Model Question Paper

Subject Code: MCA4020 Book id : B1779

Subject Name: Probability and Statistics Credits: 4

Marks: 140

Section A- Descriptive Questions (4x10 = 40 marks)

Note: - Attempt any four questions

1. Explain in detail
a. Distribution function of continuous random variables
b. Joint density function of two-dimension random variables
2. Write in detail about
a. Five properties of expectation of single variable
b. Eight properties of covariance
3. Write in detail about
a. Quartile deviation
b. Mean deviation

4. Write in detail about the problems in the construction of Index Number

5. A and B throw with one dice for prize of Rs.11 which is to be won by player who
first throw 6. If A has the first throw, what are their respective expectations.

6. Explain in detail about

a. Testing Hypothesis for the difference between two means
b. Testing Hypothesis for the difference between two proportions
Section B- Multiple choice Questions
Answer all questions. Each question carries 1 mark. 50 * 1= 50 Marks
1. Two events A and B are independent if and only if P(AUB) is equal to which among
the following?
a. P(A) U P(B)
b. P(A)*P(B)
c. P(A) P(B)
d. P(A B)

2. Two or more events are independent if the occurrence of one _____________

the occurrence of the other.
a. is same as the
b. depends on
c. does not affect the
d. differs from the

3. All possible outcomes of an experiment are called which among the following?
a. mutually independent events
b. mutually exclusive events
c. independent events
d. exhaustive events

4. If f is a function (mapping) from S into the set R of all real numbers and X = f(s), sS,
then which among the following holds?
a. X is an independent variable
b. X is called a random variable on S
c. S is called a random variable on S
 d. S is an independent variable

5. Which is not a possible outcome of tossing 3 coins together?

a. HHTT
b. HTHH
c. TTTT
d. All of these

6. If (X, Y) is a two dimensional random variable, and if X & Y are independent

then V(X+Y)
a. V(X) + V(Y)
b. V(X) - V(Y)
c. V(X)*V(Y)
d. [V(X)+V(Y)] / sqrt[{V(X)*V(Y)}]

7. Measure of association between two random variables is called which of the

following?
a. convergence
b. covariance
c. conditional variance
d. conditional expectation

8. If X and Y are independent random variables, then E(XY) is equal to which of

the following?
a. E(X)+E(Y)
b. E(X)*E(Y)
c. [E(X)+E(Y)] / sqrt[{E(X)*E(Y)}]
d. [E(X)-E(Y)] / sqrt[{E(X)*E(Y)}]

9. The moment generating function of the sum of a number of independent random

variable is ________ the product of their respective moment generating functions.
a. greater than or equal to
 b. lesser than
c. equal to
d. lesser than or equal to

10. Which of the following is Not among the requisites of a good average?
a. should be based on all values
b. should be easy to calculate
c. should be affected by sampling fluctuation
d. should have sampling stability

11. Which of the following does Not fall among the category of averages?
a. Mathematical Average
b. Harmonic Average
c. Positional Average
d. Miscellaneous Averages

12. Which of the following method cannot be used to find the arithmetic mean
for individual series?
a. Indirect method
b. Direct method
c. Step deviation method
d. Short cut method

13. Geometric mean is _________ than arithmetic mean.

a. always larger
b. never larger
c. always lesser
d. never lesser

14. The total number of items of a value divided by the sum of reciprocal of values
of variable is known as which of the following?
 a. Harmonic mean
b. Deciles
c. Median
d. Weighted Arithmetic average

15. Most commonly used measures of central tendency is which of the following?
a. Step deviation method
b. Arithmetic average
c. Harmonic Mean
d. Geometric mean

16. The value which occurs with the maximum frequency is called __________.
a. Cumulative frequency
b. Quartile
c. Mode
d. Median

17. Absolute measure of variation does Not include which of the following?
a. Standard Deviations
b. Range
c. Quartile Deviations
d. Median deviation

18. Which among the following is the simplest method of studying variations?
a. Limits
b. Dispersion
c. Range
d. Deviation

19. Quartile divides the total frequency into how many equal parts?
a. Two
 b. Three
c. Four
d. Five

20. Which of the following term is Not used to describe standard deviation?
a. mean square error deviation
b. Mean error deviation
c. Variation
d. Root mean square deviation

21. Which of the following is Not among the properties of standard deviation?
a. is always lesser than zero
b. It is independent of origin
c. is the least of all RMS Deviations
d. It is not independent of scale

22. Which of the following is the requirement of Bernoulli Trials?

a. The probability of the outcome is random
b. Each trial has more than 2 outcomes
c. all the trails are mutually dependent
d. all the trails are statistically independent

23. Which of the following conditions is invalid regarding Binomial Random Variable?
a. Trails must be Bernoulli trails
b. Outcome should be success or failure
c. Outcome must be dependent
d. Probability of success must be constant

24. Standard normal distribution is the Normal distribution for which the mean is _____
and the variance is 1.
 a. Zero
b. One
c. Constant
d. Random variable

25. Which among the following is not a type of correlation?

a. Simple correlation
b. complex correlation
c. Linear correlation
d. Non linear Correlation

26. Two variables are said to be _________ correlated when the both the
variables under study move in same direction.
a. linearly
b. negatively
c. positively
d. perfectly

27. When both the variables changes at a constant rate irrespective of the change
in direction, then it is called _________correlation.
a. non-linear
b. simple
c. partial
d. perfect

28. Which of the following is NOT among the methods used to find the measurement of
correlation?
a. Scatter Diagram method
b. Karl Pearsons Coefficient method
c. Pearson's rank method
d. Spearmans Rank Coefficient method
29. The measure of the average relationship between two or more variables in terms
of the original units of the data is called which of the following?
a. deviation
b. regression
c. variation
d. dispersion

30. Multiple regression analysis can be used to find which of the following?

a. the estimates of the dependent variable from values of independent

variables
b. To obtain the measure of the error involved
c. To obtain a measure of the proportion of variance
d. all the above

31. Which of the following is not among the types of index number?
a. Price index number
b. Value Index Number
c. Weighted Index number
d. Quality Index number

32. Which of the following is not among the types of weighted aggregate method?
a. Laspeyres method
b. Relative method
c. Fishers method
d. Walschs method

33. Fishers Ideal Method index number is the geometric mean of Laspeyre and
________ method.
a. Dorbish
b. Bowleys
c. Paasches
d. Kellys
34. The consistency and adequacy of an index number formula CANNOT be verified
by which of the following?
a. Order reversal test
b. Factor reversal test
c. Time reversal test
d. Index reversal test

35. Time series is defined as the set of ordered pair of observation taken at __________
points of time.
a. equal
b. successive
c. progressive
d. random

36. Time series analysis plays a vital role in Business decision making for which of
the following?
a. Understanding of past behaviour
b. Planning future operation
c. Evaluating the performance
d. All the above

37. Which of the following is NOT among the elements of time series?
a. secular Trend
b. regular variations
c. cyclical variations
d. seasonal variations

38. Which of the following statements is not true regarding seasonal variations?

a. Not beneficial to customers, because it can be used from business

perspective only
b. used by businessmen in formulating their strategy
 c. used in fixing the price of articles in order to keep the things in demand
in particular time
d. used by producers in making their production schedule

39. Which among the following is NOT among the phases of business cycle?
a. decline
b. improvement
c. dispersion
d. Prosperity

40. Trend can be measured by which of the following?

a. Graphic or free hand curve fitting method
b. Method of Moving Averages
c. Method of Semi-Averages
d. All the above

41. Seasonal Trend can be measured by which of the following?

a. Residual method
b. Harmonic Analysis
c. Link Relative Method
d. Direct percentage method
42. Which of the following statement is Not true regarding Sampling?
a. Saving of time.
b. Reduced cost of the survey
c. Non precision of results
d. Adaptability

43. Which of the following is Not among the principles of sampling theory?
a. Principle of optimisation
b. Principle of persistence of small numbers
c. Principle of validity
d. Law of statistical equality
44. The principle of ________ aims at obtaining a desired level of efficiency at
minimum cost or obtaining maximum possible efficiency with given level of cost.
a. Validity
b. Optimisation
c. Persistence of Small Numbers
d. Inertia of Large Numbers

45. Compensatory errors are also known as which of the following?

a. Biased errors
b. Compiling errors
c. unbiased errors
d. Publication errors
46. Which of the following is not a type of probability sampling?
a. Judgment Sampling
b. Multi-stage Sampling
c. Systematic Sampling
d. Simple Random Sampling

47. Hypothesis testing is the opinion about the population parameter that may or
may not be in the _________ interval derived from the sample.
a. regular
b. confidence
c. equal
d. successive

48. _________ test is the test of any statistical hypothesis where the
Alternative hypothesis is written with the symbol .
a. One tailed
b. Two tailed
c. Right Tailed
d. Left Tailed
49. Cyclical variations can be measured by which of the following?
a. Direct percentage method
b. Ratio-to trend Method
c. Method of Simple averages
d. Ratio-to-moving Average Method

50. Which of the following principles states that other things being equal, as the
sample size increases, the results tend to be more reliable and accurate?
a. Principle of Validity
b. Principle of Inertia of Large Numbers
c. Principle of Optimisation
d. Principle of Persistence of Small Numbers

Two marks multiple choice questions (25x2=50 marks)

51. A die is tossed once. Let Y be an event such that Y = {odd number occurs on
the bottom}. What is the number of favourable outcomes of Y?
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4

52. A coin is tossed 6 times. Let T be an event such that T = {More tails than heads
showed}. What is the number of favourable outcomes of T?
a. 14
b. 22
c. 26
d. None of these
53. What is the numerical value of the exhaustive number of cases if you throw a dice
5 times?
a. 1296
b. 4616
c. 7776
d. 9636
54. ''Number of children' measurement is which of the following?
a. Qualitative random variable
b. Discrete random variable
c. Continuous random variable
d. Nominal random variable

55. A random variable X has the density function : f(x)

= 1/4 * kx^4 when -2<=x<=2

f(x) = 0 elsewhere.
What is the value of k?
a. 3/28
b. 9/32
c. 7/18
d. 5/16

56. A random variable y has p.m.f. f(y) as f(y) = y/9, y M where M = (-3, 0, 3). Then
what is the value of E(y)?
a. 2
b. 3
c. 4
d. 5

57. From a bag containing two 5 rupee coins and two 1 rupee coins, a person is asked
to draw 2 coins at random. Find the value of expectation in rupees.
a. 2
 b. 3
c. 4
d. 6

58. The pdf for the score for a randomly selected student is
X = 0; f(X) = 2
X = 1; f(X) = 5
What is the moment generating function of the random variable X?
t
a. 10e
t
b. e +10
t
c. 2e +5
t
d. 5e +2
59. Calculate the fourth moment about origin with the help of mgf of probability
density function f(x) = e-x, 0 <= x < .
a. 16
b. 20
c. 24
d. 30

60. There are 13 men, 13 women and 22 children in a tour group. The mean weight of
men is 80 kgs, women is 65 kgs and the mean weight of the whole group is around
52 kgs. Then what is the approximate mean weight of the children of the group?
a. 30
b. 35
c. 40
d. 45

61. What is the GM of the numbers 8, 125 & 216?

a. 30
b. 60
c. 90
 d. 120

62. What is the cofficient of range of the following discrete series?

22, 36, 32, 33, 45, 67, 54, 70, 37, 46, 28, 25, 72, 18, 19, 82, 76, 49, 73, 80, 27, 65, 62.
a. 0.48
b. 0.55
c. 0.59
d. 0.64

63. What is the mean deviation for the following

data? 20, 25, 35, 40, 45, 75
a. 10.33
b. 12.33
c. 13.33
d. 15.33
64. 4 coins are tossed. Find the probability of getting exactly 2 heads.
a. 1/4
b. 3/8
c. 5/12
d. 7/16

65. The probability that an employee gets promoted in his job is 10%. In a firm having six
employees, what is the probability that none of the employees get promoted?
a. 0.45
b. 0.48
c. 0.53
d. 0.57

66. Which among the following is the correct formula for Spearman's Rank Cofficient
Method?
2 2
a. 1-[6D /(N -N)]
 2
b. 1-[6D/(N -N)]
3 3 2
c. 1-[6D /(N - N )]
2 3
d. 1-[6D /(N -N)]

67. If the Laspeyre and Paasche Price Index for a particular year are 121 and 144
respectively, which among the following is the correct value of the Fisher's
Price Index for that particular year?
a. 128
b. 132
c. 136
d. 138

68. If the Laspeyre and Fisher index for a particular year are 169 and 182 respectively,
which if the following is the correct value of the Dorbey and Bowley's Index for
that particular year?
a. 177.5
b. 179.5
c. 180.5
d. 182.5

69. Which of the following is the correct formula for sample size of a finite population?
2 2 2
a. z pqN/[e (N-1) + z pq)]
2 3
b. zpqN/[e (N-1) + z pq)]
2 2
c. z pqN/[e (N-1) + zpq)]
3 2 2
d. z pqN/[e (N-1) + z pq)]

70. The mean life time of a sample of 100 electrical bulbs produced by a company is
found to be 1,560 hours with standard deviation of 80 hours. What is the z value
for the hypothesis that the mean life time of the bulbs produced by the company is
1,600 hrs?
a. -4.5
 b. -4
c. -3
d. -5

71. Which of the following are the methods used for finding arithmetic mean for
individual series?
A. step deviation method, short series method
B. Direct method, short series method
c. Direct method, step deviation method
D. indirect method, short cut method
72. Which of the following are metrics of GM (Geometric Mean)
A. GM is best suited for averages and ratios, it is less affected by extreme values
B. GM is simple to understand, it has restricted applications
C. GM is can be computed if any of the item is r negative, it requires computational
skill.
D. GM is simple to understand, it is less affected by extreme values

73. Match the following

i. Mode
ii.Grouping method
iii. Inspection method

a. in this method, the values of mode is determined by inspecting the series.

the value whose frequency is maximum is the mode.
b. In this method, there may be cases when the value having the highest
frequency
may not be the modal value.
c. It is the value of variable which is repeated the greatest number of times in
the series.
A. i-b, ii-a iii-c
B. i-a, ii-c, iii-b
C. i-c, ii-b, iii-a
D. i-a,ii-b, iii-c
74. Which of the following methods are used to measure the correction between the
varibakes
A. Scatter Diagram Method
B. Karl Pearson's Coefficient method
C. Spearman;s Rank Coeffient method
D. all of the above
75. When the data of time series gives a curve instead of straight line then the trend is
called____________
A. Linear B.Straight line C. NOn-Linear D. curved

Answer Keys

Q. No. Ans. Key Q. No. Ans. Key Q. No. Ans. Key Q. No. Ans. Key
1 A 21 A 41 C 61 B
2 B 22 D 42 C 62 D
3 C 23 C 43 D 63 C
4 B 24 A 44 B 64 B
5 C 25 B 45 C 65 C
6 A 26 C 46 A 66 D
7 B 27 D 47 B 67 B
8 B 28 C 48 B 68 D
9 C 29 B 49 A 69 A
10 C 30 D 50 B 70 D
11 B 31 D 51 C 71 C
12 A 32 B 52 B 72 A
13 B 33 C 53 C 73 C
14 A 34 D 54 B 74 D
15 B 35 B 55 D 75 C
16 C 36 D 56 A
17 D 37 B 57 B
18 C 38 A 58 D
19 C 39 C 59 C
20 C 40 D 60 A