LAPORAN HASIL PEMBEKALAN PESERTA PLPG TAHUN 2017

LAPORAN MENTORING PERIODE DUA

Nama Peserta : CHARLY KURNIAWAN

NUPTK : 4461762662200002
Nomor Peserta PLPG : 17146015710048
Bidang Studi Sertifikasi : 157 Bahasa Inggris
Sekolah Asal : SMKN 2 PALANGKA RAYA

I. LAPORAN MENTORING PERIODE DUA

Sumber Belajar Bidang Studi
A. RINGKASAN MATERI
1. CHAPTER 1 TEXT AND NON-TEXT
Meaning of Text
Etymologically, text comes from a metaphorical use of the Latin
verb textere 'weave', suggesting a sequence of sentences or utterances
'interwoven' structurally and semantically
Halliday and Hasan (1976:1-2) mention that text is a semantic unit.
Halliday said that the text is the language people produce and react to, what
they say and write, and read and listen to, in the course of daily life.. The
term covers both speech and writing it may be language in action,
conversation, telephone talk, debate, public notices, ... intimate
monologue or anything else (1975:123).
Werlich (1976) says that a text is an extended structure of syntactic
units (i.e. text as super-sentence) such as words, groups, and clauses and
textual units that is marked by both coherence among the elements and
completion.
Beaugrande and Dressler (1981) define a text as a communicative
occurrence which meets seven standards of textuality, they are:
a. Cohesion concerns the ways in which the components of the surface
text are connected within a sequence.
b. Coherence related to the ways in which concepts and relations.
c. Intentionality refers to the text producer's attitude and intentions
d. Acceptability concerns to the text receiver's attitude that the text should
constitute useful or relevant details or information such that it is worth
accepting.
 e. Informativity is the extent to which the contents of a text are already
known or expected as compared to unknown or unexpected.
f. Situationality refers to the factors which make a text relevant to a
situation of occurrence.
g. Intertextuality concerns with the factors which make the utilization of
one text dependent upon knowledge of one or more previously
encountered text.
The characteristics of the text:
- Essentially semantic unit as a form of interaction
- Cohesive and coherence; not random but connected
- Spoken or written; mode of linguistics realization
- Of any length
- Create and/created by context (situationally relevant).
Meaning of Non-Text
Werlich (1976) says a non-text consists of random sequences of
linguistic units such as sentences, paragraphs, or sections in any temporal
and/or spatial extension.
Beaugrande and Dressler (1981) says non-communicative texts are
treated as non-texts

2. CHAPTER 2 MODALITY
Meaning of Modals
Modals (also called modal verbs, modal auxiliary verbs, modal
auxiliaries) are special verbs which behave irregularly in English. Modals
are also those helping verbs, which express the mode or manner of the
actions indicated by the main verbs. They express modes such as ability,
possibility, probability, permission, obligation, etc. The most commonly
used modals are shall, should, will, would, can, could, may, might, must,
ought to, used to, need and dare.

Characteristics of modal verbs

Characteristics of modal verbs:
They never change their form. You can't add "s", "ed", "ing"...
They are always followed by an infinitive without "to" (e.i. the bare
infinitive.)
They are used to indicate modality allow speakers to express certainty,
possibility, willingness, obligation, necessity, ability.

Use of modal verbs

Modal verbs are used to express functions such as:
Modal Verb Expressing Example
Must Strong obligation You must stop when the traffic lights turn
red
Logical He must be very tired. He's been working
Conclusion/Certainty all day long.
must not Prohibition You must not smoke in the hospital
can Ability I can swim
Permission Can I use your phone please?
Possibility Smoking can cause cancer
could Ability in the past When I was younger I could run fast.
Polite permission Excuse me, could I just say something?
Possibility It could rain tomorrow!
may Permission May I use your phone please?
Possibility, probability It may rain tomorrow!
might Polite permission Might I suggest an idea?
Possibility, probability I might go on holiday to Australia next
year.
need not Lack of necessity/ I need not buy tomatoes. There are plenty
absence of obligation of tomatoes in the fridge
should/ 50 % obligation I should / ought to see a doctor. I have a
ought to terrible headache.
Advice You should / ought to revise your lessons
Logical conclusion He should / ought to be very tired. He's
been working all day long.
had better Advice You 'd better revise your lessons

3. CHAPTER 3 LOGICAL CONNECTOR

Meaning of Logical Connector
Logical connector is a connector which link the semantical unit of
language. Logical connectors are used to join or connect two ideas that
have a particular relationship. These relationships can be: sequential (time),
reason and purpose, adversative (opposition, contrast and/or unexpected
result), condition. Within each category, the words used to join the ideas or
clauses are used differently, with different grammar and punctuation.

Types of Logical Connector

Subordinating conjunctions
Introduce adverb clauses
Either the dependent clause or the independent clause may come first in
the sentence, with no change in meaning
example: - Before he came, we didn't have a physical education
teacher.
 - We didn't have a physical education teacher before he
came
Prepositions
Is followed by a noun or noun phrase
Either clause may appear first
example: - He didn't come to class due to his illness.
Transitions and Conjunctive adverbs
Joins two sentences separated by a period or two clauses separated by a
semi-colon.
Only one possible order of the sentences
The transition may appear clause initial, clause final, or between the
subject and verb of the second sentence.
example: - He was sick. Nevertheless, he came to class
Conjunctions
One possible order
A comma is used before the conjunction
In academic writing, do not begin a sentence with a conjunction
example: - He didn't do his homework, so he didn't pass the class.
Connector Chart
Connector Chart ADJUNCT CONNECTIVE
SUBORDINATORS
COORDINATORS PREPOSITIONS ADVERBS
A coordinator A subordinator A preposition as the A connective adverb
expresses a marks a clause as head of an adjunct expresses a
relationship subordinate to (a prepositional relationship
(addition +, dependent of) the phrase connects a between two
contrast -, option main clause. The subordinate clauses and
+/-) between two subordinator itself structure. A transitions the
like (same kind) does not have a preposition, unlike a reader or listener
words, phrases or meaning. It serves subordinator, from the main idea
clauses. The to connect content carries meaning. in one clause to the
coordinated information. See Depending on its idea in the next
elements are Subordinators. Also meaning, it may clause. (Also called
reversible [A+ B = B see Clauses: Other take a noun phrase, conjunctive
+ A]. See Clause Types. a clause, or another adverbs, linking
Coordinators. Also structure as its adverbs or
see Coordinator complement. transition words.)
Properties.

It was cold, and the He said that it was Though it was

wind was blowing. raining. raining, he He opened his
(different subjects) He thinks (that) we continued walking. umbrella. However,
He opened his need rain. He walked though it the wind blew it
umbrella, but the It is so windy that it was raining. away.
wind blew it blew me over. Besides being It was windy and
backwards. We like to walk in windy, it was rainy. cold. Moreover, it
Did he take an the rain. The wind was was raining.
umbrella, or did he He wishes (for) us strong besides His umbrella blew
wear his raincoat? to bring a coat. being cold. away in the wind.
He took neither an He asked if I needed Otherwise, he
umbrella nor a an umbrella. would have used it.
raincoat. In addition, it was
windy and cold.
*It was raining, so
he opened his
umbrella.
NO MEANING
that (declarative)
if, whether
(interrogative)
to (infinitival),
for (infinitive subj)

ADDITION
and, also, and also besides, in addition in addition,
both...and, not only to furthermore,
...also, not only... moreover,
but also, and...too, additionally,
and so besides, firstly,
secondly, next,
finally
ALTERNATIVE
or, nor, either...or, prefer X to Y, would instead, as an
neither...nor, X ratheror, rather alternative,
rather than Y than (2) otherwise, rather
CAUSE-EFFECT / REASON
*so, *for (Also because, since, now so (reason), for
connective adverb) that, as, in order, as (purpose)
long as, inasmuch, therefore,
because of, due to, consequently, as a
owing to, so that, in consequence, as a
order that, if only result, thus, hence,
because accordingly
COMPARISON
as (like), asas, In the same way,
same as, soas, Similarly, In
suchas, such as, contrast, Unlike X, Y
similar to, equal
to/with, identical
to/with, -er than,
 more than, less
than, rather than,
preferto, superior
to, inferior to,
different
from/to/than.
CONDITION
or else if, only if, unless, otherwise, in the
even if, whether, event (that),anyway,
whether or not, anyhow
provided (that), in
case, in the event
(that)
CONTRARY CAUSE-EFFECT
but, but still, but although, even yet, nevertheless,
anyway though, though, nonetheless,
*yet (Also while, whereas, however, on the one
connective adverb) despite, in spite of, hand, on the other
regardless of hand, in contrast to,
in contrast, on the
contrary
EMPHASIS
so...that (Adv- indeed, in fact, of
Subord) course, certainly
such...that (Adj-
Subord)
PLACE
where, wherever there, here, In this
location

TIME
after, before, when, first, second, next,
while, since, as, then, finally,
until, as soon as, by previously, now,
the time, once presently, next, still,
meanwhile,
subsequently,
afterward

Logical Connector about Cause-Effect

Reason / Cause-Effect
Because (since, as, now that) is a connective preposition that relates
additional (non-essential) information to the main clause. Because is
 complemented by a clause that states a reason (cause) for the effect
stated in the main clause. The cause-effect relationship or reasoning is
what we would expect.
Example :
EFFECT CAUSE
Justin wore his winter pants because it was snowing.
Justin rode his bike to school
as his car was snowed in. (under snow)
He likes to walk in the snow since it is a special winter experience.
He put on his parka for he felt cold.
rarely used in US English
Justin can make a snowman now that there is snow on the ground.
The mayor apologized inasmuch as the snow removal was
behind schedule. (late)
The mayor declared a holiday for the reason that no one could get to
work.
Contrary Reasoning / Noncause-Effect
Though (although, even though) is a connective preposition that relates
additional (non-essential) information to the main clause. Though is
complemented by a clause that states a contrary reason for the effect. It
is either illogical, concessive or not the reason (something else is).
EFFECT NON-CAUSAL / CONCESSION
Justin wore his winter pants though it was warm outside. just
because he felt like it.
Justin rode his bike to school even though the snow was slippery.
He likes to walk in the snow although his nose gets cold.
(concession)
He put on his parka regardless of the fact (that) he did not
feel cold.
Justin made an excellent despite the fact (that) he had never
snowman made one before.
The mayor apologized in spite of the fact (that) snow removal
was not his responsibility.
The mayor declared a yet some people went to work anyway.
holiday,

4. CHAPTER 4 NOTICE AND ANNOUNCEMENT

Functional text is text that serves to provide information that is
considered important to someone. Short functional text is a text that has
social function to inform something. It's called short functional text
because the text is short and has a specific information. Kinds of functional
 texts are notice, announcement, advertisement, short message, label, sign,
pamphlet, brochure and the other short texts.

Meaning of Notice and Announcement

Notice is a sign in a public place giving information or instructions.
Notice is premonition to someone; it can be command, caution,
information, prohibition.
Notice Command means the notice gives instruction to people to do
what is written.
Notice caution is used to warn someone to be careful or aware of
something.
Notice prohibition informs people that they are forbidden to do what is
written.
Announcement is an important or official statement that informs
people about something. Announcement is often seen in public area, such
as at school, hospital and other public places.
.
Example of Notice and Announcement
Notice
Notice Command Notice Caution Notice Prohibition

Announcement
In the School In the Public Area

B. MATERI YANG SULIT DIPAHAMI

 Bab 3, karena begitu banyak terdapat contoh kata untuk diingat untuk
setiap tipe konektor. Jika lupa posisinya dapat memberikan makna yg salah.

C. MATERI ESENSIAL APA SAJA YANG TIDAK ADA DALAM SUMBER

BELAJAR
Bab 1, tidak ada contoh untuk text dan non-text, serta tidak ada
penjelasan tentang context dan co-text.

D. MATERI APA SAJA YANG TIDAK ESENSIAL NAMUN ADA DALAM

SUMBER BELAJAR
Pada Bab 2, I do not run, I dont run, I think do merupakan contoh
auxiliary.

E. JAWABAN LATIHAN SOAL URAIAN

Chapter 1 Text and Non-Text
Questions:
1. Differentiate the text and nontext ! Then, give the examples!
2. Elaborate the meaning of context by giving the example!
3. Give the examples of coherence and cohesion in one text, then analyze
them.
Answers:
1. Text is a sequence of sentences or utterances 'interwoven' structurally and
semantically,
Example:
PANDA
Have you known panda? How are pandas look like? Well,
pandas are mammal. It means that pandas bear live babies. They
feed the babies on milk.
Panda is like bear. their bodies are typical. It has two dominant
colors, white and black. Pandas fur is seen dominantly in white or
snowy. While the legs, ears, eyes, and also the muzzle are covered
with black fur.
Formerly, panda lived in South and East China. It was also
found in part of Myanmar and Vietnam. Today, panda is seen a lot
in forest area in Sinchuan, Gangsu, and Shaanxi of China
Panda looks cute however it is actually a wild animal. It is like
a bear. Because it has strength, panda potentially becomes a
frightful animal
 Non-text consists of random sequences of linguistic units such as
sentences, paragraphs, or sections in any temporal and/or spatial extension
and also non-communicative texts.
Example:
..It has two dominant colors, white and black. Pandas fur is seen
dominantly in white or snowy..

2. Man : Hey! Nice pants!

Woman : Excuse me?
Man : I said nice pants.
Woman : You cant see my pants, can you?
Man : Of course I can.
Woman : How can you see my pants?
Man : Theyre on your legs!
By the dialogue between Man and Woman have deferent meaning about
pants. Man meaning pants such as cloth wear in legs and can see.
Woman meaning pants such as cloth wear hiding. Beside that can make
understanding about context, context is verbal & non-verbal environment
of speech. Context have 3 types, such as linguistic context, context of
situation, and context of culture. In example that is context of culture
between American English and British English.
3.
I am a undergraduate student of PalangkaRaya University, I was
born on Matabu Village, a little village in the corner of East Barito 19
years ago actually in May, 13th 1994. I have wonderful family who
always stand up beside me in every minute which I have. Dwi Waskito
and Istiqomah are the most powerful human who Ive ever known, they
are my parent. They have given a beautiful name to me, Nanda Habib
Firdaus.
That is My Name, Nanda Habib Firdaus. My nick name is Nanda or
Habib, I love my name so much because it has a wonderful meaning, A
blue-eyed boy of heaven. That was my parents pray for the goodness of
my life. Basically, I just like a common boy who always tries to make his
parents proud. Im not really smart, but Im not a stupid boy. I live in
Sukadamai village with my family. I have one young brother and sister.
 Physically Im fat, my weight around 87- 89 kilogram, my height is just
around 1,62 meters, myself is so far from proportional. But I have a pair
of pretty enough eyes, brown eyes. My nose is flat, but I have a thin lips.
My hair is black middlecurly with spike hairstyle.
First paragraph is categorized as inadequate cohesion paragraph because
every sentences is not form a united whole and the idea is different each
other. So the idea is not built as one unity.
Second paragraph belongs to coherence paragraph where the idea of the
paragraph is just related not united.

Chapter 2 Modality
Questions:
1. Analyze the meaning of could by giving the examples.
2. Analyze the following sentences:
You must stop when the traffic lights turn red;
He must be very tired. Hes been working all day long.
3. Make some sentences consists of probabilities.
Answers:
1. - When I was younger I could climb higher.
Analyze : I have ability when younger but havent ability now to
climb higher. Could expressing ability in the past
- It could rain tomorrow!
Analyze : weather possible rain in tomorrow. Could expressing
posibility
2. First sentence is expressing strong obligation because that is law
Second sentence is expressing Logical conclusion because effect causes
3. - The weather may sunny tomorrow!
- I might go on Sunday to Barabai next week.

Chapter 3 Logical Connector

Questions :
1. Write a text in at least 300 words consists of logical connectors.
2. Categorize all the logical connectors used on the text below!
How Chocolate is Made
Have we wondered how we get chocolate from? Well this time
we will enter the amazing world of chocolate so we can understand exactly
we are eating. Chocolate starts a tree called cacao tree. This tree grows in
equatorial regions, especially in place such as South America, Africa, and
Indonesia. The cacao tree produces a fruit about the size of a small
pineapple. Inside the fruits are the tree's seeds. They are also known as
coco bean.
Next, the beans are fermented for about a week, dried in the sun.
After that they are shipped to the chocolate maker. The chocolate maker
starts by roasting the beans to bring out the flavor. Different beans from
different places have different qualities and flavor. So they are often
shorted and blended to produce a distinctive mix.
 The next process is winnowing. The roasted beans are winnowed
to remove the meat nib of the cacao bean from its shell. Then the nibs are
blended. The blended nibs are ground to make it a liquid. The liquid is
called chocolate liquor. It tastes bitter. All seeds contain some amount of fat
and cacao beans are not different. However, cacao beans are half fat, which
is why the ground nibs from liquid. It is pure bitter chocolate.

3. Explain the different of:

a. Since, until and upon
b. Sothat and suchthat
c. Despite and inspite of
d. Nevertheless and nonetheless

Answers:
1. My Boyolali Trip
It was Sunday, the end of my holiday indeed, when friends of mine
suddenly came to my home and picked me up. They told me that we were
going to go out of town. That was unpredictable and really surprised me
because there was no any confirmation before. At 9 oclock in the morning,
we departed from my home and realized that the road was very crowded.
Then, we decided to take freeway to save the time. For about thirty minutes
later, we were out. But not arrived yet. We tried to find a store to buy some
food and drink as our provisions. After we got them, we continued our trip
to Boyolali. Well, it took approximately two hours to get there.
In the afternoon, we arrived and came in to one of my friends
house first. There, we could take some rest and had lunch together. After
that, according to the plan, we had to continue our trip to go to Tlatar. But,
my friends mother asked us to take some fruit as gift. The fruit such as
mangoes, rambutans and guava. It was out of our meant, but we accepted
it. Of course, moreover, they could complete our provisions, right?
After we got a lot of gift, we went to Tlatar, a special nature park
and pond in Boyolali. The way to get there was really nice, we could see
the fields and woods around us with the beautiful mountain behind them.
Furthermore, we could feel the fresh air which was difficult to be found in
Semarang. In Tlatar, we could swim and fishing. While some of us were
swimming, the others were fishing or just enjoyed the view. We also
ordered some food and drink.
The other and the last place we visited was Badhe Dam. It was big
dam in Boyolali. We got there when it was getting afternoon around at five
oclock. Well, the situation there was really amazing. It was the right place
to calm our self and mind. The beautiful dam with the blue sky were really
a wonderful mixture of nature. We relaxed and felt calm. And did not
forget to take pictures together.
At six, we realized that it was getting to dark, we had to back to
Semarang. So, we decided to departed right away. We were very glad and
enjoyed our trip together. We would never forget it.

2. Paragraph one,
So = Addition
Such as = Comarison
 And = Addition
Also = Addition
Paragraph two,
Next = Addition
And = Addition
So = Addition
Paragraph three,
Next = Addition
And = Addition
However = Contrary cause-effect
3. a. Since, until and upon
Since = sequential conjunction
Until = purpose
Upon = sequential prepositions
b. Sothat and suchthat
So that = after so not have article (a/an)
Such that = after such have article (a/an)
c. Despite and in spite of
Despite tiny formal than in spite of. But the two terms are
interchangeable
d. Nevertheless and nonetheless
Nonetheless is used when talking about an amount of something
Nevertheless should be used when talking about doing something
despite the facts

Chapter 4 Notice And Announcement

Questions:
1. Decide the language features of announcement given below!
ANNOUNCEMENT
English Speech Contest
For all students of SMP Negeri 1, we announce English Speech
Contest
Time : Friday-Saturday, 22-23 March 2015
Place : Hall of SMP Negeri 1
Each class should register at least one student with one of these
following topics: 1. The Advantages of Learning English, 2. The
Effective Way of Learning English.
For further information, visit the committee of this English Speech
Contest.
Regard,
The Committee of English Speech Contest

2. Design the announcement and the notice!

3. Explain the features of both the announcement and the notice above!
Answers:
1. simple future tense
2. Announcement

notice

3. Announcement : using simple present tense and simple future tense

Notice : using picture, symbol, a word, and sentence obligation