4,228 4,326 4,424 4,114 3,910 4,124 3,870 3,667 3,742 4,197
Galle 100 87 68 32 48 73 69 36 60 72
Trincomalee 141 297 322 310 109 126 161 134 127 164
Hambantota 9 34 139 335 295
Cargo Discharged, MT 000 27,038 28,621 30,451 29,284 36,585 39,448 39,806 40,019 44,871 46,655
Colombo (b) 24,085 26,110 28,086 27,214 34,307 36,642 36,721 37,453 41,540 43,271
Galle 735 626 458 166 318 464 422 200 394 540
Trincomalee 2,218 1,884 1,907 1,904 1,960 2,337 2,646 2,276 2,621 2,649
Hambantota 5 17 90 316 195
Cargo Loaded, MT 000 15,623 17,723 20,132 19,494 24,655 25,620 25,165 26,224 29,539 30,926
Colombo 15,342 17,392 19,874 19,159 24,461 25,373 24,949 26,029 29,254 30,447
Galle 0.3 0.5 1.5 0.8 0.4 0.3 0.0 6.7 0.4 1.8
Trincomalee 280 331 256 334 194 237 213 159 127 379
Hambantota 10 3 29 158 98
Total Cargo Handled (b)
(Port of Colombo), MT 000 39,428 43,502 47,960 46,373 58,768 62,016 61,670 63,482 70,794 73,718
Containerised 31,947 35,934 40,490 39,601 51,426 54,109 53,504 56,195 63,329 65,682
Break Bulk 1,060 1,048 838 649 627 722 618 364 601 1,113
Dry Bulk 2,188 2,257 2,565 2,097 2,556 2,620 2,709 2,657 2,444 2,344
Liquid Bulk 4,233 4,264 4,068 4,026 4,159 4,565 4,839 4,265 4,420 4,579
Container Throughput
(Port of Colombo), TEU 3,079,085 3,381,242 3,687,338 3,464,297 4,137,441 4,262,887 4,187,120 4,306,206 4,907,915 5,185,467
Domestic 748,896 803,076 813,271 751,992 932,244 1,046,886 1,020,255 1,031,977 1,126,985 1,217,971
Transhipment 2,249,500 2,468,661 2,785,422 2,633,055 3,095,589 3,123,828 3,064,767 3,208,117 3,699,710 3,888,321
Re-Stowing 80,689 109,505 88,645 79,250 109,608 92,173 102,098 66,112 81,220 79,175
Revenue, Rs. Mn. 23,004 25,913 25,143 23,331 28,280 31,086 38,098 37,232 37,492 40,805
Colombo 22,318 25,296 24,561 22,816 27,724 30,347 36,943 35,804 35,159 37,214
Galle 465 361 314 178 277 441 597 478 696 915
Trincomalee 221 256 268 337 279 285 423 366 400 530
Hambantota 13 135 585 1,237 2,145
Employees 13,660 13,667 13,715 13,367 12,828 11,008 10,200 9,886 9,598 9,550
Colombo 12,382 12,470 12,548 12,263 11,681 10,059 9,325 9,014 8,747 8,725
Galle 615 577 553 513 500 433 391 378 373 355
Trincomalee 663 620 614 591 598 466 436 426 419 417
Hambantota 49 50 48 68 59 53
(a) Provisional Source : Sri Lanka Ports Authority

(b) Including South Asia Gateway Terminal Ltd., that commenced
Cargo Handling at the QEQ with effect from 5 September 1999.
128
TRANSPORTATION
Table 12.10
Selected Public Transport Indicators by Province

Item Western Central Southern Northern Eastern Uva
Sri Lanka Railways

Operated Kilometers, Mn.

2012 5.1 0.9 1.1 0.3 0.6 1.3 0.8 0.2 0.3 10.6
2013 5.2 0.9 1.1 0.4 0.7 1.3 0.8 0.2 0.3 10.9
2014 5.4 0.9 1.1 0.4 0.7 1.3 0.8 0.2 0.3 11.1
2015 (a)(b) n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.

Passenger Kilometers, Mn.
2012 3,230.7 331.2 222.5 198.3 252.0 300.5 222.5 117.6 164.2 5,039.4
2013 3,984.6 399.3 344.8 242.0 320.1 368.5 266.2 137.0 195.5 6,257.9
2014 4,166.6 411.2 342.8 686.9 274.4 342.8 274.4 136.8 205.9 6,841.9
2015 (a)(b) 4,583.0 455.9 387.0 511.6 335.7 401.0 304.0 154.1 225.7 7,358.0
Freight Tonne Kilometers,
Mn.
2012 37.2 5.9 7.3 0.1 19.5 58.2 11.3 2.6 1.3 143.4
2013 33.3 6.2 6.7 0.1 17.5 52.3 10.0 2.4 1.2 128.2
2014 39.1 6.6 7.7 0.1 20.5 60.7 11.8 2.8 1.4 150.6
2015 (a)(b) 33.1 5.9 6.6 0.1 17.4 51.0 9.9 2.3 1.2 127.4

Private Bus Services
Total Fleet
2012 7,201 3,002 1,907 1,296 736 2,356 1,223 1,302 1,421 20,444
2013 6,970 2,876 1,906 1,176 676 2,043 875 1,185 1,944 19,651
2014 7,526 2,888 1,932 1,122 678 2,075 902 1,193 2,105 20,421
2015 (a)(b) 6,019 2,113 1,338 1,153 560 1,470 680 1,074 1,876 16,283
Buses Operated
2012 6,071 2,751 1,621 1,021 526 1,839 926 1,028 1,346 17,129
2013 5,384 2,783 1,753 963 530 1,925 831 1,143 1,755 17,067
2014 6,746 2,806 1,816 968 460 1,820 764 1,152 2,001 18,534
2015 (a)(b) 4,808 2,012 1,205 1,006 382 1,258 623 827 1,715 13,836
Seating Capacity
2012 273,195 123,795 72,945 45,945 23,670 82,755 41,670 46,260 60,570 770,805
2013 242,280 125,235 78,885 43,335 23,850 86,625 37,395 51,435 78,975 768,015
2014 283,349 117,837 76,280 40,652 19,324 76,446 32,107 48,386 84,044 778,426
2015 (a) 201,936 84,504 50,610 42,252 16,044 52,836 26,166 34,734 72,030 581,112
2012 292.5 132.6 78.1 49.2 25.3 88.6 44.6 49.6 64.8 825.3
2013 267.3 138.2 87.0 47.8 26.3 95.6 41.2 56.7 87.1 847.2
2014 361.8 152.4 112.7 50.4 27.3 115.2 45.9 64.0 112.1 1,041.8
2015 (a)(b) 238.7 99.9 59.8 49.9 19.0 62.4 30.9 41.1 85.1 686.8

Passenger Kilometers, Mn.
2012 15,356.3 6,958.5 4,100.2 2,582.6 1,330.5 4,651.7 2,342.3 2,600.2 3,404.6 43,326.9
2013 14,031.2 7,252.8 4,568.5 2,509.7 1,381.2 5,016.7 2,165.7 2,978.8 4,573.7 44,478.3
2014 16,715.2 7,040.3 5,205.9 2,328.0 1,261.2 5,321.5 2,121.6 2,954.6 5,181.1 48,129.4
2015 (a)(b) 11,026.5 4,614.3 2,763.5 2,307.1 876.1 2,885.1 1,428.8 1,896.6 3,933.1 31,731.1

SLCTB / Regional Bus Companies (c)

Buses Operated
2012 1,024 621 408 151 195 494 345 393 619 4,250
2013 1,151 570 410 179 214 499 442 419 503 4,387
2014 1,240 613 414 180 228 507 436 449 529 4,596
2015 (a) 1,385 767 482 227 295 574 415 549 591 5,285

Passenger Kilometers. Mn.
2012 2,882.1 1,691.5 1,367.8 471.8 734.9 1,434.1 1,078.9 985.5 1,262.6 11,909.2
2013 2,908.4 1,630.2 1,370.4 538.0 824.0 1,407.4 1,243.4 1,040.3 1,241.9 12,203.9
2014 3,152.9 1,709.3 1,337.7 570.9 932.9 1,451.7 1,305.9 1,139.8 1,122.4 12,723.4
2015 (a) 3,685.8 2,143.4 1,598.5 824.1 1,166.1 1,663.0 1,330.4 1,470.7 1,337.3 15,219.2
2012 80.6 42.8 37.8 14.4 19.5 42.5 31.2 29.3 39.8 337.8
2013 82.3 41.3 35.8 15.3 20.7 42.0 35.0 31.4 38.8 342.8
2014 97.5 42.4 38.5 17.1 23.7 43.5 38.4 35.1 35.1 371.2
2015 (a) 112.3 54.6 45.4 23.3 30.3 50.4 38.5 45.4 40.3 440.4
(a) Provisional Sources : National Transport Commission
(b) Estimated Sri Lanka Transport Board
(c) Buses under SLTTS (Sri Lanka Tourist Transport Service), Sri Lanka Railways
are included in Western Province from 2014 onwards.
n.a. Not available 129
SOCIO-ECONOMIC SERVICES
Table 13.1
National Level Findings of the Household Income and Expenditure Survey (HIES)
by Survey Period Sri Lanka
HIES Survey period
Variable Unit
1980/81 1985/86 1990/91 1995/96 2002 2005 2006/07 2009/10 2012/13
Mean household income per month Rs. 881 2,012 3,549 6,476 12,803 20,048 26,286 36,451 45,878
Median household income per month Rs. 642 1,322 2,547 3,793 8,482 13,617 16,735 23,746 30,814
Mean per capita income per month Rs. 180 395 724 1,439 3,056 4,896 6,463 9,104 11,819
Income receivers mean income per month Rs. 469 941 1,819 3,367 6,959 10,563 14,457 20,427 25,963
No. of income receivers per household Persons 1.6 2.0 2.0 1.8 1.8 1.9 1.8 1.8 1.8
Household size Persons 4.9 5.1 4.9 4.5 4.2 4.1 4.1 4.0 3.9
Monetary income per month per household Rs. 749 1,334 2,963 5,264 10,386 17,089 22,616 31,209 39,300
Non-Monetary income per month

per household Rs. 132 678 586 1,212 2,419 2,959 3,670 5,242 6,578
Gini coefficient of household income 0.43 0.46 0.43 0.46 0.47 0.47 0.49 0.49 0.48
Gini coefficient of household expenditure 0.36 0.41 0.40 0.41 0.37 0.40
Gini coefficient of income receivers income 0.43 0.52 0.52 0.53 0.55 0.55 0.55 0.53
Mean household expenditure per month Rs. 1,232 2,079 3,905 6,525 13,147 19,151 22,952 31,331 41,444
Expenditure on food and drink Rs. 801 1,198 2,377 3,552 5,848 7,593 8,641 13,267 15,651
Expenditure on non food items (excluding

liquor, narcotic drugs and tobacco) Rs. 377 802 1,384 2,753 6,993 11,079 13,819 17,399 25,088
Expenditure on liquor,
narcotic drugs and tobacco Rs. 54 79 144 219 306 479 492 665 705
Food Ratio
(Food and Drink/Household Expenditure) % 65.0 57.6 60.9 54.4 44.5 39.6 37.6 42.3 37.8
Poverty Head Count Ratio % 26.1 28.8 22.7 15.2 8.9 6.7
Source : Household Income and Expenditure Survey Series,

Department of Census and Statistics
Total Income & Food Ratio (Food and Drink /Household Expenditure)
50,000 70
60
40,000
50
Total Income (Rs.)
Food Ratio (%)
30,000
40
30
20,000
20
10,000
10
0 0
1980/81 1985/86 1990/91 1995/96 2002 2005 2006/07 2009/10 2012/13
Total Income per Month per Houseold Food Ratio
130
Table 13.2
Average Monthly Household Expenditure on Selected Food/Non-Food Items
by HIES Survey Period Sri Lanka
HIES Survey period
Expenditure Group
1980/81 1985/86 1990/91 1995/96 2002 2005 2006/07 2009/10 2012/13
Average Monthly Expenditure (Rs.)

Food Expenditure
Rice 252 306 610 752 1,052 1,051 1,197 2,298 2,134
Wheat Flour 19 31 35 39 72 94 97 189 210
Bread 37 64 107 158 254 273 303 426 462
Condiments 64 119 252 353 532 687 803 1,209 1,416
Pulses 19 44 115 130 185 259 304 547 552
Vegetables 73 120 235 296 464 617 727 1,006 1,279
Coconuts 66 71 130 244 426 429 473 738 962
Meat 14 31 80 156 188 337 366 517 669
Fish 40 71 137 233 371 647 744 1,163 1,430
Dried Fish 28 48 101 162 219 290 348 492 656
Milk & Milk Products 27 52 122 254 489 748 754 1,038 1,389
Eggs 6 11 26 39 47 78 85 134 160
Fruit 10 15 32 62 212 296 294 386 461
Sugar 62 76 155 184 193 248 315 452 459
Other Food & Drinks 80 151 234 490 1,144 1,539 1,831 2,672 3,412
Total 801 1,198 2,377 3,552 5,848 7,593 8,641 13,267 15,651
Non-Food Expenditure
Housing 66 148 340 825 1,661 2,054 2,639 3,446 4,667
Fuel and Light 67 104 180 294 552 811 1,042 1,278 1,755
Clothing and Textile and Foot-Wear 53 95 159 282 388 588 694 903 1,194
Personal Care and Health 36 80 148 309 581 1,106 980 1,429 2,181
Transport and Communication 62 105 192 382 929 1,733 2,401 3,072 4,315
Education 17 29 66 128 315 473 632 1,018 1,448
Cultural and Entertainment 10 33 69 149 255 260 402 515
Non-Durable Household Goods 19 59 87 142 315 301 264 318
Consumer Durables 25 39 53 121 318 713 786 780 1,018
Other Non-Consumer Expenditure 22 202 153 256 1,957 3,033 4,083 4,807 7,678
Liquor and Tobacco 54 79 144 219 306 479 492 665 705
Total 431 881 1,528 2,972 7,299 11,558 14,311 18,064 25,793
Average Monthly Expenditure (% share)

Food Expenditure
Rice 31.5 25.3 22.4 21.2 18.0 13.8 13.9 17.3 13.6
Wheat Flour 2.4 2.6 1.4 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.4 1.3
Bread 4.7 5.3 4.2 4.4 4.3 3.6 3.5 3.2 3.0
Condiments 8.0 10.4 9.1 9.9 9.1 9.0 9.3 9.1 9.0
Pulses 2.4 3.6 4.4 3.7 3.2 3.4 3.5 4.1 3.5
Vegetables 7.5 9.9 8.8 8.3 7.9 8.1 8.4 7.6 8.2
Coconuts 8.2 5.9 8.6 6.9 7.3 5.6 5.5 5.6 6.1
Meat 1.8 2.5 3.1 4.4 3.2 4.4 4.2 3.9 4.3
Fish 4.9 5.8 5.1 6.6 6.3 8.5 8.6 8.8 9.1
Dried Fish 3.2 4.0 4.0 4.6 3.7 3.6 4.0 3.7 4.2
Milk & Milk Products 3.3 4.3 4.7 7.1 8.4 9.8 8.7 7.8 8.9
Eggs 0.8 0.9 1.1 1.1 0.8 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
Fruit 1.2 1.2 1.4 1.7 3.6 3.9 3.4 2.9 2.9
Sugar 7.8 6.3 6.2 5.2 3.3 3.3 3.6 3.4 2.9
Other Food & Drinks 12.3 12.0 15.4 13.8 19.6 20.3 21.2 20.1 21.8
Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Non-Food Expenditure
Housing 15.3 18.5 22.3 27.8 22.8 17.8 18.4 19.1 18.1
Fuel and Light 15.5 13.0 11.8 9.9 7.6 7.0 7.3 7.1 6.8
Clothing and Textile and Foot-Wear 12.3 11.8 10.4 9.5 5.3 5.1 4.9 5.0 4.6
Personal Care and Health 8.4 10.0 9.7 10.4 8.0 9.6 6.9 7.9 8.5
Transport and Communication 14.4 13.1 12.6 12.9 12.7 15.0 16.8 17.0 16.7
Education 3.9 3.6 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.1 4.4 5.6 5.6
Cultural and Entertainment 2.3 2.2 2.3 2.0 2.2 1.8 2.2 2.0
Non-Durable Household Goods 4.4 3.9 2.9 1.9 2.7 2.1 1.5 1.2
Consumer Durables 5.8 4.9 3.5 4.1 4.4 6.2 5.5 4.3 3.9
Other Non-Consumer Expenditure 5.1 25.2 10.0 8.6 26.8 26.2 28.5 26.6 29.8
Liquor and Tobacco 12.5 9.9 9.4 7.4 4.2 4.1 3.4 3.7 2.7
Total
100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Source : Household Income and Expenditure Survey Series,
131 Department of Census and Statistics
Table 13.3
Poverty Indicators by Sector, Province and District
Poverty Head Count Index (Percentage) Poor Household Poverty Gap

Sector / Province / by HIES Survey Period Percentage Index (%)
District
1990/91 1995/96 2002 2006/07 2009/10 2012/13 2006/07 2009/10 2012/13 2006/07 2009/10 2012/13
Sri Lanka 26.1 28.8 22.7 15.2 8.9 6.7 12.6 7.0 5.3 3.1 1.7 1.2

Sector
Urban 16.3 14.0 7.9 6.7 5.3 2.1 5.0 3.8 1.5 1.3 1.2 0.3
Rural 29.5 30.9 24.7 15.7 9.4 7.6 13.1 7.5 6.0 3.2 1.8 1.4
Estate 20.5 38.4 30.0 32.0 11.4 10.9 25.8 8.9 8.8 6.2 2.1 1.6

Province
Western 19.1 16.3 10.8 8.2 4.2 2.0 6.5 3.0 1.5 1.5 0.8 0.4
Central 30.7 36.2 25.1 22.3 9.7 6.6 18.2 8.2 5.1 4.6 1.8 1.0
Southern 30.2 32.6 27.8 13.8 9.8 7.7 11.0 7.5 6.3 2.6 1.8 1.4
Northern n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 12.8 10.9 n.a. 10.0 8.8 n.a. 2.1 2.3
Eastern n.a. n.a. n.a. 10.8 14.8 11.0 9.0 12.4 8.0 2.1 3.2 2.1
North Western 25.8 27.7 27.3 14.6 11.3 6.0 12.2 8.2 4.5 2.9 2.4 1.1
North Central 24.5 24.7 21.5 14.2 5.7 7.3 11.8 4.6 6.1 2.8 1.0 1.0
Uva 31.9 46.7 37.2 27.0 13.7 15.4 23.8 12.0 13.5 6.2 2.4 2.6
Sabaragamuwa 31.0 41.7 33.6 24.2 10.6 8.8 20.2 8.7 6.6 4.9 2.1 1.5

District
Colombo 16.2 12.0 6.4 5.4 3.6 1.4 3.9 2.5 1.1 1.0 0.7 0.3
Gampaha 14.7 14.1 10.7 8.7 3.9 2.1 7.2 3.0 1.5 1.4 0.7 0.4
Kalutara 32.3 29.5 20.0 13.0 6.0 3.1 10.3 4.1 2.5 2.7 1.3 0.5
Kandy 35.9 36.7 24.9 17.0 10.3 6.2 13.9 8.3 4.6 3.8 2.2 1.0
Matale 28.7 41.9 29.6 18.9 11.4 7.8 15.7 9.3 6.0 3.7 2.0 1.1
Nuwara Eliya 20.1 32.1 22.6 33.8 7.6 6.6 27.5 7.1 5.6 6.8 1.0 1.0
Galle 29.7 31.6 25.8 13.7 10.3 9.9 10.7 7.9 7.7 2.9 2.1 1.8
Matara 29.2 35.0 27.5 14.7 11.2 7.1 11.7 8.3 6.2 2.4 1.7 1.2
Hambantota 32.4 31.0 32.2 12.7 6.9 4.9 10.5 5.4 3.8 2.5 1.3 0.9
Jaffna n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 16.1 8.3 n.a. 12.4 6.6 n.a. 2.6 1.7
Mannar n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 20.1 n.a. n.a. 15.0 n.a. n.a. 4.6
Vavuniya n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 2.3 3.4 n.a. 2.0 2.4 n.a. 0.3 0.5
Mullaitivu n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 28.8 n.a. n.a. 24.7 n.a. n.a. 6.2
Kilinochchi n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 12.7 n.a. n.a. 10.7 n.a. n.a. 2.4
Batticaloa n.a. n.a. n.a. 10.7 20.3 19.4 9.5 17.0 14.3 1.5 5.1 4.5
Ampara n.a. n.a. n.a. 10.9 11.8 5.4 8.7 10.0 4.1 2.4 2.3 0.6
Trincomalee n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 11.7 9.0 n.a. 9.0 6.2 n.a. 1.8 1.4
Kurunegala 27.2 26.2 25.4 15.4 11.7 6.5 12.9 8.6 5.0 3.1 2.6 1.3
Puttalam 22.3 31.1 31.3 13.1 10.5 5.1 10.6 7.5 3.3 2.3 2.0 0.9
Anuradhapura 24.4 27.0 20.4 14.9 5.7 7.6 12.7 4.6 6.3 2.8 1.0 1.1
Polonnaruwa 24.9 20.1 23.7 12.7 5.8 6.7 10.0 4.5 5.6 2.8 1.0 0.9
Badulla 31.0 41.0 37.3 23.7 13.3 12.3 21.0 10.9 10.4 5.3 2.2 1.8
Moneragala 33.7 56.2 37.2 33.2 14.5 20.8 29.2 13.9 18.8 7.8 2.8 4.2
Ratnapura 30.8 46.4 34.4 26.6 10.4 10.4 21.5 8.5 7.5 5.3 2.4 1.8
Kegalle 31.2 36.3 32.5 21.1 10.8 6.7 18.4 9.0 5.4 4.3 1.7 1.1
n.a. Not available Source : Department of Census and Statistics
132
Table 13.4
Daily Average Dietary Energy Consumption per Person by Poverty Status, Sector, Province and District
2009/10 and 2012/13
Kilo calories
2009 / 10 (a) 2012 / 13

Sector / Province / District Poor Non-Poor All Poor Non-Poor All
Households Households Households Households Households Households
Sri Lanka 1,472 2,155 2,094 1,530 2,153 2,111

Sector
Urban 1,139 1,922 1,881 1,243 1,915 1,901
Rural 1,497 2,180 2,116 1,539 2,197 2,147
Estate 1,596 2,477 2,377 1,646 2,388 2,307

Province
Western 1,209 1,968 1,936 1,176 1,975 1,958
Central 1,531 2,274 2,202 1,523 2,246 2,198
Southern 1,469 2,173 2,104 1,443 2,214 2,155
Northern 1,511 2,306 2,204 1,545 2,219 2,146
Eastern 1,536 2,155 2,063 1,453 2,152 2,075
North Western 1,398 2,194 2,104 1,501 2,197 2,155
North Central 1,483 2,248 2,204 1,553 2,254 2,203
Uva 1,721 2,398 2,305 1,783 2,404 2,308
Sabaragamuwa 1,509 2,252 2,173 1,675 2,209 2,162

District
Colombo 1,054 1,888 1,858 1,077 1,875 1,863
Gampaha 1,271 1,990 1,961 1,240 2,034 2,018
Kalutara 1,316 2,090 2,043 1,178 2,050 2,023
Kandy 1,455 2,161 2,088 1,431 2,131 2,088
Matale 1,620 2,257 2,184 1,553 2,331 2,270
Nuwara Eliya 1,634 2,484 2,419 1,664 2,407 2,358
Galle 1,370 2,098 2,024 1,383 2,108 2,036
Matara 1,567 2,188 2,118 1,568 2,229 2,182
Hambantota 1,516 2,287 2,234 1,406 2,373 2,326
Jaffna 1,488 2,290 2,161 1,592 2,257 2,202
Mannar n.a. n.a. n.a. 1,281 1,961 1,825
Vavuniya 2,022 2,348 2,340 1,486 2,201 2,177
Mullaitivu n.a. n.a. n.a. 1,584 2,115 1,962
Kilinochchi n.a. n.a. n.a. 1,699 2,314 2,236
Batticaloa 1,408 2,012 1,890 1,386 2,091 1,954
Ampara 1,691 2,215 2,154 1,546 2,193 2,158
Trincomalee 1,605 2,250 2,174 1,558 2,155 2,101
Kurunegala 1,387 2,234 2,135 1,530 2,184 2,142
Puttalam 1,421 2,118 2,045 1,425 2,224 2,183
Anuradhapura 1,499 2,198 2,158 1,539 2,225 2,172
Polonnaruwa 1,454 2,347 2,295 1,587 2,315 2,266
Badulla 1,660 2,339 2,249 1,894 2,425 2,359
Moneragala 1,821 2,505 2,406 1,664 2,361 2,216
Ratnapura 1,527 2,314 2,232 1,761 2,289 2,234
Kegalle 1,485 2,168 2,094 1,500 2,109 2,069
(a) Excluding Mannar, Kilinochchi and Mullaitivu districts. Source : Household Income and Expenditure Survey 2009/10, 2012/13,
n.a. Not available Department of Census and Statistics
133
Table 13.5(A)
Housing Conditions and Ownership of Durable Goods by Sector
2006/07, 2009/10 and 2012/13 Per cent
2006/07 (a) 2009/10 (b) 2012/13
Item
Urban Rural Estate All Urban Rural Estate All Urban Rural Estate All
Island Island Island
Wall Type (c)
Permanent 92.5 88.6 84.0 88.9 94.1 91.5 89.1 91.7 96.0 92.8 95.0 93.5
Semi Permanent 7.5 11.4 16.0 11.1 5.9 8.5 10.9 8.3 4.0 7.2 5.0 6.5
Floor Type (d)
Permanent 97.5 85.9 77.2 87.0 97.1 87.6 83.1 88.7 98.4 91.6 84.9 92.4
Semi Permanent 2.5 14.1 22.8 13.0 2.9 12.4 16.9 11.3 1.6 8.4 15.1 7.6
Roof Type (e)
Permanent 89.1 85.7 22.7 82.9 91.1 88.9 23.0 86.0 95.5 91.5 32.3 89.6
Semi Permanent 10.9 14.3 77.3 17.1 8.9 11.1 77.0 14.0 4.5 8.5 67.7 10.4
Main Source of Drinking Water
Safe 97.7 85.0 46.2 84.8 97.4 87.6 60.3 87.7 98.8 90.0 46.3 89.7
Not Safe 2.3 15.0 53.8 15.2 2.6 12.4 39.7 12.3 1.2 10.0 53.7 10.3
Toilet Facilities
Exclusive for the Household 86.5 90.9 67.7 89.1 86.4 90.9 74.0 89.5 90.0 90.7 76.2 89.9
Sharing with another Household 9.7 6.0 20.5 7.3 7.1 6.2 13.1 6.6 7.3 7.8 21.1 8.4
Public Toilet Facilities n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 5.1 0.4 7.2 1.4 2.7 0.2 2.1 0.7
No Toilet Facilities 3.8 3.0 11.8 3.6 1.3 2.5 5.6 2.5 0.0 1.2 0.7 0.9
Lighting
Electricity 94.9 78.5 62.3 80.0 95.6 84.1 76.9 85.3 98.0 88.8 83.0 90.2
Kerosene 4.9 18.9 36.6 17.8 4.4 13.7 22.5 12.8 1.8 10.2 16.5 9.0
Solar Energy 0.0 2.5 1.1 2.1 0.0 2.2 0.7 1.8 0.2 0.9 0.3 0.7
Other 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.2
Cooking Fuel
Firewood 37.6 85.6 97.0 79.5 39.2 86.7 97.3 80.5 36.7 86.7 95.7 78.5
Gas 50.6 12.4 1.7 17.1 48.0 11.3 1.5 16.0 54.7 11.4 2.4 18.5
Kerosene 10.5 1.1 0.2 2.4 11.4 1.1 0.6 2.5 6.5 1.0 1.1 1.9
Other 1.3 0.9 1.1 1.0 1.3 0.9 0.6 0.9 2.2 1.0 0.6 1.1
Garbage Disposal
Collected by Garbage Truck 65.9 4.9 0.5 13.1 67.1 7.2 1.3 15.3 74.8 9.4 4.4 20.4
Buried / Burned 21.2 62.3 28.9 54.9 21.1 62.5 31.3 55.2 16.1 47.7 29.9 41.5
Process for Fertilizer 1.7 5.1 4.6 4.6 1.9 7.5 4.7 6.6 2.0 6.5 3.2 5.6
Dumped within premises 2.8 22.2 21.3 19.4 2.5 18.3 15.2 16.0 5.9 35.1 43.6 30.5
Thrown away Outside premises 6.4 4.9 40.0 6.9 6.4 4.0 46.2 6.3 0.4 0.5 7.5 0.8
Other 2.0 0.6 4.7 1.0 1.1 0.5 1.2 0.7 0.8 0.8 11.3 1.2
Telecommunication Facilities
Fixed Telephone Lines 19.0 16.5 7.6 16.4 10.6 17.7 25.1 17.0 4.5 6.3 15.4 6.4
Mobile only 18.5 15.2 7.6 15.3 32.5 29.7 22.2 29.8 46.0 52.7 37.4 50.9
Fixed and Mobile Connections 29.5 13.1 2.1 14.8 41.7 29.3 13.8 30.3 42.6 28.0 22.6 30.3
No Telephone Facilities 33.0 55.1 82.7 53.5 15.2 23.3 38.9 22.9 6.8 13.0 24.7 12.5
Household Equipments
Radio / Cassette Players 83.8 81.7 69.3 81.3 76.5 75.6 69.4 75.4 73.7 71.2 65.7 71.4
Television 86.5 76.7 61.8 77.3 86.9 79.3 70.5 80.0 90.4 81.6 73.3 82.7
VCD / DVD Players 43.5 25.4 23.1 27.8 48.7 33.5 39.8 35.9 53.4 40.7 46.4 43.1
Personal Computers 16.6 5.7 1.4 7.0 23.6 11.2 2.2 12.5 34.5 15.9 3.8 18.5
Not using any of these 6.0 9.2 20.4 9.4 7.4 10.1 17.4 10.1 4.9 9.5 16.7 9.0
Domestic Electrical Items
Sewing Machines 52.5 43.7 14.1 43.4 50.7 42.7 20.2 42.7 52.0 41.1 17.5 41.9
Washing Machines 27.0 8.7 1.4 10.8 28.0 11.3 1.7 13.1 37.4 13.5 2.3 17.2
Refrigerators 58.3 32.9 5.8 35.1 60.2 37.9 7.9 39.6 67.7 43.2 14.3 46.2
Cookers (Gas / Electric / Kerosene) 73.7 31.6 10.7 36.4 73.1 33.6 11.6 38.1 75.2 37.1 21.1 42.9
Electric Fans 78.2 42.5 6.6 45.6 78.1 48.4 11.5 50.8 84.0 52.5 19.3 56.5
Not using any of these 11.0 37.8 76.5 36.1 11.5 34.7 68.6 33.1 7.7 30.6 57.9 27.8
Vehicle Ownership
Bicycle 34.7 44.4 6.2 41.0 35.6 42.5 6.7 39.8 31.1 39.0 4.9 36.2
Motor Cycles / Scooters 16.2 22.0 2.9 20.0 21.2 27.9 4.1 25.8 27.6 32.2 6.5 30.3
Three Wheelers 5.5 4.6 1.1 5.0 6.1 6.9 2.3 6.5 9.9 11.1 4.4 10.6
Motor Cars / Vans 11.5 5.1 1.1 6.0 10.4 5.1 1.1 5.6 15.4 5.5 1.0 7.0
Buses / Lorries 1.5 1.7 0.5 2.0 1.4 1.9 0.4 1.8 1.9 2.3 0.4 2.2
No Vehicle 46.6 41.0 90.1 44.0 43.0 38.8 87.3 41.8 38.2 37.0 85.4 39.2
(a) Excluding Northern province and (d) Permanent Cement, Teraso/Tile, Concrete Source : Household Income and Expenditure Survey
Tricomalee district in Eastern province. Semi Permanent Mud, Wood, Sand, Other 2006/07, 2009/10 and 2012/13,
(b) Excluding Mannar, Kilinochchi and Mullaitivu districts. (e) Permanent Tile, Asbestos, Concrete Department of Census and Statistics
(c) Permanent Brick, Cabok, Cement Block, Pressed Soil Block Semi Permanent Takaran, Cadjan/ Palmyrah, Other
Semi Permanent Plank/Metal Sheet, Cadjan/Palmyrah, Other n.a. Not available
134
Table 13.5(B)
Housing Conditions and Ownership of Durable Goods by Province: 2009/10
Per cent
Northern North North Sabara- All

Western Central Southern Eastern Uva
(a) Western Central gamuwa Island
Wall Type (b)

Permanent 94.2 91.1 92.8 89.1 90.4 89.0 92.1 93.4 88.0 91.7
Semi Permanent 5.8 8.9 7.2 10.9 9.6 11.0 7.9 6.6 12.0 8.3
Floor Type (c)
Permanent 96.1 85.1 89.0 84.1 91.9 87.7 77.9 76.1 87.5 88.7
Semi Permanent 3.9 14.9 11.0 15.9 8.1 12.3 22.1 23.9 12.5 11.3
Roof Type (d)
Permanent 93.2 68.1 94.5 83.3 87.8 85.4 88.4 76.8 83.4 86.0
Semi Permanent 6.8 31.9 5.5 16.7 12.2 14.6 11.6 23.2 16.6 14.0
Safe 95.7 81.2 86.2 96.2 96.0 91.4 91.7 69.9 70.4 87.7
Not Safe 4.3 18.8 13.8 3.8 4.0 8.6 8.3 30.1 29.6 12.3
Toilet Facilities
Exclusive for the Household 89.9 89.1 92.4 76.3 85.7 87.6 91.6 90.0 92.3 89.5
Sharing with another Household 7.1 6.2 5.7 4.1 5.1 8.1 6.6 7.6 6.4 6.6
Public Toilet Facilities 2.6 2.2 0.2 1.4 0.2 0.9 0.5 1.2 0.4 1.4
No Toilet Facilities 0.4 2.5 1.5 18.1 8.9 3.3 1.2 1.2 0.9 2.5
Lighting
Electricity 95.0 87.3 91.1 69.6 76.3 77.0 77.2 78.9 79.1 85.3
Kerosene 4.8 11.8 8.4 30.3 21.6 18.2 18.6 17.1 17.5 12.8
Solar Energy 0.2 0.9 0.4 0.1 2.1 4.8 4.1 4.0 3.2 1.8
Cooking Fuel
Firewood 57.5 86.3 87.6 90.4 81.2 93.4 93.8 95.9 92.7 80.5
Gas 35.1 12.1 10.7 3.4 13.7 5.1 5.4 3.6 6.7 16.0
Kerosene 6.1 1.1 0.3 5.6 3.4 0.7 0.3 0.1 0.0 2.5
Other 1.2 0.5 1.4 0.7 1.8 0.8 0.5 0.5 0.7 0.9
Garbage Disposal
Collected by Garbage Truck 32.4 9.0 9.5 10.8 23.6 5.1 4.2 3.5 4.6 15.3
Buried / Burned 51.1 50.3 49.9 62.6 66.9 64.1 80.4 36.7 54.1 55.2
Process for Fertilizer 4.2 8.6 7.0 6.7 2.2 9.5 5.1 10.3 8.1 6.6
Dumped within premises 6.7 16.1 30.9 15.8 3.8 16.4 8.1 33.4 25.6 16.0
Thrown away outside premises 4.9 15.1 2.4 3.4 3.3 4.4 1.4 14.9 6.6 6.3
Other 0.8 0.9 0.2 0.6 0.1 0.4 0.7 1.1 0.9 0.7
Fixed Telephone Lines 12.6 20.2 18.6 7.0 9.7 16.9 24.0 29.6 19.3 17.0
Mobile only 30.7 27.8 32.1 39.0 36.5 32.7 23.3 20.0 26.0 29.8
Fixed and Mobile Connections 42.7 28.2 25.9 19.2 17.3 25.5 30.9 22.1 26.7 30.3
No Telephone Facilities 14.0 23.8 23.4 34.9 36.5 25.0 21.7 28.3 27.9 22.9
Radio / Cassette Players 77.7 78.2 74.8 61.6 63.7 73.6 76.3 79.6 77.7 75.4
Television 88.4 81.7 79.8 54.3 63.2 78.5 79.2 78.0 77.5 80.0
VCD / DVD Players 45.6 37.0 33.6 25.6 26.2 29.7 27.2 35.0 33.6 35.9
Personal Computers 21.2 11.7 10.2 6.5 5.9 9.8 8.5 5.8 8.4 12.5
Not using any of these 6.3 9.5 8.1 24.8 22.1 10.8 10.3 10.1 9.9 10.1
Sewing Machines 53.1 43.0 47.9 14.3 24.9 39.9 38.2 33.9 40.1 42.7
Washing Machines 24.8 12.3 9.4 1.1 7.2 10.7 5.7 4.7 6.6 13.1
Refrigerators 60.0 34.1 38.0 16.2 22.2 36.0 32.5 21.8 30.4 39.6
Cookers (Gas / Electric / Kerosene) 64.1 34.7 31.9 18.9 33.1 25.5 22.4 16.9 24.5 38.1
Electric Fans 74.8 29.1 50.2 30.4 60.0 44.3 47.3 22.8 39.6 50.8
Vehicle Ownership
Bicycle 31.4 12.0 45.9 84.8 73.1 59.1 76.7 24.6 17.4 39.8
Motor Cycles / Scooters 27.3 10.8 27.2 28.5 28.4 39.3 45.5 14.0 15.5 25.8
Three Wheelers 7.6 5.3 7.8 1.3 2.8 6.3 8.2 5.0 8.2 6.5
Motor Cars / Vans 10.3 5.0 3.4 0.9 0.9 5.5 3.5 2.8 3.7 5.6
Buses / Lorries 1.9 1.8 1.4 0.2 0.6 3.3 1.8 1.1 1.8 1.8
No Vehicle 41.1 71.8 37.0 12.2 18.6 24.0 11.5 61.5 64.7 41.8
(a) Excluding Mannar, Kilinochchi and Mullaitivu districts. Source : Household Income and Expenditure Survey 2009/10,
(b) Permanent Brick, Cabok, Cement Block, Pressed Soil Block Department of Census and Statistics
Semi Permanent Plank/Metal Sheet, Cadjan/Palmyrah, Other
(c) Permanent Cement, Teraso/Tile, Concrete
Semi Permanent Mud, Wood, Sand, Other
(d) Permanent Tile, Asbestos, Concrete
Semi Permanent Takaran, Cadjan/ Palmyrah, Other
135
Table 13.5(B) (Contd.)

Housing Conditions and Ownership of Durable Goods by Province : 2012/13
Per cent

Western Central Southern Northern Eastern Uva
Wall Type (a)

Permanent 95.2 95.3 93.7 82.1 91.2 94.0 94.6 91.8 93.3 93.5
Semi Permanent 4.8 4.7 6.3 17.9 8.8 6.0 5.4 8.2 6.7 6.5
Floor Type (b)
Permanent 98.3 89.0 93.9 88.4 92.5 93.5 86.2 78.8 91.7 92.4
Semi Permanent 1.7 11.0 6.1 11.6 7.5 6.5 13.8 21.2 8.3 7.6
Roof Type (c)
Permanent 96.1 75.7 95.7 80.4 90.0 90.8 92.4 81.5 87.5 89.6
Semi Permanent 3.9 24.3 4.3 19.6 10.0 9.2 7.6 18.5 12.5 10.4
Safe 97.1 77.6 88.2 95.1 97.2 92.9 93.4 74.8 80.3 89.7
Not Safe 2.9 22.4 11.8 4.9 2.8 7.1 6.6 25.2 19.7 10.3
Toilet Facilities
Exclusive for the Household 91.0 89.3 93.1 83.9 82.5 91.4 90.4 89.3 91.2 89.9
Sharing with another Household 7.4 10.0 6.7 9.8 11.5 7.4 8.2 9.7 8.8 8.4
Public Toilet Facilities 1.6 0.6 0.1 0.3 1.1 0.1 0.3 0.6 0.0 0.7
No Toilet Facilities 0.1 0.1 0.1 5.9 4.9 1.1 1.1 0.5 0.0 0.9
Lighting
Electricity 97.6 92.5 94.4 66.0 79.9 89.1 87.4 83.7 88.2 90.2
Kerosene 2.2 7.1 5.2 31.9 19.6 9.4 11.1 14.1 11.1 9.0
Solar Energy 0.2 0.4 0.3 2.0 0.5 1.5 1.0 2.0 0.8 0.7
Other 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.0 1.0 0.2 0.0 0.2
Cooking Fuel
Firewood 53.0 84.3 85.3 87.3 77.5 92.5 94.8 95.2 91.6 78.5
Gas 41.0 13.8 13.0 8.9 16.3 6.2 4.6 4.2 7.7 18.5
Kerosene 4.4 1.0 0.3 3.3 4.2 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.2 1.9
Other 1.6 0.7 1.4 0.5 1.9 1.2 0.6 0.5 0.5 1.1
Garbage Disposal
Collected by Garbage Truck 40.2 12.2 11.6 12.4 43.0 6.7 4.9 6.9 8.8 20.4
Buried / Burned 35.6 35.5 38.1 54.2 35.0 55.5 74.3 37.6 32.4 41.5
Process for Fertilizer 4.2 6.8 8.0 9.3 0.7 5.8 3.1 8.4 6.1 5.6
Dumped within Premises 18.7 37.9 41.1 23.1 20.3 31.4 17.6 44.5 50.8 30.5
Thrown away Outside Premises 0.5 2.3 0.6 0.8 1.1 0.3 0.0 0.7 0.7 0.8
Other 0.8 5.3 0.5 0.1 0.0 0.3 0.1 1.7 1.3 1.2
Fixed Telephone Lines 4.4 8.6 6.7 2.5 3.4 6.2 8.9 12.9 7.5 6.4
Mobile only 47.4 45.9 53.8 68.6 61.2 56.6 52.7 38.9 45.7 50.9
Fixed and Mobile Connections 41.3 34.4 27.5 16.9 11.1 25.3 23.6 30.5 29.2 30.3
No Telephone Facilities 6.9 11.1 12.0 12.0 24.3 11.9 14.8 17.8 17.6 12.5
Radio / Cassette Players 74.8 74.7 74.7 50.4 51.5 73.0 70.4 74.4 75.6 71.4
Television 91.6 85.2 85.0 54.8 66.1 83.4 80.9 77.6 82.0 82.7
VCD / DVD Players 52.3 47.3 39.8 30.2 31.3 40.0 35.6 37.8 43.9 43.1
Personal Computers 31.3 19.0 14.2 14.8 9.2 15.4 10.1 8.0 12.3 18.5
Sewing Machines 53.7 42.9 45.1 18.4 25.7 43.0 36.1 30.0 38.0 41.9
Washing Machines 32.3 15.3 11.7 4.5 10.5 15.7 7.4 6.2 10.1 17.2
Refrigerators 67.2 40.3 45.6 20.8 29.3 47.5 38.9 23.8 38.1 46.2
Cookers (Gas / Electric / Kerosene) 69.0 43.1 37.3 22.2 33.5 36.1 26.9 17.8 29.0 42.9
Electric Fans 79.4 33.8 58.1 39.8 61.4 55.5 56.4 27.3 43.3 56.5
Vehicle Ownership
Bicycle 27.7 11.4 41.1 81.6 60.4 52.7 66.7 19.1 14.4 36.2
Motor Cycles / Scooters 31.8 12.5 32.4 34.4 29.8 48.3 49.7 15.6 18.3 30.3
Three Wheelers 12.6 10.1 12.0 5.1 5.3 11.5 11.7 7.8 10.6 10.6
Motor Cars / Vans 13.8 4.9 5.1 1.8 1.6 6.6 3.8 3.0 4.9 7.0
Buses / Lorries 2.2 2.1 2.1 0.3 1.0 4.1 2.7 1.7 1.6 2.2
No Vehicle 36.3 67.5 34.8 13.1 28.0 21.6 13.5 63.6 62.2 39.2
(a) Permanent Brick, Cabok, Cement Block, Pressed Soil Block Source : Household Income and Expenditure Survey 2012/13,
Semi Permanent Plank/Metal Sheet, Cadjan/Palmyrah, Other Department of Census and Statistics
(b) Permanent Cement, Teraso/Tile, Concrete
Semi Permanent Mud, Wood, Sand, Other
(c) Permanent Tile, Asbestos, Concrete
Semi Permanent Takaran, Cadjan/ Palmyrah, Other
136
Table 13.6(A)
Key Socio-Economic Indicators by Sector 2006/07, 2009/10 and 2012/13
2006/07 (a) 2009/10 (b) 2012/13

Item
Urban Rural Estate All Urban Rural Estate All Urban Rural Estate All
Island Island Island
Household Characteristics
Number of Individuals per Household 4.3 4.0 4.2 4.1 4.3 4.0 4.2 4.0 4.0 3.8 4.3 3.9
Number of Income Receivers per
Household 1.9 1.8 2.0 1.8 1.9 1.7 2.1 1.8 1.8 1.7 2.1 1.8

Population Distribution
By Gender, %
Male 47.6 48.0 47.9 47.9 47.7 47.4 47.6 47.4 47.4 47.0 48.0 47.1
Female 52.4 52.0 52.1 52.1 52.3 52.6 52.4 52.6 52.6 53.0 52.0 52.9
By Age Group, %
0 14 Years 24.6 25.5 29.2 25.6 25.3 25.9 29.7 26.0 24.2 26.0 31.1 25.9
15 59 Years 64.4 63.1 61.0 63.2 61.9 61.8 59.9 61.8 61.5 60.6 57.0 60.6
Over 59 Years 11.0 11.4 9.8 11.3 12.8 12.3 10.5 12.3 14.3 13.5 11.9 13.6
By Educational Attainment, %
No Schooling 3.2 4.6 15.8 4.9 2.5 4.0 13.1 4.2 2.2 3.5 12.2 3.7
Up to Grade 5 21.2 25.9 43.5 26.1 21.6 24.6 43.0 25.1 19.2 25.0 42.0 24.7
Grade 6 10 40.2 44.2 35.6 43.1 42.1 45.5 37.7 44.6 39.8 44.8 38.7 43.6
Passed G.C.E. (O/L) 20.2 15.0 3.4 15.1 17.5 14.9 3.8 14.7 18.2 15.5 4.9 15.5
Passed G.C.E. (A/L) and Above 15.2 10.4 1.7 10.6 16.2 10.8 2.3 11.2 20.5 11.1 2.2 12.4

Income
Mean Income, Rs. per Month
Per Household 41,928 24,039 19,292 26,286 47,783 35,228 24,162 36,451 69,880 41,478 30,220 45,878
Per Person 9,653 5,993 4,589 6,463 11,245 8,916 5,782 9,104 17,262 10,843 7,100 11,819
Median Income, Rs. per Month
Per Household 23,642 16,379 10,480 16,735 31,000 23,126 17,366 23,746 42,267 29,376 24,087 30,814
Per Person 5,240 4,007 2,400 4,043 6,925 5,758 4,161 5,803 10,420 7,657 5,503 7,881
Income Shares by Deciles of
Households, %
1st Decile 1.5 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.7 1.6 2.1 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.9 1.5
2nd Decile 2.7 3.1 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 3.8 2.9 2.8 3.2 3.7 3.0
3rd Decile 3.5 4.2 3.7 3.9 4.0 4.0 4.8 3.9 3.7 4.4 5.1 4.1
4th Decile 4.2 5.1 4.4 4.8 5.0 4.9 5.7 4.9 4.6 5.4 6.4 5.1
5th Decile 5.1 6.2 5.1 5.8 6.0 6.0 6.7 6.0 5.6 6.5 7.4 6.2
6th Decile 6.3 7.5 5.8 7.0 7.2 7.2 7.8 7.1 6.7 7.7 8.7 7.3
7th Decile 7.4 9.1 6.8 8.5 8.8 8.7 9.1 8.7 8.3 9.2 9.9 8.9
8th Decile 9.7 11.3 7.9 10.8 11.1 10.9 10.6 10.8 10.3 11.4 11.8 10.9
9th Decile 13.2 15.2 9.7 14.6 15.1 14.5 13.4 14.6 14.5 15.1 14.8 14.9
10th Decile 46.2 36.5 52.0 40.1 38.2 39.3 36.0 39.5 42.0 35.6 30.3 38.0
Income Share by Households, %
Richest 20% 59.5 51.8 61.7 54.7 53.3 53.8 49.4 54.1 56.5 50.7 45.1 52.9
Poorest 20% 4.2 4.8 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.5 5.9 4.5 4.4 4.7 5.7 4.5
Middle 60% 36.3 43.3 33.8 40.7 42.1 41.7 44.7 41.4 39.2 44.6 49.3 42.6
Gini Coefficient, One Month Income
Gini Coefficient (Households) 0.54 0.46 0.57 0.49 0.48 0.49 0.43 0.49 0.51 0.45 0.39 0.48
Gini Coefficient (Per Person) 0.55 0.46 0.57 0.49 0.49 0.48 0.42 0.49 0.51 0.44 0.37 0.46
Gini Coefficient (Income Receivers) 0.60 0.52 0.46 0.55 0.54 0.54 0.50 0.55 0.56 0.51 0.44 0.53
Expenditure, Rs. per Month
Per Household 35,274 21,440 13,456 22,952 44,928 29,423 23,988 31,331 58,930 38,274 29,379 41,444
Household Expenditure Share, %
Food 31.2 38.7 55.8 37.6 35.6 43.7 50.8 42.3 32.1 39.2 49.8 37.8
Housing 16.8 10.2 6.3 11.5 16.9 9.8 4.3 11.0 17.5 9.4 5.0 11.3
Fuel and Light 5.1 4.4 5.1 4.5 5.0 3.8 4.0 4.1 5.5 3.8 4.1 4.2
Personal Care and Health Expenses 3.9 4.4 4.5 4.3 5.4 4.4 3.7 4.6 5.3 5.3 3.5 5.3
Transport 8.7 8.1 3.7 8.1 6.7 7.7 4.6 7.4 8.9 8.1 5.6 8.3
Communication 3.0 2.2 1.3 2.3 2.8 2.3 1.7 2.4 2.7 2.0 1.7 2.2
Education 3.0 2.7 1.9 2.8 4.0 3.1 1.6 3.2 4.7 3.2 1.8 3.5
Cultural Activities and Entertainments 1.4 1.1 0.6 1.1 1.1 1.3 2.1 1.3 1.4 1.2 1.0 1.2
Non-Durable Household Goods
and Services 1.4 1.3 1.1 1.3 1.4 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.6 1.1 1.1 1.2
Clothing Textile and Footwear 2.6 3.1 3.9 3.0 2.3 3.0 3.7 2.9 2.4 3.0 3.0 2.9
Durable Household Goods 2.9 3.7 1.7 3.4 2.0 2.6 2.1 2.5 1.5 2.8 2.3 2.5
Other Miscellaneous Expenses 10.8 9.9 5.9 10.0 10.8 9.3 8.4 9.5 9.2 11.5 10.1 10.9
Other Rare Expenses 7.7 8.1 2.4 7.8 4.2 5.7 6.7 5.5 6.4 7.5 5.7 7.2
Liquor, Narcotic Drugs and Tobacco 1.4 2.2 5.9 2.1 1.5 2.1 5.1 2.1 1.0 1.8 5.4 1.7
(a) Excluding Northern province and Source : Household Income and Expenditure Survey
Tricomalee district in Eastern province. 2006/07, 2009/10 and 2012/13,
(b) Excluding Mannar, Kilinochchi and Mullaitivu districts. Department of Census and Statistics
137
Table 13.6(B)
Key Socio-Economic Indicators by Province : 2009/10
Northern North North Sabara- All

Western Central Southern Eastern Uva
(a) Western Central gamuwa Island
Number of Individuals per Household 4.1 4.0 4.1 4.3 4.2 3.8 3.8 3.9 4.0 4.0
Number of Income Receivers per Household 1.9 1.8 1.8 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.8

By Gender, %
Male 47.2 46.3 47.3 47.3 48.6 48.0 48.0 47.4 48.1 47.4
Female 52.8 53.7 52.7 52.7 51.4 52.0 52.0 52.6 51.9 52.6
By Age Group, %
0 14 Years 23.3 27.3 25.6 27.9 32.5 26.0 27.7 27.7 24.9 26.0
15 59 Years 62.4 60.3 60.1 61.1 60.6 62.6 63.8 62.4 62.3 61.8
Over 59 Years 14.3 12.5 14.2 11.0 6.9 11.3 8.4 9.9 12.8 12.3
No Schooling 2.6 6.2 4.9 1.4 4.3 4.1 2.9 7.9 5.1 4.2
Up to Grade 5 18.9 28.1 25.6 28.9 35.1 26.8 25.4 28.3 26.1 25.1
Grade 6 10 43.4 42.8 42.1 52.0 41.2 46.3 51.4 44.7 47.5 44.6
Passed G.C.E. (O/L) 19.4 12.2 15.6 10.5 11.9 13.3 12.5 12.0 11.3 14.7
Passed G.C.E. (A/L) and Above 15.4 10.6 11.6 7.0 7.4 9.4 7.5 7.0 9.9 11.2
Income

Per Household 47,118 31,895 32,514 23,712 23,922 35,586 35,577 28,717 36,173 36,451
Per Person 11,561 8,040 8,035 5,515 5,663 9,352 9,280 7,343 9,132 9,104
Per Income Receiver 24,149 17,865 18,035 14,936 15,739 21,566 21,803 17,112 19,418 20,427
Per Household 30,600 21,410 23,253 16,710 18,030 20,961 24,993 19,761 21,676 23,746
Per Person 7,250 5,251 5,637 3,857 4,202 5,295 6,340 4,961 5,445 5,803
Per Income Receiver 15,000 10,743 12,236 11,500 12,390 12,000 14,837 10,900 10,893 12,500
Richest 20% 53.3 53.4 48.5 49.2 47.5 58.7 50.2 51.9 57.9 54.1
Poorest 20% 5.0 4.4 5.7 4.9 4.8 4.0 5.5 4.7 4.1 4.5
Middle 60% 41.7 42.2 45.8 45.8 47.7 37.3 44.3 43.3 38.0 41.4
Gini Coefficient (Households) 0.47 0.48 0.42 0.42 0.54 0.44 0.47 0.53 0.49
Gini Coefficient (per Person) 0.48 0.48 0.42 0.41 0.41 0.54 0.44 0.46 0.51 0.49
Gini Coefficient (Income Receivers) 0.55 0.55 0.50 0.47 0.45 0.58 0.51 0.53 0.59 0.55
Per Household 42,399 28,308 28,809 25,656 25,265 25,927 29,480 23,547 25,583 31,331
All Food 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Cereal 15.9 23.9 19.5 23.0 19.7 20.7 23.2 26.3 23.9 20.1
Prepared Foods 14.6 8.0 10.6 6.6 9.1 9.3 7.9 7.7 8.1 10.6
Pulses 3.9 5.0 4.6 3.5 2.1 3.7 4.3 4.9 5.2 4.1
Vegetables 6.9 7.9 7.3 6.6 7.4 8.1 8.5 9.5 8.2 7.6
Meat 4.2 3.9 1.6 6.3 7.0 4.3 3.8 2.6 2.4 3.9
Fish 9.8 4.8 9.7 12.0 13.5 9.3 9.0 5.1 5.1 8.8
Dried Fish 3.9 3.7 3.8 0.4 2.0 4.9 3.9 3.1 4.7 3.7
Coconut 5.0 5.1 6.3 6.7 4.9 6.0 6.0 5.1 7.0 5.6
Condiments 8.6 9.1 10.1 8.7 10.3 9.5 9.0 8.1 9.2 9.1
Milk & Milk Products 9.6 8.2 8.3 5.8 5.1 6.0 6.4 7.7 6.9 7.8
Fat and Oil 1.9 3.2 1.9 3.5 2.8 2.1 2.8 3.8 2.4 2.4
Sugar, Juggery & Treacle 3.1 3.5 3.7 4.5 4.2 3.8 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5
Fruits 3.2 2.8 3.0 3.0 2.5 2.8 2.6 2.7 2.5 2.9
Other 9.5 11.0 9.7 9.4 9.4 9.6 8.9 10.0 10.8 9.8
All Non-Food 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Housing 22.5 18.9 16.8 10.1 17.0 16.4 12.7 16.6 16.4 19.1
Fuel and Light 7.0 7.2 6.4 12.0 11.3 6.9 5.9 6.6 6.4 7.1
Personal Care and Health Expenses 8.7 6.1 7.5 9.9 8.9 8.1 6.7 6.7 7.3 7.9
Transport 12.1 13.5 12.3 9.7 11.0 13.2 15.0 12.5 16.6 12.8
Communication 4.3 4.5 3.9 4.9 4.4 4.5 3.4 3.5 4.0 4.2
Education 6.2 5.1 6.0 6.1 5.6 4.7 4.4 4.9 4.9 5.6
Cultural Activities and Entertainment 2.4 2.6 1.8 1.3 1.5 2.8 2.0 1.6 1.8 2.2
& Services 1.9 2.1 1.7 3.4 2.8 2.1 2.2 2.2 1.8 2.0
Clothing, Textile and Footwear 3.3 6.1 5.2 8.6 8.5 5.7 6.3 6.6 6.8 5.0
Durable Household Goods 3.4 3.5 4.7 4.7 3.6 7.2 8.0 4.1 4.3 4.3
Other Miscellaneous Expenses 16.8 15.0 19.1 12.8 13.7 15.6 17.8 16.9 16.4 16.6
Other Rare Expenses 8.8 10.8 10.8 8.7 8.0 8.9 11.6 12.1 8.5 9.5
Liquor, Narcotic Drugs and Tobacco 2.7 4.5 3.8 7.9 3.6 4.0 4.0 5.9 4.6 3.7
(a) Excluding Mannar, Kilinochchi and Mullaitivu districts. Source : Household Income and Expenditure Survey 2009/10,
138
Table 13.6(B) (Contd.)

Key Socio-Economic Indicators by Province: 2012/13

Western Central Southern Northern Eastern Uva
Number of Individuals per Household 4.0 4.0 3.8 4.1 4.0 3.7 3.7 3.8 3.8 3.9
Number of Income Receivers per Household 1.9 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.8 1.8
By Gender, %
Male 47.5 46.6 47.0 47.0 46.4 47.0 47.1 47.1 47.4 47.1
Female 52.5 53.4 53.0 53.0 53.6 53.0 52.9 52.9 52.6 52.9
By Age Group, %
0 14 Years 23.8 26.7 25.7 26.9 31.2 25.8 27.2 28.2 24.1 25.9
15 59 Years 61.4 59.6 59.1 60.6 60.0 61.3 61.5 59.8 60.7 60.6
Over 59 Years 14.7 13.8 15.2 12.5 8.9 12.9 11.2 11.9 15.2 13.6
No Schooling 2.2 5.2 4.0 2.1 4.4 3.5 3.6 6.3 4.5 3.7
Up to Grade 5 18.3 27.0 25.4 27.1 33.8 25.1 28.3 29.7 25.7 24.7
Grade 6 10 41.5 42.7 43.1 47.7 40.7 46.3 47.3 45.5 45.0 43.6
Passed G.C.E. (O/L) 19.5 13.6 15.6 13.9 13.1 14.3 13.4 10.8 14.6 15.5
Passed G.C.E. (A/L) and Above 18.4 11.5 11.8 9.3 8.0 10.7 7.4 7.7 10.1 12.4
Income

Per Household
64,152 40,146 41,834 34,286 30,676 42,756 36,632 35,638 40,375 45,878
Per Person
16,124 10,104 10,973 8,339 7,622 11,596 9,877 9,382 10,718 11,819
Per Income Receiver
33,564 22,292 23,606 18,916 19,836 25,854 21,848 21,909 23,134 25,963
Per Household
42,100 28,900 28,921 23,571 22,710 29,343 29,707 24,228 27,775 30,814
Per Person
10,567 7,150 7,624 5,540 5,385 7,927 7,824 6,110 7,229 7,881
Per Income Receiver
20,500 15,083 16,000 12,692 15,000 16,612 15,930 13,867 15,000 16,667
Richest 20% 53.1 49.6 50.9 53.0 49.8 52.0 44.5 53.8 51.9 52.9
Poorest 20% 5.0 5.0 5.2 3.8 4.2 4.4 5.5 4.1 5.1 4.5
Middle 60% 41.9 45.4 43.9 43.2 46.0 43.6 50.1 42.1 43.0 42.6
Gini Coefficient (Households) 0.47 0.44 0.45 0.48 0.45 0.47 0.39 0.48 0.46 0.48
Gini Coefficient (per Person) 0.46 0.43 0.44 0.47 0.44 0.47 0.38 0.47 0.44 0.46
Gini Coefficient (Income Receivers) 0.54 0.50 0.51 0.57 0.50 0.53 0.47 0.54 0.52 0.53
Per Household
58,298 38,989 36,430 34,562 30,886 37,665 33,935 28,867 32,376 41,444
All Food 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Cereal 13.2 20.3 15.9 20.5 15.8 16.4 19.8 22.5 19.0 16.7
Prepared Foods 16.2 8.2 9.2 8.8 9.6 10.2 6.2 7.5 10.1 11.3
Pulses 3.2 4.3 3.8 3.3 1.9 3.2 3.9 4.6 4.2 3.5
Vegetables 7.4 8.6 8.5 6.2 7.4 8.5 9.6 10.7 8.8 8.2
Meat 4.6 4.4 2.0 4.9 7.3 4.9 4.0 2.9 3.0 4.3
Fish 10.2 4.9 10.5 13.1 13.3 9.4 8.8 5.4 5.3 9.1
Dried Fish 4.5 4.1 4.5 0.5 2.1 5.5 4.6 3.7 5.2 4.2
Coconut 5.5 5.9 7.1 6.4 5.8 6.4 7.3 5.1 7.7 6.2
Condiments 8.1 9.0 10.5 8.7 11.2 9.1 9.7 8.3 9.1 9.0
Milk & Milk Products 10.0 9.7 9.5 7.8 6.9 7.5 7.1 8.4 8.4 8.9
Fat and Oil 1.7 3.2 2.0 3.3 3.0 2.3 3.2 3.6 2.7 2.4
Sugar, Juggery & Treacle 2.5 3.2 3.3 4.0 3.5 3.1 3.6 2.9 3.1 3.0
Fruits 3.2 2.8 3.3 2.7 2.7 3.0 2.5 2.9 2.5 2.9
Other 9.7 11.5 9.7 9.9 9.3 10.6 9.7 11.4 10.8 10.2
All Non-Food 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Housing 20.8 18.0 17.3 9.3 15.0 14.6 14.0 16.8 17.9 18.1
Fuel and Light 6.8 6.2 5.7 10.6 12.3 5.7 6.1 6.3 6.6 6.8
Personal Care and Health Expenses 8.7 7.4 7.8 9.5 12.0 8.2 8.2 5.5 9.0 8.5
Transport 13.0 13.1 11.7 11.0 11.6 15.5 14.7 14.6 14.4 13.3
Communication 3.5 3.4 3.1 4.1 3.8 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.4 3.5
Education 6.4 5.3 5.4 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.2 4.5 5.4 5.6
Cultural Activities and Entertainment 2.2 2.3 2.2 1.8 1.2 1.3 2.2 1.6 1.6 2.0
& Services 2.0 1.8 1.7 2.5 2.3 2.0 2.1 2.4 1.7 2.0
Clothing, Textile and Footwear 3.4 5.4 4.9 6.2 8.4 5.0 5.9 6.0 5.3 4.6
Durable Household Goods 3.1 3.9 4.6 4.5 4.5 4.5 5.6 6.0 4.6 3.9
Other Miscellaneous Expenses 17.3 17.0 18.2 15.8 11.7 19.5 21.5 14.2 18.4 17.5
Other Rare Expenses 11.0 12.7 14.0 17.0 8.9 12.3 9.1 12.6 7.6 11.5
Liquor, Narcotic Drugs and Tobacco 1.7 3.5 3.3 2.7 3.4 3.2 3.0 6.0 4.0 2.7
Source : Household Income and Expenditure Survey Series 2012/13,

139
Table 13.7
General Education 2006 2015
Item 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(a)
Total No. of Schools 10,459 10,430 10,445 10,205 10,502 10,548 10,737 10,849 10,971 10,997
Government Schools 9,714 9,678 9,662 9,410 9,685 9,731 9,905 10,012 10,121 10,144
Other Schools 745 752 783 795 817 817 832 837 850 853
Pirivena Schools 654 658 691 697 719 720 734 734 747 749
Private and Special Schools 91 94 92 98 98 97 98 103 103 104

Classification of Govt. Schools 9,714
(b) 9,678 9,662 9,410 9,685 9,731 9,905 10,012 10,121 10,144
1A & B Schools 662 675 698 702 716 716 748 868 974 1,004
1C Schools 1,851 1,877 1,937 1,944 2,005 2,027 2,038 1,910 1,814 1,801
Type 2 Schools 4,230 4,198 4,166 4,043 4,094 4,131 3,910 3,730 3,584 3,462
Type 3 Schools 2,971 2,928 2,861 2,721 2,870 2,857 3,209 3,504 3,749 3,877

Total No. of Pupils 3,998,966 4,111,004 4,101,586 4,037,896 4,119,525 4,155,255 4,194,336 4,233,555 4,273,065 4,330,368
Government Schools 3,837,548 3,942,185 3,930,451 3,864,824 3,940,072 3,972,983 4,004,059 4,037,095 4,078,798 4,129,534
Other Schools 161,418 168,819 171,135 173,072 179,453 182,272 190,277 196,460 194,267 200,834
Pirivena Schools 55,292 54,935 56,065 58,098 62,091 62,645 64,608 66,116 62,870 64,606
Private and Special Schools 106,126 113,884 115,070 114,974 117,362 119,627 125,669 130,344 131,397 136,228

New Admissions (c) 322,431 332,200 326,466 329,832 332,562 331,491 339,143 342,451 349,182 334,877

Total No. of Teachers 216,623 221,208 224,410 225,951 224,541 228,672 235,924 236,131 245,628 250,558
Government Schools (d) 205,829 210,201 213,212 214,307 212,457 216,397 223,724 223,752 232,990 236,988
Other Schools 10,794 11,007 11,198 11,644 12,084 12,275 12,200 12,379 12,638 13,570
Pirivena Schools 5,528 5,593 5,744 5,943 6,090 6,487 6,086 6,062 6,162 6,495
Private and Special Schools 5,266 5,414 5,454 5,701 5,994 5,788 6,114 6,317 6,476 7,075

Pupil / Teacher Ratio
(All Schools) 18.5 18.6 18.3 17.9 18.3 18.6 17.8 17.9 17.4 17.3
(a) Provisional Source : Ministry of Education

(b) Classification of Schools:
1A&B Schools having GCE (A/L) Science classes
1C Schools having GCE (A/L) Arts / Commerce classes / No Science classes
Type 2 Schools having classes up to Grade 11.
Type 3 Schools having classes only up to Grade 5.
(c) Government schools only.
(d) Teachers in functioning & temporary closed schools.
Note : Schools in Kilinochchi & Mullaitivu districts were temporarily closed at the census date (2009.06.01) in 2009.
Total No. of Pupils & Pupils per Teacher Ratio (All Schools)
4,400,000 19.0
18.5
Pupil / Teacher Ratio
Total No. of Pupils
4,200,000
18.0
17.5
4,000,000
17.0
3,800,000 16.5
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Total No. of Pupils Pupil / Teacher Ratio
140
Table 13.8
Teachers and Pupils by Province and District 2008 2015
(000)
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(a)

Province / District
T P T P T P T P T P T P T P T P
Western
41 898 41 906 39 916 41 929 43 938 43 946 46 956 46 969
Colombo 16 356 16 359 15 362 16 366 17 369 17 372 18 376 18 380
Gampaha 15 338 15 340 15 344 15 348 16 351 16 353 17 357 16 362
Kalutara 10 204 10 207 10 210 10 215 10 218 11 220 11 223 11 227

Central 32 518 31 521 30 522 30 523 32 526 32 530 32 535 34 543
Kandy
16 269 16 270 16 271 16 269 16 270 16 272 17 274 17 278
Matale 6 94 6 94 6 95 6 96 6 97 6 98 6 99 7 101
Nuwara Eliya 9 155 9 157 9 156 9 157 9 159 9 160 9 162 10 164

Southern
30 506 30 506 29 504 29 506 29 511 29 513 30 519 30 524
Galle
11 216 11 217 11 218 11 217 11 219 11 220 12 223 11 224
Matara
10 163 10 161 10 160 10 162 10 163 10 164 10 164 10 167
Hambantota 8 127 8 128 8 126 8 126 8 130 8 130 8 132 8 134

Northern
12 261 11 177 14 240 14 248 15 249 15 250 16 249 16 247
Jaffna 7 122 7 119 8 130 7 131 7 128 7 125 8 123 8 121
Kilinochchi 1 36 - - 1 26 2 28 2 29 2 31 2 32 2 32
Mannar 1 28 1 21 1 28 2 29 2 28 2 29 2 29 2 27
Mullaitivu 1 41 - - 3 12 1 20 1 23 2 26 2 28 2 28
Vavuniya 2 34 2 38 1 43 2 41 2 39 2 39 3 38 3 38

Eastern
18 378 20 384 20 386 20 385 21 386 21 388 21 389 21 392
Batticaloa 6 129 6 131 6 131 6 130 7 130 7 130 7 130 7 131
Ampara 8 154 9 156 9 155 9 156 9 158 9 159 9 161 9 161
Trincomalee 4 96 5 97 5 100 5 98 5 98 5 99 5 98 5 100

North Western
27 469 28 471 27 473 27 476 28 479 27 486 28 492 28 502
Kurunegala
20 309 20 312 20 313 20 317 20 319 20 323 20 329 20 334
Puttalam 7 160 7 160 7 160 7 159 8 160 7 163 8 164 8 168

North Central
14 252 14 254 14 254 15 259 15 266 16 270 17 273 17 279
Anuradhapura
10 173 11 175 11 176 11 179 11 184 11 187 12 189 12 193
Polonnaruwa 4 79 4 79 4 79 4 80 4 82 4 84 5 83 5 86

Uva
17 280 19 279 18 277 18 279 19 278 19 280 20 283 20 287
Badulla
12 183 13 183 12 182 12 184 13 183 13 183 13 185 14 186
Moneragala 5 97 6 97 6 95 6 95 6 95 6 97 6 98 7 101

Sabaragamuwa
22 366 22 366 21 368 22 367 22 371 23 374 23 383 24 387
Ratnapura 12 208 12 208 11 209 11 207 12 209 12 210 12 215 13 218
Kegalle 10 158 10 158 10 159 10 160 10 162 11 165 11 168 11 168

Total
213 3,930 214 3,865 212 3,940 216 3,973 224 4,004 224 4,037 233 4,079 237 4,130
T : Teachers Source : Ministry of Education

P : Pupils
(a) Provisional
Note : Schools in Kilinochchi & Mullaitivu districts were temporarily closed at the census date (2009.06.01) in 2009.
141
Table 13.9(A)
Government Schools by Size of Student Population 2014
Number
Above 3,500
1,501-2,000
2,001-2,500
2,501-3,000
3,001-3,500
1,001-1,500
501-1,000

Province / District
101-500
0-100
Total
Western 210 598 261 117 62 34 22 27 28 1,359
Colombo 41 164 84 38 23 13 11 17 14 405
Gampaha 63 252 115 49 24 15 5 8 7 538
Kalutara 106 182 62 30 15 6 6 2 7 416

Central 502 705 209 53 21 15 7 3 8 1,523
Kandy 191 299 100 29 8 8 5 2 8 650
Matale 120 151 30 9 6 5 1 1 0 323
Nuwara Eliya 191 255 79 15 7 2 1 0 0 550

Southern 317 519 139 62 26 16 14 7 13 1,113
Galle 120 195 50 28 12 8 6 4 7 430
Matara 109 160 53 15 10 7 5 2 2 363
Hambantota 88 164 36 19 4 1 3 1 4 320

Northern 412 438 96 21 8 7 1 1 0 984
Jaffna 159 211 43 17 3 4 1 0 0 438
Kilinochchi 31 51 19 2 0 1 0 0 0 104
Mannar 66 59 10 0 3 0 0 0 0 138
Vavuniya 104 63 11 1 1 2 0 1 0 183
Mullaitivu 52 54 13 1 1 0 0 0 0 121

Eastern 319 526 174 35 18 13 6 1 0 1,092
Batticaloa 106 153 69 9 7 6 1 0 0 351
Ampara 122 216 59 18 9 2 5 1 0 432
Trincomalee 91 157 46 8 2 5 0 0 0 309

North Western 350 618 152 50 28 13 12 2 10 1,235
Kurunegala 285 429 94 26 18 8 11 2 7 880
Puttalam 65 189 58 24 10 5 1 0 3 355

North Central 288 359 100 18 16 7 3 2 4 797
Anuradhapura 199 249 71 11 10 5 1 2 4 552
Polonnaruwa 89 110 29 7 6 2 2 0 0 245

Uva 286 431 118 23 12 6 6 0 2 884
Badulla 201 290 69 12 9 4 5 0 2 592
Moneragala 85 141 49 11 3 2 1 0 0 292

Sabaragamuwa 427 511 110 44 15 7 9 6 5 1,134
Ratnapura 204 275 67 26 12 4 5 2 2 597
Kegalle 223 236 43 18 3 3 4 4 3 537

Total 3,111 4,705 1,359 423 206 118 80 49 70 10,121
Source : Ministry of Education
142
Table 13.9(B)
(a)
Government Schools by Size of Student Population 2015
Number
Above 3,500
1,501-2,000
2,001-2,500
2,501-3,000
3,001-3,500
1,001-1,500
501-1,000
Province / District
101-500
0-100
Total
Western 210 594 262 114 66 38 19 25 31 1,359
Colombo 43 161 85 39 23 15 8 13 19 406
Gampaha 61 249 116 47 26 16 8 7 6 536
Kalutara 106 184 61 28 17 7 3 5 6 417

Central 497 708 198 61 19 17 7 3 9 1,519
Kandy 186 305 94 32 8 7 7 1 9 649
Matale 118 153 26 12 6 6 0 1 0 322
Nuwara Eliya 193 250 78 17 5 4 0 1 0 548

Southern 305 521 153 58 28 14 13 7 14 1,113
Galle 116 196 56 26 12 7 6 3 8 430
Matara 102 168 53 15 11 7 3 3 2 364
Hambantota 87 157 44 17 5 0 4 1 4 319

Northern 414 431 96 22 7 9 0 1 0 980
Jaffna 164 208 42 17 3 5 0 0 0 439
Kilinochchi 32 47 22 2 0 1 0 0 0 104
Mannar 65 55 10 0 3 0 0 0 0 133
Vavuniya 99 66 11 1 0 3 0 1 0 181
Mullaitivu 54 55 11 2 1 0 0 0 0 123

Eastern 316 544 170 34 19 13 6 1 0 1,103
Batticaloa 106 162 64 9 7 6 1 0 0 355
Ampara 116 226 59 17 10 2 5 1 0 436
Trincomalee 94 156 47 8 2 5 0 0 0 312

North Western 337 638 159 50 30 11 12 2 10 1,249
Kurunegala 273 440 96 27 19 8 11 2 7 883
Puttalam 64 198 63 23 11 3 1 0 3 366

North Central 271 380 102 19 17 5 4 2 4 804
Anuradhapura 188 264 71 11 11 4 3 1 4 557
Polonnaruwa 83 116 31 8 6 1 1 1 0 247

Uva 283 436 124 22 14 5 6 0 2 892
Badulla 202 291 72 13 10 3 5 0 2 598
Moneragala 81 145 52 9 4 2 1 0 0 294

Sabaragamuwa 420 501 115 44 18 7 7 8 5 1,125
Ratnapura 203 264 71 27 14 4 3 4 2 592
Kegalle 217 237 44 17 4 3 4 4 3 533

Total 3,053 4,753 1,379 424 218 119 74 49 75 10,144
143
Table 13.10(A)
Government School Teachers by Category of Appointment 2014

Number
Province / District Graduate Trained Untrained Trainees Other Total
Western 23,913 21,164 455 45,532

Colombo 9,477 7,933 286 17,696
Gampaha 8,612 7,823 83 16,518
Kalutara 5,824 5,408 86 11,318

Central 11,351 19,871 1,037 32,259
Kandy 6,786 9,477 347 16,610
Matale 2,476 3,751 164 6,391
Nuwara Eliya 2,089 6,643 526 9,258

Southern 12,981 16,961 320 30,262
Galle 4,764 6,620 140 11,524
Matara 4,657 5,653 100 10,410
Hambantota 3,560 4,688 80 8,328

Northern 5,880 9,673 743 16,296
Jaffna 3,635 4,096 203 7,934
Kilinochchi 562 1,186 264 2,012
Mannar 498 1,432 102 2,032
Mullaitivu 465 1,166 113 1,744
Vavuniya 720 1,793 61 2,574

Eastern 7,213 13,544 431 21,188
Batticaloa 2,724 3,883 91 6,698
Ampara 2,920 5,967 190 9,077
Trincomalee 1,569 3,694 150 5,413

North Western 11,449 15,938 572 27,959
Kurunegala 8,600 11,371 340 20,311
Puttalam 2,849 4,567 232 7,648

North Central 6,352 9,660 605 16,617
Anuradhapura 4,383 7,031 401 11,815
Polonnaruwa 1,969 2,629 204 4,802

Uva 7,211 11,605 663 19,479
Badulla 4,606 8,035 401 13,042
Moneragala 2,605 3,570 262 6,437

Sabaragamuwa 9,849 13,204 345 23,398
Ratnapura 4,791 7,234 152 12,177
Kegalle 5,058 5,970 193 11,221

Total 96,199 131,620 5,171 232,990
Source : Ministry of Education
144
Table 13.10(B)
Government School Teachers by Category of Appointment 2015(a)

Number
Province / District Graduate Trained Untrained Trainees Other Total
Western 24,250 21,275 145 39 2 45,711

Colombo 9,659 8,054 77 10 0 17,800
Gampaha 8,742 7,649 46 22 2 16,461
Kalutara 5,849 5,572 22 7 0 11,450

Central 12,736 20,094 800 796 15 34,441
Kandy 7,439 9,518 275 182 5 17,419
Matale 2,705 3,823 110 57 2 6,697
Nuwara Eliya 2,592 6,753 415 557 8 10,325

Southern 12,785 16,857 156 173 3 29,974
Galle 4,727 6,524 67 80 1 11,399
Matara 4,664 5,637 41 56 2 10,400
Hambantota 3,394 4,696 48 37 0 8,175

Northern 6,235 9,796 115 43 3 16,192
Jaffna 3,881 4,145 55 28 0 8,109
Kilinochchi 577 1,250 8 0 0 1,835
Mannar 545 1,353 9 5 1 1,913
Mullaitivu 495 1,193 15 6 0 1,709
Vavuniya 737 1,855 28 4 2 2,626

Eastern 7,374 13,619 306 95 4 21,398
Batticaloa 2,846 3,943 62 17 0 6,868
Ampara 2,954 5,969 148 47 1 9,119
Trincomalee 1,574 3,707 96 31 3 5,411

North Western 11,513 16,051 389 134 6 28,093
Kurunegala 8,668 11,181 274 72 4 20,199
Puttalam 2,845 4,870 115 62 2 7,894

North Central 6,648 9,775 208 101 4 16,736
Anuradhapura 4,654 7,133 133 59 3 11,982
Polonnaruwa 1,994 2,642 75 42 1 4,754

Uva 7,363 11,880 510 466 13 20,232
Badulla 4,683 8,260 346 367 3 13,659
Moneragala 2,680 3,620 164 99 10 6,573

Sabaragamuwa 10,100 13,605 187 322 7 24,221
Ratnapura 4,942 7,613 53 213 0 12,821
Kegalle 5,158 5,992 134 109 7 11,400

Total 99,004 132,952 2,816 2,169 57 236,998

145
Table 13.11
New Admissions in Government Schools 2015(a)
Number
Sinhala Medium Tamil Medium English Medium All Students

Province / District
Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total
Western 34,756 33,913 68,669 3,477 3,661 7,138 0 0 0 38,233 37,574 75,807
Colombo 12,769 12,440 25,209 1,456 1,457 2,913 0 0 0 14,225 13,897 28,122
Gampaha 13,915 13,833 27,748 749 814 1,563 0 0 0 14,664 14,647 29,311
Kalutara 8,072 7,640 15,712 1,272 1,390 2,662 0 0 0 9,344 9,030 18,374

Central 14,275 14,227 28,502 7,986 7,701 15,687 0 0 0 22,261 21,928 44,189
Kandy 8,175 8,202 16,377 2,748 2,876 5,624 0 0 0 10,923 11,078 22,001
Matale 3,577 3,477 7,054 910 757 1,667 0 0 0 4,487 4,234 8,721
Nuwara Eliya 2,523 2,548 5,071 4,328 4,068 8,396 0 0 0 6,851 6,616 13,467

Southern 21,081 20,009 41,090 625 642 1,267 0 0 0 21,706 20,651 42,357
Galle 8,784 8,459 17,243 192 219 411 0 0 0 8,976 8,678 17,654
Matara 6,634 6,042 12,676 308 310 618 0 0 0 6,942 6,352 13,294
Hambantota 5,663 5,508 11,171 125 113 238 0 0 0 5,788 5,621 11,409

Northern 255 255 510 8,500 8,237 16,737 0 0 0 8,755 8,492 17,247
Jaffna 0 0 0 3,985 3,867 7,852 0 0 0 3,985 3,867 7,852
Kilinochchi 0 0 0 1,190 1,174 2,364 0 0 0 1,190 1,174 2,364
Mannar 0 0 0 1,003 949 1,952 0 0 0 1,003 949 1,952
Mullaitivu 95 100 195 1,012 997 2,009 0 0 0 1,107 1,097 2,204
Vavuniya 160 155 315 1,310 1,250 2,560 0 0 0 1,470 1,405 2,875

Eastern 3,516 3,386 6,902 12,786 12,473 25,259 0 0 0 16,302 15,859 32,161
Batticaloa 0 0 0 5,102 5,033 10,135 0 0 0 5,102 5,033 10,135
Ampara 2,455 2,370 4,825 4,369 4,320 8,689 0 0 0 6,824 6,690 13,514
Trincomalee 1,061 1,016 2,077 3,315 3,120 6,435 0 0 0 4,376 4,136 8,512

North Western 18,317 17,375 35,692 3,256 3,265 6,521 0 0 0 21,573 20,640 42,213
Kurunegala 12,984 12,384 25,368 1,200 1,309 2,509 0 0 0 14,184 13,693 27,877
Puttalam 5,333 4,991 10,324 2,056 1,956 4,012 0 0 0 7,389 6,947 14,336

North Central 11,456 11,221 22,677 1,347 1,344 2,691 0 0 0 12,803 12,565 25,368
Anuradhapura 7,920 7,805 15,725 915 901 1,816 0 0 0 8,835 8,706 17,541
Polonnaruwa 3,536 3,416 6,952 432 443 875 0 0 0 3,968 3,859 7,827

Uva 9,713 9,507 19,220 2,251 2,273 4,524 0 0 0 11,964 11,780 23,744
Badulla 5,322 5,319 10,641 2,033 2,062 4,095 0 0 0 7,355 7,381 14,736
Moneragala 4,391 4,188 8,579 218 211 429 0 0 0 4,609 4,399 9,008

Sabaragamuwa 13,612 13,482 27,094 2,376 2,321 4,697 0 0 0 15,988 15,803 31,791
Ratnapura 8,079 8,049 16,128 1,164 1,139 2,303 0 0 0 9,243 9,188 18,431
Kegalle 5,533 5,433 10,966 1,212 1,182 2,394 0 0 0 6,745 6,615 13,360

Total 126,981 123,375 250,356 42,604 41,917 84,521 0 0 0 169,585 165,292 334,877
146
Table 13.12
Government Schools by Type, Pupils and Teachers 2014 & 2015
Type of Schools Schools Pupils Teachers Pupils per

having classes No. Percentage No. Percentage No. Percentage Teacher
Year 2014
GCE (A/L) Science (1AB) 974 9.6 1,588,657 38.9 75,918 32.6 20.9
GCE (A/L) Arts/Commerce
(Other than Science) (1C) 1,814 17.9 1,057,422 25.9 61,521 26.4 17.2
Upto year 11 (Type 2) 3,584 35.4 849,419 20.8 63,698 27.3 13.3
From years 1 to 5 or years
1 to 8 (Type 3) 3,749 37.0 583,300 14.3 31,853 13.7 18.3
All Government Schools
10,121 100.0 4,078,798 100.0 232,990 100.0 17.5
Year 2015 (a)

GCE (A/L) Science (1AB) 1,004 9.9 1,625,889 39.4 77,974 32.9 20.9
GCE (A/L) Arts/Commerce
(Other than Science) (1C) 1,801 17.8 1,042,093 25.2 61,561 26.0 16.9
Upto year 11 (Type 2) 3,462 34.1 837,103 20.3 63,204 26.7 13.2
From years 1 to 5 or years
1 to 8 (Type 3) 3,877 38.2 624,449 15.1 34,249 14.5 18.2
All Government Schools
10,144 100.0 4,129,534 100.0 236,988 100.0 17.4
Table 13.13
Performance of Candidates GCE (O/L) and GCE (A/L) 2010 - 2015
Item 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
School candidates sat for GCE (O/L) 310,661 295,540 294,338 287,040 277,414 290,929
Percentage of qualifying for GCE (A/L) 58.79 58.11 62.39 64.21 66.55 67.15

All candidates sat for GCE (O/L) 328,984 313,834 312,832 308,054 298,549 314,635
Percentage of qualifying for GCE (A/L) 57.62 56.54 60.87 62.42 64.51 64.81

School candidates sat for GCE (A/L) 195,043 203,928 (a) 196,954 209,906 207,304 210,340

School candidates qualifying to enter University 120,281 120,846 (a) 124,434 122,913 126,971 131,137

Percentage of qualifying to enter University 61.67 59.26 (a) 63.18 58.56 61.25 62.35

All candidates sat for GCE (A/L) 233,354 239,775 (a) 233,632 246,680 247,376 255,191

All candidates qualifying to enter University 142,415 141,411 (a) 144,819 143,695 149,489 155,447

Percentage of qualifying to enter University 61.03 58.98 (a) 61.99 58.25 60.43 60.91
(a) Includes New Syllabus and Old Syllabus. Source : Department of Examinations
n.a. Not available
147
Table 13.14
GCE (O/L) Examination 2012 - 2015
Performance of School Candidates
2012 2013 2014 2015
Qualified for Qualified for Qualified for Qualified for

Province No. sat No. sat No. sat No. sat
GCE (A/L) GCE (A/L) GCE (A/L) GCE (A/L)
(5 or more (5 or more (5 or more (5 or more
subjects) No. % subjects) No. % subjects) No. % subjects) No. %
Western 75,489 50,364 66.72 75,520 50,614 67.02 71,981 50,112 69.62 76,264 54,023 70.84
Central 38,704 22,775 58.84 37,712 22,995 60.98 37,148 23,488 63.23 37,557 24,134 64.26
Southern 37,960 24,371 64.20 36,365 23,422 64.41 35,658 25,234 70.77 36,586 26,735 73.07
Northern 18,338 10,361 56.50 17,286 10,673 61.74 16,919 10,268 60.69 19,400 11,113 57.28
Eastern 22,393 13,573 60.61 21,948 13,993 63.76 21,331 13,898 65.15 22,807 14,169 62.13
North Western 33,366 21,629 64.82 32,977 22,104 67.03 31,609 21,598 68.33 33,473 22,687 67.78
North Central 18,627 10,912 58.58 18,387 11,207 60.95 17,883 11,227 62.78 17,980 11,584 64.43
Uva 21,551 12,317 57.15 20,333 12,304 60.51 19,066 11,814 61.96 20,042 12,708 63.41
Sabaragamuwa 27,910 17,348 62.16 26,512 17,005 64.14 25,819 16,982 65.77 26,820 18,205 67.88
Sri Lanka 294,338 183,650 62.39 287,040 184,317 64.21 277,414 184,621 66.55 290,929 195,358 67.15
Source : Department of Examinations
Table 13.15
GCE (A/L) Examination 2012 - 2015
Performance of School Candidates
2012 2013 2014 2015
Qualified for Qualified for Qualified for Qualified for

Province
University Entrance University Entrance University Entrance University Entrance
No. sat No. sat No. sat No. sat
No. % No. % No. % No. %
Western 53,594 33,600 62.69 55,193 31,645 57.34 55,376 33,330 60.19 56,521 35,516 62.84
Central 25,066 15,481 61.76 26,697 15,148 56.74 25,975 15,547 59.85 26,046 15,967 61.30
Southern 28,596 18,410 64.38 30,035 17,966 59.82 30,083 18,707 62.18 29,945 18,668 62.34
Northern 10,865 6,829 62.85 12,052 7,699 63.88 12,330 7,910 64.15 12,684 8,274 65.23
Eastern 13,376 8,158 60.99 14,999 9,107 60.72 14,267 8,817 61.80 14,658 9,043 61.69
North Western 22,193 13,955 62.88 23,895 13,500 56.50 23,404 13,977 59.72 24,032 14,455 60.15
North Central 11,281 7,097 62.91 12,537 7,022 56.01 11,775 6,961 59.12 11,910 7,094 59.56
Uva 12,826 8,316 64.84 14,066 8,325 59.19 13,764 8,523 61.92 14,093 8,852 62.81
Sabaragamuwa 19,157 12,588 65.71 20,432 12,501 61.18 20,330 13,199 64.92 20,451 13,268 64.88
Sri Lanka 196,954 124,434 63.18 209,906 122,913 58.56 207,304 126,971 61.25 210,340 131,137 62.35
Source : Department of Examinations
148
Table 13.16
University Education(a) 2006 2015
Item 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(b)
No. of Universities 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15
No. of other Higher Educational
Institutions (c) 16 16 17 17 17 17 17 18 18 18
No. of Students (Undergraduates) (d) 65,206 66,996 66,891 68,768 70,477 74,440 70,222(e) 77,126 83,539 87,085
No. of Lecturers 4,016 4,304 4,452 4,735 4,984 5,064 5,176 5,439 5,610 5,525
New Admissions for basic Degrees (d) 16,585 17,196 20,069 20,846 21,547 22,016 28,908(f)(g)
24,198(h) 25,200 25,676
No. Graduated (i) 11,713 12,005 12,958 13,952 13,042 16,686 11,614(j) 20,839 29,243 30,966
Arts & Oriental Studies
B.A./B.A. Special 4,405 5,142 4,012 4,830 4,432 6,940 5,330 9,156 14,651 16,532
Commerce & Mgt. Studies
B.Sc./B.Com./B.B.A. 2,198 2,301 2,547 2,705 2,704 2,791 1,992 4,159 5,982 5,325
Law L.L.B. 327 208 345 425 392 348 445 454 496 532
Science B.Sc. (k) 2,348 1,575 2,342 2,573 2,028 2,651 1,443 3,180 2,740 3,090
Engineering B.Sc. (Eng.) 809 894 1,114 1,157 1,307 1,346 167 1,507 1,438 1,513
Medicine M.B.B.S. 896 901 1,294 943 797 1,061 800 547 1,209 1,145
Dental Surgery B.D.S. 123 70 125 71 64 65 20 73 68 79
Agriculture B.Sc. 430 484 510 513 540 595 515 727 867 908
Veterinary Science B.V. Sc. 64 57 80 39 60 58 54 59 57 69
Architecture and Quantity
Surveying B.Sc. 13 132 116 200 118 211 150 201 214 77
Computer Science/IT/ICT/MIT 100 107 303 382 392 439 561 644 947 1,124
Indigenous Medicine 134 170 114 208 181 137 132 175 227
Paramedical Studies 399 345
Expenditure on Higher
Education, Rs.Mn. (l) 12,607 12,281 13,825 13,692 15,018 19,700 21,806 27,838 36,937 34,496
Capital Expenditure 2,816 3,129 3,233 2,648 2,666 3,788 4,941 6,183 11,200 8,735
Recurrent Expenditure 9,791 11,775 10,592 11,044 12,352 14,307 16,865 21,655 25,737 25,761
n.a. Not available Source : University Grants Commission
(a) Information given herein are only with regard to Universities and higher educational institutes established under the universities Act. In addition, there are
universities established under various other Acts of parliament, such as Buddhasravaka Bhikshu University, Buddhist and Pali University of Sri Lanka,
General Sir John Kothalawala Defence University and University of Vocational Technology.
(b) Provisional
(c) Includes postgraduate institutes and higher educational institutions which are under UGC. Out of these institutions only 4 institutions namely Institute of
Indigenous Medicine, University of Colombo School of Computing, Gampaha Wickramarachchi Ayurveda Institute and Swamy Vipulananda Institute of
Aesthetic Studies admit students for undergraduate programmes under the UGC intake.
(d) Excluding the Open University of Sri Lanka and external degree courses.
(e) In year 2012, student enrolment has been decreased compared to the year 2011 due to new intake (2011 A/L) of students was not admitted. However, the
decrease is not significant as the final exams and academic terms of some universities were not completed due to Academic and Non-Academic strikes in
2012.
(f) Including 5,182 students admitted in addition to the normal intake due to court cases filed before the Supreme Court challenging the methodology used to
calculate the Z-score.
(g) Admission in 2012 includes the intake from the 2011 GCE (A/L) but has been admitted only in 2013, while the admissions in 2013 shows the
undergraduates admitted in the First Quarter of 2014.
(h) 2013 shows the number of undergraduates admitted in 1st Quarter of 2014 which relevant to the year 2013 [intake of GCE (A/L) - 2012].
(i) Includes External & Open University also.
(j) Number graduated has been decreased in 2012 as final exams were not been held in several faculties due to Academic and Non-Academic strikes in 2012.
(k) From 2007 onwards, Food Science graduates are included under B.Sc. Science.
(l) Total expenditure on University Education provides actual expenditure for the year 2014 while 2015 figures are provisional and are based on grant released
to HEIs for 2015.
149
Table 13.17
Eligibility, Admission and Enrollment of Students for University Education(a) 2009/10 - 2014/15
2009 / 2010 2010 / 2011 2011 / 2012
Eligible Eligible Eligible

Admitted Percentage Admitted Percentage Admitted Percentage
(b) (b) (b)
Arts Male 16,430 1,481 9.0 18,518 1,477 8.0 19,818 2,075 10.5
Female 46,246 5,360 11.6 54,282 5,587 10.3 56,020 8,222 14.7
Total 62,676 6,841 10.9 72,800 7,064 9.7 75,838 10,297 13.6
Commerce
Male 15,054 2,062 13.7 15,984 2,086 13.1 13,199 2,418 18.3
Female 18,148 2,521 13.9 19,597 2,790 14.2 17,714 3,324 18.8
Total 33,202 4,583 13.8 35,581 4,876 13.7 30,913 5,742 18.6
Science Male 13,601 5,473 40.2 15,652 5,238 33.5 15,818 6,429 40.6
Female 15,805 4,650 29.4 18,483 4,838 26.2 18,411 6,396 34.7
Total 29,406 10,123 34.4 34,135 10,076 29.5 34,229 12,825 37.5
Other (c) Male 106 12 11.3

Female 325 32 9.8
Total 431 44 10.2
Total Male 45,085 9,016 20.0 50,154 8,801 17.6 48,941 10,934 22.3
Female 80,199 12,531 15.6 92,362 13,215 14.3 92,470 17,974 19.4
Total 125,284 21,547 17.2 142,516 22,016 15.5 141,411 28,908 20.4
2012 / 2013 2013 / 2014 2014 / 2015
Eligible Eligible Eligible Admitted

Admitted Percentage Admitted Percentage Percentage
(b) (b) (b) (d)
Arts Male 17,408 1,539 8.8 16,943 1,589 9.4 17,078 1,577 9.2
Female 51,695 6,456 12.5 51,352 6,638 12.9 51,487 7,040 13.7
Total 69,103 7,995 11.6 68,295 8,227 12.1 68,565 8,617 12.6
Commerce Male 18,179 2,063 11.3 16,332 2,085 12.8 17,505 2,043 11.7
Female 22,353 2,903 13.0 21,412 3,140 14.7 23,097 3,256 14.1
Total 40,532 4,966 12.3 37,744 5,225 13.8 40,602 5,299 13.1
Science Male 15,292 5,178 33.9 16,599 5,796 34.9 17,561 6,036 34.4
Female 19,166 5,994 31.3 20,118 5,860 29.1 21,492 5,567 25.9
Total 34,458 11,172 32.4 36,717 11,656 31.8 39,053 11,603 29.7
Other (c) Male 192 25 13.0 309 36 11.7 435 51 11.7
Female 531 40 7.5 675 56 8.3 917 73 8.0
Total 723 65 9.0 984 92 9.4 1,352 124 9.2
Total Male 51,071 8,805 17.2 50,183 9,506 18.9 52,579 9,707 18.5
Female 93,745 15,393 16.4 93,557 15,694 16.8 96,993 15,936 16.4
Total 144,816 24,198 16.7 143,740 25,200 17.5 149,572 25,643 17.1
Note : Undergraduate enrollment is based on the calender year and admission Source : University Grants Commission
is based on academic years relevant to their GCE (A/L) Examinations.
(a) Information given herein are only with regard to universities and Higher Educational
Institutes established under the Universities Act.
(b) Eligible refers to all the candidates who attained the minimum requirements laid
down by the UGC for Admission to the Universities at the GCE (A/L) examination.
(c) Other refers to the odd subject combinations introduced from GCE (A/L) 2011.
(d) Excludes 33 students who admitted under foreign intake and teachers intake.
150
Table 13.18
University Admission by Province and District 2007/08 - 2014/15
Province / District 2007/08 2008/09 2009/10 2010/11 2011/12 2012/13 2013/14 2014/15
Western 5,157 5,230 5,512 5,517 7,147 6,466 6,863 6,869

Colombo 2,749 2,874 2,861 2,874 3,410 3,139 3,322 3,252
Gampaha 1,462 1,454 1,627 1,618 2,187 1,969 2,172 2,206
Kalutara 946 902 1,024 1,025 1,550 1,358 1,369 1,411

Central 2,008 2,107 2,111 2,123 2,794 2,494 2,512 2,548
Kandy 1,291 1,341 1,290 1,311 1,671 1,517 1,532 1,579
Matale 306 320 357 322 504 446 421 421
Nuwara Eliya 411 446 464 490 619 531 559 548

Southern 3,146 3,385 3,553 3,497 4,503 3,754 4,047 4,042
Galle 1,471 1,561 1,585 1,543 2,055 1,512 1,776 1,865
Matara 1,054 1,157 1,243 1,228 1,464 1,390 1,402 1,310
Hambantota 621 667 725 726 984 852 869 867

Northern 1,469 1,456 1,532 1,526 2,139 1,576 1,567 1,589
Jaffna 961 960 967 885 1,265 881 902 950
Kilinochchi 86 92 98 168 203 153 165 146
Mannar 118 135 141 138 207 163 151 143
Mullaitivu 213 185 230 195 196 158 151 139
Vavuniya 91 84 96 140 268 221 198 211

Eastern 1,217 1,232 1,308 1,364 1,883 1,597 1,676 1,667
Batticaloa 416 408 467 456 642 515 542 572
Ampara 550 533 565 609 819 705 709 699
Trincomalee 251 291 276 299 422 377 425 396

North Western 2,140 2,240 2,226 2,189 2,958 2,447 2,457 2,520
Kurunegala 1,622 1,667 1,640 1,600 2,154 1,755 1,767 1,804
Puttalam 518 573 586 589 804 692 690 716

North Central 866 893 879 992 1,374 1,186 1,294 1,327
Anuradhapura 623 622 619 714 972 830 935 966
Polonnaruwa 243 271 260 278 402 356 359 361

Uva 866 957 1,005 1,034 1,526 1,271 1,388 1,380
Badulla 567 623 647 674 985 812 898 898
Moneragala 299 334 358 360 541 459 490 482

Sabaragamuwa 1,843 1,840 1,985 2,032 2,620 2,152 2,376 2,401
Ratnapura 1,077 1,060 1,169 1,178 1,488 1,242 1,375 1,368
Kegalle 766 780 816 854 1,132 910 1,001 1,033

Special Additional Intake (a) 1,357 1,506 1,436 1,742 (b) 1,964 1,255 1,020 1,333

Total 20,069 20,846 21,547 22,016 28,908 24,198 25,200 25,676
Note: Information given herein are only with regard to universities and Higher Educational Source : University Grants Commission
(a) Special and Additional Intake refers to the students admitted on the basis of
Special Categories such as blind and differently abled, excelled in fields other than
studies, armed forces, foreign, teachers, etc., on the recommendation of the Appeals
Committee and the Aditional Intake, for special subjects such as Japanies, English,
History, etc., where district has not been taken in to account for selection.
(b) Students admitted under Supplementary Intake are added to this.
151
Table 13.19
University Admission by Academic Stream and District 2013/2014
Arts Management & Law Science Medicine Veterinary Dentistry

District (a) Commerce (b) Science
A B A B A B A B A B A B A B
Colombo 300 55 537 307 29 22 529 306 153 78 15 7 19 7
Gampaha 460 44 271 301 15 22 143 295 27 76 0 7 0 5
Kalutara 369 25 138 162 6 12 106 159 22 40 3 4 0 3
Matale 106 18 16 71 0 6 4 65 3 17 0 2 0 2
Kandy 291 36 106 184 16 14 209 182 48 46 11 6 1 4
Nuwara Eliya 88 27 18 116 3 9 1 112 0 29 0 3 0 3
Galle 527 20 168 141 14 11 226 139 33 35 3 4 5 3
Matara 404 13 74 110 7 10 160 105 57 27 3 3 5 3
Hambantota 284 12 24 100 5 8 70 98 13 24 2 3 0 3
Jaffna 226 60 14 103 2 8 62 106 14 30 0 4 0 3
Kilinochchi 43 13 0 23 0 1 0 25 1 6 0 1 0 2
Mannar 23 19 1 22 1 1 0 30 0 5 0 1 0 1
Mullaitivu 46 12 0 22 0 1 0 22 0 5 0 1 0 1
Vavuniya 37 17 6 32 1 2 0 34 2 7 0 1 0 1
Trincomalee 120 34 7 63 3 5 3 63 5 17 0 1 0 2
Batticaloa 99 53 11 85 1 7 10 82 8 22 0 2 0 2
Ampara 197 52 16 108 3 8 12 104 4 27 0 3 0 3
Kurunegala 532 40 105 217 12 16 134 209 30 54 1 5 0 4
Puttalam 175 19 37 121 1 10 5 115 10 31 0 2 0 3
Anuradhapura 327 26 32 142 6 11 5 138 5 35 0 3 0 3
Polonnaruwa 75 8 9 70 1 6 0 66 0 18 0 2 0 2
Badulla 234 22 38 137 4 10 48 138 11 33 0 4 0 3
Monaragala 164 9 25 77 2 6 6 74 0 19 0 2 0 2
Ratnapura 431 22 139 177 6 13 48 166 16 46 1 4 0 4
Kegalle 354 18 35 111 2 9 78 110 16 29 0 2 0 3
Special and
Additional Intake (c) 0 810 0 53 0 2 0 47 0 43 0 2 0 2
Total 5,912 1,484 1,827 3,055 140 230 1,859 2,990 478 799 39 79 30 74
Agriculture Engineering Architecture/ Comp. Science Other Total
Quan. Survey(d) (e) Courses (f) Total
Admissions
A B A B A B A B A B A B
Colombo 107 97 177 100 44 40 142 93 82 76 2,134 1,188 3,322
Gampaha 34 98 45 99 9 25 15 88 24 69 1,043 1,129 2,172
Kalutara 46 50 19 53 4 15 29 45 21 38 763 606 1,369
Matale 1 26 11 22 0 5 5 22 2 17 148 273 421
Kandy 61 60 41 60 5 21 21 55 12 42 822 710 1,532
Nuwara Eliya 1 37 1 39 0 6 3 30 3 30 118 441 559
Galle 83 48 56 47 19 15 62 38 46 33 1,242 534 1,776
Matara 53 33 88 38 12 10 71 31 56 29 990 412 1,402
Hambantota 20 34 29 33 3 9 23 26 24 22 497 372 869
Jaffna 34 38 36 35 7 9 36 30 23 22 454 448 902
Kilinochchi 0 12 3 9 0 3 0 10 1 12 48 117 165
Mannar 0 10 0 7 0 3 4 12 0 11 29 122 151
Mullaitivu 0 10 0 6 0 3 0 11 0 11 46 105 151
Vavuniya 0 15 2 11 0 4 0 15 0 11 48 150 198
Trincomalee 4 23 5 21 0 5 5 19 4 16 156 269 425
Batticaloa 2 27 8 28 4 9 11 26 23 22 177 365 542
Ampara 9 33 4 35 0 6 14 30 17 24 276 433 709
Kurunegala 43 67 33 68 5 21 27 61 29 54 951 816 1,767
Puttalam 5 35 6 39 0 7 5 32 5 27 249 441 690
Anuradhapura 3 48 16 47 1 7 3 37 3 37 401 534 935
Polonnaruwa 2 24 1 24 0 5 6 18 3 19 97 262 359
Badulla 6 45 17 45 2 11 10 40 7 33 377 521 898
Monaragala 5 28 1 25 0 5 2 18 1 19 206 284 490
Ratnapura 23 56 21 55 8 10 10 50 26 43 729 646 1,375
Kegalle 55 35 4 39 3 13 12 30 15 28 574 427 1,001
Special and
Additional Intake (c) 0 11 0 19 0 4 0 13 0 14 0 1,020 1,020
Total 597 1,000 624 1,004 126 271 516 880 427 759 12,575 12,625 25,200
A Merit B Other (students admitted under district quota and underprivileged district quota) (Contd.)
Note : Information given herein are only with regard to Universities and Higher Educational Institutes established under Source : University Grants Commission
the Universities Act.
(a) 1. Arts Arts / Social Science and Humanities, Mass Media / Visual and performing Arts. (d) Includes all other courses conducted in the Architecture Faculty such as Design,
2. Admission to Arts degree programme is purely on merit however, policy ensure the number selected from each district Town & Country Planning, Landscape Architecture and Facilities Management.
to be not less than the number admitted in 1993/94 or 2002/03, whichever is greater. This adjustment is shown under the (e) Includes Management Information Technology, Information Technology,
Other Courses category. Information & Communication Technology, Information Technology &
(b) Includes Biological Sciences, Physical Sciences, Food Sciences, Fisheries & Marine Sciences and Physical Education courses. Management, Computation & Management, Business Information Systems, etc.
(c) Special & Additional Intakes shows the students admitted on the basis of Special Categories such as Blind and Differently (f) Other Courses Fashion Design/Transport & Logistic Management, Indigenous
abled, Excelled in fields other than Studies, Armed Forces, Foreign, Teachers, etc., on the recommendation of the Appeals Medicine, Paramedical Studies. Paramedical Studies includes Nursing, Pharmacy,
Committee and Additional Intakes for special subjects in Arts such as Japanies, English, History, etc. Medical Laboratories Sciences, Radiography, Physiotherapy and Speech & Hearing
Sciences.
152
Table 13.19 (Contd.)

University Admission by Academic Stream and District 2014/2015*
Arts Management & Law Science Medicine Veterinary Dentistry

District (a) Commerce (b) Science
A B A B A B A B A B A B A B
Colombo 363 43 546 308 25 22 497 300 149 76 11 6 28 5
Gampaha 471 48 214 308 20 21 183 294 35 75 0 6 0 4
Kalutara 400 29 151 158 12 11 130 161 27 40 0 3 0 2
Kandy 344 47 123 183 3 13 189 181 43 45 10 4 0 3
Matale 103 18 17 68 1 5 24 65 2 16 0 1 0 1
Nuwara Eliya 78 36 23 117 0 8 1 111 3 29 0 2 0 2
Galle 584 18 218 139 21 10 207 140 52 35 3 3 0 2
Matara 415 12 111 106 4 8 146 103 31 27 7 2 0 3
Hambantota 278 12 39 101 7 7 69 96 14 24 0 2 0 2
Jaffna 206 52 22 102 1 7 81 108 20 30 2 3 0 2
Kilinochchi 19 20 2 25 0 1 0 25 1 5 0 1 0 1
Mannar 12 22 2 23 0 1 0 30 0 5 0 1 0 1
Mullaitivu 26 24 0 20 0 1 0 23 0 4 0 1 0 1
Vavuniya 37 11 13 33 1 2 1 36 4 7 0 1 0 1
Batticaloa 138 36 14 85 0 6 6 82 13 21 0 2 0 1
Ampara 196 44 16 106 1 7 15 100 4 26 0 2 0 2
Trincomalee 91 27 12 65 0 4 6 65 5 15 0 1 0 1
Kurunegala 527 47 99 217 9 15 152 217 30 53 5 4 0 3
Puttalam 173 21 50 126 6 9 21 118 6 31 0 2 0 2
Anuradhapura 361 26 48 141 4 10 7 134 6 35 0 3 0 2
Polonnaruwa 72 13 21 69 2 5 0 65 2 16 0 1 0 1
Badulla 258 32 43 134 8 9 39 130 7 33 0 3 0 2
Moneragala 185 11 22 76 1 5 0 70 0 18 0 1 0 1
Ratnapura 413 34 116 179 11 12 72 168 20 44 0 3 0 3
Kegalle 375 23 68 108 2 8 76 108 12 27 0 2 0 2
Special and
Additional Intake (c) 0 1,135 0 43 0 4 0 42 0 32 0 1 0 2
Total 6,125 1,841 1,990 3,040 139 211 1,922 2,972 486 769 38 61 28 52
Agriculture Engineering Architecture/ Comp. Science Other Total
Quan. Survey (d) (e) Courses (f) Total
Admissions
A B A B A B A B A B A B
Colombo 79 93 160 99 40 30 125 86 91 70 2,114 1,138 3,252

Gampaha 40 88 58 98 6 22 25 85 35 70 1,087 1,119 2,206
Kalutara 44 44 31 51 4 10 11 43 10 39 820 591 1,411
Kandy 57 54 53 59 5 20 30 53 17 43 874 705 1,579
Matale 6 22 2 21 1 6 2 19 4 17 162 259 421
Nuwara Eliya 3 35 1 37 0 6 0 29 1 26 110 438 548
Galle 70 41 61 45 24 9 78 39 37 29 1,355 510 1,865
Matara 32 29 62 35 14 7 64 26 41 25 927 383 1,310
Hambantota 28 28 22 32 6 6 24 27 24 19 511 356 867
Jaffna 36 31 47 34 19 7 54 28 36 22 524 426 950
Kilinochchi 1 12 2 8 0 3 0 10 0 10 25 121 146
Mannar 0 12 0 7 0 4 1 12 0 10 15 128 143
Mullaitivu 0 10 0 7 0 3 0 9 0 10 26 113 139
Vavuniya 1 14 1 10 1 4 2 14 6 11 67 144 211
Batticaloa 8 27 9 28 1 6 15 24 30 20 234 338 572
Ampara 8 31 8 34 1 6 14 27 28 23 291 408 699
Trincomalee 3 23 8 21 0 5 5 19 5 15 135 261 396
Kurunegala 62 58 36 69 5 16 33 59 37 51 995 809 1,804
Puttalam 3 36 5 39 2 6 3 29 2 26 271 445 716
Anuradhapura 5 44 6 44 2 6 7 38 5 32 451 515 966
Polonnaruwa 1 23 1 22 1 4 3 18 4 17 107 254 361
Badulla 2 42 18 42 3 8 9 36 8 32 395 503 898
Moneragala 0 24 1 24 0 5 1 18 2 17 212 270 482
Ratnapura 38 53 16 55 3 11 17 47 17 36 723 645 1,368
Kegalle 53 32 17 36 4 8 6 29 10 27 623 410 1,033
Special and
Additional Intake (c) 0 11 0 21 0 4 0 15 0 23 0 1,333 1,333
Total 580 917 625 978 142 222 529 839 450 720 13,054 12,622 25,676
A Merit B Other (students admitted under district quota and underprivileged district quota) * Provisional
Source : University Grants Commission
Note: Information given herein are only with regard to Universities and Higher Educational Institutes established under the
Universities Act. (d) Includes all other courses conducted in the Architecture Faculty such as
Design, Town & Country Planning, Landscape Architecture and Facilities
Management.
(a) Admission to Arts degree programme is purely on merit however, policy ensures the number selected from each district
to be not less than the number admitted in 1993/94 or 2002/03, whichever is greater. This adjustment is shown under (e) Includes Management Information Technology, Information Technology,
the Other Courses category. Information & Communication Technology, Information Technology &
(b) Includes Biological Sciences, Physical Sciences, Food Sciences, Fisheries & Marine Sciences and Physical Education Management, Computation & Management, Business Information Systems,
courses. etc.
(c) Special & Additional Intakes shows the students admitted on the basis of Special Categories such as Blind and (f) Other Courses Fashion Design/Transport & Logistic Management, Indige-
Differently abled, Excelled in fields other than Studies, Armed Forces, Foreign, Teachers, etc., on the recommendation nous Medicine, Paramedical Studies. Paramedical Studies includes Nursing,
of the Appeals Committee and Additional Intakes for special subjects in Arts such as Japanies, English, History, etc. Pharmacy, Medical Laboratories Sciences, Radiography, Physiotherapy and
Speech & Hearing Sciences.
153
Table 13.20
University Admission by Academic Stream and Ethnicity 2011/2012 2014/2015
Arts Management & Law Science (a) Medicine Dentistry

Ethnicity Commerce
Sinhalese
2011/12 6,508 4,572 365 4,543 1,096 90
2012/13 5,011 4,010 282 4,189 1,024 73
2013/14 5,353 4,169 297 4,129 1,052 86
2014/15 5,736 4,298 289 4,130 997 67
Tamil 2011/12 1,883 581 54 597 158 15
2012/13 1,226 419 45 490 118 13
2013/14 1,172 472 40 431 127 11
2014/15 1,238 526 33 449 145 9
Moor 2011/12 1,009 307 29 350 113 14
2012/13 864 238 37 258 75 9
2013/14 852 233 32 286 83 7
2014/15 965 190 26 312 92 4
Other
2011/12 12 6 0 5 4 3
2012/13 28 9 0 8 20 2
2013/14 19 8 1 3 15 0
2014/15 27 16 2 3 21 0
Total 2011/12 9,412 5,466 448 5,495 1,371 122
2012/13 7,129 4,676 364 4,945 1,237 97
2013/14 7,396 4,882 370 4,849 1,277 104
2014/15 7,966 5,030 350 4,894 1,255 80
Veterinary Agriculture Engineering Architecture / Computer Sc. / Other (d) Total

Ethnicity Science Quantity MIT/IT/ICT
Surveying (b) (c)
Sinhalese
2011/12 126 1,056 1,469 428 1,105 1,023 22,381
2012/13 95 949 1,367 336 1,053 884 19,273
2013/14 99 1,338 1,351 331 1,085 883 20,173
2014/15 85 1,213 1,331 287 1,055 827 20,315
Tamil 2011/12 18 191 213 53 235 189 4,187
2012/13 14 128 183 46 164 146 2,992
2013/14 15 166 200 48 185 150 3,017
2014/15 11 175 194 58 192 173 3,203
Moor 2011/12 4 79 68 23 131 165 2,292
2012/13 2 51 54 21 110 127 1,846
2013/14 3 92 72 18 125 152 1,955
2014/15 3 107 74 17 117 166 2,073
Other
2011/12 0 6 6 0 4 2 48
2012/13 0 1 13 1 4 1 87
2013/14 1 1 5 0 1 1 55
2014/15 0 2 4 2 4 4 85
Total 2011/12 148 1,332 1,756 504 1,475 1,379 28,908
2012/13 111 1,129 1,617 404 1,331 1,158 24,198
2013/14 118 1,597 1,628 397 1,396 1,186 25,200
2014/15 99 1,497 1,603 364 1,368 1,170 25,676
Note: Information given herein are only with regard to Universities and Higher Educational Source : University Grants Commission
(a) Includes Biological Sciences, Physical Sciences, Surveying Science, Food Sciences, Fisheries & Marine Sciences and Physical Education courses.
(b) Includes all other courses conducted in the Architecture Faculty such as Design, Town & Country Planning, Landscape Architecture and Facilities
Management.
(c) Includes the Management & Information Technology, Information Technology, Information & Communication Technology, Information Technology and
Management, Computation & Management, Business Information Systems, Information Systems, Computer Science and Technology, etc.
(d) Includes Indigenous Medicine, Paramedical Studies and Fashion Design / Transport and Logistic Management.
154
Table 13.21
Technical Colleges 2006 2015
College of Technology (a) Technical Colleges Total

Course Year
Intake Enrollment Intake Enrollment Intake Enrollment
Advance Diploma 2010 523 604 523 604
(NVQ Level 5 & 6) 2011 883 883 883 883
2012 785 1,169 23 23 808 1,192
2013 943 1,178 22 22 965 1,200
2014 1,631 2,170 377 478 2,008 2,648
2015(b) 1,505 2,324 246 1,751 2,324
National Diploma 2006 188 339 188 339
(Non-NVQ) 2007 9 22 55 190 64 212
2008 453 495 94 152 547 647
2009 99 177 99 177
2010 16 16 49 103 65 119
2011 104 117 80 218 184 335
2012 145 212 86 157 231 369
2013 166 292 85 156 251 448
2014 223 343 223 343
2015(b) 278 484 278 484
National Certificate 2006 15,260 19,635 15,260 19,635
2007 3,620 6,667 6,217 10,589 9,837 17,256
2008 4,884 7,719 9,083 13,803 13,967 21,522
2009 3,171 4,940 6,221 9,784 9,392 14,724
2010 1,332 1,756 2,840 3,939 4,172 5,695
2011 3,052 4,873 5,873 9,056 8,925 13,929
2012 3,307 4,876 5,741 8,387 9,048 13,263
2013 3,546 5,371 6,587 9,478 10,133 14,849
2014 2,888 4,780 6,084 9,023 8,972 13,803
2015(b) 1,059 3,966 7,144 8,203 8,203 12,169
National Craft (Trade) 2006 4,974 6,010 4,974 6,010
Certificate 2007 1,124 1,592 1,936 2,837 3,060 4,429
2008 1,978 2,332 3,709 4,147 5,687 6,479
2009 1,237 1,507 2,364 2,796 3,601 4,303
2010 533 648 846 998 1,379 1,646
2011 1,107 1,386 2,076 2,434 3,183 3,820
2012 1,140 1,520 1,975 2,461 3,115 3,981
2013 1,236 1,651 1,964 2,412 3,200 4,063
2014 1,259 1,684 2,044 2,593 3,303 4,277
2015(b) 1,059 371 1,651 3,108 2,710 3,479
2006 1,487 1,487 1,487 1,487

Short Courses 2007 165 165 762 762 927 927
(mainly intended for 2008 219 219 619 619 838 838
self-employment) 2009 313 313 949 949 1,262 1,262
2010 399 399 451 451 850 850
2011 1,420 1,420 2,586 2,586 4,006 4,006
2012 1,992 1,992 4,511 4,511 6,503 6,503
2013 2,691 2,691 5,496 5,496 8,187 8,187
2014 2,364 2,364 5,993 5,993 8,357 8,357
2015(b) 2,228 2,228 4,694 4,694 6,922 6,922
Short Courses Offered to 2006 75 75 75 75

Other Organizations (c) 2007 70 70 70 70
2008 13,318 13,318 720 720 14,038 14,038
2009 508 508 257 268 765 776
2010 269 269 269 269
2011 29 29 29 29
2012
2013
2014
2015(b)
Total 2006 21,984 27,546 21,984 27,546
2007 4,918 8,446 9,040 14,448 13,958 22,894
2008 20,852 24,083 14,225 19,441 35,077 43,524
2009 5,622 7,661 9,890 13,974 15,512 21,635
2010 3,072 3,692 4,186 5,491 7,258 9,183
2011 6,566 8,679 10,644 14,323 17,210 23,002
2012 7,369 9,769 12,336 15,539 19,705 25,308
2013 8,582 11,183 14,154 17,564 22,736 28,747
2014 8,365 11,341 14,498 18,087 22,863 29,428
2015(b) 6,129 9,373 13,735 16,005 19,864 25,378
NVQ National Vocational Qualification Source : Department of Technical Education and Training
(a) 9 Technical Colleges have been upgraded to the level (c) In 2008, 12,273 additional students were enrolled for special vocational training
of College of Technology since 2007. programmes Waddakil Vasantham Programmes under the Mahinda Chinthana at College
(b) Provisional. of Technology, Jaffna and LTTE surrenders at Rehabilitation Centres Pallekale, Walikanda.
Note : Normally academic year starts in July and will end in June in the following year. Hence, students statistics given here refers to the academic years.
155
Table 13.22
Health Services 2006 2015
Item 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(a)
Western Medicine (b)

Hospitals 604 619 619 555 568 592 593 603 601 610
Primary Healthcare Units 397 387 411 475 476 475 480 481 484 475
Doctors (c)
11,800 12,686 14,255 14,831 15,283(d)
17,481(d)
18,190 18,610 18,958 20,446(d)
Hospital Beds
62,749 62,197 65,835 68,897 69,501 69,731 73,437 74,636 76,918 76,781
Nurses
20,912 20,088 22,996 25,549 27,494 29,101 30,136 30,928 31,964 32,272
Attendants 7,129 7,201 7,184 8,301 8,189 7,477 8,403 8,091 8,215 8,689
In Patients Treated, 000 4,463 4,609 4,898 5,474 5,591 n.a. 5,840 5,926 n.a. n.a.
Out Patients Visits, 000
41,429 43,073 45,382 48,782 49,871 n.a. 50,631 53,861 54,970 n.a.
Midwives 7,635 8,995 8,337 8,943 8,726 8,748 8,745 8,874 9,022 9,021

Family Planning
New Acceptors (No.)
222,355 248,897 267,133 245,013 223,595 208,100 238,016 181,645 127,130 153,901
Loops 41,018 55,941 58,770 52,141 48,350 47,315 73,932 52,917 40,813 44,916
Oral Pills 47,403 54,725 53,594 50,454 45,398 38,433 79,957 43,556 26,644 33,279
Sterilizations 11,613 15,234 23,480 22,091 21,587 19,787 21,109 15,771 11,657 14,419
Injectables
121,544 120,679 120,004 110,966 98,540 87,865 37,886 34,713 8,195 14,491
Implant 777 2,318 11,285 9,361 9,720 14,700 25,132 34,688 39,821 46,796
Total Expenditure on
Health, Rs. Mn.
58,038 68,702 74,548 71,452 73,835 89,237 99,101 119,530 138,403 177,789
Current Expenditure
44,069 51,741 55,874 58,789 60,506 74,443 81,946 99,609 116,151 140,560
Capital Expenditure
13,969 16,961 18,674 12,664 13,329 14,794 17,155 19,920 22,252 37,230
Imports of Medical and
Pharmaceutical Products
(Govt. & Private), Rs. Mn.
16,279 19,742 23,010 23,199 24,549 38,487 47,537 48,845 49,685 62,498
(a) Provisional Sources : Ministry of Health

(b) Public Sector Family Health Bureau
(c) Includes Assistant Medical Practitioners
(d) Including Intern Medical Officers
n.a. Not available
Total Expenditure on Health

180,000
120,000
Rs. Mn.
60,000
0
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
156
Table 13.23
Selected Public Health Personnel 1991 2014
Medical Dental Reg. / Asst. Nurses (c) Public Health Hospital

Year
Officers (a) Surgeons (b) Medical Officers Nursing Sisters (d) Inspectors Midwives Midwives
1991 2,934 358 1,201 9,934 101 914 3,583 1,776

1992 3,345 381 1,253 11,214 113 846 4,108 2,025
1993 3,713 390 1,305 11,818 109 876 4,361 2,172
1994 4,047 387 1,357 13,060 117 928 4,400 2,214
1995 4,577 421 1,376 13,403 174 932 4,383 2,288
1996 5,117 462 1,397 13,933 189 915 4,352 2,393
1997 5,628 481 1,384 13,815 145 901 4,497 2,284
1998 6,427 521 1,340 14,448 183 888 4,578 2,410
1999 6,994 529 1,340 14,052 237 1,142 4,625 2,503
2000 7,963 637 1,349 14,716 270 1,486 4,798 2,596
2001 8,384 751 1,343 15,797 259 1,401 4,654 2,723
2002 9,290 867 1,326 16,517 310 1,470 4,819 2,794
2003 9,063 889 1,260 16,621 310 1,420 4,319 3,154
2004 8,874 915 1,218 18,654 315 1,397 4,524 2,668
2005 10,198 954 1,274 19,934 313 1,512 4,896 2,371
2006 10,279 1,181 1,183 18,950 299 1,535 5,080 2,555
2007 11,023 1,314 1,194 22,370 290 1,740 6,167 2,828
2008 12,479 858 1,134 23,800 270 1,475 5,331 3,016
2009 13,874 1,051 1,099 31,198 169 1,371 5,167 2,773
2010 14,388 1,122 1,096 32,680 310 1,383 5,634 2,823
2011 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.
2012 15,910 1,223 1,130 31,218 332 1,510 5,821 2,605
2013 16,690 1,279 1,064 31,235 322 1,544 5,950 2,848
2014 (e) 17,627 1,361 1,015 32,948 282 1,534 6,013 2,819
(a) Includes Medical Officers in curative, administrative and preventive services. Source : Medical Statistics Unit, Ministry of Health
(b) Includes Regional and Consultant Dental Surgeons.
(c) Excludes Pupil Nurses.
(d) Supervising Public Health Nursing Sisters / Public Health Nursing Sisters.
(e) Provisional.
n.a. Not available
No. of Medical Officers (Public Sector)

18,000
15,000
12,000
Number
9,000
6,000
3,000
0
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2012 2013 2014
157
Table 13.24
Public Health Personnel by District 2014(a)
Medical Dental Reg. / Asst. Public Health
Nurses
District Officers Surgeons Medical
(d) Nursing Inspectors
(b) (c) Officers Midwives
Sisters (e) (f)
Colombo 4,389 273 153 8,817 31 240 498
Gampaha 1,581 89 98 2,954 28 118 521
Kalutara 743 66 64 1,965 23 67 386
Kandy 1,660 181 162 4,189 24 95 491
Matale 354 30 34 590 12 41 165
Nuwara Eliya 282 30 15 426 4 37 222
Galle 924 59 68 2,505 19 88 310
Matara 536 32 49 1,277 8 69 278
Hambantota 381 29 11 1,300 7 58 209
Jaffna 509 72 11 889 1 80 150
Mannar 98 13 5 110 - 21 54
Vavuniya 182 13 2 309 3 20 56
Mullaitivu 55 5 1 41 - 22 42
Kilinochchi 85 4 1 62 - 20 77
Batticaloa 358 32 10 812 14 66 144
Ampara 330 25 9 668 2 31 94
Trincomalee 319 22 11 285 1 47 117
Kalmunai 293 28 12 584 7 60 143
Kurunegala 1,114 88 95 2,953 32 127 463
Puttalam 467 27 21 617 3 45 193
Anuradhapura 605 35 29 1,738 9 80 252
Polonnaruwa 324 25 11 609 7 37 105
Badulla 613 62 41 1,526 13 71 273
Moneragala 276 25 10 487 11 41 176
Ratnapura 636 63 38 1,671 12 100 326
Kegalle 513 33 54 1,122 11 86 268
Total 17,627 1,361 1,015 38,506 282 1,767 6,013
(Contd.)
Table 13.24 (Contd.)

Public Health Personnel by District 2014(a)
Medical Lab School
Hospital Pharma- Radio- Physio- ECG EEG
District Dispensers Techno- Dental
Midwives cists graphers therapists Recordists Recordists
logists Therapists
Colombo 329 384 85 476 252 157 74 21 39
Gampaha 153 114 81 98 37 52 21 4 31
Kalutara 159 52 44 55 15 9 9 2 26
Kandy 203 138 87 126 74 45 25 10 27
Matale 81 28 40 24 6 5 5 13
Nuwara Eliya 93 20 41 20 8 4 4 1 9
Galle 171 73 62 69 34 23 15 4 31
Matara 135 45 45 39 11 12 7 2 20
Hambantota 115 41 39 35 13 8 7 1 12
Jaffna 79 53 48 26 20 13 4 2 9
Mannar 35 7 12 6 2 1 1
Vavuniya 34 13 14 15 4 1 3
Mullaitivu 16 4 5 2 2 1
Kilinochchi 14 4 13 2 2 2 1
Batticaloa 83 36 35 29 12 10 9 1 3
Ampara 43 27 25 29 9 5 9 1 3
Trincomalee 56 16 27 15 4 7 2 3
Kalmunai 115 30 24 32 11 5 11 4
Kurunegala 212 87 102 86 29 23 15 4 40
Puttalam 77 39 42 38 9 7 6 2 12
Anuradhapura 129 53 80 47 19 12 10 5 15
Polonnaruwa 53 37 27 26 11 10 7 3
Badulla 113 59 80 51 21 17 11 2 13
Moneragala 66 25 38 24 7 5 5 12
Ratnapura 135 59 52 54 23 13 10 2 19
Kegalle 120 49 44 41 14 7 5 16
Total 2,819 1,493 1,192 1,465 649 452 271 65 366
(a) Provisional Source : Medical Statistics Unit,
(b) Includes Medical Officers in Administrative Grade and Specialists. Ministry of Healthcare & Nutrition
(c) Includes Regional Dental Surgeons and Consultant Dental Surgeons.
(d) Includes Supervising Public Health Nursing Sisters, Public Health Nursing Sisters and Pupil Nurses.
(e) Supervising Public Health Nursing Sisters/Public Health Nursing Sisters.
(f) Includes Supervising Public Health Inspectors.
158
Table 13.25
Activities of Health Campaigns 2006 2015
Item 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(a)
Sexually Transmitted Diseases

Patients Examined, 000 15.9 15.7 16.8 17.2 13.7 19.3 15.5 19.6 22.1 22.9
Positive Cases, 000 10.2 9.5 10.0 10.5 8.3 11.7 9.0 10.5 10.9 11.0
Personnel Strength Doctors 26 26 26 30 37 75 25 80 (b) 67 (b) 93 (b)
Others 128 128 128 98 99 339 98 350 (b) 328 (b) 378 (b)
Expenditure, Rs. Mn. 39.0 53.5 51.8 (c) 58.7 (c) 69.4 (c) 75.2 75.1 158 (b) 196 (b) 263 (b)

Malaria
Patients Examined, 000 1,076.1 1,044.4 1,047.1 909.6 1,001.1 994.5 948.2 988.7 1,069.8 1,142.4
Positive Cases, 000 0.6 0.2 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.1 ... 0.0 (d) 0.0 (d) 0.0 (d)
Personnel Strength Doctors 18 19 27 29 23 24 19 25 23 24
Others 2,675 2,403 2,227 2,084 1,861 1,858 1,734 1,712 1,627 1,611
Expenditure, Rs. Mn. 898.4 150.0 207.0 204.0 335.0 556.0 (e) 414.0 (e) 429.0 (e) 465.0 (e) 532.0 (e)

Leprosy
Patients Examined, 000 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.
Positive Cases, 000 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.1 1.9 2.2 2.1 2.3 2.1
Personnel Strength Doctors (f) 10 10 10 8 7 6 11 9 12 13
Others (f) 97 69 71 60 63 75 67 65 67 87
Expenditure, Rs. Mn. 41.0 40.0 35.8 32.9 42.1 38.5 50.3 64.8 66.2 87.1

Respiratory Diseases
Patients Examined, 000 n.a. 149.4 56.2 91.4 106.3 139.8 150.5 157.5 162.9 216.5
Sputum Positive TB Patients, 000 4.4 4.4 4.7 4.8 4.6 4.5 4.3 4.4 4.3 4.7 (g)
Personnel Strength Doctors 100 100 115 81 150 569 109 (h) 37 (i) 39 (i) 47 (i)
Others 476 476 505 487 677 516 545 (h) 133 (i) 153 (i) 136 (i)
Expenditure, Rs. Mn. n.a. n.a. 332.3 454.0 555.0 514.0 561.3 213.9 289.0 267.3

Filariasis
Patients Examined, 000 514.5 559.3 513.4 494.7 482.9 411.6 373.1 420.0 344.9 337.9
Positive Cases, 000 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1
Personnel Strength Doctors (j) 5 5 5 6 6 5 10 9 8 6
Others (j) 26 30 20 25 25 27 24 27 25 23
Expenditure, Rs. Mn. n.a. n.a. n.a. 13.7 (k) 21.9 (k) 23.1 (k) 28.4 35.7 38.8 44.0
(a) Provisional. Sources : STD / AIDS Control Programme

(b) National STD/AIDS control programme. Anti-Malaria Campaign
(c) Expenditure for Central STD clinic only. Anti-Leprosy Campaign
(d) No indigenous malaria cases reported. Respiratory Disease Control Programme
(e) Figures stated represent expenditure borne by Anti Malaria Campaign Directorate and Anti-Filariasis Campaign.
provinces. This excludes expenditure for Hambantota, Anuradhapura and Ratnapura
districts, because the authorities are unable to give the specific amounts spent on malaria
control.
(f) Only Central Campaign.
(g) Includes new and retreatment patients diagnosed by sputum smear, culture or WRD.
In 2013 and 2014 only the sputum smear positive new cases were considered
(h) Includes staff of Central Unit, NHRD Welisara, National Tuberculosis Reference
Laboratory, Central Drug Stores, Chest Clinics Colombo and Gampaha.
(i) Includes staff of Central Unit, National Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory, Central Drug
Stores, Chest Clinics Colombo and Gampaha.
(j) Includes only campaign staff.
(k) Includes expenditure of Central government only.
n.a. Not available

Negligible
159
Table 13.26
Postal Services 2006 2015
Item 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(a)
Main Post Offices (No.) 636 641 643 643 648 648 651 651 653 653
Sub Post Offices (No.) 3,407 3,412 3,410 3,410 3,410 3,410 3,411 3,375 3,410 3,410
Agency Post Offices (No.) 684 684 684 684 684 684 676 602 629 629
Delivery Areas (No.) 6,729 6,729 6,729 6,729 6,729 6,729 6,729 6,729 6,729 6,729
Area Served by a
Post Office (Sq. km.) 14 14 14 14 14 14 13 14 14 14
Population Served by a
Post Office 4,231 4,252 4,311 4,311 4,312 4,330 4,641 4,378 4,332 4,332
Letters Per Inhabitant 25 23 21 21 21 14 13 13 16 16
Domestic Mail, 000
Letters
479,322 306,248 238,400 236,852 291,294 201,647 203,135 272,729 341,225 365,249
Post Cards 24,423 16,503 11,531 12,250 14,742 12,654 13,025 10,992 9,538 10,024
Newspapers &
Printed Materials 21,962 63,311 82,711 79,525 14,773 15,512 14,003 15,356 13,101 13,769
Express 355 222 198 212 95 86 91 86 82 86
Insured 185 201 162 281 28 36 33 31 83 87
Registered 32,309 33,651 32,413 59,426 19,149 28,698 30,954 21,418 35,183 36,987
Parcels
Parcels (Ordinary) Paid 1,536 712 1,210 1,194 438 320 323 202 294 261
Parcels (Ordinary) Other 62 58 125 134 75
Foreign Mail (Outward), 000

Sea
Letters 82 73 72 69 76 74 71 72 80 64
Post Cards 36 31 29 34 19 21 23 25 20 11
Newspapers &
Printed Materials 37 29 27 31 56 53 52 43 55 41
Small Packets / Parcels 40 37 33 38 33 4 3 6 16 9
Air
Aerogrames 2,131 2,023 2,213 2,122 63 42

Letters
31,751 30,740 24,997 27,356 4,526 5,382 4,748 4,885 2,020 1,587
Post Cards 3,629 3,115 3,025 3,451 6,631 7,329 7,163 7,041 829 862
Newspapers &
Printed Materials 1,066 924 917 840 134 143 156 144 219 196
Foreign Mail (Inward), 000

Sea
Letters 72 68 65 67 62 59 57 62 210 187
Post Cards 49 46 43 40 31 28 29 34 3 1
Newspapers &
Printed Materials 58 56 59 57 43 39 37 47 91 74

Air
Letters
27,852 28,258 20,745 22,498 19,315 20,167 20,489 20,642 1,805 1,346
Post Cards 2,841 2,540 2,420 2,765 2,165 3,154 2,932 2,687 25 27
Newspapers &
Printed Materials 1,570 1,518 1,492 1,623 1,456 1,569 1,635 1,559 225 187
Small Packets / Parcels 421 411 408 422 410 27 32 25 840 2,011
(a) Provisional. Source : Department of Posts
160
Table 13.27
Telecommunication Services 2006 2015
Item 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(a)
Fixed Access Services

Subcriber Base (000) 1,884 2,742 3,446 3,436 3,535 3,608 3,449 2,707 2,710 2,601
Wireline Services (000) 910 932 934 872 897 942 999 1,062 1,123 1,128
Wireless Access Services (000) 974 1,810 2,513 2,564 2,638 2,667 2,450(b) 1,645(c) 1,587 1,473
Growth Rate of the Subscribers 51.4 45.5 25.7 -0.3 2.9 2.1 -4.4 -21.5 0.1 -4.0
Telephone Density (d)
(Telephones per 100 persons) 9.5 13.7 17.1 16.8 17.1 17.3 16.9 13.2 13.0 12.4

Other Services
Cellular Phones (000) 5,412 7,983 11,083 14,264 17,267 18,319 20,324 20,315(c) 22,123 24,385
Cellular Mobiles per 100 Persons 27 40 55 70 84 88 100 99 107 116
Public Pay Phone Booths 7,561 8,526 7,417 7,378 6,958 6,458 6,983 6,773 6,642 5,809
Internet Connections (e)
130,000 202,348 234,000 240,000 502,000 844,749 1,365,655 2,009,456 3,396,295 4,090,920
(a) Provisional Sources : Telecommunications Regulatory Commission of Sri Lanka

(b) Wireless Local Loop telephones declined in 2012 due the rectification of Central Bank of Sri Lanka
statistical reportings subsequent to the merger of two companies.
(c) Wireless Local Loop telephones and Cellular phones declined in 2013 due to a
revision in the classification of active subscribers in January 2013.
(d) Include Wireline Services and Wireless Services only
(e) Includes mobile internet connections from 2010 onwards
n.a. Not available
Table 13.28
Mass Media 2006 2015
Item 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(a)
Circulation of Newspapers (b)
Daily Newspapers, 000 155,650 173,579 161,578 164,547 170,240 173,255 228,269 334,348 345,029 383,129
Sinhala 116,426 118,721 117,136 123,245 126,730 128,163 156,375 210,805 206,979 226,490
Tamil 6,823 23,520 12,927 9,347 8,884 10,194 28,748 47,302 62,625 75,906
English 32,400 31,338 31,516 31,955 34,627 34,897 43,146 76,241 75,424 80,734
Copies per 000 persons
per day, No. 25 28 25 26 26 27 36 52 53 58

Weekly Newspapers, 000 77,322 98,266 88,696 82,801 80,295 88,281 90,403 106,574 117,544 124,949
Sinhala 56,299 69,537 66,178 62,096 62,948 70,453 66,710 68,699 74,960 80,811
Tamil 8,445 14,376 8,007 7,071 3,233 3,964 9,698 15,432 20,335 21,653
English 12,579 14,353 14,511 13,635 14,115 13,864 13,995 22,443 22,250 22,485
Copies per 000 persons
per week, No. 75 94 84 78 75 81 85 100 109 115

Televisions
No. of TV Channels 9 14 18 20 21 22 25 25 25 25

Radios
No. of Radio Services 21 39 56 48 51 51 54 54 54 53
(a) Provisional. Sources : Associated Newspapers of Ceylon Ltd.

(b) National newspapers only. Express Newspapers (Ceylon) Ltd.
Sumathi Publications
Upali Newspapers Ltd.
Wijeya Publications Ltd.
Ministry of Mass Media and Information
161
Table 13.29
Prisoners 2006 2015
Item 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Training Schools for Youthful Offenders

Admission 32 22 36 26 32 28 16 29 16 21
Average daily population 125 90 75 69 67 70 63 57 37 40

Admission to Prisons by Offence
Murder 284 321 124 108 96 103 125 118 136 175
Attempted Murder 133 144 166 121 149 113 144 115 95 74
Culpable Homicide and Attempted
Culpable Homicide 246 241 529 335 470 210 273 228 200 136
Kidnapping 19 12 2 11 87 6 11 14 43 6
Rape 174 235 319 227 250 166 273 244 281 211
Simple & Grievous Hurt 289 267 290 317 347 217 284 307 301 374
Criminal Force & Intimidation 60 64 46 31 85 18 17 21 29 50
Unlawful Intercourse & Attempt 31 24 65 163 208 142 195 33 14 35
Attempt Suicide & Abetment of Suicide 10 14 2 0 0 0 3 3 15 9
Burglary & Robbery 990 948 894 1,130 1,438 819 1,097 1,536 1,422 910
Trespass, House Breaking &
Possession of House Breaking Tools 531 615 550 868 502 488 636 656 606 485
Extortion & Looting 615 597 583 519 683 537 603 1,065 603 504
Cheating & Criminal Breach of Trust 299 321 344 321 493 405 501 885 513 369
Theft 1,217 1,191 1,216 1,268 1,356 1,282 1,893 1,780 1,689 1,218
Other Offences
23,834 26,312 28,436 32,453 25,964 22,512 22,336 23,755 21,641 19,530
Total 28,732 31,306 33,566 37,872 32,128 27,018 28,391 30,760 27,588 24,086

Admissions to Prisons by Length of Sentence
Under one Month 2,302 2,616 2,440 3,034 2,972 2,098 3,826 2,961 3,518 2,243
One Month to Six Months
11,544 11,812 13,647 12,973 11,150 11,147 13,192 15,013 12,559 12,317
Seven Month to One Year 4,535 5,285 6,895 8,566 6,424 5,706 4,984 6,003 5,421 5,509
One Year to Two Years 7,849 8,410 7,103 9,375 8,367 5,757 3,772 4,104 3,651 2,322
Three Years to Five Years 1,675 2,057 2,377 3,105 2,433 1,698 2,003 2,024 1,783 1,043
Six Years to Ten Years 434 580 576 453 415 357 296 352 311 205
Over Ten Years 393 546 528 366 367 255 318 303 345 447
Total 28,732 31,306 33,566 37,872 32,128 27,018 28,391 30,760 27,588 24,086

Death Sentences
Sentenced to Death 165 176 128 108 96 107 131 124 153 186
Death Sentences Commuted to
Imprisonment 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Awaiting Execution or Final Decision
for Commutation or Execution 165 176 128 108 96 107 131 124 153 186

Admission Rate
(Per 100,000 Population) 145 157 166 185 156 130 140 151 133 115
Source : Department of Prisons
162
Table 13.30
Prisoners by District 2011 2015
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

District
Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total
Colombo 10,060 274 10,334 n.a. n.a. 9,178 10,614 301 10,915 9,574 279 9,853 10,982 241 11,223
Gampaha 3,457 79 3,536 n.a. n.a. 3,895 4,647 97 4,744 4,160 90 4,250 1,577 89 1,666
Kalutara 1,453 43 1,496 n.a. n.a. 1,248 1,288 45 1,333 1,275 46 1,321 839 43 882
Kandy 839 40 879 n.a. n.a. 1,370 1,295 27 1,322 638 29 667 556 34 590
Matale 440 8 448 n.a. n.a. 482 401 11 412 540 9 549 401 17 418
Nuwara Eliya 412 4 416 n.a. n.a. 386 390 13 403 453 12 465 270 18 288
Galle 1,503 38 1,541 n.a. n.a. 1,711 1,553 66 1,619 1,513 76 1,589 962 49 1,011
Matara 410 11 421 n.a. n.a. 484 472 25 497 382 18 400 486 21 507
Hambantota 359 10 369 n.a. n.a. 377 348 4 352 307 8 315 81 1 82
Jaffna 260 24 284 n.a. n.a. 264 253 18 271 200 16 216 266 11 277
Mannar 80 8 88 n.a. n.a. 19 95 5 100 107 8 115 223 9 232
Vavuniya 128 9 137 n.a. n.a. 384 435 12 447 460 14 474 279 13 292
Mullaitivu 114 16 130 n.a. n.a. 50 108 3 111 205 8 213 256 8 264
Kilinochchi 106 13 119 n.a. n.a. 39 127 4 131 123 6 129 330 7 337
Batticaloa 336 14 350 n.a. n.a. 337 488 24 512 534 32 566 426 20 446
Ampara 359 17 376 n.a. n.a. 565 499 26 525 508 21 529 358 17 375
Trincomalee 288 8 296 n.a. n.a. 305 330 8 338 254 9 263 318 14 332
Kurunegala 1,631 52 1,683 n.a. n.a. 1,989 1,838 59 1,897 1,541 30 1,571 1,436 60 1,496
Puttalam 489 19 508 n.a. n.a. 1,000 961 34 995 685 32 717 573 21 594
Anuradhapura 1,051 17 1,068 n.a. n.a. 1,300 935 37 972 1,136 35 1,171 878 18 896
Polonnaruwa 338 14 352 n.a. n.a. 275 436 19 455 292 12 304 257 8 265
Badulla 477 11 488 n.a. n.a. 331 459 7 466 401 10 411 350 10 360
Moneragala 215 7 222 n.a. n.a. 300 414 13 427 279 1 280 203 7 210
Ratnapura 904 17 921 n.a. n.a. 1,326 836 19 855 729 28 757 477 13 490
Kegalle 536 20 556 n.a. n.a. 776 644 17 661 458 5 463 543 10 553
Total 26,245 773 27,018 n.a. n.a. 28,391 29,866 894 30,760 26,754 834 27,588 23,327 759 24,086
n.a. Not available Source : Department of Prisons
Total Prisoners by Province 2014/15
16,000
2014
12,000 2015
8,000
4,000
0
Western Central Southern Northern Eastern North North Uva Sabara-
Western Central gamuwa
163
Table 13.31
Selected Demography of Prisoners 2012 2015
2012 2013 2014 2015

Item
M F Total M F Total M F Total M F Total
Prisoners by Age Groups

Under 16 years 19 0 19 4 0 4 - - - - - -
16 to 40 years 15,944 608 16,552 18,650 549 19,199 16,491 504 16,995 14,263 347 14,610
41 to 60 years 10,743 299 11,042 10,570 328 10,898 9,852 300 10,152 8,618 390 9,008
Above 60 years 739 39 778 642 17 659 411 30 441 446 22 468

Prisoners by Educational Status
No Schooling 1,814 106 1,920 1,456 82 1,538 1,445 95 1,540 981 118 1,099
Grade 15 10,701 560 11,261 11,091 338 11,429 5,818 219 6,037 4,304 142 4,446
Passed Grade 8 7,938 195 8,133 9,037 238 9,275 12,721 414 13,135 13,663 327 13,990
Passed GCE (O/L) 3,768 66 3,834 4,412 161 4,573 3,359 78 3,437 2,957 122 3,079
Passed GCE (A/L) 1,058 15 1,073 1,275 51 1,326 1,052 24 1,076 1,315 39 1,354
Graduates 29 4 33 36 9 45 38 3 41 66 9 75
Other 2,137 0 2,137 2,559 15 2,574 2,321 1 2,322 41 2 43

Prisoners by Marital Status
Never Married 9,831 130 9,961 9,869 117 9,986 7,884 59 7,943 10,025 116 10,141
Married 16,249 713 16,962 18,593 622 19,215 17,398 555 17,953 12,179 473 12,652
Widowed 446 48 494 349 52 401 519 97 616 221 69 290
Divorced 408 29 437 622 35 657 659 76 735 508 52 560
Legally Separated 511 26 537 433 68 501 294 47 341 394 49 443

Prisoners by Ethnicity
Sinhalese n.a. n.a. 20,498 21,584 660 22,244 18,572 521 19,093 17,174 436 17,610
Tamil n.a. n.a. 4,058 4,428 164 4,592 4,283 176 4,459 3,261 212 3,473
Moor n.a. n.a. 3,618 3,560 63 3,623 3,633 126 3,759 2,860 90 2,950
Malay n.a. n.a. 58 60 4 64 55 2 57 8 9 17
Burgher n.a. n.a. 63 91 2 93 90 4 94 19 7 26
Other n.a. n.a. 96 143 1 144 121 5 126 5 5 10

Prisoners by Religion
Buddhist n.a. n.a. 18,134 19,324 567 19,891 17,089 441 17,530 16,158 362 16,520
Hindu n.a. n.a. 3,446 3,515 131 3,646 3,363 163 3,526 2,579 171 2,750
Islam n.a. n.a. 3,646 3,791 65 3,856 3,708 127 3,835 2,870 116 2,986
Roman Catholic n.a. n.a. 1,687 1,809 74 1,883 1,595 70 1,665 1,398 70 1,468
Other Christians n.a. n.a. 1,396 1,358 57 1,415 976 32 1,008 302 40 342
Others n.a. n.a. 82 69 0 69 23 1 24 20 - 20

Total Convicted Prisoners n.a. n.a. 28,391 29,866 894 30,760 26,754 834 27,588 23,327 759 24,086
M Male Source : Department of Prisons

F Female
n.a. Not available
164
SRI LANKA AND ASIA
Table 14.1
Demographic Indicators : SAARC Countries
Sri Afghanis- Bangla-
Indicator Ref. Year Bhutan India Maldives Nepal Pakistan
Lanka tan desh
Mid-year Population, Mn. 2000 19.1 21.0 129.3 0.6 1,019.0 0.3 22.6 140.0
2005 19.6 23.6 138.6 0.6 1,106.0 0.3 24.5 154.0
2010 20.7 26.0 148.6 0.7 1,186.0 0.4 26.3 173.5
2014 20.8 28.1 155.8 0.7 1,267.0 0.4 27.8 188.0
Population Growth, % 2005 1.1 1.5 1.5 1.3 1.5 3.3 1.4 1.9
2010 1.0 2.0 1.4 1.8 1.4 2.3 1.4 2.1
2014 0.9 2.2 1.4 1.7 1.2 3.6 1.4 2.0
Land Area (a), 000 Sq.km. 2015 62.7 652.9 130.2 38.1 2,973.2 0.3 143.4 770.9
Density of Population
[Persons per Sq. km.] 2014 334 (b) 43 1,060 19 393 2,739 187 236
Population by Age Groups, %
0 14 Years 2014 25.2 (b) 44.9 30.0 27.4 29.2 27.6 33.5 35.2
15 64 Years 2014 66.9 (b) 52.7 65.1 67.6 65.3 67.7 61.1 60.3
65 Years & Above 2014 7.9 (b) 2.4 5.0 5.0 5.5 4.7 5.4 4.5
Urban Population, % 2014 18.2 (c) 24.4 32.0 38.1 30.8 40.5 (d) 17.0 (e) 38.6
Crude Birth Rate, per 1,000 2013 16.0 (b) 34.1 20.0 19.6 20.4 22.0 21.0 25.2
Crude Death Rate, per 1,000 2013 6.3 (b) 7.8 5.7 6.5 7.9 3.4 6.7 6.9
Total Fertility Rate
[Births per Woman] 2013 2.3 4.9 2.2 2.2 2.5 2.3 2.3 3.2
Infant Mortality Rate
[per 1,000 Live Births]
2013 8 70 33 30 41 8 32 69
Maternal Mortality Rate
[per 100,000 Live Births] 2013 29 400 170 120 190 31 190 170
Expectation of Life at Birth, Years 2014 74.9 60.4 71.6 69.5 68.0 76.8 69.6 66.2
(a) Excluding area under inland water bodies. Sources : Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific 2015, ADB
(b) 2015 Human Development Report 2015, UNDP
(c) 2012 World Development Indicators 2015
(d) 2010 (World Bank - updated 2016/06/14)
(e) 2011 Department of Census and Statistics
Registrar Generals Department
Table 14.2
Demographic Indicators : Selected East Asian Countries
Indicator Ref. Year Indonesia Malaysia Philippines Rep. of Korea Singapore Thailand
Mid-year Population, Mn. 2000 206.3 23.5 76.8 47.0 4.0 62.2
2005 219.9 26.0 84.7 48.1 4.3 64.1
2010 238.5 28.6 92.3 49.4 5.1 65.9
2014 252.2 30.3 99.1 50.4 5.5 67.0
Population Growth, % 2005 1.3 2.1 1.9 0.2 2.4 0.6
2010 2.7 1.8 1.7 0.5 1.8 0.6
2014 1.3 1.2 1.7 0.4 1.3 0.4
Land Area(a), 000 Sq.km. 2015 1,811.6 328.6 298.2 120.4 0.7 510.9
Density of Population
[Persons per Sq. km.] 2014 132 92 330 504 7,615 131
Population by Age Groups, %
0 - 14 Years 2014 28.0 25.0 32.2 14.3 15.9 18.0
15 - 64 Years 2014 66.9 69.4 63.3 73.0 73.1 71.9
65 Years & Above 2014 5.1 5.6 4.5 12.7 11.1 10.1
Urban Population, % 2014 53.0 73.0 (b) 49.1 (c) 82.4 100.0 44.5 (b)
Crude Birth Rate, per 1,000 2013 18.8 17.7 24.4 8.6 9.3 10.2
Crude Death Rate, per 1,000 2013 6.2 4.7 6.0 5.3 4.6 7.7
Total Fertility Rate
[Births per Woman] 2013 2.3 2.0 3.0 1.2 1.2 1.4
Infant Mortality Rate
2013 25 7 24 3 2 11
Maternal Mortality Rate
2013 190 29 120 27 6 26
Expectation of Life at Birth, Years
2014 68.9 74.7 68.2 81.9 83.0 74.4
(a) Excluding area under inland water bodies. Sources : Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific 2015, ADB
(b) 2013 Human Development Report 2015, UNDP
(c) 2012 World Development Indicators 2015
(World Bank - updated 2016/06/14)
165
SRI LANKA AND ASIA
Table 14.3
National Accounts Indicators : SAARC Countries

Lanka (a) tan desh
Gross Domestic Product (GDP) (b), 2011 65,293 19,169 123,507 1,820 1,756,064 (c) 2,163 18,467 204,389 (c)
Mn US $ 2012 68,434 21,331 128,898 1,824 1,731,394 (c) 2,224 17,927 207,308 (c)
2013 74,294 21,617 153,505 1,781 1,787,969 (c) 2,307 18,227 211,521 (c)
2014 80,028 (d)(e) 21,121 173,066 1,892,551 (c) 2,569 19,508 236,439 (c)

GDP Per Capita (b), US$ 2011 3,129 723 825 2,570 1,551 5,323 694 1,195
2012 3,351 790 850 2,531 1,514 5,296 664 1,188
2013 3,610 786 999 2,430 1,548 5,309 666 1,194
2014 3,853 (d)(e) 752 1,111 1,622 5,709 703 1,319

GDP Per Capita at PPP, US$ 2011 8,112 1,948 2,643 7,116 4,880 9,115 2,085 4,239
2012 8,972 2,159 2,830 7,480 5,153 9,097 2,195 4,377
2013 9,692 2,290 3,003 7,616 5,521 9,342 2,298 4,546
2014 10,461 2,324 3,173 8,077 5,890 9,779 2,432 4,714

Growth Rate of Real GDP, % 2011 8.4 8.7 6.5 7.9 6.7 6.5 3.4 3.6
2012 9.1 10.9 6.5 5.1 5.1 1.3 4.8 3.8
2013 3.4 6.4 6.0 2.0 6.9 4.7 4.1 3.7
2014 4.9 (d)(e) 2.2 6.1 7.3 6.8 5.4 4.0

Sectoral Composition of GDP(b)(f), %

Agriculture 2011 8.8 28.0 (c) 17.7 (g) 17.1 18.4 (c) 3.9 37.1 26.0 (c)
2012 7.4 26.4 (c) 17.1 (g) 17.0 18.0 (c) 3.6 35.2 24.5 (c)
2013 7.7 25.6 (c) 16.3 (g) 17.1 18.0 (c) 3.9 33.8 24.8 (c)
2014 8.0 (d)(e) 25.2 (c) 16.1 (g) n.a. 17.0 (c) 3.5 32.5 25.0 (c)

Industry 2011 28.0 22.4 (c) 26.4 (g) 43.0 33.1 (c) 17.9 14.9 21.2 (c)
2012 30.1 21.3 (c) 26.7 (g) 44.3 31.9 (c) 18.6 15.0 22.1 (c)
2013 29.2 20.5 (c) 27.6 (g) 44.6 30.7 (c) 16.7 15.2 21.0 (c)
2014 28.6 (d)(e) 21.7 (c) 27.6 (g) n.a. 30.0 (c) 18.1 15.1 20.9 (c)

Services 2011 55.1 49.6 (c) 55.9 (g) 39.9 48.5 (c) 78.1 48.0 52.7 (c)
2012 55.6 52.3 (c) 56.2 (g) 38.8 50.0 (c) 77.8 49.8 53.4 (c)
2013 56.4 53.9 (c) 56.1 (g) 38.3 51.3 (c) 79.5 51.0 54.2 (c)
2014 56.7 (d)(e) 53.1 (c) 56.3 (g) n.a. 53.0 (c) 78.4 52.4 54.1 (c)

Consumption, Investment and Savings, % of GDP (b)

Private Consumption 2011 71.3 91.4 74.3 41.1 57.6 n.a. 76.5 81.1
2012 65.2 84.1 73.7 43.8 58.8 n.a. 78.3 82.4
2013 67.6 80.6 72.8 51.1 59.7 n.a. n.a. 80.8
2014 67.7 (e) 80.5 72.6 n.a. 60.1 n.a. n.a. 80.7

Government Consumption 2011 8.6 12.3 5.1 20.1 11.2 n.a. 9.6 9.7
2012 7.6 12.1 5.0 19.2 10.9 n.a. 10.8 10.5
2013 7.8 11.7 5.1 17.5 11.3 n.a. n.a. 11.0
2014 8.3 (e) 12.4 5.3 n.a. 11.4 n.a. n.a. 10.8

Gross Domestic Capital Formation 2011 33.4 15.8 27.4 67.7 38.2 n.a. 38.0 14.1
2012 39.1 16.4 28.3 67.9 36.9 n.a. 34.5 15.1
2013 33.2 17.0 28.4 47.3 32.0 n.a. n.a. 15.0
2014 32.0 (e) 17.7 28.6 n.a. 30.8 n.a. n.a. 15.0

Gross Domestic Savings 2011 20.2 -3.7 20.6 38.8 33.9 n.a. 14.0 9.1
2012 27.2 3.8 21.2 37.0 n.a. n.a. 11.0 7.1
2013 24.6 7.8 22.0 31.4 n.a. n.a. n.a. 8.2
2014 24.0 (e) 7.1 22.1 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 8.5

Gross National Savings 2011 26.3 n.a. 28.9 42.6 n.a. n.a. 37.0 21.0
2012 33.3 n.a. 29.9 38.4 n.a. n.a. 39.5 20.4
2013 29.9 n.a. 30.5 30.2 n.a. n.a. 40.7 21.6
2014 29.5 (e) n.a. 29.2 n.a. n.a. n.a. 45.1 22.3
(a) The data is based on the base year 2010 (e) Provisional Sources : Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific 2015, ADB
GDP estimates of the Department of (f) For Sri Lanka, excluding taxes less Department of Census and Statistics
Census and Statistics subsidies on products (GDP = the sum
(b) Estimates at current market prices. of the gross value added at basic prices,
plus all taxes on products, less all
(c) Estimates at current factor cost prices. subsidies on products).
(d) Revised (g) Estimates at current producers prices.
n.a. Not available
166
SRI LANKA AND ASIA
Table 14.4
National Accounts Indicators : Selected East Asian Countries
Gross Domestic Product (GDP) (a),

2011 892,970 297,952 224,143 1,202,455 275,365 370,589
Mn US $
2012 917,872 314,443 250,091 1,222,776 289,936 397,484

2013 910,479 323,343 271,929 1,305,548 302,246 420,165

2014 888,540 338,104 284,778 1,410,330 307,860 404,834
GDP Per Capita (a), US$ 2011 3,690 10,252 2,380 24,156 53,121 5,597
2012 3,740 10,656 2,611 24,454 54,577 5,978
2013 3,659 10,809 2,792 25,997 55,979 6,294
2014 3,524 11,173 2,874 27,970 56,284 6,042
GDP Per Capita at PPP, US$ 2011 8,974 21,498 5,773 31,327 74,949 13,796
2012 9,550 22,797 6,169 32,022 76,988 15,087
2013 10,093 23,933 6,599 33,089 80,295 15,676
2014 10,613 25,499 6,991 34,356 82,763 15,929
Growth Rate of Real GDP, % 2011 6.2 5.3 3.7 3.7 6.2 0.8
2012 6.0 5.5 6.7 2.3 3.4 7.3
2013 5.6 4.7 7.1 2.9 4.4 2.8
2014 5.0 6.0 6.1 3.3 2.9 0.9

Sectoral Composition of GDP, % (a)
Agriculture 2011 13.8 11.6 (b) 12.7 2.5 0.0 11.6
2012 13.7 9.9 (b) 11.8 2.5 0.0 11.6
2013 13.7 9.2 (b) 11.2 2.3 0.0 11.3
2014 13.7 9.0 (b) 11.3 2.3 0.0 10.5
Industry 2011 44.8 40.2 (b) 31.3 38.4 26.3 38.1

2012 44.6 40.6 (b) 31.2 38.1 26.4 37.5
2013 43.6 40.3 (b) 31.2 38.4 24.8 37.0
2014 42.9 40.4 (b) 31.4 38.2 24.9 36.8
Services 2011 41.4 48.2 (b) 55.9 59.1 73.6 50.3

2012 41.8 49.5 (b) 56.9 59.5 73.6 51.0
2013 42.6 50.5 (b) 57.6 59.3 75.1 51.7
2014 43.3 50.6 (b) 57.3 59.4 75.0 52.7

Consumption, Investment and Savings, % of GDP (a)
Private Consumption
2011 54.4 48.0 73.5 51.0 35.8 52.9

2012 55.3 49.7 74.2 51.4 36.5 52.8

2013 56.2 51.8 73.3 50.9 36.7 52.0

2014 56.1 52.4 72.4 50.4 36.8 52.3
Government Consumption 2011 9.1 13.3 9.7 14.6 9.7 16.1

2012 9.2 13.8 10.8 14.8 9.3 16.4
2013 9.5 13.7 10.8 15.0 10.1 16.9
2014 9.5 13.3 10.4 15.1 10.0 17.1
Gross Domestic Capital Formation

2011 33.0 23.2 20.5 33.0 27.3 26.8

2012 35.1 25.7 18.2 31.0 30.0 28.2

2013 34.0 25.9 20.0 29.1 29.0 27.5

2014 34.7 25.0 20.9 29.2 27.6 24.1
Gross Domestic Savings

2011 36.5 38.8 16.8 34.5 53.7 28.5

2012 35.4 36.5 14.9 33.8 52.6 28.9

2013 34.3 34.5 15.8 34.1 52.2 30.1

2014 34.4 34.3 17.2 34.5 52.1 30.7
Gross National Savings

2011 34.2 34.1 37.2 34.7 49.2 29.2

2012 33.0 30.9 36.0 34.4 47.2 27.9

2013 31.8 29.4 38.1 34.5 46.9 27.0

2014 31.7 29.3 39.0 34.9 46.7 27.4
(a) Estimates at current market prices. Source : Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific 2015, ADB
(b) Estimates at current producers prices.
167
SRI LANKA AND ASIA
Table 14.5
Agricultural and Industrial Indicators : SAARC Countries
Indicator Ref. Year Sri Lanka Afghanistan Bangladesh Bhutan India Maldives Nepal Pakistan
Agriculture
Arable Land (Agrucultural), 2000 14.6 11.8 64.1 2.7 54.1 10.0 16.4 40.3
% of Total Land Area 2013 20.7 11.9 59.0 2.6 52.8 13.0 14.7 39.5
Forest Area, % of Total Land Area 2000 35.0 2.1 11.3 65.5 22.0 3.3 27.2 2.7
2015 33.0 2.1 11.0 72.3 23.8 3.3 25.4 1.9
Permanent Cropland, % of 2000 15.9 0.1 3.5 0.5 3.1 16.7 0.8 0.9
Total Land Area 2013 15.9 0.2 6.4 0.3 4.4 10.0 1.5 1.1
Arable Land per Capita, Hectares 2000 0.05 0.39 0.06 0.19 0.15 0.01 0.10 0.22
2013 0.06 0.25 0.05 0.13 0.12 0.01 0.08 0.17
Share of Agriculture in GDP, % (a) 2013 7.7 25.6(b) 16.3(c) 17.1 18.0(b) 3.9 33.8 24.8(b)
2014 8.0(d)(e) 25.2(b) 16.1(c) n.a. 17.0(b) 3.5 32.5 25.0(b)
Index of Agricultural Production
(20042006 = 100) 2013 136.1 119.9 136.0 97.2 139.8 63.5 130.4 94.2
Paddy Production / World Paddy
Production (f), % 2014 0.46 0.07 7.05 0.01 21.22 0.68 0.95
Yield of Paddy Production 2000 3,437 2,000 3,484 1,704 2,851 2,703 3,031
per Hectare, kg. 2014 3,838 2,441 4,419 3,764 3,622 3,394 2,423
Per Capita Paddy Production, kg. 2000 150 12 291 74 125 187 51
2014 158 17 330 100 124 179 38
Industry
Share of Manufacturing in GDP, % (a) 2013 18.0 11.0 16.4 8.5 17.3 5.4 5.9 14.1
2014 17.6 11.2 16.6 17.2 5.1 5.8 13.9
Index of Manufacturing 2014 n.a. n.a. 213.2(g) n.a. 186.0(h) n.a. 124.1(i) 121.7(g)
Electricity Consumption 1990 150 21(j) 50 254 270 113 40 270
Per Capita, kWh 2012 562(k) 81(l) 280 977(m) 760 531(n) 120 450
Energy Use, (kilotons of oil equivalent) 2000 8,327 n.a. 18,591 1,066 457,198 158 8,108 64,067
2012 11,268 n.a. 33,172 1,366(o) 788,126 292(o) 10,100 85,758
(a) Estimates at current market prices (f) World Paddy Production 2014 : 740,955,972 MT Sources : Key Indicators for Asia
(b) Estimates at current factor cost prices (g) 2005/06 = 100 and the Pacific 2015, ADB
(c) Estimates at current producers prices (h) 2004/05 = 100 (l) 2013 World Development Indicators 2015
(d) Provisional (i) 2009/10 = 100 (m) 2005 (World Bank - updated 2016/06/14)
(e) Revised (j) 2001 (n) 2014 FAOSTAT Database Access website
n.a. Not available (k) 2015 (o) 2010 (www.faostat.fao.org)
Table 14.6
Agricultural and Industrial Indicators : Selected East Asian Countries
Agriculture
Arable Land (Agrucultural), 2000 11.3 2.9 16.9 17.8 1.5 30.6
% of Total Land Area 2013 13.0 2.9 18.7 15.3 0.8 32.9
Forest Area, % of Total Land Area 2000 54.9 65.7 23.6 65.2 24.4 33.3
2015 50.2 67.6 27.0 63.4 23.1 32.1
Permanent Cropland, % of 2000 8.6 17.6 15.8 2.1 0.3 6.6
Total Land Area 2013 12.4 20.1 17.9 2.2 0.1 8.8
Arable Land per Capita, Hectares 2000 0.10 0.04 0.06 0.04 0.00 0.25
2013 0.09 0.03 0.06 0.03 0.00 0.25
Share of Agriculture in GDP, % (a) 2013 13.7 9.2 (b) 11.2 2.3 0.0 11.3
2014 13.7 9.0 (b) 11.3 2.3 0.0 10.5
Index of Agricultural Production
(20042006 = 100) 2013 136.8 121.5 121.0 103.9 112.1 128.2
Paddy Production / World Paddy
Production (c), % 2014 9.56 0.36 2.56 0.76 4.40
Yield of Paddy Production 2000 4,401 3,064 3,068 6,711 2,613
per Hectare, kg. 2014 5,135 3,835 4,002 6,913 3,011
Per Capita Paddy Production, kg. 2000 252 91 161 153 415
2014 280 88 189 114 485
Industry
Share of Manufacturing in GDP, % (a) 2013 21.0 22.8 20.4 28.2 17.3 27.7
2014 21.0 22.9 20.6 27.6 17.4 27.7
Index of Manufacturing 2014 120.4 (d) 123.0 (e) 122.7 (f) 108.3 (d) 104.7 (g) 167.7 (f)
Electricity Consumption 1990 170 1,150 360 2,370 4,980 710
Per Capita, kWh 2012 730 4,310 670 10,350 8,690 2,480
Energy Use, (kilotons of oil equivalent)
2000 154,768 47,110 39,872 188,161 18,692 72,284
2012 213,587 81,234 42,551 263,442 25,053 126,557
(a) Estimates at current market prices n.a. Not available Sources : Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific 2015, ADB
(b) Estimates at current producers prices World Development Indicators 2015
(c) World Paddy Production 2014 : 740,955,972 MT (World Bank - updated 2016/06/14)
(d) 2010 = 100 (e) 2005 = 100 FAOSTAT Database Access website
(f) 2000 = 100 (g) 2011 = 100 168 (www.faostat.fao.org)
SRI LANKA AND ASIA
Table 14.7
Inflation(a) : Sri Lanka and Selected Countries
Percentage
Country 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
SAARC Countries
Sri Lanka (b) 22.6 3.5 6.2 6.7 7.6 6.9 3.3 0.9
Afghanistan 26.4 6.8 2.2 11.8 6.4 7.4 4.7 -1.5
Bangladesh 8.9 4.9 9.4 11.5 6.2 7.5 7.0 6.4
Bhutan 6.3 7.1 4.8 8.6 10.1 8.6 9.6 7.2
India 9.2 10.6 9.5 9.5 9.9 9.4 5.9 4.9
Maldives 12.0 4.5 6.2 11.3 10.9 4.0 2.5 1.4
Nepal 6.7 12.6 9.6 9.6 8.3 9.9 9.0 7.2
Pakistan 12.0 19.6 10.1 13.7 11.0 7.4 8.6 4.5
East Asian Countries (Selected)
Indonesia 9.8 5.0 5.1 5.3 4.0 6.4 6.4 6.4

Malaysia 5.4 0.6 1.7 3.2 1.7 2.1 3.1 2.1
Philippines 8.2 4.2 3.8 4.7 3.2 2.9 4.2 1.4
Republic of Korea 4.7 2.8 2.9 4.0 2.2 1.3 1.3 0.7
Singapore 6.6 0.6 2.8 5.2 4.6 2.4 1.0 -0.5
Thailand 5.5 -0.9 3.3 3.8 3.0 2.2 1.9 -0.9
Industrial Countries (Selected)

Japan 1.4 -1.3 -0.7 -0.3 0.0 0.4 2.7 0.8

United Kingdom (c) 3.6 2.2 3.3 4.5 2.8 2.6 1.5 0.1
United States 3.8 -0.3 1.6 3.1 2.1 1.5 1.6 0.1
(a) Percentage change of annual average Consumer Price Index. Sources : World Economic Outlook April 2016 IMF
(b) 2006 to 2008 Colombo Consumer Price Index (2002 = 100) Department of Census and Statistics
2009 onwards Colombo Consumer Price Index (2006/07 = 100)
(c) Based on Eurostats Harmonized Index of Consumer Prices.
Inflation SAARC Countries : 201115

14
10
Per cent
-2
Sri Lanka Afghanistan Bangladesh Bhutan India Maldives Nepal Pakistan
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
169
SRI LANKA AND ASIA
Table 14.8
External Trade and Finance Indicators : SAARC Countries
Exports, Mn. US $ 2012 9,774 535 296,424 162 960 22,798

(-7.4) (-20.7) (-2.0) (26.8) (4.5) (-10.1)
2013 10,394 544 314,823 167 860 25,125
6.4 (1.6) (6.2) (3.0) (-10.4) (10.2)
2014 11,130 319,695 145 975 24,714
7.1 (1.5) (-13.0) (13.4) (-1.6)
Exports Per Capita, US $ 2012 479 723 240 475 35 127

2013 505 725 251 476 31 138
2014 536 252 414 35 133

Imports, Mn. US $ 2012 19,190 993 489,361 1,554 6,500 42,926
(-5.3) (-4.8) (5.3) (6.1) (12.6) (-2.4)
2013 18,003 909 463,190 1,733 6,460 44,593
(-6.2) (-8.5) (-5.3) (11.5) (-0.6) (3.9)
2014 19,417 461,232 1,993 7,570 45,801
7.9 (-0.4) (14.9) (17.2) (2.7)

Imports Per Capita, US $ 2012 940 1,343 396 4,571 237 240
2013 875 1,212 370 4,953 232 245
2014 935 364 5,693 269 247

Export / Import Ratio 2012 0.51 0.54 0.61 0.10 0.15 0.53
2013 0.58 0.60 0.68 0.10 0.13 0.56
2014 0.57 0.69 0.07 0.13 0.54

Balance of Trade (a), 2012 -9,417 -458 -192,937 -1,393 -5,540 -20,129
Mn, US $ 2013 -7,609 -366 -148,367 -1,567 -5,600 -19,468
2014 -8,287 -141,537 -1,848 -6,595 -21,087

Current A/c Balance, 2012 -3,982 -7,570 3,216 -382 -91,471 -186 577 -2,342
Mn, US $ 2013 -2,541 -7,524 2,366 -504 -49,226 -120 1,160 -4,416
2014 -1,988 -471 -31,289 -191 -3,544

Total Reserves Minus 2012 6,378 5,983 12,031 955 270,587 318 4,307 10,242
Gold, Mn, US $ 2013 6,611 6,442 17,564 991 276,493 382 5,294 5,156
2014 7,316 6,681 21,785 1,245 303,455 627 6,027 11,807

External Debt, Mn, US $ 2013 39,905 2,577 27,804 1,480 427,562 821 3,833 56,461

External Debt Service /
Exports Ratio, % (b) 2013 26.8 0.6 5.2 11.0 8.6 2.5 8.7 26.3

Exchange Rate for US $ (c) 2012 127.60 50.92 81.86 53.44 53.44 15.37 85.20 93.40
2013 129.11 55.38 78.10 58.60 58.60 15.37 92.99 101.63
2014 130.56 57.25 77.64 61.03 61.03 15.38 99.53 101.10
(a) Exports less imports Sources : International Financial Statistics, Yearbook 2015, IMF
(b) Total debt service includes principal and interest payments on long term debt, Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific 2015, ADB
interest payments on short term debt, and IMF repurchases and charges. Central Bank of Sri Lanka
(c) Units of domestic currency (annual average) per US dollar.
Note : Annual change (%) is given within parenthesis.
170
SRI LANKA AND ASIA
Table 14.9
External Trade and Finance Indicators : Selected East Asian Countries
Exports, Mn. US $
2012 188,516 227,480 52,099 547,879 408,361 227,858
(-6.0) (-0.3) (7.9) (-1.3) (-0.2) (3.6)

2013 182,659 228,504 53,977 559,632 410,286 224,881
(-3.1) (0.4) (3.6) (2.1) (0.5) (-1.3)

2014 176,341 234,082 61,885 572,665 409,536 225,206
(-3.5) (2.4) (14.7) (2.3) (-0.2) (0.1)

Exports Per Capita, US $
2012 764 7,780 539 11,181 77,049 3,412

2013 731 7,689 549 11,361 75,838 3,356

2014 698 7,754 618 11,567 74,191 3,350

Imports, Mn. US $
2012 190,992 196,412 65,837 519,585 379,734 251,362
(8.0) (4.8) (2.7) (-0.9) (3.9) (9.8)

2013 186,351 205,876 65,134 515,586 373,022 249,212
(-2.4) (4.8) (-1.1) (-0.8) (-1.8) (-0.9)
2014 178,182 208,688 67,551 525,515 366,016 228,156
(-4.4) (1.4) (3.7) (1.9) (-1.9) (-8.4)

Imports Per Capita, US $ 2012 774 6,717 681 10,604 71,648 3,763
2013 746 6,927 662 10,467 68,950 3,719
2014 705 6,912 675 10,614 66,307 3,394

Export / Import Ratio 2012 0.99 1.16 0.79 1.05 1.08 0.91
2013 0.98 1.11 0.83 1.09 1.10 0.90
2014 0.99 1.12 0.92 1.09 1.12 0.99

Balance of Trade (a), 2012 -2,476 31,068 -13,738 28,294 28,627 -23,505
Mn, US $ 2013 -3,692 22,628 -11,157 44,046 37,264 -24,331
2014 -1,841 25,394 -5,666 47,150 43,520 -2,950

Current A/c Balance, 2012 -24,418 18,638 6,950 50,835 49,774 -1,458
Mn, US $ 2013 -29,102 11,732 11,384 81,148 54,084 -3,781
2014 12,650 89,220 58,772 13,123

Total Reserves Minus 2012 108,837 137,784 73,478 323,207 259,094 173,328
Gold, Mn, US $ 2013 96,364 133,444 75,689 341,650 272,864 161,328
2014 108,836 114,572 72,057 358,785 256,643 151,253

External Debt, Mn, US $ 2013 259,069 213,129 60,609 425,449 135,379

External Debt Service /
Exports Ratio, % (b) 2013 19.4 3.5 7.7 4.4

Exchange Rate for US $ (c) 2012 9,387 3.09 42.23 1,127 1.25 31.08
2013 10,461 3.15 42.45 1,095 1.25 30.73
2014 11,865 3.27 44.40 1,053 1.27 32.48
(a) Exports less imports Sources : International Financial Statistics, Yearbook 2015, IMF
(b) Total debt service includes principal and interest payments on long term debt, Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific 2015, ADB
interest payments on short term debt, and IMF repurchases and charges.
(c) Units of domestic currency (annual average) per US dollar.
n.a. Not available
Note : Annual change (%) is given within parenthesis.
171
SRI LANKA AND ASIA
Table 14.10
Monetary and Fiscal Indicators : SAARC Countries
Reserve Money, Mn. US $ 2012 3,809 3,979 13,399 350 266,170 532 3,329 24,869
2013 3,737 4,207 15,591 355 260,706 625 3,837 25,631
2014 4,410 4,680 17,851 549 278,845 812 4,051 27,509

Narrow Money, Mn. US $ 2012 3,539 6,121 14,854 608 330,843 549 3,104 62,291
2013 3,706 6,192 16,545 551 321,449 676 3,351 67,181
2014 4,671 6,644 18,991 684 345,418 727 3,567 79,671

Broad Money, Mn. US $ 2012 20,393 6,499 70,871 1,048 1,465,938 1,302 13,567 106,105
2013 23,394 6,545 84,111 962 1,490,053 1,536 14,616 110,492
2014 26,407 6,945 95,094 1,184 1,610,764 1,764 16,931 129,686

% of GDP 2012 29.7 31.2 53.6 58.9 86.8 58.5 78.0 53.2
2013 31.9 31.0 54.5 57.0 88.0 66.8 85.5 54.3
2014 33.1 33.2 55.2 88.3 68.8 86.7 54.5

Composition of Broad Money (%)
Currency 2014 9.5 46.9 11.0 9.0 13.1 9.9 14.5 22.2
Demand Deposits 2014 8.2 48.7 9.2 53.6 8.6 31.4 8.1 56.4
Quasi-Money 2014 82.3 4.3 79.8 37.4 78.3 58.8 77.3 21.4

% Change of Money (a)
Narrow Money 2013 7.7 9.9 8.5 2.3 9.8 23.6 21.9 17.3
2014 26.3 9.5 15.1 27.0 9.9 7.5 6.7 12.7

Broad Money 2013 18.0 9.4 15.6 3.7 14.9 18.4 21.7 13.3
2014 13.1 8.3 13.3 25.9 10.6 14.7 16.1 11.6

Causal Factors in Broad Money, Mn. US $

Net Foreign Assets 2014 2,428 8,423 20,534 851 347,709 815 6,030 9,688
Domestic Credit 2014 29,937 -496 81,837 826 1,590,179 1,689 13,228 105,006
Net Other Items 2014 -5,958 -982 -12,488 -676 -268,010 -740 -3,499 -17,431

Money Multiplier (b)
for Narrow Money 2012 0.9 1.5 1.1 1.7 1.2 1.0 0.9 2.5
2013 1.0 1.5 1.1 1.6 1.2 1.1 0.9 2.6
2014 1.1 1.4 1.1 1.2 1.2 0.9 0.9 2.9

for Broad Money 2012 5.4 1.6 5.3 3.0 5.5 2.4 4.1 4.3
2013 6.3 1.6 5.4 2.7 5.7 2.5 3.8 4.3
2014 6.0 1.5 5.3 2.2 5.8 2.2 4.2 4.7
Income Velocity of Money (c)
of Narrow Money 2012 20.0 3.4 8.9 2.9 5.1 4.1 5.6 3.2
2013 21.0 3.4 9.3 3.1 5.3 3.4 5.1 3.0
2014 19.8 3.1 9.1 5.3 3.5 5.5 3.0

of Broad Money 2012 3.6 3.2 1.9 1.7 1.2 1.7 1.3 1.9
2013 3.4 3.2 1.8 1.8 1.1 1.5 1.2 1.8
2014 3.2 3.0 1.8 1.1 1.5 1.2 1.8

Fiscal Operation Indicators, % of GDP

Revenue 2014 11.4 8.3 10.4 20.2 (d) 9.3 36.7 18.3 14.5
Total Expenditure 2014 17.2 24.8 14.0 35.0 (d) 13.4 41.7 19.6 20.5
Budget Surplus (+) / Deficit (-) 2014 -5.7 -1.7 3.6 -4.1 (d) -4.1 -4.0 -0.1 -4.8
(a) Percentage change of amounts in domestic currency. Sources : International Financial Statistics, Year Book 2015, IMF
(b) Ratio of Money to Reserve Money. Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific 2015, ADB
(c) Ratio of GDP to Money. Central Bank of Sri Lanka
(d) 2013 data.
172
SRI LANKA AND ASIA
Table 14.11
Monetary and Fiscal Indicators : Selected East Asian Countries
Reserve Money, Mn. US $ 2012 78,102 34,605 35,816 82,516 39,811 47,264
2013 73,062 35,297 43,369 98,789 50,576 46,569
2014 79,849 35,697 52,086 106,244 41,782 48,888

Narrow Money, Mn. US $ 2012 87,037 94,738 38,927 439,016 115,005 52,177
2013 72,777 99,803 46,048 488,576 122,187 50,628
2014 75,741 99,118 51,980 532,905 121,265 51,006

Broad Money, Mn. US $ 2012 342,038 434,460 151,186 1,714,592 388,552 488,626
2013 306,030 432,381 181,344 1,819,969 391,934 489,526
2014 335,476 434,035 202,971 1,889,597 387,843 509,944

% of GDP 2012 38.4 136.8 59.0 133.3 131.2 121.1
2013 39.2 139.3 69.8 134.4 131.1 124.4
2014 39.6 137.1 71.6 139.9 131.4 127.8

Composition of Broad Money (%)
Currency 2014 10.0 4.4 9.6 3.1 6.1 7.1
Demand Deposits 2014 12.5 18.0 21.7 25.1 25.1 2.9
Quasi-Money 2014 77.4 77.6 68.7 71.8 68.7 90.0

% Change of Money (a)
Narrow Money 2013 5.4 13.0 27.5 9.7 9.9 3.9
2014 6.2 5.8 13.4 13.6 3.6 1.2

Broad Money 2013 12.8 6.8 29.3 4.6 4.3 7.3
2014 11.9 6.9 12.4 8.1 3.3 4.6

Causal Factors in Broad Money, Mn. US $

Net Foreign Assets 2014 88,907 143,821 84,096 389,042 219,284 151,409
Domestic Credit 2014 351,929 441,659 158,079 2,091,945 372,832 508,919
Net Other Items 2014 -105,386 -140,902 39,321 -591,389 -204,273 -150,423

Money Multiplier (b)
for Narrow Money 2012 1.1 2.7 1.1 5.3 2.9 1.1
2013 1.0 2.8 1.1 4.9 2.4 1.1
2014 0.9 2.8 1.0 5.0 2.9 1.0

for Broad Money 2012 4.4 12.6 4.2 20.8 9.8 10.3
2013 4.2 12.2 4.2 18.4 7.7 10.5
2014 4.2 12.2 3.9 17.8 9.3 10.4

Income Velocity of Money (c)
of Narrow Money 2012 10.2 3.4 6.6 2.9 2.6 7.7
2013 10.7 3.1 5.6 2.8 2.4 7.8
2014 11.2 3.2 5.5 2.5 2.4 7.8

of Broad Money 2012 2.6 0.7 1.7 0.8 0.8 0.8
2013 2.6 0.7 1.4 0.7 0.8 0.8
2014 2.5 0.7 1.4 0.7 0.8 0.8

Fiscal Operation Indicators, % of GDP
Revenue 2014 14.7 19.9 15.1 21.6 21.9(d) 17.5
Total Expenditure 2014 16.8 23.3 15.6 21.0 13.8(d) 19.9
Budget Surplus (+) / Deficit (-) 2014 -2.1 -3.4 -0.6 0.6 8.1(d) -2.3
(a) Percentage change of amounts in domestic currency. Sources : International Financial Statistics, Year Book 2015, IMF
(b) Ratio of Money to Reserve Money. Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific 2015, ADB
(c) Ratio of GDP to Money.
(d) 2013 data.
173
SRI LANKA AND ASIA
Table 14.12
Social Indicators : SAARC Countries
Lanka tan desh
Human Development Index (a)

(Max.: 1.000 ; Min.: 0.000) 2014 0.757 0.465 0.570 0.605 0.609 0.706 0.548 0.538
Literacy Rate, % Male 2013 94.1 (b) 45.4 (c) 62.5 (d) n.a. 75.2 (e) 98.4 (e) 71.1 (c) 67.0 (c)
(15 Years and over) Female 92.4 (b) 17.6 (c) 55.1 (d) n.a. 50.8 (e) 98.4 (e) 46.7 (c) 42.0 (c)
Labour Force Participation Rate, %
Male 2013 74.7 (f) 79.5 84.1 77.2 79.9 77.5 87.1 82.9
Female 35.9 (f) 15.8 57.4 66.7 27.0 56.2 79.9 24.6
Unemployment Rate, % 2014 4.7 (f) n.a. 4.3 (g) 2.9 (g) 2.8 (c) n.a. n.a. 6.0
Employment (% of total employment)
Agriculture 2013 28.7 (f) n.a. 77.6 56.3 47.2 n.a. n.a. 43.7
Industry 2013 25.8 (f) n.a. n.a. 11.0 24.7 n.a. n.a. 14.1
Services 2013 45.6 (f) n.a. n.a. 32.7 28.1 n.a. n.a. 42.2
Population below the Income Poverty Line, % (h) 20042014 n.a. 35.8 31.5 12.0 21.9 n.a. 25.2 22.3
Physicians per 10,000 population 2013 9.3 (f) 2.7 3.6 (c) 2.6 (d) 7.0 (d) 14.2 (i) n.a. 8.3 (i)
Hospital Beds per 10,000 people 2013 37.0 (f) 5.0 (d) 6.0 (c) 18.0 (d) 7.0 (c) 43.0 (j) 50.0 (e) 60.0 (d)
Internet Subscriptions per 100 Persons 2014 20 (f) 0 12 33 12 56 8 11
Telephones per 1,000 Persons
(Main Lines) 2014 124 (f) 3 7 31 21 61 30 26
(Mobile Phones) 2014 1,287 (f) 749 759 821 745 1,894 825 733
(a) A composite index of life expectancy, education and income. Sources : Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific 2015, ADB
(b) 2015 provisional data Human Development Report 2015, UNDP
(c) 2011 (d) 2012 (e) 2006 (f) 2015 (g) 2013 Department of Census and Statistics
(h) National Poverty Line (Data refer to the most recent year available during the period specified).
(i) 2010 (j) 2009
n.a. Not available
Table 14.13
Social Indicators : Selected East Asian Countries
Human Development Index (a)

(Max.: 1.000 ; Min.: 0.000) 2014 0.684 0.779 0.668 0.898 0.912 0.726
Literacy Rate, % Male 2013 94.0 (b) 95.4 (c) 95.0 (d) n.a. 98.5 (e) 95.6 (c)
(15 Years and over) Female 86.8 (b) 90.7 (c) 95.8 (d) n.a. 94.4 (e) 91.5 (c)
Labour Force Participation Rate, %
Male 2013 84.2 75.5 79.7 72.1 77.2 80.7
Female 51.4 44.4 51.1 50.1 58.8 64.3
Unemployment Rate, % 2014 5.9 (f) 3.1 (f) 7.1 (f) 3.5 2.6 0.7 (f)
Employment (% of total employment)
Agriculture 2013 35.0 13.0 31.0 6.1 0.1 41.7
Industry 2013 14.3 17.6 8.9 16.8 13.8 15.0
Services 2013 50.6 69.4 60.0 77.2 86.0 43.2
Population below the Income Poverty Line,% (g) 20042014 11.3 n.a. 25.2 n.a. n.a. 12.6
Physicians per 10,000 population 2013 2.0 (e) 12.0 (c) n.a. 21.4 (e) 19.5 3.9 (c)
Hospital Beds per 10,000 people 2013 9.0 (e) 19.0 (e) 10.0 (b) 103.0 (f) 20.0 (b) 21.0 (c)
Per Capita Electricity Consumption (kWh) 2012 730 4,310 670 10,350 8,690 2,480
Internet Subscriptions per 100 Persons 2014 12 101 232 388 278 82
(Main Lines) 2014 117 146 31 595 355 85
(Mobile Phones) 2014 1,262 1,488 1,112 1,155 1,581 1,444
(a) A composite index of life expectancy, education and income. Sources : Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific 2015, ADB
(b) 2011 (c) 2010 (d) 2008 (e) 2012 (f) 2013 Human Development Report 2015, UNDP
(g) National Poverty Line (Data refer to the most recent year available during the period specified).
n.a. Not available
174
SRI LANKA AND ASIA
Table 14.14
Doing Business Ranking 2016(a) : SAARC Countries

Indicator Bhutan India Maldives Nepal Pakistan
Lanka tan desh
Overall Rank 107 (b) 177 174 71 130 128 99 138

Starting a business 98 34 117 91 155 48 105 122
Dealing with construction permits 77 185 118 79 183 41 78 61
Getting electricity 81 156 189 50 70 141 131 157
Registering property 153 184 185 51 138 171 72 137
Getting credit 97 97 133 79 42 126 133 133
Protecting minority investors 49 189 88 115 8 134 57 25
Paying taxes 158 89 86 28 157 128 124 171
Trading across borders 90 174 172 21 133 137 60 169
Enforcing contracts 161 172 188 50 178 95 152 151
Resolving insolvency 78 160 155 189 136 135 86 94
(a) As per the new methodology. Source : Doing Business Ranking 2016
(b) This 2016 ranking of 107 is as per the new methodology. World Bank
The countrys 2015 ranking was also revised to 113 from
99 due to this methodological revision.
Table 14.15
Doing Business Ranking 2016(a) : Selected East Asian Countries
Indicator Indonesia Malaysia Philippines Rep. of Korea Singapore Thailand
Overall Rank 109 18 103 4 1 49

Starting a business 173 14 165 23 10 96
Dealing with construction permits 107 15 99 28 1 39
Getting electricity 46 13 19 1 6 11
Registering property 131 38 112 40 17 57
Getting credit 70 28 109 42 19 97
Protecting minority investors 88 4 155 8 1 36
Paying taxes 148 31 126 29 5 70
Trading across borders 105 49 95 31 41 56
Enforcing contracts 170 44 140 2 1 57
Resolving insolvency 77 45 53 4 27 49
(a) As per the new methodology. Source : Doing Business Ranking 2016
World Bank
175
WORLD TABLES
Table 15.1
World Tea Production Land Area, Exports and Imports 2006 2014
Country 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Production (Mn.kgs.)
Sri Lanka 310.8 304.6 318.7 289.8 331.4 328.6 328.4 340.0 338.0
Bangladesh 53.4 58.4 58.7 60.0 61.6 65.9 62.2 66.3 64.5
China 1,028.1 1,140.0 1,257.6 1,358.6 1,475.1 1,623.2 1,789.8 1,924.5 2,095.7
India 981.8 986.4 980.8 979.0 966.4 1,115.7 1,126.3 1,200.4 1,207.3
Indonesia 146.8 155.4 153.3 152.6 151.0 142.3 137.2 134.0 132.0
Total Asia 3,079.6 3,184.3 3,335.1 3,403.3 3,551.2 3,858.8 4,008.7 4,238.3 4,399.1
Kenya 310.6 369.6 345.8 314.2 399.0 377.9 369.6 432.5 445.1
Malawi 45.0 48.1 41.6 52.6 51.6 47.1 42.5 46.5 45.9
Total Africa 482.6 562.2 520.5 514.0 610.5 583.1 574.4 645.2 665.8
Total CIS 7.7 7.5 7.8 7.8 7.9 8.0 8.2 8.3 8.4
Total South America 87.4 92.0 93.7 85.1 102.8 103.5 93.7 90.6 92.1
Total Oceania 8.3 8.4 8.4 8.4 8.5 8.1 7.9 8.0 8.1
Total World 3,665.6 3,854.4 3,965.5 4,018.6 4,280.9 4,561.5 4,692.8 4,990.4 5,173.5

Land Area (000 ha.)
Sri Lanka 188.6 188.6 188.3 188.2 188.0 187.9 187.0 187.0 187.9
Bangladesh 52.4 53.4 54.1 54.7 54.9 54.4 54.5 54.0 53.7
China 1,431.3 1,613.3 1,719.4 1,848.5 1,970.2 2,112.5 2,279.9 2,468.8 2,649.8
India 567.0 578.5 560.5 560.6 560.6 579.4 564.0 564.0 566.7
Indonesia 135.6 138.5 139.4 124.1 122.8 122.8 121.1 122.5 121.0
Total Asia 2,766.0 2,964.2 3,054.3 3,165.4 3,284.7 3,441.9 3,587.0 3,773.0 3,956.4
Kenya 147.1 149.2 157.7 158.4 171.9 187.9 190.7 198.7 203.0
Malawi 18.8 18.6 18.6 18.6 18.6 18.6 18.6 18.6 18.6
Total Africa 258.3 261.6 269.5 268.8 284.7 303.5 307.4 319.2 324.8
Total CIS 39.4 39.0 38.5 38.3 38.3 38.4 38.4 37.4 36.4
Total South America 46.0 46.4 47.2 48.1 49.3 49.9 50.1 48.6 48.6
Total Oceania 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.8 4.8 4.8
Total World 3,114.5 3,315.9 3,414.3 3,525.3 3,661.7 3,838.4 3,987.6 4,182.9 4,371.0

Percentage Share of
World Tea Exports
Sri Lanka 19.9 18.7 18.1 17.3 16.6 17.1 17.3 16.6 17.4
China (mainland) 18.1 18.4 18.0 18.8 16.9 18.3 18.1 17.9 16.5
India 13.6 11.1 12.1 12.1 12.2 12.1 11.6 11.6 11.2
Indonesia 6.0 5.3 5.8 5.7 4.9 4.3 4.0 3.8 3.6
Taiwan 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
Turkey 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3
Vietnam 6.6 7.1 6.3 8.0 7.7 7.4 8.1 7.6 7.2
Other Asia 1.3 1.7 1.5 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.7
Total Asia 65.9 62.6 62.2 63.5 59.8 60.8 60.8 59.4 58.1
Kenya 19.8 21.8 23.2 21.2 24.7 24.0 24.3 26.6 27.3
Malawi 2.7 3.0 2.4 2.9 2.7 2.5 2.4 2.0 2.2
Ruwanda 0.8 0.8 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.2
Tanzaniya 1.5 1.9 1.5 1.3 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.4 1.4
Uganda 2.1 2.8 2.6 3.0 3.0 2.6 3.0 3.1 3.1
Zimbabwe 0.7 0.4 0.3 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4
Other Africa 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.5
Total Africa 28.6 31.7 32.2 31.4 34.7 33.6 34.2 36.0 37.1
Argentina 4.5 4.8 4.7 4.3 4.8 4.9 4.3 4.0 4.2
Other South America 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1
Total Others 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5
Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Total World Exports
(Mt 000) 1,578.6 1,579.0 1,651.7 1,615.1 1,786.1 1,761.0 1,774.8 1,861.1 1,826.7
( Contd.)
176
WORLD TABLES
Table 15.1 (Contd.)

World Tea Production Land Area, Exports and Imports 2006 2014
Country 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
World Tea Imports for

Consumption (Mn. kgs.)
Europe
France 13.4 15.3 15.1 13.9 15.3 14.9 14.7 15.1 13.0
Germany 21.3 24.4 23.8 19.0 24.9 25.9 29.8 28.7 31.3
Ireland (Republic) 8.8 8.9 9.9 10.7 10.2 8.6 6.7 7.0 7.8
Poland 27.1 28.1 31.0 28.7 29.4 34.0 29.5 32.4 35.6
Russian Federation 166.2 174.4 175.0 175.2 174.6 180.3 165.8 156.3 154.0
Other CIS 69.0 72.0 82.3 87.6 91.8 94.2 105.2 102.0 94.0
United Kingdom 135.4 131.2 129.8 120.1 119.2 128.1 123.3 115.3 106.3
Other Europe 43.3 43.8 46.7 45.2 45.3 44.5 44.9 45.2 45.6
Sub Total 484.5 497.9 513.5 500.5 510.8 530.5 520.0 502.0 487.7

North America and West Indies
Canada 17.0 17.5 15.2 15.7 15.9 17.5 16.4 16.5 17.3
USA 107.6 109.4 116.7 110.9 126.8 127.5 125.7 130.2 129.2
Other Countries 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.9 1.8 1.9
Sub Total 126.2 128.6 133.6 128.2 144.5 146.7 143.9 148.5 148.4

Latin America
Chilie 19.1 19.6 22.4 18.0 21.4 21.9 21.1 20.4 21.2
Other Countries 4.0 4.1 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.3 4.4 4.6 4.8
Sub Total 23.1 23.7 26.5 22.2 25.6 26.2 25.5 25.0 25.9

Asia
Afghanistan 34.0 44.0 40.3 48.0 57.7 46.6 49.3 71.8 68.0
Dubai 56.0 58.0 60.0 54.0 63.0 53.0 46.4 57.4 67.0
Jordan 11.0 9.0 13.7 11.8 15.8 9.0 10.2 9.9 8.0
Iran 49.6 56.1 61.6 50.5 55.0 66.5 70.5 80.0 60.6
Iraq 67.0 32.0 39.5 43.8 41.4 40.8 38.9 33.3 31.3
Pakistan 116.8 106.4 99.1 85.7 120.3 126.2 131.3 126.6 137.9
Saudi Arabia 12.2 14.7 15.6 13.5 14.8 16.4 14.6 15.2 15.9
Syria 27.7 25.5 32.2 30.3 27.3 28.0 24.2 20.2 12.7
Yeman 7.0 14.3 14.3 14.4 16.0 14.8 13.9 17.7 16.7
Other Asian
Countries 58.3 62.3 60.4 67.0 70.1 69.7 68.6 82.0 81.9
Sub Total 439.5 422.2 436.7 419.0 481.4 470.9 467.8 514.1 500.0

Africa
Egypt 80.5 71.0 107.0 77.6 93.5 84.0 98.4 100.7 103.3
Libya 14.5 9.3 9.0 9.5 12.4 8.9 20.0 10.8 15.0
Morocco 50.6 52.5 48.2 53.7 56.3 58.5 53.7 57.3 54.3
South Africa 18.8 18.2 19.3 19.5 19.8 19.5 17.0 17.7 18.3
Sudan 17.5 23.0 21.4 23.2 29.1 25.0 23.5 28.2 26.0
Tunisia 11.3 9.8 11.7 8.8 10.5 12.8 8.0 6.8 3.7
Other African
Countries 83.5 90.1 89.6 88.4 100.7 104.5 104.2 123.1 120.1
Sub Total 276.7 274.0 306.2 280.7 322.2 313.2 324.8 344.6 340.7

Oceania
Australia 13.6 13.0 12.7 12.3 12.5 11.8 11.4 11.8 11.6
Other Oceanian
Countries 5.5 5.6 5.6 5.8 5.9 5.8 5.7 5.8 6.0
Sub Total 19.1 18.6 18.3 18.1 18.4 17.6 17.1 17.6 17.6

Major Producing
Countries in Asia 117.3 126.0 123.3 123.9 138.7 152.6 145.9 154.1 137.9

Total Imports 1,486.4 1,491.1 1,558.2 1,492.5 1,641.6 1,657.8 1,645.0 1,705.9 1,658.2
Source : Annual Statistics Bulletin - 2015, International Tea Committee
177
WORLD TABLES
Table 15.2
Growth of Real GDP Percentage
Average
Region / Country 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
19982007
Advanced Economies 2.8 0.2 -3.4 3.1 1.7 1.2 1.2 1.8 1.9
Australia 3.6 2.6 1.8 2.3 2.7 3.5 2.0 2.6 2.5
Canada 3.2 1.0 -2.9 3.1 3.1 1.7 2.2 2.5 1.2
Denmark 2.0 -0.7 -5.1 1.6 1.2 -0.1 -0.2 1.3 1.2
France 2.4 0.2 -2.9 2.0 2.1 0.2 0.7 0.2 1.1
Germany 1.7 0.8 -5.6 3.9 3.7 0.6 0.4 1.6 1.5
Greece 3.9 -0.3 -4.3 -5.5 -9.1 -7.3 -3.2 0.7 -0.2
Japan 1.0 -1.0 -5.5 4.7 -0.5 1.7 1.4 0.0 0.5
Korea 4.8 2.8 0.7 6.5 3.7 2.3 2.9 3.3 2.6
Israel 3.9 3.1 1.3 5.5 5.0 2.9 3.3 2.6 2.6
Italy 1.5 -1.1 -5.5 1.7 0.6 -2.8 -1.7 -0.3 0.8
New Zealand 3.5 -0.4 0.3 2.0 1.8 2.8 1.7 3.0 3.4
Singapore 5.5 1.8 -0.6 15.2 6.2 3.7 4.7 3.3 2.0
Sweden 3.5 -0.6 -5.2 6.0 2.7 -0.3 1.2 2.3 4.1
United Kingdom 3.0 -0.5 -4.2 1.5 2.0 1.2 2.2 2.9 2.2
United States 3.0 -0.3 -2.8 2.5 1.6 2.2 1.5 2.4 2.4

Emerging and Developing
Economies 5.8 5.8 3.0 7.4 6.3 5.3 4.9 4.6 4.0
Sub-Saharan Africa 5.3 6.0 4.0 6.6 5.0 4.3 5.2 5.1 3.4
Botswana 4.7 6.2 -7.7 8.6 6.0 4.5 9.9 3.2 -0.3
Ethiopia 6.5 11.2 10.0 10.6 11.4 8.7 9.9 10.3 10.2
Ghana 4.9 9.1 4.8 7.9 14.0 9.3 7.3 4.0 3.5
Kenya 3.6 0.2 3.3 8.4 6.1 4.6 5.7 5.3 5.6
Nigeria 7.6 8.0 9.0 10.0 4.9 4.3 5.4 6.3 2.7
South Africa 3.7 3.2 -1.5 3.0 3.2 2.2 2.2 1.5 1.3
Tanzania 5.9 5.6 5.4 6.4 7.9 5.1 7.3 7.0 7.0
Uganda 7.0 10.4 8.1 7.7 6.8 2.6 4.0 4.9 5.0
Zimbabwe n.a. -16.6 7.5 11.4 11.9 10.6 4.5 3.8 1.5
Emerging & Developing Asia 7.6 7.2 7.5 9.6 7.8 6.9 6.9 6.8 6.6
Bangladesh 5.7 5.5 5.3 6.0 6.5 6.3 6.0 6.3 6.4
Bhutan 7.7 10.8 5.7 9.3 10.1 6.4 4.9 6.4 7.7
China 9.9 9.6 9.2 10.6 9.5 7.7 7.7 7.3 6.9
Fiji 2.3 1.0 -1.4 3.0 2.7 1.4 4.7 5.3 4.3
India 7.1 3.9 8.5 10.3 6.6 5.6 6.6 7.2 7.3
Indonesia 2.7 7.4 4.7 6.4 6.2 6.0 5.6 5.0 4.8
Malaysia 4.2 4.8 -1.5 7.5 5.3 5.5 4.7 6.0 5.0
Maldives 8.8 12.7 -5.3 7.2 8.7 2.5 4.7 6.5 1.9
Myanmar 12.0 3.6 5.1 5.3 5.6 7.3 8.4 8.7 7.0
Nepal 3.8 6.1 4.5 4.8 3.4 4.8 4.1 5.4 3.4
Papua New Guinea 2.4 6.6 6.1 7.7 10.7 8.1 5.5 8.5 9.0
Philippines 4.2 4.2 1.1 7.6 3.7 6.7 7.1 6.1 5.8
Sri Lanka 5.0 6.0 3.5 8.0 8.4 9.1 3.4 4.9 4.8
Thailand 3.8 1.7 -0.7 7.5 0.8 7.2 2.7 0.8 2.8

Emerging & Developing Europe 4.2 3.1 -3.0 4.7 5.4 1.2 2.8 2.8 3.5
Hungary 3.7 0.8 -6.6 0.7 1.8 -1.7 1.9 3.7 2.9
Poland 4.2 3.9 2.6 3.7 5.0 1.6 1.3 3.3 3.6
Romania 4.0 8.5 -7.1 -0.8 1.1 0.6 3.5 3.0 3.7
Turkey 4.0 0.7 -4.8 9.2 8.8 2.1 4.2 2.9 3.8
Middle East, North Africa,
Afghanistan and Pakistan 5.3 4.8 1.5 4.9 4.5 5.0 2.3 2.8 2.5
Afghanistan n.a. 3.9 20.6 8.4 6.5 14.0 3.9 1.3 1.5
Bahrain 5.8 6.2 2.5 4.3 2.1 3.6 5.4 4.5 3.2
Egypt 5.1 7.2 4.7 5.1 1.8 2.2 2.1 2.2 4.2
Iran 5.2 0.9 2.3 6.6 3.7 -6.6 -1.9 4.3 0.0
Jordan 5.9 7.2 5.5 2.3 2.6 2.7 2.8 3.1 2.5
Kuwait 6.0 2.5 -7.1 -2.4 10.6 7.7 1.0 0.0 0.9
Pakistan 4.9 5.0 0.4 2.6 3.6 3.8 3.7 4.0 4.2
Saudi Arabia 2.9 6.2 -2.1 4.8 10.0 5.4 2.7 3.6 3.4
Latin America and
the Caribbean 3.1 3.9 -1.2 6.1 4.9 3.2 3.0 1.3 -0.1
Argentina 2.5 3.1 0.1 9.5 8.4 0.8 2.9 0.5 1.2
Brazil 3.0 5.1 -0.1 7.5 3.9 1.9 3.0 0.1 -3.8
Chile 4.0 3.2 -1.1 5.7 5.8 5.5 4.0 1.8 2.1
Colombia 3.1 3.5 1.7 4.0 6.6 4.0 4.9 4.4 3.1
Jamaica 1.3 -0.8 -3.4 -1.5 1.4 -0.5 0.2 0.5 1.1
Mexico 2.9 1.4 -4.7 5.1 4.0 4.0 1.3 2.3 2.5
Panama 5.6 8.6 1.6 5.8 11.8 9.2 6.6 6.1 5.8
Paraguay 1.6 6.4 -4.0 13.1 4.3 -1.2 14.0 4.7 3.0
Peru 4.1 9.1 1.0 8.5 6.5 6.0 5.9 2.4 3.3
Uruguay 1.2 7.2 4.2 7.8 5.2 3.3 5.1 3.5 1.5
World 4.2 3.0 -0.1 5.4 4.2 3.5 3.3 3.4 3.1
n.a. Not available. Sources : World Economic Outlook, April 2016, IMF
178
WORLD TABLES
Table 15.3
Consumer Price Changes(a) Percentage
Average
Region / Country 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
19982007
Advanced Economies 2.0 3.4 0.2 1.5 2.7 2.0 1.4 1.4 0.3
Australia 2.8 4.3 1.8 2.9 3.3 1.7 2.5 2.5 1.5
Canada 2.1 2.4 0.3 1.8 2.9 1.5 0.9 1.9 1.1
Denmark 2.1 3.4 1.3 2.3 2.8 2.4 0.8 0.6 0.5
France 1.7 3.2 0.1 1.7 2.3 2.2 1.0 0.6 0.1
Germany 1.5 2.8 0.2 1.1 2.5 2.1 1.6 0.8 0.1
Greece 3.3 4.2 1.3 4.7 3.1 1.0 -0.9 -1.4 -1.1
Hong Kong -0.8 4.3 0.6 2.3 5.3 4.1 4.3 4.4 3.0
Israel 2.3 4.6 3.3 2.7 3.5 1.7 1.5 0.5 -0.6
Italy 2.3 3.5 0.8 1.6 2.9 3.3 1.2 0.2 0.1
Japan -0.2 1.4 -1.3 -0.7 -0.3 0.0 0.4 2.7 0.8
Korea 3.2 4.7 2.8 2.9 4.0 2.2 1.3 1.3 0.7
New Zealand 2.2 4.0 2.1 2.3 4.0 1.1 1.1 1.2 0.3
Singapore 0.7 6.6 0.6 2.8 5.2 4.6 2.4 1.0 -0.5
Sweden 1.5 3.3 1.9 1.9 1.4 0.9 0.4 0.2 0.7
United Kingdom (b) 1.6 3.6 2.2 3.3 4.5 2.8 2.6 1.5 0.1
United States 2.6 3.8 -0.3 1.6 3.1 2.1 1.5 1.6 0.1
Emerging and Developing Economies 7.9 9.2 5.0 5.6 7.1 5.8 5.5 4.7 4.7
Sub-Saharan Africa 10.1 13.0 9.8 8.2 9.5 9.3 6.6 6.4 7.0
Botswana 8.1 12.6 8.1 6.9 8.5 7.5 5.9 4.4 3.0
Ethiopia 6.6 44.4 8.5 8.1 33.2 24.1 8.1 7.4 10.1
Ghana 17.9 16.5 13.1 6.7 7.7 7.1 11.7 15.5 17.2
Kenya 5.9 15.1 10.6 4.3 14.0 9.4 5.7 6.9 6.6
Nigeria 11.3 11.6 12.5 13.7 10.8 12.2 8.5 8.0 9.0
South Africa 5.4 11.5 7.1 4.3 5.0 5.7 5.8 6.1 4.6
Tanzania 6.3 10.3 12.1 7.2 12.7 16.0 7.9 6.1 5.6
Uganda 4.5 12.0 13.1 4.0 18.7 14.0 4.8 4.6 5.8
Zambia 19.7 12.4 13.4 8.5 8.7 6.6 7.0 7.8 10.1
Zimbabwe -18.5 157.0 6.2 3.0 3.5 3.7 1.6 -0.2 -2.4
Emerging and Developing Asia 4.2 7.6 2.8 5.1 6.5 4.6 4.7 3.5 2.7
Bangladesh 5.7 8.9 4.9 9.4 11.5 6.2 7.5 7.0 6.4
Bhutan 5.0 6.3 7.1 4.8 8.6 10.1 8.6 9.6 7.2
China 1.1 5.9 -0.7 3.3 5.4 2.6 2.6 2.0 1.4
Fiji 3.0 7.7 3.7 3.7 7.3 3.4 2.9 0.5 2.8
India 5.2 9.2 10.6 9.5 9.5 9.9 9.4 5.9 4.9
Indonesia 14.1 9.8 5.0 5.1 5.3 4.0 6.4 6.4 6.4
Malaysia 2.4 5.4 0.6 1.7 3.2 1.7 2.1 3.1 2.1
Maldives 1.8 12.0 4.5 6.2 11.3 10.9 4.0 2.5 1.4
Mongolia 7.3 26.8 6.3 10.2 7.7 15.0 8.6 12.9 5.9
Myanmar 23.4 11.5 2.2 8.2 2.8 2.8 5.7 5.9 11.5
Nepal 5.5 6.7 12.6 9.6 9.6 8.3 9.9 9.0 7.2
Papua New Guinea 8.6 10.8 6.9 5.1 4.4 4.5 5.0 5.3 6.0
Philippines 5.2 8.2 4.2 3.8 4.7 3.2 2.9 4.2 1.4
Sri Lanka (c) 10.1 22.6 3.5 6.2 6.7 7.6 6.9 3.3 0.9
Thailand 2.8 5.5 -0.9 3.3 3.8 3.0 2.2 1.9 -0.9
Emerging and Developing Europe 18.5 8.0 4.8 5.6 5.4 5.9 4.3 3.8 2.9
Albania 4.1 3.4 2.3 3.6 3.4 2.0 1.9 1.6 1.9
Croatia 3.4 6.1 2.4 1.0 2.3 3.4 2.2 -0.2 -0.5
Hungary 7.5 6.1 4.2 4.9 4.0 5.7 1.7 -0.2 -0.1
Poland 4.6 4.2 3.4 2.6 4.3 3.7 0.9 0.0 -0.9
Romania 24.2 7.8 5.6 6.1 5.8 3.3 4.0 1.1 -0.6
Turkey 33.9 10.4 6.3 8.6 6.5 8.9 7.5 8.9 7.7
Commonwealth of Independent States 19.8 15.4 11.1 7.2 9.7 6.2 6.4 8.1 15.5
Georgia 7.3 10.0 1.7 7.1 8.5 -0.9 -0.5 3.1 4.0
Kazakhstan 8.3 17.1 7.3 7.1 8.3 5.1 5.8 6.7 6.5
Russia 21.2 14.1 11.7 6.9 8.4 5.1 6.8 7.8 15.5
Tajikistan 20.2 20.4 6.4 6.5 12.4 5.8 5.0 6.1 5.8
Ukraine 12.1 25.2 15.9 9.4 8.0 0.6 -0.3 12.1 48.7
Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan
and Pakistan 5.8 11.8 7.3 6.6 9.2 9.8 9.1 6.8 5.7
Afghanistan n.a. 26.4 -6.8 2.2 11.8 6.4 7.4 4.7 -1.5
Algeria 2.9 4.9 5.7 3.9 4.5 8.9 3.3 2.9 4.8
Bahrain 0.8 3.5 2.8 2.0 -0.4 2.8 3.3 2.7 1.8
Egypt 5.1 11.7 16.2 11.7 11.1 8.6 6.9 10.1 11.0
Iran 14.9 25.3 10.7 12.4 21.2 30.8 34.7 15.6 12.0
Jordan 2.7 14.0 -0.7 4.8 4.2 4.5 4.8 2.9 -0.9
Kuwait 2.2 6.3 4.6 4.5 4.9 3.2 2.7 2.9 3.4
Lebanon 1.7 10.8 1.2 4.0 5.0 6.6 4.8 1.9 -3.7
Pakistan 5.8 12.0 19.6 10.1 13.7 11.0 7.4 8.6 4.5
Saudi Arabia 0.4 6.1 4.1 3.8 3.7 2.9 3.5 2.7 2.2
Latin America and the Caribbean 7.0 6.4 4.6 4.2 5.2 4.6 4.6 4.9 5.5
Argentina 6.8 8.6 6.3 10.5 9.8 10.0 10.6 n.a. n.a.
Brazil 6.6 5.7 4.9 5.0 6.6 5.4 6.2 6.3 9.0
Chile 3.3 8.7 1.5 1.4 3.3 3.0 1.9 4.4 4.3
Colombia 8.0 7.0 4.2 2.3 3.4 3.2 2.0 2.9 5.0
Jamaica 9.3 22.0 9.6 12.6 7.5 6.9 9.4 8.3 4.7
Mexico 7.3 5.1 5.3 4.2 3.4 4.1 3.8 4.0 2.7
Panama 1.5 8.8 2.4 3.5 5.9 5.7 4.0 2.6 0.1
Paraguay 8.8 10.2 2.6 4.7 8.3 3.7 2.7 5.0 2.9
Peru 2.8 5.8 2.9 1.5 3.4 3.7 2.8 3.2 3.5
Uruguay 8.6 7.9 7.1 6.7 8.1 8.1 8.6 8.9 8.7
(a) Percentage change of annual average Consumer Price Index. Sources : World Economic Outlook, April 2016, IMF
(b) Based on Eurostats harmonized index of consumer prices. Department of Census and Statistics
(c) Colombo Consumers Price Index (1952 = 100) was used for 1996 to 2007.
Colombo Consumers Price Index (2002 = 100) was used from 2006 to 2008.
Colombo Consumers Price Index (2006/07 = 100) was used from 2009 onwards. 179
n.a. Not available.
WORLD TABLES
Table 15.4
Exports US $ Billion
Region / Country 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Advanced Economies 9,023.0 10,022.2 7,850.0 9,270.7 10,750.3 10,533.5 10,677.1 10,830.3
Australia 141.1 187.3 154.0 212.3 271.7 256.7 253.0 241.2
Canada 420.3 456.4 314.0 387.5 452.1 454.8 458.4 470.0
Denmark 101.6 115.9 91.8 95.8 111.9 106.1 111.4 110.5
France 550.5 608.9 476.1 517.0 585.3 558.5 568.1 567.5
Germany 1,323.8 1,451.4 1,120.7 1,261.6 1,476.9 1,408.4 1,451.6 1,505.5
Greece 26.7 31.4 24.7 28.0 33.8 35.5 36.3 35.8
Hong Kong 344.5 362.7 318.5 390.1 428.7 442.8 459.0 473.7
Israel 54.1 60.8 47.9 58.4 67.6 63.2 66.6 68.6
Italy 500.2 545.0 406.7 446.9 523.3 501.5 517.6 528.0
Japan 714.2 782.0 580.7 769.8 822.6 798.6 714.6 690.2
Korea 371.5 422.0 363.5 466.4 555.2 547.9 559.6 572.7
New Zealand 28.1 30.9 24.8 32.3 37.5 37.4 41.1 40.7
Singapore 299.3 338.2 269.8 351.9 409.5 408.4 410.2 409.8
Sweden 169.0 183.9 131.0 158.1 187.2 172.7 167.6 162.6
United Kingdom 440.5 468.3 356.5 410.1 478.2 474.6 476.9 477.6
United States 1,148.2 1,287.4 1,056.0 1,278.5 1,480.3 1,545.7 1,579.0 1,623.4

Emerging and Developing
Economies 4,860.1 6,048.3 4,615.4 5,905.6 7,370.6 7,638.5 7,875.6 7,959.7
Sub-Saharan Africa 256.4 338.9 239.7 312.5 405.5 399.7 401.1 393.1
Botswana 5.2 5.0 3.5 4.7 5.9 6.0 7.6 7.8
Central African Republic 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 n.a.
Congo, Republic of 5.6 8.3 6.1 8.2 11.5 11.0 9.8 8.6
Ethiopia 1.3 1.6 1.5 2.2 3.7 4.1 3.0 n.a.
Kenya 4.1 5.0 4.5 5.1 5.8 6.1 5.9 6.0
South Africa 69.8 84.6 62.6 81.8 96.9 87.4 83.5 91.2
Tanzania 2.0 2.7 2.4 3.5 4.4 5.1 5.1 n.a.
Uganda 2.0 2.7 3.0 3.1 2.4 2.9 2.8 2.7
Zimbabwe 2.4 2.2 2.3 3.2 3.5 3.8 3.6 3.4
Emerging and Developing Asia
1,961.1 2,301.1 1,936.3 2,533.6 3,064.7 3,232.0 3,428.1 3,613.1
Bangladesh 10.2 11.8 12.4 14.2 19.8 24.3 27.0 n.a.
Bhutan 0.7 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.5 0.5 0.6
China 1,217.8 1,428.7 1,201.8 1,578.3 1,899.2 2,048.9 2,210.2 2,343.2
Fiji 0.8 0.9 0.6 0.8 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.2
India 150.0 194.5 164.9 226.4 303.0 296.8 314.7 319.7
Indonesia 118.0 139.6 119.6 158.1 200.6 188.5 182.7 176.3
Malaysia 176.0 199.4 157.2 198.6 228.1 227.5 228.3 234.1
Maldives 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1
Mongolia 1.9 2.5 1.9 2.9 4.8 4.4 4.3 5.8
Myanmar 6.3 6.9 6.7 8.7 9.2 8.9 11.2 11.0
Nepal 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.0 0.9 1.0
Papua New Guinea 4.7 5.7 4.4 5.7 6.9 6.3 6.0 n.a.
Philippines 50.5 49.5 38.4 51.5 48.3 52.1 53.9 61.9
Sri Lanka 7.6 8.1 7.1 8.6 10.6 9.8 10.4 11.1
Thailand 153.9 175.9 151.9 193.4 220.2 227.9 224.9 225.2
Vietnam 48.3 62.7 57.1 71.7 94.5 115.5 132.5 149.6
Europe 1,039.8 1,335.9 947.9 1,161.7 1,469.8 1,484.4 1,498.0 1,496.3
Poland 136.4 169.5 136.6 159.8 188.7 181.8 202.6 218.9
Romania 40.0 49.5 40.6 49.4 62.7 57.9 65.9 69.9
Russia 354.4 471.8 303.4 400.4 515.4 527.4 523.3 496.5
Turkey 107.3 132.0 102.1 113.9 134.9 152.5 151.8 157.6
Ukraine 49.3 67.0 39.7 51.4 68.4 68.8 63.3 54.1

Middle East, North Africa and
Pakistan 866.4 1,215.4 830.3 1,053.8 1,381.1 1,459.4 1,476.6 1,387.5
Bahrain 13.6 17.3 11.9 15.4 19.7 20.5 17.5 n.a.
Egypt 16.2 26.2 23.1 26.4 30.5 29.4 28.5 24.7
Jordan 5.7 7.8 6.5 7.0 8.0 7.9 7.9 8.4
Kuwait 62.7 87.5 54.0 66.6 102.1 118.9 115.1 104.3
Pakistan 17.8 20.3 17.5 21.4 25.4 22.8 25.1 24.7
Saudi Arabia 233.3 313.4 192.3 251.1 364.7 388.4 375.9 342.3
United Arab Emirates 154.0 239.2 185.0 220.0 285.0 300.0 365.0 359.0
Western Hemisphere 758.0 887.7 678.0 860.6 1,072.1 1,082.8 1,085.5 1,063.7
Argentina 55.8 70.6 56.1 64.7 84.3 75.2 83.0 71.9
Brazil 160.6 197.9 153.0 201.9 256.0 242.6 242.2 225.1
Chile 67.7 66.5 52.0 69.0 80.0 79.7 77.9 74.5
Guyana 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.1 1.4 1.4 1.2
Jamaica 2.1 2.5 1.3 1.3 1.6 1.7 1.6 1.4
Mexico 272.1 291.8 229.7 298.1 349.6 370.9 380.1 397.7
Panama 1.2 1.2 0.9 0.8 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.
Paraguay 4.7 6.4 5.1 6.5 7.8 7.3 9.4 9.7
Peru 27.9 31.5 26.9 35.6 46.1 45.6 41.5 37.9
Uruguay 4.5 6.4 5.4 6.7 8.0 8.6 8.8 9.5
World 13,845.9 16,020.1 12,427.6 15,125.5 18,054.6 18,101.2 18,477.8 18,715.6
n.a. Not available. Sources : International Financial Statistics, Yearbook 2015, IMF
180
WORLD TABLES
Table 15.5
Imports US $ Billion
Region / Country 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Advanced Economies 9,809.3 10,972.7 8,312.9 9,846.8 11,520.4 11,317.0 11,326.1 11,474.8
Australia 165.3 200.3 165.5 201.6 243.7 260.9 242.1 236.9
Canada 390.2 419.0 330.9 403.9 464.8 476.3 475.8 479.9
Denmark 97.4 109.2 80.4 83.2 96.4 92.3 98.4 99.1
France 631.4 715.8 560.5 608.7 712.9 667.0 672.0 661.8
Germany 1,056.0 1,186.7 926.2 1,056.2 1,256.2 1,164.6 1,192.8 1,217.9
Greece 82.5 95.7 72.6 67.3 67.5 63.4 62.1 63.3
Hong Kong 367.6 388.5 347.3 433.1 483.6 504.4 523.6 544.1
Japan 619.7 762.6 550.5 692.4 854.1 885.6 832.4 811.9
Korea 356.9 435.3 323.1 425.2 524.4 519.6 515.6 525.5
Israel 59.0 67.7 49.3 61.2 75.8 75.4 74.9 n.a.
Italy 511.9 563.4 414.7 487.0 558.8 489.1 477.3 470.4
New Zealand 31.5 34.0 25.2 31.8 37.3 37.8 40.4 42.5
Singapore 263.2 319.8 245.8 310.8 365.8 379.7 373.0 366.2
Sweden 153.5 169.0 120.3 148.5 174.7 164.1 159.7 159.5
United Kingdom 621.8 644.1 486.0 562.7 638.6 646.5 645.4 663.3
United States 2,020.4 2,169.5 1,605.3 1,969.2 2,265.9 2,336.5 2,329.1 2,412.5
Emerging and Developing Economies
4,367.8 5,413.6 4,286.6 5,467.4 6,755.1 7,011.7 7,280.9 7,572.7
Sub-Saharan Africa 217.3 260.5 211.4 259.4 329.8 316.8 319.9 321.2
Botswana 4.1 5.2 4.7 5.7 7.3 8.1 7.0 7.8
Central African Republic 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 n.a.
Congo, Republic of 2.6 3.1 3.0 3.0 5.2 5.2 5.5 6.2
Ethiopia 5.8 8.3 7.7 8.6 9.0 12.7 12.0 n.a.
Kenya 9.0 11.1 10.2 12.1 14.8 16.3 16.4 18.4
Nigeria 37.6 42.4 33.9 44.2 64.4 35.7 44.6 n.a.
South Africa 88.6 101.6 74.1 94.2 121.5 124.3 107.0 104.8
Tanzania 5.3 7.1 6.3 7.7 10.7 11.3 12.3 n.a.
Uganda 3.5 4.5 4.3 4.7 4.6 5.2 4.9 5.1
Zimbabwe 2.6 3.0 2.9 3.8 4.4 4.4 4.3 4.2
Emerging and Developing Asia
1,749.1 2,137.5 1,798.8 2,460.9 3,087.8 3,250.1 3,380.7 3,672.5
Bangladesh 17.3 22.5 20.6 26.1 34.0 33.3 33.6 n.a.
Bhutan 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.9 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.8
China 956.2 1,131.6 1,004.2 1,396.2 1,742.9 1,818.2 1,949.3 1,963.1
Fiji 1.8 2.3 1.4 1.8 2.2 2.3 2.8 3.0
India 228.7 320.8 257.2 350.1 464.4 489.7 465.7 461.4
Indonesia 93.1 127.5 93.8 135.3 176.9 191.0 186.4 178.2
Malaysia 146.2 156.3 123.8 164.6 187.5 196.4 205.9 208.9
Maldives 1.1 1.4 1.0 1.1 1.5 1.6 1.7 2.0
Mongolia 2.1 3.6 2.1 3.3 6.5 6.7 6.4 5.2
Myanmar 3.2 4.3 4.3 4.8 9.0 9.2 12.0 16.2
Nepal 3.1 3.6 4.4 5.5 5.8 6.5 6.5 7.6
Papua New Guinea 3.0 3.6 3.2 4.0 4.9 5.5 4.5 n.a.
Philippines 57.7 60.5 45.9 58.5 64.1 65.8 65.0 67.5
Sri Lanka 11.3 14.1 10.2 13.5 20.3 19.2 18.0 19.4
Thailand 141.3 179.2 134.7 185.1 229.1 251.5 249.7 228.2
Vietnam 60.7 80.7 69.9 83.8 104.0 115.1 131.3 148.8
Europe 1,095.7 1,368.3 940.3 1,131.2 1,414.3 1,410.4 1,456.8 1,409.6
Hungary 94.4 106.4 78.0 87.6 101.0 94.3 99.1 103.9
Poland 159.5 206.1 149.6 178.1 208.3 195.4 204.3 222.2
Romania 69.6 83.0 54.3 61.9 76.3 70.3 73.5 77.9
Russia 245.8 321.2 211.0 273.6 350.4 369.3 377.3 337.8
Turkey 170.1 202.0 140.9 185.5 240.8 236.5 251.7 242.2
Ukraine 60.6 85.5 45.4 60.7 82.6 84.7 76.9 54.3

Middle East, North Africa and
Pakistan 568.5 752.8 651.9 733.5 841.7 916.3 962.7 984.7
Bahrain 11.5 10.8 7.3 9.8 12.7 14.9 13.0 n.a.
Egypt 27.1 48.8 44.9 52.9 58.9 65.8 59.7 61.0
Jordan 13.5 16.8 14.5 15.1 18.5 20.7 21.7 23.0
Kuwait 21.4 24.8 19.9 22.7 25.1 27.3 29.3 31.5
Oman 16.0 22.9 17.9 19.8 23.6 29.4 34.3 29.4
Pakistan 32.6 42.3 31.6 37.8 44.0 42.9 44.6 45.8
Saudi Arabia 90.2 115.1 95.5 106.9 131.6 155.6 168.2 173.8
United Arab Emirates 132.5 177.0 150.0 165.0 205.0 220.0 245.0 262.0
Western Hemisphere 756.8 919.5 688.7 881.7 1,082.2 1,113.0 1,154.7 1,158.0
Argentina 44.7 57.4 39.1 48.0 74.3 68.5 74.0 65.3
Brazil 126.6 182.4 133.7 191.5 236.9 228.4 244.7 237.5
Chile 47.2 61.9 41.4 57.9 73.5 79.1 80.4 72.4
Colombia 33.2 39.3 32.9 40.7 54.7 58.6 59.4 64.1
Guyana 1.1 1.3 1.2 1.4 1.8 2.0 1.8 1.8
Jamaica 6.4 7.7 4.9 5.2 6.5 6.5 6.2 5.8
Mexico 296.6 325.2 246.1 316.6 368.4 389.3 400.3 420.0
Paraguay 5.9 9.0 6.9 10.0 12.3 11.5 12.1 12.2
Peru 23.5 29.9 20.9 30.1 37.6 41.1 41.5 42.7
Uruguay 5.7 8.9 6.2 8.6 10.6 10.6 11.0 10.9
World 14,139.5 16,333.5 12,555.7 15,254.4 18,198.2 18,245.0 18,517.7 18,948.4
n.a. Not available. Sources : International Financial Statistics, Yearbook 2015, IMF
181
WORLD TABLES
Table 15.6
Human Development Index (HDI) and Sub Indices of HDI 2014
Human HDI Life Gross National Mean Expected Human Change

Develop- Rank Expectancy Income (GNI) Years of Years of Develop- in
Country ment at Birth per Capita Schooling Schooling ment Rank
Index 2014 (2011 PPP $) 2014(a) 2014(a) Index 20092014
(HDI) 2014 2013
Very High Human

Development
Australia 0.935 2 82.4 42,261 13.0 20.2 0.933 0
Canada 0.913 9 82.0 42,155 13.0 15.9 0.912 1
Finland 0.883 24 80.8 38,695 10.3 17.1 0.882 -1
France 0.888 22 82.2 38,056 11.1 16.0 0.887 -1
Germany 0.916 6 80.9 43,919 13.1 16.5 0.915 3
Hong Kong, China (SAR)
0.910 12 84.0 53,959 11.2 15.6 0.908 2
Iceland 0.899 16 82.6 35,182 10.6 19.0 0.899 -1
Japan 0.891 20 83.5 36,927 11.5 15.3 0.890 -3
Lithuania 0.839 37 73.3 24,500 12.4 16.4 0.837 -1
Netherlands 0.922 5 81.6 45,435 11.9 17.9 0.920 0
New Zealand 0.913 9 81.8 32,689 12.5 19.2 0.911 -1
Norway 0.944 1 81.6 64,992 12.6 17.5 0.942 0
Korea (Republic of) 0.898 17 81.9 33,890 11.9 16.9 0.895 0
Saudi Arabia 0.837 39 74.3 52,821 8.7 16.3 0.836 10
Singapore 0.912 11 83.0 76,628 10.6 15.4 0.909 11
Spain 0.876 26 82.6 32,045 9.6 17.3 0.874 2
Sweden 0.907 14 82.2 45,636 12.1 15.8 0.905 -1
United Arab Emirates 0.835 41 77.0 60,868 9.5 13.3 0.833 -6
United Kingdom 0.907 14 80.7 39,267 13.1 16.2 0.902 -2
United States 0.915 8 79.1 52,947 12.9 16.5 0.913 -3

High Human
Development
Algeria 0.736 83 74.8 13,054 7.6 14.0 0.734 4
China 0.727 90 75.8 12,547 7.5 13.1 0.723 13
Fiji 0.727 90 70.0 7,493 9.9 15.7 0.724 1
Malaysia 0.779 62 74.7 22,762 10.0 12.7 0.777 1
Maldives 0.706 104 76.8 12,328 5.8 13.0 0.703 2
Mexico 0.756 74 76.8 16,056 8.5 13.1 0.755 -2
Peru 0.734 84 74.6 11,015 9.0 13.1 0.732 15
Romania 0.793 52 74.7 18,108 10.8 14.2 0.791 -1
Sri Lanka 0.757 73 74.9 9,779 10.8 13.7 0.752 5
Thailand 0.726 93 74.4 13,323 7.3 13.5 0.724 3
Turkey 0.761 72 75.3 18,677 7.6 14.5 0.759 16

Medium Human
Development
Bangladesh 0.570 142 71.6 3,191 5.1 10.0 0.567 0
Botswana 0.698 106 64.5 16,646 8.9 12.5 0.696 1
Cambodia 0.555 143 68.4 2,949 4.4 10.9 0.550 1
Egypt 0.690 108 71.1 10,512 6.6 13.5 0.689 -3
India 0.609 130 68.0 5,497 5.4 11.7 0.604 6
Indonesia 0.684 110 68.9 9,788 7.6 13.0 0.681 3
Philippines 0.668 115 68.2 7,915 8.9 11.3 0.664 -1
Syrian Arab Republic
0.594 134 69.6 2,728 6.3 12.3 0.608 -15
Vietnam 0.666 116 75.8 5,092 7.5 11.9 0.663 1

Low Human Development
Angola 0.532 149 52.3 6,822 4.7 11.4 0.530 1
Ethiopia 0.442 174 64.1 1,428 2.4 8.5 0.436 2
Myanmar 0.536 148 65.9 4,608 4.1 8.6 0.531 1
Nepal 0.548 145 69.6 2,311 3.3 12.4 0.543 3
Nigeria 0.514 152 52.8 5,341 5.9 9.0 0.510 2
Pakistan 0.538 147 66.2 4,866 4.7 7.8 0.536 0
Papua New Guinea 0.505 158 62.6 2,463 4.0 9.9 0.503 -2
Uganda 0.483 163 58.5 1,613 5.4 9.8 0.478 -2
World 0.711 71.5 14,301 7.9 12.2 0.709
(a) Data refer to 2014 or the most recent year available. Source : Human Development Report 2015, UNDP
182
WORLD TABLES
Table 15.7
Human Development Index 1990 - 2014
HDI Rank
Country 1990 2000 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2014
Very High Human Development
0.801 0.851 0.887 0.890 0.893 0.895 0.896
Australia 0.865 0.898 0.927 0.930 0.932 0.933 0.935 2
Canada 0.849 0.867 0.903 0.909 0.910 0.912 0.913 9
Finland 0.783 0.857 0.878 0.881 0.882 0.882 0.883 24
France 0.779 0.848 0.881 0.884 0.886 0.887 0.888 22
Germany 0.801 0.855 0.906 0.911 0.915 0.915 0.916 6
Hong Kong, China (SAR) 0.781 0.825 0.898 0.902 0.906 0.908 0.910 12
Iceland 0.802 0.859 0.892 0.896 0.897 0.899 0.899 16
Italy 0.766 0.829 0.869 0.873 0.872 0.873 0.873 27
Japan 0.814 0.857 0.884 0.886 0.888 0.890 0.891 20
Korea (Republic of) 0.731 0.821 0.886 0.891 0.893 0.895 0.898 17
Lithuania 0.730 0.754 0.827 0.831 0.833 0.837 0.839 37
Netherlands 0.829 0.877 0.909 0.919 0.920 0.920 0.922 5
New Zealand 0.820 0.874 0.905 0.907 0.909 0.911 0.913 9
Norway 0.849 0.917 0.940 0.941 0.942 0.942 0.944 1
Singapore 0.718 0.819 0.897 0.903 0.905 0.909 0.912 11
Spain 0.756 0.827 0.867 0.870 0.874 0.874 0.876 26
Sweden 0.815 0.897 0.901 0.903 0.904 0.905 0.907 14
Switzerland 0.831 0.888 0.924 0.925 0.927 0.928 0.930 3
United Arab Emirates 0.726 0.797 0.828 0.829 0.831 0.833 0.835 41
United Kingdom 0.773 0.865 0.906 0.901 0.901 0.902 0.907 14
United States 0.859 0.883 0.909 0.911 0.912 0.913 0.915 8
High Human Development 0.592 0.642 0.723 0.730 0.737 0.741 0.744
Algeria 0.574 0.640 0.725 0.730 0.732 0.734 0.736 83
China 0.501 0.588 0.699 0.707 0.718 0.723 0.727 90
Malaysia 0.641 0.723 0.769 0.772 0.774 0.777 0.779 62
Mexico 0.648 0.699 0.746 0.748 0.754 0.755 0.756 74
Maldives 0.603 0.683 0.690 0.695 0.703 0.706 104
Peru 0.613 0.677 0.718 0.722 0.728 0.732 0.734 84
Romania 0.703 0.706 0.784 0.786 0.788 0.791 0.793 52
Russian Federation 0.729 0.717 0.783 0.790 0.795 0.797 0.798 50
Sri Lanka 0.620 0.679 0.738 0.743 0.749 0.752 0.757 73
Thailand 0.572 0.648 0.716 0.721 0.723 0.724 0.726 93
Turkey 0.576 0.653 0.738 0.751 0.756 0.759 0.761 72
Venezuela (Bolivarian Rep.
of) 0.635 0.673 0.757 0.761 0.764 0.764 0.762 71
Medium Human Development 0.473 0.537 0.611 0.619 0.623 0.627 0.630
Bangladesh 0.386 0.468 0.546 0.559 0.563 0.567 0.570 142
Botswana 0.584 0.561 0.681 0.688 0.691 0.696 0.698 106
Cambodia 0.364 0.419 0.536 0.541 0.546 0.550 0.555 143
Egypt 0.546 0.622 0.681 0.682 0.688 0.689 0.690 108
India 0.428 0.496 0.586 0.597 0.600 0.604 0.609 130
Indonesia 0.531 0.606 0.665 0.671 0.678 0.681 0.684 110
Philippines 0.586 0.623 0.654 0.653 0.657 0.664 0.668 115
South Africa 0.621 0.632 0.643 0.651 0.659 0.663 0.666 116
Vietnam 0.475 0.575 0.653 0.657 0.660 0.663 0.666 116
Low Human Development 0.368 0.404 0.487 0.492 0.497 0.502 0.505
Angola 0.390 0.509 0.521 0.524 0.530 0.532 149
Ethiopia 0.284 0.412 0.423 0.429 0.436 0.442 174
Myanmar 0.352 0.425 0.520 0.524 0.528 0.531 0.536 148
Nepal 0.384 0.451 0.531 0.536 0.540 0.543 0.548 145
Nigeria 0.493 0.499 0.505 0.510 0.514 152
Papua New Guinea 0.353 0.424 0.493 0.497 0.501 0.503 0.505 158
Uganda 0.308 0.393 0.473 0.473 0.476 0.478 0.483 163
World 0.597 0.641 0.697 0.703 0.707 0.709 0.711
Source : Human Development Report 2015, UNDP
183
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ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL STATISTICS

OF SRI LANKA 2016

Central Bank of Sri Lanka

ISSN 1391 - 3611

Price : Rs. 300/-

1. KEY SOCIO-ECONOMIC INDICATORS

5.4 Minor Export Crops 44

8.9 Central Bank Trade Indices Unit Value 87

9. MONEY AND CAPITAL MARKETS

10. GOVERNMENT FINANCE

11. BANKING AND FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS

13.2 Average Monthly Household Expenditure on Selected Food/Non-Food Items by

15. WORLD TABLES

Sri Lanka Country Profile

Sq.km. 000 ha. Mn. acres SOCIAL INDICATORS

Population Growth (%) 0.9 (2014) 0.9 (2015)

North Central 1,312 9,741 135 2015 (b) 533,398 3,924

Imports (Goods, Services) Rs.Bn. 2,776 3,022 3,126 MONETARY SECTOR

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(a)

National Accounts (h)

GDP by Sectors, Constant Prices,% (h)

Expenditure and Savings at

Growth in Major Economic Activities (Constant Prices)

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Agriculture Industry Services Real GDP Growth

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(a)

(a) Provisional Sources : Department of Census and Statistics

Plantation Sector Production

Tea Rubber Coconut (Right)

Price Indices Twelve Month Average

Wage Rate Indices Twelve Month Average

(a) Provisional Sources : Department of Census and Statistics

Port Services (Colombo)

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014(a) 2015(b)

Balance of Payments (Billion of Rupees)

Balance of Payments (Millions of US Dollars)

Balance of Payments (Per Cent of GDP) (c)

Total External Assets

Exchange Rates (Annual Average)

(a) Revised Sources : Sri Lanka Customs

Monetary Aggregates, Rs. Bn.

Interest Rates (Year End),%

(a) Provisional Source : Central Bank of Sri Lanka

Movement of Selected Market Interest Rates

10 Standing Lending Facility Rate

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(a)

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014(a) 2015(b)

Selected Socio-Economic Indicators Graphical Illustrations

Population Selected Macroeconomic Indicators

Gross Value Added at Basic Prices Domestic Expenditure and Savings

Balance of Payments Fiscal Operations

Selected Socio-Economic Indicators Graphical Illustrations

Money Supply Selected Interest Rates

Reserve Money (M0)

GDP Per Capita/GDP Per Capita PPP World GDP Growth

Source : Department of Meteorology

Annual Rainfall, Millimetres

n.a. Not available Source : Department of Meteorology