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Syllabus For PHD & M. Phil (Physics) at AMU

The document outlines the syllabus for the M.Phil./Ph.D. admission test in physics. It covers 10 topics including mathematical methods of physics, classical mechanics, electromagnetic theory, quantum mechanics, thermodynamic and statistical physics, electronics, experimental techniques and data analysis, atomic and molecular physics, condensed matter physics, and nuclear and particle physics.

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Syed Asad
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620 views

Syllabus For PHD & M. Phil (Physics) at AMU

The document outlines the syllabus for the M.Phil./Ph.D. admission test in physics. It covers 10 topics including mathematical methods of physics, classical mechanics, electromagnetic theory, quantum mechanics, thermodynamic and statistical physics, electronics, experimental techniques and data analysis, atomic and molecular physics, condensed matter physics, and nuclear and particle physics.

Uploaded by

Syed Asad
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Syllabus for M.Phil./Ph.D.

Admission Test in Physics

I. Mathematical Methods of Physics

Dimensional analysis; Vector algebra and vector calculus; Linear algebra, matrices, Cayley
Hamilton theorem, eigenvalue problems; Linear differential equations; Special functions
(Hermite, Bessel, Laguerre and Legendre); Fourier series, Fourier and Laplace transforms;
Elements of complex analysis: Laurent series-poles, residues and evaluation of integrals;
Elementary ideas about tensors; Introductory group theory, SU(2), O(3); Elements of
computational techniques: roots of functions, interpolation, extrapolation, integration by trapezoid
and Simpson’s rule, solution of first order differential equations using Runge-Kutta method;
Finite difference methods; Elementary probability theory, random variables, binomial, Poisson
and normal distributions.

II. Classical Mechanics

Newton’s laws; Phase space dynamics, stability analysis; Central-force motion; Two-body
collisions, scattering in laboratory and centre-of-mass frames; Rigid body dynamics, moment of
inertia tensor, non-inertial frames and pseudoforces; Variational principle, Lagrangian and
Hamiltonian formalisms and equations of motion; Poisson brackets and canonical
transformations; Symmetry, invariance and conservation laws, cyclic coordinates; Periodic
motion, small oscillations and normal modes; Special theory of relativity, Lorentz
transformations, relativistic kinematics and mass–energy equivalence.

III. Electromagnetic Theory

Electrostatics: Gauss’ Law and its applications; Laplace and Poisson equations, boundary value
problems; Magnetostatics: Biot-Savart law, Ampere's theorem, electromagnetic induction;
Maxwell's equations in free space and linear isotropic media; boundary conditions on fields at
interfaces; Scalar and vector potentials; Gauge invariance; Electromagnetic waves in free space,
dielectrics, and conductors; Reflection and refraction, polarization, Fresnel’s Law, interference,
coherence, and diffraction; Dispersion relations in plasma; Lorentz invariance of Maxwell’s
equations; Transmission lines and wave guides; Dynamics of charged particles in static and
uniform electromagnetic fields; Radiation from moving charges, dipoles and retarded potentials.

IV. Quantum Mechanics

Wave-particle duality; Wave functions in coordinate and momentum representations;


Commutators and Heisenberg's uncertainty principle; Matrix representation; Dirac’s bra and ket
notation; Schroedinger equation (time-dependent and time-independent); Eigenvalue problems
such as particle-in-a-box, harmonic oscillator, etc.; Tunneling through a barrier; Motion in a
central potential; Orbital angular momentum, Angular momentum algebra, spin; Addition of
angular momenta; Hydrogen atom, spin-orbit coupling, fine structure; Time-independent
perturbation theory and applications; Variational method; WKB approximation; Time dependent
perturbation theory and Fermi's Golden Rule; Selection rules; Semi-classical theory of radiation;
Elementary theory of scattering, phase shifts, partial waves, Born approximation; Identical
particles, Pauli's exclusion principle, spin-statistics connection; Relativistic quantum mechanics:
Klein Gordon and Dirac equations.
V. Thermodynamic and Statistical Physics

Laws of thermodynamics and their consequences; Thermodynamic potentials, Maxwell relations;


Chemical potential, phase equilibria; Phase space, micro- and macrostates; Microcanonical,
canonical and grand-canonical ensembles and partition functions; Free Energy and connection
with thermodynamic quantities; First- and second-order phase transitions; Classical and quantum
statistics, ideal Fermi and Bose gases; Principle of detailed balance; Blackbody radiation and
Planck's distribution law; Bose-Einstein condensation; Random walk and Brownian motion;
Introduction to nonequilibrium processes; Diffusion equation.

VI. Electronics

Semiconductor device physics, including diodes, junctions, transistors, field effect devices, homo
and heterojunction devices, device structure, device characteristics, frequency dependence and
applications; Optoelectronic devices, including solar cells, photodetectors, and LEDs; High-
frequency devices, including generators and detectors; Operational amplifiers and their
applications; Digital techniques and applications (registers, counters, comparators and similar
circuits); A/D and D/A converters; Microprocessor and microcontroller basics.

VII. Experimental Techniques and data analysis

Data interpretation and analysis; Precision and accuracy, error analysis, propagation of errors,
least squares fitting, linear and nonlinear curve fitting, chi-square test; Transducers (temperature,
pressure/vacuum, magnetic field, vibration, optical, and particle detectors), measurement and
control; Signal conditioning and recovery, impedance matching, amplification (Op-amp based,
instrumentation amp, feedback), filtering and noise reduction, shielding and grounding; Fourier
transforms; lock-in detector, box-car integrator, modulation techniques.
Applications of the above experimental and analytical techniques to typical undergraduate and
graduate level laboratory experiments.

VIII. Atomic & Molecular Physics

Quantum states of an electron in an atom; Electron spin; Stern-Gerlach experiment; Spectrum of


Hydrogen, helium and alkali atoms; Relativistic corrections for energy levels of hydrogen;
Hyperfine structure and isotopic shift; width of spectral lines; LS & JJ coupling; Zeeman,
Paschen Back & Stark effect; X-ray spectroscopy; Electron spin resonance, Nuclear magnetic
resonance, chemical shift; Rotational, vibrational, electronic, and Raman spectra of diatomic
molecules; Frank – Condon principle and selection rules; Spontaneous and stimulated emission,
Einstein A & B coefficients; Lasers, optical pumping, population inversion, rate equation; Modes
of resonators and coherence length.

IX. Condensed Matter Physics

Bravais lattices; Reciprocal lattice, diffraction and the structure factor; Bonding of solids; Elastic
properties, phonons, lattice specific heat; Free electron theory and electronic specific heat;
Response and relaxation phenomena; Drude model of electrical and thermal conductivity; Hall
effect and thermoelectric power; Diamagnetism, paramagnetism, and ferromagnetism; Electron
motion in a periodic potential, band theory of metals, insulators and semiconductors;
Superconductivity, type – I and type - II superconductors, Josephson junctions; Defects and
dislocations; Ordered phases of matter, translational and orientational order, kinds of liquid
crystalline order; Conducting polymers; Quasicrystals.
X. Nuclear and Particle Physics

Basic nuclear properties: size, shape, charge distribution, spin and parity; Binding energy, semi-
empirical mass formula; Liquid drop model; Fission and fusion; Nature of the nuclear force, form
of nucleon-nucleon potential; Charge-independence and charge-symmetry of nuclear forces;
Isospin; Deuteron problem; Evidence of shell structure, single- particle shell model, its validity
and limitations; Rotational spectra; Elementary ideas of alpha, beta and gamma decays and their
selection rules; Nuclear reactions, reaction mechanisms, compound nuclei and direct reactions;
Classification of fundamental forces; Elementary particles (quarks, baryons, mesons, leptons);
Spin and parity assignments, isospin, strangeness; Gell-Mann-Nishijima formula; C, P, and T
invariance and applications of symmetry arguments to particle reactions, parity non-conservation
in weak interaction; Relativistic kinematics.

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