1.2. 5 1 Defence Copenhagen Sibila

Author: Marko IBILA
Title: Theory of open 5:1 zone defence
Introduction
The actions of the defenders in the zone defence 5:1 may very depending on the basic concept
that is used. In particular there is a difference in terms of aggressiveness and depth of
acceding toward the attackers. This is meant as acting against an attack with classic layout
two wings, three backs and one pivot, as in the transformation of attack with two pivots.
Regarding this aggressiveness in principle we can considered 5:1 zone defence as more open
or more close zone defence.
In this contribution open 5:1 zone defence system is presented. Players stand in their basic
position in two lines. Along six metres line act outside right (OR), outside left (OL), mid-right
(MR), mid-left (ML) and centre (C) defenders. At the centre of the playing field stand the
player who is furthest from the line of goalkeepers area front centre (FC) at about 9 metres
(Figure 1).
Figure 1: Players initial position in 5:1 zone defence.

Basic individual and team tactic of 5:1 open zone defence
Similar as in the 3:2:1 zone defence the main task of the OR and OL is to provide a good
width of the zone and to prevent shoots from the wing position. With this purpose they use
especially side acting along the six metres line. Rarely and only as an exception (when they
have to correct the mistake of other players) they act also in depth. But they can also use a
tactical approach to hinder the pass between back player and wing player. They have also a
very important role at guarding the pivot player, especially when he moves in a very width
position. So they help the MR and ML defenders (in collaboration with other players). The
tasks of C defender are slightly different as they are in 3:2:1 zone defence. Namely in a
principle he can also act in a depth of the court toward the back players (Figure 2). F defender
is basically responsible for CB attacker. He can also help other defenders to prevent dangers
situations (Figure 1).
The work of MR, ML and C defenders depend mainly on the position of the attacking pivot
player. If the pivot stands between the MR or ML defender and C on the side of the ball,
whilst the ball is in possession of the back player (e.g. LB is in possession of the ball, pivot
stands between MR and C defenders), the piston movement of the back attacker determines
who and how deep will step towards the ball and who will remain with the pivot. If the run of
the LB is straight (wide run), MR defender moves towards the ball up to the 8-metre distance
from the goal. When the run of the LB is towards the middle of the field, C defender moves
towards the ball up to the 9 or 10-metre distance from the goal (Figure 2). When the pivot
stands on the other side than MR can freely move much more in the depth toward the LB
attacker (more open) (Figure 3).
Figure 2: Players position when the LB makes a piston movement toward centre P position
is between MR and C.
Figure 3: Players position when the LB makes a piston movement toward centre P is on the
opposite side.
A special case of team tactical acting in zone defence 5:1 represent the reaction of defenders
when attack make a transition to play with two pivots, two backs and two wings (one of backs
run to goalkeeper's area). In this case the defence should make a transition into zone defence
4:2 (or even combined defence 4+2) (Figure 4). In the second case however team makes a
transition into combined defence 5+1 (Figure 5). Similarly is valid also in the case when wing
player run along the goalkeepers area line. Now MR defender act aggressive and F remain in
the basic position (Figure 6).
Figure 4: Players position when attacking team makes a transition and continue to play with 2
pivots, 2 backs and 2 wings (one of the back players take a position beside goalkeeper line).
pivots, 2 backs and 2 wings (one of the back players take a position beside goalkeeper line)
5+1 zone defence. CB run toward goalkeeper line F defender overtake RB attacker and C act
aggressive.
pivots, 3 backs and 1 wing (one of the wing players take a position beside goalkeeper line).
Conclusion
Open zone defence 5:1 is often used in top level handball competitions. It offers defenders
many options for creative operations both in individual and team tactics. Its biggest strength
is that provides a lot of aggressiveness and restricts the attacks teams tactical operations.
Many times defenders change their tactic also during a single match what provoke a lot of
problems for the attacking team.

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1.2. 5 1 Defence Copenhagen Sibila

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Author: Marko IBILA

Title: Theory of open 5:1 zone defence

Figure 1: Players initial position in 5:1 zone defence.

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