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Koppari Grounding and Bonding Against Static Electricity

This document discusses grounding and bonding against static electricity hazards. It identifies sources of ignition like gases and explains that static electricity is created when two surfaces contact and separate. Four conditions must exist for static electricity to be hazardous: a charge must develop, enough energy to cause ignition must build up, there must be a discharge spark, and the spark must occur where ignitable vapors exist. The document explains that bonding equalizes charges but grounding drains static charges by connecting to earth. It provides examples of where to ground and bond equipment and describes techniques like using copper wire and removing dirt. It also discusses planning for overhead power line hazards by surveying lines, identifying risks, eliminating hazards if possible, and having control plans if lines

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Wisnu Hartono
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254 views28 pages

Koppari Grounding and Bonding Against Static Electricity

This document discusses grounding and bonding against static electricity hazards. It identifies sources of ignition like gases and explains that static electricity is created when two surfaces contact and separate. Four conditions must exist for static electricity to be hazardous: a charge must develop, enough energy to cause ignition must build up, there must be a discharge spark, and the spark must occur where ignitable vapors exist. The document explains that bonding equalizes charges but grounding drains static charges by connecting to earth. It provides examples of where to ground and bond equipment and describes techniques like using copper wire and removing dirt. It also discusses planning for overhead power line hazards by surveying lines, identifying risks, eliminating hazards if possible, and having control plans if lines

Uploaded by

Wisnu Hartono
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Grounding and Bonding Against

Static Electricity
Jon Koppari, CSP, MS
Occupational Safety and Health Instructor
OSHA Training Institute
Objectives
Identify Sources of Ignition.
Identify Hazards associated with static
electricity.
Explain difference between grounding and
bonding.
Explain best practice techniques for grounding
and bonding.
Explain how to plan for overhead power line
hazards
Sources of Ignition
Hydrogen Sulfide H2S
Methane
Hydrocarbons
Natural Gas
Lightning
Flashlights
Electrical
???????
Static Electricity
An imbalance of electric charges within or on
the surface of a material.
Created whenever two surfaces contact and
separate.
When the positive and negative charges are
equal on both sides of the material.
Static Electricity
Other Examples
Belts and pulleys
Tires and the road
Fluid flow through a pipe
Agitation and mixing of fluids
Splash filling of flammable liquids
Static Electricity
For static electricity to be a hazard, four conditions
must be met:

There must be a means for a static charge to


develop.
Enough energy must build up to cause ignition.
There must be a discharge of this energy (a
spark).
The spark must occur in an ignitable vapor or
dust mixture.
Hazards of Static Electricity
BUR NS (Electrical)
ELECTR OCUTI ONS

SHOCK and FALL


AR C BLAST AR C FLASH (Therm al)
FI RE
EXPLOSI ONS
Grounding and Bonding
Grounding and Bonding
Bonding equalizes the potential charges, but
does not eliminate the static charge.
Grounding directly connects to earth through
a ground rod, copper pipe or building steel.
This allows for the static charge to be drained
away.
Grounding and Bonding Techniques

+++
+++
+++

Ground
Where to Ground and Bond
Rig substructure, derrick mast and other equipment.
A tank truck when loading and unloading
hydrocarbons.
Frak tanks during flow back
blending, pumping and sand transfer equipment.
Electrical panels, MCC, Switchboards, equipment and
motors (Equipment Grounding Conductor).
Mixing stations.
Portable generators.
????????
Grounding and Bonding Techniques
Connectors for bonding and grounding, such as copper wire and
clamps, must provide a good conductive path. To ensure this:

Must be permanent, effective and continuous.


Remove all dirt, paint, rust, or corrosion from areas where
connections are to be made.
Use connectors that are strong enough for the job.
Use flexible connectors where there is vibration or continuous
movement.
Connect metal to metal.
Protect ground clamps, and fittings and connectors from physical
damage.
Grounding and Bonding Techniques
Grounding and Bonding Techniques
Grounding and Bonding Techniques
Grounding Techniques
Grounding Techniques
Grounding Techniques
Grounds must not be connected to:
Electrical conduit systems
Plastic pipes
Gas or steam pipes
Dry pipe sprinkler systems
Lightning rods
Metal storage racks
Building support beams
Planning for Power Line Hazards
To help plan for and eliminate power line contacts, follow this process:
Survey; Locate the power lines on the job site.
Identify; Determine which activities and equipment will be at risk of contacting a
power line.
Eliminate; by having the utility company de-energize and visibly ground the line
or have them move the line a safe distance away.
Control; if the power line cannot be de-energized or moved, then take
precautionary measures and have a written plan.
Planning for Power Line Hazards
Planning for Power Line Hazards
Ground the Equipment that will be working near or
under the power lines
Have utility move power lines beyond the safe
working distance.
Planning for Power Line Hazards
Resources
NFPA 77 Recommended Practice on Static
Electricity

API RP 54 Occupational Safety for Oil and Gas


Well Drilling and Service Operations

API RP 2003 Protection Against Ignitions Arising


Out of Static, Lightning and Stray Currents

NEC NFPA 70 National Electrical Code Article 250


Any Questions

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