Workplace Safety and Health

in Basic Language
A Collection of Safety and Health Resources
for the Canadian Learning Benchmark 1 to 3 Audience
Contents
Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Artwork 6

Module 1: Introduction to Safety 1 to 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

About the Kit 8
When Should I Introduce Workplace Safety in the Class? 9
Is the Material Relevant to the Class? 9
How to Navigate the Kit 10

1.1 Background Information 10

Why is safety training important? 10
Cultural taboos 10

1. 2 Classroom Activities 11
Activity 1.2.1: What is relevant to your students? 11

1. 3 Visuals 12
1.3.1 People at work 12
1.3.2 Dressed for work 12

Module 2: Basic Vocabulary for Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Objectives 16

2.1 Background Information 16

2.2 Suggested Classroom Activities 16

2.2.1 Reading Danger Signs 16
2.2.2 Activities Introducing Basic Safety Vocabulary 17
2.2.3 Workplace Injuries (Dialogues) 17

2.3 Handouts 18
Activity 2.3.1: Danger signs 18
Cards for 2.2.3 Types of Incidents 21
Workplace Injuries Flashcards 2.2.4 21

Module 3: Watching for Hazards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Outcomes 24

3.1 Background Information 24

3. 2 Classroom Activities 24
Activity 3.2.1: Hazards, things that can hurt you 24
Activity 3.2.2: Slips and trips 25
Activity 3.2.3: Reporting a hazard (role play) 25
Activity 3.2.4: A personal hazard story 25
Activity 3.2.5: Machines with moving parts 25

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 3.3 Hazard Handouts 26
Handout for Activity 3.2.1: Hazards, small cards 26
Handout for Activity 3.2.2: Match the danger with the danger sign 28
Handout for Activity 3.2.3: Identifying fall hazards 29
Exercise for Activity 3.2.4: Slips and trips 30
3.2.5 A Personal Hazard Story 31
Machines with Moving Parts 32

3.4 Hazards Visuals 33

3.4.1 Hazards Flash Cards 33
3.4.2 Workplace Injuries 36
3.4.3 Effects of Hazardous Materials 37
3.4.4 Photo Collection 38

Module 4: Hazardous Materials and WHMIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Objectives 42

4.1 Background Information 42

The WHMIS System has 4 Components 42

4.2 Classroom Activities 45

Activity 4.2.1: Making Hazardous Materials posters 45
Activity 4.2.2: How poison enters your body 47
Activity 4.2.3: Feeling ill 47
Activity 4.2.4: Personal Protective Equipment for Hazardous Materials 47
Activity 4.2.5: Reading a WHMIS label 48
Activity 4.2.6: Talking about toxic effects 49
Activity 4.2.7: Listening to a WHMIS story 49

4.3 Handouts 50
Handout for Activity 4.2.3: Feeling Ill 50
Handout for Activity 4.2.7: A WHMIS story 51
Handout for Activity 4.2.5: Reading a WHMIS label 53

4.4 Visuals for Hazardous Materials and WHMIS 54

WHMIS Symbols 54
4 Ways into the Body 60
Personal Protective Equipment for Hazardous Materials 62

Module 5: Working Safely . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64

Outcomes 65

5.1 Background Information 65

5.2 Classroom Activities 65

Activity 5.2.1: Dressing for safety 65

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 Activity 5.2.2: Ethnic Dress 66
Activity 5.2.3: Body Parts and Injuries 67
Activity 5.2.4: Personal Protective Equipment 68
Activity 5.2.5: Card Games 68
Activity 5.2.6: Fire Safety 68
Activity 5.2.7: Using a Fire Extinguisher 69
Activity 5.2.8: Use Machines with Care 69

5.3 Handouts 70
Handout for Activity for 5.2.1: Dress Regulations for Packing Floor 70
Handout for Activity for 5.2.2: Ethnic Dress and Safety (Reading) 71
Handout for Activity 5.2.3: Body Parts and Injuries 74
Handout for Activity 5.2.4: What PPE are these workers wearing? 76
5.2.4 Review: Personal Protective Equipment 77
Handout for Activity 5.2.6: Fire Safety 78
Handout for Activity 5.2.7: Using a Fire Extinguisher 78

5.4 Working Safely Visuals 79

5.4.1 Dress for safety cards 79
5.4.2 PPE posters 87
5.4.3 Card games with PPE 100
5.4.4 Fire Safety 104
5.4.5 Machine Guarding poster 105
5.4.6 Hazard Alert posters 106

Module 6: Safety in Light Industry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109

Objectives 110

6.1 Background Information 110

6.2 Classroom Activities 111

Activity 6.2.1: More discussion of Hazards 111
Activity 6.2.2: Warning Symbols 111
Activity 6.2.3: Reporting a Hazard to your Supervisor 112
Activity 6.2.4: Giving Instructions about Ergonomics (role play) 112
Activity 6.2.5: An Incident Report Form 113

6.3 Industry Handouts 114

Handout for Activity 6.2.2: Warning Symbols 114
Flashcards for Activity 6.2.3: Reporting a Hazard to your Supervisor 116
Ergonomics Posters for Activity 6.2.4 117
Incident Report Form for Activity 6.2.5 120

6.4 Visuals 121

6.4.1 Photos from Industry 121
6.4.2 Industry Warning Symbols 122

Resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125

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Acknowledgements
The kit and the activity suggestions were compiled and written by Lisa Petit. For their
support and assistance, many thanks go to the following people:

Anna Bird at Adult Language Training Branch,

Manitoba Department of Labour and Immigration.
Judy Fraser at Workplace Safety and Health,
Manitoba Department of Labour and Immigration.
Carol Hawkins, and the supportive members of MISI,
The Manitoba Immigrant Safety Initiative.
Melanie Olfert and Nuo Yang.
Lisa Allard, Lisa Reichert and Carla Woods at Work Start.
Gail Foote-Leylek at St. Boniface Hospital.
James Morden and Paul Urish at Palliser Furniture.
Linda Lalonde and Margaret Ko at International Centre.
Sylvia Thiessen, English at Work Coordinator, Pembina Valley.
Linda Karras, EAL workplace instructor.

Artwork
Many of the photos used in this Resource come from the MISI (Manitoba Immigrant Safety
Initiative) collection and were taken at Palliser Furniture.

Others were provided by SAFE Manitoba and Health and Safety 101,
Workplace Safety and Insurance Board, Ontario.
Photos for People at Work are from Career Destinations Manitoba.
Another source throughout has been Microsoft Office Clipart.
Hazard Alert stories and illustrations are courtesy of Worksafe BC.
Story sequence artwork is by Lisa Petit.

The Health and Safety 101 Resource Guide is funded by Citizenship and Immigration
Canada through the Manitoba Immigrant Integration Program.

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 module 1
Introduction to Health and safety 1 to 3

Workplace Safety and Health in Basic Language I 7

Module 1: Introduction to Health
and Safety 1 to 3
About the Kit
In late 2008, the Manitoba Immigrant Safety Initiative (MISI)
collaborated with Adult Language Training (Immigration,
Settlement and Multiculturalism Division, Manitoba Labour
and Immigration) to assemble a database of safety and
health resources for immigrant workers. This Resource can be
found at www.immigratemanitoba.ca.

The search uncovered few EAL materials at lower levels

(Canadian Language Benchmark levels 1 to 3), that
focused on Safety and Health issues. This kit, funded by Adult
Language Training, is an attempt to address that need.

The kit provides teachers of CLB Levels 1-3 with Workplace

Health and Safety materials appropriate for use in the classroom. The manual provides an
overview of the materials for lesson planning and the .pdf format allows you to adapt the
handouts and visuals to your needs.

The kit includes six modules, usually containing 4 sections:

Section 1: Background Information for the instructor

Section 2: Suggested Classroom Activities and Handouts
Section 3: Handouts referenced to the activities
Section 4: Large coloured visuals (posters, flash cards, game cards, etc.)

Downloading the manual to your hard drive will give you full access to the materials. The
materials are in .pdf format. Using the Select tab, you can copy text and graphics into a
Word document which will allow you to adapt it to the needs of your class.

The kit focuses on lower skilled jobs at the entry level. The samples include such jobs as
housekeeping (hospital and hotel), fast food, warehousing, construction or auto mechanic.

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Beginners benefit a lot from good visual supports. The kit provides a variety of printable,
copiable materials in different formats. The pictures can be augmented by copying them
to a blank page, then clicking and dragging to expand to poster or flash card size. If you
want to use the pictures in a smaller format, copy and shrink them to the size you need.

Large photos can be printed and stored in binders. Flash cards and cards
fit into small ziplock bags or in small (cheap) photo albums.

Smaller cards used for review and games can also be laminated and kept
on a ring. A handy review for students to keep in their pockets.
(Photo: Sylvia Thiessen)

When Should I Introduce Workplace Safety in the Class?

This material will be useful with learners who are currently working or are actively looking
for work. Use only materials that are relevant to the learners personal interest. For example,
some personal protective equipment is used only in a manufacturing site, while other
hazards only occur when handling food.

The safety theme allows you to expand on the generic EAL materials and put the
language into a meaningful context.

Generic vocabulary Workplace vocabulary

clothing dressing for work
parts of the body personal protective equipment
household appliances power tools and other machines
household hazards workplace hazards
civil rights rights and responsibilities

Even a little familiarity with the safety topics and vocabulary goes a long way to ensure
that new workers fit in more quickly.

Is the Material Relevant to the Class?

Introduce workplace themes through pictures and posters. You can gauge their relevance
to the learners their response to visual representations of the workplace.

See 1.2 Introduction: Classroom Activities section for ideas about how to measure the
relevance of workplace material to your class.

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How to Navigate the Kit
Download the contents of the Resource Manual onto your hard drive. You might name your
file Workplace Health and Safety for CLB 1-3.

A convenient way to find the visuals you want is to zoom the page size to 25%. This allows
you to view many pages at a time.

1.1 Background Information

Why is safety training important to newcomers?
1. It will probably be, and should be, the first training they receive on the job.
2. An overwhelming amount of information will be given in their first week at work. Even a
small amount of language and familiarity with the topic will help the new worker focus
on training.
3. Many newcomers are working at survival jobs that are not familiar to them, and this puts
them more at risk. Even well educated immigrant professionals may take jobs in fast
food restaurants or light industry.
4. Jobs that are available to candidates with low language skills may be dangerous jobs.
5. Themes of safety in the home and at work are similarbut the risk is higher at work.
Larger, more powerful machinery
Concentrated chemicals
Busy, often cluttered environment
Stress resulting from the demand for speed and production
High voltage electrical installations
6. Knowledge of WHMIS (Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System) is a
requirement for many jobsnot just manufacturing.
7. Immigrants are more at risk of injury than other workers.

Canadian workplaces take every precaution to ensure that their workers have a safe
environment. However, the site situations can change and hazards can appear. Workers
need to be trained to spot hazards and either resolve the problem or report the hazard.

As an EAL instructor, you are not aware of all the hazards that can occur in different
workplaces, but you can introduce your students to some of the most typical workplace
situations.

Cultural taboos
There are some cultural taboos surrounding the way safety is discussed. In some cultures it is
considered bad luck to talk about injuries. As a result, workers may tend to ignore important
advice. Learners need to be aware that the aim of Safety Training is to prevent injuries from
happening.

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Rules and regulations about dress may be perceived as discrimination if they are not fully
explained. For example, there is an ongoing dispute about turbans vs. hard hats in the
construction industry. (See section on Dressing for Work in Module 5.)

1. 2 Classroom Activities
Activity 1.2.1: What is relevant to your students?
1. Put posters around the room representing people at work. Use magazine cuttings,
internet images, or go to the Visuals section of this Module for pictures. Encourage students
to walk around looking at the pictures and talking about their plans. Ask students to choose
jobs that they might be interested in. Make a list on the board. From this list determine
which sectors are relevant to the group and focus your workplace training on that sector.

Another approach is to prepare a collection of workplace photos on 3 x 5 inch cards.

Some cards may be repeated. Place the cards face up on a table and ask learners to
choose the card/s that interest them most. Remove the cards and exercises that have no
relevance to your students experience.

Checklist: Are the learners ready to focus on workplace themes?

Are they eager to talk about jobs they are doing, have done in the past, or may do in
the future?

Did they ask questions about employment opportunities?

Were they interested in learning more vocabulary about certain jobs?

Do they talk about friends or family members who have jobs?

Did they want information about jobs that were not represented in the pictures?

If interest is strong, encourage learners to learn basic words about their jobs and the jobs
of their family and friends. There is no particular emphasis on grammar but each learner
should be able to make a few sentences about their own situation.

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Where do you work? What do you do?

Factory Im a polisher. I polish furniture.
Restaurant My wife is a cook. She prepares fast food.
Cleaning company Im going to be a cleaner. I will clean office blocks.
Construction Im a painter. I paint houses.
Farm I want to be a farm worker. I like cattle.

Look for more photos and drawings that represent your learners interests as closely as
possible. The photos in the Visuals Collections 1.4 On the Job come from this website:

Career Destinations
www.careerdestination.ca
The site contains many more photos of immigrants at work in Manitoba.

More photos, found in the section Dressed for Work come from MS Office or Google Clipart
which are good sources of graphics. Other internet photo collections, such as Flickr, can
also provide good workplace visuals.

1.3 Visuals
1.3.1 People at work
Copy and enlarge these visuals to make a photo display, or reduce them to make flash
cards or game cards.

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Fast Food Photo from Health and Safety 101, Workplace Safety and Insurance Board, Ontario

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1.3.2 Dressed for work

Photos from Microsoft Office clipart

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 module 2
basic vocabulary for Health and safety

Workplace Safety and Health in Basic Language I 15

Module 2: Basic Vocabulary for
health and Safety

Objectives
To introduce some basic terms that will be used in the following modules.
Vocabulary includes results of incidents: injury, illness, loss, death, damage
Types of incidents: falls, burns, cuts, poisoning, etc.
To make learners familiar with the most common danger signs danger, caution and
warning.

2.1 Background Information

In most workplace environments, a colour code is used which may differ from site to site.
Generally red is used to show danger while yellow and orange mean caution. Green and
blue often indicate service areas such as first aid. Workplace Safety and Health refer to
dangers as hazards and accidents are called incidents.

Students must be aware of the crossed circle in red which indicates NO, not allowed,
prohibited.

2.2 Suggested Classroom Activities

2.2.1 Reading Danger Signs
Collect danger signs and stickers from the environment (school or workplace). Ask your
Health and Safety representative for copies or photograph the signs with a digital camera.
Some frequent examples are re-produced here. Draw attention to the colours (red, orange
and yellow) and the symbols that indicate warnings.

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2.2.2 Activities Introducing Basic Safety Vocabulary
Some suggestions for using graphics to introduce vocabulary:

Introduce some of the basic vocabulary about incidents, hazards and injuries by using the
posters Results of Incidents and the cards Workplace Injuries. Delete or cover the captions
to find out what words the learners already know or to review the vocabulary.

Hear the words:

Call out the new vocabulary and have learners point to the poster or mark the
corresponding picture on their worksheet.

Read the words:

Put the pictures up on the wall and hand out cards with the names of incidents. Have
learners circulate and stick the cards below the corresponding types of incidents.

Use the words:

Ask learners if they can match the incidents with different jobs.

Handout: To review, cut out the pictures and have learners match them with the
headings on the blank spaces on the page.

2.2.3 Workplace Injuries (Dialogues)

Using the injuries flashcards, introduce and discuss different types of injuries and where they
might occur.

Make dialogues like the following:

Worker 1: Marco was injured!

Worker 2: What happened?
Worker 1: He broke his leg. (cut his hand)
Worker 2: Oh! Thats terrible! (Thats too bad!)

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2.3 Handouts
Activity 2.3.1: Danger signs

Visuals from Microsoft Clipart

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Incidents can cause...

Damage Injury

Illness Loss of Income

Loss of Time Death

Visuals from Microsoft Clipart

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Incidents can cause...
Put the right picture in the space.
Damage Injury

Illness Loss of Income

Loss of Time Death

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Cards for 2.2.3: Types of Incidents

Slips Hits

Burns Falls

Cuts Poisoning

Visuals from Microsoft Clipart

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Workplace Injuries Flashcards 2.2.4

Sprains Broken Bones

Cuts Backache

Burns Repetitive Strain

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 module 3
watching for hazards

Workplace Safety and Health in Basic Language I 23

Module 3: Watching for Hazards
Outcomes
Module 3 contains visual aids to help students understand and talk about workplace
hazards. Structures using might and could will be a good fit for this module. Learners will
identify common hazards.

Vocabulary: hurt, be hit, cut, burn, slip, trip, broken, fall. Also, cord, hole, walkway, step,
material, equipment.

3.1 Background Information

One of the most important aspects of Safety Training is teaching workers to spot hazards
and know what to do about them. Most of us are not aware of all the hazards that are
present in the workplace.

Module 3 contains a Photo Gallery to help stimulate conversation about working safely.
The optional Extra Activity opens up a discussion of Machines with Moving Parts. Hazardous
Materials will be dealt with in Module 4 and Ergonomics in Module 6.

The most common incidents are preventable. The objective of this lesson will be to identify
some of the most typical hazards and to develop essential vocabulary for working safely.

3. 2 Classroom Activities
Activity 3.2.1: Hazards, things that can hurt you
Choose from the Hazards flash cards to introduce some vocabulary about typical
workplace Hazards. Discuss which hazards are associated with different jobs, particularly
those of interest to your students.

In Module 6, you will find more information about hazards specific to Light Industry.

Handouts 1 and 2: Smaller versions of the Hazards flash cards with some additional
vocabulary. Cut out and use small cards for review or to play matching games.

Options: Give each student a set of hazard cards. Have them write the name of the hazard
on the back of each card and keep the cards in their pocket for review at any time.
Have learners match the hazards with the illnesses and injuries sheets. Ask them to make
sentences like this: Machines can cause broken bones.

24
Match the hazard cards with jobs. Have learners make sentences like: Construction workers
must be careful of the cold.

Activity 3.2.2: Slips and trips

Intro: Create a slipping/tripping hazard by tossing a banana peel on the floor or leaving
a cord across an aisle. Ask students to explain why this is not safe. Elicit any words already
known about falls, slips and trips. Use the poster Slips and Trips to expand the vocabulary.

Brainstorm about jobs where slips and trips are frequent. Are slips and trips usually serious?
What is usually the result? Injury? Death? Loss of time at work?

Causes of Slips and Trips. Elicit words like ice, wet floor, cord, stairs, messy work area. Show
the photos in the Module 3 Photo Gallery to discuss falls and falling objects.

Activity 3.2.3: Reporting a hazard (role play)

Using Handout 3, make sentences about the possible danger.

Someone could fall.

Someone could trip.
Someone could slip.

Make sentences about the hazard.

There is a hole in the floor.

There is a cord across the walkway.
There is ice on the step.
There is a broken step.

Role play reporting a hazard to the supervisor.

Activity 3.2.4: A personal hazard story

Write about, or draw a picture to represent your experience of these hazards.

Activity 3.2.5: Machines with moving parts

Open up discussion about how incidents can happen while working around moving
machines and machines with moving parts. Use the Moving Parts poster to stimulate the
discussion and allow for lots of gestures and sound effects to get the message across.

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Some ethnic groups do not like to talk about incidents but, generally, they will be happy to
tell stories about workplace incidents they have known.

If your learners work with heavy machinery, find out which vocabulary is relevant:

NOUNS VERBS
conveyor catch
assembly line trap
vehicle pull in
roller crush
blade hit
cutter break (bones)
needle cut
arm (of a machine) cut off (a finger)
gear run over
drill grinder

If individual students are interested in particular kinds of machines, try to find copies of
pictures, or ask the learner to provide pictures and help them label the main parts.

3.3 Hazard Handouts

Handout for Activity 3.2.1: Hazards, small cards
Cut out and use small cards for review or to play matching games.

Give each student a set of hazard cards. Have them write the name of the hazard on the
back of each card and keep the cards in their pocket for review at any time.

Have learners match the hazards with the illnesses and injuries sheets. Ask them to make
sentences like this one: Machines can cause broken bones.

Have learners match the hazard cards with jobs. Have them make sentences like:
Construction workers must be careful of the cold.

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 Visuals from Microsoft Clipart and Live Safe Work Smart

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Handout for Activity 3.2.2: Match the danger with the danger sign

watch for forklifts

machinery with moving parts

icy walkway

falling objects

high voltage electricity

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Handout for Activity 3.2.3: Identifying fall hazards
Match the sentences below to the pictures. Role play reporting a hazard.

1 2

Visuals from Microsoft Clipart

3 4

There is a hole in the floor. Someone could fall. ____________

The floor is wet (icy). Someone could slip. ____________

There is a cord across the walkway. Someone could trip. ____________

The step is broken. Someone could fall. ____________

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Exercise for Activity 3.2.4: Slips and trips
Choose a title for each picture on the poster.

Tape cords to the floor! Do not run on the stairs!

Close drawers after you use them! Keep floors clean!

Careful! Icy walkway! Watch your step!

Visuals from Microsoft Clipart and Live Safe! Work Smart!

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3.2.5 A Personal Hazard Story
Write or draw a picture to represent your experience of these hazards.

Broken equipment

Fire

Noise

Machines

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Machines with Moving Parts

Visuals from Microsoft Clipart

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3.4 Hazards Visuals
3.4.1 Hazards Flash Cards

Machines Broken equipment

Fire Noise

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 Cold Heavy lifting

Electricity Toxic materials

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 Germs Repeated movements

Awkward lifting

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3.4.2 Workplace Injuries

Sprains Broken Bones

Cuts Backache

Burns Repetitive Strain

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3.4.3 Effects of Hazardous Materials
These symptoms sometimes indicate the presence of hazardous materials.

headache vomiting

dizziness rash

cough sore eyes

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3.4.4 Photo Collection

Wet slippery floor Old, Broken or Unguarded Equipment

Messy work area Extreme heat Ladders and Conveyors

Visuals from Microsoft Clipart

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 Pinch point Overhead hazard danger of falling material

Apron caught in mixer with Forklifts passing

no guarding

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 Assembly Line Heavy machinery

Lifting and carrying Flying sparks and particles

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 module 4
Hazardous Materials and whmis

Workplace Safety and Health in Basic Language I 41

Module 4: Hazardous Materials
and WHMIS
Objectives
To familiarize learners with the most common WHMIS symbols, with the hazards they
represent and the ways they can protect themselves.
Vocabulary: WHMIS, MSDS. Learners may not need to know the names of the different
categories as long as they associate the symbols with the concepts they represent.

4.1 Background Information

A knowledge of WHMIS (Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System) is mandatory
in many workplaces. Although it seems complicated because of the new terminology, the
basic concepts are simple.

The video training program The Winning Label is a cartoon version of the WHMIS training
which needs no knowledge of English to be understood. It is recommended for all EAL
learners. However it is also important for newcomers to become familiar with the language
used on the labels and in the regular workplace training.

Another good source of visual material for low level learners is Live Safe! Work Smart!
Resources for teachers of students with special learning needs. (See Resources Section for
details).

The WHMIS System has 4 Components

1. A set of symbols that are used on labels identifying hazardous materials.

42
2. MSDS sheets (Materials Safety Data System), usually stored
in a binder in an accessible place in the workplace. These
sheets give exhaustive information on each hazardous
material, how to guard against mishaps and what to do in
case of contamination. For our purposes, it is enough for
learners to know that the sheets exist.

3. PPE (Personal Protection Equipment) must be available for

all personnel handling dangerous goods. The equipment
must be in good condition, must fit well and the workers
must know how to use and take care of it.

4. On-site Training for all employees is also an essential

part of the system.

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What are the WHMIS symbols?

Class A - Compressed Gas Contents under high pressure. Cylinder

may explode or burst when heated,
dropped or damaged.

Class B - Flammable and May catch fire when exposed to heat,

Combustible Material spark or flame. May burst into flames.

Class C - Oxidizing Material May cause fire or explosion when

in contact with wood, fuels or other
combustible material.

Class D, Division 1 - Poisonous substance. A single exposure

Poisonous and Infectious may be fatal or cause serious or
Material: Immediate and permanent damage to health.
serious toxic effects
Class D, Division 2 - Poisonous substance. May cause
Poisonous and Infectious irritation. Repeated exposure may
Material: Other toxic effects cause cancer, birth defects, or other
permanent damage.
Class D, Division 3 - Poisonous May cause disease or serious illness.
and Infectious Material: Drastic exposures may result in death.
Biohazardous infectious
materials
Class E - Corrosive Material Can cause burns to eyes, skin or
respiratory system.

Class F - Dangerously May react violently causing explosion,

Reactive Material fire or release of toxic gases, when
exposed to light, heat, vibration or
extreme temperatures.

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4.2 Classroom Activities
Activity 4.2.1: Making Hazardous Materials posters
Ask some general questions to find out what your students already know about WHMIS.
Put up four or five WHMIS symbols on the board or post them around the room. Start with
only a few of the most common symbols. Elicit words about the dangers posed by these
materials. Use the Hazardous Materials visuals to clarify. (See WHMIS symbols posters and
cards at 4.3 Visuals.)

Pin or stick appropriate pictures around each symbol.

Elicit the phrases:

Can burn
Can explode
Can make you very sick
Can burn your skin and eyes
Will make you sick over time

Have learners add these phrases alongside the symbols and the photos. Over the next
few days have learners accumulate information and examples of each of the hazardous
materials and group them around the symbols. Include recent news items about accidents,
photos, drawings, personal histories, etc. The aim is to create strong visual and anecdotal
associations with each symbol. Gradually build vocabulary around the illustrations.

At some point, add the category names of the different groups of substances (Corrosive,
Toxic, etc) as a title to the poster.

As the group learns more about handling hazardous materials, encourage them to add
new illustrations, for example, examples of hazardous materials, parts of the body affected,
PPE, emergency measures, case histories, etc.

Use masking tape or glue sticks that allow you to peel and re-stick. This will make the
creation of the final poster easier.

Create a Poster
Students use the information and images they have gathered or drawn to design a poster
for each symbol. See sample photo below.

45
 Class of Lisa Petit

Encourage students to look for symbols on cleaning products, paints, chemicals used at
work, etc.

46
Option: Ask students to write as many materials as they can think of in each category.
Allow the use of dictionaries. Ideally, the group will have experience from many
workplaces. Be sure they include common items such as bleach and gasoline.

Be sure the distinction is clear between the immediate and possible lethal effects of poison
and the possible long term effects of toxic materials.

Activity 4.2.2: How poison enters your body

Use Poster 4 Ways of Entry into the Body to discuss how toxic materials enter your body.
Emphasize the fact that these materials can enter the body in many ways, not only through
your mouth.

Continue to add graphics and messages to the WHMIS posters throughout the rest of the
Module. The following activities deal with how you can protect yourself when dealing with
toxic materials.

Activity 4.2.3: Feeling ill

Use Poster Feeling Ill to review illness and to describe the effects toxic materials can have.
Use words like sore eyes, cough, nausea, dizziness, rash, (chemical) burn. See if students
can match these symptoms with some of the chemicals they identified in Activity 2 (above).

Students may add the illness pictures to the WHMIS posters (Activity 1).

Activity 4.2.4: Personal Protective Equipment for Hazardous Materials

Use posters from Module 5.3 PPE and cards from 4.3 Personal Protection.

Pin up some pictures of PPE and ask students what part of the body each piece of
equipment protects. Practice the names of the equipment aloud and use the matching
cards to practice reading and saying the names. Play games that require learners to lay
the three cards together. Have them make sentences like the examples below.

protect
safety glasses
your eyes

Use safety glasses to protect your eyes!

47
Activity 4.2.5: Reading a WHMIS label
Show the hazardous materials symbols on household products. Show how they are similar
to Workplace labels. In the workplace the labels are necessary. Products must have a
label.

On the overhead, show a slide of the label. Show the information included on the label.

Emphasize the key words:

The label has a dangerous material symbol

Tells you the name of the material
Why the material is dangerous
What to do in an emergency

Distribute Handout 4.2.5 WHMIS Label. Ask learners to identify (circle) these parts of the label:

Name of the Material

WHMIS symbol
Why the material is dangerous
How to protect yourself
What to do in an emergency

48
Activity 4.2.6: Talking about toxic effects
Use the poster Feeling Ill to practice and review talking about toxic effects.

Create situations for role play similar to the following:

Supervisor: Are you OK?

Jim: This product makes me dizzy!
Supervisor: Lets open the window. We need ventilation.
Jim: Whew! Thats better!
Supervisor: See the label? It says use in a ventilated area.

Margie: Your eyes are red!

Wong: Yeah! Theyre sore.
Margie: Look at the label. This product is corrosive.
Wong: What should I do?
Margie: Go to the eyewash station and wash your eyes with lots of water.

Activity 4.2.7: Listening to a WHMIS story
*The idea for this exercise comes from the Picture Process Dictionary which contains many
good picture stories from the workplace. See details in the Resources Section.

Text of the story (simplified from the original):

1. Amy sees the WHMIS label.

2. She reads the MSDS sheet.
3. She opens the window to ventilate the room.
4. She puts on her PPE.
5. The chemicals make Amys eyes water.
6. Amy washes her eyes.
7. She has a rash on her skin.
8. She washes her hands and arms well.

Use the Listening Activity flash cards or handouts to help students understand the listening
text. Use any of the following activities:

Pin up the flash cards and have students identify which picture you are talking about.
Cut out and jumble the pictures from the handout and have students put them in order
as they listen.
Supply the captions in writing and ask students to match the captions to the pictures.
Practice the sentences aloud and have learners choose a picture to talk about.

49
4.3 Handouts
Handout for Activity 4.2.3: Feeling ill
What hazardous material might have caused each of these symptoms?

headache vomiting

dizziness rash

cough sore eyes

50
Handout for Activity 4.2.7: A WHMIS Story

1 2

3 4

5 6

7 8

51
Listening ExerciseA WHMIS story

Listening Exercise
Your teacher will describe one of the pictures. Write the number of the picture in the space.

For example, your teacher says: The chemicals make Amys eyes water.

Picture number 5 shows Amys eyes watering. Write 5 in the space.

5
1. Picture number _________ 5. Picture number _________

2. Picture number _________ 6. Picture number _________

3. Picture number _________ 7. Picture number _________

4. Picture number _________ 8. Picture number _________

Teachers script:
1. The chemicals make Amys eyes water......................................5
2. Amy washes her eyes...................................................................6
3. Amy reads the MSDS sheet..........................................................2
4. She sees a rash on her skin...........................................................7
5. Amy sees the WHMIS label...........................................................1
6. She washes her hands well..........................................................8
7. She puts on her personal protective equipment.......................4
8. She opens the window to ventilate the room...........................3

Speaking Exercise
Cut out and distribute pictures. Have students retell the story by making sentences about
each one of the pictures. Start with Number 1.

Retell the story in the past tense.

52
Handout for Activity 4.2.5: Reading a WHMIS label

Find and circle these parts of the label:

1. Name of the Material

2. WHMIS symbol

3. Why the material is dangerous

4. How to protect yourself

5. What to do in an emergency

53
4.4 Visuals for Hazardous Materials and WHMIS
WHMIS Symbols

54
55
56
57
58
 Can burn

Can explode

Can make you very sick

Can burn your skin and eyes

Will make you sick over time

BiohazardWill make you sick

59
4 Ways into the Body

From Live Safe! Work Smart! C Queens Printer for Ontario 20, reproduced with Permission

60
Ways of Entry into the Body

through the eyes through the lungs

through the skin through the mouth

through the nose

Gail Foote-Leylek

61
Personal Protective Equipment for Hazardous Materials

safety glasses protect your eyes

goggles protect your eyes

dust mask protect your lungs

work gloves protect your hands

Visuals from Microsoft Office Clipart

62
63
module 5
working safely

Workplace Safety and Health in Basic Language I 64

Module 5: Working Safely
Outcomes
Appropriate dress in the workplace. Vocabulary: loose, tight, fastened, long, tread, zip up,
laces, appropriate, allowed, required.
PPE: Personal Protective Equipment. Names of most common personal safety
Equipment particularly that used in light industry.
Guarding machines. (Optional) exploration of different kinds of machines and the names
of some moving parts.

5.1 Background Information

Advice about dressing appropriately for work is often directed at teenagers who tend to
be more concerned about their image than they are about safety.

Newcomers sometimes are concerned about preserving their ethnic dress and must be
informed about safety issues and laws, particularly those surrounding entanglement, the
risk of getting clothing pulled into moving machine parts. Sometimes a compromise has
to be worked out which allows newcomers to keep parts of their native look while working
safely. Legislation is on-going over the use of hard hats vs. turbans on construction sites.

A wide range of PPE (Personal Protective Equipment) is represented in the posters. Choose
only the ones that are most relevant to the experience of your learners.

5.2 Classroom Activities

Activity 5.2.1: Dressing for safety
Discussion: Look at the posters from Introduction: Ready for Work. Discuss the following:

What clothes are these workers wearing?

What kind of shoes do they wear? Why?
Are they wearing loose clothes?
Are the clothes comfortable?

Read Handout Dress Regulations and ask learners to circle any unknown words. Discuss the
possible meanings of these words given the context.

Using the 5.3.1 Dress for Safety Cards, to practice reading and talking about safety requirements.

65
Suggested activities:

Cut out and laminate the cards and distribute a set to each table. Have learners match
the text cards to the pictures.
Provide a large, red marker) to each table. Use dry erase so that it cleans off the plastic
laminate easily, not a highlighter which wont write on plastic. Ask learners to mark the
unsuitable pictures with a forbidden sign; large red circle and diagonal slash.

Ask learners to present pairs of pictures and explain which clothing is appropriate and why.

Activity 5.2.2: Ethnic Dress

Discussion:
Show some photos of people in Ethnic dress and talk about how people dress for work
in the learners homelands. Discuss how some ethnic clothing is not suitable on the job,
particularly in light industry. For example:
Sariloose clothing can easily get caught in the moving parts of machines.
Sandalsin the workplace, there are often hazards on the floor or falling objects that
could hurt your feet.
Head scarfhas loose trailing ends. A cap or hairnet is safer.

Reading:
Handout 5.3.2: Distribute reading selections handout to small groups. Ask them to discuss
how the supervisor might deal with the situation. Have each group report back.

Listening:
Handout 5.3.2: Play the role of Safety and Health Representative talking to each of the
characters. Repeat as often as needed and encourage questions. Use the illustrations to
help comprehension.

Advise new workers to talk about their clothing preferences with their supervisor or
manager. Usually they will be able to find a safe way to wear what is comfortable for them.

66
Activity 5.2.3: Body Parts and Injuries
Handout 5.3.3 Brainstorm with your students to review the parts of the body. Have students
write as many names of body parts as they can remember on the board. Have students
label the Body Parts Handout to practice and consolidate the vocabulary.

Hand
Back
Head
Feet
Lungs
Mouth
Nose
Eyes
Ears
Shoulder

If learners dont know the name of a body part, encourage them to point to the part and
ask questions.

What is this?
What do you call this?
What is the name of this part?

Injury Statistics Activity

People often get hurt at work. What part of the body do you think is injured most often?
Ask learners to put a red spot on 3 body parts (Body Parts Handout) that they think are hurt
most often at work.

When the students have marked the sheet, distribute Handout: Injury Statistics in Manitoba.
On one clean copy of the body, have students mark the most common injuries and post
the page in the classroom.

Note that Multiple injuries include many back injuries and that back injuries are the most
common over all. The statistics come from the Workers Compensation Board of Manitoba
therefore they only reflect reported injuries.

67
Activity 5.2.4: Personal Protective Equipment
PPE posters can be printed with or without the captions at the bottom. Place Posters
around the room. With very low levels, use no more than 5 posters.

Ask learners, How do we protect our (.hands.)?

Allow time for them to indicate the appropriate poster, then attach the vocabulary cards
with bluetac and practice pronouncing the word (.gloves.).

Take down the vocabulary cards and hand them out to the learners. Ask them to re-attach
the right word to each poster.

Activity 5.2.5: Card Games

The PPE matching cards can be used in many ways. Cut up the cards in Handout 5 and
have students match them or use them in games.

You might have them make three columns on a page and paste the pictures and words in
two columns. In the third they can write in the parts of the body that are protected by this
device. Using the completed page for cues, they can make sentences about the PPE. For
example:

gloves hands

Sentences: Gloves protect our hands. Or We should wear gloves to protect our hands.

Activity 5.2.6: Fire Safety

Introduce the fire safety devices and equipment in your building. If learners are familiar
with the names of the devices, have them do a treasure hunt, checking off the items on
their list.

See the Visuals file for cards showing Fire Safety Equipment or have the students use a
digital camera to make their own collection.

68
Review and practice vocabulary by playing card games with the picture cards. Note: fire
safety pictures are on page 103, 5.4.4, 5.2.3.

Role play asking questions about equipment. For example:

A. Where is the fire extinguisher?

B. Its near the stairs.
A. What does it look like?
B. Heres a picture of it.

Activity 5.2.7: Using a Fire Extinguisher

Take the class to look at the fire extinguishers in your location. Where possible, read the
instructions. Try using a digital camera to get a copy of the instructions that you can use in
class.

Learn how to use a fire extinguisher following the PASS words. (See handout 5.2.7)
Vocabulary: pull pin, aim, squeeze, release, sweep, foam.

Activity 5.2.8: Use Machines with Care

Review Machines with moving parts
1. Discussion: How should you dress if you work around machines with moving parts?
(Hair tied back, hat or scarf or hairnet if needed. No loose sleeves or shirttails. No long
nails or jewelry. Work boots, coveralls, gloves etc as needed.)

2. Discussion: Many incidents occur during cleaning or maintenance. Why?

Worker forgets to switch off the machine and take proper precautions to see that the
machine cannot start operating while he is handling the parts. Explain Locking out, the
precaution of putting locks and tags on machines that are undergoing repair to ensure
that the machine cannot accidentally start up while cleaning or maintenance are in
progress. See Visual, Locking Out.

3. Show the Poster: Machine Guards.

4. Show pictures from the Hazard Alert graphics and help the learners write sentences
about the incidents that happened. Hazard Alerts are found at the SafeWork BC site.
Actual incidents are described and represented graphically.

69
5.3 Handouts
Note: Handouts are numbered to match the suggested activities in 5.2. Larger pictures and
coloured cards are found in the 5.4 Working Safely Visuals File.

Handout for Activity 5.2.1: Dress Regulations for Packing Floor

------------------Food Processing------------------

No loose clothing.
Shirts must be tucked in and zippers closed.

No scarves or loose strings.

No loose, baggy sleeves or loose fingered gloves.

Hair nets must be worn or hair must be tied back.

No jewelry allowed. No watches or wedding rings.

Work boots or flat, laced shoes required.

No sandals or high heels.

No nail polish.
See Dress for Safety Cards in Visuals

70
Handout for 5.2.2: Ethnic Dress and Safety (Reading)
Read the story and decide why the employer does not want the worker to wear the
clothing they like.

Case 1: Rupinder works for a caterer. She makes bread. The boss tells
Rupinder not to wear her sari to work. He tells her to wear pants and a
short smock. Rupinder does not like to wear pants. She is angry.

Case 2: Jamal wears a turban all the time. He wants to work for a
construction company. The boss tells him he cannot wear the turban on
the construction site. Jamal thinks he will have to quit his job.

Case 3: Misha is training to work in a food processing plant. Misha likes

to wear high heeled sandals to work. The sandals make her look tall and
feminine. The instructor tells Misha not to wear sandals to work. Misha
thinks that the instructor is jealous of her.

Case 4: David operates a drill. David has a lot of jewelry from his home
country. In his country jewelry is a sign of social status. When he wears it
to work the boss asks him to take it off. Jamal is offended.

Case 5: Kalima is training to be a health care aide. Kalima has long

beautiful hair. The instructor tells Kalima that she must tie her hair up or
wear a hair net. Kalima comes to work the next day with her hair loose.

71
Listening text for 5.2.2
Remember to choose only the texts that are most relevant to your learners.

Instructions: Listen to the Health and Safety Representative speaking to each of these
workers. Ask your instructor to repeat as often as you need. When you have listened to the
text, answer your teachers questions and discuss what the worker should do.

Case 1: Good morning Rupinder. I

wanted you to come into the kitchen
today. I want to show you the machines
you will be working with. This is the
mixer. You can see it is very big. These
machines are very strong. If your sleeves
are caught in the mixer, it will pull your
arm in very quickly. You can break your
arm in a moment. You must not wear
anything loose that can get caught. All
your clothes must fit tightly. Your sari is too
dangerous. Maybe you could wear a
smock and a tight fitting skirt.

(See Hazard Alerts at WorkSafeBC for the story

behind the incident in the picture)

72
Case 2: Jamal, I have to talk to you for a moment. I see
that you are not wearing your hard hat. Its very important
for everyone to wear it all the time when you work here.
Sometimes things fall from the building and they can be
dangerous. This construction company is responsible for the
safety of the workers. I know that your turban is important to
you, but it is more important to work safely. Im sorry, but if you
dont wear a hard hat, you cant work here.

Case 3: So, Misha, you are ready to start work at

the food processing plant tomorrow. I want to take
you to visit the floor where you will be working. It
is a bit cold in here, so you need to dress warmly.
You can see that the floor is slippery because of
water and food scraps. These workers stand for
long hours at their workstations. For tomorrow buy
some work shoes with a good tread.

Workplace Safety and Health Manitoba

Case 4: David, Im concerned about the jewelry you are wearing. Its very dangerous
to work around machines when you are wearing rings or chains. If anything metal gets
caught in the machine it can cut you badly. It can even cut your finger right off. You
can leave your jewelry in your locker, if you want. But really, it would be safer to leave
everything at home, even your watch and wedding ring.

Case 5: Hello Kalima! You supervisor tells me that you are having a problem with the hair
net. Everyone on this floor has to tie up their hair. Let me explain why we have this rule. The
patients can catch diseases from the germs we carry on our hands and bodies. Thousands
of bacteria can hang on to just one hair or to our hands. Thats why we have to wear
rubber gloves and hair nets at all times. Its the rule for everyone.

73
Handout for Activity 5.2.3: Body Parts and Injuries

Which parts of the body do you think is injured most often? Mark 3 parts with a red dot.

74
Most Frequent Injuries Reported in Manitoba in 2007

Part of Body Injured Year of Injury or Illness

2007
Hand/fingers 7159
Multiple* 6277
Lower Back 5045
Lower Leg 3395
Lower Arm 2774
Eyes 2568
Shoulder 1573
Foot/toes 1153
Head 746
Hearing 742

Taken from Manitoba Workplace Injury and Illness Statistics 2000 2007

Multiple means more than one injury. Many multiple injuries include back injuries. In fact
back injuries are the most frequent.

75
Handout for Activity 5.2.4: What PPE are these workers wearing?

1. _________________________________

2. _________________________________

3. _________________________________

4. _________________________________

5. _________________________________

6. _________________________________

7. _________________________________

safety glasses hard hat gloves ear plugs hair net work boots mask

Visuals from Safety and Health Manitoba and MS Clip Art

76
5.2.4 Review: Personal Protective Equipment

1. protect my ________________________ loud noise.

2. protect my ________________________ from chemicals, dust and flying things.

3. protect my ________________________ from loud noise.

4. protect my ________________________ from chemicals, dust and flying things.

5. protects my _______________________ from flying things.

6. protects my _______________________ from fumes.

7. protect my ________________________ from cuts.

8. protects my _______________________ from chemicals or food.

9. protect my ________________________ from heavy weight.

10. keeps my __________________________ from going into the machine or into the food.

11. protects my _______________________ from dust.

12. protects my _______________________ from falling things.

From Work Start

77
Handout for Activity 5.2.6: Fire Safety
Be sure you know where you can find safety equipment. Can you find these safety devices
in your building?

1. Eyewash Station ___________ 7. First Aid Kit ___________

2. Emergency exit signs ___________ 8. Guardrail on stairs ___________

3. Emergency lighting ___________ 9. Heat detector ___________

4. Fire Alarm ___________ 10. Security System ___________

5. Fire extinguisher ___________ 11. Smoke detector ___________

6. Fire Pull Station ___________ 12. Sprinkler ___________

Handout for Activity 5.2.7: Using a Fire Extinguisher

Use a fire extinguisher if the fire is small and not dangerous.

Remember the word: P A S S

Pull the Pin at the top of the extinguisher. When you pull the pin you can
use the extinguisher.

Aim at the bottom of the fire, not at the flames. Stand several feet away to
do this. Do not get too close to the fire.

Squeeze the lever slowly. Foam will come out of the extinguisher. When you
release the handle, the foam will stop coming out.

Sweep from side to side. Using a sweeping motion, move the fire
extinguisher back and forth until the fire is completely out.

From Work Start, L.R. Visuals from www.cbfiredept.com

78
5.4 Working Safely Visuals
Personal Protective Equipment

Ear plugs
Ear muffs
Safety shoes (Showing tread)
Work boots
Goggles
Safety glasses
Face shield
Mask
Respirator
Apron
Coveralls
Goggles
Gloves

(Note: Choose only the pictures that are relevant to your students experience and interest.)

5.4.1 Dress for safety cards

79
80
81
 Do not let your
Do not wear
shirt hang out
loose strings
of your pants

Do not wear
Do not wear sleeves that
loose scarves are baggy or
loose

82
Do not wear
Do not wear
unzipped
long hair loose
clothing

Do not wear Do not wear

jewellery a watch

83
 Do not wear
your wedding
ring

84
85
86
5.4.2 PPE posters

ear muffs

87
ear plugs

88
safety shoes

89
work boots

90
goggles

91
ear plugs

92
face shield

93
mask

94
respirator

95
apron

96
coveralls

97
goggles

98
gloves

99
5.4.3 Card games with PPE

gloves hands

earmuffs ears

earplugs ears

safety shoes feet

100
work boots feet

goggles eyes

face shield face

mask nose and mouth

101
 nose, throat
respirator
and lungs

apron skin and clothes

coveralls skin

safety glasses eyes

102
rubber gloves hands

rubber apron clothes and body

103
5.4.4 Fire Safety

104
5.4.5 Machine Guarding poster

without guard with guard

belt with guard

saw blade with guard

105
5.4.6 Hazard Alert posters

No guard on the slicer.

Blade continued to turn and cut the workers hand.
Hazard Alert, WorkSafeBC

Worker was repairing the machine and the machine started up suddenly.
The machine should be switched off and locked out before doing repairs.
Hazard Alert, WorkSafeBC

106
 Not using proper equipment.
Should use a proper ladder.
Hazard Alert, WorkSafeBC

Not taking care with hazardous material.

Compressed gas explodes when cylinder is dropped.
Hazard Alert, WorkSafeBC

107
 Wearing loose clothing.
Sleeve caught in mixer and broke workers arm.
Hazard Alert, WorkSafeBC

Worker crushed by forklift.

Hazard Alert, WorkSafeBC

108
 module 6
safety in light industry

Workplace Safety and Health in Basic Language I 109

Module 6: Safety in Light Industry
Objectives
In this unit we will look at some hazards that are common in light industry but often apply to
other sectors.

The exercises on giving instructions for proper lifting will go well with teaching imperatives
(Dos and Donts). The module includes two listening exercises, one on warning posters
and another on workplace housekeepingkeeping your work station tidy. Finally, learners
practice reporting a hazard to their supervisor and writing a simple incident report.

6.1 Background Information

The language needed in each industrial setting will be different. However there are a few
topics that are universal.

Be sure to see Modules 3 to 4 for information on WHMIS (Workplace Hazardous Materials

Information System), Machine Guarding and the importance of maintaining a tidy
workplace. All three are very relevant to industry.

Topics in this sector include proper lifting and carrying, reporting a hazard and writing an
incident report.

The module contains Warning Symbols posters provided by the Canadian Manufacturers
and Exporters, Manitoba Division. These symbols are typically used as reminders to workers
in different industrial settings.

The photo collection comes from Microsoft Clipart and from SAFE Work Manitoba. The
Ergonomic posters come from CCOHS and from Live Safe! Work Smart! The exercise Ending
the Workday comes from Everyday Activities, Picture Process Dictionary. The Exercise, A
Healthy Workplace, comes from Key Vocabulary for a Safe Workplace. See the Resources
Section for details.

110
6.2 Classroom Activities
Activity 6.2.1: More discussion of Hazards
Use photos from the Visuals Section to show different industrial workplaces and discuss
further workplace hazards. Ask students to contribute their own pictures to make the
collection more relevant to their interest and experience. The photos represent some
hazards not mentioned elsewhere in this resource:

Working in a confined space (danger of suffocation or entrapment)

Working on ladders and scaffolds (falls)
Handling animal products (biohazards and cold environment)
Handling large quantities of material (concentrated chemicals, drowning in vats)
Working around large machines (overhead hazards, being pulled in and crushed, struck
by moving parts)
Cleaning and maintaining machines (machine pieces move unexpectedly)
Handling power tools (proper guards and PPE needed)

Activity 6.2.2: Warning Symbols

Discuss the symbols used on the Posters showing Industry Warning Symbols in the Visuals
Section of this module. Introduce workplace situations similar to the ones below. Ask
learners to indicate which posters would be a good reminder to put on the wall in each
situation.

1. Bong and his co-workers lift heavy boxes in the storeroom.

2. In this section, there are machines with moving parts.
3. When I shovel snow, I lift the shovel and twist to throw the snow aside.
4. Men are working on the construction site. Sometimes materials or tools fall from the roof.
5. The machines in this area make a lot of noise all day.
6. This machine has big gears and rollers.
7. The floors in the packing plant are always wet. We have to wear boots with a good
tread.

If this exercise is relevant, try the listening exercise on Warning Symbols in the Handouts
Section.

111
Activity 6.2.3: Reporting a Hazard to your Supervisor
Using the cards for Reporting a Hazard (see Handouts section), ask learners to choose the
hazards that they see in their workplaces. Discuss how you might approach your supervisor
to draw the hazards to his attention. Make suggestions about how to improve the situation.
Its important to do this in an appropriate manner.

Discuss:

Tone of voice
Body language
Greeting and introduction of the topic
Suggestion
Closure

Prepare one or two sample role plays. For example:

Worker: Hi Carla, do you have a minute?

Supervisor: Sure. What can I do for you?
Worker: The light doesnt seem to be very good in my area.
Supervisor: Whats the problem?
Worker: Well, my eyes are getting sore. I think the bulb isnt strong enough.
Supervisor: Lets have a look!

When students have done the role play, have the listeners suggest more solutions:

Maybe you need a 100 watt bulb.

Maybe the lamp needs to be closer.

Activity 6.2.4: Giving Instructions about Ergonomics (role play)

Bring large empty cardboard boxes and a snow shovel to the class to demonstrate.
Using the posters in Handout Section which show proper lifting techniques, have learners
demonstrate and talk about safe lifting.

Role play giving instructions to each other.

Suggestion: have students dramatize polite vs. abrupt manners of giving instruction.

112
These posters are from Live Safe! Work Smart! and from CCOHS manuals. Any good graphic
representations of ergonomic advice can be used.

Examples:

1. Put your feet closer to the box.

Bend your knees.
Lift with your legs.

2. Keep your feet apart.

Dont twist your body.

Activity 6.2.5: An Incident Report Form

Invite students to describe an incident they know of in their workplace. If none of the
students know of a real incident, use the Hazard Alert pictures (Module 3). Have a volunteer
write the information on the board while the class creates the story:

Invent a name and address for the victim.

Record where the incident happened: outside, in which department, at which
workstation or machine.
Record the time of the incident.
Describe what happened using the proper names of parts, tools or materials involved.
Use drawings or photos as needed to clarify the case.
Describe the injury, cuts, bleeding, burns, sprains etc.
What was done to help the victim?

Hand out the Incident Report Form and go over the information sections with the students.
Have them fill in all the information they can.

113
6.3 Industry Handouts
Handout for Activity 6.2.2: Warning Symbols
Your teacher will describe a workplace situation. Match the situation with one of the
hazard posters below. Do the example with your teacher.

a ______ b ______

c ______ d ______

e ______ f ______

g ______

114
Listening Text for Activity 6.2.2
(Example)
1. Bong and his co-workers work in the storeroom. They load boxes into the delivery vans.
(fheaving lifting, use your knees) Students point to the picture or write number 1 in the
space to the right of the picture f.)

2. In this factory they make furniture. They cut the wood using saws. Each saw should have
a guard. (gmoving parts must have a guard.)

3. When I shovel snow, I lift the shovel and turn to throw the snow aside. I dont twist my
body. (dlifting and twisting at the same time is dangerous.)

4. Men are working on the construction site. Sometimes materials or tools fall to the ground.
(eyou must wear a hard hat in the area.)

5. The machines in this area make a lot of noise all day. (ayou must wear ear protection in
the area)

6. This machine has big gears and rollers. Sometimes something gets stuck in the roller.
The worker has to take it out. (cturn off the machine. Use a tool to remove anything
that is stuck.)

7. The floors in the packing plant are always wet. We have to wear boots with a good
tread. (bwork boots have good treads and are waterproof.)

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Flashcards for Activity 6.2.3: Reporting a Hazard to your Supervisor
Pairs of learners choose a card and prepare a role play for the situation.

The light at your work station is not very good. You

often have sore eyes. You need a better lamp.

The plug on your power tool is frayed. You dont

think it is safe.

There is dust in your area. You have a mask but it

doesnt fit. You need a better mask.

Your area is very noisy. You need to protect your

ears. Ask your supervisor to help you.

The floor beside the door is wet and slippery.

You are afraid other people will slip. Ask your
supervisor what you should do.

The machine you work on is dirty and broken.

Tell your supervisor it needs to be cleaned and
repaired.

You work close to the welding section. The flashes

of light sometimes hurt your eyes. Ask your
supervisor what you can do.

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Ergonomics Posters for Activity 6.2.4

It can hurt if you...

From Live Safe! Work Smart! with the permission of Queens Printer, Ontario.

117
How to Lift Safely

From Live Safe! Work Smart! with the permission of Queens Printer, Ontario.

Bend your knees and reach down.

Raise the box.

Put one knee against the box.

Pull the box up.

Use your legs to lift.

Stand up keeping your back straight.

Always keep your back straight.

Carry the box close to your body.

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Guidelines for Shoveling

1
Keep feet wide apart.
Place front foot close to shovel.

Put weight on front foot.

Use leg to push shovel.

4 Turn your feet in

direction of throw.

Shift weight to rear foot.

Keep load close to body.

From CCOHS Custodians Handbook

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Incident Report Form for Activity 6.2.5

Incident Report Form

Department Employee Number S.I.N.

Last Name First Name Phone Date of birth

Address City Postal Code

Date and time of injury Incident report to

Name and address of doctor

Location of incident:

What happened?

Symptoms:

Medical notes: Treatment

Sent qhospital qhome qcompany doctor

qfamily doctor qback to department

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6.4 Visuals
6.4.1 Photos from Industry
These photos come from Microsoft Office clipart. Search for images from industry for an
excellent collection.

Confined Spaces Construction Power Tools

Electricity Concentration and Flying sparks and

Repetitive Movement particles

Biohazards and Cold Proper Machine Old or Broken Machinery

Guarding

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6.4.2 Industry Warning Symbols

122
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Resources

Workplace Safety and Health in Basic Language I 125

Resources
Many of the ideas and visuals for this kit were adapted from the following publications and
websites.

English for Work Activities, a Picture Process Dictionary

Stafford-Yilmaz, Lynn and Zwier, Lawrence J.
New Readers Press USA (2004)
ISBN 1-56420-439-1
1320 Jamesville Ave., Syracuse,
New York 13210

Workplace ESL resource for lower levels. Clear, coloured drawings. Each section
describes a process, illustrating and describing each step (one or two pages per topic,
with vocabulary sidebar.) Although it contains only one chapter specifically on safety,
there are references to safe procedures throughout.

Key Vocabulary for a Safe Workplace

Ringel, Harry
New Readers Press (USA, 2000) ISBN 1-56420-175-9 Division of ProLiteracy Worldwide, 1320
Jamesville Ave., Syracuse,New York 13210

ESL for Job Success Series, main focus on industry (tools, machinery, heavy equipment
ergonomics, industrial materials. High Beginner-Intermediate.
Clear line drawings, and plain language introduction and exercises. Although tagged
for high beginners to intermediate levels, the drawings are ideal for introducing safety
issues to very low CLB levels. Focus is mainly on industry with only occasional mention of
food handling, storage, first aid. There are many exercises on labeling but not WHMIS.

CCOHS Pocket Guides

http://www.ccohs.ca/

CCOHS. Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety

Safety Handbooks for a variety of sectors are available in hard copy (small, pocket
format) for about $12. The books can also be downloaded from the website for about $8.

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Resources for Young Workers by Group
WorkSafe BC
www.worksafebc.com

Lesson plans, handouts, activities prepared for Grades 4 to 12 but many parts are
appropriate for EAL learners. Many pictures, diagrams, tables, a large photo gallery and
lots of ideas for teaching safety.

The Winning Label

Hatscan Hazard Alert Training Inc.
http://www.hatscan.com/Product.aspx?ProductID=22

Popular VHS cassette often recommended for non-English speakers because it contains
no language. The message is transmitted through an animated folk tale.

Paperwork Plus
WST Workplace Training and Services (see resource collection at Adult Language
Training)
Unit 4 deals with Safety issues briefly. Written for language learners, contains many ideas
for teachers. Many line drawings and related activities.

English at Work, A Toolkit for Teachers

Centre for Workforce Education (see resource at Adult Language Training)
Kit contains an instructors guide, flash cards, photo collection (black and white). A bit
dated.

Students with Special Learning Needs

Health and Safety Resources for Ontario Secondary School Teachers; from the series
Live Safe! Work Smart! (Queens Printer, Ontario)

http://www.livesafeworksmart.net/english/special_needs/index.htm

Excellent source of pictures for low level vocabulary, clear, simple and applicable to many
safety issues. The website allows downloading of tip sheets, charts, flash cards, exercises,
activities and, above all, many drawings and photos. The teachers guide suggests
interactive activities that are very adaptable to EAL integrated skills at CLB Stage I.

Multilingual Health and Safety Resources: Worker Training Materials on the Web
http://www.lohp.org/hsresguide/index.html#a

This public domain website from California offers a variety of well illustrated bilingual
materials. For example, see Janitors, Custodians and Housekeepers.

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