Unit 5 Diagram ByME PDF

Unit 5 GEOGRAPHY OF SPAIN SUMMARY
AUTONOMOUS Spain is divided into 17 Autonomous

The organization of Spanish territory.
COMMUNITIES Communities and two Autonomous Cities:
Ceuta and Melilla.
Autonomous Autonomous Communities are made up of
Communities one or more provinces. Each province is
divided into municipalities.
Institutions Statues of Autonomy
- Each Autonomous Community has a Parliament. Each Autonomous Community has a Statute of Autonomy.
Citizens over 18 can vote in elections every four The Spanish courts must approve it to become law.
years to choose representatives called deputies. The Statute of Autonomy defines:
- The territory and the capital city
These deputies make laws and choose a
president for the Autonomous Community. The - The official language
President chooses the councillors who run the
regional government. - The legal power and government institutions
- Municipalities are made up of a mayor and - The symbols: flag, anthem and coat of arms
councillors. Local citizens vote for the mayor
and councillors, who have some powers to - The local services such as town planning, health
make decisions at a local level. and education
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RIVERS Rivers are bodies of flowing water which start in the mountains when
rain accumulates or snow melts. Rivers have different characteristics
according to the climate and relief.
Relief affects the length and speed of river water. Rivers are
short when they rise in mountains near the sea. Rivers are
long when they rise a long way from the sea which they flow
into. River water flows fast when the land is very steep.
Climate affects the flow and regime of rivers. Rivers which go

through areas of high precipitation have an abundant flow
and a regular regime. Rivers which go through areas with a
Concepts Mediterranean climate have an irregular flow regime.
Main rivers: rivers which flow directly into the sea

Tributaries: rivers which flow into other rivers.
River basin: low-lying plain in which each main river and its tributaries flow.
Watershed: area where all the rivers and streams flow into the same sea. There
are three watersheds in Spain. The Cantabrian watershed is in the north. The
Mediterranean watershed is in the east and south. The Atlantic watershed is in
the west.
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WATERSHED LOCATION CHARACTERISTICS MAIN RIVERS

East and The majority of rivers are short. They do not The main rivers in this watershed are:
South of the carry much water because they flow through The Ebro, which rises in the Cantabrian Mountains. It
Peninsula areas with a Mediterranean climate with low is a long river with a very abundant flow, because it
MEDITERRANEAN
rainfall. receives water from many smaller rivers.
They have an irregular flow regime. The Jucar, which rises in the Iberian Mountain Chain
The Segura, which rises in the Subbetic Range.
North of the Its rivers are short and very steep, because they The main rivers in the Cantabrian watershed are:
Peninsula rise in the Cantabrian Mountains and the Basque The Bidasoa, and Nervion in the Basque Country.
CANTABRIAN Mountains, close to the sea. They also have quite The Deva in Cantabria.
regular, abundant flow regimes because they The Sella, Nalon and its tributary Narcea in Asturias.
run through areas with an oceanic climate.
West of the Its rivers are usually long, because they rise in Galicia: The Mio and its tributary, the Sil, are the
Peninsula mountains a long way from the Atlantic Ocean, longest.
which they flow into. The main rivers on the Inner Plateau are:
The rivers of Galicia have an abundant flow and The Duero, which flows across the Northern Sub-
a regular flow regime because it often rains here. plateau.
The rivers of the Inner Plateau are the longest The Tagus, which flows across the Southern Sub-
ATLANTIC
rivers on the Peninsula, because they rise in plateau. It is the longest river on the Peninsula.
mountains a long way from the sea. They are The Guadiana flows across the Southern Sub-plateau.
dry in the summer, but they have abundant In Andalusia the most important rivers is River
flows in spring and autumn. Guadalquivir.
The rivers of Andalusia. (except the Guadalquivir)
are short and have irregular flow regimes.
MOUNTAINS Spain is a mountainous country. There are many mountain ranges and
a plateau called the Meseta that occupies the central part of the peninsula.
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REGION CHARACTERISTICS MOUNTAINS

It is a plain with an average The Central Mountain Chain. It divides
height of 600 metres above sea the Inner Plateau in two: the Northern
level. Three of the longest Sub-plateau and the Southern Sub-
THE INNER PLATEAU rivers of the Iberian Peninsula plateau.
cross the Inner Plateau from The Mountains of Toledo. These
east to west: the Duero, the Tajo mountains are in the centre of the
and the Guadiana. Southern Sub-plateau.
The Mountains of leon, separate Castilla y Len from Galicia.
The Cantabrian Range, chains of high, rugged peaks (Picos de Europa)
that separate Castilla y Len from Asturias and Cantabria.
SURROUNDING THE
INNER PLATEAU The Iberian Mountain Chain. High mountain ranges (Moncayo Range)
that extends across Castilla y Len, La Rioja, Aragn, Castilla la Mancha
and Valencia.
The Morena Range, or Sierra Morena in the south.
REGION MOUNTAINS
The Galician Massif lies in Galicia. Low mountains with rounded peaks.
The Basque Mountains, between the Pas Vasco and Navarra. They are
not very high, with pointed peaks.
The Pyrenees lie to the north. They form a very extensive mountain
range which stretches from the Cantabrian Sea to the Mediterranean Sea
and crosses Navarra, Aragon and Catalua. The mountains are very
BEYOND THE INNER
high. The highest mountain is Aneto, at a height of 3,404 metres.
PLATEAU
The Catalan Coastal Chain lies to the north-east.
The Baetic Mountain Chain lies to the south-east. These mountains run
through Andaluca, Castilla La Mancha, Murcia y Valencia.
There are two mountain ranges. The Penibetic Range runs parallel to the
Andalusian coast and has the highest peaks on the Peninsula, Mulhacen at
3,482 metres. The Subbetic Range lies inland with high mountains too.

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Unit 5 GEOGRAPHY OF SPAIN SUMMARY

AUTONOMOUS Spain is divided into 17 Autonomous

Institutions Statues of Autonomy

Climate affects the flow and regime of rivers. Rivers which go

Main rivers: rivers which flow directly into the sea

WATERSHED LOCATION CHARACTERISTICS MAIN RIVERS

REGION CHARACTERISTICS MOUNTAINS

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