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    Graphical Representation: Yvst: Motion of A Single Point in The Medium

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    Manas kumar
    This document discusses graphical representations of waves and key wave properties such as phase, particle velocity, acceleration, and the wave equation. It also examines two methods for deriving the speed of a transverse wave on a string. 1) Graphs of y vs t and y vs x can be used to represent the motion of a single point in the medium and a snapshot of the whole wave at an instant in time. 2) The general expression for phase and examples of determining phase at specific points are presented. 3) Particle velocity and acceleration are defined in terms of the wave function and properties like proportionality to displacement are noted.

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    Graphical Representation: Yvst: Motion of A Single Point in The Medium

    Uploaded by

    Manas kumar
    31 views7 pages
    This document discusses graphical representations of waves and key wave properties such as phase, particle velocity, acceleration, and the wave equation. It also examines two methods for deriving the speed of a transverse wave on a string. 1) Graphs of y vs t and y vs x can be used to represent the motion of a single point in the medium and a snapshot of the whole wave at an instant in time. 2) The general expression for phase and examples of determining phase at specific points are presented. 3) Particle velocity and acceleration are defined in terms of the wave function and properties like proportionality to displacement are noted.

    Original Description:

    Wave equation for jee /Neet

    Original Title

    WaveEquation-1

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    This document discusses graphical representations of waves and key wave properties such as phase, particle velocity, acceleration, and the wave equation. It also examines two methods for deriving the speed of a transverse wave on a string. 1) Graphs of y vs t and y vs x can be used to represent the motion of a single point in the medium and a snapshot of the whole wave at an instant in time. 2) The general expression for phase and examples of determining phase at specific points are presented. 3) Particle velocity and acceleration are defined in terms of the wave function and properties like proportionality to displacement are noted.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    31 views7 pages

    Graphical Representation: Yvst: Motion of A Single Point in The Medium

    Uploaded by

    Manas kumar
    This document discusses graphical representations of waves and key wave properties such as phase, particle velocity, acceleration, and the wave equation. It also examines two methods for deriving the speed of a transverse wave on a string. 1) Graphs of y vs t and y vs x can be used to represent the motion of a single point in the medium and a snapshot of the whole wave at an instant in time. 2) The general expression for phase and examples of determining phase at specific points are presented. 3) Particle velocity and acceleration are defined in terms of the wave function and properties like proportionality to displacement are noted.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 7

    Graphical Representation

    y
    y vs t:
    Motion of a single point in the medium

    y vs x:
    Snap shot of the whole wave at one instant

    Liu UCD Phy9B 07 15


    Phase
    General expression: y=Acos(kx-ωt+φ)
    y use specific points to determine φ
    x=0 y =Acos(- ωt)
    = Acosωt

    y =Acos(π−ωt)
    x=λ/2

    x=3λ/4 y =Acos(3π/2−ωt)

    x=λ y =Acos (2π−ωt)


    = Acos ωt
    Liu UCD Phy9B 07 16
    Particle Velocity and Acceleration
    Recall wave velocity: v=λf=ω/k

    y ( x, t ) = A cos( kx − ωt )
    Transverse velocity of a particle
    ∂y ( x, t )
    vy = = ωA sin( kx − ωt )
    ∂t
    Generally true

    Acceleration of a particle
    ∂ 2 y ( x, t )
    a y ( x, t ) = = −ω 2
    A cos( kx − ω t ) = −ω 2
    y ( x, t )
    ∂t 2
    Proportional to displacement
    Opposite direction
    Liu UCD Phy9B 07 17
    Wave Equation
    Since
    ∂ 2 y ( x, t )
    = −ω 2
    y ( x, t )
    ∂t 2

    ∂ 2 y ( x, t )
    = − k 2
    y ( x, t )
    ∂x 2

    ∂ 2 y ( x, t ) k 2 ∂ 2 y ( x, t )
    = 2
    ∂x 2
    ω ∂t 2
    1 ∂ 2 y ( x, t )
    = 2
    v ∂t 2

    Valid for waves on a string that have any shape.


    Liu UCD Phy9B 07 18
    Wave Snapshots

    Liu UCD Phy9B 07 19


    15-4. Speed of a Transverse Wave
    Method 1: Impulse-momentum theorem

    Please read text on your own.

    F
    v= , speed of a transverse wave on a string
    µ
    F: tension in string, N
    µ=m/L: linear mass density
    Liu UCD Phy9B 07 20
    Speed of a Transverse Wave
    Method 2: Newton’s second law

    ⎡⎛ ∂y ⎞ ⎛ ∂y ⎞ ⎤
    Fy = F1 y + F2 y = F ⎢⎜ ⎟ −⎜ ⎟ ⎥
    ⎣⎝ ∂x ⎠ x + ∆x ⎝ ∂x ⎠ x ⎦
    ∂2 y
    Fy = ma y = µ∆x 2
    ∂t
    ⎡⎛ ∂y ⎞ ⎛ ∂y ⎞ ⎤
    ⎜
    ⎢ ∂x ⎟ − ⎜ ⎟ ⎥
    ⎣⎝ ⎠ x + ∆x ⎝ ∂x ⎠ x ⎦ = ∂ y = µ ∂ y
    2 2

    lim
    ∆x →0 ∆x ∂x 2 F ∂t 2

    F
    ∂2 y 1 ∂2 y
    =
    v=
    Wave equation:
    ∂x 2 v 2 ∂t 2 µ

    F: tension in string, N
    µ=m/L: linear mass density
    Liu UCD Phy9B 07 21

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