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Electrostatic Generator Robert J. Van de Graaff Potential Difference

1. A Van de Graaff generator uses a moving belt to accumulate very high electrical potential on a hollow metal globe. Charges are transferred from the belt to the inner surface of the globe and then repelled to the outer surface, accumulating large amounts of charge. 2. It was invented in 1929 by Robert Van de Graaff and can produce voltages over 5 million volts, allowing it to accelerate subatomic particles for physics research. 3. A Van de Graaff generator operates by transferring electric charge from a moving belt to a terminal, accumulating high voltage that was useful for accelerating particles when first invented.

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60 views

Electrostatic Generator Robert J. Van de Graaff Potential Difference

1. A Van de Graaff generator uses a moving belt to accumulate very high electrical potential on a hollow metal globe. Charges are transferred from the belt to the inner surface of the globe and then repelled to the outer surface, accumulating large amounts of charge. 2. It was invented in 1929 by Robert Van de Graaff and can produce voltages over 5 million volts, allowing it to accelerate subatomic particles for physics research. 3. A Van de Graaff generator operates by transferring electric charge from a moving belt to a terminal, accumulating high voltage that was useful for accelerating particles when first invented.

Uploaded by

Timberly
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Static electricity is generated by the friction or by a high voltage at a pointed electrode.

The
rolling rubber belt then carries the charge to the inner surface of the spherical metal cover. Due
to mutual repulsion, the charge is repelled to the outer surface of the spherical cover, and hence a
large amount of charge will accumulate there.

1. Discharging action of sharp points, ie., electric discharge takes place in air or gases readily, at
pointed conductors.
2. If the charged conductor is brought in to internal contact with a hollow conductor, all of its
charge transfers to the surface of the hollow conductor no matter how high the potential of the
latter may be.
3. A Van de Graaff generator is an electrostatic generator which uses a moving belt to
accumulate very high amounts of electrical potential on a hollow metal globe on the top
of the stand. It was invented by American physicist Robert J. Van de Graaff in 1929. The
potential difference achieved in modern Van de Graaff generators can reach 5 megavolts.
A tabletop version can produce on the order of 100,000 volts and can store enough
energy to produce a visible spark.
4. A Van de Graaff generator operates by transferring electric charge from a moving belt to
a terminal. First invented in 1929, the Van de Graaff generator became a source of high
voltage for accelerating subatomic particles to high speeds, making it a useful tool for
fundamental physics research.

In Lesson 1, it was explained that atoms are the building blocks of matter. Furthermore, it was explained
that material objects are made of different types of atoms and combinations of atoms. The presence of
different atoms in objects provides different objects with different electrical properties. One such
property is known as electron affinity. Simply put, the property of electron affinity refers to the relative
amount of love that a material has for electrons. If atoms of a material have a high electron affinity, then
that material will have a relatively high love for electrons. This property of electron affinity will be of
utmost importance as we explore one of the most common methods of charging - charging by friction or
rubbing. The procedure of rubbing a rubber balloon against your hair is quite easily performed. You
might try it now if you've never performed it. When done, you will likely notice that the rubber balloon
and your hair will attract each other. On a dry day, you might even be able
to let go of the balloon and have it adhere to your hair. (You will also
probably notice that the procedure will initiate a bad hair day. Sorry.) This
attraction between the two charged objects is evidence that the objects
being charged are charged with an opposite type of charge. One is
positively charged and the other is negatively charged. How does this
happen? How does the simple rubbing together of two objects cause the objects to become charged
and charged oppositely?

On a dry day, the buildup of charge becomes so great that it can exert influences on charged
balloons held some distance away. If you were to walk near a Van de Graaff generator and hold
out your hand, you might even notice the hairs on your hand standing up. And if you were to
slowly walk near a Van de Graaff generator, your eyebrows might begin to feel quite staticy. The
Van de Graaff generator, like any charged object, alters the space surrounding it. Other charged
objects entering the space feel the strangeness of that space. Electric forces are exerted upon
those charged objects when they enter that space. The Van de Graaff generator is said to create
an electric field in the space surrounding it.

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