B-53

8. Sludge Thickener
Data Perencanaan
a. Data dari trickling filter
Berat solid = 1053,264 kg/hari x 2 bak = 2106,528 kg/hari
Volume solid = 20,65 m3/hari x 2 bak = 41,3 m3/hari
b. Data dari clarifier
Berat solid = 265,5 kg/hari x 2 bak = 531 kg/hari
Volume solid= 88,52 m3/hari x 2 bak = 177,04 m3/hari
Kriteria Perencanaan
a. Hidrolik loading = 4 12 m3/m2.hari
b. Kedalaman (H) = 0,6 2,5 m
c. Solid loading = 25 70 kg/m2.hari
d. SVR (Sludge volume ratio) = 0,5 2 hari
(Sumber : Metcalf and Eddy, Wastewater Engineering Treatment and Reuse 4th
Edition, halaman 1492)
Direncanakan
a. Menggunakan 1 bangunan sludge thickener
b. Solid loading = 70 kg/m2.hari
c. Kadar solid = 4% dari lumpur
d. Densitas lumpur = 1050 kg/m3
e. Sg lumpur = 1,05 kg/m3
f. Densitas solid = 1300 kg/m3
g. Sg solid = 1,3 kg/m3
h. Densitas air = 1000 kg/m3
i. Sg air = 1,05 kg/m3
j. Kadar solid yang keluar dari sludge thickener = 7%
Perhitungan
1. Solid yang masuk kedalam sludge thickener
Berat solid = berat solid TF + berat solid clarifier
= 2106,528 kg/hari + 531 kg/hari
= 2637,582 kg/hari
 B-54

2. Berat lumpur
100
Berat lumpur = x berat solid
4

= 25 x 2637,582 kg/hari
= 67439,55 kg/hari
3. Volume solid

Volume solid =
2637,582 kg/hari
= 1300 /3

= 2,03 m3/hari
4. Volume lumpur

Volume lumpur =
67439,55 kg/hari
= 1050 /3

= 64,23 m3/hari
5. Volume air
Volume air = volume lumpur volume solid
= 64,23 m3/hari - 2,03 m3/hari
= 62,2 m3/hari
6. Dimensi sludge thickener
a. Luas permukaan (A)

A =
2637,582 kg/hari
= 70 kg/m2 hari

= 43,96 m2
b. Diameter bak
4
D =

4 43,96 2
= 3,14

= 7,5 m
c. Kedalaman (H)
Kedalaman bak = 2,5 m
Kemiringan dasar bak = 1 : 4
- Kedalaman ditengah tengah bak
 B-55

h = H + (0,5 x D x 0,25)
= 2,5 m + (0,5 x 7,5 m x 0,25)
= 3,4 m
7. Kapasitas sludge thickener
Volume = (A x H) + (1/3 x A x (h H))
= (43,96 m2 x 2,5 m) + (1/3 x 43,96 m2 x (3,4 m 2,5 m))
= 123 m3
8. Perhitungan pipa
a. Pipa inlet = pipa penguras lumpur clarifier = 0,095 m
b. Pipa outlet
Q air limbah = 62,2 m3/hari
= 7,2 x 10-4 m3/detik
Kecepatan (v) = 0,4 m/detik
4
- D pipa outlet =

4 7,2 104 3 /
= 3,14 0,4 /

= 0,05 m
c. Pipa penguras lumpur
- Data Perencanaan
Q pompa = Qlumpur = 64,23 m3/hari = 2,7 m3/jam = 7,4x10-4 m3/detik
- Kriteria Perencanaan
Hf pompa > Hf total
- Direncanakan
Jenis pipa cost iron pipe (C) = 130
Head statik = 1,34 m
L suction = 49,9 m
Aksesoris suction = 1 foot valve ; k = 0,19
= 3 elbow 90o ; k = 0,3
L discharge = 7,84 m
Aksesoris discharge = 1 check valve ; k = 2,5
= 2 elbow 90o ; k = 0,3
 B-56

Karakteristik pompa
Hf pompa = 30 m
Tipe Submersible Pump Single Stage
Didapatkan Performance Curve Merk Grundfos SP 3A, 50Hz, ISO 9906:2012
Grade 3b Tipe SP 3A-6
Menggunakan 1 buah pompa dan 1 buah pompa cadangan
D pipa suction = 0,095 m
D pipa discharge= 0,095 m
Daya pompa (P) = 0,37 kW
(Sumber : Grundfos halaman 28,29
 B-57

- Perhitungan
Headloss Mayor Total
10,7 1,85
Hf mayor suction = 1,85 4,87
10,7 49,9 0,000741,85
= 1301,85 0,0954,87

= 0,01 m
10,7 1,85
Hf mayor discharge = 1,85 4,87
10,7 7,84 0,000241,85
= 1301,85 0,0954,87

= 0,00158 m
Hf mayor total = Hf mayor suction + Hf mayor discharge
= 0,01 m + 0,00158 m
= 0,01158 m
Headloss minor total

V suction = V discharge =
0,00074 3 /
= 3,14 0,0952

= 0,026 m/detik
Hf minor suction
2
Hf minor foot valve = n x K x 2
(0,026 /)2
= 1 x 0,19 x 2 9,81

= 6,55 x 10-6 m
2
Hf minor elbow 90o = n x K x 2
(0,026 /)2
= 3 x 0,3 x 2 9,81

= 3,1 x 10-5 m
Hf minor suction total = Hf minor foot valve + Hf minor elbow 90o
= 6,55 x 10-6 m + 3,1 x 10-5 m
= 3,755 x 10-5 m
Hf minor discharge
2
Hf minor check valve = n x K x 2
(0,026 /)2
= 1 x 2,5 x 2 9,81
 B-58

= 8,61 x 10-5 m
2
Hf minor elbow 90o = n x K x 2
(0,026 /)2
= 2 x 0,3 x 2 9,81

= 2,07 x 10-5 m
Hf minor discharge total = Hf minor check valve + Hf minor elbow 90o
= 8,61 x 10-5 m + 2,07 x 10-5 m
= 10,68 x 10-5 m
Hf minor total = Hf minor suction + Hf minor discharge
= 3,755 x 10-5 m + 10,68 x 10-5 m
= 14,435 x 10-5 m
Total head (Hf total) = H statik + Hf mayor + Hf minor
= 1,34 m + 0,01158 m + 14,435 x 10-5 m
= 1,3517 m
Hf pompa > Hf total
20 m > 1,3517 m .......... OK!
Efisiensi pompa ()

P=


=
1 0,00074 3 / 30 9,81
= 0,37

= 0,59 = 59 %
Desain Sludge Thickener
1. Menggunakan 1 bak sludge thickener
2. Dimensi bangunan :
Kedalaman (H) = 2,5 m
Kedalaman bak tengah (h) = 3,4 m
Diameter bak (D) = 7,5 m
3. Pipa inlet
Pipa penguras lumpur dari trickling filter = 0,095 m
Pipa penguras lumpur dari clarifier = 0,095 m
4. Pipa outlet air limbah = 0,05 m
 B-59

5. Pipa penguras lumpur