Reviewer: OINA LE & UE

Muscles of the Pectoral O I N A

Region:
Pectoralis Major Clavicular portion- medial Bicipital groove of humerus Clavicular part: Lateral ADDUCTS AND ROTATES
half of clavicle; (lateral lip) Pectoral nerve ARM MEDIALLY
Sternocostal portion- Sternocostal part: Medial
sternum & upper 6 costal Pectoral nerve
cartilages
Pectoralis Minor 3rd -5th ribs Coracoid process of scapula Medial pectoral nerve PULLS THE SHOULDER
DOWNWARD &
FORWARD; ELEVATES THE
RIBS IF SHOULDER IS FIXED
Subclavius 1st costal cartilage clavicle Nerve to subclavius DEPRESSES THE CLAVICLE
Serratus Anterior Outer surfaces of the upper Anterior surface of the Long thoracic nerves PROTRACTS THE MEDIAL
8 ribs medial border of scapula BORDER OF SCAPULA;
ROTATES THE SCAPULA
UPWARD;
ELEVATES THE RIBS
DURING FORECED
INSPIRATION

Muscles of the Scapula:

Deltoid Anterior fibers: Lateral 3rd Deltoid tuberosity (of Axillary nerve ABDUCTS THE ARM
of anterior border of humerus) (mid.fibers)
clavicle FLEXES & MEDIALLY
Middle (acromial) fibers: ROTATES THE ARM
lateral border of the (ant.fibers)
acromion process EXTENDS & LATERALLY
Posterior fibers: lower ROTATES THE ARM
border of the spine of (post.fibers)
scapula

Supraspinatus Supraspinous fossa (of Greater tuberosity (upper Suprascapular nerve ABDUCTION OF THE ARM
scapula) facet- humerus) (assists the deltoid)
Infraspinatus Infraspinous fossa (of Greater tuberosity (middle Suprascapular nerve STRONGEST LATERAL
scapula) facet-humerus) ROTATOR OF THE ARM
Subscapularis Subscapular foss (scapula) Lesser tuberosity Upper and lower MEDIALLY ROTATES THE
(humerus) subscapular nerve ARM
Teres Minor Upper 2/3 posterior Greater tuberosity (lower Axillary nerve LATERALLY ROTATES THE
surface of the lateral facet- humerus) ARM
border of scapula
Teres Major Lower 1/3-posterior Bicipital groove- (medial Lower subscapular nerve MEDIALLY ROTATES &
surface-lateral border of lip-humerus) ADDUCTS the arm
scapula

Muscles of the Arm:

Biceps brachii Long head: Supraglenoid Radial tuberosity Musculocutaneous nerve FLEXES THE SHOULDER
tubercle Deep fascia of the forearm AND ELBOW JOINT;
Short head: Coracoid via the bicipital SUPINATES THE FOREARM
process of the scapula aponeurosis
Coracobrachialis Coracoid process Middle of the medial side Musculocutaneous nerve FLEXES AND ADDUCTS THE
of the humerus ARM
Brachialis Front of the lower half of Coronoid process of ulna Musculocataneous nerve; a FLEXES THE ELBOW JOINT;
the humerus small part is supplied also true flexor of the elbow
by Radial nerve
Triceps brachii Long head: Infraglenoid Olecranon process of ulna Radial nerve EXTENDS THE ELBOW
tubercle;
Lateral head: posterior
surface of the humerus
above the spiral groove
Medial head: post.surface
of humerus below the
spiral groove

Muscles of the Forearm:

Pronator Teres Humeral head: Medial Lateral aspect of shaft of Median nerve PRONATION & FLEXION OF
epicondyle of humerus radius FOREARM
Ulnar head: medial border
of coronoid process of ulna
nd rd
Flexor carpi radialis Medial epicondyle of humerus Base of 2 3 metacarpalbones Median nerve FLEXES & ABDUCTS HAND @
 wrist joint
Palmaris longus Medial epicondyle of Flexor retinaculum and Median nerve FLEXES HAND
humerus palmar aponeurosis
Flexor carpi ulnaris Humeral head: Medial Pisiform bone, hook of Ulnar nerve FLEXES & ADDUCTS HAND
epicondyle of fumerus hamate base of 5th @ wrist joint
Ulnar head: med.aspect of metacarpal bone
Olecranon process and
post.border of ulna
Flexor digitorum Humeroulnar head: Medial Middle phalanx of medial Median nerve FLEXES MIDDLE PHALANX
superficialis epicondyle (humerus) & four fingers OF FINGERS AND ASSISTS
medial border of coronoid FLEXING PROXIMAL
process (ulna) PHALANX & HAND
Flexor digitorum Anteromedial surface Distal phalanges of medial Ulnar and Median nerve FLEXES DISTAL PHALANX
profundus shaft of ulna 4 fingers OF FINGERS; ASSIST IN
FLEXION OF MIDDLE &
PROXIMAL PHALANGES &
WRIST
Flexor pollicis longus Anterior shaft of radius Distal phalanx of thumb Anterior interosseous FLEXES DISTAL PHALANX
OF THUMB
Pronator quadratus Anterior shaft of Ulna Anterior shaft of radius Anterior interosseous PRONATES FOREARM``
branch of median nerve
Brachioradialis Lateral supracondylar ridge Base of styloid process of Radial nerve FLEXES ELBOW. ROTATES
of humerus radius FOREARM TO MIDPRONE
POSITION
Extensor carpi radialis Lateral supracondylar ridge Base of 2nd metacarpal Radial nerve EXTENDS & ABDUCTS
longus of humerus bone HAND @ wrist joint
Extensor carpi radialis Lateral epicondyle of Post.surface of the base of Deep branch of radial EXTENDS & ABDUCTS
brevis humerus 3rd metacarpal bone nerve HAND @ wrist joint
Extensor digitorum Lateral epicondyle of Middle & distal phalanges Deep branch of radial EXTENDS FINGERS & HAND
humerus of the medial 4 fingers nerve
Extensor digiti minimi Lateral epicondyle of Extensor expansion of little Deep branch of radial EXTENDS METACARPO-
humerus finger nerve PHALANGEAL JOINT OF
LITTLE FINGER
Extensor carpi ulnaris Lateral epicondyle of Base of the 5th metacarpal Deep branch of radial EXTENDS & ADDUCTS
humerus bone nerve HAND at wrist joint
Anconeus Lateral epicondyle of humerus Lat.surface- olecranon process of Radial nerve EXTENDS ELBOW Jt.
ulna
Supinator Lateral epicondyle of Neck and shaft of radius Deep branch of radial SUPINATION OF FOREARM
humerus; Ulnar ligament of nerve
proximal radioulnar joint;
and Ulna
Abductor pollicis longus Post. Surface of radius & Base of 1st metacarpal Deep branch of radial ABDUCTS & EXTENDS
ulna bone nerve THUMB
Extensor pollicis brevis Post. Surface of radius & Base of proximal phalange Deep branch of radial EXTENDS THE PROXIMAL
ulna of thumb nerve PHALANX OF THUMB AT
THE METACARPO-
PHALANGEAL Joint
Extensor pollicis longus Post. Surface of radius & Base of distal phalange of Deep branch of radial EXTENDS DISTAL
ulna thumb nerve PHALANGE OF THUMB
Extensor indicis Post. Surface of radius & Extensor expansion of Deep branch of radial EXTENDS METACARPO-
ulna index finger nerve PHALANGEAL jt OF INDEX
FINGER

Muscles of the Hands:

Palmaris brevis Flexor retinaculum, palmar Skin of palm Superficial branch of ulnar CORRUGATES SKIN TO
aponeurosis nerve IMPROVE GRIP OF PALM
Lumbricals (4) Tendons of flexor Extensor expansion of Lateral 2- median nerve FLEX METACARPO-
digitorum profundus medial 4 fingers Medial 2- ulnar nerve PHALANGEAL Joints
EXTEND
INTERPHALANGEAL joints
of fingers EXCEPT thumb
Interossei (8)
Palmar(4) 1st palmar from bases of Proximal phalanges of Deep branch of ulnar nerve PALMAR INTEROSSEI
1st metacarpal; thumb, index, ring, and ADDUCT FINGERS
Remaining 3-from the little fingers and dorsal TOWARD CENTER OF 3RD
ant.surface of shafts of 2nd, FINGER
3rd, 4th, 5th metacarpal
bones
Dorsal (4) Contiguous sides of shafts Proximal phalanges of Deep branch of ulnar nerve ABDUCT FINGERS FROM
of metacarpal bones index, middle, and ring 3RD FINGER;
fingers and dorsal extensor
expansion
***Both palmar and dorsal flex metacarpophalangeal joints and interphalangeal joints!
Muscles of thumb:
Abductor pollicis brevis Scaphoid, trapezium, flexor Base of proximal phalange Median nerve ABDUCTS THUMB
retinaculum of thumb
Flexor pollicis brevis Flexor retinaculum Base of proximal phalange Median nerve FLEXES METACARPO-
of thumb PHALANGEAL joint of
thumb
Opponens pollicis Flexor retinaculum Shaft of metacarpal bone Median nerve PULLS THUMB MEDIALLY
AND FORWARD ACROSS
PALM
Adductor pollicis Oblique head: 2nd & 3rd Base of proximal phalange Deep branch of ulnar nerve ADDUCTS THUMB
metacarpal bones; of thumb
transverse head: 3rd
metacarpal bone

Muscles of Little finger:

Abductor digitiminimi Pisiform bone Base of proximal phalanx of Deep branch of ulnar nerve ABDUCTS LITTLE FINGER
little finger
Flexor digitiminimi Flexor retinaculum Base of proximal phalanx of Deep branch of ulnar nerve FLEXES LITTLE FINGER
little finger
Opponens digitiminimi Flexor retinaculum Medial border of 5th Deep branch of ulnar nerve PULLS 5TH METACARPAL
metacarpal bone FORWARD AS IN CUPPING
THE PALM

Muscles of the Thigh:

Sartorius ASIS Tibial shaft- upper medial Femoral nerve FLEXES, ABDUCTS,
surface EXTERNAL ROTATION OF
THIGH @ hip joint (FABER)
Iliacus Iliac fossa Converge and join the Lumbar plexus FLEXES THE THIGH on the
psoas tendon to form the trunk at the hip joint;
iliopsoas muscle to insert FLEXES THE TRUNK on the
at LESSER TROCHANTER thigh when the thigh is
fixed; and ROTATES THE
THIGH MEDIALLY
Psoas Roots of transverse processs, side of Lesser Trochanter Lumbar plexus Same as *Iliacus*
vertebral bodies and intervertebral
discs T12-L5
Pectineus Superior ramus of pubis Linea aspera upper end Femoral nerve; some cases FLEXES AND ADDUCTS THE
it receives a branch from THIGH AT THE HIP JOINT
Obturator nerve
QUADRICEPS FEMORIS
Rectus femoris Straight head: ASIS Via quadriceps tendon to Femoral nerve FLEXES THE THIGH (hip jt)
Reflected head: from Ilium the patella EXTENDS the leg at the
above acetabulum knee jt
Vastus lateralis Intertrochanteric line, base Via quadriceps tendon to Femoral nerve EXTENSION OF LEG AT THE
of the greater trochanter, the patella KNEE JOINT
linea aspera of femur, and
lateral deep fascia septum
Vastus medialis Intertrochanteric line, Via quadriceps tendon to Femoral nerve EXTENSION OF LEG AT THE
medial lip of linea aspera, the patella KNEE JOINT
medial deep fascial septum
Vastus intermedius Anterior and lateral surface Via quadriceps tendon to Femoral nerve EXTENSION OF LEG AT THE
of femur the patella KNEE JOINT
*end of quads

Gracilis Inferior ramus of the pubis Tibial shaft (upper medial Obturator nerve ADDUCTS THIGH
and ramus of ischium surface) FLEXES KNEE
(outer surface) ROTATES LEG MEDIALLY
Adductor longus Pubis (front body) Linea aspera Obturator nerve ADDUCTOR, FLEXOR, AND
LATERAL ROTATOR OF
THIGH
Adductor brevis Inferior ramus of pubis Linea aspera Obturator nerve ADDUCTOR, FLEXOR, AND
LATERAL ROTATOR OF
THIGH
Adductor magnus Inferior ramus of pubis Adductor portion: Post. Obturator nerve (adductor ADDUCTS AND ROTATES
Ramus of ischium Surface of femur from the portion) LATERALLY THE THIGH
Ischial tuberosity quadrate tubercle above Sciatic nerve (hamstring AND HELPS TO FLEX THE
and along the linea aspera portion) HIPS (adductor portion).
to supracondylar ridge
below. EXTENDS THE HIP JOINT
Hamstring portion: (hamstring portion)
adductor tuburcle
HAMSTRING MUSCLES:
Biceps femoris Long head: Ischial Head of fibula Long head: Tibial nerve FLEXES & LATERALLY
tuberosity Short head: Common ROTATES LEG @ KNEE jt.
Short head: linea aspera peroneal nerve LONG HEAD-EXTENDS
and lateral supracondylar THIGH AT HIP JOINT
ridge of femur
Semitendinosus Ischial tuberosity Tibia (upper medial shaft) Tibial nerve FLEXES AND MEDIALLY
ROTATES LEG AT KNEE
JOINT;
EXTENDS THIGH AT HIP JT
Semimembranosus Ischial tuberosity Medial condyle of Tibia Tibial nerve FLEXES AND MEDIALLY
ROTATES LEG @ KNEE JT;
EXTENDS THIGH AT HIP JT
Adductor magnus Ischial tuberosity Adductor tubercle of femur Tibial nerve EXTENDS THIGH AT HIP
(hamstring portion) JOINT

GLUTEAL MUSCLES:
Gluteus maximus Outer surface of ilium, Iliotibial tract and gluteal Inferior gluteal nerve EXTENDS & LATERALLY
sacrum, coccyc, tuberosity of femur ROTATES THE HIP JT
sacrotuberous ligament THROUGH THE ILIOTIBIAL
TRACT
EXTENDS KNEE JT
Gluteus medius Ilium (outer surface) Greater trochanter (lateral Superior gluteal nerve ABDUCTS THIGH AT HIP
surface) JOINT
TILT PELVIS when walking
Gluteus minimus Ilium (outer surface) Greater trochanter Superior gluteal nerve ABDUCTS THIGH AT HIP
(anterior surface) JOINT
TILT PELVIS when walking
Tensor fascia latae Iliac crest Iliotibial tract Superior gluteal nerve ASSISTS G.MAX IN
EXTENDING THE KNEE JT
Piriformis Sacrum (anterior surface) Greater trochanter (upper 1st & 2nd sacral nerves/ LATERAL ROTATOR OF
border) nerve to Piriformis THIGH AT HIP jt
Obturator internus Inner surface of obturator Greater trochanter (upper Nerve to obturator LATERAL ROTATOR OF
membrane border) internus THIGH AT HIP jt
Superior gemellus Ischial spine Greater trochanter (upper Nerve to obturator LATERAL ROTATOR OF
border) internus THIGH AT HIP jt
Inferior gemellus Ischial tuberosity Greater trochanter (upper Nerve to quadratus femoris LATERAL ROTATOR OF
border) THIGH AT HIP jt
Quadratus femoris Ischial tuberosity (Lateral Quadrate tubercle (femur) Nerve to quadratus femoris LATERAL ROTATOR OF
border) THIGH AT HIP jt

Muscles of the Leg:

Tibialis anterior Upper half-lateral surface Medial Cuneiform and 1st Deep peroneal nerve EXTENDS THE FOOT @
of the tibia and the metatarsal bone ankle joint
adjoining interosseous Inverts the foot at the
membrane subtalar and transverse
tarsal jts assists in holding
up the medial longitudinal
arch
Extensor digitorum longus Lateral condyle of tibia; Base of middle and distal Deep peroneal nerve EXTENDS THE TOES AND
most of the upper anterior phalanges of the lateral 4 EXTENDS THE FOOT AT
surface of the body of toes THE ANKLE JOINT
fibula and interosseous
membrane (accdg JT
Hansen-Netters Anatomy)
Peroneus tertius Lower third of the anterior Medial side of the base of Deep peroneal nerve EXTENDS THE FOOT AT
surface of the fibula the 5th metatarsal bone THE ANKLE JOINT;
EVERTS FOOT AT
SUBTALAR AND
TRANSVERSE TARSAL
JOINTS
Extensor hallucis longus Middle half of the Base of the distal phalanx Deep peroneal nerve EXTENDS THE BIG TOE
ant.surface of fibula of the big toe AND THE ANKLE JOINT;
adjoining interosseous ASSISTS IN INVERSION AT
membrane THE SUBTALAR AND
TRANSVERSE JOINT
Peroneus longus Upper 2/3 of the lateral Medial cuneiform and base Superficial peroneal nerve FLEXES THE FOOT at ankle
surface of fibula of the 1st metatarsal joint
EVERTS THE FOOT AT THE
SUBTALAR AND
TRANSVERSE TARSAL JT
*serves as a tie for the
 transverse tarsal arch and
holds the lateral
longitudinal arch
Peroneus brevis Lower 2/3 lateral surface- Base of 5th metatarsal Superficial peroneal nerve *SAME action as peroneus
FIBULA longus m.
Gastrocnemius Lateral head: Lateral Tendo-calcaneus into Tibial nerve PLANTAR FLEX FOOT
condyle of femur post.surface of calcaneum FLEX KNEES
Medial head: above medial
condyle of femur
Soleus Shafts of tibia and fibula Tendo-calcaneus into Tibial nerve POWERFUL PLANTAR
post.surface of calcaneum FLEXOR OF FOOT
Plantaris Lateral supracondylar ridge post.surface of calcaneum Tibial nerve PLANTAR FLEX FOOT;
of femur FLEX KNEE JT
Popliteus Lateral surface of Lateral Posterior surface of tibia Tibial nerve FLEX LEG AT KNEE JT;
condyle of femur above soleal line UNLOCK KNEE jt by
LATERAL ROTATION OF
FEMUR ON TIBIA &
SLACKENS THE LIGAMENT
OF the jt
Flexor digitorum longus Tibia (posterior surface) Bases of distal phalanges of Tibial nerve FLEXES DISTAL PHALANGES
lateral 4 toes OF 4 TOES;
PLANTAR FLEX FOOT
SUPPRORS MEDIAL &
LATERAL LONGITUDINAL
ARCHES OF FOOT
Tibialis posterior Tibia and fibula Tuberosity of navicular Tibial nerve PLANTAR FLX FOOT
(post.surface) bone and other INVERTS FOOT AT
neighboring bones SUBTALAR AND
TRANSVERSE JT;SUPPORTS
MEDIAL LONGITUDINAL
ARCHES OF THE FOOT

Flexor hallucis longus Fibula (post.surface) Base of distal phalanx of Tibial nerve FLEXES DISTAL PHALANX
big toe OF BIG TOE;PLANTAR FLX
 FOOT; SUPPORTS MEDIAL
LONGITUDINAL ARCHES OF
THE FOOT

Muscle of the dorsum of

the foot:
Extensor digirotum brevis Ant.part and upper surface w/ 4 tendons: the most Deep peroneal nerve EXTENDS THE 1ST, 2ND, 3RD,
of calcaneum medial (extensor hallucis 4TH TOES AT
brevis) is attached to the INTERPHALANGEAL AND
base of the proximal METATARSO-
phalanx of the big toe; PHALANGEAL joints
the lateral 3 tendons join
the long extensor tendons
to the 2nd, 3rd, 4th toes

Muscles of the Sole of the

foot:
1st Layer
Abductor hallucis Medial tuberosity of Base of proximal phalanx of Medial plantar nerve FLEXES AND ABDUCT BIG
calcaneum and flexor big toe TOE; BRACES MEDIAL
retinaculum LONGITUDINAL ARCH
Flexor digitorum brevis Medial tuberosity of 4 tendons to borders of Medial plantar nerve FLEXES LATERAL 4 TOES;
calcaneum middle phalanx of the Braces medial and lateral
lateral 4 toes longitudinal arch
Abductor digiti minimi Medial and lateral Base of proximal phalanx of Lateral plantar nerve FLEX & ABDUCT 5TH TOE;
tuberosities of calcaneum 5th toe braces lateral longitudinal
arch
2nd Layer:
Quadratus plantae Medial and lateral sides of Tendon of flexor digitorum Lateral plantar nerve ASSIST FLEXOR
Aka: Flexor digitorum calcaneum longus DIGITORUM LONGUS IN
accessorius FLEXING LATERAL 4 TOES
Lumbricals Tendons of flexor Dorsal extensor expansion Medial Plantar nerve (1st EXTEND TOES at
digitorum longus lumbrical) interphalangeal joints
Lateral plantar nerve (3
remaining lumbricals)
Flexor digitorum longus Posterior surface - TIBIA Bases of distal phalanges of Tibial nerve FLEXES DISTAL PHALANGES
(tendon) lateral 4 toes OF 4 TOES;
PLANTAR FLEX FOOT
SUPPRORS MEDIAL &
LATERAL LONGITUDINAL
ARCHES OF FOOT
Flexor hallucis longus Post.surface- FIBULA Base of distal phalanx of Tibial nerve FLEXES DISTAL PHALANX
(tendon) big toe OF BIG TOE;PLANTAR FLX
FOOT; SUPPORTS MEDIAL
LONGITUDINAL ARCHES OF
THE FOOT
3rd Layer:
Flexor hallucis brevis Cuboid, Lateral cuneiform, Lateral tendon: Base of Medial plantar nerve FLEX METATARSO-
tibialis posterior insertion phalanx of big toe (lateral PHALANGEAL JT OF BIG
side) TOE; SUPPORT MEDIAL
Medial tendon: base of LONGITUDINAL ARCH OF
phalanx of big toe (medial THE BIG TOE
side)
Adductor hallucis Oblique head: bases of 2nd. Lateral side of base of Lataral plantar nerve FLEX METATARSO-
3rd, 4th metatarsal bones proximal phalanx of big toe PHALANGEAL JT OF BIG
TOE; holds together
metatarsal bones
Flexor digiti minimi brevis Base of the 5th metatarsal Lateral side of base of Lateral plantar nerve FLEX METATARSO-
bone proximal phalanx of little PHALANGEAL JT OF LITTLE
toe TOE;
4th Layer:
Dorsal Interossei Adjacent sides of Bases of proximal Lateral plantar nerve ABDUCTION OF TOES;
metatarsal bones phalanges: FLEXES METATARSO-
1st dorsal interossei: medial PHALANGEAL Jt;
side of second toe EXTENDS INTER-
Remaining dorsal PHALANGEAL jts
interossei: lateral sides of
2nd, 3rd, 4th toes dorsal
extensor expansions
Plantar interossei Inferior surface of 3rd. 4th, Medial side of bases of proximal Lateral Plantar nerves ADDUCTS TOES ; FLEXES
5th metatarsal bones phalanges of lateral 3 bones METATARSO-
 PHALANGEAL Jt;
EXTENDS INTER-
PHALANGEAL jts
Peroneus longus (tendon) Upper 2/3 of the lateral Medial cuneiform and base Superficial peroneal nerve FLEXES THE FOOT at ankle
surface of fibula of the 1st metatarsal joint
EVERTS THE FOOT AT THE
SUBTALAR AND
TRANSVERSE TARSAL JT
*serves as a tie for the
transverse tarsal arch and
holds the lateral
longitudinal arch
Tibialis posterior (tendon) Tibia and fibula Tuberosity of navicular Tibial nerve PLANTAR FLX FOOT
(post.surface) bone and other INVERTS FOOT AT
neighboring bones SUBTALAR AND
TRANSVERSE JT;SUPPORTS
MEDIAL LONGITUDINAL
ARCHES OF THE FOOT

Made by: charm asinas B2015 =)