New Guinea Tropical Ecology12
New Guinea Tropical Ecology12
New Guinea Tropical Ecology12
Biodiversity Digest
Please send all contributions and corrections to either the mail, fax, or email address listed below.
mail: Debra Wright, P.O. Box 277, Goroka EHP, Papua New Guinea, fax: (675) 732-2461, email: dwright@wcs.org
This issue we want to thank the Wildlife Conservation Society for providing financial support -- this is much appreciated!
If you have internet access, the digest is available on the web at: http://www.wcs.org/home/wild/Asia/686/
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We try to get a new issue out every six months so the information stays relatively up-to-date. Please dont forget to send in
any information you can contribute!
Update on Agarwood
From James Compton, Traffic
TRAFFIC Oceania and WWF South Pacific sustainable management of harvest and trade cannot provide
Programme, in collaboration with the Secretariat of the definitive direction until a best practice model is developed.
Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species Botanical and forestry knowledge of agarwood-producing
(CITES), published a report The Final Frontier: Towards species in PNG and West Papua is relatively low. Therefore,
Sustainable Management of Papua New Guineas Agarwood the design of a management plan would be best developed
Resource in October 2001. The report, launched in with the technical expertise of individuals with experience
conjunction with the PNG National Forest Service, was based gleaned from other range states for agarwood-producing
on field surveys conducted in East Sepik province and marks species. In addition, many of these range states have witnessed
the first step in getting to grips with the harvest of trees substantial over-harvest of agarwood in the past 30 years to
producing this non-timber forest product in PNG. It satisfy increasing market demand.
recommends several follow-up activities and advocates that Agarwood, eaglewood, gaharu and aloeswood are all
further research addresses agarwood issues germane to the names for the resinous, fragrant and highly valuable
Indonesian province of West Papua (Irian Jaya) and links the heartwood produced primarily by Aquilaria species, in the
New Guinea situation to the global trade in agarwood. family Thymelaeaceae. Over 1000 tonnes of agarwood was
While there is significant potential in the sustainable reported in international trade in 1998 under the name
development of agarwood as an eco-enterprise in New Guinea Aquilaria malaccensis although there are 15 species in the
and other source areas, several challenges remain. The enigma genus and eight are known to produce agarwood. Aquilaria
of agarwood formation (it is found naturally in approximately malaccensis is the only species listed on CITES Appendix II.
10-20% of mature trees in some species of the genera Populations of eight Aquilaria species have declined to the
Aquilaria and Gyrinops) means that the in-situ management point where they are categorised as threatened according to
needs are somewhat unclear. At this stage, the work being IUCN Red List Categories. Of these, six are considered at risk
conducted in New Guinea, while it has clear goals of from over-exploitation for agarwood.
4
In PNG the gaharu resource is newly discovered and Grading gaharu is a complicated process of
interest in the harvest and trade is still rising. At this stage, evaluating the size, colour, odour, weight and flammability of
both under-exploited as well as unexploited stands of gaharu the wood. Application of grade codes (Super A, A, B, C, D, E)
still exist. Villagers are still learning how to harvest agarwood also varies between buyers.
and manage the trees. PNG therefore provides a unique Asian buyers are mostly based in Vanimo, though
opportunity to promote the establishment of a sustainable several have been reported to buy in Wewak when there is
agarwood industry. Understanding of the dynamics of the demand. Most Asian buyers have PNG nationals working for
trade and developing an appropriate regulatory framework at them who are sent as agents out to the village communities
local community and national levels may still enable the to assay and purchase gaharu. In the villages the prices paid in
sustainable management and conservation of viable Kina per gram or kilogram, but buyers are paying the
populations, something that has not really been achieved in equivalent of up to USD450 per kilo for A class agarwood.
other agarwood source countries. Regulatory Environment and Government
Identification: Herbarium specimens collected in Institutions: At present, the PNG Forest Authority has
East Sepik and Sandaun Provinces, from agarwood-producing specified that the following documents need to be obtained in
trees, have been identified as Gyrinops ledermanii Domke on order to legally trade in Eaglewood (agarwood) from PNG:
the basis of flowering and fruiting material. At present, there 1) Certificate of Company Registration;
are three agarwood-producing species known from New 2) Forest Industry Participant Certificate;
Guinea; Aquilaria filaria, Gyrinops versteegii and G. 3) Timber License (plus PGK50,000 bond);
ledermannii. The former two are only recorded from West 4) Export License (for each shipment).
Papua (Indonesia), however it is conceivable that these two Conservation status: Gyrinops ledermannii does
species also occur in PNG and that there are more agarwood- appear to be under significant threat at the population level
producing species than is presently known. Further surveys from felling by villagers in their efforts to harvest gaharu. The
and herbarium specimens of gaharu-producing plants are volume of trade is certainly much greater than that being
needed from New Guinea and nearby islands to establish the recorded at present. Further data is required to enable
identity and distribution of the species involved. confident application of an IUCN conservation category for
Taxonomy: The recording of another Gyrinops Gyrinops ledermannii.
species that produces gaharu emphasises the need for further Recommended actions: Cooperation is needed
taxonomic research into the relationship between Aquilaria between the stakeholders to develop management programs
and Gyrinops. These are closely related genera and only able for harvesting and trade in agarwood, including further
to be consistently distinguished on the basis of a single engagement with community groups in the decision-making
character. In Aquilaria the number of stamens is twice the and management process. At the national level, co-operation
number of the petals (ie. 10) while in Gyrinops there are equal has begun with the establishment of the Inter-Agency
numbers of stamens as petals (ie. 5). Committee, comprising representatives from the PNG
Geographical and Ecological Distribution: The National Forest Service, PNG Forest Research Institute, PNG
occurrence of Gyrinops ledermannii has only been confirmed Office of Environment and Conservation and the PNG Internal
from Sandaun and East Sepik Provinces. Anecdotal Revenue Commission.
information from villagers and buyers indicates the possible National and regional management plans need to be
occurrence of agarwood-producing species in other provinces developed that provide for the development of best practice
of Papua New Guinea. harvesting guidelines, grading guidelines, and the
Gyrinops ledermannii has been observed as a mid- development of a business enterprise model to promote the
canopy tree species in lowland forests on mountains, hills and independence of local communities and resource owners.
slopes probably below 1000 m altitude and in flat areas with a Awareness raising and training materials need to be
seasonally high water table but not inundated for long periods. developed and should be targeted at different groups including
Soils are usually sticky yellow to red clays, with a thin humus landowners, traders, government officials and other
layer and often with a dense surface root mat. Distribution of commercial operations. Until more knowledge is available on
plants in the forest appears to be strongly clumped with often a the management needs of the species being harvested, the
very high but localised density of trees. focus should be on promoting less destructive harvesting, the
Harvest and Trade Dynamics: Substantial conservation of immature trees, and planting regimes.
Agarwood trade from Papua New Guinea began around 1997 Research is necessary for the development of a
in Sandaun Province. Trade from East Sepik Province began conservation and management strategy that incorporates both
in 1998. Early Asian buyers to visit the villages taught in-situ and ex-situ goals. This includes research into the
villagers to identify trees and techniques to harvest and clean species biology and ecology, agarwood formation, fungal
agarwood. pathology and propagation techniques. Research into
Agarwood normally forms where the tree has techniques for villagers to undertake propagation of seedlings,
sustained damage, either in the roots, the branches or in the enrichment planting and the establishment of woodlots is also
trunk. Villagers were told to cut out small amounts of the needed to ensure future access to an agarwood resource.
darker, resinous wood using their knives, but leave the tree Further field surveys in PNG are currently being planned by
standing. Only if there were large amounts of agarwood in the Australias CSIRO in conjunction with FRI.
heartwood were they told to cut the tree down. In practice, As part of a national management strategy, a strong
villagers find these techniques time consuming and physically legislative framework is required to control and monitor
demanding, and trees are often chopped down to check the harvesting and trade in agarwood.
trunk, branches and roots.
5
For more information, contact Tim Dawson, WWFs The PDF version of the report can be downloaded from
Sustainable Forest Management co-ordinator for PNG www.traffic.org
tdawson@wwfpacific.org.pg , Or James Compton at
TRAFFIC Oceania jcompton@traffico.org
Dispersion, habitat use, hunting behaviour, vocalizations and conservation status of the
New Guinea Harpy Eagle (Harpyopsis novaeguineae)
Mark Watson, The Game Conservancy Trust, Fordingbridge, Hampshire, SP6 1EH U.K.
and Smith Asoyama, Herowana Village, c/o Research and Conservation Foundation. Box 1261, Goroka, EHP, PNG
Abstract--We studied dispersion, habitat use, Cassowary (Casuarius bennetti), New Guinea Megapode
hunting behavior, vocalizations and conservation status of the (Megapodius decollatus) and an arboreal marsupial. Eagles
New Guinea Harpy Eagle (Harpyopsis novaeguineae) from called mainly by day, near sunup. Spectrogram analysis
December 1998 to October 1999 in Crater Mountain Wildlife revealed two main types of call. A continuous, low frequency
Management Area (CMWMA), Eastern Highlands Province, call was used to advertise territory and for contact between
Papua New Guinea. From territory mapping it was estimated mates over distances <2 km. A higher frequency, chicken-like
that mean home range size was 13.0 km2/pair (n=5, SD=3.9). call was used in interactions between individuals that were
However, one pair was followed on 42 d over 4 mo and was close to each other and during hunting, perhaps as a stimulus
only ever recorded in an area of 0.25 km2. We observed the or lure for prey. In contrast to the rest of the Highlands, eagles
male hunting in this area 6 d for a total of 510 min. A small were protected from hunting inside CMWMA under
sample of prey items included ground-dwelling species such agreements between villagers and international conservation
as forest wallaby (Dorcopsulus sp.), juvenile Dwarf organizations. The Peregrine Fund funded this research.
9
IPCA set to begin biological survey with BP in Papua
From INCL: Indo-Pacific Conservation News, Vol. 2 (1), January 2002
IPCA is set to carry out full scale rapid biological Our research teams are composed of expert
assessment of the new British Petroleum (BP) natural gas international and Indonesian scientists. Participating biologists
project areas in Tangguh, Papua, Indonesia. The Tangguh include Dr. Wayne Takeuchi (PNG Forest Research Institute),
project, with an estimated cost of at least $2 billion, will be R. Maturbongs (University of Papua), Dr. Vojtech Novotny
one of BP's global flagship projects. Our survey, which is set (Smithsonian), M. Amir (LIPI - Indonesian Institute of
to begin in early February 2002, will be a joint effort between Sciences), Dr. Scott Miller (Smithsonian), Dr. Gerald Allen
IPCA, BP, and P.T. Hatfindo Prima, an affiliate of Hatfield (West Australian Museum), Mr. Samuel Renyaan
Associates, a Canadian consulting firm. When fully (Cenderawasih University), Dr. Allen Allison (Bishop
operational in 2006, the liquefied natural gas (LNG) facilities Museum), Dr. Helen Kurniati (LIPI), Dr. Bas van Balen
of Tangguh will produce approximately 7 million tons of LNG (Wageningen University), Dr. James Menzies (University of
per year. BP indicates that among its top priorities is to Adelaide), and others. The combined local and international
improve health and education services for nearby villages and experience encourages two-way transfer of scientific and local
7,000 people directly affected by the project, as well as to knowledge between local and international scientists. The
have as small a "footprint" on local rainforest and mangrove survey will also support the broader endeavor of documenting
habitat as possible. Papua's flora and fauna for purposes of conservation biology
This survey follows a site visit to Tangguh by Burke and natural resource management in the province.
Burnett, IPCA Executive Director, in March 2001. His report The Indo-Pacific Conservation Alliance (IPCA) is a
to BP highlighted the urgent need for this survey, in order to non-profit scientific and educational organization dedicated to
better understand the biodiversity of Tangguh and how it will the study and conservation of the native ecosystems of the
be affected by changing land uses both on-site and in adjacent tropical Indo-Pacific region and support for traditional peoples
areas that have been converted to oil palm plantations by in their stewardship of these globally significant natural
companies unrelated to BP. The Bomberai Peninsula where resources.
Tangguh is located is, like much of Papua, poorly understood To subscribe to the IPCA newsletter or for more
and under-documented scientifically. Our survey will address information please contact: Indo-Pacific Conservation
BP's need to document the flora and fauna of Tangguh, while Alliance, 1620-D Belmont Street, NW, Washington, DC
also providing critical data that conservation science requires 20009, Tel. 202-939-9773, Fax 202-265-1169, Email:
to plan and manage sustainable development and conservation info@indopacific.org or burnett@indopacific.org In
initiatives in Papua. IPCA believes that this sort of project Indonesia, Tel: 021-780-0050, Email: ipcaindo@rad.net.id,
illustrates how "win-win" solutions can result when scientists WWW: http://www.indopacific.org
and conservation organizations work in partnership with
responsible corporations.
Table 2. Macromineral content of domestic cultivars of Ficus, Musa, and Psidium spp. fed to birds of paradise in the United
States (data from USDA Table of Food Composition).
Domestic species Ca K Mg Na P Ca:P
<------------------- % of dry matter ---------------->
Fig 0.17 1.11 0.08 0.0 0.07 2.43
Banana 0.02 1.54 0.11 0.0 0.08 0.25
Guava 0.14 2.04 0.07 0.02 0.18 0.78
Table 3. Macrominerals in locally-collected fruits fed to captive birds of paradise in Papua, New Guinea.
Species Cr Cu Fe Mn Zn
<------------------- g/g dry matter ------------------------>
Ficus sp3 <0.20 7.60 40.1 15.6 33.2
Ficus sp4 0.73 16.10 52.0 15.3 45.4
Musa spp <0.20 <0.10 29.8 10.9 7.1
Musa spp 25.6 7.64 1890 84.2 38.6
Pandanus julianettii 0.8 9.61 26.0 8.0 18.8
Psidium guajava <0.20 4.01 30.9 4.5 10.6
Tectoma sp. 0.87 0.93 25.5 2.3 29.6
Literature Cited
Dierenfeld, E.S., M.T. Pini, and C.D. Sheppard. 1994. Hemosiderosis and Dietary Iron in Birds. J. Nutr. 124:2685S-
2686S.
Klasing, K.C. 1998. Comparative Avian Nutrition. CAB International, Wallingford. 356 pp.
OBrien, T.G., M.F. Kinnaird, E.S. Dierenfeld, N.L. Conklin-Brittain, S.C. Silver, and R.W. Wrangham. 1998.
Whats So Special About Figs: a Pantropical Mineral Analysis. Nature 392:668.
Steams, D.M. 2000. Is chromium a trace essential metal? Biofactors 1:149-162.
Announcements
and Requests
This section is for anyone to use. You can send in announcements (for example, to advertise an upcoming meeting). You can
also send in any requests for information that you think other newsletter recipients could help with (for example, if you are
writing a paper about forest structure and want to find out who is currently working in this area or who you could collaborate
with or exchange info with). Please send any announcements or information requests to Deb.
Ramsar Small Grants Fund for Wetland Conservation and Wise Use (SGF)
The Wetland Conservation Fund (subsequently humankind and compatible with the maintenance of the
renamed the Ramsar Small Grants Fund for Wetland natural properties of the ecosystem". The SGF Operational
Conservation and Wise Use (SGF)) was created in 1990 in Guidelines for the Triennium 2000-2002 put emphasis on the
order to provide assistance for wetland conservation and wise implementation of the Ramsar Strategic Plan 1997-2002, and
use initiatives in developing countries and (since 1996) project proposals must demonstrate the potential to assist in
countries with economies in transition. Its allocations are not fulfilling specific Strategic Plan objectives.
intended to support major projects traditionally covered by All of the required forms for applying to the Small
larger funding agencies. Grants Fund are included in the Operational Guidelines at
The wise use concept has been defined as "the http://ramsar.org/key_sgf_index.htm
sustainable utilisation of wetlands for the benefit of
Seacology grants
Are you working with an island community that preservation projects. Please note that Seacology does not
requires funding for a marine conservation project? fund salaries, academic programs or basic research.
A call for proposals is being made by Seacology, the A brief proposal can be submitted by e-mail and
world's premier NGO that exclusively aims to protect the should contain the following information: a description of the
environments or cultures of islands throughout the world. island; the problem addressed; the proposed solution; a
Grants in the range of $2,000 to $35,000 are available for description of how the local island population is involved with
selected marine conservation projects in Indonesia, project implementation; a budget; and three references.
Philippines, Thailand, Malaysia and Papua New Guinea where For further information, please contact Arnaz Mehta,
both the local environment is protected and islanders receive Seacology, SE Asia Representative, Email:
some tangible benefit for doing so. Preference will be given to arnaz@manado.wasantara.net.id WWW:
projects that result in mutually beneficial trade-offs, http://www.seacology.org
environmentally sustainable micro-enterprises and marine
Research Sites
This section is for contributions describing research facilities in New Guinea. If you have information about a place where
researchers are welcome to come and work, please send a summary. Include the location, altitude, available facilities, logistics
of getting there, and a contact name, address and fax number. Thanks!
Research facilities we have covered in past issues include: Crater Mountain Biological Research Station, Motupore Island
Research Department, Ivimka Research Station, Mekil Research Station, Mahonia Na Dari Research and Conservation Centre,
Kamiali Training Centre and Guest House, PNG National Museum and Art Gallery, and the Natural Science Resource Center
of UPNG.
To subscribe to the INCL or if you have questions or contributions for inclusion: send an e-mail to Muchamad Muchtar
(ngo-move@indo.net.id) or Ed Colijn (edcolijn@bart.nl)
The Indonesian Nature Conservation newsLetter (INCL) is a non-profit internet e-mail list for announcements and
news about topics related to nature conservation in Indonesia. Messages appear in digest format and are sent out once a week in
the following formats:
1. English language issue with announcements and press clippings in plain text format (about 100 kB/week)
2. The above in HTML format
3. Bahasa Indonesia issue with announcements and press clippings in plain text format (about 150 kB/week)
4. The above in HTML format
To subscribe to the journal Science in New Guinea, contact Ray Kumar, fax: (675) 326-0369 or email:
ray.kumar@upng.ac.pg
19
Soon from Larry Orsak, WWF Kikori ICDP, P.O. Box 842, Port Moresby NCD, Papua New Guinea, Email:
larry@datec.net.pg
Amongst other things, up here at Moro, one of the former CRI 'mangi binatangs' and I are finalizing a CD-catalogue
of the KICDP's posters and leaflets which we plan to distribute to all the NGOs we can think of, along with a complete hard
copy, in a couple more months. I'm also writing a manual for 'community entry' for Conservation Melanesia which we hope to
finalise by mid-year and get published!
From Andrew Isles Natural History Books, Rear of 115-117 Greville Street, (PO Box 2305), Prahran 3181, Australia,
Phone [61] (03) 9510 5750 4 lines, Fax [61] (03) 9529 1256, Email to: books@AndrewIsles.com
Search our online catalogue: www.AndrewIsles.com/search.htm
[1261 ] Henty, E. E., editor. Handbooks of the flora of Papua New Guinea, volume two. Melbourne: 1981. Dustwrapper, 276
pp., line drawings. AU$20.00
[1257 ] Womersley, John S., editor. Handbooks of the flora of Papua New Guinea, Volume one. Melbourne: 1978.
Dustwrapper, 278 pp., line drawings. AU$20.00
[9085 ] Conn, Barry J., editor. Handbooks of the flora of Papua New Guinea, volume three. Melbourne: 1995. Dustwrapper,
292 pp., line drawings. AU$20.00
20
[9040 ] Flannery, Tim. Mammals of New Guinea. Chatswood: (1995 revised and updated edition). Quarto, dustwrapper, 568
pp., colour photographs, maps.Was AU$75.00. AU$30.00
[2365 ] Flannery, Tim. Mammals of the South-West Pacific and Moluccan Islands. Chatswood: 1995. Quarto, dustwrapper,
464 pp., colour photographs.This book covers 230 indigenous species of mammals, which have been located on over 250
islands. There are species accounts, focussing on living native species, with introduced and prehistorically extinct species dealt
with separately. Was AU$80.00. AU$30.00
Scientific Literature
If you havent sent your publication list in yet (your papers about New Guinea), please send these citations to Debra
so we can include them in a future issue. It doesnt matter if you have one paper, or 30 papers-- the rest of us want to know
about it! We would really like to know what you have found out about New Guinea; that is the purpose for this newsletterto
share information. If you have more than one page of citations, please send your list on disk or by email (preferably in Word)
if possible-- thanks! In addition, dont forget that we offer a reference-finding service for those of us without inter-library loan.
If you need a particular reference and cannot find it or do not have access to it, please write and we will see if we can find it for
you and send it to you. (Not just the citations in the newsletter, you can request any citation).
Amphibians- from James Menzies
Menzies, J.I. The jaw, shoulder and hyoid muscles of Oreophryne and Albericus (Anura: Microhylidae) of New Guinea. Science
in New Guinea 26, 3-26.
Sent in from Robin Hide from Web of Science search for papua/irian 2001-2002
Thornton IWB. Colonization of an island volcano, Long Island, Papua New Guinea, and an emergent island,
Motmot, in its caldera lake. I. General introduction. J BIOGEOGR 28 (11-12): 1299-1310 NOV-DEC 2001.
Harrison RD, Banka R, Thornton IWB, et al. Colonization of an island volcano, Long Island, Papua New Guinea,
and an emergent island, Motmot, in its caldera lake. II. The vascular flora.
J BIOGEOGR 28 (11-12): 1311-1337 NOV-DEC 2001.
Schipper C, Shanahan M, Cook S, et al. Colonization of an island volcano, Long Island, Papua New Guinea, and
an emergent island, Motmot, in its caldera lake. III. Colonization by birds.
J BIOGEOGR 28 (11-12): 1339-1352 NOV-DEC 2001.
Shanahan M, Harrison RD, Yamuna R, et al. Colonization of an island volcano, Long Island, Papua New Guinea,
and an emergent island, Motmot, in its caldera lake. V. Colonization by figs (Ficus spp.), their dispersers
and pollinators. J BIOGEOGR 28 (11-12): 1365-1377 NOV-DEC 2001.
Edwards JS, Thornton IWB. Colonization of an island volcano, Long Island, Papua New Guinea, and an emergent
island, Motmot, in its caldera lake. VI. The pioneer arthropod community of Motmot.
J BIOGEOGR 28 (11-12): 1379-1388 NOV-DEC 2001.
Thornton IWB, Cook S, Edwards JS, et al. Colonization of an island volcano, Long Island, Papua New Guinea, and
an emergent island, Motmot, in its caldera lake. VII. Overview and discussion.
J BIOGEOGR 28 (11-12): 1389-1408 NOV-DEC 2001.
Smales LR. A cladistic analysis of the tribe Labiostrongylinea Beveridge, 1983 (Nematoda : Cloacinidae) parasitic
in macropodoid marsupials (Marsupialia : Macropodoidea), with a redescription of Parazoniolaimus collaris
Johnston & Mawson, 1939. SYST PARASITOL 51 (3): 179-197 MAR 2002.
Marsden SJ, Pilgrim JD, Wilkinson R. Status, abundance and habitat use of Blue-eyed Cockatoo Cacatua
ophthalmica on New Britain, Papua New Guinea. BIRD CONSERV INT 11 (3): 151-160 SEP 2001.
Sinclair JR. Temperature regulation in mounds of three sympatric species of megapode (Aves : Megapodiidae) in
Papua New Guinea: testing the 'Seymour Model'. AUST J ZOOL 49 (6): 675-694 2001.
Beveridge I. Cervonemella reardoni gen. et sp nov (Nematoda : Cloacinidae) from the stomachs of scrub
wallabies, Dorcopsis spp, in Papua New Guinea. T ROY SOC SOUTH AUST 125: 141-145
Part 2 NOV 30 2001.
Heads M. Birds of paradise, biogeography and ecology in New Guinea: a review.
J BIOGEOGR 28 (7): 893-925 JUL 2001.
Watson M, Asoyama S. Dispersion, habitat use, hunting behavior, vocalizations, and conservation status of the
New Guinea Harpy Eagle (Harpyopsis novaeguineae). J RAPTOR RES 35 (3): 235-239 SEP 2001.
Bishop KD, Jones DN. The montane avifauna of West New Britain, with special reference to the Nakanai
Mountains. EMU 101 (3): 205-220 2001.
McVicar TR, Bierwirth PN. Rapidly assessing the 1997 drought in Papua New Guinea using composite AVHRR
imagery (vol 22, pg 2109, 2001). INT J REMOTE SENS 22 (14): 2861-2861 SEP 20 2001.
Basset Y. Invertebrates in the canopy of tropical rain forests - How much do we really know?
PLANT ECOL 153 (1-2): 87-107 APR 2001.
Aptroot A. Lichenized and saprobic fungal biodiversity of a single Elaeocarpus tree in Papua New Guinea, with the
report of 200 species of ascomycetes associated with one tree. FUNGAL DIVERS 6: 1-11 FEB 2001.
Kraus F, Allison A. A review of the endemic new guinea microhylid frog genus Choerophryne.
HERPETOLOGICA 57 (2): 214-232 JUN 2001.
Leps J, Novotny V, Basset Y. Habitat and successional status of plants in relation to the communities of their
21
leaf-chewing herbivores in Papua New Guinea. J ECOL 89 (2): 186-199 APR 2001.
McNab BK, Bonaccorso FJ. The metabolism of New Guinean pteropodid bats.
J COMP PHYSIOL B 171 (3): 201-214 APR 2001.
Alan G. R.(1996) Oxyeleotris caeca, a new species of blind cave fish (Eleotridae) from Papua Nee Guinea. Revue fr. Aquariol.
23 (1-2);43-46.
Alan, G. R. (1996) Supplemental survey of fishes of the Kikori River Basin, Papua New Guinea. Unpublished report to WWF.
Alan, G. R. (1996) Two new species of Rainbowfishes (Melanotaenia: Melanotaenidae), from the Kikori River system, Papua
New Guinea. Revue fr. Aquariol, 23: 9 - 16.
Anip, P. (199X) - Environmental Impact Statement for eco-enterprises assisted by KICDP.
Baker, W. (1996) Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, European Uniion Rattan Project - Expedition to Papua New Guinea 4 january -
26 February 1996.
Baker, W. (1997) Rattans & rheophytes - Palms of the Mubi River. Principes 41(3) : 148 - 157.
Baker, W., King, K., Banka, R. and Gebia, O. (2001) Expedition Report. Papua New Guinea. 17 November 21 December
2000. Unpublished repport on Palm survey.
Bickford, D & Leary, T. (1996) A report on the frog monitoring pilot program at Wasi Falls and at Henry's Trail Agogo Ridge
(April - June, 1996).
Bonacorso, F., Anamiato, J. and Leary, T. (2000) The marine mammals of the Kikori Integrated Conservation and Development
Area: A Rapid assessment. Unpublished WWF Report.
Balun, L. and Gebia, O. (1999) Studies of the biological diversity of rainforest and mangrove ecosystems in the Kikori River
Catchment of Papua New Guinea. Unpublished WWF Report.
Diamond, J. and Bishop, K. D. (1998) Rivers in the Sky: The avifauna of the Kikori Pipeline, Papua New Guinea. Unpublished
WWF Report
Diamond, J. and Bishop, K. D. (1999a) Birds of Mt Sisa. Unpublished WWF Report.
Diamond, J. and Bishop, K. D. (1999b) Local Avifauna of the Kikori River Catchment surveyed in 1999. Unpublished WWF
Report.
Diamond, J. and Bishop, K.D. (2001) Seasonality in Birds of the Kikori River Catchment: Year - 2001 Studies. For the World
Wildlife Fund/Chevron Kikori Integrated Conservation and Development Project
Evans, B (1998) Non-Timber Forest Products with commercial potential in the Kikori river watershed of PNG: Mt Bosavi and
Upper Kikori. Unpublished report to WWF-KICDP.
Gebia, O. & Lawong, B. (2000) A study on two forest communities in the Kikori River Catchment of Papua New Guinea. KICDP
Scientific Report : SR -00 - 01
Gebia, O. and Lawong, B. (2001) An Orchid survey of the Lake Kutubu area Southern Highlands Province, Papua New Guinea.
Unpublished WWF report.
Gozapo, G. (1995) - Orchid assessment of Kutubu., Unpublished report to WWF.
Hartshorn, G. S., Burrows, I., Forney, M., Kosi, T., Mala, T. and Wiakabu, J. (1994) Preliminary biological reconnaissance of the
Kikori River Basin, Papua New Guinea. Unpublished WWF Report, Washington DC.
Hartshorn, G. S., Leary, T., Seri, L., Burrows, I., Allen, G., Polhemus, D., Balun, L., Orsak, L., Bigilale, E., Kinbag, F., Kinibel, A.,
Dal, C., Wasel, H., Ellis, G. and Forney, M. (1995) Field Survey of Biodiversity in the Kikori River Basin, Papua New
Guinea. Unpublished WWF Report, Washington DC.
(NOTE: there are also individual reports by the following authors that make up this large report - Burrows, Leary et al, Seri et al,
Orsak & Eason, Polhemus, Alan)
Houston, W. (1995) - The Lake Kutubu subsistence fishery - Preliminar assessment of fisheries resources, fish habitats and
monitoring programmes. Unpublished report to WWF.
Jaensch, R. and Matsui, K. (1999) Public awareness of wetlands biodiversity conservation and the impact of peat swamp forest
fire at Lake Kutubu, Papua New Guinea. Project Completion Report to Keidanren Nature Conservation Fund.
Jenkins, A. (1997) Distribution, abundance and ecological roles of Lake Kutubu fishes. Unpublished WWF report.
Jenkins, A. and Buston, P. (1997) Distribution and Abundance of the Fishes of Lake Kutubu. Unpublished WWF report.
Jenkins, A & Bustard, P and Alan, G. R. (2000) Two new species of freshwater gudgeons (Eleotrididae : Mogurnda) from Lake
Kutbu, Papua New Guinea. Ichthyol. Explor. Freshwaters 10 : 447-454.
Landford, A. (1996) Entomological survey and research report into the viability of village based butterfly ranching projects in the
Lake Kutubu - Mt Bosavi region, PNG. Consultancy report to WWF.
Lawong, B. and Gebia, O (1999) Study on the biological diversity of two adjoining forest ecotypes: mangrove and rainforest
ecosystem, in the Gulf and Southern Highlands Province. Unpublished report to WWF.
Leary, T. (1995) Field survey of biodiversity in the Kikori Integrated Conservation and Development Project Area. Paper
th
presented at the 1995 Biological Society meeting at Ok Ted 27 - 30 August 1995.
Leary, T., Naug, R., and Price, J. (1996) Kikori Integrated Conservation and Development Project : Sustaining the Environment
and Promoting Conservation and Sustainable Development Alongside the Kutubu Joint Venture Petroleum
Development. pp. 805 - 814. In : P.G. Buchanan (Ed.) Proceedings of the Third Petroleum Convention, Port Moresby.
Leary T. (1996) Prelimary assessment of the subsistence fisheries catch at Lake Kutubu. Paper presented to the PNG
Biological Society Conference.
Leary, T. (1996) Areas of known conservation significance in the Kikori Integrated Conservation and Development Project Area.
(A report to accompany a map of high biodiversity areas in the Kikori ICDP area. Unpublished WWF report.
Leary, T. (1997) Subsistence fish catch monitoring Lake Kutubu, Southern Highlands Province, Papua New Guinea.
Unpublished WWF Report.
22
Leary, T. and Seri, L. (1997) An annotated checklist of mammals recorded in the Kikori River Basin, Papua New Guinea.
Science in New Guinea 23 (2) : 79 100.
Leary, T. (1998) Mammals of the Lake Kutubu Swamp Forests. A report to Wetlands International. WWF Unpublished report.
Leary, T. (1998) Discussion paper on environmental impact monitoring (including biodiversity monitoring) at the eco-forestry
sites in the lower Kikori. Unpublished WWF report.
Leary, T., (1999) Mammal survey of the Gobe Oil Field Area, Southern Highlands and Gulf Provinces, Papua New Guinea
December, 1998. Unpublished WWF Report.
Leary, T. (1999) A partnership between WWF and the Foi people of Lake Kutubu to monitor and sustainably manage
subsistence fish catch. Paper presented at the Pacific Science Congress. Sydney July 1999.
Leary, T. (1999) Protocol for Environmental Impact Assessment of eco-enterprise interventions of the Kikori ICDP Unpublished
report to WWF KICDP.
Leary, T. (2001) Mammal survey of two sites on the northeast side of Mt Sisa, Southern Highlands Province, PNG - October
1999. Unpublished WWF report. Scientific Report Series SR-01-02.
Leary, T. and Kinibel, A. (2001) A survey of the Moth fauna (Lepidoptera: Heterocera) of Mt Sisa, Southern Highlands, PNG
October 1999. Unpublished WWF report. KICDP Scientific Report SR-01-03.
Mamu, T. (2000) Review of information on existing and proposed WMAs with Kikori ICDP. SR-00-02 Unpublished WWF
Report.
Menzies, J. (1999) Frogs of the Gobe Oil Field area, Southern Highlands and Gulf Provinces, Papua New Guinea December,
1998. Unpublished WWF Report.
NSR Environmental Consultants (1998) PNG Gas Project Environmental Plan Main Report. Chevron Niuguini Report.
McDonald, W. J. F., Kiapranis, R., and Jessup, L. W. (1999) Floristic patterns in the swamp forests of Lake Kutubu, PNG.
Unpublished report to Wetlands International and Keidanren Conservation Fund.
Osborne, P. L. and Totome, R. C. (1999) Preliminary assessment of Lake Kutubu (Papua New Guinea) swamp forest sediment
deposits and hydrology. Unpublished report to Wetlands International, Keidanren Conservation Fund and WWF Kikori
ICDP.
Richards, S. (1997) Herpetofauna of the Kikori River Basin .A report submitted to NSR Environmental Consultants.
Richards, S. (2000) Herpetofauna and Odonata of Dark End Lumber (Gulf Province) and Mt Sisa (Southern Highlands
Province), Papua New Guinea. Unpublished Consultancy report to WWF KICDP.
Tosi, J. A. and Balanos R. (1994) Ecological Reconnaissance and Forestry Survey of the Kikori River Watershed. Unpublished
report to World Wildlife Fund.
Contributions in Natural History of the Papua New Guinea National Museum & Art Gallery
Any prospective author that acknowledges the PNG National Museum for assistance of any kind in a biological
sciences publication (logistical, visa aquistion, use of laboratory space, use of collections, collaboration with staff) is requested
to use a Contributions Series number assigned by the Chief Curator of Natural History. Please request a number from Frank
Bonaccorso when your manuscript is near submission (supply title, authors, journal of submission). When publication occurs
please send 3 copies of reprints to the Chief Curator for reprint/library collections. Your cooperation helps us to continue to
offer services to scientists from outside the Museum and to justify our existence and budget. Thank you.
List of publications and manuscripts with assigned series numbers follow:
1. From the past to the future: live animal collections and conservation biology in Papua New Guinea. 1996. F. J.
Bonaccorso. Zoos: evolution or extinction. Proceedings of the ARAZPA/ASZK Conference 1996, Healesville, Australia.
2. Plasticity of energetics in blossom bats (Pteropodidae): impact on distribution. 1997. F. J. Bonaccorso and B. K.
McNab. Journal of Mammalogy 78(4):1073-1088.
3. Salt appetite, seawater ingestion, and kidney function in flying foxes of the genus
Pteropus (Chiroptera: Pteropodidae). C. A. Iudica and F. J. Bonaccorso. Submitted to Mammalia.
4. Standard energetics in Leaf-nosed bats (Hipposideridae): Its relationship to intermittent and protracted foraging
tactics in bats and bats. F. J. Bonaccorso and B.K. McNab. Submitted to Journal of Comparative Phsiology B
5. Home range of the southern blossom bat, Syconycteris australis, in Papua New Guinea. 2000. J. R. Winkelmann,
F. J. Bonaccorso, and T. L. Strickler. Journal of Mammalogy 81(2): 408-414.
6. Bonaccorso, F. J., J. R. Winkelmann, E. R. Dumont, and K. Thibault. 2002. Foraging movements and the stability of
home range of Dobsonia minor (Pteropodidae): a solitary, foliage roosting fruit bat in Papua New Guinea. Biotropica : IN
PRESS.
7. J. R. Winkelmann, F. J. Bonaccorso, T. L. Strickler. Home range of the least blossom bat, Macroglossus minimus in
Papua New Guinea. To be submitted to Journal of Mammalogy.
8. McNab, B. K. and F. J. Bonaccorso. 2001. Metabolism of New Guinean pteropodid bats. Journal of Comparative
Phsiology B, 171:201-214.
9. B. K McNab. 2000. The influence of body mass, climate, and distribution on the energetics of South Pacific
pigeons. Comparative Biochemistry & Physiology Part A, 127:309-329.
10. B. K. McNab and F. J. Bonaccorso. The Standard Energetics of South Pacific Kingfishers. Not presently
submitted.
11. B. K. McNab. The energetics of toucans (Ramphastidae), a barbet (Capitonidae), and a hornbill (Bucerotidae):
Implications for Avian Frugivory
12. B. K. McNab. An analysis of the factors influencing the standard energetics of flighted and flightless rails
(Rallidae). Submitted to Auk.
13. F. J. Bonaccorso, C. Goddard, P. Clark, R. Clark, and T. Leary. Cetaceans of New Guinea and Its Satellite
Islands: An Annotated Checklist and Dichotomous Key. Possibly to be submitted to Zoologische Verhandelingen, Leiden.
14. L. Beaudoin-Ollivier, F. Bonaccorso, M. Aloysius, and M. Kasiri. Movements of Scapanes australis (Coleoptera:
Scarabaeidae: Dynastidae) in Papua New Guinea: a radio telemetry study. Draft manuscript in progress.
23
15. Phylogeny of the owlet-nightjars (Aegothelidae) based on mitochondrial DNA sequence. J. P. Dumbacher, T. K.
Pratt and R. C. Fleischer. In prep; to be sent to Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution.
16. B.K. McNab. The relationship between flow rate and chamber size in vertebrate respirometry,. Submitted soon to
PBZ.
17. B. K. McNab. Minimizing energy expenditure facilitates vertebrate persistence on oceanic islands. Invited Paper
for Ecology Letters.
If you would like a reprint of any of the publications above write or email to the first author of the publication at their
home address. Email contact for senior authors above are provided below. Manuscripts without full citation are either in
preparation for submission, in review by a journal or in press sometimes authors are willing to share preprints of manuscripts,
but these can only be provided by contacting the senior author and subject to their approval.
Emails of senior authors on the list are: Brian McNab, bkm@zoo.ufl.edu John Winkelmann,
winkhelm@gettysburg.edu Carlos Iudica, casaiu@flmnh.ufl.edu Laurence Beaudoin-Olliver, lollivier@cirad.fr John
Dumbacher, dumbacherj@nzp.si.edu Frank Bonaccorso, bonafrank@global.net.pg
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