XI Kinematics
XI Kinematics
XI Kinematics
dx A dx B
vA = , vB = xBA = xB xA
dt dt
dx B dx A
v BA = vBA = vB vA
dt dt
v AA = v A v A = 0 (velocity of A with respect to A)
Note : velocity of an object w.r.t. itself is always zero.
Velocity of Approach :
It is the rate at which a separation between two moving particles decreases.
10m/s 12m/s
If separation decreases velocity of approach is positive,
Velocity of approach = 22 m/s A B
Velocity of approach = 15 m/s 20m/s 5m/s
SOLVED EXAMPLES
01. Two objects A and B are moving towards each other with velocities 10 m/s and 12 m/s respectively a shown.
Sol. (i) Find out velocity of A with respect to B.
v AB = v A v B = (10) (12) = 22 m/s towards right.
(ii) Find out velocity of B with respect to A
v BA = v B v A = (12) (10) = 22 m/s towards left.
02. A and B are thrown vertically upward with velocity, 5 m/s and 10 m/s respectively (g = 10 m/s2. Find separation
between them after one second
1 2 1
Sol. SA = ut gt = 5t 10 t2 = 5 1 5 12 = 5 5 = 0
2 2
1 2 1
SB = ut gt = 10 1 10 12 = 10 5 = 5
2 2
SB SA = separation = 5m.
Alter :
By relative aBA = a B a A = (10) (10) = 0
Also v BA = v B v A = 10 5 = 5 m/s
sBA (in 1 sec) = v BA t = 5 1 = 5 m Distance between A and B after 1 sec = 5 m.
03. A ball is thrown downwards with a speed of 20 m/s from top of a building 150 m high and simultaneously another
ball is thrown vertically upwards with a speed of 30 m/s from the foot of the building. Find the time when both the
balls will meet. (g = 10 m/s2)
Sol. (I) S1 = 20 t + 5 t2
+ S2 = 30 t 5 t2
____________________
150 = 50 t t = 3 s.
(II) Relative acceleration of both is zero since both have acceleration in downward direction
a AB = a A a B = g g = 0
v BA = 30 (20) = 50
sBA = v BA t
sBA 150
t= = =3s
v BA 50
04. Two cars C1 and C2 moving in the same direction on a straight road with velocities 12 m/s and 10 m/s respec-
tively. When the separation between the two was 200 m C2 started accelerating to avoid collision. What is the
minimum acceleration of car C2 so that they dont collide.
Sol. By relative
a C1C2 = a C1 a C2 = 0 a = (a)
v C1C 2 = v C1 v C2 = 12 10 = 2 m/s.
So by relativity we want the car to stop.
v 2 u2 = 2as.
1
0 22 = 2 a 200 a= m/s2 = 0.1 m/s2 = 1 cm/s2.
100
Minimum acceleration needed by car C2 = 1 cm/s2
05. A lift is moving up with acceleration a. A person inside the lift throws the ball upwards with a velocity u relative to
hand.
(a) What is the time of flight of the ball ?
(b) What is the maximum height reached by the ball in the lift ?
Sol. (a) aBL = a B aL = (g + a) downwards
1 1
s = u t + aBL t2 0 = uT (g + a)T2
2 2
2u
T =
( g a)
(b) v 2 u2 = 2 as 0 u2 = 2(g + a) H
u2
H=
2(g a)
SOLVED EXAMPLES
01. Object A and B has velocities 10 m/s. A is moving along East while B is moving towards North from the same
point as shown. Find velocity of A relative to B ( v AB )
Sol. v AB = v A v B
v AB = 102
Note :
v A vB = v 2A v B2 2v A v B cos
02. Two particles A and B are projected in air. A is thrown horizontally, B is thrown
vertically up. What is the separation between them after 1 sec.
Sol. a AB = a A a B = 0
v AB = 10 2 10 2 = 10 2
d d
Velocity of v y is used only in crossing the river, time taken to cross the river is t = v v .
y mR
Velocity v x is only used to drift the motion of the swimmer in the river,
d
drift is along the river flow, x = (v x) (t) or x = v R
v mR
2. Shortest Path :
When the person crosses the river perpendicularly (along the shortest path). It should swim up stream making
an angle with AB such that the resultant velocity v m , of man must be perpendicular to the flow of river along
AB.
If we find the components of velocity of swimmer along and perpendicular
to the flow, these are,
velocity along the river, v x = 0
The net speed is given by v m = v 2mR v R2 at an angle of 90 with the river direction.
d d
velocity v y is used only to cross the river, therefore time to cross the river, t = v = 2
y v mR v R2
and velocity v x is zero, therefore, in this case the drift (x) should be zero.
x=0 or v x = v R v mR sin = 0
v
or v R = v mR sin or = sin1 R
v mR
Hence, to cross the river perpendicular (along the shortest path) the man should swim at an angle of
v
sin 1 R upstream from the direction of river flow..
2 v mR
further, since sin < 1,
Swimmer can cross the river perpendicularly only when v mR > v R ie
SOLVED EXAMPLES
01. A swimmer capable of swimming with velocity v relative to water jumps in a flowing river having velocity u. The
man swims a distance d down stream and returns back to the original position. Find out the time taken in
complete motion.
d d 2dv
Sol. t = tdown + tup = + = 2
vu v u v u2
02. A river 400 m wide is flowing at a rate of 2.0 m/s.A boat is sailing at a velocity of 10 m/s with respect to the
water, in a direction perpendicular to the river.
(a) Find the time taken by the boat to reach the opposite bank.
(b) How far from the point directly opposite to the starting point does the boat reach the opposite bank.
(c) In what direction does the boat actually move.
d 400 m
t = v = 10 m / s = 40 s
y
10
(c) Actual direction of boat = tan1 = tan1 5, (downstream) with the river flow..
2
03. A man can swim at the rate of 5 km/h in still water. A river 1 km wide flows at the rate of 3 km/h. The man wishes
to swim across the river directly opposite to the starting point.
(a) Along what direction must the man swim ? (b) What should be his resultant velocity ?
(c) How much time the would take to cross ?
Sol. The velocity of man with respect to river vmR= 5 km/hr, this is greater than the river flow velocity, therefore, he can
cross the river directly (along the shortest path). The anlge of swim must be
vr v 3
=
+ sin1 = 90 + sin-1 r = 90 + sin1 = 90 + 37
v v
2 mR mR 5
2
(b) Resultant velocity will be v m = v mR v R2 = 5 2 3 2 = 4 km/hr
d 1 km 1
(c) time taken to cross the t = 2 = 4 km / hr = h = 15 min
v mR v R2 4
04. A man wishes to cross a river flowing with velocity u jumps at an anlge with the river flow. Find out the net
velocity of the man with respect to ground if he can swim with speed v. Also find how far from the point directly
opposite to the starting point does the boat reach the opposite bank. in what direction does the boat actually
move. If the width of the river is d.
v sin
tan =
u v cos
d
(v sin) t = d t=
v sin
d
x = (u + v cos ) t = (u + v cos)
v sin
RAIN PROBLEMS
If rain is falling vertically with a velocity v R and on
observer is moving horizontally with velocity v m , the
velocity of rain relative to observer will be :
v Rm = v R v m or v Rm = v R2 v m
2
vm
and direction = tan1 v with the vertical as shown in figure.
R
Wind Airplane :
This is very similar to boat-river flow problems. The only difference is that boat is replaced by plane and river is
replaced by wind.
Thus,
velocity of aeroplane with respect to wind
v aw v a v w or v a v aw v w
where, v a = absolute velocity of aeroplane and, v w = velocity of wind.
Condition to collide or to reach at the same point :
When the relative velocity of one particle w.r.t. to other particle is directed towards each other then only they
collide. (there is a zero relative acceleration in such case.).
SOLVED EXAMPLES
01. A man standing on a road holds his umbrella at 30 with the vertical to keep the rain away. He throws the
umbrella and starts running at 10 km/h. He finds that rain drops are hitting his head vertically, find the speed of
raindrop with respect to the road.
Sol. When the man is at rest w.r.t. the ground, the rain comes to him at an angle 30 with the vertical. This is the
direction of the velocity of rain drops with respect to the ground.
Here v r ,g = velocity of rain with respect to the ground 30
v m ,g = velocity of the man with respect to the ground.
and v r,m = velocity of the rain with respect to the man,
We have v r ,g v r ,m v m,g .... (1)
vm
Taking horizontal components eq. (1) gives
10
v r,g sin 30 = v m,g = 10 km/h or v r,g = = 20 km/h
sin 30
02. A man moving with 5m/s observes rain falling vertically at the rate of 10 m/s. Find the speed and direction of the
rain with respect to ground.
1 1
tan = , = tan1 .
2 2
03. A man standing, observes rain falling with velocity of 20 m/s at an angle of 30 with the vertical.
(1) Find out velocity of man so that rain appears to fall vertically.
(2) Find out velocity of man so that rain again appears to fall at 30 with the vertical.
Sol. (1) v m = v i (let)
v R = 10 i 103 j
v RM = (10 v) i 103 j
or v = 10 m/s
(2) v R = 10 i 103 j
v m = v x i
v RM = (10 v x) i 103 j
10 v x
tan 30 = v x = 20 m/s
10 3
04. There are particles A, B and C are situated at the vertices of an equilat-
eral triangle ABC of side a at t = 0. Each of the particles moves with
constant speed v. A always has its velocity along AB, B along BC and C
along CA. At what time will the particle meet each other ?
The component of this velocity along BO is v cos 30. This component is the rate of decrease of the distance
BO. Initially.
a/2 a
BO = = = displacement of each particle.
cos 30 3
d/ 3 2d 2d
= = = .
v cos 30 3v 3 3v
v 3v
approach velocity = v + =
2 2
Since, the rate of approach is constant, the time taken in reducing the separation BC from a to zero is
a 2a
t = 3v
3v
2
EXERCISE # I
RECTILINEAR MOTION
01. A particle covers each 1/3 of the total distance with speed v 1, v 2 and v 3 respectively. Find the average speed of
the particle ?
02. The position of a particle moving on x-axis is given by x = 4t3 + 3t2 + 6t + 4. Find :
(a) The velocity and acceleration of particle at t = 5 s.
(b) The average velocity and average acceleration during the interval t = 0 to t = 5 s.
x = 4t3 + 3t2 + 6t + 4
03. A man walking with a speed ' v ' constant in magnitude and direction passes under a lantern hanging at a height
H above the ground. Find the velocity with which the edge of the shadow of the man's head moves over the
ground, if his height is ' h '.
04. x-Co-ordinate of a particle moving along this axis is x 2 t 2 2t 3 . Here, x is in metre and t in seconds. Find:
(a) Position of particle from where it started its journey
(b) Initial velocity of particle and
(c) accelerations of particle at t = 2 sec
05. An elevator is descending with uniform acceleration. To measure the acceleration, a person in the elevator drops
a coin at the moment the elavator starts. The coin is 6 ft above the floor of the elevator at time it is dropped. The
person observes that the coin strikes the floor in 1 second. Calculate from these data the acceleration of the
elevator. [Take g = 32 ft/s2]
06. A stone is thrown vertically upward with a speed of 28 m/s.
(a) Find the maximum height reached by the stone.
(b) Find its velocity one second before it reaches the maximum height.
(c) Does the answer of part
(d) change if the initial speed is more than,28 m/s such as 40 m/s or 80 m/s ?
07. A ball is dropped from a height of 5 m onto a sandy floor and penetrates the sand up to 10cm before coming to
rest. Find the retardation of the ball in sand assuming it to be uniform.
2
08. A car accelerates from 36 km/h to 90 km/h in 5 s. What was its acceleration in m/s , and how far did it travel
in this time? Assume constant acceleration.
09. A train starts from rest and moves with a constant acceleration of 2.0 m/s2 for half a minute. The brakes are
then applied and the train comes to rest in one minute. Find
(a) the total distance moved by the train, (b) the maximum speed attained by the train .
10. A particle moving along a straight line with constant acceleration is having initial and final velocity as 5 m/s and
15 m/s respectively in a time interval of 5 s. Find the distance travelled by the particle and the acceleration of the
particle. If the particle continues with same acceleration, find the distance covered by the particle in the 8th
second of its motion.
11. A ball is dropped from a tower. In the last second of its motion it travels a distance of 15 m. Find the height of the
tower. [take g 10 m/ sec 2 ]
12. Car A, moving at 60 kmph is followed by car B, moving at 70 kmph. When they are 2.5 km apart, B is given a
deceleration of 20 km hr 2 . After what distance & time will B meet A ?
13. A train starts from rest and moves with a constant acceleration of 2.0 m/s2 for half a minute. The brakes are then
applied and the train comes to rest in one minute. Find
(a) the total distance moved by the train (b) the maximum speed attained by the train and
(c) the position(s) of the train at half the maximum speed.
14. A particle starts from rest with a constant acceleration. At a time t second, the speed is found to be 100 m/s and
one second later the speed becomes 150 m/s. Find
(a) the acceleration and (b) the distance travelled during the (t+1)th second.
15. A body starts with an initial velocity of 10 m/s and moves along a straight line with a constant acceleration.
When the velocity of the particle is 50 m/s the acceleration is reversed in direction. Find the velocity of the
particle when it reaches the starting point.
16. The two ends of a train moving with a constant acceleration pass a certain point with velocities u and v. Show
u2 v 2
that the velocity with which the middle point of the train passes the same point is .
2
(b) Calculate the displacement of the particle in the interval from t = 2 sec.
to t = 4 sec. 1 t(s)
Assume that v = 0 at t = 0. -2
18. For a particle moving along x-axis, velocity-time graph is as shown in figure. Find the distance travelled and
displacement of the particle? Also find the average velocity of the particle?
19. The acceleration of a cart started at t = 0, varies with time as shown in figure. Find the distance travelled in 30
20. For a particle moving rectilinearly, acceleration as a function of speed is given as a = 8v 2. Find the speed as a
function of x if the particle is having a speed of v 0 at x = 0?
21. A particle of mass m is projected in a resisting medium whose resistive force is F = kv and the initial velocity is
v0 . Find the expression for position and velocity in terms of time
PROJECTILE MOTION
23. A stone is thrown form the ground at 40 ms1 at 30 to the horizontal. Find times when it is at a height of 15 m.
24. A projectile is travelling at 30 to the horizontal after 2 s of its projection and horizontally after 1 s more.
Caclulate the velocity of projection.
25. The direction of motion of a projectile at a certain instant is inclined at an angle to the horizon. After t seconds
it is inclined an angle . Find the horizontal component of velocity of projection in terms of g, t , and
26. A radius vector of a point A relative to the origin varies with time t as r = at i bt 2 j , where a and b are positive
constants and i and j are the unit vectors of the x and y axes. Find: the equation of the point's trajectory y (x);
plot this function
27. If 4 seconds be the time in which a projectile reaches a point P of its path and 5 seconds the time from P till
it reaches the horizontal plane through the point of projection. Find the height of P above the horizontal plane.
[g = 9.8 m/sec2 ]
28. The height y and the distance x along the horizontal plane of a projectile on a certain planet (without no surrounding
atmosphere) are given by y = (8t 5t2) metere & x = 6t m. Then what will be the velocity of projection ?
29. A glass marble projected horizontal from the top of a table falls at a distance x from the edge of the table. If h is
the height of the table, find the velocity of projection ?
30. A projectile is fired horizontally with a velocity of 98 m/s from the top of a hill 490 m high. Find :
(i) the time taken to reach the ground
(ii) the distance of the target from the hill
(iii) the velocity with which the particle hits the ground
31. On an inclined plane of inclination 30, a ball is thrown at an angle of 60 with the horizontal from the foot of the
incline with a velocity of 10 3 ms1. If g = 10 ms2, then find the time in which ball will hit the inclined plane?
32. A particle is projected at an angle with an inclined plane making an angle with the horizontal as shown in
figure, speed of the particle is u, after time t find :
RELATIVE MOTION
33. A man is swimming in a lake in a direction of 30 East of North with a speed of 5 km/hr and a cyclist is going on
a road along the lake shore towards East at a speed of 10 km/hr. In what direction and with what speed would
the man appear to swim to the cyclist.
34. (I) A man can swim with a speed of 4 km h1 in still water. How long does he take to cross a river 1 km wide if
the river flows steadily at 3 km h1 and he makes his strokes normal to the river current ? How far down the
river does he go when he reaches the other bank ?
(II) If he keeps himself always at an angle of 120C with the river flow while swimming.
(a) Find the time he takes to cross the river
(b) At what point on the opposite bank will he arrive
35. A river is flowing from west to east at a speed of 5 m/min. A man on the south bank of the river, capable of
swimming at 10 m/min in still water, wants to swim across the river in shortest distance. In what direction should
he swim ?
36. An airplane is flying with velocity 50 2 km/hour in north-east direction. Wind is blowing at 25 km/hr from north
to south. What is the resultant displacement of airplane in 2 hours ?
37. When a train has a speed of 10 m s1 eastward, raindrops that are falling vertically with respect to the earth
make traces that are inclined 30 to the vertical on the windows of the train.
(a) What is the horizontal component of a drop's velocity with respect to the earth ? With respect to the train ?
(b) What is the velocity of the raindrop with respect to the earth ? With respect to the train ?
38. To a man walking at 7 km/h due west, the wind appears to blow from the north-west, but when he walks at
3 km/h due west, the wind appears to blow from the north. What is the actual direction of the wind and what
is its velocity ?
39. When a motorist is driving with velocity 6 i 8 j , the wind appears to come from the direction i . When he
doubles his velocity the wind appears to come from the direction i j . Then the true velocity of the wind
expressed in the form of a i b j is ______.
40. ' 6 ' numbers of particles are located at the vertices of a regular hexagon having the edge length ' a '. They all start
moving simultaneously with equal constant speed ' v ' heading towards each other all the time. How long will the
particles take to collide ?
41. Two ships are 10 km apart on a line running south to north. The one further north is streaming west at 40 km/hr.
The other is streaming north at 40 km/hr. What is their distance of closest approach and how long do they take
to reach it ?
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Rotational Motion JEE (MAIN + ADVANCED)
EXERCISE # II
ONLY ONE CORRECT
1 1
01. A body covers first part of its journey with a velocity of 2 m/s, next part with a velocity of 3 m/s and rest of
3 3
the journey with a velocity 6m/s. The average velocity of the body will be
11 8 4
(A) 3 m/s (B) m/s (C) m/s (D) m/s
3 3 3
02. A body covers 200 cm in the first 2 second and 220cm in the next 4 second. What is the velocity of the body at
the end of 7th second ?
(A) 40 cm/s (B) 20 cm/s (C) 10 cm/s (D) 5 cm/s
03. A car runs at constant speed on a circular track of radius 100 m taking 62.8 s on each lap. What is the average
speed and average velocity on each complete lap ?
(A) velocity 10m/s, speed 10 m/s (B) velocity zero, speed 10 m/s
(C) velocity zero, speed zero (D) velocity 10 m/s, speed zero
04. A steamer takes 12 days to reach from port A to B. Every day only one steamer sets out from both the ports.
How many steamers does each boat meet in the open sea ?
(A) 12 (B) 23 (C) 13 (D) 24
05. A motor car is going due north at a speed of 50 km/h. It makes a 90 left turn without changing the speed. The
change in the velocity of the car is about
(A) 50 km/h towards west (B) 50 2 km/h towards south-west
(C) 50 2 km/h towards north-west (D) zero
06. A body starts from the origin and moves along the X-axis such that the velocity at any instant is given by (4t3 2t),
where t is in second and velocity in m/s. What is acceleration of the particle, when it is 2m from the origin.
(A) 28 m/s2 (B) 22 m/s2 (C) 12 m/s2 (D) 10 m/s2
07. The displacement of a body in motion is given by x = a sin (t + ). The time at which the displacement is
maximum is ( & are constants)
2
(A) (B) (C) / 2 (D)
2
08. A particle has a velocity u towards east at t = 0. Its acceleration is towards west and is constant, Let xA and xB
be the magnitude of displacements in the first 10 seconds and the next 10 seconds.
(A) xA < xB
(B) xA = xB
(C) xA > xB
(D) the information is insufficient to decide the relation of xA with xB.
09. A car accelerates from rest at a constant rate for some time after which it decelerates at a constant rate to
come to rest. If the total time elapsed is t, the maximum velocity acquired by the car is given by
2 2 2 2
(A) t (B) t (C) t (D) t
10. A body starts from rest and is uniformly acclerated for 30 s. The distance travelled in the first 10 s is x1, next 10
s is x2 and the last 10 s is x3. Then x1 : x2 : x3 is the same as
(A) 1 : 2 : 4 (B) 1 : 2 : 5 (C) 1 : 3 : 5 (D) 1 : 3 : 9
11. A stone is released from an elevator going up with an acceleration a. The acceleration of the stone after the
release is
(A) a upward (B) (g-a) upward (C) (g-a) downward (D) g downward
12. Figure shows position-time graph of two cars A and B.
x(m)
(A) Car A is faster than car B. A
B
(B) Car B is faster than car A.
5
(C) Both cars are moving with same velocity. 0
v v v v
S S S S
15. The velocity versus time curve of a moving point is as shown in the figure. The maximum acceleration is
16. The displacement time graphs of two particles A and B are straight lines making angles of respectively 300 and
vA
600 with the time axis. If the velocity of A is v A and that of B is v B, then the value of v is
B
1 1 1
(A) (B) (C) 3 (D)
2 3 3
17. The initial velocity of a particle is u (at t=0) and the acceleration f is given by (f = at). Which of the following
relations is valid ?
at 2
(A) v = u + at2 (B) v = u + (C) v = u + at (D) v = u
2
18. A car accelerates from rest at a constant rate for some time after which it decelerates at a constant rate to
come to rest. If the total time elapsed is t, the maximum velocity acquired by the car is given by
2 2 2 2
(A) t (B) t (C) t (D) t
19. A stone is dropped into a well in which the level of water is h below the top of the well. If v is velocity of sound,
the time T after which the splash is heard is given by
2h h 2h h h 2h
(A) T = 2h/v (B) T g
v (C) T
g 2v (D) T 2g
v
20. A body is released from the top of a tower of height h metre. It takes T seconds to reach the ground. Where is
the ball at the time T/2 seconds ?
(A) at h/4 metre from the ground (B) at h/2 metre from the ground
(C) at 3h/4 metre from the ground (D) depend upon the mass of the ball
21. A stone is thrown vertically upward with an initial velocity u from the top of a tower, reaches the ground with a
velocity 3u. The height of the tower is :
26. Two projectiles are thrown with the same initial velocity at angles and (90 ) with the horizontal. The
h1
maximum heights attained by them are h1 and h2 respectively. Then is equal to
h2
h h
(A) (B) (C) h (D) 2h
4 2
5
28. It was calculated that a shell when fired from a gun with a certain velocity and at an angle of elevation rad
36
should strike a given target. In actual practice, it was found that a hill just prevented the trajectory. At what angle
of elevation should the gun be fired to hit the target.
5 11 7 13
(A) rad (B) rad (C) rad (D) rad
36 36 36 36
29. A glass marble projected horizontally from the top of a table falls at a horizontal distance x from the edge of the
table. If h is the height of the table, then the velocity of projection is
g g
(A) h (B) x (C) gxh (D) gx + h
2x 2h
30. A body is projected at 30 angle with the horizontal with velocity 30 ms1. What is the angle with the horizontal
after 1.5 s ? (Take g = 10 ms2).
(A) 0 (B) 30 (C) 60 (D) 90
31.
A projectile is thrown with an initial velocity of v x i v y j ms1. If the range of the projectile is double the
maximum height, then v y =
(A) vx (B) 2vx (C) 3vx (D) 4vx
32. A particle move along the parabolic path x = y2 + 2y + 2 in such a way that the y-component of velocity vector
remain 5m/s during the motion. The magnitude of the accleration of the particle is :
(A) 50 m/s2 (B) 100 m/s2 (C) 10 2 m/s2 (D) 0.1 m/s2
33. A particle is projected from a horizontal plane with 8 2 m/s at an angle. At highest point its velocity is found
to be 8 m/s. Its range will be :
(A) 64 m (B) 12.8 m (C) 128 m (D) 64.4 m
34. A projectile is projected at an angle (> 45) with an initial velocity u. The time [t] at which its horizontal
component will equal the vertical component :
u u
(A) t = g ( cos sin ) (B) t = g ( cos + sin )
u u
(C) t = g ( sin cos ) (D) t = g ( sin2 cos2 )
35. A boat, which has a speed of 5 km/hr in still water, crosses a river of width 1 km along the shortest possible path
in 15 minutes. The velocity of the river water in km/hr is -
(A) 1 (B) 3 (C) 4 (D) 41
36. A ship is travelling due east at 10 km/hr. A ship heading 30 east of north is always due north from the first ship.
The speed of the second ship in km/hr is -
(A) 20 2 (B) 20 3 / 2 (C) 20 (D) 20/ 2
37. Two billiard balls are rolling on a flat table. One has velocity components v x = 1m/s, v y =3 m/s and the other
has components v x = 2m/s and v y = 2 m/s. If both the balls start moving from the same point, the angle between
their path is -
(A) 60 (B) 45 (C) 22.5 (D) 15
38. A car with a vertical wind shield moves along in a rain storm at the speed of 40 km/hr. The rain drops fall vertically
with a terminal speed of 20 m/s. The angle with the vertical at which the rain drop strike the wind shield is
(A) tan1 (5/9) (B) tan1(9/5) (C) tan1 (3/2) (D) tan1(3)
39. A swimmer can swim in a river with speed v, if the river is flowing with velocity v/2. What is the ratio of the time
taken to swim across in the shortest time to that in swimming across over shortest distance ?
1 3 1
(A) (B) (C) 3 (D)
2 2 3
40. A boat can go across a lake and return in time T0 at a speed V. On a rough day there is uniform current at speed
v to help the onward journey and impede the return journey. If the time taken to go across and return on the rough
day be T, then T/T0 =
v2 1 v2 1
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 1 + (D)
V 2
v V 2
v2
1 1
V2 V2
41. Two cars are moving in the same direction with the same speed of 30 km/hr. They are separated by 5 km. What
is the speed of the car moving in the opposite direction if it meets the two cars at an interval of 4 minutes ?
(A) 15 km/hr (B) 30 km/hr (C) 45 km/hr (D) 60 km/hr
42. A car is going eastwards with a velocity of 8 m s1. To the passengers in the car, a train appears to be moving
north wards with a velocity 15 m s1. What is the actual velocity of the train ?
(A) 7 ms1 (B) 17 ms1 (C) 23 ms1 (D) None of the above
43. Two particles start from rest simultaneously and are equally accelerated in the same direction. Throughout the
motion, the relative velocity of one w.r.t. other is :
(A) Zero (B) non zero and directed parallel to acceleration
(C) non zero and directed opposite to acceleration (D) directed perpendicular to the acceleration
44. Rain is falling vertically downwards. To a man running eastwards, the rain will appear to be coming from :
(A) east (B) west (C) north east (D) south east
SPARK for JEE | 0612-3299788 | www.spark4jee.com 77
JEE (MAIN + ADVANCED) Rotational Motion
EXERCISE # III
MORE THAN ONE CORRECT
01. Consider the motion of the tip of the minute hand of a clock. In one hour
(C) the average speed is zero (D) the average velocity is zero
02. Two particles are projected from the same point with the same speed, at different angles 1 and 2 to the
horizontal. Their times of flight are t1 and t 2 and they have the same horizontal range. Then -
t1 t1 t1 t
(A) tan 1 (B) tan 2 (C) 2 (D) 1 2 90o
t2 t2 sin 1 sin 2
03. A particle moves along a straight line and its velocity depends on time as V 4t t 2 . Then for first five seconds.
25
(A) average velocity is ms (B) average speed is 10m s
3
5
(C) average velocity is ms (D) acceleration is 4 m s2 at t = 0
3
04. . i 0.5 j ) m / s2 .
A particle leaves the origin with an initial velocity u ( 3 i ) m / s and a constant acceleration a ( 10
Its velocity v and position vector r when it reaches its maximum x co-ordinate are :
(A) v 2 j . j ) m / s
(B) v ( 15 (C) r (4.5 i 2.25 j ) m (D) r (3 i 2 j ) m
05. River is flowing with a velocity vR 4 i m / s . A boat is moving with a velocity of vBR ( 2 i 4 j ) m / s relative to
river. The width of the river is 100 m along y-direction.
06. From v-t graph shown in figure. We can draw the following conclusions :
v
(D) the average speed in the interval 0 to 10 sec is same as the average speed in the intervel 10 sec to 20 sec.
12. A man who can swim at a speed v relative to the water to cross a river of width d flowing with a speed u. The point
opposite him across the river is A .
(A) He can reach the point A in time d/v
d
(B) He can reach the point A is time
v 2 u2
d
(C) The minimum time in which he can cross river is
v
(D) He can not reach A if u > v
COMPREHENSION
Comprehension I (13 to 17)
The figure shows a velocity-time graph of a particle moving along a straight line
x2
24. Trajectory of particle in a projectile motion is given as y x . Here, x and y are in metres. For this projectile
80
motion match the following with g = 10 m / s2 .
Column I Column II
A. Angle of projection P. 20 m
B. Angle of velocity with horizontal after 4s Q. 80 m
C. Maximum height R. 45 o
tan 1
FG 1IJ
D. Horizontal range S.
H 2K
25. In the s-t equation (s 10 20 t 5 t 2 ) match the following :
Column I Column II
A. Distance travelled in 3s P. -20 unit
B. Displacement in 1s Q. 15 unit
C. Initial acceleration R. 25 unit
D. Velocity at 4s S. -10 unit
26. A balloon rises up with constant net acceleration of 10 m / s2 . After 2 s a particle drops from the balloon. After
further 2s match the following : ( Take g 10 m / s 2 )
Column I Column II
A. Height of particle from ground P. Zero
B. Speed of particle Q. 10 SI units
C. Displacement fo particle R. 40 SI units
D. Acceleration of particle S. 20 SI units
SPARK for JEE | 0612-3299788 | www.spark4jee.com 81
JEE (MAIN + ADVANCED) Rotational Motion
EXERCISE # IV
AIEEE
01. A particle moves in a straight line with retardation proportional to its displacement. Its loss of kinetic energy for
any displacement x is proportional to [AIEEE-2004]
x 2
(A) logex (B) e (C) x (D) x
02. A ball is released from the top of a tower of height h meters. It takes T seconds to reach the ground. What is the
T
position of the ball at second [AIEEE-2004]
3
17h 7h
(A) meter from the ground (B) meter from the ground
18 9
8h h
(C) meter from the ground (D) meter from the ground
9 9
03. The relation between time t and distance x is t = ax2 + bx where a and b are constants. The acceleration is
(A) 2av 3 (B) 2av2 (C) 2abv2 (D) 2bv3 [AIEEE-2005]
04. A car, starting from rest, accelerates at the rate f through a distance S then continues at constant speed
f
for time t and then decelerates at the rate to come to rest. If the total distance traversed is 15 S, then-
2
1 2 1 2 1 2
(A) S = ft (B) S = ft (C) S = 2ft2 (D) S = ft [AIEEE-2005]
2 4 6
05. A particle is moving eastwards with a velocity of 5 ms1. In 10 seconds the velocity changes to 5 ms1 northwards.
The average acceleration in this time is [AIEEE-2005]
1
(A) zero (B) ms 2 towards north-west
2
1 1
(C) ms 2 towards north-east (D) ms 2 towards-north
2 2
06. A bullet fired into a fixed target loses half of its velocity after penentarting 3 cm. How much further it will penetrate
before coming to rest assuming that if faces constant resistance to motion [AIEEE-2005]
(A) 1.5 cm (B) 1.0 cm (C) 3.0 cm (D) 2.0 cm
07. A parachutist after bailing out falls 50 m without friction. When parachute opens, it decelerates at 2m/s2.
He reaches the ground with a speed of 3m/s. At what height, did he bail out [AIEEE-2005]
(A) 293 m (B) 111 m (C) 91 m (D) 182 m
08. A particle located at x = 0 at time t = 0, starts moving along the positive x-direction with a velocity 'v' that varies
as v = a x . The displacement of the particle varies with time as [AIEEE-2006]
(A) t (B) t1/2 (C) t3 (D) t2
09. The velocity of a particle is v = v 0 + gt + ft2. If its position is x = 0 at t = 0, then its displacement after unit time
(t = 1) is [AIEEE-2007]
IIT-JEE
10. In 1.0 sec. a particle goes from point A to point B moving in a semicircle of radius 1.0 m.
11. The coordinates of a particle moving in a plane are given by x (t) = a cos (p t) and y (t) = b sin (p t), where a, b
(< a) and p are positive constants of appropriate dimensions. [JEE 1999]
(B) the velocity and acceleration of the particle are normal to each other at t = /2p
A stationary person on the ground observes the stone hitting the object during its downward motion at an
angle of 45 to the horizontal. All the motions are in x-y plane. Find u and the time after which the stone hits
the object. [Take g = 10 m/s2] [JEE 2000]
13. A ball is dropped vertically from a height d above the ground. It hits the ground and bounces up vertically to a
height d/2. Neglecting subsequent motion and air resistance, its velocity v varies with the height h above the
ground as [JEE 2000]
14. A block is moving down a smooth inclined plane starting from rest at time t = 0. Let Sn be the distance travelled
Sn
by the block in the interval t = n 1 to t = n. The ratio is [JEE 2004]
Sn 1
2n 1 2n 1 2n 1 2n
(A) (B) (C) (D)
2n 2n 1 2n 1 2n 1
17. On a frictionless horizontal surface, assumed to be the x y plane a small trolley A is moving along a straight
line parallel to the y axis as shown in the figure with a constant velocity of ( 3 1) m/s. At a particular instant,
when the line OA makes an angle of 45 with the x axis, a ball is thrown along the surface from the origin O.
Its velocity makes an angle with the x axis when it hits the trolley. [JEE 2002]
(a) The motion of the ball is observed from the frame of the trolley. Calculate the
angle made by the velocity of the ball with the x axis in this frame.
(b) Find the speed of the ball with respect to the surface, if = 4 /3.
18. A train is moving along a straight line with a constant acceleration a. A boy standing in the train throws a ball
forward with a speed of 10 m/s, at an angle of 60o to the horizontal. The boy has to move forward by 1.15 m
inside the train to catch the ball back at the initial height. The acceleration of the train, in m / s2 , is _______ .
[JEE 2010]
19.
A projectile is given an initial velocity of i 2j m/s, where j is along the ground and j is along the vertical.
ANSWER KEY
EXERCISE # I
3v1v 2 v 3
01. v v v v v v 02. (a) v t = 5 s = 336 units, at = 5 s = 126 units ; (b) <v> = 121 units, <a> = 66 units
1 2 2 3 1 3
H
03. v 04. (a) x = 2.0 m ; (b) zero ; (c) 26m s2 05. 20 ft/s2
Hh
06. (a) 40 m ; (b) 9.8 m/s ; (c) No 07. 490 m / s2 08. 3 m/s2 ; 87.5 m
12. s 32.5 km, t 0.5 hour 13. (a) 2.7 km ; (b) 60 m/s ; (c) 225 m and 2.25 km
14. (a) 50 m/s2 ; (b) 125 m 15. 70 m/s 17. 20/3 m/s
parabolic curve
straight line
gt
24. 20 3 ms1 at 60 with horizontal 25. tan tan
b x2
26. (i) y = 27. 98 meters 28. 10 m/s
a2
g
29. x 30. (i) 10 sec. ; (ii) 980 m ; (iii) 138.59 m/s 31. 2s
2h
1
32. (a) g sin (b) g cos (c) u cos g sin t ; (d) u sin gcos t ; (e) u cos t g sin t2
2
1
(f) u sin t g cos t2 ; (g) zero 33. 30 N of W at 5 3 km/hr..
2
1 1
34. I. 0.75 km ; II. (a) h ; (b) km. 35. At an angle 30 west of north.
2 3 2 3
10 1
41. , hr
2 8
EXERCISE # II
01. (A) 02. (C) 03. (B) 04. (B) 05. (B) 06. (B) 07. (B)
08. (D) 09. (D) 10. (C) 11. (D) 12. (C) 13. (C) 14. (B)
15. (D) 16. (D) 17. (B) 18. (D) 19. (B) 20. (C) 21. (B)
22. (D) 23. (B) 24. (A) 25. (B) 26. (C) 27. (D) 28. (D)
29. (B) 30. (A) 31. (B) 32. (A) 33. (B) 34. (C) 35. (B)
36. (C) 37. (D) 38. (A) 39. (B) 40. (B) 41. (C) 42. (B)
EXERCISE # III
01. (A,D) 02. (A,C,D) 03. (C, D) 04. (B, C) 05. (A,B,D) 06. (C, D) 07. (A,B,C,D)
08. (A,B) 09. (A,C) 10. (C) 11. (A,D) 12. (B,C,D) 13. (B) 14. (C)
15. (A) 16. (A) 17. (A) 18. (B) 19. (D) 20. (C) 21. (A)
22. (D) 23. (A) 24. (A R) ; (B R) ; (C P) ; (D Q)
25. (A R) ; (B Q) ; (C S) ; (D P) 26. (A R) ; (B P) ; (C S) ; (D Q)
EXERCISE # IV
01. (D) 02. (C) 03. (A) 04. (C) 05. (B) 06. (B) 07. (A)
08. (D) 09. (D) 10. (B) 11. (A, B) 12. u = 7.29 m/s, t = 1 s. 13. (A)
14. (B) 15. (C) 16. (B) 17. (a) = 45 ; (b) 2 m/s 18. [5] 19. (B)
NOTES