16.11.

2011 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 298/83

LEVEL

B2

Ignition systems and components;

Maintenance safety requirements.

MODULE 15. GAS TURBINE ENGINE

LEVEL

A B1

15.1 Fundamentals 1 2

Potential energy, kinetic energy, Newtons laws of motion, Brayton cycle;

The relationship between force, work, power, energy, velocity, acceleration;

Constructional arrangement and operation of turbojet, turbofan, turboshaft, turboprop.

15.2 Engine Performance 2

Gross thrust, net thrust, choked nozzle thrust, thrust distribution, resultant thrust, thrust
horsepower, equivalent shaft horsepower, specific fuel consumption;

Engine efficiencies;

By-pass ratio and engine pressure ratio;

Pressure, temperature and velocity of the gas flow;

Engine ratings, static thrust, influence of speed, altitude and hot climate, flat rating, limitations.

15.3 Inlet 2 2

Compressor inlet ducts

Effects of various inlet configurations;

Ice protection.

15.4 Compressors 1 2

Axial and centrifugal types;

Constructional features and operating principles and applications;

Fan balancing;

Operation:

Causes and effects of compressor stall and surge;

Methods of air flow control: bleed valves, variable inlet guide vanes, variable stator vanes,
rotating stator blades;

Compressor ratio.

15.5 Combustion Section 1 2

Constructional features and principles of operation.

L 298/84 EN Official Journal of the European Union 16.11.2011

LEVEL

A B1

15.6 Turbine Section 2 2

Operation and characteristics of different turbine blade types;

Blade to disk attachment;

Nozzle guide vanes;

Causes and effects of turbine blade stress and creep.

15.7 Exhaust 1 2

Constructional features and principles of operation;

Convergent, divergent and variable area nozzles;

Engine noise reduction;

Thrust reversers.

15.8 Bearings and Seals 2

Constructional features and principles of operation.

15.9 Lubricants and Fuels 1 2

Properties and specifications;

Fuel additives;

Safety precautions.

15.10 Lubrication Systems 1 2

System operation/lay-out and components.

15.11 Fuel Systems 1 2

Operation of engine control and fuel metering systems including electronic engine control
(FADEC);

Systems lay-out and components.

15.12 Air Systems 1 2

Operation of engine air distribution and anti-ice control systems, including internal cooling,
sealing and external air services.

15.13 Starting and Ignition Systems 1 2

Operation of engine start systems and components;

Ignition systems and components;

Maintenance safety requirements.

15.14 Engine Indication Systems 1 2

Exhaust Gas Temperature/Interstage Turbine Temperature;

16.11.2011 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 298/85

LEVEL

A B1

Engine Thrust Indication: Engine Pressure Ratio, engine turbine discharge pressure or jet pipe
pressure systems;

Oil pressure and temperature;

Fuel pressure and flow;

Engine speed;

Vibration measurement and indication;

Torque;

Power.

15.15 Power Augmentation Systems 1

Operation and applications;

Water injection, water methanol;

Afterburner systems.

15.16 Turbo-prop Engines 1 2

Gas coupled/free turbine and gear coupled turbines;

Reduction gears;

Integrated engine and propeller controls;

Overspeed safety devices.

15.17 Turbo-shaft Engines 1 2

Arrangements, drive systems, reduction gearing, couplings, control systems.

15.18 Auxiliary Power Units (APUs) 1 2

Purpose, operation, protective systems.

15.19 Powerplant Installation 1 2

Configuration of firewalls, cowlings, acoustic panels, engine mounts, anti-vibration mounts,

hoses, pipes, feeders, connectors, wiring looms, control cables and rods, lifting points and
drains.

15.20 Fire Protection Systems 1 2

Operation of detection and extinguishing systems.

15.21 Engine Monitoring and Ground Operation 1 3

Procedures for starting and ground run-up;

Interpretation of engine power output and parameters;

L 298/86 EN Official Journal of the European Union 16.11.2011

LEVEL

A B1

Trend (including oil analysis, vibration and boroscope) monitoring;

Inspection of engine and components to criteria, tolerances and data specified by engine
manufacturer;

Compressor washing/cleaning;

Foreign Object Damage.

15.22 Engine Storage and Preservation 2

Preservation and depreservation for the engine and accessories/systems.

MODULE 16. PISTON ENGINE

LEVEL

A B1 B3

16.1 Fundamentals 1 2 2

Mechanical, thermal and volumetric efficiencies;

Operating principles 2 stroke, 4 stroke, Otto and Diesel;

Piston displacement and compression ratio;

Engine configuration and firing order.

16.2 Engine Performance 1 2 2

Power calculation and measurement;

Factors affecting engine power;

Mixtures/leaning, pre-ignition.

16.3 Engine Construction 1 2 2

Crank case, crank shaft, cam shafts, sumps;

Accessory gearbox;

Cylinder and piston assemblies;

Connecting rods, inlet and exhaust manifolds;

Valve mechanisms;

Propeller reduction gearboxes.

16.4 Engine Fuel Systems

16.4.1 Carburettors 1 2 2

Types, construction and principles of operation;

Icing and heating.